Indianapolis Journal, Volume 49, Number 207, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 July 1899 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, JULY 26, 1899.

THE DAILY JOURNAL N .

WEDNESDAY, JULY 26. 1809. Washington Office 1503 Peonsjlvanla Avenue. Telephone Cnlls. TSusln Oflc. 228 J Editorial Roms M TKH.MM of subscription. DAILT BT MAIL v Dally only, one fhonth .70 Il! cnly. three months z 00 Pally only, ene year s-0, I'allr. Including Sunday, one year 10. Sunday cnly, on year 2.00 WHEN FURNISHED BT AGENTS. Ial!y, per week, by carrier ct Fun-lay, slnai copy 8 cts Dally and Bandar, per week, by carrier.... M cts WEEKLY. Ter year 1. V Reduced Rate to Clubs. Subsrrihe w4th any ef our numerous agents or end subscriptions to the JOURNAL . NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Ind. Persons sending the Journal through the malls In the United States should put on an licht-pag paper a ONE-CENT postage stamp: on a twelve cr slsteenage paper & TWO-CENT poetace tamp. Foreign postage Is usually double these rates. All communications Intended for publication In this paper must. In order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address ef the writer. Rejected manuscripts will not be returned unless postage is inclosed for tbat purpose. THE 1XDIANAPOLI9 JOURNAL. Can be found at the following places: KEW YORK Astor House. CHICAGO Palmer House, P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street. Great Northern Hotel and Orand Pacific Hotel. CINCINNATI-J. II. Ilawley & Co.. 1M Vina street. t-OUISVTLXE C. T. Deertng. northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cox. 2if Fourth avenue. T. LOUIS Union News Company. Union Depot. .Washington; d. c.-Rirrs nousa, EbMtt House and Wlllard's Hotel. f ' If there Is power enough In Ohio to suppress mobs and enforce law and order it should be brought to bear In Cleveland. If England agrees to a settlement of the Alaskan boundary question Canada will probably conclude to fail In line. The tail goes with the kite. Mr. Wanamaker's Philadelphia paper calls the New York Journal a thief, and then begins an editorial with "Otis will be retired." which is the New York Journal's style. The two yellow Journals of New York whose Influence went to foment the streetrailway strikes know how it la now that the newsboys have struck against the prices demanded for the papers. ' One of these days Agulnaldo will excuse his refusing peace on the ground that his friends in the United States deceived him by representing themselves as many times more numerous than they are. A really intelligent paper urges the Presi dent to remove Adjutant General Corbin. who Ls a brigadier general in the regular army. The only way to get rid of such an officer ls by court-martial upon charges and specifications. The continuance of the strike in Cleve land, with its attendant rioting, ls a dis grace.' The local authorities should have restored order long eince, and if they were not able to do It the State authorities should have done so. Mr. Bryan should not be criticised for de claring for the Goebel ticket In Kentucky with the air of one having authority, for the reason that his party has made him Its head and leader as no man before him was ever the dictator of a party. The acquittal of Captain Dreyfus on his second trial ls as clearly foreshadowed as his conviction was on the first one. His acculttai will be substantial Justice, but the manner in which it is foreshadowed Is characteristic of French methods. "Colonel Ingersoll's teachings," eald one of the few preachers who assailed him after death, "are responsible for such crimes aa that of Valentine, the bank-wrecker." But Valentine, the bank-wrecker, was quite prominent in church and Sunday school. The New York Times suggests that Sep tember would be an excellent month for holding the national conventions next year. Because two montns are sumcient ior a campaign. Doubtless many will agree with the Times. Four or five months campaigns are wearisome. ir tne united states has to make a sec ond payment upon the demand of the Italian government ,to the families of Italian subjects lynched in the South it may set peo ple asking why It should not do something for the families of American citizens killed the same way. It Is believed in Washington that the present bluffing cttltude of Canada on the Alaskan boundary question ls intended to force England to take a decided stand. If It comes to that she is as likely to take a decided stand against the Canadian con tention aa for it. . The Maritime Exchange at New York has information from Manila that no less than 141 vessel have been transferred there from Spanish. German and British ownership to American In order to be admitted to Amer ican registry. This shows which way the trade wind is blowing. It ought not to be necessary to assure the. country that the President has no Intention of removing General Otis from the military command in the Philippines. It ls true he has not ended a difficult war in one cam paign, but he has accomplished important results and deserves well at the hands of the government. Capt. John BIgelow, of the regular army. who has caused some stir in military circles by criticising the conduct of the Santiago campaign by his superior officers, is a brother of Poultney BIgelow, who finds so much to condemn In the management of public affairs. The Bigelows do not seem to be appreciated. The Baltimore Sun. which was for years the leading Democratic paper In Maryland, and would like to be again, remarks that Hie Instant the sliver plank of the Chicago convention shall be affirmed "the election of a Republican President la 1S00 becomes an absolute certainty." Thousands of Democrats who will follow the procession hold the same opinion. The explanation of the dynamite conces sion which President Kruger, of the South African Republic, obtained for friends some years ago makes him the protector of ... . . . a real trust or monopoly, which is not to his credit. Because the legislative branch of the republic proposes to abolish the conces sion or monopoly President Kruger has re signed. The republic ls one in name only which permit a company the sole right to Import, manufacture and sell explosives &ed4 la eld raining, which, Is ou ftt the

lean!nS Industries of South Africa. That mining companies have been compelled to

pay three or four times the market price for explosives Is sufficient cause of Itself for opposition to the rule of Oora Kruger. a xnw reciprocity treaty. The conclusion of an Important reciproci ty treaty between the United States and France is supposed to finish treaty work under the Dingley tariff law. This ls the sixth treaty that has been concluded under that law, the others being with different British West India islands and with PortugaL The one with France is much the most important of any and will result in ma terial gains for American trade. The history of reciprocity from the first irception of the policy to the present time shows how natural it is fcr the Republican party to favor measures promotive of American interests and how Inevitably the Democratic party opposes such measures. At different times during the last ten years we have had reciprocity treaties with various colonies and countries. West India islands and South American and European coun tries, and In every Instance they have been opposed by the Democratic party. Not all of these treaties are equally beneficial to United States trade, but. in the aggregate, they contributed greatly to its increase. Some of them were framed under the reciprocity provisions of the McKInley tariff law of 1S50, and others under the Dingley law. All alike are equally odious to a party which advocates a policy that leaves no basis for negotiation. When the McKInley law was repealed all the reciprocity treaties that had been framed under it were swept away and our foreign trade soon showed a material falling off. The demonstrated suc cess of the policy and the vindication of Re publican methods made Democrats mad, and their national convention. In 1SSS, devoted a special resolution to denouncing "sham reciprocity which Juggles with the people's desire for enlarged foreign markets." The Wilson tariff "Juggled" with this desire In a very different way, as the people learned to their cost. The Dingley law made new provision for reciprocity treaties, and the result is apparent in six treaties negotiated during the present administration. The one Just concluded with France is the result of a negotiation begun nearly two years ago. soon after the passage of the Dingley law, and ls regarded by those who are compe tent to judge as very favorable to Ameri can interests. It serves as another reminder that the Democratic party never does any thing favorable to African interests. PRESIDENT LINCOLN'S FIRST AVAR 'secretary. The resignation of Secretary Alger has re called the fact that Mr. Lincoln's first sec retary of war, Simon Cameron, resigned "under fire," but the circumstances in that case were even more remarkable than those of the present case. The comrron opinion that Mr. Cameron was a failure as secre tary of war is not quite correct, and after he left the Cabinet Mr. Lincoln generously assumed the responsibility for some of the Important acts for which, he was criticised. Mr. Cameron's resignation was due partly to popular clamor and partly to disagreement between him and the President on matters of public policy. Ills appointment was purely a political one and was made without any reference to his fitness for the position In a time of war, which was then plainly foreshadowed. After Mr. Lincoln's election Pennsylvania, like some other States, claimed a Cabinet position. The secretary of the treasury was preferred, because of his relation to tariff and business interests in which Pennsyl vania was deeply interested. In the latter part of December, I860, the President-elect sent a request to Mr.' Cameron to visit him at Springfield, 111. As a result of this visit the Pennsylvania statesman took with him when he left the following letter: Springfield. 111.. Dec. 31. 1SC0. Hon. Simon Cameron: My Dear Sir I think fit to notify you now, that by your permission I shall, at the proper time, nominate you to the United states Senate for confirmation as secretary of the treasury, or as secretary of war which of the two I have not yet definitely decided. Please answer at your earliest con venience. Your obedient servant. A. LINCOLN. It is curious to note that, with the cloudE of war gathering very fast, Mr. Lincoln was In doubt whether he would make Mr. Cameron secretary of the treasury or sec retary of war. Of course, Mr. Cameron showed the foregoing letter to some of his friends, and as soon as It became known that he was to go into the Cabinet there arose a strong protest from the antiCameron faction and protective tariff Republicans In Pennsylvania. But there must have been opposition from another quarter. for, on the 3d of January, 1S61, three days after the foregoing letter was written, Mr. Lincoln wrote Mr. Cameron as follows: My Dear Sir Since seeing you thines have developed which makes it impossible for me to take you into the Cabinet. You will say this comes of an interview with McClure. and this is partly, but not wholly, true. The more potent matter 1j wholly outside of Pennsylvania, and yet I am not at liberty to 5ictny ii. .cuuuKii u un ii appears 10 me to be sufficient. And now 1 suggest that you write me declining the- appointment, in which case I do not object to its being known that It was tendered you. Better do this at once, before things so change that you cannot honorably decline, and I be compelled to openly recall the tender. No per son living knows or has an intimation that I wrlto this letter. Yours truly. A. LINCOLN. P. S. Telegraph me instantly on receiDt of this, saying, "All right." A. L. To this day it Is not known what "the more potent matter wholly outside of Pennsylvania" was. Mr. Cameron did not telegraph "All right." Instead of that he sent a confidential friend to Springfield, who explained the situation to Mr. Lincoln, and after a protracted conference Mr. Lincoln wrote Mr. Cameron another letter, in which he admitted that Mr. Cameron had never sought the appointment or Interview with him regarding it, and added: "You have not as yet signified to me whether you would accept the appointment, and with much pain I now say to you that you will relieve mo from groat embarrassment by allowing me to recall the offer." This let ter was written Jan. 13, 1R61, and dated back to Jan. 3, and Mr. Lincoln asked that it be substituted for the previous one of the latter date, which Mr. Cameron was re quested to destroy. The latter stood upon the flrst letter, tendering him the appolntment, and did not authorize Its recall Cabinet making had its difficulties then as cow, but in the end Mr. Cameron was, ap pointea secretary oi war. lie proved a true and faithful friend of Mr. Iincoln, but his enemies pursued him. During the first year of the war some difference of opinion sprang up between them regarding the treatment of the slaves, and Mr. Cam eron began to express a wish to retire from the Cabinet. Mr. Lincoln showed much tact and patience, but finally, on the 11th of January, ISC. he wrote Mr. Cameron: "As you have more than once expressed a de Lslre for a change of position, 1 can now gratify you consistently with my view of the public interest. I therefore propose r a rp, iitting y0u to the Senate next Monday,

as minister to Russia." Mr. Cameron accepted the position and made a very useful minister. Three months after he had left

the Cabinet, on the 30th of April, ISC the House of Representatives rassed the follow ing resolution: Resolved. That Simon Cameron, late sec retary of war. by investing Alexander Cumlnings with the control of large sums oi tne public money and authority to purchase military supplies without restriction, without requiring from him any guaranty for the faithful performance of his duties, when the services of competent public officers were available, and by Involving the government in a vast number of contracts with persons not legitimately engaged In the business pertaining to the subject-matter of such contracts, especially in the purchase of arms for future delivery, has adopted a policy highly Injurious to the public service and deserves the censure of the House. As soon as his other duties would permit Mr. Lincoln sent a special message to Congress In which, after reciting the circumstances under which he had issued certain orders attributed to Mr. Cameron, and reciting also the resolution of censure above quoted, he said: Congress will see that I should be wanting equally in candor and in Justice if I should leave the censnire expressed In this resolution to rest exclusively or chiefly upon Mr. Cameron. The same sentiment ls unanimously entertained by the heads of the departments who participated in the proceedings which the House of Representatives has censured. It la due to Mr. Cameron to say that although he fully approved the proceedings they were not moved nor suggested by himself, and that not only the President but all the other heads of departments were at least equally responsible with him for whatever error, wrong or fault was committed In the premises. These facts are interesting as showing that there was politics in Lincoln's time, and that popular clamor was sometimes unreasonable then as now. Mr. Lincoln's prompt assumption for himself and other members of his Cabinet of responsibility for acts Imputed by Congress to Mr. Cameron was characteristic. Mr. Cameron never could have made a great secretary of war and it was necessary there should be a change, but Mr. Lincoln gave Congress and the country to understand that some of the abuse and criticism of Mr. Cameron was undeserved. Quite a number of prominent colored men of Indiana are now holding a meeting In this city to discuss In a nonpolltical way the race problem and some other matters relating to the welfare of the colored people. Such a conference is as timely and appropriate as any other relating to social progress and reforms, but It should not dwell too much on the so-called "race problem." There ls no race problem in the North, and n the South It Is slowly but surely solving tself. As far as the North Is concerned ev ery colored man has a white man's chance. and, if he possess individual character and force, he come3 pretty near having it in the South also. The remarkable career of Book er T. Washington shows what a colored man who has the right kind of stuff in him can do in the South, and there are many others, not as well educated as he and less promi nent In a literary way, who are, In different spheres, vindicating their right to freedom and working out their salvation quite as successfully. The solution of the race prob lem for the colored race ls the same as for the white race the same in the South as in the North. It lies in the strenuous life In work. Industry and thrift, backed by Indi vidual character and determined effort to make the most of one's self and get on In the world. The colored men who are attend ing this conference have solved the race problem, as far as they are concerned, and nobody can solve It for another. It Is stated that the "arbitration or war" talk of Minister Laurier and Sir Charles Tupper, of the Dominion, does not please the British government. It is not surprising that It docs not, since these Canadian states men have assumed a tone of authority to which governments having treaty-making power rarely resort. The speeches, both of the Ministry and opposition leaders, can but be regarded as offensive to Great Britain and the United States. It Is reported that the British government is disposed to accept the proposition of the United States to give the Canadians freo commercial use of one cf the Alaskan ports of the United States without conceding a foot of land. Canada would not accept such a proposition, but has Insisted upon demanding extravagant concessions, with talk of war and threats of legislation hostile to Americans In British Klondike. The Chicago Tribune says: Chicago has more than ordinary interest In Ambassador Addison C. Harris, who is now entertaining Admiral Dewey In Trieste, because he got his education in the classic halls of Northwestern University at Evanston. He was born down in Indiana sixty years ago. t Mr. Harris was not only "born down in Indiana," but got his education down this way. The Northwestern University at which he was educated is located near this city and Is now known as Butler University. Howard Gould and family have been enJoying grand goodfellowshlp with Hoch der Kaiser and Adamzad. One. would think the De Castellane experience would have given the Gould family a nausea at the very mention of royalty. Hoke Smith calls the Filipinos a spirited people. Perhaps that is because the army of Agulnaldo ls spirited away at every approach of the American army. An Anarchist boy, in Chicago, drew a knife on his mother because she would not let him, do as he pleased. Who says there is nothing In home training? RUDDLES IX THE AIR. Excuse. "I am not the man," said the pickpocket, as he removed the gentleman's watch, "to take another man's time without good excuse." Modest Youth. He Do you really love me? She How many other girls have you asked that question? "None. I was always sure of It before." rarii-elng. Kansas Mother WThat will we name him? Funston? Kansas Father Not much! Don't you s'pose I want the right to lick him for goln swlmmln' when he gits a little older? Golf. "Are you up in golf language?" "Yes, indeed. Most of It I used when a boy." "Eh?" "When I got stung by a hornet or some happening of that sort." - The Moonshiner's "Woe. Augusta Constitution. 'This here government wants the earth." said the old moonshiner. "The revenue men caught me in the act an hauled me up beforo the Jedge. The Jedge looked like a reasonable man, an' I told him that I only run a 'still to buy shoed for my family. That's whar I made a break, for he says right off, says he: 'Well. I'm goln to give you a chance to make shoes for the gov ernment, an I 11 see to it that yer family Kits a pair o "em every six months.' Then he sent me up for two years." Not Deteriorating-. Baltimore American. A youth of Indianapolis, aged seventy. was lately cnastiaca ior misconduct by a hale and vigorous rarent of one hunderd and tlx. It Is idle, after an exhibit like this. to talk about the deterioration of the race.

SOME KENTUCKY FEUDS

LEADERS IN BLOODY ENTERPRISES ARE SOT IGNORANT MEN. The White-natter Vendetta. the French-Eversole Fend and the Tol-llver-3Iartln Trouble. Lexington (Ky.) Letter in New York Tribune. The mountain feuds of Kentucky are the results of natural causes. It ls difficult to Impress this fact on the xainds of men who live in law-abiding communities, where tho means of communication are ample and where new men are constantly coming in and members of old families going out. A faction in a political party obtains control of the official machinery and exercises It so tyrannically that the opposing faction begins to chafe under the injustice practiced against those who are not friends and retainers of the men in power, a personal encounter occurs It may be between men of little standing the factions take sides and support the actual belligerents, and within a few months the war Is on between powerful political enemies, albeit they may belong to the same party. The feud that has bean raging In Clay county is a pointed illustration of these facts. For more than a half century the White family has been ruling the political destinies of the people of Clay county, and Its members have either held all the offices or dictated the choice of the incumbents. Shut, out from tho world by. the hills and mountains, the Whites have been enabled to hold their own against the opposing faction In their own party, as no new citizens ever come into the county. This was the political situation In Clay, county two years ago, when Will White's term of office as sheriff expired and his brother, Bev White, Jr., who had been Will's deputy, became a candidate for sheriff. At that time nearly every county office was rilled by a White, and the incumbents had managed the affairs of the county In such a way as to secure the most financial and political benefit to the White family. The Philpotts, also an influential family of Republicans, became so muchuTssatlafied with the way in which the Whites were holding all the offices that they entered into a combination with Gilbert Garrard, son of General T. T. Garrard and a Strong Democrat, to support him for sheriff If he would make the race. The normal majority of the Republicans in Clay county ls 1.000, so that the Whites felt safe, but the Philpotts made so vigorous a canvass for the independent Democrat that Gilbert Garrard came within less than a hundred votes of being elected. This bitter campaign aroused a great deal of lll-feellng between the Whites on the one side and the Garrards. Philpotts and Bakers on the other. It was when this feeling was at Its highest point that A. B. Howard, a friend of the Whites, and Tom Baker, a Re publican, but a strong supporter of Gilbert Garrard, became Involved In the difficulty over the ludsment aealnst Howard which Baker had bought. When the Bakers and Howards got to fighting, the Whites naturally took sides with the Howards, and the Garrards supported the Bakers. It was largely on account of this fact that Tom Baker killed Will White. Will had been abusine the Bakers to old Mrs. Lucas, and she had told them that Will White had threatened to kill all of the Baker family, and when he met Will White he shot and killed him. This aroused all the dormant fire of the Whites, and they determined to avenge their brother's death by slaying Tom Baker at any cost, and so It was that when the State Guards took Baker to Manchester for trial this month his assassina tion was assured, at least In the minus or those who know how intensely the Whites can hate. FRENCH-EVERSOLE. The famous French-Eversole feud of rerry county was another illustration of the power of life tenure in office to promote a vendetta. The Eversolo family in Perry county occupied about the same position there as the Whites do in Clay county. No office could be held, it appeared, save by an Bversole or a relative of an Eversole. Ful ton French had political aspirations, at least for his friends, but he could not Induce the Eversoles to allow any of them to be elected. A trivial encounter brought on hostilities, and a mountain war resulted which cost the State of Kentucky more than $100,000 and rilled thirty-eight graves. Of these there are seventeen occupied by Eversoles who died with their boots on and at the hands of Fulton French a men: The Tolliver-Martln feud In Rowan coun ty, which was settled twelve years ago by Boone Logan, then a young lawyer, taking the law into his own hands and extermin ating the Tolliver.?, was another of the same kind. The Tclllvers ran everything in the way of an office in Rowan county with a high hand, and their followers became so terrifying to law-abiding citizens who had taken no Interest in the fight that they determined to stamp out the Toliivers, after about thlrtv men had been killed. The Strong-Amy feud of Breathitt county was also built on political oppression. The stroncs dictated the political destinies of the county and the Amys objected. The actual fighting began, as usual, over some trivial matter, and It was kept up wnn un varviner reeularlty until not only were thirty two men killed, but Capt. Bill strong, leaaer of his faction, and John Amy, leader of the opnaslne clan, were chot to death. The popular idea that the leaders of these feuds are men or low standing ana no cut ture is erroneous. The Whites are des?en J ed from the same family that produced John White, once speaker of the House of Representatives of the united States, ana they are closely related to John D. White, of Clay county, who has served two terms as congressman from the Tenth district. Fulton French i3 a leading lawyer, and his opponent, "Joe" Eversole, was a prosperous merchant and real-estate owner, whose brother. H. C. Eversole. ls circuit Judge of the Clay county district to-day. Boone Lcgan, the man who raised a little army of ir-0 men and exterminated Crals Toiliver and his clan, is now one of the leading at torneys at PinevUle, Ky., while the rela tlves of Capt. "Bill" Strong are prominent in politics in this and other States. One of his nephews is to-day United States com mlssloner at Jackson, the county seat cf Breathitt. "BAD TOM" SMITH. It is true that the actual fighting men In the average feud belong to the lowest strata of mountain society, many of them being unable to read and ready to kill a man for a small sum, provided their em ployer pays them promptly and stands be tween them and all danger of the law. One of the most accomplished man-killers de veloped by these feuds was "Bad Tom" Smith, who was the champion killer in the employ of Felton French. He was charged with killing eight men, and on the scaffold he confessed to having killed six. and gave details of his bloody work. He had always "come clear," as the mountain eers say, tor the killing he did for French, and it was only when he went to killing on his own account that, he ran afoul of the law. He murdered one Dr. Rader while the latter was asleep in bed, and for this he wa hanged. French succeeded In having him cleared for kllline the five men he con fessed to killing for him. In telling on the scaffold about the killing of one man who was especially obnoxious to French, Smith jald: "Mr. French paid me II a day and gave me all the bacon and meal I needed while I way ivine- out.' and when I killed a man who was badly wanted out of the way he would give me a new suit of clothes. You see. It ls mighty hard on clothes to 'lay out' for menv We have to cut bushes and lean them against a pole, so as to make a cunuY oenind which we eat and sleep and watch for the man we are to kill. It's awful tiresome business, and $1 a day ain't any too much. And when a man ruins his clothes lying In the dirt, there is nothing wrong ior .Mr. J-Tench to buy him new cioines. ' The masses of the people in these isolated mountain regions of Kentucky live In the most primitive fashion. In fact, they have been aptly called "our contemporary ancestors, iney speak tne language spoken Dy tne pioneers i.ij years ago. They say "Kiver" ior "cover." "craps for "crops.' "gwine" for "Koine." "thar" for "there." "wuz" for "was." "them molasses" for "the molasses." and use many other similar provincialisms. But the people are simple. unaneetea. without false modesty, intellectually bright and unreservedly hospita ble. They will do anything In reason to accommodate a stranser. but they love their native hills so well that they will not listen to harsh criticisms of their leading citizens. even though they be feud leaders. Many of the younir men and women of the moun tains are fairly well educated. They have been sent to Berea, to the Laurel Academy at London, to the academy at Jackson, to Harrow School at Cumberland Gap and to the State Coli oi Kentucky at Lexing

ton. Two of the highest honor students

at the latter institution this year, one a young man and the other a young woman. came from the mountain regions of the State. They will both engage in teaching among their own people. As an illustration of the simple lire these hemmed-ln mountaineers lead, it may be stated that their only amusements are sinking schools and debates, and these are rot followed assiduously. The women are the real burden bearers. They till the soil chiefly, milk the cows, rear the chickens, do all the housework and look after the stock. The men work principally at logging and hunting and fishing. It eeems strange to see in a mountain home half a dozen strong men sitting around fiddling or cleaning their rifles, and in the Held not zw yards away old and young women hoeing corn and cultivating the garden spot. Many of the women take their little children with them to the fields, and it is a usual sight to see a two-year-old tot playing in the dirt at its mother's feet whhe she la hoeinsr. The women dress in the simplest fashion. They wear sunbonnets and plain calico dresses, and in summer they wear only one garment, being innocent of ehoes, stockings and lingerie. As for corsets, few of the young women and none of the older ones know what they are. Probably as a result cf their natural way of living the women of the mountains are noted for the large number of children they bear. The average number born in wedlock in the counties of Clay, Laurel, Wayne, Knox, Bell, Harlan. Jackson, Breathitt, Leslie. Pike, Knott, Perry, Magoffin and the other mountain counties is seven, and families of from twelve to eighteen children are often to be found. One man in Breathitt county admits that he is the father of thirty-eight children, and ono woman in Jack son county has given birth to eighteen and all of them are alive and well. It is conceded that good roads, whereby these people could more readily mingle wHh the world outside, and by which outsiders could more often go among them, would do much toward making feuds impossible. MILLIONS WITHOUT OWNERS. Gobbled Up During the War and Now Lies In the Treasury. Philadelphia Record. "The records of the treasury are full of romances." caid a treasury official. "Take that bureau called the division of abandoned lands and property, for example. It Is In Itself one great romance. Why, there Is $13,000,000 in its keeping belonging to people in the South alone. You see, during and at the close of the civil war valuable property of all sorts fell into the hands of army of ficers, and was turned into the treasury. Finally the amount became so great that when William E. Chandler became assist ant secretary he created a division to have charge of the entire matter. More than 12.00y,000 charged to that division is the pro ceeds of cotton taken from plantations and towns all over the South and sold. "I know in one case In which $2,000,000 worth of cotton was taken from a far South plantation when the staple was worth $500 a bale and sold. The people to whom it be longed were not rebels at all, but wrere al ways loyal to the Union. They haven t on Idea where there cotton went to. Their names were on the bales and It wouldn't be difficult for them to make their case If they only knew what to do. It ls nearly thirtyseven years since the money was deposited there. I don t know whether any of the owners are alive or not. and If they are it ls hardly probable that they will ever get back what is really their own. All the testlmcny In the case Is in the possession of the government, and It never lets go any thing it gets its hands on. The agent who took this cotton is dead long ago. as is the' man who sold it. So you see the owners could not prove their case by either of them. "There are other instances similar to this. In 1S63 we received from a government agent more than $100,000, which was the pro ceeds of cotton taken from a foreigner supfiosed to be a blockade runner m one of the arger cotton cities of the South. When Secretary Mcculloch heard of this he said: " 'This money ls only held In trust by the government. Some day we shall be obliged to account for It, for the United States has really no right to keep it!' But from that time until now no demand has ever been made on us for it and there it lies. I doubt if the owner ever knew Just where it did go." Dynnmlte Strikers. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. The haphazard mangling and probable murder of street car passengers in Cleveland will open the eyes of those who believe in indulging the spirit of violence that at tends many strikes. A striker who pro ceeds to do bodily harm to some other man for accepting a chance to work is without the slightest Justification. He ls in revolt against the laws and must give an account ing to the laws, the sooner the better, lest his example infect others, and at length bring to thesurface the dynamiter and the train wrecker, as has happened in Cleve land. It ls but a step from such atrocities to looting the stores and burning the town. and all because the first acts of violence are overlooked or excused. Carrying on any industrial system with lists, clubs and dynamite is an impossibility, a wild and dangerous delusion. A firm policy at the start is the only course for those charged with the preservation of public order. Rare Mexican Coin. Savannah (Ga.) News. The Thomasville (Ga.) Guards are Just In receipt of a very rare coin, which was sent them to ne disposed or ior tneir denent by the Hon. . A. Bonnet, of Eagle Pass, Tex. The coin Is a Mexican peso, coined in 1SG7, during the short time Maximilian was Lmperor of Mexico. Mr. Bonnet bought this coin with some others during a visit to Mexico. He once lived in Thomasville and says he still loves old Georgia and takes a deep interest in everything that happens In the State. The guards are greatly Indebted to him, and believe they have a very rare and valuable relic. On Dangerous Ground. Chicago Times-Herald. "Why have you and Miss Beasley ceased to be friends?" "Oh. she has some queer notions. After she returned from Boston, a few weeks ago. she called me down because I spoke of a widow woman; and the next evening, while we were discussing the temperance ques tion, she referred to Miss Anthony as 'a maiden lady.' I asked her why 'widow woman was any worse than 'maiden lady,' and she took it as a personal insult." A Little Joke of Fate. Sydney Bulletin. A Melbourne lady, whose husband is in the bicycle trade, lost a gold nugget brooch the other day while whirling along on her wheel. A St. Kilda Hotel keeper got a punc ture in his tire the same day, and took the bicycle to the shop of the husband afore said, with the result that the wife s lost brooch was extricated from tne puncture. Providence enjoys a little joke occasionally. Why They Are Democrats). Chicago Times-Herald. Some Democrats believe In silver, some in gold: some are for expansion, some are 'aunties: ' some are for free trade, some are protectionists: some believe one thing. some another. But most of them don't know what they believe, and are Demo crats "because their daddlea were." Infringing Legislative Privilege. Chicago Post. The plan to put great combinations of capital under the exclusive contrbl of Con gress would be a severe blow to some legislators of some States, depriving them or many perquisites tney have come to re gard as rightfully theirs. Health and Business. Chicago Tribune. "Why don't you go to the Philippines?" asked the confidential friend. "You ought to be able to no a splendid business there." "Climate is too unhealthy," answered the umbrella manufacturer. "It rains seven months in the year." Goebel'a Lark of Qualification. Philadelphia Times. Goebel. of Kentucky, ls a teetotaler. Now. In case of his election as Governor, what experience has he to see snakes and know them in the various acts of the Legislature? Reasonable Explanation. Detroit Tribune. The only reasonable explanation of the $10 fine imposed upon the head of the Mormon Church ror polygamy is that the trial Judge cidn t have his Hie Insured. Needed at Home. Detroit Free Press. The authorities responsible for the main tenance of an orderly and ptable govern ment in Cleveland. O., should return from their summer vacation. Hint for the Peace Conference. Washington Post. TVrhans the crentlemen at The Harue might dispose of the Finns, the Boers and the Filipinos on a charge or carry leg con cealed weapons. .A Forgotten Reeourne. Chicago Record. Sir Wilfred Laurler says there are but two thines Canada can do arbitrate or tight. He forgets that Canada also has a chance

to back down. 4

HEROINE OF THE BRAZOS.

White Girl Who Risked Her Life to Save Colored People. St. Louis Post-Dispatch.' The heroine of the Brazos river floods In Texas Is ML'3 Ida Gray, the brave girl who saved eleven negroes from being washed off an Lsland and drowned. She forced a boat three miles through the perilous torrents and reached the knoll on which these hapless blacks tad been driven, took them safely back to the mainland and gave them shelter on her father's farm. The Gray farm lies about six miles from Ealleyvllle. on the west side of the Braros river. Across the river to the east is a piece of rising ground called Hopkins's Knoll. named after a man who used to have a house cn the top of It, but moved away some years ago because Hopkins said the country was certain to be swept away some day by a Hood, which would drown every thing alive within a hundred miles or tne terrible river. He moved to higher climes and left Hopkins's Knoll deserted, and some tramps completed the desolation or tne place a few months later by settlr.g fire to the houao and burning the top of the knoll smooth. Between Hopkins's knoll and the home of Ida Gray, the heroine of the floods, ls a distance of three miles. On the afternoon of July 6, when the fury of the mighty Brazos was reaching its height. Miss Gray stood In the door of the farmhouse, watching the havoc of wreck and water floating by like a vast sheet of earth's surface sliding out of place, with ail its human freight nounderlng upon it. The Grays were secure on their elevated domain, but could not rest for the awful tragedy nature was enacting just outside their door. The flood was passing within a quarter of a mile of their vantage ground. Three of the Gray boys were away on relief expeditions, and Ida. the only daughter, was at home, alone with her aged father and mother, who were powerless to aid any one. suddenly the girl s voice drew the old people from a window at the other end of the house with the cry: "Hopkins's knoll is crowded with people, and the river la washing them away! The old people hur ried to tne door ana peered through the field glasses which the girl excitedly held out to them. It was true enough. The knoll was alive with dark objects which were easi ly made out to be human beings, with here and there a different chape, which told of tne xortune of some horse or cow In strik ing this point of temporary refuge In its sweep down the relentless currents. Ida Gray is a sturdy srlrl of eighteen. She has alert, bright eyes and a firm mouth, which tell you now how she must have looked when the idea of saving those beleaguered wretches on Hopkins's Knoll first flashed across her mind. Without goinar back for ner nat, she ran out through the erarden and made for the river. The Gray boys are fond of boatinc and she knew she would be likely to find a boat or two at tne waters edge. They always had an assortment at hand. The three best ones were gone when she got there, but she iouna nne tnat might answer her purpose. It was1 a large, ancient affair, with an ab sence of oarlopks and an air of incomplete ness in general wnicn would have deterred the girl from venturin out In it under or dinary circumstances; but these were not ordinary circumstances, and the fact that it was any kind of a boat at all was too fortunate a reality to be Questioned. She dragged the heavy oars out from the bottom or tne rart, untied the rope, sprang In and pushed off. It was a precarious undertaking for anv two men: for this ore slip of a girl It was desperate. The knoll was more than two miles away and a current was running strong between it and the little boat. Luck ily the boat had started from a rolnt some distance above the knoll and could afford to drift down a little In the struzele across. But more luckily yet. there was unusual strength In those young arms that plied the oars, and a nne determination in the breast of the girl who was staking her lift: asralnst tne nooos to save a swarm of strange black men. Many times she narrowly escaped belnsr run down by a piece of wreckage. Once a nouse nearly swamped her. She Imagined that, as it passed within six feet of her. she saw a white face at one of the windows. The body of a cow bumped against the stern of the boat, whirling it around. The luckless beast went on down the. lioodway. Its suffering already over, but Its carcass still at the disposal of the mad waters. A section of fence caught her- once and swept her down until she thought she should pass the knoll and perhaps be drowned herself, but she pushed clear of it with an oar and kept on In doirced patience, with her iace ever mrnea towara tne strange negroes . . When she was half way across the ne groes saw her. Probably the purpose of her neroic voyage among tne driftwreck did not strike at once Into their dazed minds. They were too full of the horror of their Impending fate to Imagine that the white girl out there in the midst of the sea-flood could have anything to do with them. It was onlv when they had seen her a number of times, always bearing toward them, that the more composed of them began to understand that she was coming to land on the knoll. Then they set up a shout and fell on their knees. The brave girl s intention was finally clear to them. How they must have wondered! Was it possible that for their sakes this pretty girl in the approaching cockleshell was breasting the dangers of the flood and putting her precious life at naught? It must have been difficult for the colored refugees to believe. They danced In an amazement of Joy as she steadily drew near, and would have rushed down to meet her if the water had not hemmed them up on the very top of the knoll and left them ro further room to move in. 8he got there Just in time. The water would have carlied the eleven men away in another hour. Already it was lapping their feet In ooaxlng little wavelets, hungry to gurgle in their ears and sing them to the death sleep. The boat swept right up and bumped ajrainst their shins. It was caught by a score of hands and clambered Into by eleven of the most grateful acid surprised negroes that were ever introduced to the white man s spirit of bravery. The rescue was not completed yet. It would be an ordeal to take the boat back again with Its heavy cargo. The girl was not assured that the negroes could help her. They answered the question in her eyes by taking the oars out or her hands and bid ding her to make herself as comfortable as she could while they pulled the boat to land. She told them which way to go. and they put the strength of four brawny arms into the strokes as they beat up against the flood and stood on for the two-mile trip. Mr. and Mrs. Gray, watching from their doorway, at first saw the boat with their daughter fade away into the shimmer of the flood, saw the black objects on the knoll disappear an hour later, saw a black mass moving slowfy athwart the sweep of water until it gTew Into a boat with people in It. and finally saw that it was their daughter's boat, with their daughter in the bow and the rescued blacks lined up behind her. I They had a rousing' fire ready In the open fireplace when the bedraggled party came dripping Into the house, led by the heroine of the Brazos froods. The negroes were warmed and fed to their hearts content and provided with a place In which to spend the remaining nood days on the Gray farm. As for Ida Gray, she is becoming known all the way between Balleyville and Dallas as the heroine of the Brazos noods and such she is likely to remain in the affections of the colored population of Texas for many years to come. THE MANILA CORRESPONDENTS. Fresh, Young Men Who Hare n Great Deal to Learn. Washington Special. The lessons taught by the Marila. corre spondents' "round robin" are: L That war ls grim and murderous at best, ls partic ularly grim and bloody on the Island of Luzon, or at least that it appears to be so to the correspondents. 2. That the cam paign Is not being conducted to the satisfaction of "Bobbie" Collins. "Dick" Little. Oscar Davis and the other correspondents dispatched to the scene to send to various newspapers reports of the progress of the war. 3. That the correspondents have not been able to realize the difference between reporting a picnic or a baseball match and a military campaign. They have been accustomed to the widest liberty In writing "stories" for their papers ana to producing enougn matter to make good showings. To be held down to a bare recital of facts when they are being main talned 10.0u) miles from home at enormous expense ls a trying experience. Is it nrt Preble that their "round robin" ls more in the nature of a Joint letter to their manae ing editors squaring themselves, and ex plaining why they have net been able to give a better ehowing for their money, than it is a serious criticism of the war or of General Otis? War correspondents every where have been held down to the rljril rules that govern military camp whenever in the judgment of the commanding general caution should be exercised in the trans mission of reports from the field. The Manila correspondents are parsing through no unusual experience in having their stuC tlue-pencllcd by a military censor. The only unusual feature about the affair ls the "fres-h and amateurish production of the correspondents, which they designate as a "round robin." If nothing serious comes of it (to the correspondents), thejwill in after years look back with wonder at the consideration with which they were treated by the commanding general, whose hospitality and tolerance tney so grossly outraged in giving to tne world a communi cation that should have been sent It sent

at all) to their home offices under seal ot confidence. At latf.t accounts President McKInley had not turned over th command of the American troops in the Philippines to Collins and his associates. General Otis will remain in charge for a few days. It ls rot tco late for him to retrieve himself In the estimation of the "round robins."

WHAT ARE YOU AFRAID OF? Dr. Ilnll's) Interesting Statistics Com piled on Child Payrhology. Hartford Courant. Dr. G. Stanley Hall knows row what good many Americans are afraid of or usM to be afraid of when they were children. He asked them, for purposes of scicntlPc in vestigation, and they told him. His first cir cular letter of inquiry broucht answers irom l, persons, mostly under twentythre years of ace. and othori were heard from later. He summed up the results for the American Journal "of Psychology, and the government has now republished his p.iper. along with twenty to thirty other pa pers, in a tuiKy pamphlet, entuica " Juxpnmental Study of Children." Of Dr. Hall s young Americans fVJ had or used to have a fear of thunder and lightning; 143 of any high winds: 67 of cyclones: 41 of queer-shaped clouds;' 34 tf shooting stars: 25 of northern llchts: H of comets; 1G of fog; 14 of storms, any kind; II of eclipses; 0 of very hot weather, and 8 of very cold weather. Snakes are or used to be an object of terror to 4S3; wild animals to bulls, horses, etc.. to 26?; spiders, wasps, etc.. to 2u3; rats and mice to V; dogs and cats to 73; nawks. owis, etc., to ii. Xo fewer than 422 own up to a dread of darkness; 65 to a dread of solitude, either by night or day; 103 to dream fears, and 203 to a creepy terror of ghosts. Flfty-eeven nreor were afraid of death by drowning. 205 afraid of the water on gen eral principles, 3r afraid of fire and 43G of any strange persons; while 133 confess to a haunting nervousness on the subject of robbers. Dr. Hall heard from 516 boys and C71 clrls. The boys confessed to 1,121 distinct fears, all told: the girls to 3.101 fears The feari of the boys, according to Dr. HalFs data, increase in number from seven years of age to fifteen; then they fall off. The tlmorousness of the girls grows upon therrt irom tour years or age to eighteen. The well-described fears of five hundred boys and five hundred girls are thus tct forth in the doctor's thirty-seventh table: Fears. Bo vs. Girls. Thunder and llrhtnlne iv srui Persons , 129 i!j Reptiles 123 is) Darkness) i.k) jDeath 74 ioi Domestic animals B7 m Rats and mice is 75 Insects 53 74 Ghosts 44 73 Wind S3 fl End of world 11 m Water 62 S3 Robbers S2 4 Mechanism , 31 47 Kioed v J4 44 Heights 43 4f Self-consciousness ri 1,1 Noises 10 Kuned anve 5 33 Imaginary things 23 24 Drowning , 21 Clouds 4 5 Solitude , 4 55 Places 2 j i Meteors a j Shyness o i Fairies J ? Ridicule 1 a The doctor remarks that thm A rend nf K. Ing kidnaped, of blood, of cloud shapes, of shooting stars and of the end of the world seems to grow less as the boys and girls grow up, but the dread of thunderstorms. irpuit-5, rouoers. macninery and self-con-scioufness seems to increase. He remarks further that "many infantile fears remain through life" and it's bo. Prnhahi th.r. -re hundreds of men and women right herd in awiioni w no Know it to be so. TYPEWRITTEN RECORDS, v Question of Their Durability Mad the Subject of State Supervision. Albany Law Journal. The nermanenrrr of tTnwHttn Is a aublect of no Mttio 1 it is worthy of note that a series of experiments ls being conducted in Boston with a view of establishing the relative value of the leading brands of typewriter nuuans. itooert i fcwan. the state commissioner of mihMo rppftHt fnf th. am of Massachusetts, is doing some good work m mis airecuon. ne nnds that of the different colors used for typewriter ribbons, the red, green, blue and purple are not permanent, black being the only one that will stand the tests to which he subjects the v riling. The Legislature of Ma;arhiistta vK-k recently adjourned, passed On act permitwwk ijycwimen records to ne accepted; umciai wnen approved by the commissioner of nubile: reenrrt Vnrt Pennsylvania, and New Jersey having previously taken similar action. In other words, no such records will be accepted unless th materials used are up to the standard, and the commissioner is expressly authorized by the statute referred to to withdraw r.i on. proval at any time when he shall find that me arucies used ran below such standard. This is a very Important matter which Should be acted unon !n nvorv Stat tnm the fading of public records fo as to become illegible is something that ought to be carefully provided against, otherwise It wert much better to keen In tnrra th nj-viir that legal records shall be written only with pen ana inK. It is possible, we think, in nrnAiit tv re written records that are quite as permanent as any produced by writing with a pen, ana in view or tne greater legibility of the former, as well as their economy of production, it ls desirable that this should be done. While the KtiLtea ronomllv hav official corresponding to the commissioner of imoiic recorus in .-uassacnusetts. it ought to be made somebody's business to supervise mo maiier 01 permanency or public records. A Distinguished Composer. Chicago Times-Herald. Henry Schoenfeld, to whom has Just been awarded the prize offered by Henri Marteau, the distinguished French violinist, for the best sonata for piano and violin written by an American, Is one of the foremost composers of this country. For the past twenty years he has made Chicago his home, and Is the director of the Germanla Maennerchor. Among his many compositions are several brilliant orchestral pieces which have been played with great success In Europe as well as America. A marked characteristic of his compositions ls the introduction of the peculiar American rhythm in syncopated time, which gives them a swing and flavor that ls especially popular. Nearly all his productions are decidedly American and show unusual originality. His latest triumph at Paris before a Jury composed of Th. Dubois, director of the Paris Conservatory, and six other distinguished French artlcts, has recommended him as one of the first to be selected of the American group of composers whose work is to be exhibited In the musical department of the American section at the Paris Exposition. His selection by the Paris commissioners ls looked upon as a certainty. Several Eastern composers are being considered, and Schoenfeld will be a t plendid representative of the West. "Sonata Quasi Fantasia" ls the title of the composition which was the unanimous choica of the French Jury. It Includes three movements allegro, romanza and rondo. A native of Milwaukee. Mr. Schoenfeld inherited his musical instinct from his father, Frederick Schoenfeld, who was one of the bestknown musicians Tjf that city. Under the tutelage of his father and his brother Theodore, who was a graduate of the Royal High School of Music In Berlin, he early showsd great talent. At, fifteen he composed a creditable trio for piano, violin and cello. At seventeen he went to Leipslc, and was for three years under Carl Itelnecke, Professor Caclns. Dr. Papperetc and Leo Grill. He next went to Weimar and received instruction In the modern school under Edward Lassen, and later spent some time In the larger cities of Europe. On his return to America he took up his residence in Chicago, and has been a leader In inusclil circles. A Human Xylophone. Philadelphia ReVord. Thre appeared recently a newspaper tory about a man with a musical heart a heart that found time, while pumping Its owner's blood about, to platy like a church organ or a violin. Eddie Warp, a Norrtstown lad. who carries bobbins In one of the mills there, has a set of musical ribs, which he says he will match against this heart any time, for any amount. Kddle ls very thin, and his ribs protrude distinctly. The latest music is drawn from them in the following manner: The boy pits down and tucks his shirt up about his neck. He takes in each hand an empty bobbin and draws a long breath, which throws the ribs into the greatest prominence. With the bobbins he then plays upon them as ordinary musicians play on xylophones, extracting the tune from the rlght-Mde ribs and the accompaniment from the left-side one. The upper ribs give the high notes and the lower ones the low notes. E Ls the key of the first, or topmost, rib. and F ls that of t!i bottom, though Eddie Warp, by shopping off a rb with hia fingers, as violinists stoo off a string, can raLe or lower the nltrh greatly. Eddie's music ls not very loud, but ti would easily fill a concert hall. The Urslnus Tennis Club has been after him fnr come time, oiferirx him large Inducements to play at one of tluir musical teas, but he ls modest and refuses to play before women, arguing that his peculiar kind of music necessitates an exposure too great to bo tolerated in a mixed audience.