Indianapolis Journal, Volume 50, Number 336, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 December 1900 — Page 16

CENTURY OF TOLERATION

HEVIKW OF PAST AND IIKCCXT IIIS TOUY OF IlKLHilorS LIDC11TY. FroBTTe of Toleration In Uwrope 3Ien Who Hnre Contributed to Thl aioTement rrcuent Situation. S The history of religious liberty la a Ions and irloiious record of human striving after a precious and God-piven right. The heroes of this noblest freedom do not all .belong to the nineteenth century. Socrates died a martyr to intellectual liberty; Jesus Chrit taught principles which involve the facred rights of corwienc; Paul exercised a glorious liberty in preaching the doctrines which libvrate the soul. In the first three Christian centuries the church, speaking through Justin Martyr. Tertulllan and Lactantiu. proclaimed the right of every man to worship according to his" convictions. Constantlne put forth the toleration edict. After the long night of mediaeval intolerance came the dawn of religious liberty, which, however, did not reach high noon at once. Erasmus fought priestly Intolerance. Giordano Bruno was a martyr to the rights of conscience, the founders of the Dutch republic achieved both liberty and toleration. Jeremy Taylor, Milton, Locke. Roger "Williams are namfs not to be omitted from the great 5tory. Cromwell befriended the persecuted Jews. The Mohammedan Akbar was a grand exception to Moslem intolerance. Lesslng. In his "Nathan the Wise," Voltaire in his fiercer way, wrought much for the spirit and practice of toleration. Jefferson and Madison are great names In the history which records how the American Republic established Itself on the rock of religious freedom. Napoleon became. In a measure, the emancipator of the Jews. But if we contrast present conditions with those prevailing in most civilized lands at the beginning of the century we shall see that or.e of the marked features Of the last hundred years has been the wondrous gTowth of the idea of liberty of conscience. In arguing with those who oppose toleratloB, Profes?or Bonet-Maury, of the Protestant faculty, University of Paris, In his just published and very Important "History of liberty of Conscience in France, from the Edict of Nantes to July, lSTV rightly says: "They forget that men's beliefs are tho fruits of liberty, and that the disposition to Impose on men by force any sort of faith is to attack the divinity of conscience and to outrage the majesty of the divine Image which Is within us." lie has very clearly exposed the errors of those who fight the rights of conscience. Their first error Is psychological; the notion that philosophical or religious beliefs depend directly and exclusively on the will; and, secondly, the theological error; the notion that diversity of religion Is a fault or a transgression of the divine will. VERDICT OF THINKERS. Most thinking men have come to realize that toleration Is a word representing an Imperfect spirit in regrard to the rights of the human mind. Governments which may tolerate would seem, to reserve the right to persecute. "The most despotic governments are tolerant towards subjects who are too numerous or too useful to be killed or exiled." But toleration Is a stepping stone to liberty. A sensible man, acquainted with the facts, can fall to realize that the wide growth of toleration is ono of the most Important facts of the century. Wherever we look, whether to Russia or to Italy, to Germany or South Africa, to Great Britain or China, to France or Austria, we behold the area of toleration, and hence of religious liberty, widenIn?. In the German empire the progress of toleration has been conspicuous, so that, according to Dr. Schaff, the great Teutonic realm "id committed to the principles of religious liberty and equality as much as the United States, and can as little interfere with the religious convictions and the exercise of public worship, or deny to any citizen his civil or political rights on account of his religious opinions." By the treaty of Westphalia, in 161S, religious equality was granted to tho Catholic and Protestant churches, but although this limited toleration was not approved by the papacy, and although the Papal Syllabus of 1S61 condemns religious toleration among the eighty heresies of the age, the Cathollo Church has widened in Germary the realm of Its Independence. In the long struggle between Bismarck and the Pope the papacy triumphed, and deserved to triumph. If wo- must qualify Dr. Schaff s contention that Germany is as free religiously as our own country it would be by recalling- the fact that the Jesuit were driven out of German territory in 1S72. The claim is made, however, that this was an net of self-defense against political agitators. ELSEWHERE IN EUROPE. In Austria the history of religious progress, beginning in ISIS, culminates with the law of 1S;S, which granted full liberty of religion, but a liberty limited to the churches recognized by the government. Whether that freedom Is enjoyed or not depends largely on the sentiment of the local authorities. Toleration and freedom have still other victories yet to be won in Austria. In Italy the Waldenscs were emancipated in th.it year, ISIS, which marks a new era of religious progress throughout Europe. The constitutions granted at that memorable epoch guaranteed the free exercise of divine worship. Since 1S70 the free Italian churches and many others have sprung into life and a new leaven is working for the emancipation of tho Italian mind. In Spain religious liberty dates its feeble beginnings from 1SS. Concessions arc neutralized by certain restrictions, for the constitution of 1S76 limits the liberty of those who are not Catholics to worship In private bouses. Switzerland comes nearest to America In religious freedom. In France the Catholic, Protestant and Jewish churches have been rlaced on a level before the law. The right of assembly and teaching is legally unquestioned, and Protestant missionaries are able to go everywhere in France und carry on their zealous propagandist!. But the spirit of persecution Is not dead in France, as is shown by the recent fierce agitation against the Jew?, and a very large number cf earnest clericalists are opposed to the free spirit of the third republic. The alphabet of toleration Is yet to be learned by some of the leading ecclesiastics of France, ivno regarded with tierce disfavor the proportion to hold a second congress of religions in Paris. It was their antagonism which prevented Its accomplishment. And yet. Professor Bonet-Maury sums up his history with the statement that "Since the Edl:t of Tolerance of Eouls XIV, In spite of some offensive returns to the gloomy Idea cf religion In the täte, the hj.irlt of tolerance, or better, of respect for liberty of conscience, has grown." "Violent prooJurtl by civil powers against individuals cr societies on account of thtlr philosophical or rcliclous belief have become inoiv ar.d more rare." In Holland and Scandinavia, even vt:h church tatabtiahmems, perfect religious

equality Is enjoyed. And by the Treaty of Berlin, 1STS, the Sultan's government vis forced to this position that in no part of the Ottoman Empire shall difference of religion bo alleged against aViy person as a ground for exclusion or incapacity as regards the discharge of civil and political rights, admission to the public employments, functions and honors, or the exercise of the various professions and Industries. 'The outrageous persecutions which have fallen upon the Armenians In contravention of this treaty, and which the powers of Europe failed to prevent and punish, are among the burning shames of a century which won many victories for the right of rights. TOLERATION'S WIDEST DOMAIN. The British empire I am now speaking of what lies beyond the British Islandsis the widest domain cf tolerance on which the sun shines. That empire has been called the "hugest outstanding parliament of religions now existing, in the world." In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the Dominien of Canada, and throughout the broad and populous peninsula of India full liberty of conscience and all -the rights of spiritual freedom are enjoyed. When we look at England Itself we are compelled to remember that her great act of religious freedom is the act of toleration of lns!, and that this Is not an edict of liberty. Englishmen at that time did not believe In religious freedom. But inevitably that act of toleration led to a large enjoyment of the rights of conscience, and during our century its benefits have been extended to Unitarians, Catholics and Jews. The disestablishment of the Church of England In Ireland was a great step in the right direction, and with the surely coming disestablishment of the church in Scotland, Wales and England the area of liberty will be enlarged. It may be :iiat practically there is as rmich spiritual free

dom In Great Britain as in America, but the non-Conformists are discontented "with their etatus of legal and social inferiority," and, furthermore, the subjection of the established church to the state appears to many a transgresplen of the law of liberty established by Christ himself. The area of toleration has been enlarged by the official action of China in granting to the different European nations the right of sending Christian missionaries, not only to the port cities, but to the Interior of that vast empire. The Chinese government has given repeated assurance of Its belief that the doctrines of Christianity and the practice of them wer for good. The recent fanatical uprising of those who hate all foreign Influences will not permanently diminish the area of religious liberty In the far East. No sensible man believes that the Christian nations will permit any abrogation of rights guaranteed by international treaty. In Mexico religious tolerance Is a part of thg new life of that prosperous republic, and even in priest-ridden South America the rights of non-Catholic citizens have received' new guarantees, or have been acknowledged for the first time, In Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and elsewhere. N n LIBERTY'S TRUE HOME. America is the great home rot so much of toleration as of true ' liberty. In the United States the government has no authority to interfere with religion. The fullest liberty is possible only where the church and state are separate. From the beginning of our organized national life this separation has prevailed and been the fundamental law and practice of our country. Here the Jews have had freedom and have been treated with a friendliness never elsewhere shown to them. America is the standing reply to those who believe that religion needs the support and guidance of the state. Christian progress in our country has been more rapid than the progress of the population, and It is as true to-day a3 when De Tocqueville wrote that "There Is no country In the whole world In which the Christian religion retains a greater influence over the souls of men than In America." , When complete religious liberty exists toleration becomes not a. legal, but a mental and moral, condition. It Is a state of mind, and the most remarkable advance has been in the kindlier feelings between men of various faiths and various divisions of the same faith. James Grant Allen, in his "Reign of Law," recalls the time in the last century when Christians used to throw live snakes Into the assemblies of other Christians of whom they disapproved. Snake-throwing has disappeared. Occasional acts of intolerance occur, but are opposed to the almost universal sentiment of tho country. Blsotry, or the worship of one's own opinions, is giving way to charity. Pulpits are exchanged to-day by representatives of various denominations. Eighty years ago such interchange was scarcely known. The Unitarians have accomplished a large work for the spirit of true tolerance. Men who are pronounced in their church preferences are pleading with more and more earnestness for the co-operation of denominations. Church comity Is coming to be a fact. Men are seeing that Presbyterianism, for example, is much smaller than Christianity; that Congregationalism Is not the holy Catholic Church. With Christian large-mindedness we are learning to love the virtues and achievements of other denominations. The rise of the Young Men's Christian Association, tho mighty evangelistic work of President Finney and Mr. Moody, the marvelous growth of the Christian Endeavor societies, all have had a powerful Influence In pron oting fellowship, and hence, in breaking down tho spirit of intolerance. The next great step of progress will resemble the political change which came over our country when the colonies having common interests became federated. Federation precedes cither unification or wide and generous co-operation in many things. MEN WHO HAVE HELPED. Those who have contributed to the world's rrogress In religious liberty during the century now closing are a nble army, working in various ways und in different lands. He who writes the stcry of the century in this realm of progress must tell of James Madison, the chief advocaie cf the first amendment to the Constitution, declaring that "Ccrgress shall make no law rejecting any establishment of religion, or prohibiting tne free exercie thereof." He must tell of tho work of Channing, Theodore Parker, Emerson, Lyman Beecher, Bushneil, Henry Ward Beecher, Phillips Brooks, Charles A. Bnggs. Francis E. Clarke and John Henry Vincent. The historian will not forget Max Müller i ml his great work for Comparative Religion and the humanizing of the churches ir. their attitude toward non-Christian faiths. He will tell of. what olaclstone. Macaulay, .Tennyson and Dean Stanley T.-rought In England for the enlargement of mental freedom. Coming to Franco ho will speak of Madame de Stael. Gulzot, Athanase Coquerel, ar.d Jules Simon. He will rot fcrget John Frederick Gberlin, the model pattor, the friend of Catho'Ws and Jews, and "he champion of love ns greater than zeal. He will not forget the Persian sage, the Moslem reformer, Beha Allah, who tausht his people that all nattonj are cne and that all men are brethirn ard ihat the bonds of unity houM be ?trenKthencd between those of various faiths. Probat ly in no other country than America could such a congress of religions have been held as that which va the crovinlnff feature of the Columbian fair.

Tty that remarkable gathering the bounds of brotTerhood and of true toleration, wer-3 enlarged. Catholics and Protestant3 for the first time, in a great assembly sat together for seventeen ftijrs In "the spirit of fraternity and kindliness. The representatives of the great non-Christian faiths were treated with perfect courtesy and illustrated the spirit of coutesy thsmflves. Many Christians learned a newlesson, following the teachings of S'r Monier Williams, not to shut their eyc3 to any truth or- virtue which may be" found In non-Christian characters anl non-Christian writings. Mr. Mozoomdar has recently written with great appreciation that the attitude of Christen missionaries toward Hindu prophets and Hindu ..fMths shows less and les$ of the old-time polemic intolerance. It may' take generations before' the other reoples reach the height vhich America reached in 1S03, but iio one doubts that stich a height, which now looks lonely, will yet become a tableland on which the nations of the earth shall assemble. ; ' JOHN HENRY BARROWS, LL. .IX, . . President , of Oberlin College. . Oberlin. Ohio. ' - " LIBRARY SCHOOLS. : '

Four of Them In the United States Their Requirement.Herbert Putnam, In the Independent. In the United States schools have been In operation for thirteen years past whose purpose is definite instruction In library economy. The first of these schools, and in a sense the parent of all, was that established at Columbia College in 1SS7, and later removed to Albany, where It now flourishes as "the New' York State jJibrary School." Its prescribed course 1s of two years, with an optional third. One-third of this course is given to cataloguing; the remainder to classification, processes of bookmaking. bibliography, the history of literature and of libraries, special branches of practical administration and miscellaneous topics. The thesis required for a degree Involves original Investigation, and the degree which Is given la that of bachelor of library science. The Albany school Is but one of four now in successful operation which undertake to carry the student through a lengthy period of study, the other three being the Pratt Institute School at Uropklyn (founded in 1S'J0. the Drexel Institute at Philadelphia (founded in 1SU2), and the University of Illinois (founded at the Armour Institute in 1SI3 and transferred to the University in lh'Jl.) The course at Pratt' and at Illinois is of two years; that at the Drexel one. In addition, systematic instruction in Ubarary work is represented in the United States by short summe 'courses' at several places Amherst, Mass., for instance (a six weeks" course), and. .Madison, "Wis.; in each case in connection with tho local library. : There, have also been established at various American colleges and universities courses in bibliography. But the professional library schools offer a training the more effective ln',that they are In each case" mantained In connection with a well-equipped, well-organized library in active, operation. Their students are thus set at -practical work. In this the system' Is distinctly an advance' upon any yet adopted abroadwhether It be the theoretic Instruction without thepractice, or apprenticeship without systematic instruction. The schools offer definite experience, which many deem itself the best training, and they add (what cannot pe obtained in any one library') a comparison of various systems. Their Ultimate effect should be to establish a standard of training for library work." Their "present defect of study while they agree In the subjects of study requisite, they differ both in their requirements for admission and in tha amount and character of work required for graduation. At Albany and at Champaign (University of Illinois) the equivalent of two years of undergraduate college work (supplementing a high school diploma) Is a prerequisite to entrance. But at Brooklyn and Philadelphia only a hlch school .course Is required, while at the summer schools the preliminary education demanded is of the slightest. In the larger schools, however, there is a constant endeavor to raise the entrance requirements. At Brooklyn, for instance, a. competitive examination eliminates the least well equipped of tho applicants, the total number presenting tnemselves being several times in excess of the possible accommodations. Until, however, the requirements shall be made more nearly uniform the degrees or diplomas of the schools will not have equal significance. And until a baccalaureate shall be required for admittance the schools cannot rank as do the, 'professional schools in law, medicine or theology. For the basis of 11 technical training should be a good general education, and of the training for library work at least a Rood knowledge of history and of general literature, a particular knowledge of English literature and a reading knowledge of at least two foreign languages preferably French and German with Latin also If possible. These are indispensable to intelligent service In a library. They are all to a. certain extent taken account of in the requirements or curricula of the library schools (In addition also" that very useful brancji or foliage of knowledge entitled "general information.") But they should be universally prerequisites for entrance. It is to be hoped that in time advanced studies in the liberal arts will be a requisite, as on the continent they are held to be for even the apprentice service. For library work mere learning Is not education, but as little is mere training. The s-ervice of the schools has been to recognize the advantage of systematic training. for library work, to prove that this may be furnished in organized courses, and to furnish it in greater or less degree and at small cost. Their success has been to attract to the study of library science young men and young women but particularly young women of good general education and of aptitude, and to" supply trained workers to libraries in need. The four larger schools have thus far graduated over five hundred students, the majority of whom have readily found employment at salaries ranging from '$7oO to $1,000 a year. Over a hundred of them are In conduct of libraries (mostly small libraries) as librarians in chief. The total number does not go far to cover the necessary service of the S.000 libraries of the Union. But it b obvious that as new libraries are established, tr a revision undertaken of" the personnel of the old. the disposition will be to give preference in the appointments to the graduates of the schools; and they must necessarily be preferred for the position requiring technical knowledge in classification and cataloging, for example. Preferable. Boston Herald. A French doctor recommends as a cure for a cold snuffing the fumes of cologne poured on a handkerchief, for two or three minutes repeatedly, as soon as the first symptoms are noted. Some think the smell of whisky poured under the mustache is just as efilcaclous. ff The First Snowfall. Tfce snow had b-cain ?n the gloaming. And busily all the night IIa het-u boating field and highway With a silence deep aad white. i:vry rlne Rnu" flr an( hemlock Wore ermine too dear for an earl. And the poorest twi on tha elm tree Was ridged inch deep with pear!. From sheds new roofed with Carrara Came Chanticleer's muffled crow. . Th Jtl!T ratl! were poftenM to swansdown. And still fluttered down the snow. I HtooJ and watched hy the window The noiseless work of the ky, And the sudden flurries of snowbirds, Like brown leaves whirling by. I thought of a mound in sweet Autura Wh-re a little headstone stood: How the flake were loldtng- It (rentljr. As did robins the babes in the wood. Up Hoke eur own little Mabel. Saylnjc: "Father, who makes it mow? And I told of the frood All-Father Who cares for us here below. Asaln I looked at the Fnowfall. And thoupht of the leaden sxy That arched o'er our first fcreat sorrow. When that mound was heaped so high. I rememtr the rradual patience. That fell from that cloud-ilke mow, FUke by flake, heallnsr and hldintr Th tear ofr our deep-plnse-d woe. And a?a!n to the iMM I whispered : Th . snow that husheth ail. Darlinff. the merclfnl Father Alone can make it fall." Then, with eye that mw not. I ktsed i?er, -And she, klsslnt; back, could not know That my kiss was riven to her sifter. Folded clos under deepening now. JazSts Russell Lowell

A MEDICAL MISFORTUNE

TIIRCATEXKD CLOSING OP THE ''HARVARD VETLIRIXARV SCHOOL. Lack of Fund Slay Drlnj? to an End the Leading Veterinary Inatltution of the Country. BOSTON, Dec. 1. The corporation of Harvard University has been obliged to announce that, cn account of a lack of sufficient endowment to carry it on, the School of Veterinary Medicine, which was established in 1SS2. and which since that time has led in the development of veterinary science in this country, must be discontinued. It is not always understood that the wealthiest university Is the one which has the greatest demands upon Its resources, or that the funds which makj so impressive a showIns .in its treasurer's reports must In almost all cases be applied to certain specified ends. Thus the 'Harvard authorities, in spite of the fact that they have been able during the past few months to see their way clear to determining on an investment of nearly $1,000,000 In land and buildings for other departments of the university, are unable to maintain any longer from their general resources the annual deficits of the Veterinary School. It is notable that Harvard was the first college In the country to recognize veterinary medicine. The dean of the school. Dr. Charles P. Lyman, who was called from the agricultural bureau in Washington when the school was organized eighteen years ago, explains in a interview the conditions of the science then and the changes which have taken place since, as follows: "When the school was first organized, the corporation thoroughly understood that a high-class school in biological science could not be made self-sustaining through fees from . students, but did expect, by showing through their action that they believed there was a real value In veterinary, medicine, to draw the attention of donors to It and ultimately long before this to receive the necessary endowment. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENCE. "When this school was established, all the veterinary teaching in this country was In the hands of private schools, which maintained a course of study extending over not more than eleven months of total residence. There were no admission examinations, and instruction was given almost entirely by lectures. Since that time matters in this direction have been so much changed that now all of the veterinary schools are maintaining graded courses of three years, covering a period of residence of from eighteen to twenty-seven months, guarded ' by fairly good, and, in some cases, exceedingly good admission examinations; and two other universities, Pennsylvania and Cornell, have added departments bf veterinary medicine. "While so much has been gained, largely through the example set by Harvard, there Is still very much more to be accomplished before the original object, of this school can be fully attained. But there Is every reason for believing that if means can be furnished which will enable the school to pursue its policy to the end, that the profession of veterinary medicine in America can be placed upan an entirely scientific plane and among tho sciences which contribute, not only to the preservation of a considerable amount of property, but also among those whlc.a help to guard and preserve mankind against disease. It is within common knowledge that much of . the advancement which has been made in the direction of preventive and" curative medicine has been made through a study of disease processes in the lower animals. This study is really In its Infancy; and it Is felt that its further evolution can at any rate be be aided largely through a more general scientific study of those branches whih now xist under the general heading of veterinary medicine. HOPES OF THE FUTURE. "It was hoped by the organizers of the school that there might be gradually brought about a condition of study of these matters that would attract the attention of men of equal education with those new entering the professions of medicine and law; It may rather confidently be said that if, during the next eighteen years, this school can be maintained In its course and as much accomplished as during the past eighteen years of Its existence, its object would be fairly reached, and men will have been created who are capable of demonstrating that a useful science exists where before no more than a simple art was practiced." Previous to 1&03 the Harvard Medical School, Dental School and School of Veterinary Medicine were each governed by a separate faculty. A year ago, however, this method was changed by a vote of the corporation, so that now the three schools are brought together under the charge of a single faculty of medicine, which has supervision of the degrees of doctor of medicine, doctor of dental science and doctor of veterinary medicine. In time it had been hoped to bring the Veterinary School Into even more direct connection with the other two schools, the three retaining their Individuality, but all combined a single great medical department, with ample grounds, convenient buildings and systematized staff of Instruction. It Is understood, indeed, that the necessary land for such a department has already been secured, and whether the Veterinary School is discontinued or not, the Harvard Medical Department may be taken as an assured fact. HUMAN AND VETERINARY MEDICINE. But it is recognized by the university that such a department requires roi completeness a strong veterinary school. As Dr. Lyman said in an address given a littlo while ago: "It is manifest that early medicine could not have existed, at the time it did, in so perfect a condition had its study been confined to mankind : alone. It is equally obvious that modern medicine also owes a considerable dabt to the animals. But is their service in this direction ended? If we reason from analogy this question can easily and at once be answered in the negative. This answer accepted, another important question immediately arises, viz.: What method can next be adopted to insure further benefits to medical science? The answer to this question Is not so easily made; but If experience and history are to supply Its solution it must be by, the continual study 0 phenomena presented by both mankind and animals that Is, through the continued and closer study of comparative med-' icine. Heretofore, and since the renaissance, this study has been carried on by two separate bodied of- the students of medicine the human practitioners on the one hand, the veterinary practitioners on the other. Individuals from each side have contributed their mlta for the benefit of the other and for the good oi suffering men and animals. . ; "An accepted proverb, that has again and ugaln proved its own truth under all conditions, Is that in unity there is strength. May It not be that thU Is the true sola-

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ti ti ft'1 at: The Ho ti ft ft ft &' Itf "4 1 tion of our question? It certainly must be true that men who are drilled to study the expressions of health and disease in mankind alone, are not so well equipped as they might be to roap the full benefits of their subsequent observations upon animals, either in health or disease. It must also bo true that those who are trained as veterinarians only are not in a condition to realize fully the meaning of certain phenomena in mankind that pass before them from day to day. It has already been discovered that some diseased conditions of animals may give rise to distressing maladies among mankind.' These have been discovered by men who have been trained on one or the other side that is, partially trained. Is it not likely, at least, that through the observations of individuals, who havo been fully trained, new and unthought of beneficlent results may be obtained?" SITUATION AT HARVARD. The university is not withoiU hope, of course, that the necessary money for carrying on a school which la capable not enly of furnishing euch high scientiiic results, but of developing a body of trained I-rcfcsblonal men whose economic services to the country could hardly be overestimated, will be procured from the friends of the science and of the college. The vote of the corporation was that notice be giver 4,that no new students in veterinary medicine will be received by the university until further orders of the president and fellows; that the instructions to the students now in the school shall be completed so far as any of them may desire, until the entire course has been given, that is. until June SO, 1D03, although the free clinic as now carried on at 52 Piedmont street Is to be closed immediately." Although recognized by veterinarians everywhere as the leading school of the science in the country, and the one to which the present development of veterinary medicine in the United States Is largely due, the Harvard school has never been pecuniarily cn anything like an equality with many others that can be mentioned. Abroad tho great veterinary schools are largely maintained in connection with the military service or the government departments of meat inspection In the civil service, and accordingly receive large government grants. In this country the New Tork school has received 5173,000 in endowments, and has 523.000 a year from the State; while besides public grants, the department of veterinary medicine of the University of Pennsylvania has received nearly 5160,000. An important point with the Harvard school is the extent of its clinic. It maintains two hospitals; the free clinic alluded to In the vote of the corporation and the regular hospital in Village street, in this city. Last year there were 5,637 cases treated In the two, a larger number than anywhere else in the country, and nearly if not quite equaling the number In such great clinics In Europe as that of London. When it is remembered that the excellence of veterinary instruction depends largely upon the number of cases which the students are able to examine under the guidance of their Instructors, the Importance of the Harvard School will be at once apparent. A Sous of Two. Tjit niht I dreamt this dream: That Love waa dead; And as I slept, forgot of man and God, That other dreamless Wp of reat, 1 h?m a footstep on tbe iwl, As of one passing overhead And, lo! thou. Dear. dUst touch me oa tha SA5Uig8"VVhat Bhan i writ against thy name That men should ueel" Then quick the answer came. "I waa beloved of thee,"' ; Arthur Eherturcd Uardjr,

THE

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rate and unique. fl-5X). You must

ETCHINGS ENGRAVINGS

to delight the connoisseur have leen added to our tock. For the selection of such pictures you require a little lime, and this is the best week. Prices ranging from 0 to $100.

dollar. ENGLISH PICTURES colors and oils by with us, many being A rarely beautiful

FINE STATUARY

unique. Many rare, odd pieces in figures and busts, such as are not shown elsewhere in the city. Small ones fell for as low as $3. We have a' large variety at from $10 to $20, while the finest and more massive pieces are priced up to $150. We mention specially a line of dainty and unique small Vienna colored bronzes of animals notably popular for the cabinet.

Lieber Company

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Scientific Education in Dentistry Our Operator have had the Advantage of it, a well a Tear of constant practice Every Pcientlflc point known to Hie practice of Dentistry is nt our coimiiiuul, and is utlll ized to insure Absolute Palnl' Operation A .riui. painstaking Ktudy is made in every case, with a view of pivlng lasting satLfactiou. Uiihcult practice in Itridce, i ruwu ami IMate Work Solicited.

A Good Set of TEETH for

All Work Guaranteed In Writing for Twenty Years. OPEN EVENINGS UNTIL 7:30 O'CLOCK. SUNDAY, 10 to A.

Lady Attendont,

Union Painless ' Dentists

Ground Floor. SOLID GOLD BROOCHES Set with..;. DIAMONDS, VKAKLSand OPALS. ..... $5 to $100 Must be seen to be appreciated. Bernloehr, Jeweler, 139 East Washington Street. 1 Mother's Friend does away with the fiufferln of childbirth. It is a t.enetratinpr liniment tobe used externally. Itcausesthe muscles to expand ana gives them elasticity and strength for the coming ordeal. Mothers who have used it consider it as necessary as the food they eat. It is utterly impossible for it to do harm, as in the case of medicines taken in. ternally, and the good it has done for other mothers, it will do for vou. Get Mother' Friend at the dreg store. 81 pr bottle. TIS EUCnUD GOATC2 CO. AtUU. Go. Write for our free illustrated I PHYSICIANS. DR. C I. FLETCHUR, RESiDENCS-ioa North Pennsylvania street. OFFICE 713 South Meridian atrt. OAca Hour it to 10 a. m. : S to 4 p. ra.; 7 to 1 p. m: Tlgpbone Offlc. 07; retldenco. iZJ. Dr. W. B. Fletcher's SANATORIUM Mental anil .Nervous Diseases. Ill NORTH ALABAMA STREET. DR. J U. KIRKl'ATIUCK. Diseases of Women and ths llectam. PILES cured by his sf and easy method. rCs ettecticn freia bux!ne:x, OCc, SI Eait Oila.

Store

I 5 X There's but one logical place in this city to buy mirrors, and that that is at Lieber's It doesn't maVe anv difference how diminutive or t 3 Our Engraving and Etching Cases have not been neglected during the past year, and many choice and sometimes rare proofs Old Ivnglisu sporting and coaching pictures are here in abundance. Many of these fine old colored pictures jre out of print, some are very rare, all of

them exceedingly interesting and especially suited for the dining room and ball. We have them in long, narrow, dark Flemish frames, ranging (framed complete) $3, $150, $6 and up to $15.

Large and small real bronzes from Paris and Vienna, the centers for these artistic ideas. Exceptionally fine electric light pieces, novel and .1 X X X 4 A 4 4 4 '-5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Gold Crowns ....$3.00 qfe Ilridgc Work $3.00 Torcelain Crowns,$3.00 Fillings 50 Gormnn Spoken.

Corner Market and Circle. East of Monument.

Bargains in Furniture Davenports Rockers Bookcases Ladies Desks Morris Chairs Sideboards China Closets An' all kinds of couches of our own manufacture. Fine upholstering Is our fj-f cially. Iske Bros,, 205-207 East Washington Street, OPPOSITE COURTHOUSE. INDIANA NATIONAL BANK (Fireproof Euildlnf -) . Snfo Dorolt Vnult fsk - VALUABLE JEWELRY. SILVERWARE. riv&te va.vr should, tor otviou ra-n. t r kept in a nafetj" dro?tt vault, under on-' ice ana Key. a year ravs Icr a Lex. a i bulla convIontiaL Not a Pipe Dream r.ut a coM, Lanl UcL "We use tach L'ch gru-ia material, emj loy rnoli feklllful workman la our -work, that our riumr. Ins aad Gas Klttin? will bear comparison with the bofeU VTMt f of you is fclmrly n V Tfrtunltr to prove our chilnn for cJttrtenoy la thc lino. C. ANESHAENSEL & CO. 29 -33 East Ohio Street.

C . 1 -4 ft . . fl If I