Indianapolis Journal, Volume 51, Number 28, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 January 1901 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, MONDAY, JANUARY 28, 1901.

THE DAILY JOURNAL . MONDAY, JANUARY 23. 1001.

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Persona sending- the Journal through the mall In the United State should put on an eUht-pagre Piper a ONE-CENT postage stamp: on a twelve or nlxteen-paze paper a TWO-CENT postagetamp. Foreign postage is usually double these rat ex. All communications Intended for publication in this paper must, in order to receive attention, r; accompanied by the name and address of the Writer. Rejected manuscripts will not be returned unless postage Is incloaed for that purpose. Entered aw aecond-ciass matter at Indianapolis, Jno., poatofflce. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the following places: UFAV YORK Aster House and Fifth-avenue Hotel. CHICMCO-Palmer House, P. X News Co.. 217 Dearborn street. CINCINNATI J. R- Hawley & Ca. J34 Vine street. LOUISVILLE C. T. Deerlns. northwest comer of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Co.. 2i Fourth avenue. CT. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot. .WASHINGTON. I. cTRljcs House. Ehbltt House and Wlllard's Hotel. Committees In the Legislature are doing the State good service by reporting back many bills "ought not to pass." ' It will not promote sobriety for bands of zealots to carry on a lawless crusade egalnst the saloons In this State. Lawlessness never helped a good cause. Neely, who has been sent to Cuba for trial, should be a long-time warning to all those who enter the public service with a ylew to swindling the government. There are Cubans who desire independence of the United States until it comes to the tariff duties. Then they desire annexation to the extent of free sugar and tobacco. ' One of the men employed In the! Interest tf Butler (Democrat), whose seat in Congress from a St. Louis district is contested, swore that It was assigned to him to vote twenty men twenty times; yet the Missouri Legislature stands by the law which has made this Infamy possible. The attention of taxpayers In the county Is called to a bill introduced In the Senate last week which makes th salary of the county surveyor $2,800 and the salaries of tho assistants .000 in the aggregate. What are the duties of the county surveyor that fce should have a larger salary than the State superintendent of public Instruction? . The question of an extra session of ConCress should be decided with relation to iiational Interests and without reference to the Individual preferences of congressmen or the supposed Interests of parties. We .Lave reached a point in our national growth when It is necessary to rise above petty considerations of that kind. It is said the House will adhere to Its kill to reduce the revenue, on the ground that It Is a better measure. It certainly Is a better bill than that cf the Senate in that it abolishes stamps or. bank checks. There can be no greater absurdity than to compel anyone to pay two cents on a check for the privilege of paying off obligations by that method. Resolutions of sympathy for the Boers ere as much out of place in the Indiana Legislature as would be a discussion iipon the once prominent dogma of predestination, but If a Democrat In the Senate Offers one it should bo amended by adding a clause denouncing the action of the States which have disfranchised from cne-thlrd to one-half of their voters. The suggestion of salaries for members f the Legislature, instead of a per diem Allowance, although made lightly, is not undeserving of consideration. Several of tbe States pay their legislators annual salaries, and some by the session. New York pays J1.500 a year, Pennsylvania the same. Ohio JG0O a year and Illinois $1,000 a sesien. There are arguments on both sides, tut It Is" not safe to conclude" that the system of limited sessions with per diem payment Is the wisest without careful consideration. Washington dispatches state that mem bers of Congress are divided on the ques tion of the necessity of congressional mctlon on th Cuban constitution. The di vision of opinion seems to be as to whether the constitution formed In the regular way, by a Cuban convention, must bo approved by the American Congress or noL To hold the affirmative of this proposition would bo pushing the theory of American Interli irni r aim ju uirvilDll trijr iar. A nO United States is pledged to establish peace In Cuba and to give the people a govern ment of their own choice, but this does not Involve a revising or an approval of their constitution. We seem to be in danger of claiming and exercising too great authority over Cuba. Of the two bills now before the House to maintain the parity of gold and silver coins that of Overstreet seems best adapted for the purpose. The Hill bill, reported several days ago, provides that standard silver dollars shall be converted Into small coin, while the Overstreet bill authorizes and re-quires the secretary of the treasury to exchange gold coin for standard silver dollars whenever the latter are presented to the treasury In sums of not loss than $50. As the object 13 to establish and fortify the gold standard the Overstreet bill seems preferable because It does this in the simplest and most effective way. Without argument It seems to be clear that the best if not the only way to make the gold standard unassailable and maintain the parity of geld and silver coins is to make gold and silver dollars Interchangeable ty the government at the option of the tzl-tr. This li a simple measure, but it

could be a very efficient one. The currency

bill passed at the first session of the present Congress was excellent as far as it went, but in order to strengthen and clinch the gold standard Congress should pass the new Overstreet bill, thus rounding out Its record on the sound-money question. OF PHKSSIMi 1.1IPOKTASCI2. Upon the recommendation of the Philip pine commission the President has asked Congress to give Immediate attention to providing civil government for those islands. The report of the commission shows that the conditions have so improved that civil, government may be inaugurated. The commission believes that such a change will be followed by the best results. There is reason to believe that the majority of the people are in favor of the establishment of a constitutional government in the Philippines, because they are opposed to military rule and doubtless believe that a government selected by the Intelligent portion of the people of the islands holds out the promise of peace. During the campaign the President and his party were accused of imperial designs by adhering to military rule in the Philippines. Now that the President desires that Congress shall pass the Spooner bill, which was presented at the last session, providing for civil government In the Philippines, these men who have been clamoring against militarism and who have opposed the army bill on that ground have practically given notice that such legislation shall not be had during this Congress. Any body governed by anything like rules to facilitate parliamentary business could consider and pass an act creating civil government in the Philippines in a week. Doubtless the House, under the present excellent rules, which give the majority the power and make the majority responsible for legislation, could rass a bill In two days that would remain in the Senate an Indefinite period. We have an Illustration of this fact in the army bill. The House bill was as effective as that of the Senate, but the House passed Its bill In three days and the Senate took three weeks to reach a vote. The minority in the Senate having intimated that no legislation giving civil government to the Philippines shall be passed during "this session, there is no other way for the President than to call an oxtra session to consider this most important subject. To let it go over until December, when Congress regularly meets, would mean a delay of a year. The situation in the Philippines Is such that there can be no delay. Just now the natives are swearing allegiance by thousands. The drift Is in favor of this government; let military rule give place to local self-government, and the chances are very much in favor of peace. A SCIIE3IE THAT WILL 11CAU WATCHING. The Journal recently noted the fact that a committee of Congress had given a hearing to persons advocating government Irrigation of arid lands in the West and remarked that this might become an issue before long, adding that if the policy was ever adopted It would prove enormously expensive. Since then the evidence has become conclusive a shrewd plan to commit the government to the Irrigation policy and that the plan Is backed by a well organized lobby. As the history of all such movements shows that sooner or later they get into politics, and by the Indorsement of one party or the other become national Issues, It Is well enough to understand the scope of this movement at the beginning. Its possible development may be inferred from the fact that the so-called arid lands now belonging to the government, by which Is meant lands that cannot be successfully cultivated without artificial irrigation, amount to hundreds of millions of acres and lie In ten or a dozen Western States and Territories. An Immense area of these lands is also Included in grants to different railroads. The area of public lands surveyed and subject to entry on June 30, 1S96, was C16,651,8C1 acres, and of unsurveyed land 2S3.3S8.810 acres. A considerable proportion of thi3 comes under the head of arid lands, and as they He in many States and Territories one can readily see that they furnish a basis for a strong combination and lobby. The various railroad companies which hold large land grants would be a powerful factor In such a movement. Hitherto the work of Irrigating arid lands has been done by the various States, some of which have good laws on the subject and have done excellent work In that direction. California, Colorado. Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada. Texas, New Mexico and Arizona have all accomplished more or less in the way of State irrigation. The policy was adopted by the Mormons in Utah at an early day and carried out with great success, making that original wilderness exceedingly productive. Thero is no question as to the great value and practical results of artificial irrigation, the only question being as to the propriety of taking it up as a government work. It Is argued by the advocates of national irrigation that the area of arid or sub-arid lands is too vast and the work of reclaiming them too expensive for either individuals, rrlvate corporations or State governments alone, and that the demands of an increasing population are such as to Justify the government in using Its utmost efforts to extend the area of productive lands. This Is a specious argument, but a reasonable answer seems to be that If the results of artificial Irrigation would b so profitable private capital can be depended on to do the work, if the various States should drop it. If the Mormon3 could reclaim Utah and convert many thousands of square miles of desert into bloominj gardens by artificial Irrigation without government aid why cannot the same thing be done elsewhere? It is believed Congress could better afford to donate all the arid lands now owned by tho United States to the various States in v.hlch they lie, with full authority to each State to enact its own irrigation system, than it could to commit the general government to the policy. Recent events indicate beyond doubt the existence of a concerted plan to accomplish the latter result. Maps have been drawn and circulated showing arid land owned by the government In various States. These maps indicate the location of dams and reservoirs needed for irrigation. Lectures have been delivered exploiting the subject. The river and harbor bill as first introduced in the present Congress contained an appropriation of 100,000 for dama and reservoirs in Wyoming. This" clause was eliminated in the discussion of the bill, but the Indian

bill, yet to be considered, carries an appropriation of $100,000 to "commence" the werk of building a dam on the Gila river In Arizona. It is said if this work Is once begun it will cost a million dollars to complete it. The Insertion of this unusual clause In an Indian appropriation bill is Justified on the ground that the storage of water 13 necessary to prevent certain tribes of Indians from starving to death. In view of the influences that are backing he irrigation scheme this humanitarian argument Is pretty "thin." The river and harbor bill has passed tho House, but it is said an attempt will be made In the Senate to Introduce a clause providing for an engineering commission to make a survey of all available reservoir sites in sixteen States and Territories containing arid lands; this commission to embody the results of its labors in a detailed report for the use of the next Congress, which report shall present plans and specifications, details of cost and results to be achieved. It will be easy enough to make this plan look feasible on paper and to make it appear that it Is the duty of the national government to engage in this work on behalf of the people. These are the first steps In a movement to commit the government to a scheme of doubtful constitutionality and which In the end would prove enormously expensive. It is a scheme that will bear close watching. The bill before the Legislature for the repeal of an old law authorizing townships to vote subsidies to railroad companies to secure construction should be passed. Years ago, when thero wero few railroads and it was difficult to raise money because it was scarce, such a law could be defended, but that day Is away In the past. To-day any proposition to build a railroad that has promise of being a good property will be taken up by capitalists for the reason that capital Is abundant and those who manage it are anxious to obtain paying Investments. Many thousands of dollars of Indiana capital are now being invested in mining enterprises if any scheme to build a new railroad In Indiana offered a fair return, would not those investors in mines seize it? To go to a township for a subsidy at the present time is prima facie evidence that the enterprise is of so doubtful value that shrewd investors will not touch it. Under the old law, upon the petition of twenty-five freeholders in any township, county commissioners must take the matter of the subsidy under advisement, and If they come to the conclusion that the people of the township will receive a benefit corresponding to the amount taken from the taxpayers they shall order an election, and if a majority of those voting are In favor of It the amount voted Is raised by taxation. Of course, county commissioners can refuse to call the election, but they should not be relied upon. Where an election is called a bare majority can vote away the money of taxpayers. In some townships which embrace the larger cities a large majority of the voters pay little or no tax. Controller Johnson is authority for tho assertion that a large majority of tho voters of Indianapolis pay no taxes. Most of the older States have repealed such laws, and a law putting tho property of taxpayers In such Jeopardy should bo repealed here.

The proposition to sell present sites of certain state institutions located in this city should be carefully considered before being decided. The argument in favor of It Is a purely mercenary one. It is based on dollars and cents alone, and the paltry gain that the State could make by selling out I old plants and establishing new ones. Ad mitting the dollars and cents argument, are there not others? The Institutions whose location it 13 proposed to change are educational ones. They are. In a sense, colleges. Who would think of locating a college In the woods? If the Inmates of the institution for the education of tho blind and of the deaf and dumb are wards of the State, Is not the State In honor bound to give them the best available means of education, and are not these to be found in the city of Indianapolis rather than in any smaller town or In the woods? The inmates of the Institute for the Blind depend for their education largely on church privileges, on lectures and on musical and other enlertalnments. These cannot be found everywhere. The State of Indiana is not in such financial straits that it need sell out the interests of its unfortunate wards in order to realize a few thousand dollars on a real estate speculation. Besides, the State owes something to. its capital. Is it not better to maintain the present beautiful buildings and grounds . where they are a source of pride to visitors, as well as of intellectual Improvement to the inmates, than to remove them to some unfrequented spot for the sake of a few thousand dollars, which the great State of Indiana does not need? It is a significant fact that Judge Martin, when he made the commitment papers of the men recently convicted In Bloomlngton of manslaughter, raised a protest against the two years' feature of the Indeterminate sentence. This was because the court and the community believed that the accused were guilty of a graver offense. The Jury seems to have Ignored the evidence, under what pretext it would be Impossible to even conjecture, possibly because the Constitution of Indiana makes the Jury judge of the law as well as the evidence, and to be judge of the law is to make It. While the verdict of the jury had not been rendered, the sheriff had notified the Governor that if the sentence should be less than Imprisonment for life an attempt would be made to lynch the prisoners. The officers ot the National Guard in that city had orders to suppress an attempt on the lives of the convicted men, but they were secretly hastened out of Bloomlngton and taken to the Reformatory via this city. There seems to be- no remedy for Ignorant or dishonesty Juries unless the best men shall be compelled to serve. FROM HITHER AND YON. Gl vine; Hlni the Lnvr. Cleveland Plain Dealer. The Prospective Tenant Hut I don't see how you can like this suite, Jane. Ctere isn't room for both of us to turn around together at the ame time. The Dtrnifled Janitor of the Flat Waltxing in thfc apartments is strictly forbidden, sir. The Only Alternative. Life lie. , - "I do wish you would promise to be an ab stainer." "Couldn't, rr.Vam. Not built that way. Bom In Kentucky, m'am. Have to bo born train, la

Ohio or Kansas, or tome suca place, before I could promise that." For tbe 3!instrcls. Puck. Bones Whar am de safes' place to take a cold? Tambo Whar am de safes' place, etc. Bones Why, to de doctor's, of course. A Relief. Judee. Mrs. Farmer Git out o' here or I'll put a load o buckshot in ye! Chilly Nytes Ah. mum! It's sech a relief ter find a lady w'ot kin talk suthln' besides dress, golf or automobllins! Family Secrets. Baltimore American. "Those people in front of our cage say they are descended from us," observed the First Monkey. "Well," commented the Second Monkey, "We are about the only ones of their ancestors that they would pay an admission to see." TOO MUCH LAW.

A Call for Revision of Some and Repeal of Other Statutes. To the Editor of the Indianapolis lourna!: It would be well if the present Legislature would take some steps to reduce to convenient proportions the statutes of the State. There are at present four large volumes containing between 8,000 and 9,000 sections, very much of which has become legal rubbish, encumbering the State laws with a large number of statutes which, by the lapse of years and change In society and trade, have become unnecessary and a dead letter. Every recurring session of the Legislature Increases this huge bulk of laws, until they will, before very long, become a library of themselves. A Judicious pruning of these statutes would reduce them one-half, and the labor of all those whose business It is to assist in the enforcement of law would be reduced in about the same proportion. We have too much corporation law and too much railroad law, too much law on the subject of taxation, and, indeed, we are overburdened with statutes upon various subjects to such an extent that it entails much labor and research to know what the law is. The State has outgrown many laws that si ill remain on the books, and they should be repealed at once. Take, for Instance, the statute which provides that twentyfive freeholders may petition the county commissioners to order an election in any township to determine whether the township shall donate a sum of money from I1C.U00 to $1(10,000 to some wild railroad scheme. The county commissioners have no discretion In the matter; they shall grant the prayer and order an election. These petitioners may be Joint owners of fifty square feet of land, worth less than $50. Still, against the wishes of those who must pay the tax, these twenty-five Impecunious freeholders can force the election. Then come the promoters, the agitators, who have been furnished money for the- purpose, and if there is a newspaper published In the county It suddenly discovers that tho great and crying need of that township is the new railroad; hundreds ot men who never owned a dollar of taxable property and who, it is safe to say, never will, whose votes and Influence can bo had for a consideration ranging from a dollar to a glass of stale beer, favor the donation; there are others whoso contributions to Improvement are of little consequence, who can always be had to vote onerous taxes upon those who constitute the real taxpayers of the community: and so they carry the election. This statute has outlived Its usefulness, and the necessity for it no longer exists. When the law was passed it was necessary to make such contributions, owing to the fact that thero was a great scarcity of money to build railroads. But in this pge, when millions of money await with eagerness an opportunity for an investment promising 4 per cent., the necessity for donations ceases. Convince capitalists that this or that railway or other improvement will yield a 4 per cent, dividend, and these uninvested millions will come from strongboxes, eager to build needed railroads without subsidies or contributions. The law Is to-day the vehicle of oppression and the means through which promoters and Interested persons who live by solch schemes of doubtful honesty off of the industrious, who have accumulated the property that pays taxes, secure their subsistence. Let the law be repealed, or at least amend It, giving the commissioners the discretion, after a hearing, to order an election or refuse it. Marion, Ind., Jan. 26. JUSTICE. Abollfcn the' Poll Tax. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal. Nothing could be more appropriate than the entire abolition of the, poll tax, which is a relic of former conditions wholly Inapplicable to the political, social and commercial conditions of to-day. Aside from all sentiment upon the subject there stands out this fact, as shown by the books of the auditor of Marion county. About 83 per cent, of those who are assessed for taxation and who do not own real estate, do not pay one cent, whether that assessment relates wholly to polls or to polls and personal property. The practical result of this is the adoption of the single tax theory, however, abhorrent that may be to the true principles of government. There is one feature of this relic of former days that is utterly absurd. It exempts even the wealthiest from poll tax after they become fifty years of age. Very true, in the long run, those who have been Imprudent enough to Invest their savings In a home have to pay the the expenses of the government all the same or lose their homes. The time was when it was considered wise for a young man to lay aside some of his earnings to buy a home, but that time is past. Practically the entire revenue i row collected from the owners of real estate, though not all from real estate, for if a man has real estate he can be compelled to pay his taxes upon his personal property whether It bo little or much. It is hardly worth while to growl about this condition: it is upon us, and there 13 not political backbone enough in any Legislature to wrestle with it heroically, so let us be honest, take what seems to be the contribution from men of means toward the support of the government, and at once place the entire burden upon the real estate or upon those who are imprudent enough to own real estate. The result of this method of taxation is manifest in Indianapolis. Twenty to thirty years ago there were many heroic efforts upon the part of laboring men to own their own homes, and, through the building and loan associations of that period, which were conducted purely for the benefit of the laboring men. with little or no cost for their management, hundreds bought lots and began to build their own homes, but what with street improvement assessments and burdensome taxation which could be enforced by levying upon their real estate, more than three-fourths of these have been abandoned and the little homes which they hoped to obtain have been lost. Very largely this Is owing to the defective system of revenue, which, as I havo mid, resolves itself into the fact thit non! but the owners of real estate piy any taxe3 whatever." About 63 per cent, of the voters of Indianapolis are In the category of non-tax payers, but they vote at the elections and dictate assessments and appropriations. These are stubborn facts which ought to be studied, but wo are hardly In the condition yet to apply the remedy. Industrious, frugal men hare not suffered enough from lt. Ü. L. SEE. Indianapolis, Jan. 6. -What Patterson Did to Tilden. Boston Globe. According to Colonel McClure, T. M. Patterson, who has Just been elected to the United States Senate, was responsible for the defeat of Tilden for the presidency. In 1S74 he was elected delegate to Congress and made a pica to have the Democratic Congress elected that year admit Colorado to statehood. He assured the Democratic members that Colorado was a Democratic State beyond doubt and would give three electoral votes to the candidate for President In 1S76. In the Electoral College the three votes of Colorado elected Hayes to the presidency, although Mr. Patterson himself was seated by the Democratic House. True Enough. Detroit Journal. Mrs. Carrie Nation is simply a reckless and disorderly nuisance who makes a mockery of religion. Were an Anarchist to do what she does he would be held In Jail without balL

RECENT PUBLICATIONS. History of the Thirty-Third Indiana Regiment. The History of the Thirty-third Indiana Volunteers has Just been published, and while it covers the part it took in the civil war also &ives an account of tho greater forces and their movements with which it was connected, that is interesting and in some respects novel. Going into the field In the fall of 1SC1 In Kentucky and reporting to Gen. George H. Thomas at Camp Dick Robinson, which had been but a few days before organized. It became un active factor in the Army of the Ohio, the Army of the Cumberland, and then the army that went with Sherman down to the sea. The story of tho regiment la well told and relates many interesting Incidents not found in general history or tho reports of commanding officers. This part of the army, which General Thomas commanded in 1S61, was stationed in east central Kentucky to intercept the Inroad of Zolllcoffer's rebel army, and did so at Camp Wild Cat, the Thirty-third taking an active part in that fight and bearing tho brunt of the attack.- An incident soon after that Is related illustrating the situation of affairs in Kentucky. It occurred in the camp at Crab Orchard after the withdrawal of the forces which had advanced to London, not distant from Cumberland Gap. Senator Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, spent his time in the camps .on this line and anxiously urged the advance at once into East Tennessee, and so the retreat to Crab Orchard aroused his wrath and he denounced General Schloepf, who had command of the forces which had been halted in the mountains and then fallen back to Crab Orchard. He did so to a crowd of citizens and soldiers in front of the main hotel there. He denounced General Schloepf, who was present, for gross mismanagement Jn the retreat. Schloepf answered with great warmth, and defended himself and General Sherman, who had ordered it. The senator replied in vehement style, and to this Schloepf retorted, which brought an angry dissent from the crowd, many being men ot East Tennessee, upon which Schloepf threatened Johnson with expulsion from the camp. Johnson replied that he was an American senator, and he intended to stay as long as ho desired. At this moment General Thomas came out of the hotel, took Schlepf by the arm, and both, in silence, went into the hotel. Neither spoke a syllable. No mention was made ct it in the newspapers, and Johnson remained some days. The advance to Cumberland gap was impossible then on account of the mud, and tho mountains and unbridged streams. Next spring the army moved into East Tennessee and Cumberland Gap, a gigantic mountain fortification, was captured on the l)th of June, 1862, by a flank movement; and in turn it was 'recaptured by Hank movements In September, lst, by the armies of Bragg and Klrby Smith. The story is told of the retreat of Morgan's army from the gap to the Ohio river, in a march of eighteen days, through the mountains of eastern Kentucky, in the presence of the enemy, In graphic style. After this the Thirty-third was transferred to the main Array of the Cumberland south of Nashville. The bloody and desperate battle at Thompson's Station in March, 1S63, is well described. The rebel forces were found to be in overwhelming numbers when it was too late to retreat, and a large part ot the Union forces having exhausted their

ammunition, surrendered. Being exchanged in the early summer the regiment returned to the front in central Tennessee, and from there advanced Into Georgia, doing gallant work in the Atlanta campaign, and from there marched under Sherman to the sea and to Washington. This regiment took more soldiers into the veteran service than any other regiment in that army, about 450 men and officers. No other regiment in the field from Indiana counted so many veterans as this one. in this history is published the entire controversy between General George 11. Thomas on one side and Major Miller, commanding the regiment, and Colonel John Coburn, commanding the brigade, on the other, in which General Thomas undertook to dishonorably discharge several officers, because they insisted on being mustered out at the end of three years, they having publicly promised the men to do so, to get them to volunteer in Jhe veteran service, and select their own officers. Colonel Coburn Jnsisted upon the conduct of these officers being praiseworthy, and General Thomas ordered their dismissal. Coburn appealed to the War Department, his position was sustained, and the officers were honorably discharged. He denounced the order of General Thomas as cruel and despotic. This regiment had a peculiar history, and it Is well worth reading. The author was the adjutant of the regiment and on duty all the time as a soldier and officer. He is now on duty in a department in Washington. The Religion of Democracy. The author of this work, the Rev. Charles Ferguson, an ordained minister of tho Protestant Episcopal Church, does not distinctly define what the religion of Democracy is, but he makes It qulto clear that, from his point of view, it is something higher, broader, deeper and fuller of all the humanities than the so-called orthodox religions of the present. The book is ono of earnest, deep and advanced thought. Although it leaves the reader with an impression that the author Is grasping after something which he does not quite attain, yet it leaves also the Impression of high aspiration. If not Inspiration. It Is a twentieth century book, discarding the past and old-world achievements and looking to the future and the achievements, the philosophy and the religion of the new world. Such sentences as these show the author's almost savage independence: "The nearest approach to old-time skepticism is made by the straight sect of orthodox theologians." "The multitudinous Protestant and sectarian churches are things of incredible mystification, having but one aspect In common a genius for compromise and selfcontradiction." "The church, as it stand3 to-day. Is not merely a cumberer of tha ground; It is an obstacle to faith and a preventer of goodness." 'The faith of the Protestant, churches verges to infidelity, and the people turn doubting from their altars to cheer in the streets the name of Jesus." The same spirit of independence and protest marks his treatment of social and political problems. Yet all the time there is shown a profound faith in true religion. In humanity and in the future of the race. "The grand event of the century dawn." says the author, "shall be the discovery of America. America brooding in the old-world spell, under fog banks of tradition and habit at last shall lift up its sunlit Sierras out of the mist and stand revealed to Europe and to Itself. This land, America, shall be the land of the Incarnation. On this ground the Ideal Is to come to terms with what is common and matter of fact. Here, on a grand scale, for the first time. labor shall be accepted without shame and death without fear. This shall be the country of material things, the land of the universal sacrament. We perceive that God does nothing for a show, or to prove propositions, or Just to save souls; therefore we shall have no art for the sake of art, we will not be governed by preachirg, and we will do everything for utility, as God does. This shall be the land of ctmroerce and manufacture, the land of money and credit, of the painters of pictures, the writers of books, and the carvers of statues for utility and the sweetening of the earth. We reject Utopias and abstract propositions. We will have no thinkers that do not dig, and no diggers that do not think." As a specimen of epigrammatic style, somewhat after Emerson, take the following: "The spirit of the ae is saying to its children: 'Have faith. Make yourself at home. This is your own house. The laws were made for you, gravitation and the chemical alilnities, not you for them. Xo f-ne can put you out of the house Stand up; the celling is high. It is not so bad to be a materialist. If you keep to the facts you will not get away from God. The rr.oral laws aro not separate from matter. They are wrought Into the fiber of the material world. You cannot dig anywhere without striking them." It may be objected that this Is vague, but the effect of the book as a whole is that of a moral tonic with an abiding conviction that the future success, even the existence, of the church depends upon its adopting the true religion of Democracy. The new church." says the author, "will come out of the old church when the seed U ready for the furrow when a little podoed sect stands ready in Its heart to die " Notwithstanding a rather florid tyie and terns vagueness of conclusions, the book is

a real contribution to twentieth-century thought and progress. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company. The Engineering Magazine. The current number of the Engineering Magazine is uevoted chiefly to "Works Management," and, as befits the magnitude of tbe subject and its manifold phases, the issue is fully three times the usual size, the illustrations are unusually elaborate and the cover is an artistic chef d'oeuvre. Lord Armstrong and his great works at Elswick occupy many pages of type and picture, and many more pages are given to "Enterprises Luilt Up by Andrew Carnegie" and the Krupp estabUshment at Essen and its founders, and George WestInghouse, inventor and organizer, follow In

sequence. Then comes "Employers Interest In Organization," from the pen of Sir Benjamin Browne. D. C. L. In this connection it is interesting to note The Engineering follows the English spelling and makes it "organisation," but then. Sir Benjamin is an Englishman. He was born in 1839 and was educated at Westminster and King's College. London; was apprenticed as an engineer to Sir William Armstrong, Elswick works. In 1836; chairman of a big shipbuilding company at New-castie-on-Tyne, member of the Institution of Civil Engineers and the Institution of Naval Architects; mayor of Newcastle. 1SS5-S7; an able writer on economic questions and one of tne clearest thinkers of the times on existing industrial conditions in England. "Old Trade Unionism vs. Wisely Organized Labor," by George Nlcol Barnes, presents another piece - of Sir Benjamin's subject, and M. P. Higgins presents "Intensified Production and Its Influence upon the Worker." This leads to John H. Patterson's notable article on "Altruism and Sympathy as Factors In Works Administration," which has a local Interest because among all the varied phases presented of social effort on behalf of employes, prominent place is given to the lunch and restroom features of the T. B. Laycock Manufacturing Company's plant in this city. Other noteworthy papers are "The Relation of Steam In Modern Economic Production," "The Differential Piece Rate System." "The Premium Plan of Labor Remuneration," "Modern Foundry Practice," "Management of Mining Operations," "Cost Keeping" and a great array of discussions of more or less technical subjects. The January issue is almost a library In Itself on the subject to which it Is devoted. The Joys of Sport. The author of this little book, W. Y. Stevenson, seems to be an all-around amateur sportsman, athlete and plaj'er of games, and he treats the various subjects belonging to this field in a humorous way. He could not make so much fun out of sports and games if he did not understand them pretty well. For Instance, fox hunting, as viewed from all sides, "from the fox's point of view hunting is great fun." From the dog's point of view, It is "much like the never-ending human search for happiness. He keeps on and on and never gets there." The "only participator in the fox hunt who has no particular reason for enjoying himself is the hunter." Sailing, says the author, "is not an unmixed woe." There Is even sport in automobil rig, particularly with an electric vehicle, though "most ot. your exercise will come when you have got into tho country and the current gives out." Of polo it is explained that "the object of the game, aside from breaking your own collarbone. Is to see that your opponent breaks his," and the chief qualifications for the game are "an unlimited Income "and a thick skull." Other sports and games are described in the same vein. The concluding paragraph on bowling is as follows: "The hardest Job connected with bowling, aside from keeping the beer mugs full, is that of setting up the pins. The boys employed are practically bowling caddies, but. Instead of being expected to go after the balls, as In golf, the balls are thrown at them. And they spend their lives in durance vile, dodging flying pieces of wood as enthusiastically as most of us do the tax collector and receiving all the superfluous bad language that has not been hurled at other appurtenances of this wicked game." The book Is amusingly illustrated. Philadel phia: Henry Adams Company. Expansion of the American People. The author of this book, Edwin E. Sparks, is assistant professor of American history in the University oi Chicago. His object in this work is to portray the process of the gtowth of the American people. social and territorial. Only a thorough knowledge of American history could en able one to do this. In carrying out his plan the author gives greatest prominence to the social development or the people, as Indeed It Is the most Interesting phase of the subject. Our territorial expansion is a more familiar phase and less Interesting. In pursuance of this idea the manner or living, the methods of travel, the modes of doing business, and all the material mani festations of - the social, intellectual and political development of the Nation are graphically described and abundantly Illus trated by means of reproductions of old wood cuts and photographs of every de scription. The book will be found valuable by every person who is interested In tracing the growth of the Nation through all the changes In the life of the people down to the present day. History and anecdote, great events and smarll ones, are interspersed in such a way as to give the book uncommon interest. Chicago: Scott, Foresman & Co. Panama and the Sierras. This is not so much a book of travel as it is a record of the Impressions of a traveler. The author. Dr. G. F. Lydston, of Chicago, is a physician of high standing and known as a writer and lecturer on. medical topics. As a means of recovering from a severe Illness and for recreation also he took a trip across the isthmus of Darlen and through some Interesting Spanish-American countries, and this book Is a record of his experiences and observations. As already stated it is not a book of travel in the ordinary sense. The reader will seek in vain for those data and statistics which most travelers consider necessary to completeness of the chronicles of their itineraries. The volume contains merely the Impressions of a close observer of men and things with a keen eye for the beautiful, the romantic and the ridiculous. Tbe author has a fluent style, and out of seemingly meager materials has made an entertaining book full of odd personal experiences and amusing anecdote. Chicago: The Rlverton Press. Snnlty of Mind. It Is not often that one meets with a work which combines scientific mastery of a large and abstruse subject with perfect clearness and simplicity in treating it to the extent that this book does. It is comparatively a small volume, but is very full of information of the suggestive kind. Its author Is Dr. D. F. Lincoln, of Boston, a medical authority and writer of high repute. In this work he treats of the conditions of mental sanity or soundness and of the means to its development and preservation. Among the different phases of the subject treated are heredity, degeneracy, education, effects of over-study, neurotic tendencies in childhood, diet and regimen, necessity of occupation, custody o? the feeble-minded, restrictions upon the marriage of defective persons, etc. These and other phases of the subject are treated lu a way calculated to interest general readerH as well as students of mental phenomena. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sens. Ilnslneas Law. This is a book of law. yet scarcely a law book In the usual sense of that term, r.s applied to an exhaustive treatise cn some particuiar branch of law. The ohject of this work, which is comprehensive without being voluminous, is to present the !ementary principles of law relating to the more common business transactions In a style so clear from technicality that they can Ix readily understood by irsons unused to legal phraseology. The author. Thomas It. White. Is a member of the Philadelphia bar and lecturer on law in the University of Pennsylvania. He has stated the fundamental principles of business law very clearly and made a book that could be conveniently used in schools and colleges. Nc:w York: Silver, Burdett & Co. For the Liberty of Texas. This Is a new story for boys by Capt. Ralph Bonehlll, popular writer of Juveniles. The history of Texas and her struggle for liberty la unlike that of any other State in our Union and reads more like a romanc

than a statement of facts. It abounds with dramatic features. Primarily it did not form a part of our war with Mexico, but it led up to It. A territory Immer.e In size, originally little better than a wilderness; a territory successively occupied by French, Spaniards, Mexicans and Americans, the home of bloodthiisty Indians, wild animals and noted desperadoes, it furnishes abundant materials for fiction as well as for history. For the Liberty cf Texas" is a tale complete in Itself, but it forms the first of a line of three volume to be known under the general title of "Mexican War Stories." It is a gxd book for boys. Boston: Dana Estes & Co. A White tiunrd to Sntau. "I have oft bethought me lately cf those curious events which came to pass with us at King's Creek In the summer of that troublesome year 1C7C." Such is the own

ing sentene prefacing the quaint little tale entitled "A White Guard to 8.tan." by Alice Maud Ewell. The young girl. Elizabeth Godstowe. tells the story of the defeat of Sir William Berkeley at Jamestown in an attractive bit of autobiography. Her description of the imposing figure of the Indien queen of Famunkey, her girlish impression of the Governor, and the little feminine touches lighting up the historic scenes, all give the book a realistic atmosphere. Published by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. At Odds with the Resent. To any one who wants a well-written story, which will make him oblivious to T-cst. present and future for the time being. "At Odds with the Regent" Is recommended. The plot Is laid In that time of plots, the regency of France, when the Due d'Orleans is regent and when the Duchess De Maine is head and front of the Cellamare conspiracy. There are no feats too Impossible and no walls too high for the two young heroep, the Due De Richelieu and Jean dc Beaucas. The author. Burton Egbert Stephenson, Is a graduate of Princeton, '24, and his book promises much for him in the future. Published by -the J. B. Lipplncott Company, Philadelphia, Lord LInlltbffow. In "Lord Linlithgow" Morley Roberta gives the world a book entirely different from his former successful novel. "The Colossus." This story Is one dealing with the present political and social life ia Lcndon. The limited number of characters and the consequent simplicity of thi plot is much to be admired, for all of the people are interested in the one issue of the story, which Is the acquisition of certain letters of great political import, and which the party led by Lord Linlithgow must obtain before the approaching general election. The book is well worth reading. Published by Harper Brothers. New York. Comfort and Eierclie. "Comfort and Exercise, an Essay . Toward Normal Conduct," is a comforting little book to read, for It gives many valuable hints as to how and where our present complicated system of living may be simplified and made easy to us. Among other chapters those on "Comfort in Dally Life, ' "Comfort in Education" 8nd "Comfort In Dress" are particularly helpful and interesting. Many a tired house mother will be benefited by a rest on a couch for half an hour with this book, and will feel l!ke thanking the author, Mary Perry King, for her helpful and restful suggestions. Published by Small, Maynard & Co., Hosten. 3Iadaiue Bohemia. Whether "Madame Bohemia." by Francis Nellson, Is the first attempt of the author or not, it certainly appears to be. The story, laid in New York, deals with musical people and their ups and downs; and endeavors to portray the artistic tcmpermenL "Madame Bohemia" is an ex-concsrt singer, who sacrifices everything to an ungrateful stepson, who fancies himself a composer. The writer would better study, not only human nature, but the very rudiments of literary composition before attempting so ambitious a thing as a novel, l'ubllsht by J. B. Lipplncott Company, Philadelphia, Current Periodicals. The publishers of the . World's Work proudly announce that the issue of that magazine for January was exhausted before all new subscriptions were filled. LIppincott's Magazine is running a series of very clever college stories. The one la the February issue relates to Pennsylvania University. Some reminiscences of Lincoln, by Charles Pomeroy Button, who was a lieutenant of Douglas, are of Interest. Among the features of the February Issue of McClure's Magazine will be a study of Richard Croker, by William Allen White, some recollections of John Wilkes Booth, by Clara Morris, and a paper by Prof. Ira Remsen, entitled "Unsolved Problems of Chemistry." The -complete novel in this month's "New" Lipplncott Magazine is by the author of "With Sword and Crucifix." Edward S. Van ZHe, It Is an amusing tale. Lipplncott publishes a good many excellent stories In this way, some of them meeting with special success later In book form. Albert Bigelow Palne's "The Bread Line." for Instance, made Its first appeaiance here. Brander Matthews Is not a success as a story writer, but when he talks about the English language he is on his own ground, being a professor of English In Columbia University. Therefore, what he has to say on "Questions of Usage in Words," Ir. Harper's Magazine, is worth reading. Unlike most teachers, he Is willing to allow a latitude of speech beyond the limitations of the text-books. Gilbert Parker Is offering something unusual in the way of fiction In his serial, "The Right of Way," now running in Harper's Magazine. The theme is an original .one, but not the least charm of the tale Is the literary handling. The firmness of touch, the closeness with which he keeps to his subject, with no digressions for mere effect, but every word and line having its use In the development of plot or character, are a delight to readers who have grown weary of the "slopplness" and looseness of construction of so many of the current novels. The second and last installment of Booth Tarklngton's story, "Cherry." appears in this number. It is an amusing study of an egotistical pedantic bore, and the fact that he is put bac'.i Into the eighteenth century does not remove the suspicion that the author has met with his counterpart in this present day. The Eclectic for February opens wllh the complete text of Lord Ilosebery's recent rectorial address at Glasgow University, upon "The British Empite." which has attracted wide attention abroad by its literary qualities hardly less than by its iolltical timeliness. Another Important political contribution Is Signor Crlspl's review of Italian affairs "After Eighteen Years." which is translated from the Nuova Antologla. Some Interesting views of the causes wh!ch led to the preservation of the foreign legations at Peking are prM?nt:d by the Rev. Roland Allen, an English ml'slonan', who was among those who went thruugh the horrors of the 'rge. An nrtlrle ra'W'd "Disillusioned Daughters'." in which certain aspects of the woman question are considered; an essay by the Hon. George C. Brodrick ujon the English "A Nation of Amateurs:" an account of "Strinitz and Other Chess Players." by Antony Gurst, are among the other featurvs of the number. Published by the Living Age Company, Boston. The bst thing in Scrlbner's Mag?zlne fnr February !s the first Installment of Mrs. Gilbert's stage remlni-ccnccs. She has not writte n then hern If. but has related thrrn to Caroline M. Martin, who ha reproduced them in the Urft person with the pleasant effect tf a direct conversation. Mr Gilbert's theatrical career has b;n leng and she ha known all the celebrities cf sixty years. Her tirst Ftage cjrpcrincc wan in England, but consisted mahily of (lancing.in which the had been trained. She and her husband, while she was still very young, took the American fever, and through the urgency of friends went Into the wilderness of northern Wisconsin and Invested their small capital. It was a poor investment and they soon found their way to Milwaukee and returned to their profession, Mr. Gilbert being also an uctor. and both played for some time in a theater of that city, receivlrg $ a week each. In 1SC1 they first Wen to Chicago. Until lSvi they spent their time in the Wtit. playing in Chicago, St. Louis. Cincinnati. Cleveland and Louisville. They were in the lastnamed city when tho war broke out. Thrt