Indianapolis Journal, Volume 49, Number 340, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 December 1899 — Page 7

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER '6, 1899

7

Inhabitants, yet there .s no Provision of law under which a municipality can be organized or maintained. In some localities the Inhabitants have met together anl voluntarily formed a municipal organization for the purpose of local government, adopting the form of a municipal constitution and charter under which paid oihciula have been appointed and ordinances creating: and regulating a police force, a lire department, a department of uealth and making provision for the care of the insane and indigent poor and sick, and f.r public fho'iiit have Utn passed. These proceedings and the ordinances passed by such municipalities are without statutory authority and have no sanction, except a they are maintained by the popular sentiment of the community. There Is an entire absence of authority to provide the ordinary Instruments of local police control and administration, the population consisting of the usual percentage of btwless adventurers of the class that r.lways t!ock to new fields of enterprise or dicovery. and under circumstances which require more than ordinary provision for the maintenance of the peace, good order and lawful conduct. The whole vast area of Alaska comprises but one judicial district, with one Judge, one marshal and one district attorney, yet the civil and criminal business has more than doubled within the past year, and Is many times greater, both In volume and Importance, than it was in 13SI. The duties of the Judge require him to travel thousands of miles to discharge his Judicial duties at the various places designated for that purpose. The territory should be divided Into at least two districts and an additional judge, district attorney, marshal and other appointive officers be provided. There Is practically no organized form of government in the territory. There Is no authority except in Congress to pass any law, no matter how local or trivial, and the difficulty of conveying to the Congress an adequate conception and understanding of the various needs of the people In the different communities Is easily understood. I see no reason why a more complete form of territoria'. organization should not be provided. Following the precedent established InB the year Ivjg, when a temporary povern-" ment was provided for the recently acquired territory, tnen known under the name of Louisiana, it seems to me that it would be advantageous to confer greater executive power upon the Governor and to establish, as was done In the case of the Territory of Louisiana, a legislative council having power to adopt ordinances which shall extend to all the rightful subjects of local legislation, such ordinances not to take effect until reonrted to and approved by the Congress if Tn session, and if that body is not in session, then by the President. In this manner a system of laws providing 'for the incorporation and government of towns and cities having a certain population, giving them the power to establish and maintain a system of education to be locally supported, and an ordinance providing1 forpollce. sanitary and other mch purposes, could be speedily provided. I believe a provision of this kind would be satisfactory to the people of the territory. It is probable that the area is too vast and the population too scattered and transitory to make it wise at the present time to provide for an elective legislative body, but the conditions calling for local pelf-govcmment "will undoubtedly very poon exist and will be facilitated by the measures which I have recommended.

I'OUTO RICO. Time la Ripe for Adoption of a. Tern porory Form of CioYemment. K T recommend that legislation to the same end be had with reference to the government of Porto Rico. The time is ripe for the adoption of a temporary form of government for this island, and many suggestions made with reference to Alaska are applicable to Porto Rico. The system of civil jurisprudence now adopted by the people of this island is described by competent lawyers who are familiar with it as thoroughly modern and scientific so far as it relates to matters of internal business, trade, production and social and private rights in general. The cities of the island are governed under charters which probably require very little or no change. So that with relation to matters of local concern and private right it is not pfobable that much, if any, legislation is desirable; but with reference to rubllc administration and the relation qf the islands to the federal government there are many matters which are ot pressing urgency. The same necessity exists for legislation on the part of the Congress to establish federal courts and federal jurisdiction in the island as has been previously pointed out by me with reference to Hawaii. Besides the administration of justice there are the subjects of the public lands, the control and improvement of rivers and harbors, the control of the waters or streams not navigable which, under the Spanish law, belonged to the crown of Spain and have by the treaty of cession passed to the United States; the immigration of people from foreign countries; the Importation of contract labor; the imposition and collection of internal revenue; the application of the navigation laws; the regulation of the current money; the establishment of postofflces and post roads; the regulation of tariff rates on merchandise imported from the island into the "United States; the establishment of ports of entry and delivery; the regulation of patents and copyrights; these, with various other subjects which rest entirely within the power of the Congress, call for careful consideration and immediate action. It must be borne in mind that since the cession Porto Rico lias been denied the principal markets she Aad long enjoyed, and our tariffs have been continued against her products as when she Was under Spanish sovereignty. The markets of Suain are closed to her products except upon terms to which ttf commerce of fell nations is subjected. The island of Cuba, which used to buy her cattle and tobacco without customs duties, now imposes the ame duties upon these products as from any other country entering her ports. She rhas therefore lost her free intercourse with Spain and Cuba without any compensating benefits in this market. Her coffee was llttle known and not In use by our people, and therefore there was no demand here tor this, one cf her chief products. The markets of the United States sh'ould be opened to her products. Our plain duty is to abolish all customs tariffs between the United States and Porto Rico and give her products free access to our markets Aa a result of the hurricane which swept over Porto Rico on the Sth of August, over lOO.Ooo people were reduced to absolute destitution, without .homes and deprived of the necessaries of life. To the appeal of the War Department the people of the "United States made prompt and generous responses. In addition to the private charity of our people, the War Department has expended for the relief of the distressed :a.34i63. which does not include the cost cf transportation. It is desirable that the government of the Island under the law of belJgerent rlslit now maintained through the Executive Department should be superseded by an administration entirely civil In its nature. For present purposes I recommend that Congress pass a law for the organization of a temporary government, which shall provide for the appointment by the President, subject to the confirmation by the Senate, of a Governor and such other orticers as the general administration of the Island may require, and that for legislative purposes on subjects of a local nature not partaking of a federal character a legislative council, composed partly of Porto TUcarvs and partly of citizens of the United States, shall be nominated and appointed toy the President. aubject to connrmation "by the Senate, their acts to be subject to the approval of the Congress or the President . prior to going into effect. In the municipalities and other local subdivision? 1 recommend that the principle of locai self-government be applied at once, so-as to enable the intelligent citizens of the island to participate in their own government and to learn by the political exper.ences ii.e duties and requirements of a self-contained and self-governing people. I have not thought it wise to commit the entire government of the island to officers selected by the people, because I doubt "whether, in habits, training and experience, they are such as to fit them to exercls at once to large a degree of self-government, but it is my Judgment and expectation that they Mill soon arrive at an attachment of experience and wisdom and f elf-corjtrol that will Justify conferring upon them a much larger participation In the choice of their InruUr otices. The fundamental requirement! for thes? people, as for jail people, is education. The free aehoolliouse Is the best preceptor for citizenship. In the introduction of modern educational Snethods care, however, must be exercised that changes tx not made too abruptly, and that the history and racial peculiariti-.s cf the inhabitants shall be given due weight. Cystems of education in these new possessions founded upon common-sense methods, dapud to existing condition and looking to the future movement and individual advancemeat of the people will commend to

them In a peculiarly effective manner the blessings of free covernment. MISCELLANEOUS.

LAW A.Mi OltDER SIIOILD PREVAIL. Vigorous) Arralngiiient of Lynching and Other Crimes. The love of law and the sense of obedience and submission to the lawfully constituted judicial tribunals are imbedded in the hearts of our people, and any violation of these sentiments and disregard of their obligations justly arouses public condemnation. The guaranties of life, liberty, and of civil rights should be faithfully upheld; the right of trial by jury respected and defended. The rule of tho courts should assure the public of the prompt trial of those charged with criminal offenses, and upon conviction the punishment should be commensurate with the enormity of the crime. Those who. In disregard of law and the public peace, unwilling to await the judgment of court and jury, constitute themselves Judges and executioners, should not escape the severest penalties for their crimes. What I said in my Inaugural address of March 1, 1SI7, I now repeat: "The constitutional authorities should be cheerfully and vigorously upheld. Lynchlngs must not be tolerated in a great and civilized country like the United States. Courts, not mobs, must execute the penalties of the laws. The preservation of public order, the right of discussion, the Integrity of courts and the orderly administration of Justice must continue' forever, the rock of safety upon which our government securely rests." In accordance with the act of Congress providing for an appropriate national celebration in the year 110 of the establishment of the seat of government in the District of Columbia, I have appointed a committee consisting of the Governors of all the States and territories of the United States, who have been invited to assemble in the city of Washington on the 21st of December, 1SW, which, with the committees of the Congress and the District of Columbia, are charged with the proper conduct of the celebration. Congress, at its last session, appropriated $5,C00 "to enable tho chief engineers of the army to continue the examination of the subject and to make or secure designs, calculations and estimates for a memorial bridge from the most convenient point of the naval observatory grounds, or adjacent thereto, across the Potomac river to the most convenient point of the Arlington estate property." In accordance with the provisions of this act. the chief of engineers has selected four eminent bridge engineers to submit competitive designs for a bridge combining the elements of strength and durability and such architectural embellishment and ornamentation as will fitly apply to the dedication, "A memorial to American patriotism." The designs are now being prepared and as soon a3 completed will be submitted to the Congress by the secretary of war. The proposed bridge would be a convenience to all the people from every part of the country who visit the National Cemetery, an ornament to the Capitol of the Nation and ftrever stand as a monument to American patriotism. I do not doubt that Congress will give to the enterprise still further proof of its favor and approval. THE CLASSIFIED SERVICE. IleanonH for Modifying: the . CivilService Rales. The executive order of May 6, extending the limits of the classified service, brought within the operation of the civilservice law and rules nearly all of the exrcutive civil service not previously classified. Some of the inclusions were found wholly Illogical and unsulted to the work of the several departments. The application of the rules to many of the places so included was found to result in friction and embarrassment. After long and careful consideration it became evident to the heads of the departments responsible for their efficiency that in order to remove these difficulties and to promote an efficient and harmonious administration, certain' amendments were necessary. These amendments were promulgated by me in executive order dated May 29, 1S99. The principal purpose of the order was to except from competitive examination certain places Involving fiduciary responsibilities or duties of a strictly confidential, scientific or executive character, which it was thought might better be filled either by noncompetitive examination, or in the discretion of the appointing officer, than by open competition. These places were comparatively few in number. The order provides for the filling of a much larger number of places, mainly in the outside service of the War Department, by what is known as the registration system, under regulations to be approved by the President, similar to those which have produced such admirable results In the navy yard service. All of the amendments had for their main object a more efficient and satisfactory a2 ministration of the system of appointments as established by the civil-service law. The results attained show that under their operation the public service has improved and that the civil-service system is relieved of many objectionable features which heretofore subjected it to Just criticism and the administration officers to the charge of unbusinesslike methods in the conduct of pubr He affairs. It is believed that the merit system has been greatly strengthened and Its permanence assured, it will be my constant aim in the administration of government in our new possessions to make fitness, character and merit essential to appointments to office and to give to the capable and deserving inhabitants preference in appointments. The 14th of December will be the one hundredth anniversary of the death of Washington. For a hundred years the Republic has had the priceless advantage of the lofty standard of character and conduct which he bequeathed to the American people. It is an inheritance which time, instead of wasting, continnally increases and enriches. We may Justly hope that In the years to come the benignant Iniluence of the father of his country may be even more potent for good than in the century which is drawing to a close. I have been glad to learn that in many parts of the country the people will fittingly observe this historic anniversary. Presented to this Congress are great opportunities. With them come great responsibilities. The power confidqd to us increases the weight of our obligations to the people and we must be profoundly sensitive of them as we contemplate the new and grave problems which confront us. Aiming only at the public good, we cannot err. . right interpretation of the people's will and of uuty cannot fall to insure wise measures for the welfare of the islands which have come under the authority of the United States and to Inure to the common interest and lasting honor of our country. Never has this Nation had more abundant cause than during the past year for thankfulness to God tor manifold blessings and mercies, for which we make reverent acknowledgment. WILLIAM M'KINLEV. Executive Mansion, Dec. 5, 1S99. Progressive and Thoaghtf al. Chicago Dally News. Kaiser Wllhelm has given the German veterans of Chicago a banner and the German veterans have promptly entwined the Kaiser's gift with the colors of America, besides singing "The Star-spangled Planner" as the mingled flags broke out in all their glory. A great deal has been said and written concerning the German Emperor, but the fact?, boiled down and analyzed, appear to prove him a progressive, thoughtful ruler, mindful both of his own subjects and of those who once acknowledged German sovereignty, but have now sought homes beyond the seas. The Kaiser Is a popular man Just now In at least three of the world's great cities Rerlln, London and Chicago. Springsteen & CM., popular-priced North Pennsylvania itreet. tailors.

CHANCE FOR UNDER MAN

IT LIES IX IIOXEST COMPETITION UXDER THE LAWS OP GOD. Dr. John's Lecture at De Pnuw Deals Interestingly With Phases of Unman Progress ami Reform - Special to the Indlanarolis Journal. GREENCASTLE. Ind.; Dec. 5. Dr. J. 1. D. John, former president of De Pauw University, was greeted by a large audience this evening. In Meharry Hall. Since his resignation of the presidency of De Pauw Dr. John has been actively engaged in work in the lecture field, where his eminent ability has drawn for him large audiences. His Greencastle friends have had but little opportunity for hearing him in the past few years, and the opportunity to again hoar him from the platform of De Pauw brought out a large concourse of citizens and students. Dr. John's theme was "The Three L's of the New Era, or the Hope of the Under Man." In part, he said: "The three L's of the coming civilization are law, liberty and love. When man first appeared as a member of society, law came with him. When liberty entered civilization, law still remained, the basis and warrant of liberty. When love shall come, law and liberty will both abide; law, the strong arm of love, and liberty its sphere. Love will be the spring of action, law the rule, and liberty the scope. There Is need of the coming of the new era. One steady look at the vices and miseries of humanity would be the last vision of the beholder, for his eyes would dart from their sockets at the piteous sight. We have slept too long while the cry of the innocent and the wail of the guilty have been going up to heaven. Take a quick glance at the living pictures, moving as upon a cinematographic screen. See the babes conceived in lust and born in wretchedness; the children, whose teacher is the devil; the youth coming into their harvest of misery; the workingmen out of work and out of bread; the wretched old. still hungry and cold; the scarlet woman and her still more scarlet companion in sin; the tenement house, the sweat shop, the tramps; the drunkards, replenished more rapidly by the saloon than the grave can bury them. Put away the screen, lest your hearts break. But this is only the painted picture of human misery. What must be the horrible reality? "The situation is better to-day in Western civilization than ever berore. From isco to 1SU0. in the United States, the opportunity of earning a livelihood increased 11 per cent, more rapidly than that part of the population over ten yedrs of age. The tendency is towards equal opportunity for all, but the time of its coming may be far away. What shall bring in this equality of opportunity, by which the under man may rise to bener conditions? TWO PLANS OF AMELIORATION. "Two plans, fundamentally different, are proposed. One is to continue the present competitive system of industry under private ownership of land and capital, and the other to adopt some form of socialism, whose central feature is the abolition of private capital and the displacement of individual competition. The people shall jointly own the land and capital, the mines, manufactories, railroads, telegraphs in short, all the means cf production and distribution. The central feiture of socialism, viz., the destruction of individual competition, is directly at war with God's eternal order of things, and in the end must succumb to the inevitable. There is only one way to scale the heights of destiny, and that is to walk abreast the truth of God. "What is that immutable law of life with which socialism would measure arms? It is this: There can be no progress, but there must be retrogression among living beings of any rank or order in the absence of natural selection, and there can be no natural selection in the absence of individual competition. This law holds as surely in human society as among the birds and beasts, and until the inevitable law of God is repealed either socialism must fall, or the human race must go back to barbarism. While there can be no advancement of the race except through the stern process of natural selection, based on competition, the highest development of any individual no less certainly depends on his conflict with the forces which environ him. Adversity is a hard schoolmaster, but it makes men. Ease toughens no muscle. You do not go to the tropics for men: you go where they must fight with the forces of nature or die. Hustle makes muscle. Rigor makes vigor. You cannot slide down Into character on a toboggan. You must climb up into it over sharp rocks and dizzy precipices. When competition ceases the individual becomes a jelly fish, and the race goes backward. "What, then, is the hope of the under man? His hope is not in any system of industry or form of government or organization of economic or political forces, but his hope is in his own right arm, his own personal righteousness, and in the reign of love among men. Let it never be forgotten that the trouble with society does pot lie in Us industrial system, but in human nature. The fault is not in outward forms, but in inward character. The wrong is not in public theory, but in private practice. The evil is not social crime, but individual sin. As long as selfishness continues to be the ruling factor in human conduct, there will be an upper man and an under man in society, whether it be in a socialistic Utopia or in some form of competitive reality. If human nature should ever become so radically reconstructed as to make socialism, temporarily, a workable scheme, the same reconstructed human nature would banish the ills of a competitive scheme. The ills arc not In the scheme, but in the units of society, who constitute the working factors of the scheme. The helplessness of the under man docs not grow out of the competitive system of industry, but out of the partial absence of competition in a so-called competitive sys tem. The real obstacle is not competition. but the want of it. What the under man needs is opportunity under a competitive system, not the legislative supply of his ms ju inuiiiy act in honorable competition with his fellow Give him. not the order of the King, but give mm a cnance. NO QUARREL WITH PRINCIPLES. "My quarrel Is not with the fundamental principles of the present industrial system, but with the way it works, and, therefore! with the men who work it. My quarrel is not with dynamite, but with the friends who use it to explode a mine under the Maine. Dynamite Is a good thing among the rocks of Hell Gate. My charge is not against the Instrument, but against those who wrongfully use it. If competition must go, at the edict of socialism, because selfish men abuse it, then water, fire, air, love and every good thing In the world must go, for the same reason. The trouble is not with competition, but with the competitors themselves. Competition may be either humane or brutal. It may belong to the plane of the golden rule or to the order of the 'red tooth and claw If you and I contend in the same business, there are two ways in which I may surpass you. One Is to establish a better reputation than yours for general business reliability, and the other, is to damage your reputation. One is the golden rule, the other the rule of blood. One would be right among angels, the other would be wrong among devils. If I follow the golden rule I can look without flinching into the eye of God. even though I fall in business. If I follow the method of the wild beast I shall blush to look into the eyes of the devil, even though I succeed In business. If we both follow the golden rule in our rivalry, or. still better, the divine rule of love, we have done our consciences no violence, we are both stronger in all righteousness than before we contested, and we are both clean In the eight of God. We are told by the prophets of sociallem that It Is Impossible

ams unuer a socialistic system. His poverty must disappear, not before an act of ( "fin LTl'SS hill t hrnri klo w.. i - - . .

to follow the sermon on the mount under our competitive system. If that be true, then the sermon on the mount is at war with God's unchangeable order. When you strike at competition you do not strike at the political economist who upholds It. but at th; Almighty who ordained it. When you say that the Divine Teacher condemns competition you put war between His word on til Mount of Beatitudes and His word written in the constitution of every living thing. If the sermon on' the mount is too hard for nineteenth century civilization, it is because of nineteenth century people and not nineteenth century systems. Put nineteenth century people forward a hundred j-ears into Bellamy's socialistic Utopia and they will strain the sermon on the mount as much as they distort It here and now under the rivalries of life. Forget it not: The evils of our times are the sins of peoples and not the sins of systems. "Imagine for a moment that all tho people are ablaze with love to their fellows. How shall they render themselves most

useful? By cultivating to the highest de- ', gree their own powers or usefulness. How shall the sun send forth most heat and light? By concentrating most heat and light within Its own substance. And you can get most good out of a man by first getting most good into him. We are told that it is selfish for a man to try to save himself. Is it selfish for the lily to appropriate the fragrant atoms from the soil and air7 Not if it is to send them forth on the breezes to the olfactory nerves of men. Is It selfish for a man to contend with his fellows in order to increase his own power? Not If that increase of power Is to multiply itself in the power of others. The greater the ruin which selfishness can bring to men through the agency of competition, the greater the glory which love can bring through the same agency. If the human intellect can make the forces oi rature its servants, compelling them to produce results the opposite of their ordlr.ary action, no less can love take the love oi contest, which, under selfishness, leads to evil, and make it a servant leading to the good. Gravitation pulls downward towards the earth, but at the command of the Intellect it pushes the balloon up into the sky. Competition, under selfishness, drags men downward, but under love it lilts them to the skies. "The hope of the under man is, first, in himself, and then in the speedy coming of the reign of love. He may and will get help from social reform, but let him remember that his salvation from oppression dees not He In municipal and state ownership of public utilities and natural monopolies, or in any legislative device or effort in his behalf, but he must work out his own salvation under the kingdom of love. Let hfm put all vices under his feet and take and keep his place, a man among men. The day of love is coming more rapidly than we know, and when it is fully come there shall be neither upper man nor under man on the face of the earth, for all shall walk abreast along the pathway of destiny." VITAL STATISTICS DEC. 5. IlirthM. Maggie and Edward Snyder, 1S6S Union street; boy. Lola and Herman Dldlem, 716 Ft. Wayne avenue; boy. Mrs. and John H. Brill, 2304 North Meridian street: girl. Mrs. and J. C. . Krauter, 1012 Eugene street; boy. Daisy and M. C Leeth. 201D Belief ontaine street; girl. Rosa and Fred Schenbein, S33 East St. Clair street; boy. Mary and Robert P. Brown, city: boy. Mrs. and Henry Weaver, 1319 South Reisner street; girl. Dcnth. Mary Goodperle, sixty-seven; paresis. Josephine Hopson, forty-one, H2ti Hadley street; consumption. Sarah A. Warren, forty-seven, city; heart failure. Charles R. Dushon, seventy-one, 40a Sanders street; senility. Anna A. Sale, fifty-four. 1333 Brookside avenue; heart disease. Sarah C. Luke, nine. English avenue; typhoid fever. Lorinda S. Lund, sixty-two, 2022 Trospect street: rheumatism of heart. Catherine Scherer. seventy-six, 1510 South Meridian street; paralysis. Mnrrlnjse Licences. John Petty and Mary Odell. Abe Keene and Lina Cheatem. Edward N. Perkins and Hallie. Estclle Johnson. . - . Building Permit!. S. E. Pratt Lumber Company, office and shed, corner Senate avenue and Fourteenth street: cost $273. . T. Carrie W. Wehr. cottage, Regent and LnIom 'treets cost $30. J. G. Koesters, remodeling, 92$ South Meridian street; cost $150. Advice to evrpaier Row. Washington Post. We trust that our lively and progressive contemporaries, the toilers of Newspaper Row, will rise to the demands of the occasion when the New Vork Journal's new correspondent, the Duke of Manchester, comes to Washington next week. This young entleman has recently joined the guild and has shown by certain of his contributions to the Journal that he is an earnest and painstaking beginner. He will be in our midst within the next few days with the avowed purpose of describing for the great metropolitan daily he represents the strange and stirring, not to say wonderful, events which notoriously attend the opening of Congress. And this, we think, is a matter for the Row to celebrate in some conspicuous way. o , Manchester has already given us a specimen of his journalistic style. Some days ago if we are not mistaken, it was on Sundav last the New York Journal printed an article of his about the Nicaragua canal. It was a very nice article, too There was a picture of the duke, a cut of his country house, a lifelike reproduction of the Manchester coat-of-arms, and more than a hundred words telling us that the canal ought to be constructed by all means as " would shorten the trip from New ork to San Francisco very materially Honorable mention was also made of Admirai W alker s report. We understand that the same woodcuts will go with all of Manchester's ?uture contributions, so that the reverent nubile may be sure they are getting the Semilne thing and. what is more to the uSroSS the duke will sign everything he wrifes as a guarantee against spurious Thff Uethe first time we have had a BritIsnuke'amSng us in the fapadty of a newspaper correspondent. It ma be the last. Let us show that we are sensible of our privileges. . . "Who Lnlymltli" Really "Was. New York Commercial Advertiser. It has been stated that Ladysmith, about which we are hearing a great deal th.es days, owes its name to the wife of Sir Harry Smith, who was governor of th Cape of Good Hope about half a centur: ago. But very few persons know who was the wife of Sir Harry Smith. She was not a prosaic British matron, with a motherly manner, a lace cap and a gold chain. She was a far more romantic person, and the town named for her had a godmother quite as lively as it would seem fitting that It should have. In the; spring of 1S12 Sir Harry Smith was present at the storming of Badajoz. According to a veracious chronicler, on the day after the assault a lady and a little girl claimed the protection of Smith. The lady described herself as a Spaniard, the wife of a army officer serving in a distant part of Spain. The little girl was her sister, Juana Maria de los Dolores de Leon. They had fled to the camp from liadajoz, where they had suffered violence from the infuriated soldiery, who had torn their earrings from their ears. The gallant Smith listened to their tale of woe, gazed long at the pretty face of the young sister, and promised to secure their safety. This he did. Two years later the little Juana Maria, etc., became the wife of Smith. She was just sixteen. lit was twenty-six. The young soldier became a general, and died full of honors Oct. 12. 1S6. Lady Smith survived him a dozen years, dying on Oct. 10. 1S72. It may be noted as a coincidence that on the twentyseventh anniversary of her death President Kruger sent his ultimatum, and on the thirty-ninth anniversary of her husband's death the Boers invaded Natal, and shortly after surrounded Ladysmith. ' John, Hay. Boston Herald. Secretary John Hay, between whom and lie presidency there now stands but the ife of a single man, has had an interesting arecr ever since he was graduated from irown University forty years ago. He was jrivate secretary to Lincoln, major in the lvll war. secretary of legation at Paris, charge d'affaires at Vienna, secretary of legation at Madrid, acting editor-in-chief of the New York Tribune, flrit assistant secretary of state under Hayes, president of the international, sanitary conference, vuthor In collaboration with Mr. Nicolav f the "Life of Lincoln,", a poet of considerable attainments, ambassador to Great Britain and secretary of state, and in a!J -f these varied capacities he has conducted 4 himself with dignity and discretion.

CHURCH IN PHILIPPINES

EACH VILLAGE HAS A SPLENDID Dl'ILDIXG AND MANY FEASTS. Lax Moral h of the Priests Itellgloaa Restriction on Commerce Cause off the Revolution. Letter in New York Evening Pest. The power of the church in the Philippines almost exceeds that of the state, and the archpishop of Manila once walked over the Spanish flag on. Sundays. But although this act seemed to go too far, and was finally abolished, the influence of the church Is still as great as ever, and the islands have in no wise ceased to be a sort of colonial storeroom which Spain has all along been stocking with the excess of her friars, whose morals; as displayed at home, needed toning up by a long sea voyage from the peninsula. So the Philippines, Manila, and the promenade along the Malecon have long been overrun with Jesuit and Dominican monks, whose, features havo hardly corresponded with the saintly garbs that encased ihelr rounded forms, and beer and billiard tables havo found their way into the luxurious "conventos" connected with many a big cathedral in districts both rich and poor. Substance has ail given way to form, which serves to play the leading role in religious life, and fireworks, fiestas and flaming candles have done their share in drawing the natives within tho Influence of the churchTo see the peculiar, demonstrations which take place weekly in first one parish and then the next is to wonder whether, or not such clrcusos can fairly come under the name of religious observances. Each suburb of the capital has for its center the big church of buttressed walls and lofty transepts, whose cool interior could well contain the homes of the entire district, and each edifice has its certain special feast days, to be celebrated independently of any other parish. Indeed, so numerous are the churches that each week in the calendar seems to be a special ono for some one, and when night comes a distant dome, glowing with its mass of lighted candle cups, will usually stand out against the sky to show where the "fiesta" is in. progress. Walking through the narrow streets towards the glare of light, one comes to a sort of county fair that attracts an audience from all quarters. A multitude of toy and drinking booths, hastily put together from heavy matting, huddles together for mutual support on the plaza or the outyard of the church, and for the days that the shows continue forms a center of amusement for the scores of visitors who daily come to do their penance or see their friends. The native girls who preside behind the counters of the drinking booths or toy bazaars, where tin whistles and collar-buttons "made in Germany" are sold, seem chosen for their charms and affability rather than for their spirituality, and each week finds them reaping their harvest of "pesos" and "pesetas" by treating with familiarity the gallant youths, who show no interest in getting nearer to the altar of the sanctuary. In the early evenings, closely after sunset, the religious processions start from the church, composed of many of the women and children of the parish, and wind through the chief highways of the suburb until they finally return to the starting point. Richly decorated "floats." containing life-size figures of saints and apostles dressed in garments of gold and purpie, are borne along by sweating coolies, who stagger beneath an outer draping that shields from view all save their lower limbs and naked feet. In front and behind come the women and children, clothed ln black and carrying candles, wearing black mantillas, which fall gracefully from their heads; their faces bear a look of saint-like grace, except at such times as the evening breeze makes the candle-grease refractory, and one could easily Imagine himself a spectator at a celebration in Sevilla or Madrid. The huge floats with their weight of wood and metal cause their bearers to stop for breath at every turn, and bring off the hats of the &;ectators who line the sidewalks or the roadways. In fact, so particular is the Spaniard in this show of respect, that if he sees it neglected he takes so personal a hand in correcting the culprit that I have known of a serious conflict occurring on a tram-car because an Englishman failed to lift his hat to a passing funeral. PLENTY OF ROWS. In the balconies of houses that line the route the smiling crowds of lookers-on, and Roman candles or bengola lights add impressiveness to the scene and drop their sparks on the garments of those parading below. In due procession pass the wabbling images of apostles, the descent from the cross, and the Virgin Mary weeping tears of purest glass, until the long winding line of lights has reached the church and disbanded. Then tho carriers drop their burdens to seek refreshment, and a few small "glassfuls" will start them quarreling as to the merits of their respective floats. One set claim that their descent from the cross was more lifelike than that carried by their rivals, and they almost come to blows over which of the Virgin Marys wore the finest clothes. Easter week Semana santa Is of -all periods the most sacred in the Philippines, and from Wednesday till Sunday night business is at a standstill. For days before the coming of Good Friday, the nights resound with that weird caterwauling coming from the singing of the "Passion Songs," which unmugntened natives use to impress themselves with penitence. A newly arrived observer would think bedlam had been let loose to walk through a Manila suburb on the eve ot Easter week. From Holy Thursday to Easter Sunday tho use of carriages is forbiaden, and in days gone by people were not allowed to hoist their umbrellas or ride in the tram-car. All traffic is suspended, and besides the Icecart and the doctor, few vehicles have tho right of way. The town is as still as death, and the foreign colony takes this as the one opportunity in the year to make excursions to Corre gidor. to the lake , and mountains, or to the volcanic regions south. SteAin launches are in demand, the English Club Is deserted and for three days Tom, Dick and Harry bathe in the China sea or shoot birds and rapids in the country districts of Pansangan. If a merchant vessel ever happens to be short of time and wants to discharge or load her cargo on a bundav, the archbishop, not the governor general, is the only person who mav grant the permit, and it is no easy thing to make him willing. In Easter week, of course, work in Lie bay is almost entirely suspended, and wrathful skippers may be seen at every turn cursing at the delay. Just -before my last Semana santa ln Manila a large American yacht anchored in the bay on her way from Borneo to ilong Kong, and, contrary to all usage, two soldiers from the civil guard were placed on board to see that nothing was smuggled ashore. Instead of receiving the courtesy of the port, as do generally all warships and yachts, the Eleanor was obliged to enter at the custom house, as any merchantman, while native "carabinercs" paraded the decks with loaded rifles. The Wednesday before Holy Thursday came, and the yacht was to start for Hong Kong, where her guests expected to spend Easter. But when the captain came to the custom house for his papers he found tho "eaptaln of the prt" had gone home for a sieMa and would not return till the following Monday. Although it was early ln the afternoon, the officials who were left remarked that nothing could be done, and that th. yacht must wait at anchor in Manila bay or the passing of the holidays and the return of the chief. But the captain of the Eleanor was a Dewey in his way. and. going aboard the vessel, he told the civil guards he was going to sail. 'But you haven't had the Inspection and haven't got your papers," said they. 'Wc refuse to let your vessel go." Armed with four Catling guns on her rails and with a show of rifles and cutlasses ln the companionway. the Kleanor was a fair type of the auxiliary cruiser. The guards refused to leave, the captain Insisted and finally dumped them into a native boat that lay alongside, threatening to fire if they showed resistance. Then the Eleanor got up her anchoiand steamed out of Manila bay right across the bows of the old Maria Crlstlna the Spanish admiral's flagship, destroyed on the 1st of May. Diplomatic relations immediately became strained. The American consul was threatened and cabled to Japan for warships. The governor general read the message, a copy being sent him from the cable office, and summoned our representative. Explanations followed and the .matter was at length smoothed over. This Is but one In-

Much harm

" doubtful

f

Why not abstain from these altogether, and substitute the digestible, v.'holesome Van Houten's Chocolate (For Eating), v which is of delicious flavor, and cheapest in the end? Sold in the following shapes: Croquettes, in Tins. Drops, in Tins. . Square Tablets. Small Bars. This product ranks among the existing brands of chocolate for eating as Van Houten's Cocoa does among the cocoas; it is the most delicious in flavor and the most economical in use.

The Prince r--. 1 ' 1 V ill H

Louis Q. Oeschler, Cigarist

Tli

A, Burdsal Co

Factory 429 to 503 South Pennsylvania Street. Salesroom 102 S. Meridian Street, Cor. Maryland.

stance of Spanish methods, both ln feast seasons and out of them. INJUSTICE OF LAWS. To cite another example I only have to go back to the time of my own arrival on the Esmeralda. Some of her passengers were t sheep coming over from China to stock the markets of Manaa with mutton and one of the animals died Just after the steamer had been boarded by the doctor down the bay. Accoru.ng to Manila law, man or beast dying during the day has to be burled before sundown, and the penalty for the neelect of this rule Is $50. The captain couldn't throw the carcass overboard, for the ship was steaming into the narrow river, and the doctor's eyes were opln. On the other hand. If he buried the sheep and turned out one short at the custom house next morning, the fine would be $J00. Our skipper stoou between Scylla and Charvbdis, but believing it was worth the extra $50 to respect the Board of Health, he sent the sheep ashore and had it buried at some expense. Next day his cargo turned out one sheep short and the fine was $100. One hundred dollars for each piece over or under the amount called for by the ship's manifest is the rule, and the story of the unfortunate skipper who brought paving stones from China is now a byword with the foreipn houses. His good ship, it seems, brought seven paving fctones too many, and for that addition some one had to pay the fine of JTftO. For years and years trade has been retarded by methods such as these, and r short-sighted policy of imposing hupe export duties on local products has impeded business instead of filling the Spanish treasury. In loading hemp, for instance, one must pay an export duty on the whole cargo before it is put on board, and not one person in 10.000 can estimate the exact ca paclty of steamer or sailing vessel. If your ship carries more than the amount on which you have paid duty, loading must be stopped till a couple of days have brought the additional receipt.. And if less, your claim for refund has to go to Spain for adjustment. Fortunate is the house whicll gets settlement within two years, and more than fortunate the one that gets settlement at all. Church and state are both undermining their own power by excessive levies and excessive taxes. Th big church In the center of a native village, with iti gorgeous altars and priceless floats, whose figures are clothed with the costliest stuffs and jewels, show where the drain on the community has come on the one side. The arrests in Manila streets of scores of native boys who cannot produce their paid tax bills from their pockets, the balking of enterprise bv Imposed restrictions, and the heavy charges that exports have to stand, show where it weakens from the other side. Church and state are both to blame for fanning Into flame the fires of discontent that have caused the kettle of revolution to boll over. The natives have risen and want to throw the priestcraft and the tax collectors overboard: but until they are mlcrhty sure which Is to be the winning side the main body of the people will probably bide their time and treacherously await events. Fortitude. Detroit Journal. But." we urrd. "life Is not all joy! Do 3'ou do anything to fortify thf se young persons against the sorrows of life?" The precentre? f the pemlnary smiled a sad. haunting smile. "Yes." she- answtred. In a low voice, but distinctly, "we teach them how to weep without makinff their uoes red!" Here, anain. we were reminded how vastly the scope of education has widened since the days of our youth. Eaallr Settled. Milwaukee Sentinel. The free-silver Republicans of Wisconsin ought to4)e unanimous and enthusiastic ln favor of holding the national convention of their party ln Milwaukee Inasmuch as both of them reside hero.

is done daily

by the excessive consump-

tion of cheap confectioncries and chocolates of inferior quality, doubtful, taste, and

composition. Albert Cigar He Dances With Delight... Who secures a box of our choice and exquisitely flavored FRINCE ALBERT 10c Cigars for their Xmasgift. There is nothing that you can present a smoker with that will give so much satisfaction as a box of fine cigars. They are put up in special Christinas boxes. EUGENE JGiven Free iMf Tr )to ch person Interested la MM II S S'ubscriMnff to tho Kupene 1 IL4L4U U Fie!J Monument Souvenir (fund. Subscribe &nr amount DAOTC (desired. Subscription as rUOlJ )Iow fl win entitle donor ' Sto this daintily artistic volA $7.09 "Field Flowers" ((cloth bound. 8x11). as a T)"17 (certificate of ubcrtrtlon to III II I f (fund. Itook -vontaln a eemot representative works and Is ready for delivery. Hut for the noble contribution of the world's greatest artists this back could not have been msnufactureo. for less than $7.(0 The fund created Is di The Book of the century, hand aomely i 1 1 a a trated by 12 o the worlds greatest artists vided ecuallr between the family cf the 1st EuKtne Field and the fund for the tulIJlnj cf a monument to the memory ot the beloved poet of childhood. Addreea EUGENE FIELD Monument Souvenir Fani, 1M Monroe St., Chicago. (Also at book stor-. If you also wish to send peMtA lnclope 10c. Mention this Journal, as adv. U Inserted as our contribution. SISALS. STEROLS. STAS1TS. 52f SThNCI L5.5TAftP55

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