Indianapolis Journal, Volume 50, Number 318, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 November 1900 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL WEDNESDAY KOTEMBEK 14 1900.

THE DAILY JOURNAL

WKDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1000. Telephone Call (Old and New.) Eu Iness Office.. ..23H Editorial Rooms... .81 terms of sliiscriptiox. ET CAUniEIi INDIANAPOLIS and SUDURUS Pally. Su.niay Included. U cents per month. Daily, without Sunday. 4) cent i-tr month. Sunly. without Lilly. 2.6 ier year, fe'inglo coj ies; Dally, 2 cent; Sunday, 5 cent. DY AGENTS EVERYWHERE: Pnilr. per ww-k, 10 cents. Iaily. fcun.iay Included, per week, 1j cents. fcuuday, jr I.sue, j cent. BY MAIL PREPAID: Dally edition, one year $"') Dally and Sunday, one year üunday only, on year 2.CQ ItEDUCED HATES TO CLUDS. Weekly Edition. Cn copy, one year 0 cents Five cents per month for periods less than a year. N'a subscription taken for less than three months. REDUCED RATE3 TO CLUB3. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or send subscription to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolls, Ind. Person sendincr the Journal through the malls In the United states should put on an eight-page paper a ONE-CENT postage stamp: on a twelve or sixteen-page paper a TWO-CENT postage etamp. foreign postage la usually double these rates. All communications intended for publication in this paper must. In order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the writer. , Rejected mancr!pta will not be returned unless postage Is inclosed for that purpose. Entered a second-class matter at Indianapolis, Ind., postoQce. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the following places: NEW YORK Astor House and Fifth-avenue Hotel. CHICAGO Palmer House. P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street. CINCINNATI J. R. Ilawley & Co., 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE C. T. Deering. northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Co., 2C6 Fourth avenue. 8T. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C Rlggs House. Ebbltt House and Wlllard's Hotel. The Journal's Redaction in Price im PERMANENT. A wrong impression seems to prevail among certain of the subscribers to THE JOURNAL, namely, that the recent reduction In the subscription price of the paper was only temporary, and that a return to former rates would take effect when the campaign closed. This is an error. The present published price of the paper will be permanently maintained and its high standard will in no way be impaired. Send in your subscriptions to us at the published rates or have the paper delivered to you by our agent in your locality. Morocco, It appears, must foot Its bills. The temperature predicted for Indianapolis to-day should stimulate every legitle mate effort to ascertain whether the city's supply of natural gas can be increased. It is not unjust nor unreasonable to demand that a corporation doing business under a valuable, franchise from the city shall comply with its contract and keep faith with citizens. There is one satisfaction for people living outside of Pennsylvania they need not try to master the Ins and outs of the Quay and anti-Quay senatorial wrangle unless their tastes run that way. The role of Sphinx la a new one for Mr. Bryan. He probably never was silent as long at any one time in his life as he has been since the recent election. He is waiting for things to settle down so he can get the ear of the public. A meeting has been held at Lexington, Ky., to form a Confederate veterans' association and exclude all who voted for Yerkes In the recent election. That kind of proscription is an excellent way to make Republican votes. The Illumination and other gayetles which marked the closing of the Paris exposition could not have been much enjoyed by tho bankrupt concessionaires who allowed their Imaginations to run away with their judgments In making contracts. The ephemeral character of such men as "Golden Rule" Jones in politics is shown by his utter failure to help Mr. Bryan, whoso cause he espoused. His following of 50.OO voters In In Ohio wtms to have vanished in the 70,000 plurality of McKinley. Representative Gamble, of Yankton, S. D., is said to be the probable successor of the pestiferous Pettlgrew la the United States Senate. II Is a lawyer by profession, served two terms in the state Senate and two terms in Congress, and is a strong and popular man. It is said the forthcoming annual report of tho first assistant postmaster general will contain the draft of a carefully prepared bill for the general reclassifying and increase of the salaries of postofflce clerks. This Is something the clerks have been working for many years. It will be noticed that the newspapers so busily engaged in making presidential ap pointments on their own responsibility are the ones which boast of having "a better understanding of the functions of a newspaper" than anybody else on earth. The President, for on-, is not likely to agree with them. President Haner, who has been trying the experiment of living on 13 cents a day. may learn something to his advantage by consulting with Mr. Holley, of Brazil. Ind., who for four months has spent on his food but cents a day. Still, to the average person with good arpetite it would seem that Holley could not have been enjoying a very full dinner pall. A Chicago paper publiches a map show ing the westward movement of the center of population by decades. According to this map the relation of Chicago to the center of population 1 much more Important than that of Indianapolis, which Is more than a hundred miles nearer the center. A map of the modesty belt would show th'it the city by the lake 1 not in it. Of course there can be no war betwtcn the United States and Morocco, but con tlnued refusal by the latter to pay a Just Indemnity for the killing of an American citizen by a Moorish mob may call for a naval demonstration to bring that govern mnt to terms. It would not b the first time that the United States has had to call

one of the Uarbary States to account. The war with Algiers and Tripoli, which began and ended in 1S13, furnished some of the most brilliant passages in our naval history.

Tili: SITl'ATIOY IX KKVTL'CKY. The new situation in Kentucky presents some encouraging features and some that are rather disappointing.. The encouraging features are the steady growth of Repub licanism in the State and of a popular sentiment In favor of fair elections and an honest count. The statements of those who are In position to know leave no doubt that in the recent election the Republicans car ried the State by safe pluralities both for President and Governor, and that they were counted out by frauds which can be established beyond question. It is humiliat ing and exasperating to have to submit to such an outrage for the second time, but in view of all the circumstances submission is probably the better course at present. "With the Goebel law still In force, and the Goebelltes in control of the political machinery. the returning boards and the courts the Republicans would not stand the slightest chance of success In a contest on the State election. As Chairman Combs says in his dignified statement, "There is no tribunal to which we can appeal with any hope of an impartial hearing." This being the case, it would be unwise to inaugurate a contest which could not possibly succeed and which might lead to another deadlock such as re cently convulsed the State and disgusted the country. There are times and circumstances when the ultimate triumph of the right is rendered more certain and perhaps accelerated by temporary submission to injustice. By submitting to a great wrong for a second time the Republicans will strengthen their case in the next election and increase the probability of the complete overthrow of Goebellsm. Meanwhile, it is encouraging to know that the deter mination of the people to have their rights and fair elections is growing at a rate that insures its early triumph. As Chairman Combs very truly says: "As long as we can show a substantial growth of strength in behalf of the great principles for which wc are contending, wc may look forward with abiding faith in the power of the people to govern themselves." It is only a question of a short time when Goebellsm in Ken tucky .will be overthrown, and with a fair election and an honest count the State will have a Republican Governor. "What has been said applies to the State election. As for the presidential election the hope has been expressed by some that Congress would refuse to count the vote of Kentucky for Mr. Bryan. There is no possibility of this being done. Under the law of 1S87 tho question of rejecting the electoral vote of a State can only be raised if there are two sets of electoral votes certified by two rival Governors. If there is only one electoral vote and that one certified by the de facto Governor of the State, Congress has no discretion in the matter, and the vote must be counted as certified. As there is but one Governor in Kentucky at present, and no possibility of two sets of electoral votes coming before Congress, the question as to accepting or rejecting the electoral vote which will be certified byGovernor Beckham cannot even be raised by Congress. In these circumstances there seems nothing for the Republicans and antl-Goebel Democrats of Kentucky to do but to accept fhe present situation and bide their time till the next election. -With light breaking in Central Africa and China, and with justice steadily advancing throughout the world, even Kentucky must emerge before long from the political darkness of Democracy and Goebellsm. WILL CIIIXA Sl'IIMlTf Negotiations between the powers as to the punishment to be imposed on China have reached the point of an agreement on the main features, as follows: China shall erect a monument to Baron Von Ketteler on the site where he was murdered and send an imperial prince to Germany to convey an apology. She shall Inflict the death penalty on eleven princes and ofiicials already named and suspend provincial examinations ror five years where the outrages occurred. In future all officials falling to prevent anti-foreign outrages within their Jurisdiction shall be dismissed and punished. Indemnity shall be paid to the states, corporations and individuals. The Tsung LI Yamen shall be abolished and its functions vested in a foreign mlnlstrr. Rational intercourse shall be permitted with the Emperor, as in civilized countries. The forts at Taku and other forts on tho coast of China shall be razed and the importation of arms and war material prohibited. Permanent legation guards shall be maintained and also guards of communication between Peking and the sea. These are only the main points which It is said will be pressed upon China "as the basis of a preliminary treaty." The amount of indemnity and other important details are to bo left to future negotiations. The general principle of war indemnities Is that they shall cover the actual war expenses of the victorious power or powers, including the cost of maintaining armies of occupation pending the negotiation of peace. This would mean the payment of several hundred millions of dollars by Cliina. Other points in the foregoing agreement are evidently intended as a salve to German pride and dignity and a humiliation to China. A Chinese prince who should convey an apology to Germany could never live in China again. His "face" Would be hopelessly gone forever. Any prince sent on such a mission would probably commit suicide after completing it, if not before. The eleven imperial princes on whorn the Chinese government is to be required or asked to Inflict the death penalty are the most powerful men in the empire. All of President McKinley' Cabinet officers and three or foiir leading United States senators or Governors of States are not more prominent and representative American citizens than Princes Chuang. Tuan, Li Tsai Lien, Tsal Ying and the others whose execution is demanded. The list also includes General Tung Fu Svang, commander, of the Chinese army. What will the reply of the Chinese government to these demands be? Admitting that they are Justified by circumstances, though such an admission waives the question of the rights of the Chinese to occupy and govern their own country free from outside molestation or interference but admitting that they are Just, they are very severe and humiliating. It Is very doubtful if China will comply with them or If all the powers combined can compel her to. She may pretend a willingness to accept them or to negotiate on that basis, but the chances are that btcretly she will spurn each and every one of them and end by a determined effort to drive the allied armies out of China. The demands of the powers are unwisely framed. Even" if Just, which Is doubtful, they show a lack of tact and

ignorance of the Chinese character. If the powers proceed on this line they will probably find their troubles in China have but Just begun. They forget that they are dealing with a sleeping giant instead of a helpless babe. WITH AXD WITHOUT MAX. A mere newspaper must necessarily approach the complicated subject of women's clubs with hesitation, but in response to an inquiry concerning the difference in character and standing of the two organizations, the State Federation of Clubs, now holding its first session at South Bend, and the Indiana Union of Literary Clubs, the Journal will make the matter plain to the best of its ability. The union is an organization which has been in existence for ten years or more and includes in its membership a large number of the women's clubs of the State as well as several clubs having a mixed membership and a few having only men as members. The union has been very harmonious and is said to have been successful in carrying out tho purposes of associationwhatever they may be. Into a discussion of the purposes and the utility of such organizations the Journal does not care to go; It undertakes only to state facts as Jhey have been presented to It. This union, it appears, was in existence before the National Federation of Women's Clubs was thought of. After the formation of the latter the union was Invited to become a part of it, but the inclusion of men in Its membership made it ineligible, and nothing further was done, the union being entirely satisfied with its own position and willing, under the circumstances, to remain out of the federation. Leaders in the national body, however, wished to have Indiana represented, and at their suggestion steps were taken to organize a State branch, and several clubs not in the union accordingly formed an "Indiana Federation." Its membership is comparatively small, and It is in no wise so representative of the club movement in Indiana as is the union, but it was recognized by the National Federation at its Milwaukee meeting last summer, and is therefore representative of that body's aims and policies. Resolved into its simplest elements the trouble is not with the woman, but with the man in the case. One organization has him and prefers to keep him; the other is without him and does not want him officially speaking, that is to say. Under the circumstances It would seem that all concerned ought to be happy, but the Journal Is informed, on what appears to bo good authority, that such is by no means the fact.

A BASELESS ASSAULT. Prof. J. Lawrence Laughlin, of the Chicago University, set himself up for a target by assailing tho public school system. He declared that "the influence of the public school system of the United States on our political and social conditions is practically nil." and goes so far as to say that "all this talk about the beneficent results of our system of free schools in making the laboring classes more efficient industrially Is mere humbug and balderdash." It is to be feared that Professor Laughlin, who has rendered the country an invaluable service as one of the pioneers against bimetallism, has not preserved his equilibrium. Months ago his utterances regarding the occupation of the Philippines were those of a wild man, and now he declares that the public school system, which is the result of study and experience of so many able men and women. Is of no value. The public school Jj by no means perfect, but in a generation It has become a system out of which a better is being worked out by a much larger and possibly better educated class of people than are connected with the universities. If this is not the case, the defect is to be attributed to universities, from which the most of the directors and teachers of the public schools have been graduated. If what Professor Laughlin says is true, how docs ho account for the fact that the skilled labor of the United States, with its higher wages and better machinery, is successfully invading the markets of the world to an extent that European competitors ere more than apprehensive of the outcome and have set themselves to investigating the causes of our success? When an English expert who has investigated American machinery at the Parid exposition for the London Chroniclo say. that the causes of American superiority vie technical education In the United States and the fact that "the accomplished operative mechanic is a person of consideration and importance in the United States," there is reason to fear that the distinguished i professor has not kept up with tho progress of his own country the past twenty years, during which period it has forged to the front as the most skillful of industrial nations. Twenty-five years ago a class of learned men labored to make the American people believe that this country could never hope to attain the highest position in the Industrial art3. Some of them appear not. to have discovered their mistake. For this wonderful progress the public school system must be given much of the credit, and now that manual training is becoming a permanent feature of the system of public education greater progress may be confidently expected. The Baltimore Sun, now that Bryan is safely out of the way, has space to spare for more weighty matters, and devotes nearly two columns to learned dissertations on the desirableness of turkey the bird, not the country the near approach of the twentieth century and fashions in science, all of which may In? expected to act as a sedative on the rufiled spirits of the unterrliled remnants of the terrapin Democracy without in any way offending their amour propre. s It is thought by some who are conversant with Kentucky affairs that the election of Judge O'Rear to the Court of Appeals, making that tribunal stand four Republicans to three Democrats, will insure new trials in the cases of Howard, Youtsey and Powers, charged with complicity In the. Goenel murder. Judicial decisions should never go by party lines merely, but in this case there is abundant reason to believe that the defendants have not had a fair trial. The very serious and alarming condition of United States Senator Davis, of Minnesota, is a matter of national concern, for be la one of the ablest men in the Senate. His present illness Is acute nephritis, or inflammation of the kidneys, aggravated by blood poisoning which began with a trifling injury, to his foot. Senator Davis served two years in tho civil war as lieutenant in a Wisconsin regiment, and his friends say

he has never fully recovered from the hardships of the service. Thla sudden foretaste of winter mus; tring to every sympathetic mind a thought of the unfortunates who are not prepared for the cold and are unable to provide themselves with the necessities and comforts of life. Children and aged persons in particular call for pity. All such persons have an opportunity to manifest their sympathy in a practical way by patronizing the Flower Mission fair now in progress. The Indianapolis public does not need to be told how great and deserving a charity is the Flower Mission. The hospital for children, the fresh-air station, the hundreds of homes where its members have entered and ministered to the sick and suffering, have spoken for themselves. Its funds are expended with care and wisdom, but In no year do they equal tho needs, and each year as the city it creases in population the demand upon It becomes heavier. Whoever contributes to the Flower Mission even the small profit upon one article purchased at its fair is aiding a good work. Detroit Is still struggling with the timo question. The effort is being made to recognize officially standard time Instead of local or sun time, but so far the City Council has been obdurate. Advocates of the sun time system evidently cherish the belief that by the proposed change an additional half hour somehow becomes incorporated in the day, and they protest against the necessity that would be involved of working half an hour later at night. Others object to changing their habits of life all over to suit the clock. Time and some other things move slowly in Detroit. . The weather bureau is undoubtedly a good institution for many reasons, but the fact remains nevertheless that since its establishment the public suffers twice over with cold once when the cold snap is reported to be coming, and again, though often much less, after it arrives. All accounts, public and private, agree that Lieutenant Colonel Russell B. Harrison performed tho difficult duties of inspector general of United States volunteers In Cuba and Porto Rico with great efficiency and in a tactful way which met with general approval. He was. an Indiana man in the right place. Persons desirous of joining the party of the discontented under the leadership of an unappreciated statesman who has been there should communicate with Hon. Richard Franklin Pettlgrew, Sioux Falls, S. D. BUBBLES IN THE AIR. Autumn Pain and Joy Now, gray November, thou dost say Alackl That April's fled away and coming back. Art vs. Business. "That author tuod me." "What for?" "He claims that his portrait I patnted made tho sale of his books fall off." A Deep-Seated Injury. "Cordelia has never forgiven us for not going out there that nlzht when we said we would." "Majbe she bought Ice cream and cake. Demonstration Xot Complimentary. Actress I'll not play another night in the came cast with that man. Manager Has he been rude to you? ActressEvery time he has to kiss me in the plaj he makes a face at me. That Made It All Right. "I told'Miss Jibbs that ! was afraid of her sense of humor and caustic wit." "What did she say?"

"Well, hhe Indirectly gave nie to understand that my teeming to like her so well was what made her so light-hearted." ' Footnotes. The only time a pessimist enjoys life is when he is telling other ieople that he doesn't enjoy it. Man often lovc3 nature because It seems rearer to the Creator than human nature. Years reconcile man to gray hairs; and gray hairs reconcile him to his years. There are queer days in lifo when everything we touch tceir.s to fall over or tumble to pieces. Truth has abandoned the contract of trying to be stranger than modern fiction. When a woman meets an old sweetheart she isn't so curious to see how he looks as she Is to know how he thinks Fhe looks. The man who marries a school teacher loses his old-time privilege of calling somersaults "scmersets." When a man gets to the postofHee on Sunday he meets' all the peoj.le whom he wouldn't have suspected of colng to the postoftice on Sunday. NATIONAL W. C. T. U. Cnll for the Twenty-Seventh Annual Convention nt Washington. CHICAGO, Nov. 13. Mrs. L. M. N. Sevens, president, and Mrs. S. M. D. Frye, corresponding secretary, have issued the following call for the national convention of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union: "The National Woman's Christian Temperance Union is hereby called to meet in its twenty-seventh annual convention at Washington. D. C, Nov. 30, to continue in session until Dec. 7. Last year we were the guests of the far Western State of Washington, suggestive of the fact that our organization had, in the first twenty-five years of its existence, spread into every State and Territory in the Union, and swept across the great waters Into almost every civilized country in the world. This year we are to be entertained in Washington, D. C. the central point of government power in our great republic, and thus typical of the solidary achieved by our organization and its consequent power for good if rightly directed. It is significant that Washington will mark the first milestone In our second quarter of a century. "The time as well as the place of our meeting is significant. It is the month of a presidential election and the week of the opening of a United States Congress, in both of which we have intense Interest, but. In the words of Miss Wlllard's convention call for 1SÖ6, we shall meet, not as a political party, but as those to whom politics seems a sacred duty; not as financiers, and yet as those profoundly interested In finance; not as statesmen but we trust as stateswomen the women of a great nation, baptised with a mighty earnestness, endued with a clear vision that enables us to see that, whatever else the Nation and individuals constituting that nation may need, the primal note Is applied righteousness. "Already It Is known that a large num ber of States have made a great gain of 500 or more members during the past year, The activity of State officials, organizers and other workers has never been surpassed, and never have the hearts of the White Ribbon women been more closely knit together, nor more fully set to do pood. They have learned to magnify, not the size of the giants or the lions by the way. but the greatness and the goodness of the Father of us all. "We ask universal observance of the day of prayer. Friday. Nov. SO, to the end that we may have a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of tire by night, not only at the convention, but during the entire year. Old Creed flood Euoutch. NRW YORK. Nov. 13. With a majority of one vote, and that the vote of the mod erator. the New York Presbytery decided that the Westminster confession with Its doctrine of predestination was good enough to remain as the creed of the Presbyterian Church. The number of votes cast was 142. of which 10f were recorded as votes of clergmen and thirty-three as votes of eld ers of the church.

CAREER OF LINCOLN

ADDRESS BY AMBASSADOR JOSEPH II. CHOATE AT EDIXRLIICÜII. Interesting: Review of the Life of the 3Iartyred President and Ills Services to the Nation. WELL DECEIVED BY SCOTS WHO AlTLAl'DED THE KLOQCKXT UTTER AXCES OF THE SPEAKER. Personal Reminiscence Related liy Sir. Choate, Who Knew Lincoln Over Forty Years Affo. EDINBURGH, Nov. 13.-Joseph H. Choate, United States ambassador to Great Britain, this evening delivered the inaugural lecture at the Philosophical Institution of Edinburgh, taking as his theme, "The Career and Character of Abraham Lincoln." Lord Rosebery, who presided, introduced Mr. Choate as follows: "Mr. Choate is one of that choice succession of men whom the United States have sent to this country. He has endeared himself to us in a remarkable degree by his brilliant and genial qualities. For his discourse he has selected one "of the most interesting subjects within the range of possibility, the great man whom he personally knew in the flesh Abraham Lincoln." Mr. Choate was given a Scotch welcome on arising to speak. In the course of his address he said: "I offer no apology for asking your at tention to Abraham Lincoln to his unique character and the parts he bore in two. mportant achievements of modern history: the preservation of the integrity of the American Union and the emancipation ot the colored race. During his brief term of power, he was probably the object of more abuse, vilification and ridiculo than any other man in the world: but when he fell by the hand of an assassin, at the very i moment of his stupendous victors', all the nations of the earth vied with one another in paying homage to his character; and the thirty-five years that have Flncc elapsed have established his place In his tory as one of the great benefactors not of his own country alone, but of the human race. Fiction can furnish no match for the romance of his life, and biography will be searched in vain for such startling vicissitudes of fortune, so great power and glory won out of such humble beginnings and adverse circumstances." Mr. Choate then told of the squalid Ken tucky home In which Lincoln was born, of the difficulties that beset the pioneer in the then Western wilds and of the rude society In which the boy grew to man hood. Next he recounted the circumstances of Lincoln's fiatboat trip to New Orleans; the family s removal, on his return, to Illinois; his participation in the Black Hawk war and his election to the Legislature after an unsuccessful attempt at storekeeping, and continued: "At the age of twenty-five he became a member of the Legislature of Illinois, and so continued for eight years, and, in the meantime, qualified himself by reading such law books as he could borrow at randomfor he was too poor to buy any to be called to the bar. For his second quarter of a century during which a single term in Congress Introduced him into the arena of national questions ho gave himself up to law and politics. In spite of his soaring ambition, his two years in Con gress gave him no premonition of the great destiny that awaited him. Y'ear by year his knowledge and power, his experience and reputation extended, and his mental faculties seemed to grow by what they fed on. His power of persuasion, which had always been markedwas developed in con genial questions and subjects. Little by little he rose to prominence at the bar, and became the most effective public speaker in the West. Not that he possessed any of the graces of the orator, but his logic was invincible, and his clearness and forco of statement impressed upon his hearers the convictions of his honest mind, while his broad sympathies and sparkling and genial humor made him a universal favorite as far and as fast as his acquaintance extended. LINCOLN AS A LAWYER. "These twenty years that elapsed from the time of his establishment as a lawyer and legislator in Springfield, the new capital of Illinois, furnished a fitting theater for the development and display of his great faculties, and with his new and en larged opportunities, he obviously grew in mental stature in this second period of bis career, as If to compensate for the absolute lack of advantages under which he had suffered in youth. As his powers enlarged, his reputation extended, for he was always before the people, felt a warm 'sympathy with all that concerned them, took a zealous part in the discussion of every pu'olle question, and made ills personal influ ence ever more widely and deeply felt. "In those early days in the West every lawyer, especially every court lawyer, was pecessarily a politician, constantly engaged in the public discussion of the many questions evolved from the rapid development of town, county, state and federal affairs. Then and there, in this regard, public discussion supplied the place which the universal activity or the press has since monopolized, and the public speaker who, by clearness, force, earnestness and wit, could make himself felt on the questions of the day, would rapidly come to the front. In. the absence of that immense variety of popular entertainments which r.ow feed the public taste and appetite, the people found their chief amusement iu lrequenting the courts and pubhc and political assemblies. In either place he who impressed, entertained and amused them most was the hero of the hour. They did not discriminate very carefully between the eloquence of the forum and the eloquence of the hustings. Human nature ruled both alike, and he who was the most effective speaker in a political harangue was ofien retained as most likely to win in a cause to be tried or argued. And I have no doubt in this way many retainers came to Lincoln. Fees, money in any form, had no charms for him In his eager pursuit of fame he could not afford to make money. He was ambitious to distinguish himself by some great service to mankind, and this ambition for fame and real public service left no room for avarice in his composition. However much he earned, ho seemed to have ended every year hardly richer than he began it, and yet as the years passed. 'fees came to him freely. Ono of 1,000 is recorded a very large professional fee at that time, even in any part of America, the paradise of lawyers. I lar treat stress on Lincoln s career as a law yer much more than his biographers do because in America a state or things ex ists wholly different from that which Dre vails in Great Britain. The profession of the law always has been and is to this dav the principal avenue to public life: and I am sure that his training and exrerlence in the courts had much to do with the development of those forces of Intel lect and character which he soon displayed or. a broader arena. "It was in a political controversy, of course, that he acquired his wide reputation, and made his deep and lasting impression on the people of what had now become the powerful State of Illinois, and on the peo pie of the great West, to whom the po litical power and control of the United States were already surely and swiftiy passing from the older Eastern States. It was this reputation and this Impres sion and the familiar knowledge of h!$ character which had come to them from his local leadership, that happily Inspired the people of the West to present him as their candidate, and to press him upon the Republican convention of 1SG0 as the tit and necessary leader In the struggle for life which was before the Nation. That struggle, as you all know, arose out of the terrible question of slavery and I must tiust to your general knowledge of the history of that question to make Intelli gtble the attitude and leadership of LIncoia as the champion of the hosts of freedom in- the final contest. Nepro slavery had been firmly established in the Southern States from an early period of their his tory." PERSONAL REMINISCENCE. Here Mr, Choate reviewed the history of slavery in the States, from its introduction In lCttTin Virginia; discussed the attitude of the framers of the Constitution to

slavery; considered the legislation undertaken to circumscribe Its limits anl considered the growth of abolition sentiment in the North and its effect on pollt!cl rarties and action. Ho then continued s follows: "It is now forty years since I first saw and heard Abraham Lincoln, but the impression which he left on my mind is Ineffaceable. After his great success in the West he came to New York to make a political address. He appeared in every sense of the word like one of the plain ieople among whom he loved to be counted. At first sight there was nothing Impressive or imposing about him, except that his great stature singled him out from the crowd; his clothes hung awkwardly on his giant frame, his face was of a dark pallor, without the slightest tinge of color; his seamed and rugxed features bore the furrows of hardship and struggle; his deepset eyes looked sad and anxious; his countenance in repose gave little evidence of that brain power which had raised him from the lowest to the highest station among his countrymen; as he talked to me before the meeting he seemed ill at ease, with that sort of apprehension which a young man might feel before presenting himself to a new and strange audience, whose critical disposition he dreaded. It was a great audience, including all the noted men, all the learned and cultured of his party in New York editors, clergymen, statesmen, lawyers, merchants, critics. They were all very curious to hear him. His fame as a powerful speaker had preceded him; an exaggerated rumor of his wit the worst forerunner of an orator had reached the East. When Mr. Bryant presented him on the high platform of the Cooper Institute a vast sea of eager, upturned faces greeted him, full of intense curiosity to see what this rude child of the people was like. He was equal to the occasion. When he spoke he was transformed; his eye kindled, his voice rang, his face shone and seemed to light up the whole assembly. For an hour and a half he held his audience In the hollow of his hand. His style of speech and manner of delivery were severely simple. What Lowell called 'the grand simplicities of the Bible,' with which he was so familiar, were reflected in his discourse. With no attempt at ornament or rhetoric, without parade or pretense, he spoke straight to the point. If any came expecting the turgid eloquence or the ribaldry of the frontier they must have been startled at the earnest and sincere purity of his utterances. It was marvelous to see how this untutored man. by mere self-discipline and the chastening of his own spirit, had outgrown all meretricious arts and found his way to the grandeur and strength of absolute simplicity. "He spoke upon the theme which he had mastered so thoroughly. He demonstrated by copious historical proofs and masterly logic that the fathers who created the Constitution in order to form a more perfect Union, to establish Justice and to secure the blessings of liberty to themselves and their posterity intended to empower the federal government to exclude slavery from the Territories. In the kindliest spirit

he protested against the avowed threat of the Southern States to destroy the Union if, in order to secure freedom in those vast regions out of which future States, were to be caned, a Republican President were elected. A GREAT TRIUMPH. "He closed with an appeal to his audi ence, spoken with all the fire of his aroused and kindling conscience, with a full outpouring of his love of justice and liberty. to maintain their political purpose on that lofty and unassailable Issue of right and wrong which alone could Justify it, and not to be Intimidated from their high re solve and cacred duty by any threats of destruction to the government or of ruin to themselves. He concluded with this telling sentence, which drove the whole argument home to all our hearts: 'Let us have faith that right makes might, and in that faith let us to the end dare to do our duty as we understand it.' That night the great hall and the next day the whole city rang with delighted applause and congratulations, and he who had come as a stranger departed with the laurels of a great triumph. "Alas! In five years from that exulting night I saw him again, for the last time. In the same city, borne in his coffin throueh its draped streets. With tears and lamen tations a heartbroken people accompanied him from Washington, the scene of his martyrdom, to his last resting place in the young city of the West, where he had vcrked his way to fame." Mr. Choate then considered tho desper ate plight of the government when Lincoln took hold of it; the preparedness of the South and the utter unpreparedness of the North; the noneffect of his concilia tory inaugural address, and of the erroneous ideas which even he had of the magni tude or tne struggle upon which he was about to enter. He did not attempt to re view tne conduct of the war. but devoted considerable time to Lincoln's personality, as developed by and during that struggle. in this connection he said: . "In all the grandeur of the vast power which he wielded, hi never ceased to be one of the plain people, as he always called them, never lost or impaired his perfect sympa thy with them, was always in perfect tcuch with them and open to their appeals; and here lay the very secret of his personality and of his power, for the people In turn gave him their absolute confidence. His courage, his fortitude, his patience, his hopefulness, were sorely tried, but never exhausted. He was true as steel to his generals, but had frequent occasion to change them, as he found them inade quate. A whole night might be spent in recounting the stories of his wit. humor and harmless sarcasm. But I will recall only two of his sayings, both about General Grant, who always found plentjot enemies and critics to urge the Presi dent to oust him from his command. One, i am sure, will interest all Scotchmen. They repeated with malicious intent the gossip that Grant drank. 'What doer he drink? asked Lincoln. 'Whisky' was, of course, the answer; doubtless you can guess the brand. Well said the President, 'just find out what particular kind he uses and I'll send a barrel to each of my other generals The other must be as pleasing to the British as to the American ear. When pressed again on other grounds to get rid of Grant, he declared, I can t spare that man; he fights "The emancipation proclamation, with which Mr. Lincoln delighted the country and the world on the first of January, IMS. will doubtless secure for him a foremost place in history among the philanthropists and benefactors of the race, as It rescued from hopeless and degrading slavery o many millions of his fellow-beings described in the law and existing in fact as 'chattels personal, in the hands of their owners and possessors, to all Intents, con-, structions and purposes whatsoever. Rarely does the happy fortune come to one man to render such a service to his kind to proclaim liberty throughout the land unto all the Inhabitants thereof. HIS FIRST INAUGURAL. "In his first inaugural address, when as yet not a drop of precious blood had been shed, while he held out to them the olive branch in one hand, in the other he presented the guarantee of the Constitution, and after reciting the emphatic resolution; of the convention that nominated him, that the maintenance Inviolate of the rights of the States, and especially the right of each State to order and control its own domestic institutions according to Its own judgment exclusively, Is essen tial to that balance of power on which the perfection and endurance of our po litlcal fabric depend he reiterated this sentiment and declared with no mental reservation, 'that all the protection which. consistently with the Constitution and th laws, can be clven to all the States when lawfully demanded for whatever causeas cheerfully to one section as to an other." " hen. however, these magnanimous overtures for peace and reunion were re jected; when the seceding States defied the Constitution and every clause and principle ot It; when they persisted in staying out of the Union from which they had seceded, and proceeded to carve out of its territory a new and hostile empire based on slavery; when they flew at the throat c1 the Nation and plunged it into the bloodiest war of the nineteenth cen tury the tables were turned, and the lo lief gradually came to the mind of th? President that if the rebellion was not soon subdued by force of arms, if the wir must be fought out to the hitter end, then to reach that end the salvation of the Nation itself might require the destruction of slavery where it existed; that if th war was to continue on one siue tor ahunion, for no other purpose than to pre serve slavery, it must continue on the ,ther side for the I nlon to destroy Slav . rv " Mr. Choate reviewed the events lead.ng tu to the emancipation proclamation, showing that public opinion, even in the North, would not have sustained it an hour earlier than it was Issued. He showed that Its effect on the war was not Immediate, but that It was not until after Gettysburg that that effect began really to be. felt. He considered also its effect on foreign government, showing that foreign

sentiment had always leaned toward the South, believing xhat the South had greater resources, and that the tToelamatlon tended to make that sympathy stronger, nnd that these peoples hellevcd that the freeing of the negro. If it were fcccomplished. would Ik the worst thing possible. loth for the nesro and the country. "When Mr. Lincoln issued his proclamation." said Mr. Choate, "he knew that all these ideas were founded in error; that the national resources were inexhaustible; that the government could and would win, and that if slavery were once finally Jisposed of. the only cause of difference being out of tho way, the North and South would come together again, and by and toy be as good friends as ever. In mny quarters abroad the proclamation was welcomed with enthusiasm by tho frUnds of America, but 1 think the demonstrations In Its favor that brought more gladness to Lincoln's heart than any other were the meetings held in the manufacturing centers by the very operatives upon whom the war bore the hardest, expressing the most enthusiastic sympathy with the proclamation, while they bore with heroic fortitude the grievous privations which the tvar entailed upon them. Mr. Lincoln's expectation when he announced to the world that all slaves in all States then in rebellion were set free must have been that the avowed position of his government, that the continuance of the war now meant the annihilation of slavery, would make Intervention ImiossIble for any foreign nation whose people were lovers of liberty, and so the result proved." Mr. Choate read Lincoln's memorable speech at Gettysburg and concluded his address: "The forty days of life that remained to him were crowned with great historic events. He lived to see his proclamation of emancipation embodied in an amendment of the Constitution adopted by Congress and submitted to the States for ratification. The mighty scourge of war did speedily pass away, for it was given him to witness the surrender of the rtoel army and the fall of their capital and the starry flag that he loved waving in triumph over the national oil. When be died by the madman's hand In the supreme hour of victory the vanquished lost their best friend and the human race one of Its noblest examples, and all the friends of freedom and Justice, In whose cause he lived and died. Joined hands as mourners at his grave." Many notable persons were In the audience, and Mr. Choate was frequently applauded. Lord Rosebery. replying to a vote of thanks for presiding, said: "Mr. Lincoln was one of the great figures of the nineteenth centurj To me it has also seemed that he was the second founder of the great Republic. I '.a strength rested on two rocks unflinching principle and Illimitable cornmonsense. One distinguishing feature that disassociated him from all the other great men of history was hi Immense fund of humor." Thanking Mr. Choate on behalf of the audience. Lord Rosebery referred to him as "that consummate mater of eloquence." and he concluded with an interesting personal reference to "ihe vivid impression and Intense interest which the American civil war produced in my case at the mot impressionable moment of my life. So anxiously did I and my fellow-MUdents at Eton study the details of the war." said lord Rosebery, "that we seemed to hear the very clash of conflict across the Atlantic, and as soon as I had sufficient liberty and funds I crossed the Atlantic to try to tc become acquainted with some of the places and men illustrious In that war. I saw Grant. Sherman, Jefferson Davis ami many others, and even after ihls lapse of years even-thing seems as familiar to me as then."

RIGHTS OF THE NEGRO METHODISTS DISCI S SOtTHEUX DISFHANC1IISEMK.T A CTS. Booker T. Washington's Plun for Elevating Ilia liace Receives Doth Commendation and Criticism. NEW YORK, Nov. 13. The Freedman'a Aid and Southern Educational Society met at Newark, N. J., to-day, with Bishop Edward G. Andrews presiding. There was a long discussion preceding the consideration of appropriations for the academies for white people. It. was explained that the field of the academies was among the poor whites, and they were doing fine work both in Instruction provided by tho schools themselves and as feeders of the Fort Worth and U. S. Grant universities. Bishop Mallalleu, in talking on the subject, spoke of the effect on the aims of the society of the disfranchisement acts South. He said: 'I hope to see the day when the flag shall protect all Americans on American soil." This started a debate on disfranchise ment, the speakers connecting it with the question under consideration by- the idea of the work anwng the whites. In th States which had passed "disfranchise ment" laws appropriations should be In creased rather than diminished. Levi Gilbert, editor of the Western Christian Advocate, counseled moderation. He said the Southern people made no pretenso of disguising the object of these measures, but that so far as the actual language of the statutes went there was no discrimination tet forth in so many words. He believed in strengthening the bonds that were holding the North and South together. Bishop Fowler had crit icised Booker T. Washington for trading the rights of the colored man for peace, but for his part he was not sure but that Washington was right. He thought that education was the surest groundwork for the maintenance of rights, and if the colored man went to work on that theory the enjoyments of Ills rights would follow. He said he hoped to see the day. North and South, when no ignorant man would be" allowed to vote. Secretary Mason ao said that he believed in preserving good feeling between the North and South, but if in establishing that good feeling the North and South planned to leave the colored man out he could foretell there would Ihj trouble. He paid a tribute to Booker T. Washington, saying that any man who had done what he had was a great man, white or black. Nevertheless, be did not believe it. Pooker T. Washington that education should come first and rights afterward. If a man gave up his rights in this country, he said, he was very unlikely ever to get them back again. Bishop D. A. Goodsell said Booker T. Washington did not deherve credit for originating the idea of industrial education in the South, for the whole society had done that thirty years ago, but the ppeaktr was inclined to think his educational Idea was right. He Paid he believed that any community of the white race in the North tt.ut was ruled by a lother race by a majority of numbers would resist to the point of revolution. The bishop recalled a number of kindly acts on the part of the Southern whites, some of whom had opened their churchos to the colored man when he was holding conferences among them. "I will tell the colored man." he said, "that every word of war they speak now will make tho elevation of their race more difficult la the end." The white academies were then given appropriations. Episcopal Church Congrms. PROVIDENCE, R. I.. Nov. 13 The twentieth annual congress f the Episcopal' Church tf the United States was opened in Orace Church here to-day. Bishop MiVicar, of Rhode Island, presided. A ermon was delivered by Bishop Potter, of iew York. Meat Prices Advanced. NEW YORK. Nov. 13. -The Herald says: 'Following the action of produce tlrn and of the Chicago packers, many retail butchers In this city have advanced thprice of meat, butter and eggs. Many of the local butchers, although loath to raise prices, have felt the necessity cf protecting themselves by a fractional advance." The new price of In-ef to the consumer wh 1 and 2 rents a jMur.l . more on choi'-e pieces. Butter und eggs have also gone up. Best butter Is sold at cents a pound, wholesale. Eggs are selling at and 71 cents." Wired 111 Resignation. SAN FRANCISCO. Ca!., Nov. 13. W n. Haywood, United States collector of internal revenue at Honolulu, whe arrived here on the steamer China, has wlre-1 hl resignation to Washington. It is said ha v.ill represent Hawaiian business interests at the national capital.

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