Indianapolis Journal, Volume 52, Number 5, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 January 1902 — Page 26

TITK INDTAXAPOT-IS JOUJVAL, SUNDAY, JANUARY 5 1002

STRANGE BIRD WAYS Aesfs of fie Oriole-Bird Cities of the Sea Curious Homes of the Canadian Grouse llird Knowledge of Colors-Strange Uses of Wings Robin's Social Clubs,

The mora closely vc study birds the more w appreciate the depth of our Ignorance in regard to their lived and habits. We are constantly confronted with unexpected developments, signs of intelligence even of reasoning, evidences of personal tastes, instances of departure from family custom?; Indeed, so many idiosyncrasies that a conscientious observer hesitates to affirm any settled habit of any particular siecles. It is hardly safer to say, for example, tftat all robins build rests of mud and other material in trees, than to say that all Englishmen build houses of bricks in long rows, for we frequently find variations from this habit. .According to general experience of the birds of our country. It would seem tolerably safer to aff.rm that the female bird makes her own nest, sometimes allowing her mate to assist, sometimes preferring to do it all alone. Yet some bird families are known in which she departs from the ways of her sister?, and allows her mate to make nil the preparations for her long sitting. A well-known hawk the everglade kite contents herself with looking on while her mate collects and arranges the twigs which form the neat, occasionally stopping in his work long enough to feed My Lady a few delectable snails. Another defection from common bird ways is made by the phainoiepla of California, a line singer and Interesting bird. This gallant spouse does all the work of gathering m-terlals and weaving them into . a neat, felt-like structure, always welcoming her to the post of looker-on, but never permitting her to touch the sacred cradle till it is entirely finished, and so happy in his occupation that he sings as he goes about. It is confidently aserted and generally believed that the orchard oriole a rather crusty eonsiii of our black and gold neightor of the elms and willows slings her graceful cup between the upright twigs of a tre apple preferred. But in Florida "Where the bannered mosses gray In the breezes gently sway," tue is known to build in the tempting material, not of it, for she cannot give up the wiry gruss beloved of her family. Selecting: a. thick bunch of moss she works out a cavity in it and there places the pretty green cradle, wnich, turning yellow as It dries, makes one of the daintiest straw colored 5tructures. Again it I? a well established fact, in looks as well as in popular opinion, that bird families, though never so social in their ways, at nesting time prefer to separate themseU-es a little from their fellows, each pair having its individual nest and conducting its own domestic affairs. Even nmong the social sea birds who have what we call bird cities where nests are as thick as human habitations in our cities where many thousands of a species congregatc, even there each pair is supposed to have its own nook for its own family. Hut here again is a family with individual Idiosyncrasies. It belongs to a bird tribe noted for eccentricities, especially about domestic matters the Cuckoo.?. The European branch is conspicuous for shirking the care of nest and nestlings and imposing the work on its neighbors. Our own species content themselves with a poor apology for a nest and often show a queer jumble of egg? and young of several ages together. The bird referred to, the ani, found sometimes in our Southern States, seems to have solved the problem which presents itself to the cuckoo family, namely how to reconcile the habit of depositing eggs at long intervals with the comfortable rearing of the young. The ani has overcome the difficulty in an original way and set us an example in co-operation. When nesting time arrives several of these birds combine and make a nest of large size in which the whole party deposit their eggs and take turns in the labor of sitting and bringing the young to years or weeks of discretion. The eggs ar carfully placed in In vers with leaves between them so that they shall not Injure each other. If missionaries could be sent from this model community to teach their European relatives this solution of cuckoo troubles it would be most welcome to the hosts of fmall birds who are forced to incubate and rear cuckoo youngsters. A vagary in the manner of nest building is shown by one of the grouse, a family which alio exhibits originality and peculiarity in several ways. This is the Canada grouse, or spruce partridge, found in the Northern part of the United States. "When moved to nst making, the bird cratches a cup-shaped place in the ground and lays three eggs. This only to begin, for her "set" varies from ten to fifteen. Thn every time she deposits another buffspotted sphere, sh"4 picks up straws, grass, haves or whatever she finds handy, and tosses them over her back towards the nst as she goes away. Dy the time her set is complete she has accumulated a quantity of litter around the nest, evidently with the intention of providing occupation for the tedious hours of incubation. "Then as she sits in the nest she reaches out, gathers in the stuff, and arranges it around her at her leisure. When the nest is completed and ready to serve its use as a r.ursry it is very deep and nicely constructed of grass and leaves. Not only have many of our little neighbors individuality about nest building, but some of them have decided notions about colors. A canary belonging to a family in New England greatly disliked black, and showed his feelings on every occasion. When a black cook was employed he was so distressed and unhappy that the family felt obliged-in pity to replace her with a white one. A tame robin had strong aversion to all bright colors, except yellow, which he so much admired that he would "alight in perfect rapture" (as his mistress says) on tho hand of a person knitting yellow wool. A certain parrot, on the contrary, so hated yellow that he would scold and refuse to approach his adored mistress when she wore it. A yellow ribbon, or anything of that color, would drive him almost frantic. When a mass of ends of worsteds were given him. he looked them over carefully, picking out all the blue ones and put them In a pile by themselves, showing that he had likes as well a? dislikes. The common rubythroaud humming bird shows great fondress for bright red. I have seen one almo5t alight on a lady with a red waist, and howr fonw minutes before a redpainted piazza seat, passing back and forth before it. almost touching and seeming loath to leave it. The oppossum has the credit of the trick cf feigntng death when captured, but several birds are equally clever at it. Among them are one or two grouse, or partridges, the humming bird and other small birds, tome of whom even go through the process of gaaplng for breath and apparently dying. Jn some cas this is probably actual paralysis from fright, and in others a sort f f-Jnting. but In general it appears to be true "shamming." Beside feigning to be dead "with inUnt to deceive" many birds pretend to b hurt, to draw the enemy way from the nest or young. Perhaps the irollleit is by another of the grotesque grcux4 family. Tba Canadian ruffed grouse

throws herself on her brta?t and kicks herself along with her feet aided by her spread wing, adding to th comical effect by squealing at the top of her voice. She goes just fast enough to prevent her purfeuer getting his .hand on her, while the young whom she is trying to protect by these manoeuvers drop where they are, and remain perfectly motionless. One of the most remarkable and least understood powers of a bird is ' that of sinking the body in water till only the beak is above the surface, and remaining in that position without motion. This faculty is possessed by several ducks and geese, and is exceedingly useful to birds pursued as game, often preserving their lives. Nothing is more certain than that the wing of a bird is to lly with, but it is not confined to that use. It Is capable of varied expression. Some birds have a curious custom of lifting the wings, whicli evidently means something more than we are yet. able to Interpret. Sandpipers on alighting often lift one or both wings high above the back before they settle. The moeking bird has a very significant way of lifting both wings when advancing to the attack of a beetle. I have sometimes thought it might be for instant fight if the quarry developed alarming propensities; it has been suggested that it is to startle and flush the game." In one case a redwing blackbird plainly meant to express a great deal when he came as near me as he could get, lifted one win;; and 'held it quivering while he fixed his eyes on me, and delivered a long harangue, evidently of grieved complaint. (Being about to leave home I had carried him to a strange house in a covered cage.) New habits and ways are constantly coming to lisht to upset all our timeworn theories and beliefs. It has been discovered that robins have social clubs, and that some birds drink salt water; crows eat more cutworms than corn, and shrikes more beetles than birds; that nestlings have to be educated, and ground birds have light breasts for concealment; that some feathered "lords of creation" assume the entire care of tho young awl others never see their offspring till they graduate from tho nursery; that some fathers will cat their own babies and others will die for theirs, arid strangest of all, that it is possible to change color without moulting. It is thus seen that we have by no means exhausted the interest of bird study. Everyday we are called upon to modify previous opinions, and if the army of observers continues to increase as it has been doing of late it will not be long before our ornithologies will have to be rewritten. Then it is to be hoped we shall really know something of the lives of our most interesting fellow-creatures and be able to appreciate that "Earth were not half so bright or fair Without these minstrels of the air." OLIVE TIIORNE MILLER.

THE MIND OF A DOG. From Bishop Goodsell's "Nature and Character at Granite Bay." Ho came to us in a crate, a gift from Omaha, valued as to contents at $50. He was principally logs when wc first saw him. Earlier it may be that these were not so out of proportion with his body, and that he could play without getting them tangled; but this was impossible now. The last six weeks had gone to legs. His long nose was chafed through his ardor in seeking acquaintances in the express car and on express truck. This ardor diminished as he grew older, reaching such pass finally that he recognized no one outside the family without permission. This was not due to any ingrained aristocratic feeling, but to a deep sense of his duty to the members of the family, and to the fact that what strength he had must be in reserve for their use. He was a thoroughbred greyhound, slatecolored, with all the regulation white points, a star on his breast, and the tip of his tail white also. There was, no doubt, great promise in his ancestry, and promise in his ample and awkward outline. From the overgrowth of his legs he was awkward as a cow. Yet from the first day he had that noble, statuesque way of sitting peculiar to his kind, the forepaws extended before him, his hind legs close to his side, and his whip of a tall carefully aligned. The naming of any member of a family requires thought and consultation. It was only after much of both that we reached unanimity as to the name Gad. The final reason is a family secret. The name was .not, however, a family name; nor was it in any way derogatory to the son of Jacob and Zilpah. Everybody's dog is the best and smartest in the world. As a unit in this everybody I proceed to prove that mine was. It maker no difference whether he be thoroughbred, cur, or "benchleg." the universal fact is, "Love me, love my dog." Here in Tennessee no law against dogs can be passed. It is fatal to the future of the legislator who proposes it. The cities and towns would like it; some of the farmers who lose their sheep desire it; but the man of tho mountain and tho cabin will have none, of it. Hence waste tracts and feX sheep. Can the influence of the dog be better shown? Does not the reason lurk in this, that the dog's devotion to his master begets a ten.-e of oneness which exists in no other subhuman relation? Hence it is the other dog which is always to blame for a fight; and if he snaps, it is because he is teased. I think it is something of the same feeling, increased also by fear ot commercial loss if pood reputation

'

she Wonder why till men always marry little wuruen? Ilm TLair U.k the lesser evil.

be gone, that makes every owner of a skittish horse speak of him "as gentlo as a kitten." More than once I have been upset and damaged by these kittenish horses. It is, of course, possible that in horse talk the owner may use this phrase much as "David Harum" did when he recommended the horse which would stand without hitching. Kittens can bite, scratch, spit furiously, and have running fits, which last I know to be true of a horse. Named and fed, Gad was shut up for the night in the barn. But as he had been for five days and nights on tho train, and constantly in human society, I was no sooner ready for sleep than his loneliness overcame him and ho lifted up his yoice in lamentation. The volume of this wail suggested that Ids throat had grown to the length of his legs. Phebe has a faculty for sleep to the measure of genius. She has denied thunderstorms in the night, because she did not hear them. But Gad waked her. Her imperative tone was excusable. After lights appeared in neighboring houses, and I thought I saw the railroad president loading his gun, I brought him Into the house. Human society was all he craved. On a rug In the corner, after turning round three times, as is the habit of prairie wolves in treading down grass for a bed, he stretched himself on his side and was quiet until morning, with one slight exception. Doubt as to whether we were still in the house led him, about midnight, to put his cold nose on Phebe's hand. The observations which followed, though entirely ladylike, had the element of surprise in them, and awakened doubt in my mind whether Gad had not better have been left in the barn. Yet he won his way to her heart so fully the day after that always, until we lost him, he slept in the house, free to wander, which he seldom did, and then only when some noise required investigation. I write of him as "Gentleman Gad' because from his puppy hood he had the manners of a gentleman. Little training was necessary as to his behavior in the house. His blood told. Greyhounds are commonly thought unintelligent as compared, for instance, with collies. I cannot conceive of gre.-.ter intelligence, loyalty and obedience in a dog than Gad showed. He certainly understood much that we said, and knew when we were talking to him, though his name was not mentioned. The season at Granite Bay brought him to eight months of age, not yet mature, but well grown and as beautiful and graceful as a dog can be. His nose elongated, his chest deepened, the muscles of his mighty thighs stood out, his tail grew in length, curvature as to the whole, and with a particularly pretty curve at the tip. He accumulated an impressive mouthful of teeth. Not once did he snap them or growl at any" members of the family. All the neighbors and the little children came to love him. "With - strangers he permitted only brief familiarity, keeping ' himself chiefly for us. Never but once did he harm any live thing except intruding cats and impertinent dogs. He killed a. nestling which had fallen from a tree to the grass. lie was then very young, and was whipped. The next week he found another, which he fenced in with his paws until it was restored to its clamorous mother. It was highly necessary to train him to distinguish between the cats of our immediate neighbors and disreputable vagrants of that order; soon accomplished as to the distinction, but developing a compensating intensity of pursuit as to all of unknown ownership. As I was not fond of seeing these manifestations of his severer nature, I commonly screened them from vision by going into the house when I saw that he was bent on the banishment, if not worse, of unknown cats. Hence, I am not in a position to state what happened. His bearing toward lesser dogs at this time was rich in patience and dignity. He paid little attention to them unless I invited him to do so. They found it well to go home then, but went unhurt. Dogs of his size hesitated to come into the yard on seeing him. Ho took his naps where he could see all who came to the gate. He looked steadily at such, partly raised himself, growled with a depth and vigor proportioned to their nearness. No one resisted the final vigor of his protest against Invaders. It was difficult to cure him of digging hoies in the garden. Bones were very precious, and he could not think of wasting them or sharing them with curs of low degree. It was not polite to take them into the house. He must, therefore, bury them. His mighty paws hurled the earth ten feet behind him, and a minute was sufficient for a great hole. Not naturally aware of the value of flowers and shrubs. It had to be taught him by pointing out the hole, the ruined plants, and by earnest exhortation, by the exhibition of a whip, and once by the sting of it. He learned to avoid the flower beds, but as to other places tho temptation overcame him to the last. But his bearing always betrayed him if he had been digging, even when wc had not seen it. He went about meekly, with a deprecatory air had a marked tendency to retirement. "When we said, "Gad, you've been digging a hole!" his spirits utterly sank, and he would crawl at our feet until forgiven. Not allowed to be in the dining room while we were at meals, he lay just outside with a sharp eye on our procedure, and knew, as well as we, when wo were nearly through. When sitting on the floor his head reached far enough above the table to eat handily from a plate. No one could be less greedy. Ho would wait until a napkin was tied round his neck, and eat piece by piece and drop nothing. We could not take him South with us. During the four months of our absence he passed from large puppyhood to full doghood. We were not a little anxious to see if he would know us on return. He heard my footsteps while still shut in the house, nearly burst the door in his effort to reach me, put his paws on my shoulders, raced

around the yard, Jumped all the fences, and "bayed a deep-mouthed welcome." When Phebe came he climbed into tho carriage in his joyful frenzy. After this he became more stately in bearing, and was of wonderful agility. At my command he would leap the fences, but not often otherwise. He now developed more fully that sense of ownership, while on our place, which some dogs never seem to acquire. He almost never left the place unless to accompany some member of the familj-. He 'would go' with a guest when permitted. He perfectly understood "You may go," "You cannot go." If permitted to go, his joy and eagerness were touching. The putting on of a hat made him tremble with expectation until asked to go. Then with a mighty leap he cleared the veranda, was over the fence, and waited at the foot of the hill, This compelled us to believe that he went as far as he could in order to be sure that he would not be sent back. He knew the difference between preparations for a walk to the village and for a journey. Trunks and traveling bags made him as unhappy as hats and canes made him glad. It was about this time that he learned to call the children, who slept upstairs, and afterward his mistress, who slept downstairs. Where he lay down at night we commonly found him in the morning. He waited for me to bid him rise; followed me about in my morning's preparations. When I said, "Go and call the girls," he raced up stairs, wedged the door open with his sharp nose, and never came down until he was patted and caressed. What an air of duty well done he bora then J He understood perfectly the difference between "Go and call the girls" and "Go and call Phebe." He made no mistake whichever was said first. This summer he was promoted to sleeping on a lounge, his long legs having been often stepped on while he slept on the floor. But he never sought the lounge until told to go there, and would not leap upon it unless the cushion was turned over, exposing its leather side. He learned not to do this in a day. When lying on the floor I would say as to a person, "Gad it is time for you to go to bed." He would go instantly to the lounge. If the leather side was up, lie promptly took his place; if not, he waited until the cushion was turned. When full grown he was fearless as to other dogs of any size, as ho was far from being when a puppy. In his youth he depended on, his speed. I shall never forget the behavior of a cros and heavy dog who hid r?himl a box which Gad must pass on his way to the village. I noticed that Gad was watchful, but could see no reason. He walked stiffly by my side. There was a rush from the box, which nearly tripped me. The big dog leaped lor CJad. Hut Gad was not there. He was running homeward as only a greyhound can. The big dog was the picture of astonishment and disappointment. No dog attacked him after he was full grown, but all kept at a respectful distance. I had supposed him too good to fight; too amiable! I wondered that some dogs acted so querny in his presence. One collie in particular would wade into the sea up to his neck and hiss at him. Gad walked to the water's edge, turned his back on him, threw some sand at him, and walked stillly off in contempt of such a coward. Greyhounds are seldom good water dogs. Hut Gad was actually fond of bathing and of swimming, and would, on hot days, stand for a long time immersed, save his head. He delighted to be in the water with the young people. Once, when we had left him with the fisherman on the island, he swam across the cut and was found on our veranda. He was as happy as possible in a boat, sat steadily in his place, and more than once swam after the boat when left behind. I have said that I (lid not understand why the other dogs seemed to fear him. I supposed ho did not fight because he was too amiable and because he never showed hurts from lighting. So for years I thought him above it by reason of the dignity of his nature. But I was set right by the long captain, who told me Gad was the worst fighter in town! When another dog snarled at him he never bit at leg tr throat, but leaped into the air, came down to rix his terrible fangs on the other dog's loins, and this was the end of the battle. I confess to both pain and pride in hearing this pain that I did not know as much as I thought I did, -and pride that, seeing he did fight, he was ablo to secure quiet for himself when with me by these private contests, forced, of course, upon him. My neighbor, the railroad president, had a small, obese, venerable, but most faithfid and affectionate black and tan: dear to everybody for his devoted attachment to the ladles of tho family. I have known him when crippled with rheumatism, and asleep when they left him, to follow over the six miles between their citj- home and the bay. As they rode all the way he came not by scent, but by conviction that, if not at home, they must be at the. bay. This dog could not bear that his young mistresses should show Gad much attention. He snarled every moment he had to endure it. Having as keen a knowledge of the boundaries of his master's property as Gad had, the presence of any other dog in his preserve grieved him greatly. Now, the peculiar thing is that Gad took no notice of Frisk's resentment when Gad was on Frisk's premises; apparently, he thought it well within Frisk's rights to behave as he did. Ills mistresses warned Frisk to behave or he would be paid off some day. The young ladies were coming for a call. Frisk with them. Gad went out to welcome them. Frisk snarled on Gad's premises. Gad shook him, set him down unhurt, and walked stiffly off with an air of magnanimous virtue. 1 wish wc had not left him the last time. The fisherman and his good wife were as kind as possible. If Gad could not be with us. I knew he would have wished to be with them. He mourned for us when we were gone. He was much cheered by a visit from our baby grandson, but he pined and fretted and developed pneumonia. The fisherman's wife said, weeping, "He was not like a beast, but a human being." A physician attended him. Consumption followed. When I came in the spring he was a skeleton, unable to rise. The doctor lifted him to his feet. Gad staggered across the room, put his head between my knees, after his old loving fashion, fell dov n from weakness, but kept his eye on me with just the tip of his tail wagging. A few days after he died when I could not be with him. Neither my tears then nor heartache now makq me ashamed. So passed out of our sight our stanchest friend, bravest protector, most loyal guard, most loving companion, and intelligent servitor, not human, we ever had. His human goodnesses were so many that we still speak of him as "Gentleman Gad," and only now havo found one exactly like him to take his place. A "BenrV' Christmas Tree. Boston Transcript. It all happened on Tuesday afternoon In a broker's office, h broker who. in the latest copper flurry, was technically known as a "bear." So he decided to be known as a generous bear. To his employes, including half a dozen or so of young women stenographers, he communicated his willing intent to have a Christmas tree well adorned with gifts at his expense. The employes did the buying. That is. since employes art always supposed to know just what their fellows want better than they know their

own desires, it was arranged that each should buy for some other and not for himself. And jolly as were the plans for the tree and its trimmings it Is said that when dismantling time came, nil anticipations were overtopped by the reality. The fun was continuous and contagious. And the employer was not forgotten. Of course the obvious token for him was a bear, and he got a flock of them, if it is proper so to refer to a large collection of these fourfooted animals. Some of them were of the kind given to children filled with candies, but there were one or two others that contained greetings of a more substantial kind. Which led the host to add his voice to. the expression of regret that Christmas comes but once year, thus making it unanimous. MORE FLAGPOLES USED.

Nevr York Is 3Inkinpr Heavy Deiunndn on the Supply. New York Herald. Leading manufacturers of flagpoles in this city say that the demand for poles has increased wonderfully within the last ten years. ; Every builder who estimates on the erection of a house is obliged to include a flagpole in his plans. The poles are made of wood, usually of spruce or pine: For lengths of seventy feet or less spruce is preferred. Beyond that height pine is chosen if the pole is a tingle stick. The wood comes from Norway, Nova Scotia and northern New York. It lies under water for a year and is then ready to be hewn into a square piece. After that it is cut down smaller with a draw shave, smoothed with a flat plane and finished with a hollow plane. If the pole is not exactly straight it has to be made so by planing it on one side. It Is then put out in a yard tc "check." That is. It gets a chance to crack on the sides. These cracks or "checks" are filled with putty, or, if too large, they are filled with oakum and calked like the timbers of a ship. The pole is then painted and fitted with a wooden ball on top. Flagpole makers say that poles ought to be painted onco a year; It makes them last longer. When a pole is put up in two pieces It is joined together by a dovetail splice. This splice is strengthened by heavy iron bands around the splicing. From fifty to eighty feet makes a good length for a pole. If it is eighty feet long it ought to have a diameter of twelve to fourteen inches at its base, and other lengths are made in nearly this proportion. Flagpoles are taken down because they rot at the base, but a great number of them get struck by lightning every year. After that they arc good for nothing but firewood. A flagpole costs for the buyer from $15 to $150. It costs the maker from J2 to $15, but he has to reject many sticks when he comes to work them into shape, and he has to put them in position. This task Is often difficult and dangerous. Poles have to be put on the top? of domes, and a circular staifway has to be built around the sides of these domes to enable workmen to reach the required point. Then poles are placed on flat roofs and peaked roofs, on stone walls, on rocks and even on trees. Another authority says that the wind has a good deal to do in warping the poles, and still another expert says that a pole will bend in the same direction that it inclined when it was a tree in its native forest. None of these reasons alters the indisputable fact that the flagpoles of New York are nearly all bent with their heads toward the north. The memory of "Tom" Riley's liberty pole is still green in the hearts of many New Yorkers. This famous pole stood near the corner of Broadway and Franklin street. It was erected in 1S34. on Washington's birthday, and towered upward 137 feet from the ground. Figures were placed upon it at Intervals to mark its height, and the little grass plot on which it stood was the scene of . memorable gatherings of firemen in the days of the volunteer fire department. Streams of water were thrown toward the top of Riley's pole, and the engine that reached the highest mark received a prize from judges who viewed the contest from roofs close by. Riley's pole was struck by lightning within ten months after its erection. It was replaced by a new one, and the latter pole was there as late as 1S5S, when the advance of business caused its removal. Every schoolboy can seo in his mind's eye the daring American who climbed the Battery fiagpole and tore down the British colors that had been nailed there when the English sailed from New York in 17S3. MAKING MOVING PICTIKES. Developing the Continuous Plates n niMIcuIt Thins:. New Orleans Times-Democrat. "One of the queerest and most Interesting things about the making of moving pictures," said an expert the other day, "is the development of the negative. Any amateur knows how difficult it often is to get good results from a single small photo how the sensitive gelatin will display nothing short of total depravity the moment it gets into the bath and he will be prepared to appreciate the difficulty of developing a ship a hundred feet lonp, containing over a thousand separate pictures, all of which have to be 'brought out' with exactly uniform distinctness. Yet the way it is done is comparatively simple. To begin with a very large dark room is necesary, so the operators can move about without crowding. I call to mind a firm of film makers that have one seventy-eight feet long. It Is Illuminated with ruby light, and down the center is a porcelain tank containing the developing solution. Suspended above this tank, so the lower edge dips into it. Is a glass wheel or drum about six feet in diameter. When the film is taken into the dark room the first thing done is to wind it around the drum, which is then set slowly revolving by perfectly adjusted machinery. The result Is that the strip is carried through the solution at a perfectly regoilar speed, and each little picture on its surface is developed with absolute uniformity. The drum lias an electric lamp inside of it, and the operator can see exactly how the work is progressing by simply turning it on. Of course, the subsequent drying, toning, fixing and so on are mere child's play, and involve no trouble, but before the developing wheel was thought of fully three films out of five were accldently spoiled. The retrenching of the sensitive strip is another interesting feature of the, process of manufacture, and has latterly grown Into something closely approaching an art. A modern expert can remove almost any defect or add any detail that is desired. When an effort was made to get pictures of the great Fitzsimmons fight at Carson City, Dan Stuart, who had the recording machine in charge, very foolishly ordered the wooden framework to le painted on the morning of the battle. When the apparatus got into motion the rapid vibration scattered hundreds of minute drops of paint over the surface of the film. This was not discovered until it was brought East for development, and the operator at once declared that the record was ruined. Accordingly it was cast aside. At present tho spots could have been removed with the greatest of ease." A Study in 1'eelinB. v To bo a Exeat musician yc-u must be a.m.in of moods, Tou have to be, to understand sonatas and etudes. To execute pianos and to fiu11e with 5ueccss. With sympathy and feeling you must fairly effervesce: It wad po with I'aganini, Uomcnzi and :hopaiur. And so it was with Peterkiu Von GahricI O'Lang. Monsieur O'Lang had sympathy to such a groat riecreo. No virtuoso ever lived was quite so great as ho He Wi'.s either very happy or very. very sad; Ho uas always feeling heavenly or 'oppos'itcly bad ; In fact, so sympathetic thr-t he either must enthuse Oh have tho dumps; feel ccstacy or flounder in tue blue.s. And when his soul was trulilod he had not the heart to play. But let his head droop sadly down in such a soulful way That every one that saw him declared it was worth twice (And some there were ?ail three times) the lar?" aJmi?sion price; And all were quite unanimous and said it woul l be crude Fcr such a man to fiddle when he wasn't In the mood. Hut when his soul wa fille.1 with jov he tossed his flowing hair. And waved his violin bow !n great circles !n the air; Ecstatically he flourished it, for so his ppirlt thrilled. Thus only couM ho show the Joy with which his heart was filled; And r.o he waved it uj and down and 'round and out and in But he never, never, never touched it to his violin. Kills Parker Butler, in Leslie's Monthly Surfeit of Celebrations. Springtield Republican. Raleigh, N. C..' proposes next summer to celebrate the landing of the original English colony on Roanoko island, oft the

THE MODERN

Id

ECONOMICAL EDWARD GOT HIS

QUIETUS nnco there was a young fellow na Edward who could make a Dollar go as far as the next one. He wore Hand-mc-Downs that looked as if they had been made by a Swell Tailor. He kept his Trousers on Hangers and took such good care of his Wardrobe that a Suit would last him from 3 to 3 Years. He shaved himself and blacked his own Shoes and borrowed a Paper to read. So that although his Salary didrt't make him round-shouldered taking it Home, he was enabled to soak a couple of the Green Kind each Month and was contemplating Matrimony. Edward estimated that two of them could get along comfortably on his Pay without cracking the Nest Egg. In Fact, he had it all figured out. The House Rent would be so much and the Groceries would stand him something, and then he allowed $200 a year for Clothing. He knew thai he could worry along on half of that Amount, and ho had heard that Dresses were Cheaper than Suits of Clothes. One Evening Just about the time when he wap waiting for a Chance to nab the "AIN'T THAT A DREAM?" Girl, he was at the House with other Callers, among them several Women. They were asking the Real Thing about some Finery she had just purchased. She said she knew it must be an awful Kore to Men, but she supposed she would have to show it. So she went upstairs ana" camo back with enough Merchandise to fill one of Wanamaker's Windows. The Women Callers went into Convulsions and the Men looked at it solemnly and said, "Yes, it's Purty." "Ain't that a Dream? asked the Real Thing, holding: up a Picture Hat. "I got that for next to Nothing. lie wanted GO but I jewed him down to 55." "How much did your Tailor-Made set you back?" asked one of the Callers. "Only 350," replied the Real Thing. "My, that's awful Cheap said the Caller. "Yes, and I think it's just as good as the Expensive Kind. Oh, by the way, Tessie, I saw a Boa yesterday that was a Looloo. I'm going to have it, too. The Man wants 200 for it." They were so busj" looking at the new Duds they did not notice that Edward had fallen back in a Swoon. He recovered sufficiently to find his way back to the Boarding House, but he destroyed the $100-a-Ycar Estimate, and the Rtl Thing was never again annoyed by having him call her up on the 'Phone. Moral: There is always one Way of getting rid of him. THE MODERN FABLE OF THE GIRL WHO HAD HER REASONING POWERS WITH HER. A certain hardworking Butterfly who met a Girl in the Afternoon and called on her that livening, had a little System of his own. He believed that the correct Method was to tell each New One all about how "SCAT, YOU TRIFLER!" the Others were crazy to Land him. This would show that he was a Popular Young Fellow' and would make the New One a little more eager to cut the others out. The System worked so well that he used it all the time. He kept his Pockets full of Letters and Photographs to prove that he was No. 1 with at- least a Dozen of them and in order to make it very Strong ho had a few Presents of Jewelry that he would show, under his Coat, when he became very Confidential. North Carolina ecafct. and also tc erect a statue to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the city was named. In 15i the State of Oregon will celebrate the one-hundredth anniversary of the Lewis and Clark expedition across the continent to the Pacific ocean by an exposition at Portland. The proposed Jamestown celebration in Virginia will come in 1907. Including the Louisiana purchase exposition in VjXI, the country is well provided fcr in affairs of this sort for years to come. The Novelist and the Fireman. Philadelphia Record. "My neighbor. Cyrus Towneend Bradv." said a railroad engineer, living nar Overbrook, "has just brought out a railroad story that has some pretty bad breaks In it. I'll only take one. and that i where the hero, a young fellow from Yale, goes and gets a job as a locomotive fireman. Mr. Brauy thought. I guess, that firing was the lowest rung on the ladder, and that any young chap out of Yale could sten right in and nil such a simple job. He was mistaken. Here, now. is how you get to be a fireman in real life, unless you have a big pull. You start as an pn?ln n-r--around the yard wiping off the engine wtin w.iMr. um ynu negin in the plf you get down in the hole and whe the engine's lower parts, those part- "that are invisible. Six months at least you -tay down there before you are promoted. Then you come up out of uie pit and wipe the whet 1 The topmost parts, by the waV, are wiped by the fireman In person. Your new job lasts about a year, and during vour leisure i'Sl! Karn .h0W flfe ar bulIt an banked, and how to mak a shovel of coal fall S lVUpl0 of t of wher you want it to ao. Then, maybe, you arc givei a trial

med .

Ä i r (ft... iii

r q

FABLE OP HOW

5? Said he to himself: "The f hort-vightr I Ixtharlo tits alongside of his Loy-i,,o ami tells her that she is the only o;, j:, the whole Tatch, but I let h r know th.n I am more than Friendly with at hin üv or six. Competition Is the life of Courtship. I play one against another. It's a h.i;:, the Way I String them." It chanced that this Circulating S.iitr one day met a sweet and shaily V. -us and immediately flashed his Date-Bo.. k. "Have you any Open Time?" he al-: I. "Come up to-morrow Evening," sh? replied. "I have another Booking, but I w:;: cancel it." He arrived before she had her Make-Up on. He started early, because he hal ?f much to tell her. She didn't know him very well, so it was necessary to give her a Li:; on his Record as a GIrl-Subdu r. She came down and. he got Busy. He showed her a Ring that had bc.n givrn him one Night in a Boat, and hr l-t hr read part of the Letters to prove that t! called him Darling Roy and he toM h.-w several Weddings had bctn postponed Jn the Hope that he. the Idol of the Ladies ari the Envy of the Men, might chang hi3 Mind. The Girl was Intensely Interested. Ter a Woman to be a Man's Confidant in a throbbing Love Affair is unadulterated feminine Luxury. Along about 11 o'clock he thought he had her sufficiently Enthralled, so he place I himself onxtho Sofa and attempted to take her Hand. "Scat, You Trlfler!" exclaimed the Beautiful Maiden, repulsing him. "No Member of the Tell Club can do the Fondle around thia House. When you get ready to publish your Book on the Confession cf a Male Coquette, you will have to omit the Chapter about Me, because I am not goirg to give you any Souvenirs, or writs you any give-away Letters cr ??r.d my rhata. I have learned to put a Blue Tag on theMan who tells all he Knows." Moral: The Man who tells you about the. Last One will tell the Next One about you. THE MODERN FAHLE OF THE RuTN'D. ABOUT WAY IX AVI I ICH GILBETIT MADE HIMSELF STRONG WITH ALICE. Gilbert was engaged to marry Rcf.nci Alice. Daughter of the Commission Merchant. He was on the List of EHglblcs that every Mother in Town had in her Writing IVk. MADE A RUNNING LCAP FOR HIM. The Tarents on both sides of the Ftnce had given their Consent. All Preliminary had been arranged. There was not a Cloud in the Sky. It was a tame, everyday, colorless kind of Courtship, and that is why it did not suit Alice. She wanted to be Engaged to some en who would Fnd a Secret Message by the. Faithful Servant and then climb a Rc-p Ladder and try to Kis hr through a Screen Window. Her ides, of meeting Lover was to slip out on a Dark Night and find him at the Trysting Place mulüed la a Cloak. There was no particular Excitement in being under Contract to one who came in the Front Way. So she wearied of the Alliance and Gilbert began to hav Visions of himself losing his Number. He knew that she. wanted a Love Affair with a few streaks of Melodrama in it. an I rather than pass up a Good Thing he fixed it for her. He got hr Father into a Poker Party and bluffed him out of his Money and tlu:i joshed him. Alice's Father went home ar 1 said that he had been mistaken in t:.Young Man and perhaps she hul lr tfr call the Deal off. Then a lot of Gilbert's Friends went around to see h"r and thry began to Knock. They told her that Gilbert was an all-night Bat and a Sport, and that he had a Past. "They are trying to Separate u?." f-aid Alice with her Hand on her Hrt. "But Courage! I will be True." Gilbert wrote and said he dared not com? to the House for fear her Father would take a Shot at him, but if th loved him to put a Lamp in the Window and 1 e would be outMdo. in the. Bain u.iitirg o learn his Fate. It was a happy Niqht for Alice. Next day she told her Parents th it ur.y.-s they permitted her to marry the Man cf her Heart she would abjure the World av.d enter a Convent. They yielded, and hc:i Gilbert returned she made a running Lfor him and gave him. the kind of Inception that he had been wanting all th? time. Moral A Woman never Clings until tt? one starts to Pull in tho Opposite Direction. at last as n substitute lireman. Thry r :t you. for your trial, on th heaviest freicM engine on the unc. This engine is bound t be overloaded by about live ear., and th" trip is uphill all the way. You work t shoveling coal as you never worked i' your life before, and the engineer sit hiking down at you with a frown, find hi- language is something awful. But if yo;i'n lucky you qualify, and you become rinally a rireman. Mr. Brady's man. thouch, becomes a fireman in a day." An Artlnt- Scheme. Philadelphia Record. "When people talk about an art that thy are ignorant of. call their bluff." sa:d a painter. "That Is what I did to a man wh used to pout sculpture to me. I f.iked 'in a lot of names and sprang thrn en h'm like this: 'But in sheer beaut v of !ino. yo j know. Donzlnetti even Mirpuses Michael Angelo. Is not that true?' Ther i? th Poizinetti. but the bluffer bit noblv. 'lVnzir.Mti.' he said. Ms one of my Ideal Th. n I wtnt on: l am sure. then, that vou Benvenuto Cinciiotto. Do you remember his Bacchante In the Pitti Pa lac?' "Ah. Benvenuto Cinciiotto! the bluffer crid. 'Whnt ecstatic moments that subtle Pacchanta of his has given me!' 'peter do lbjc. Mon-tagny-Gaudin. Jerome of Salma?idio.' I continued thoughtfully: 'you Know them, too?' 'Do I know them?' said the bluffer. 'Why. Jerome and Hog and MontagnyGaudins wer the masters who first aroustd my love for art.' 1 left this fellow then, and I told my friends how I had duped him. Now. whenever lie appears among us we won't let him tlk about anything but Donxinettl. Cinciiotto. 1 marldlo and Montnrr v-Uaurtlri. Hi vlivi

1 oa them are great."

r t