Indianapolis Journal, Volume 49, Number 248, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 September 1899 — Page 4

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1899.

THE DAILY JOURNAL

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5. 1899. Telephone Cnlls. Business Oi3t 2CS Editorial Rooms S TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION'. DAILY BT MAIL. Ia!ly only, one month I ln onlr. three months 2.00 I -ally only. on year , fK) Ia:iy. includlrj: Sunday, one year 10.M Bucday only. orw year 2.0O WHEN FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Dally, per week, by carrier 15 cts L'.in.v ..U.U C tf -Hii'iflj, ri iM I? 'A v - taily anJ Sunday, per wek. ly carrier.... 20 cti "WEEKLY. Ter year 11-00 Reduced Rate to Claim. Fubpcrlh with any of our numerous agents or end subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Intl. Tersors tending the Journal through the malls In th United itatf thould put on an eight-paw paper a ONE-CENT postage stamp; on a twelve or Klxten-pace paper a TWO-CENT postage tamp. Foreign postage Is usually double theso rates. All communications Intended for publication In this paper must. In order to receive attention, be -mpanled by the name and address of the writer. Rejected manuscripts will not be returned unless postage is Inclosed for that purpose. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL ' Can be fmiod at the following placet: NEW YORK Astor House. CHICAGO Palmer House, P. O- News Co., 217 Dearborn street. Great Northern Hotel and Grand raclfte Hotel. CINCINNATI J. R. Hawley & Co., 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE C. T. Peering, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville ' Book Co., 2v Fourth avenue. ' , 8T. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C.-RIgss House, Efcbltt House and Wlllard' Hotel. It Is called Labor day because laborers do no labor while it lasts. Ours Is a curious language. The Cleveland Plain Dealer, which Is the ablest Democratic paper in Ohio, has declared against McLean's candidacy. If by any means Nebraska should show a Republican majority after the votes aro counted in November, even Mr. Bryan may see the necessity of rebuilding- the platform of 1900. : Of course. Mayor Taggart will begin his object lesson In economy at once so that not a man will be added to the street gang two or three weeks before the day of the election. The report comes from Colorado that the Republicans are reorganizing and that many who went with the silver movement have had enough of fusion and are returning to their old party. The illustrated papers are now devoting themselves to Dewey and Dreyfus. They are the two most, conspicuous men of the civilized world at present, but Oh, in what different ways! Mayor Taggart will not deceive Intelligent taxpayers with his 53-cent levy. They know that if a 70-cent levy was necessary to obtain a revenue of $1,111,000 a W-cent levy will not yield $L131.000. The. Chicago Times-Herald's version of the affidavit of Frank P. Blair having been repudiated by him, it is incumbent upon that paper to show that its much announced Interview and alleged copy of the Blair affidavit is not a fake. The first argument against the theory of having the government own and operate the railroads Is that they employ 874,000 men who now hold their places because they are efficient. It would be different if such positions should be filled without evidence of ascertained fitness. It Is announced that Mr. Bryan will make forty speeches for Mr. Goebel in Kentucky in twenty days. This will not leave him much time to devote to Mr. McLean's cam.'aioii ui vuiu. .uixcau la iJio J ail candidate because he Is what Bryanite papers stigmatize as a plutocrat. The efforts of the Federation of Labor to introduce labor unions in the South are meeting with success of late. The organization of such unions in the cotton mills will probably put an end to the long-day system which gives the Southern manufacturers an advantage over those of the North. While the Republican city campaign has not reached the noisy period, committees and others are quietly at work in localities where it will do most good. The reports they bring are of the most hopeful character. Mr. Bookwalter is engaged in a quiet, but systematic and energetic, canvass. New York bankers announce that there is no call upon them to furnish money with which to move the crops, which means that the West has ample funds of its own for that purpose. That is to say, since confidence came with the Republican victory in 1SD6 and the passing of the 16-to-l danger the West has money to keep. The explanation made by heads of departments in Washington for preferring men as employes is that they feel more free to a3k overtime work of men than of women when there is rush. The Intimation that work is ever done with a rush in a government office at Washington will surprise the people who have ever tried to transact business there. The desperation of the Agulnaldo newspapers like the Springfield Republican appears in the shout of gladness which they have given over the result of the election in the Bland district in Missouri, yet the paper alluded to knows that the Democratic plurality is only a few hundred votes more than It was in 1S'"8 and more than a thousand less than In 1SS6. The interference of two of Mayor Taggart's henchmen In the Republican primaries cf Saturday with the expectation of causing dissatisfaction on the part of Republican colored men will come to naught. Kvery intelligent colored man In Indianapolis knows that the men in the South who have deprived their race of the ballot and are lynching colored men upon the slightest pretext are Democrats who are hand in glove with the Democrats of Indiana. The new factory law passed by the Republican Legislature cf New York has gone into effect. It cuts the ground from under the sweatshops by prohibiting the manu facture of any kind of merchandise In tenements or residences without a license from the factory Inspector. This is a very important reform, not only for those who work In clothing factories, but for the general public that buys, among its wares, rniny that corr.e from dark and unclean garrets and cellars. General Funston's Kansas regiment saw as severe service as any in the Philippines, nevertheless 5 of its original lvO were in

a condition to march aboard the transports. The total casualties of the regiment wero thirty-three officers and men killed in battle and nineteen men died of disease a total of fifty-two deaths In over a year. Of the original 1,200 300 remain in the Philippines, 15) having re-enllsted. The Washington regiment brings home 873 officers and men, 305 remaining In the Philippines, the most of whom have re-enlisted. The regiment lost twenty-five officers and men In action, and nine died of disease. All things considered, these are marvelously small losses for the fighting done and for the long exposure In a tropical climate. The very small lo?s by disease speaks well for the sanitary regulations of the troops and the hospital service. Still. Aguinaldo's American friends will continue to bemoan "the havoc" caused by battle and unsanitary conditions. No official statistics can stop them from doing their utmost to harm the cause of the country In which they live. A IiniGlIT PROSPECT.

Labor day in this section of the country was never brighter than was yesterday. It might have been rather hot for marching, but otherwise It was an ideal day. The reports indicate that never have so many men participated In the exercises of Labor day as yesterday. If what was seen in this locality was noted elsewhere no body of men appearing on the streets ever gave greater evidence of prosperity than did the labor unions which turned out yesterday. And yet there are men who fill certain papers and magazines with jeremiads declaring that the condition of labor is growing more hopless with the passing years. Probably If all the addresses delivered yesterday were printed demagogues and cranks would be shown to have made speeches bewailing the hard conditions of the wage-earner and recommending remedies which would Involve society In chaos. Some of the same men who three years ago told labor unions that if their nostrums were not adopted as remedies wages would be reduced and greater suffering than was then experienced would befall them doubtless repeated these assertions. Why do Intelligent wage-earners, who now know that these men are false prophets, listen longer to them? The one thing upon which wage-earners could congratulate themselves yesterday is that the future for them was never so bright. Employment was never so general nor were wages ever higher. Some of the necessaries of life are a little higher than a year ago, but the advance is more than made good by constant employment and an advance in wages. No one can tell accurately of the future, but all the indications point to a year of unusual success for wageearners. The demand for the products of labor and capital is marvelous. Three years ago It would not have been believed to be possible that there could be such a demand for the chief products of the country. Then, with a little more than half of the output of pig Iron, stocks were accumulating. Now, with almost a double output, there Is not enough to meet the demand. The country Is absorbing a quantity of the products of the factory and the shop that seem3 Incredible in the light of three years ago. This is because the farmer is getting better prices, which enables him to purchase more freely, while his ability to purchase more gives larger employment to labor in factories. Because of the larger, volume of wages and of the larger receipts of the farmer all producers reap some advantage. While labor meetings were addressed by men who repeated the heresies of three years ago regarding sliver the intelligent and thinking wage-earner, can but admit that his prosperity came after the Republican success of 1896 and with- the defeat of the free coinage of silver. Whatever such men may do in politics hereafter they must admit that, as a matter of historical fact, McKinley was the advance agent of prosperity. A WEAK DEFENSE. Captain Oberlln M. Carter, of the engineer corps, is under sentence of courtmartial for being engaged in a conspiracy with contractors to defraud the government of a large sum of money, and some of his friends are endeavoring to show that he is Ihe victim of army prejudice or political combination. One defender, whose name Is not given, has discovered that Captain Carter was unpopular while In the Military Academy at West Point, from which he was graduated in 1S80. His unpopularity is alleged to be due to his high rank In his class and his general bearing toward his associates. If the court-martial was composed of men of his own class or of classes in the academy while he was there it is barely, and just barely, possible that such members might have held a grudge eighteen years which would have caused them to io late their oaths to convict him, but it is not remotely probable. It is safe to add that not a classmate of Captain Carter's could have been a member of the court, for the reason that none of them could have been his superior In rank. It Is not possible that his classmates could have influenced men who had been years In the service when Captain Carter entered the army. The story which will attract most attention is that of one of his counsel, Mr. Frank P. Blair, who says that Captain Carter made enemies of the lexlera of the company that has been trying t- get Congress to place the construction of the Nicaragua canal under its control. Mr. Bla'r states that Carter said, in a sreech nfter he was named as one of the commission of engineers, that he would go to the net torn of the matter, and that after that speech he was assigned to another duty an. subsequently called to answer to the charges on which he his been convicted. If Carter made such a speech It was an implication that his elder and able associates In the commission would not Investigate, but before the charges were preferred against him the commission had been appointed, so that there could be no motive to get rid of him. The report which the commission made did not lead Congress to give the construction and control of the canal over to Warner Miller's company or to pay that company a large sum of money for Its claim. Even If Captain Carter were objectionable to the officers of the Warner Miller company. It la not probable that It could have lnflu enced army officers to prefer the charges against Captain Carter, to be approved by all his superior officers and cause the secretary of war to select thirteen officers for .the purpose of convicting the accused, or at least a majority of that number. Who could have gone to General Otl., Colonel Kline, Colonel Hasbrouck and like officers of the highest character and Informed them that they must commit perjury In order to convict Captain Carter, who could no longer stand In the way of any company's scheme? If the counsel of Captain Carter have no better grounds than Mr. Blair has set forth In his affidavit and the assertion of Mr. MacVeagh upon which to base their de

mand for the setting aside of the verdict of the court-martial they should not succeed. Either the testimony does or does not convict. If any of the essential features of the testimony can be Impeached the counsel have not given such Information to the public The color line was drawn In an unusual way when the young woman drowning in the surf at Atlantic City refused the assistance of a negro swimmer who reached her first, and, though almost exhausted, waited fcr a white man a short distance behind him. Even at the point of death that young woman probably had a thought of "how she would look" brought to land with her arms about a black man's neck, and preferred to take further risks In order to secure a different rescuer. It was the ruling feminine passion, not race prejudice. A number of the Journal's exchanges are advising people who are In the country or at the seashore not to return to their city homes early in September. One might suppose that time is no object to the editorial authors of this sage advice, and that they see no reason but personal choice for any one cutting short an outing. As a matter of fact, however, all of them know from experience that an annual vacation of two weeks cannot be stretched from July to October. BUBBLES IX THE Allt.

Too Mnch for Him. Dollle Have you read "The Day's Work?" Chollie The day's work? How doosidly vulgar! Flshln. "Do you fish with flies?" "Oh, there are generally a few around, though the mosquitoes have the majority." Ills Humility. "Barker humbly says he is but an instrument in the hands of destiny." "I know he talks that way, but all the same, he thinks destiny has its hands full when It Is using him." The Cheerful Idiot. "Great excitement over the coming yacht race," sa!d the shoe clerk boarder, who tries to be spotty. "Yes," said the Cheerful Idiot, "and I am Inclined to think there is many a slip between the cup and the Llpton." YOUTHFUL DEGENERATES IIEIUIAX III NDHAISEX AND RICHARD HOEECK SIAKE CONFESSIONS. Say They Killed Richard Koeller for lleveuKe-Iolice Find Their Vallae Full of Novels and Weapons. CHICAGO, Sept. 4. In the presence of Chief of Police Klpley and Inspector Shea, and before a notary public, Herman Hundhausen, who, with Richard Hoeneck, was arrested late Saturday night, charged with the murder of Richard Koeller, their former schoolmate, made a full confession of the crime to-day. Revenge, and not jealousy of a woman, according to Hundhausen, was the motive, and the stabbing was done by Hoeneck with the knife found by. the police In his grip. The motive for the crime dates back to the time whea the three were companions in the town of Hermann, Mo., several years ago. A series of incendiary flits had occurred in Herman and other neighboring towns," and Hundhausen and Hoeneck were arrested and put on trial. Koeller, it is said, testified at the time to the effect that the two were implicated, and largely on his testimony convictions were secured. They swore to get even, and ever since, until the present, awaited the time when they could have revenge on Koeller. The murder was planned some time ago. Every detail, Including the way to escape was carefully discussed and agreed upon. It was the idea of the two to make their way to Baltimore via Cincinnati after the commission of the crime, and from thence take passage to Europe on a cattle steamer. To Detective Brazos, who served on the battleship Oregon during the Spanish-American war, and who took the famous journey around the Horn on that war vessel, la due the credit for securing the confession from Hundhausen. All day yesterday Hundhausen and Hoeneck persisted in their innocence of the crime under a severe examination. Last night the two were locked up in separate cells, and some time after Brazos, ostensibly under arrest for highway robbery, was put in the cell with Hundhausen. Brazos soon engaged in conversation with Hundhausen, and this morning the latter finally admitted the murder. Confronted by the confession given by Ms companion, Hoeneck broke down and admitted the truth of Hundhausen's statement under the interrogations of Chief Klpley and Inspector Shea. "I have for ten years intended to avenge my brother, who was assassinated in Hermann, Mo.," said Hoeneck. "I had been told that the father of George and Walter Koeller had been concerned in it. I came to Chicago, intending to kill both the boys. We found that George was at work, and went over the tracks and saw him through a window, but did not speak to him. We went back to the house and told the landlady that George had told us we could see Walter, even if he was sick. She let us in. It was dark, and when I spoke to Walter he was on the bed. He recognized my voice and spoke to me, at the same time drawing on his trousers. He lighted a match and held it up to light the gas. He succeeded, but just as he did I put an arm around him under his uplifted arms and stabbed him." "How many times?" asked the chief of police. "Three or four I do not remember Just how many; He cried murder not very loud, because the knife had gone deep, and we hurried out and took a street car. We had rooms at the hotel, but did not go back to them, intending to catch a train and get East as fast as possible. The policeman i.rrested us at Grand Crossing. I am sorry now that 1 killed him." After the confessions of both Hoeneck, who Is twenty, and Hundhausen. who la eighteen years of age Inspector Shea declared that the boys were degenerates of a pronounced type. "That story about avenging his brother's death Is bo5h." declared the Inspector. "The boys are degenerates." Both prisoners admit their Ideas of adventure were Inspired by the reading of dime novels, and several of these, together with revolvers, bowle knives and one or two obscene pictures, were found in their valise. The police believe that dime-novel reading had more to do with the crime than the desire for revenge. An Inquest on Koeller's body will be held Sept. 14 and both boys will be held without ball. Koeller's body will be shipped to h!s former home. In Hermann, Mo., for burial. "LYNCH HIM!" THEY YELLED. Wild and "Woolly New Yorkers Try to Mob a Policeman's Slayer. NEW YORK, Sept. 4. Michael Farrelll, the Italian saloon keeper who shot Policeman Patrick O'Keefe yesterday when the latter was about to arrest him for violating the excise law, made an attempt to escape from two detectives by trying to jump from an elevated train platform. He was held, screaming and cursing. In front of the courthouse a crowd of about one thousand persons had gathered and when the prisoner appeared there were cries of "Kill him! Lynch him!" from all sides. A rush was made for Farrelll and It required the strenuous efforts of a dozen court officers to clear a passage for the Italian to the courtroom. Farrelll. when arraigned, denied the charge against him and said that O'Keefe had been shot by one Giuseppi Ferrlolcel. He was remanded in order to allow the officers to make an investigation. Mrs. Farrelll was also remanded for examination. It was said in court that Farrelll was at one time a resident of New Orleans and was a member of the Mafia. His saloon in New Orleans. It was said, was the headquarters of the gang and it was there that the plot to assassinate Chief of Police Hennessy was hatched.

ALL OVER THE STATE

LABOR DAY WAS WIDELY OBSERVED IX INDIANA YESTERDAY. Business Almost Entirely Suspended and the Celebrations on the Holiday Order. MOUNT AT CRAWFORDSVILLE GOVERNOR MAKES A SrEECH THAT ALL t'XIOX MEX SHOULD READ. Imposing Industrial Parade at South Dend-lnlon Miners- Celebrated at Brazil. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. CRAWFORDSVILLE, Ind., Sept. 4. It was Labor day in Crawfordsvllle, but there was little labor outside of the restaurant and peanut stands. The holiday nature of the event could not be mistaken. Counter-attractions to Governor Mount, who made the address, and the ball game, were street rope performers, cake walkers, athletic contests, clowns to make the crowd laugh and balloon ascensions. It was undoubtedly the gayest day all around ever seen In Crawfordsvllle, and was the first celebration of the kind ever held In this city. People here never knew what Labor, day meant before. The labor union committees worked earnestly and achieved a great success. It is even felt that the coming street fair will have to be a "boomer" to throw this celebration In the shade. Every man, woman and child within a thirty-mile circle was In the town unless unavoidably detained. Special trains were run from Lafayette and Greencastle over the Monon, and .the Vandalla and Big Four brought in large delegations and several of them were accompanied by bands. Platforms had been erected at every cross street in the business part of the city and on these places could be seen vaudeville acts for the free entertainment of the crowds. There were band concerts, jubilee singers and the iron-jawed man holding on with his teeth and making a slide for life down a wire from the tower of the city building. Something was going on all the time. All business was suspended. The address for the occasion was made by Governor James A. Mount, who formerly lived near this city "and who now owns a farm near Shannondale. .where he has earned a wide reputation as a laborer and a friend of the laborer. Governor Mount was met at the morning train by a delegation of worklngmen, headed by a band, and escorted to the R. O. S. of A. Hall for a formal reception. At 10 o'clock the grand parade was formed In charge of Lieutenant G. S. Harney. In the parade that acted as an escort for Governor Mount and party were the police, fire department, bands, G. A. R. comrades, Ben-Hur Zouaves, cadets, labor organizations, carriages and Industrial displays. At 10 o'clock Governor Mount and party wero escorted to the courthouse, where a decorated platform had been erected near the south door, with the Governor's picture hanging from the front. Mayor Elmore said that he had turned the keys of the city over, to the laboring men and W. P. Daggett introduced Governor Mount, wearing a labor badge on his coat lapel. Governor Mount's Address. Governor Mount's address covered the field of labor and capital to some extent and contained pointed remarks on the rights of each, as well as giving his views of the importance of labor unions. He recited the history of strikes and showed that arbitration should take their place. His address in full follows: The observance of Labor day is eminently appropriate. We should extol the agencies that exalt our greatness. We should honor the people that create our wealth. Hands and clothing soiled by honest toil should be badges of honor rather than marks of disfavor- The shirtfront of spotless whiteness ddes not always cover the purest heart, and the cleanest hands do not inldlcate the most blameless life. "In the sweat of his face shall; man eat bread" is the divine decree. "In all labor there is profit, but the talk of the Hps tends only to penury," is a proverb as true to-day as when uttered by Solomon. Let us on this day, dedicated to labor, devote our thoughts and words to the honoring and uplifting of worklngmen and women. The laboring people of the United States need no empty encomium of speech. Their achievements proclaim their honors more eloquently than words can picture. The marvelous development of the United States finds no parallel in the history of nations. We have outstripped in growth and surpassed in greatness the mightiest nations of earth. We have arisen quickly to this eminent place of honor and distinction. It Is opportune, therefore, that we study the forces that have enabled us thus to rise to prominence and to power. Within a century we have compassed a wilderness and transformed a continent into fruitful fields yielding abundant harvests. We have spanned mighty rivers, tunneled mountains, constructed thoroughfares, bullded cities and towns and dotted the land with happy homes, schoolhousea and churches. The land has been grldlroned with railroads and checked and Interlaced with telegraph and telephone lines. We have freighted these railroads with produce and covered the seas with commerce. Whence has come this mighty change? What magic wand has touched this continent and wrought this wonderful transformation? The hand of toll hath wrought mightily in this land, leaving upon it the insignia of beauty and prosperity. PRIVATION AND TOIL. In order that we may enter into closer unison and more perfect appreciation of what labor has wrought let us glance for a moment at the privations and hardships incident to its mighty achievements. We behold the pioneer as he starts on his mission of conquest into the unbroken wilds of the forest. With his earthly possessions loaded into an emigrant wagon he passes over the hills, down into the valley and is lost to view in the density of the forest. If you penetrate this forest In the early morn you may see the flash of steel in the sunlight not of sabre or bayonet, but of the woodman's ax. Listen and you will hear the stroke of the ax and the crash of falling trees. Look and you will see smoke not the smoke of battle, but of the clearing around the cabin. Listen again and you will hear music in the cabin not the swet strains of piano or harp, but notes from the loom and wheel, blending in harmonious concord with the strokes of the woodman's ax and maul In labor's song that heralds the coming victory, as grand and far-reaching In results as any won on the field of mortal combat. From the mine, the mountain, the forest, the field and flocks come the things that are fashioned In furnaces. In factories, in mills and in shops for human comfort, happiness and prosperity. So well understood Is the law that labor creates wealth and is essential to growth and greatness that smokeless chimneys and silent wheels denote calamity and disaster. The nation that best employs its productive energy and stimulates its creative power through liberal wages and encouragement to inventive genius Is the nation that will most rapidly augment its products and increase its wealth. The writer of a poem supplies a want of the human heart as truly as the miner who delves Into the mountain or descends Into the mine, bringing forth ore and fuel to supply bodily wants. They who write for the guidance of the people perform a work as needful as they who fashion at the forge. Tht- minister who devotes his life to the spiritual uplifting and moral development of the people Is laboring as truly as they who provide food and raiment. Mind must control might, if we would go on prospering and to prsoper. From Mulhall's Dictionary of Statistics, fourth edition, at Page 613. it appears that the food products of the ' United States in US6 amounted to 130,800,000 tons, or 4W.CO0 tons more than the food product of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Denmark and Hol

land combined. Our manufactured products amounted to tt.mono.CK). The United Kingdom produced $4,3S0,000.O00, or the value of manufactured products in the United States exceeded by J3SO.000.000 the combined output of textile fabrics, hardware and sundries of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, Russia, Austria, Spain, Belgium and the Scandinavian countries. See Page 765. On Page 81S the wealth of the United States Is given at JS1.650.000.C00: that of the United Kingdom at $59,023,000,000. The wealth of the United States. In the census report of 1SW, Is given at $16.159.615,(tf.S, showing an increase between I860 and 18J6. a period of thirty-six years, of J65.4W.3S3.932. These statistics reveal the marvelous showing that, in this brief period of time, the Increase of wealth In thLs country exceeds the total wealth of Great Britain by $6.3.J3.3S3.f:?2. I have seen the statement that the English statistlciaa Mr. Mulhall. places the aggregate wealth of the United States in 1893 at $:2,000.000.000. The exports from the United States 1ft each of the past two years exceed any former years by over T200.000.noo. Each of these years went beyond $1,223,010,000 in the aggregate. SIGNIFICANT LESSONS. Without dwelling on these statistical facts, which reveal the mighty growth and matchless prosperity of this country, without discussing the wonderful results that have come to us in the building of. 150,000 miles of railroads In less than two-score years, let us study the significant lessons they teach, and thereby learn to honor and the better to appreciate the tolling people whose Industry has created this wealth and placed us pre-eminently above all the governments of earth. It Is safe to assume that one-half of all the working people of the United States are engaged in some of the departments of agriculture. Most of them are owners and proprietors or managers of the Interests that engage their attention, and hence not affected by the conditions that confront employes in large enterprises, factories, mines or other Industries where men are employed In large numbers. In the early history of our country large establishments were the exception and small Industries the rule. The hand loom was found In the home, where the fabrics for home consumption were prepared, and where, likewise, shoemaklng and mending vas carried on. I was a good-sized boy before I was ever clad or shod in anything else than home-manufactured and homemade' wares. Under this regime competition was at a minimum, as In each community, almost without exception, from the hand loom to the shoemaker's bench, all the wants of the people were supplied by home artisans, whose competitive Influences did rot extend beyond their respective neighborhoods. Crude work at home, supplemented by the local blacksmith, furnished the farm Implements. But these conditions have changed. The "factory system" has been inaugurated. Associated capital, labor-saving machinery and improved mechanical appliances have enormously increased the output of manufactured articles in all departments of Industry, often far beyond the demands of competition and trade. These conditions have created competition in its most Intensified form. Efforts to reduce the cost of output of finished products becomes a principle. In these efforts, reduction of wages Is one of the first means to the end. Here trades unions find a necessity for their existence. They are the legitimate, necessary and logical outgrowths of the factory and competitive system. Worklngmen foresaw the danger of the ever-recurring tendency toward reduction of wages to meet the demand of sharp competition in the overstocked markets of trade, and without some means of self-defense labor would be reduced to pauperism and serfdom. Do I put this too strongly? The refusal of large contractors to pay American wages to American workmen, and the Importation of cheap contract labor from Europe reveal the corporate greed that would dishonor American manhood, and emphasize the need, of labor organizations. GROWTH OF UNIONS. . At first, trades unions in this country were organized solely to secure and maintain better wages, but they have broadened the purpose and enlarged the usefulness of such organizations. There is being Interwoven Into most labor organizations, especially the older and most progressive, fraternal features. These purposes will widen with the lapse of time, and through discussion and enlarged experience greater ends will be sought and grander achlevments attained. The home must be exalted and efforts put forth to elevate Its standard. Through the labor organizations, and by laboring men not members of such organizations, there should be constant effort to promote the Interests of working people. This can best be accomplished by elevating the standard of Intelligence, by Inculcating among worklngmen the Important truth that the employe who best serves his employer likewise best serves himself. The employer who wins the confidence and cooperation of his employes, by just and fair treatment, displays sound economic wisdom. Fair dealing, co-operation and profit-sharing will prove to be wiser than strikes, boycotts and lockouts. Here is a field for capital to display fine executive ability, sound economic wisdom and a progressive philanthropic spirit as well. The National Cash Register Manufactory, conducted by the Patterson Brothers, at Dayton, O., Is the brightest, grandest example to be found. Illustrating this system. Joseph Jefferson says It combines utility and philanthropy. It makes money and happiness at the same time. In this country and parts of Europe the co-operative system is being Inaugurated, and capital is being invested on the co-operative and profit-sharing plan. The number and influence of these associations are growing with the passing years, and give promise to revolutionize our Industrial svp'em. in th full fruition of this new system, when firmly established, wherein dth workman In his associated capacity becomes his own employer, society will witness the end of that trio of gigantic evils, the strike , the lockout and the boycott. Conservative estimates place the number of organized laborers In the United States at 1.500.000. These workmen are divided into: first. Federated Labor; second. Knights of Labor; third, non-federated trades unions. These great organizations, under wise, conservative leadership, can be a power in promoting workingmen's interests. The strike, the lockout and the boycott are losing favor In the public estimation. All methods tending to engender strife and promote discord will meet with public disapproval. Indiscreet leaderships engender the bitterness that culminates In lawlessness. , ending sometimes in bloodshed and destruction of property. Such leadership will prove destructive to the cause it seeks to promote. Men In all the walks of life must learn that others have rights to be respected. A HINT TO STRIKERS. Each Individual has a right to freedom of choice and action so long as he does not impinge on the rights of others. No individual or organization has a right to forcibly disturb the amicable relationship that exists between any other individuals in their capacity as employers and employes. The keen sense of fairness and Justice that actuates the American citizen jvill not long tolerate any Infraction of the tights that belong to every citizen of our country. We must all, sooner or later, learn that our rights end where the rights of others begin, even if we learn the lesson as did the bully from the little Irishman. A staivart six-footer took a position on the sidewalk and. with his long arms, proceeded to knock everybody who came In reach, declaring "My rights extend as far as the ar;ns God has given me can reach." A little Irishman came along and his nose came Into close proximity with vhe r.uh'j fists', nd he was sent sprawling. Quickly recovering he took his cap and rolled It in the sand and dirt and promptly slapped It into the eyes of the bully, completely blinding him, then proceeded to thrash the big fellow, repeating "I'll teach you that your rights end where my nose begins." This important lesson must be emphasized, and a lawful court of arbitration, where reason dominates, should be established to adjust all differences and settle all grievances. I am glad to know that organized labor is taking the lead In seeking to settle differences In this way, and avoid, as far as possible, the necessity for the strike. My sympathies were all with the coal strikers In 1897. During the panic that had preceded the coal operators In seeking markets had cut prices of coal and, as a consequence, the scale had been reduced below "decent, living wages." I therefore Issued a proclamation, asking the people of the State to contribute to the relief of the distressed miners. It was cheaper and more humane to offer them bread than to try to keep them arbitrarily quiet In their hunger. I recommended to the Legislature in 1S07 the enactment of a law creating labor commissioners and providing for a court of arbitration. The wisdom of this law, which provides for the settlement of differences in a court of reason. Is shown by the following extract from the report of this commission-: "The commissioners have. In a little more than eighteen months, investigated thirtynine strikes and lockouts. They failed In but seven Instances to adjust differences, and In two of these one party to the contests was nonresident, over whom the commissioners had no Jurisdiction. In four of the cases the commission Investigated and reported the conditions of settlement. In twenty-eight contests satisfactory arreements were secured throujh the mediation of the commission, and In nlnttctn cf thts

settlements the worklngmen secured either an advance in wage3 or other improved conditions. The commission was also instrumental In having two boycotts declared off, and in five instances prevented strikes through timely mediation. So favorable has been the impression of this peaceable adjustment on both employers and employes that frequent expression has been made to the effect that the services of this commission be Invoked before allowing a strike to be inaugurated. "Through the efforts of the commission 13,815 strikers have been put to work. Thus it is manifest that hundreds of thousands of dollars have been saved to capital and labor within our bordtrs. the peace and dignity of the State preserved, serious conflicts between employers and employes averted and safety to life and property secured." STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS HURT. The following tables tell their own story and declare more forcibly than words that some means better than strikes and lockouts must be inaugurated. In thirteen and one-half years there were in the United States 14,330 strikes of more than one day's duration. These strikes Involved 69,167 establishments and 3,714,406 employes were thrown out of employment. The following tables show the number of strikes In each year from Jan. 1, 15S1, to June 30, 1894: Estab- Aver- Employes llsh- age to a thrown Year. Strikes, ments. strike. out. 1SS1 571 2.S2S 6.2 129.521 182 454 2.105 4.6 154.671 1S83 47S 2,755 5.8 14V.63 18S4 443 2.367 5.3 147.054 1885 645 2.284 3.5 242.705 1885 1.432 10.053 7.0 508.044 1887 1,436 6.589 4.6 319,726 1888 906 3.506 19 1474 18S9 1,075 3.i86 3-5 249.559 im 1,833 9.424 5.1 351,944 1891 1.718 8.117 4.7 299.064 1892 1.28 5.540 4.3 2Xi 67L 1893 1.105 4.555 3.5 265 914 1894 (6 m't's) 896 5.154 5.8 4S2.M Total 14.390 69.167 4.8 3,714,406 The following table shows the success, partial success and total failures of the foregoing strikes for the time above specified, namely from Jan. 1. 1881. to June 30, 1894, thirteen and one-half years, being the last reports on this subject issued by the government: Partly Year. Succeeded, succeeded. Failed. 1881 61.37 7.00 31.63 188S 53.59 8.17 38.24 1883 58.1 16.09 25.74 1884 51.50 n.3.89 44.61 1885 52.80 9.50 37.70 1886 34.45 18.82 46.58 1887 45.64 7.19 47.17 1888 52.22 5.48 42.30 1889 46.49 18.91 34.C0 1890 52.64 10.01 37.34 1S91 f. 37.87 8.29 53.84 1892 39.31 8.70 51.93 1893 50.82 10.32 38.79 1894 (6 months).. 23.83 15.66 61.51 Average 44.49 11.25 44.23 . Recapitulating, the last foregoing table shows that for the specified thirteen and one-half years indicated, out of a total of 69,167 establishments at which strikes occurred, the employes were successful 30.772 times, or 44.49 per cent.; partially successful in 7,779 Instances, or 11.25 per cent., while in 30,597 Instances, or 44.23 per cent., they failed. In addition to the foregoing there were for the same period 6,067 lockouts, and In 2.447 of these the firms gained and in 581 the firms were partially successful, while in 2,897 instances the employes were successful. THROWN OUT OF WORK. The following table shows the number of employes thrown out of employment during the years indicated in the "successful strikes," "partially successful strikes" and In "strikes which failed:" In In part- In strikes Total successful ly sue- which number Year. strikes, cessful. failed. Empl'ys. 1881 55,600 17.482 53.439 129.521 1882 45,746 7,112 101.813 154.671 1883 55,140 17.024 77.599 149.763 1884 52,736 5,044 89,274 147,054 1555 115,375 23,855 103.475 242,705 1556 195,400 74,167 238.229 508,044 1557 127,629 26.442 225.655 379,726 1888 41.10S 11,130 95,468 147,704 18S9 72,099 62.607- 114.853 249,559 1890 158,787 48.444 144.681 351,944 1891 80.766 22.885 195.413 299,064 1892 61,125 16,429 129,117 206,671 1893 62,018 4L765 16,741 265,914 1894 (six months).. 65,048 88,391 328,627 , 482,066 Total . 1,188.575 462,777 2.061.3S4 3,714,406 .The following table gives the loss sustained by employes, the assistance given them by labor organizations and the loss cf employers because of strikes during the years indicated: Employes Assistance Empl'y'rs' Year. loss. to strikers. loss. 1881 $3,372,578 $287,999 $1,919,483 1882 9,864,228 734.339 4,269.094 1883 6.274.480 461,233 4.696.027 1884 7.666.717 407,871 3.393.073 1885 10,663.248 465.827 4.388.892 1883 14.992.453 1,122.130 12.357.808 1887 16.560.534 1.121,554 6.698,495 1888 6,377,749 1,752.668 6.509,017 1889 10.409.686 592.017 2.936,752 1890 13.875,338 910.285 5,135.404 1891 14,801.714 1,132.557 3,177,288 1892 10,772.622 833.874 5,145,691 1893 9,238,471 528,869 15,557,166 1894 (six months) .. 28,238.471 528.S69 15.557,166 Total $163,807,806 $10,914,406 $82,590,386 Total loss to employers and employes, $257,312.65S. TRUSTS A MENACE TO LABOR, The report of the labor commissioner! reveals the fact that trusts are and will continue to be the aggressive foe of labor. The report says: "No proposition involving settlements of labor controversies present as great obstacles as those in which trusts are parties to agreements. In every encounter with labor, the worklngmen, however Just their cause, emerge from the conflict the greater sufferers." So far as large aggregations of capital enable the proprietors, in a legitimate way, to better economize and to minimize the cost of production, they cannot be said to be against public policy and public weal. Large aggregations of capital give augmented powers. Corporations do not form for the purpose of serving the public, but to subserve private ends. These combinations are atle to arbitrarily control the output, hence, having control oil supply, they regulate demand and prices, bmall industries are closed, and labor suffers. In brief, -any coalition, corporation or combination, formed in restraint of commerce or trade, or that controls the price of any article of commerce or merchandise, la a menace to public good. It is possible for the laboring man in this country to have a comfortable home, well furnished. It is impossible tor the laboring man to indulge in dissipating habits and secure or keep a home with furnishings needful to comfort, convenience and happiness. I trust the insiduous evil of intemperance will not be overlooked. Millions of dollars earned by worklngmen go to gratify intemperate habits that ought to go to the purchase of a home and its beautifying and furnishing: supplying books, papers, magazines, musl: In hhort. towards making the home a little Eden of sunshine and happiness. I speak thus plainly to worklngmen, for my heart has often been filled with sorrow as I have seen the money earned by day-labor worse than thrown away, that should have contributed to the happiness of a home and family. In conclusion, may I be Indulged In words that are in some manner personal, but pertinent to a Labor day celebration, which calls up memories that cluster around and events that center in this dear old county of Montgomery. TO RETIRE FROM POLITICS. Seventy-one years ago my parents came from Shelby county, Kentucky, Into the unbroken forests of this county, and built a cabin in the woods. In the midst of privations and hardships they patiently tolled. In a single sprlns my father, for twenty-two days, assisted his neighbors In their heavy log rollings, going as far as five miles to aid in this heavy work. My mother, on the hand-loom, wove the fabrics, and with hands as busy as Dorcas's, of the apostles time, fashioned the garments for a large family. Reared amid euch environments, could I be other than the friend of those who toil? It was a proud day in my life when I was permitted to return from the civil war to the county where my parents gave their energies to create a home. It was the consuming ambition of my life to cwn a home in this county of sacred memories. Hands willing to toll and heart willIrg to endure were my equipment. In my efforts I was sustained and aided by my dear wife, whose life as a school girl had been ppent in study, but who was ready to join me in the earnest effort to secure a home. A quarter of a century was given to intense manual labor. Just as our hopes were being realized and abundant reward had crowned our efforts.' I was chosen to assume larger responsibilities and to bear burdens more exacting than those of my farm life. When, in the providence f f God, 1 shall have finished these duties. I shall return to the home made racred by reason of the struggles and tolls and the holy memories that cluster there. It Is ray porpoe

there to dwell until life's busy tolls aro ever, and I am called to cross the silent river to rest.

Accident to Sllde-for-Ltfc Man. Fractal to the lndInpoll JournalCRAWFORDSVILLE. Ind.. Sept. 4.-Im? mediately after Governor Mount's Lr.borday Fpeech, at the courthouse this afternoon. Prof. C H. GuUiham attempted to make a "sli-le for life," hanging by his teeth from a pull?y on a wire stretched from the top of a business block to the courthouse corner, a block distant. He made the start and went rushing throujrh the air at gTeat speed, while the thousands In the street below gazed in open-mouthfd wonder at the daring feat. When about half way down the wire he put on the break to slacken his ped. but the break was out of order and completely blocked the pulley, causing it to stop. The sudden jerk broke his urper Jaw. end he plunefd to the ground, falling amonc the crowd. His upper tetth were turned up against his nos. and he will never be able to repeat his wire performance. He was not much hurt by the fall. He struck upon bis hips, ar.d.was.bruUed comrlderably. OTHER LAnOR DAY EVH.TS. ' Unique Feat arm ot the Celebration at South Bend. Fpeclal to the Iirinapoli5 Journal. SOUTH BEND, Ind., Sept 4. There were six thousand visitors in town to-day to witness the celebration of Labor day. In the forenoon' speeches were delivered and in the afternoon a parade three miles long passed through the principal streets. Well-known South Bend women appeared in carriages gorgeously decorated with flowers. The first prize was swarded to Mrs. J. M. Studebaker. sr.. and the second to Mrs. Edmund A. Chockelt. The prize for the best decorated pony trap was awarded to little Miss Florence Barrett. The features of the industrial parade were the exhibits of the merchants and manufacturers. Hon. Clem Studebaker and J. M. Studebker. sr., the only living brothers of the celebrated firm, appeared on one float clad In workingmen's clothes. Ciem Studebaker was at the forra and his brother at the bench. To-night thcie was a monster bicycle parade. I'nlon Picnic at Mecca. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. MECCA, Ind.. Sept. 4.Local Unions 4S3 U. M. W. of A., and 7412, A. F. of L., had a big picnic at this place to-day. Several neighboring unions were represented by large delegations and the crowd was estimated at 3,000. Hon. F. J. S. Robinson of Cleveland. Rev. Demetrius Tlllotson of Terre Haute and Prof. W. B. Wood of Kingman were the speakers. In tlie afternoon two games of ball were play ?d. the Mm. between Coxvllle and Mecca teams, resulting 9 to 3 in favor of Coxvllle, and the second, between Coxvllle and Marshall teams, resulting 17 to 5 in favor of Coxvllle. The picnic was the first ever attempted by the local union and was a great success. Large premiums were paid to the ball teams. Industrial Parade at tt Albany. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. NEW ALBANY, Ind.. Sept. 4.-Labor day was celebrated to-day with a grand Industrial parade given" under the auspices of the Modern Woodmen of this city and Jeffersonvllle. Over one hundred floats were In the parade. In the afternoon a picnic was given at the fair gronuds. A number of athletic events were on the programme. Lucy Parsons Spoke at Danville. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. DANVILLE, 111., Sept. 4.-Labor day was observed here to-day by the various trades and labor unions of this vicinity. . There was a large parade In the morning, with) 1.500 men In line. The parade was followed by a large picnic. Mayor Bailey, of this city, and Dr. J. H. Randall and Lucy Parsons of Chicago, were the speakers. The Miners' Celebration. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. BRAZIL, Ind., Sept. 4. Labor day was celebrated In a fitting manner by the various labor unions in this county. The city was decorated, and thousands of people crowded the streets to witness the parade. Three bands participated. Vice President Dilcher. of the miners' organization, delivered the principal address. . , HANNA TO FIGHT M'LEAN THE SENATOR COMING HOME TO WHOOP IT" THINGS IX OHIO. He Says the Editor Ilat Loaded' Ills Double-Barrel Scatter Gun BInnd District Slajortty Manufactured. LONDON, Sept. 4. Rejuvenated by a course of treatment at German baths and a summer's visit to Europe, United Stales Senator Mark A. Hanna has returned to London for a few days' rest, previous to sailing for the United States on board the American line steamer St Louis on Saturday next. Senator Hanna is hurrying to Ohio to participate in the opening of the Republican campaign at Akron. From a conversation with the senator It was gathered that the zest with which he Is looking; forward to the conflict in Ohio is due to the fact that he recognizes that the cominff campaign will not only furnish the real answer to the question of the country's Indorsement of the national administration McLean for the governorship of Ohio there is an aspiration for the second place on the Democratic presidential ticket with Mr. Bryan, and, falling of election, a future contest for the United . States senatorship from Ohio. In such a competition Mr. Hanna Is anxious to participate, because It means the opening of the national campaign of 1900. "I do not concede," Mr. Hanna said, "that the congressional election In the late Representative Bland's district In Missouri last week affords any test of American sentiment In relation to national issues, for the election of a Democrat was a foregone conclusion, and the fact that the Democrats are calling it a test case gives ground for the suspicion that they made the majority to euit themselves, la Ohio, however, we have an opportunity. to make an open fight, and I am anxious to assist all In my iower to bring the issue to a successful conclusion. The Republican party, nationally and locally, has no cause to tear the combat on the Issues as now presented. Mr. McLean has undoubtedly loaded his double-barreled fowling piece, and that word lias a peculiar Ohio meaning, for In this contest he Is looking both to the vice presidency and the United States renatorship. which, I understand, has long been his ambition. It Is evident now tr.at the Democrats of Ohio, as well as of the Nation, are ready to make the issue anti-expansion and tret- Fliv-r Issues just as General Hancock used the tariff issue In 1S80 that is. seek to make local Issues of them. They will use each cock in whatever pit they think It will fight best free silver In the Southwest and antlexpanslon in New England. "President McKinley In his speech at Pittsburg has already outlined the executive'. policy of expansion, and 1 have no doubt what we will do In CongTess in supporting that polic Bryan and Croker have already come to an arrangement, hopins to secure the offices In l?ou. but it is my own opinion that the Philippine war will be concluded and the congressional policy determined before the first vote is cast in 190. -I cannot see how, with Mr. McLean as a candidate, the Democrats can say much about trusts." Senator Hanna continued. The free-silver Issue Is evidently vreferable to them. That question has already been threshed out in the United States. The country is abundantly prosperous, and the on'y trouble now Is to secure transportation facilities, more crops and more merchandise. All over Europe I have found evidences of the wisdom of our policy In maintaining the gold standard, and with regard to the Philippine Islands. President MeKtnley's speech on the latter subject will find a ready respons with the American people, and I am returning home to renew the fight firm in the belief in the success of such Republican principles." Injured' In a Runaway Accident. RACINE. Wis.. Sept. 4 In the town of Burlington, twenty-five mtirs west, from six to ten persons were Injured In a runawav. Thoe seriously hurt are: DhvIJ IafTney, hip broken, ribs fractured and Injured internally, may be fatal; Nicholas May. sr., leg broken, cut and bruised; Warren Sproat, traveling man. of Racine, leg broken and otherwise Injured: Eddie Car bell, a boy, arm broken near the shoulder; A. Brownirand Frank Utrl?r. badly brui'-i.