Indianapolis Journal, Volume 49, Number 9, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 January 1899 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL MONDAY, JANUARY ft, 1809. Washington Office—lso3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone rail*. Business Ctflce 238 | Kdltorial Rooms 86 TERMS OF SUBSURIPTIOS. DAILY BY MAIL. Daily only, on* month $ .70 Daily only, three months 11l Daily only, one year 8.00 Bally, inolufflnx Sunday, one year 10.00 Sunday only, one yvar 2.00 WHEN' FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Daily, per week, by carrier 15 eta Sunday, ulngle copy 5 cts Daily and Sunday, per week, by carrier 20 cts WEEKLY. l’er year 11.00 Hedocetl Hates to Club*. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or send subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Iml. Persons sending the Journal through the mails In the United States should put on an eight-i>aße paper a ONE-CENT postage stamp; on a twelve of sixteen-page paper a TWO-DENT postage “tamp. Foreign postage is usually double these rates. All communications intended for publication in this paper must, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the writer. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Dan be found at the following places; NEW YORK—Astor House. CHICAGO—PaImer House, P. O. News Do., 217 fieartiom street. Great Northern Hotel and Grand Pacific Hotel. CINCINNATI—J. R. Hawley & Cos., lot Vine street. LOUISVILLE—C. T. Deering, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. ST. LOUIS —Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON, D. C—Riggs House, Ebbltt House and Willard’s Hotel. Ex-Governor Altgeld, the former champion of anarchists, is now the proper person to try to excite alarm by expressing his lears of a growing aristocracy in this country. U is said that Aguinaldo desires to be recognized as the ruler of the Philippines under the authority of the United States, ■which goes to show that Mr. Aguinaldo is fa judge of what constitutes a good thing. Once before the item in the appropriation bill striking out the amount appropriated to maintain the civil-service commission was stricken out in committee of the whole, but it was put back when the House had fa roll call. In his Cincinnati speech Col. Bryan declared against an imperialism that would deny men the privilege of talking. Colonel Bryan was denied that privilege while a colonel, and the denial was torture. But It bad its compensations. Senator Vest is pathetic over the cruelty involved in bringing Filipinos under American rule. The senator knows how it is himself, having been forced to yield in 1565 to the power of the United States, but he must confess that he has fared well. Canada, it is reported, has come to the conclusion that it dots not want anew treaty with the United States. As it might involve a cut in the tariff rates on farm products people in the West ore willing that Canada should have its way in the matter. Colonel Bryan says if we adopt a policy' of national expansion our public speakers will have to observe a silence on many heretofore favorite topics. To an orator who so delights in the sound of his own voice the idea of enforced silence is a terrible penance. If Colonel Bryan's regiment had been ordered to the Philippines, as there was talk of doing at one time, he would not have contributed much to the spirit of the army there. He and Colonel Aguinaldo coidd have joined hands in opposition to American expansion.

Talk of the necessity of an extra session of the Legislature has begun much too soon. The first effort, and a very determined one, should be to transact all the necessary business of the session within the constitutional limit. It will be time enough to talk of an extra session when it becomes evident that this cannot be done, and the people will not approve of any “Jockeying,” either. In considering the question of reform in local government the interests of those now holding township or county oitices should not be considered. Their advice and suggestions might be valuable, but their personal interests should not be considered as against those of the people. The interests of several hundred thousand taxpayers are of more importance than those of three or four thousand officeholders. It is said that two-thirds of Colonel Hay’s salary as ambassador to England went for house rent, and under the terms of his lease he had to give six months’ notice before ending it. As he left on short notice to become secretary of state he forfeited several thousand dollars’ rent. The United States government should own a residence for its minister in each of the principal capitals of Europe, as European governments do in Washington. The managers of the Chicago Jackson meeting, Saturday night, insisted that Mayor Taggart should be present in the reports sent out, when it is well known here that he was at home and so ill that he could not attend. The mayor and his friends are keeping away from all places where their presence would be regarded as a desire to have 16 to 1 in the platform of 3900. Mayor Taggart is a follower of the Hon. Richard Croker. Recent expressions in England indicate that the adoption by the United States of an open-door commercial policy in the Philippines would be regarded by the British government as a generous action for diplomatic service and moral support during our war with Spain. No doubt it would also contribute to an amicable readjustment of the Clayton-Rulwer treaty. But there are other questions to be settled in the Philippines before our commercial policy can be unnounced. There seems not to have been any urgency for the speech of General flrosvenor on Saturday in the committee of the whole House calling to mind the good which the Republican administration and policy have brought to the country. All the quickened industries of the country are vastly more convincing than any speech. The Increased volume of business, as indicated by railway and clearing-house reports, and the gain in money for investment are more eloquent than the best speech. The era of good feeling between Englishspeaking peoples has extended to Canada. A correspondent at Ottawa says that United States, British and Canadian emblems entwined are much In vague there on calendars, stationery, etc. One of these represents the American eagle on one side, the British lion on the other and the Canadian beaver perched between the two, with the stars and stripes, the British union Jack and the union jack with the arms of Can-

ada upon It—what in Canada is called the Canadian flag—falling in graceful folds under and around all three. This is a mere sentimental expression, but sentiment sometime's cuts a large figure in history. A WORD TO THE CAUCUS. The near approach of the caucus of the Republican members of the General Assembly, the purpose of which is the selection of a member of the United States Senate (for it is as surely settled as anything can be that the choice of the caucus will represent the State in the Senate for the next six year), calls for a word of advice, if not of caution. The Journal is devoted to what it conceives to be the welfare of the Republican party and its principles, and has uniformly sought to be entirely fair and impartial in its treatment of aspirants for convention or caucus nominations. It has repeatedly disclaimed any desire to be classed as the party organ, and has steadfastly declined to become the organ of any man or faction in the party. Devoted as it is to what it conscientiously believes to be the best interests of the Republicans of Indiana, it conceives it to be its present duty to say frankly and for what it may be worth, that Mr. Hanly should not be named as the caucus nominee for senator. His services to the party do not justify his selection. Either of the four gentlemen who oppose him has rendered the party much greater and longer service. His claim to being the poor man's candidate is r.ot sustained by the lavish display being made in his behalf. His political, oratorical and professional attainments are surpassed in each case by someone of his competitors, no one of whom has ever demanded or received financial compensation for whatever they may have given in the way of campaign effort. Mr. Posey, Judge Taylor, Major Steele or Mr. Beveridge, each of whom has a strong and loyal following, would, in the opinion of the Journal, prove a wiser selection than Mr. Hanly.

UNTIMELY GAIETY. A reporter of one of the papers affirms that the Republicans in the Senate were “put in a hole” by the resolution of Senator Nusbaum praising Admiral Dewey and favoring his promotion to the office of President. Just what that phrase means in what may' be called ‘‘peanut politics” is not clear; but if any one was put in any sort of embarrassment by the resolution of the Democratic senator it was the senator himself and those whom lie represents. Admiral Dewey, as is well known, belongs to a Republican family and is of that faith. He sent congratulations to Colonel Roosevelt on his election. Mr. Nusbaum probably knows that the admiral is a Republican in opinion, tor he must have come across indisputable evidence to make it a fact. He is not an active party man, and no man in either navy or army is. Considering that Admiral Dewey is a Republican, Senator Nusbaum will be regarded with suspicion by those of his party who take him seriously. In the party legislative caucus the party minstrel sang the praises of Colonel Bryan, and all Democrats present applauded. If Mr. Nusbaum had been present, and a motion had been made declaring that the Democracy of Indiana demands the renomination of Colonel Bryan, he would doubtless have voted for it. If not, he is as solitary a Democrat as is the representative fiom Cass, who has announced that he flocks by' himself. The same day that Senator Nusbaum was having his little bit of fun by recommending the election of a Republican to be President in 11X30, the leaders of his party were discussing in earnest the issues of his party in .the future. Somewhat reluctantly, and certainly with much abated fervor, Colonel Bryan was declaring the same day that 16 to 1 must be the issue of 1000. With much fervor he was also declaring against expansion. The same day, in New York, Richard Croker, the most potential Democratic leader on earth, went out of his way to express the most ultra views regarding the annexation of the territory acquired from Spain. He also took occasion to declare that the free and unlimited coinage of silver at the ratio of 16 to 1 was "a dead issue.” Neither of these leaders spoke of a desire to compromise on some middle ground. The Democratic state committee in lowa declares that the Democracy of that State has had enough of 16 to 1. If the same committee in this State weTe forced to a declaration it would probably be for Bryan and 16 to 1. There is no doubt that nearly all the small fry Democratic politicians in the counties are emphatic for the old ticket and the old platform, but the leaders, the Taggarts, the Green Smiths and nearly all of the men of real force and ability are in sympathy with Mr. Croker, and some of them are accused of having been in conference with him. If the 16-to-l leaders are to be believed they will put up a 16-to-l ticket if beaten in the national convention in 1900. The Croker element has not yet made such a threat, but those who are nearest those leaders believe they will name another ticket if the action of 1896 shall be repeated in 1900. The Nusbaum gayety is in bad form in presence of the Democratic deathbed. LYNCH LAW AND ITS REMEDY. If the present discussion concerning mob law in this State and the necessity of providing a remedy against it does not result in some effective action there will be little hope of such action in t*.e future. During the last few decades there have been many lynehings in Indiana, some the work of vigilance committees organized in self-defense to rid certain communities of bands of desperadoes who were terrorizing them and others by mobs who have broken into jails and hung prisoners who had been convicted or were charged with crime. In these numerous acts of violence there nave been various degrees of provocation, amounting in some cases, as that of the notorious Reno gang, almost to moral justification, yet they have all been flagrant violations of law and each one has tended to the increase of lawlessness rather than the decrease of crime. Every act of the kind has been followed by the censure of the press, the condemnation of all good citizens and a universal demand for the punishment of the lynchers, yet nothing has been done and to all appearances the spirit of mob law is as rife in the lynching belt of Indiana to-day as it ever was. One of the worst eases on record occurred at Versailles a little more than a year ago, involving the brutal murder of five men, and discussion of that had scarcely ceased till the lynching at Scottsburg on last Christmas eve revived it. To Gov. Mount belongs the credit of making the first attempt to use the power of the state government to punish the perpetrators of these crimes. Though not a lawyer himself he did more to set the legal machinery' of the State to work in this matter than all the lawyerGovernors the State has ever had. He startle 1 the local authorities of RipJey comity by the vigor with which he exercised his prerogative of seeing that the- laws are enforced, and while he did not succeed, with th aid of the attorney general, in bringing

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, MONDAY, JANUARY 9, 1899.

the Versailles lynchers to Justice, owing to the rottenness of local sentiment and the weakness of a local magistrate, he gave them a scare which they will not soon forget. He has taken hold of the Scottsburg lynching with the same promptness and is investigating it with the same determination and with promise of better results. If he succeeds in bringing the guilty parties to justice in this case his administration will be notable in the history of a State which, out of hundreds of lynchers, has never punished one. Reeent discussion recognizes the fact that one of the prime causes of mob law, if not the principal cause, is the failure of courts and juries to do their duty in the administration of justice. If the local authorities had arrested and the local courts had punished the members of the Reno gang as their crimes deserved there would have been no pretext for the hanging of ten of them without triaJ. If the local authorities of Ripley county had done their duty in such a way as to create confidence in judicial methods, instead of distrust, the lynching of live men at Versailles would not have happened. If those who execute lynch law are not sticklers for a vigorous administration of law themselves they are quick to discern the existence of a feeling of distrust among the better classes towards the courts, and of weariness and disgust at the nerveless enforcement of law. If the better class of citizens do not take part in lynchings themselves they are apt to be conveniently absent or opportunely ignorant when their testimony is needed. Thus the feeble administration of justice weakens the public sentiment that should back up the courts and encourages lynchers to continue their work. The Bloomfield News says; “There have been a dozen cold-blooded murders committed in this county in the last twren-ty-six years, where there could be no mistake of the guilty party; besides, there have been about the same number of equally bad murders where there was some doubt as to the premeditated malice, out no one has been hanged and only iwo of the convicted men are in the penitentiary at this time, and they will soon be out.” It was at Bloomfield that a man, a week or so ago, murdered his paramour on the street in broad daylight. Can it be wondered that there were threats of lynching or can anybody doubt that judges and juries in Greene county have contributed materially to the cheapening of human life? Without admitting that the lax enforcement of law justifies resort to mob violence it does undoubtedly breed that sentiment. x Asa remedy for lynehings the Governor recommends the enactment of a law making the county where they occur liable in a civil suit for damages, to be brought by the victims next of kin, and he also recommends that any sheriff who permits a prisoner to be taken from his custody by a mob should be required by law to forfeit his office. It may be that such legislation would tend to suppress lynching. We do not know if it has been effective in any other State or even tried elsewhere, but it is worth trying. If anything can be done to increase tlie power of the Governor to interfere for the enforcement of law when local authorities fail in their duty this should be done. But the only sure and lasting cure for the evil lies in a reformation of our judicial system and a stricter enforcement of criminal law. Our criminal code, which is largely framed, in the interest of criminals, needs to be reconstructed in the interest of society. When that is done, then with better judges and a better administration of law we shall have a beginning of the end of lynching. The reformation must begin in the courts.

WHAT THE OPEN DOOR WILL BE. Senator Frye's declaration in the Senate committee on commerce regarding the opendoor policy of tho United States in the Philippines can be regarded as the understanding to which the peace commission, of which he was a member, came under the instructions of the President. Senator Frye says the policy will be an open door to the trade of the islands without any reserve. Every country will have just the same privileges in regard to trade as will the United States. Duties will be imposed, but every nation which is on friendly terms with the United States will pay the same as the United States pays. As to the duties which will be imposed, they will be such as will afford sufficient revenue to meet the cost of the government. Such duties will be a much less burden than the inhabitants of the islands have been accustomed to pay to the Spanish authorities, who have oppressed the people to enrich officials and to furnish revenue for Spain. Such a taxation as will make the local government self-sus-taining will quiet the apprehensions that tens of millions will be taken from the federal treasury to meet the expense of maintaining authority in the Philippines. The open-door policy is not only a fair one, but its adoption by the United States puts this government in a position to demand that the same open policy to all nations shall be adopted in China, which is very important to our trade in that quarter of the world. The United States and Great Britain, taking a stand for equal privileges in the Chinese trade, while putting it into practice themselves, will enable them to secure the recognition of that policy. It may also be. added that when we pay the same duties to the Philippines as do others merchandise from those islands will continue to pay the same duties as do others selling the same goods in our markets. This fact should assuage the troubles of those who see the free sugar of the Philippines ruining the American sugar industry. In the bombast with which he closed his speech at Chicago Colonel Bryan makes Moses the author of the ten commandments and urges him to come forth from his grave and write others. Doubtless Colonel Bryan knows all about it, but his claim for Moses Is not sustained by the account of the authorship of the writing on the two tables which is accredited to Moses in Deuteronomy. But the man who misrepresents Jefferson and Jackson may not be an infallible authority regarding the contents of the Old Testament. BURBLES IN THE AIR. Insult. Baldwin—There is only one barber in town who can cut my hair. I give him 50 cents for the Job. Hirsoot—That is pretty steep; 10 cents a hair, isn’t it? Dependence. “I believe he announced that he was going to depend on his head when he left for the Klondike.” "Yes. Last 1 heard of him he was depending from it." The Cornfed Philosopher. “Our duty to humanity,” said the Cornfed Philosopher, “demands that we should administer the affairs of the weak and oppressed. and our duty to ourselves demands that we should get darn good pay for the job.” The Navaze Bachelor. “I know' a man,” said the Callow Youth, “who is going to get married on Friday.

There is one man, at least, who does not believe Friday an unlucky day.” “Books to me.” said the Savage Bachelor, “as if he admitted it.” THE GOVERNOR’S MESSAGE. Governor Mount’s message to the Legislature is an exhaustive paper and contains some very sensible suggestions.—Washington Gazette. The message is very creditable to the Governor. and will doubtless command the attention of the legislators to whom it is addressed.—Terre Haute Express. The message is full of fruitful suggestions to the Legislature, which that body will do well to ponder on and fasten the hold of the party more securely on the people.—Lafayette Call. The message to the Legislature is a clear and comprehensive statement of the condition and needs of the State of Indiana. It is a business document, written in plain but forceful language.—Nobiesville Ledger. The strong and earnest words of Governor Mount in regard to lynching and whitecapping should meet a quick response by the Legislature. If nothing is done to cheek these Indiana plague spots, it will tend to encourage their growth.—New Albany Tribune. The message is to be commended for its explicitness and directness and for the vigor with which it treats the important subjects under consideration.. It is a very interesting and able document and should be carefully read by every citizen of the State. —Rushville Graphic. The Governor recommends that the sheriff of a county in which a lynching occurs shall be deprived of his office. We very much approve of this last recommendation, for w r e are of the opinion that very few lynehings would occur if the sheriff w'ould do his full duty.—Columbus Republican. In his message Governor Mount favors the teaching of agriculture in the public schools. Scientifically, it is now taught in the schools. The place to teach it practically is on a farm. Until each school can have a farm attachment the Governor’s idea cannot be realized.—Richmond Palladium. The message as a w'hole is full of good ideas and good suggestions for the action of the Legislature, and if the members of that body go to work in earnest to enact laws that will benefit the people of the whole State they will have the hearty cooperation of Governor Mount. —Plymouth News. The Governor’s message to the General Assembly is an able wtate paper, and will command the attention of the people, regardless of politics, because of its evident interest in the general welfare, its clear staiments of facts regarding the State's condition, and its wise suggestions for legislation.— Muneie News. The message, taken as a whole, is one of the best state papers ever presented by an Indiana executive to the Genral Assembly of the State. Its recommendations are wise, conservative and timely, and the legislators will find that no better chart for their guidance during their deliberations could have been given them for their consideration. —Evansville Journal. Governor Mount in his message to the Legislature said a great many things of merii, but the best part of It nil was that in saying these things he showed himself to be a Governor of the whole State of Indiana, not merely the leader of his own party. His message appealed to the Democratic minority as well as the Republican majority.—Richmond Item. The smattering knowledge on agriculture that a school teacher could impart to a pupil would, we imagine, be merely sufficient to start a good-sized argument with the "old man” when the youngster attempted to introduce his methods at home, and probably result in the young fellow getting disgusted and quitting the farm to start a feed yard or go in the grocery business in town. —Frankfort News. If there be any one feature of the Governor's message that is open to real criticism it is the space devoted to advocating the teaching of agriculture in the public schools. If rudiments could he taught without too great sacrifice of time in other directions it might lie well, but the results could hardly justify the great cost of an education in this line that would directly improve the methods of agriculture.—Elkhart Review. The Governor’s rebotrimendations about teaching agriculture in the public schools and about taxing insurance policies have not met with general favor throughout the State. The teaching of agriculture in the public schools is a fad of the Governor's which we believe is impracticable. It would be a good deal better to teach spelling in the public schools, which has been almost abandoned under the new' methods of teaching. —Columbus Republican.

HINTS FOR THE LEGISLATI HE. The nonpartisan management of the State’s benevolent and penal institutions may not please the ultra spoilsman, but it better pleases the mass of the people.—Seymour Republican. There should be a hearty respone to Governor Mount’s recommendation of an appropriation sufficient to complete the soldiers’ monument, which is the pride of every Indiana patriot.—Terre Haute Express. If there is no need of reform in county government, why are county officials who have been guilty of retaining illegal feees, as has been the case in this county, making such a tight against legislative action?— Greenfield Republican. The chief aim of the legislation of this session of the General Assembly should be to reduce the cost of local government, without in any way impairing its character. Wherever possible the burdens of the people should be lightened.—Middletown News. Not the least of the important matters for the General .Assembly to consider is the reorganization of the State Board of Education. more particularly in its attitude toward those institutions not supported by the State, it is a matter which has already been too long delayed.—Angola Magnet. The future political complexion of the State of Indiana will depend largely upon the wisdom and faithfulness of the present Legislature. This is as it should he. Faithful service will be rewarded by continued indorsement at the polls. Bad legislation will be rebuked by those who maae and unmake lawmakers.—Fort Wayne Gazette. There should be no delay in the Indiana Legislature in complying with Governor Mount’s recommendation of an appropriation sufficient to complete the soldiers’ monument. It is a structure in w'hich every patriotic citizen has great pride. There has already been too much quibbling over matters pertaining to its construction.—Frankfort News. The Legislature will do well to take the proper steps towards a reorganization of the judiciary of the State. The business of the circuits can be more nearly equalized than now without increasing the number of circuits. We do not need more judges, but a more equitable division of the work between those we already have. The suggestions of Governor Mount along this line seem to be wise and should be acted upon.—Seymour Republican. There is an almost unanimous demand over the State to stop further lynching in Indiana, and the Legislature will be called upon to try some of the many plans pointed out. The most popular seems to be the holding of the county in which the lynching occurs responsible in big damages to the family of the victim. It seems not to have occurred to the promoters of this scheme, however, that threats of further lynching may effectually prevent a suit for damages.—Jonesboro Herald. There is unquestionably a demand among the people for a reform in county and township management throughout the State, presumably on account of the imperfect methods at present employed, and not on account of any general irregularities in office. Many township and county officers are careful and economical of the public funds, but they are under the influence of a system that needs rejuvenating. Taxpayers hope for a decrease in burden, and the Legislature will be expected to do something in this direction.—Fairmount News. The Nobiesville Ledger shows that the township trustees of Hamilton county were paid an average of 302!*> days the past year. One trustee collected for 317 days, which are four more than all the working days of the year. Two others collected for 313 days, every day in the year. They all violated the law requiring them to publish their nceipts and expenditures, refusing to make such publication. A penalty of SIOO could be enforced against every one of them for this offmse. There is law enough to reach such offenders as those if it were only enforced.—Kokomo Tribune. The News is bitterly opposed to mobs and lynch law. and it is equally bitterly opposed to hunting up excuses, baffling courts and delaying punishment, when a man is known to have committed a willful, malicious, premeditated and unprovoked murder. The

News Is also opposed to trying to clear a murderer on the time-worn, miserable pretext of temporary insanity, when the public knows him to be fully conscious of what he is doing, and should be punished to the full extent of the law. There have been a dozen cold-blooded murders committed in this county in the last twenty-six years, where there could be no mistake of the guilty party; besides there has been about the same number of equally bad murders where there was some doubt as to the premeditated malice, etc., but no one has been hanged and only two of the convicted men are in the penitentiary at this time, and they will soon be out. The good citizens of Greene county are getting tired of paying taxes to have the laws administerfed in this manner.—Bloomfield News. SAMTATIOX IN HAVANA. I npleasant Conditions That Colonel Waring Konml. Mr. G. Everett Hill, in January Forum. The street cleaning is but half-organized and wholly ineffective. Some sweeping is done, in the dark, and there is a gathering up of garbage, which is universally thrown into the streets. What Is done is not paid for. The contractor is not required to remove mud or dead animals. The latter lie where they fall, under a fierce sun which fosters rapid putrefaction, until the buzzard: eat them. Some of the streets in the closely built portion of Havana are paved with stone blocks, but the remainder are unpaved, and the only cleaning they receive is the gathering up of garbage thrown into them, in parts of the city great mud holes abound, covered with green slime, and choked with filth of all kinds. These the contractor is not required to clean. “There is no systematic disposal of garbage and sweepings. Most of it is deposited on the surface in and near the town, where the buzzards make away with parts of it.” Havana has no sewerage system. Some few leaky drains, of defective grade, close to the surface, serve to receive the overflow from some privy vaults. They a.iow the liquid filth to leak into the soil, but the householder saves what he would otherwise have to pay the night scavengers. A saturated soil is always a source of possible danger, but when the saturating liquid is a solution of excremental filth, soaking in continually from house arid street alike, disastrous injury to public and private health is inevitable. Verily Havana is a city set on a hill—but a dunghill. The markets are foul and unfit for use as centers of food distribution. One of them should be destroyed and rebuilt. The two others “need only good administration and adequate cleansing to make them satisfactory.” The blood and offal from the slaughter houses are flushed Into a small creek, which carries them as far as the edge of the harbor and there deposits them. Both creek and harbor are “reeking with putrid filth.” Can Havana be purified? And if so. will such purification result in the eradication of yellow fever and malaria? Both questions can be answered affirmatively and positively. Havana is no dirtier than many another city has been. Havana can be freed from her curse. The price of her freedom is about $10,000,000. Can the United States afford to redeem her? For once humanity, patriotism, and self-interest should be unanimous, and their answer should be, Yes! AN AMERICAN TYPE. Men W'lio Mnke Money Not for Money's Sake. New York Commercial Advertiser. Popular surprise is expressed whenever it is found that business men in the United States leave estates much smaller than they were supposed to possess. This is because this type of the American business man is not understood. He is not actuated by mere desire of wealth. He is not seeking the ease and luxury which wealth may enable him to secure. With him w’ealth is a means to important ends. He seeks opportunities to exercise his energies. He aims at power to enable him to accomplish results. Wealth would be a burden to him if he were compelled to sit down and do nothing. For this reason this type of business man expends much of his income as he goes along. He entertains, courts the friendship and confidence of other owners of capital, and perhaps goes into politics. He has an open mind for every new’ scheme or enterprise that promises substantial results, and if fresh fields of activity are not to be found at home he searches for them abroad. He goes into railroad or other industrial ventures in countries yet to be developed. He seeks to extend to new regions and to open new lines of communication with them. He is a pioneer of modern civilization. Naturally wfith such a temperament he often takes risks. He is an optimist with profound faith In the future, and, of course, some of his ventures fail. This means loss to him. Occasionally all of his ventures prove to be failures, and then his fortune is entirely swept away. Still, the world at large is the gainer. His failures may point the way to safer ventures. This type of business man is a product of .American conditions. He has learned here to have confidence in himself and not to be daunted by obstacles. He knows that there Is an element of chance in all sorts of business projects and that nothing is to be gained if nothing is ventured. Accordingly he is prepared to embark in projects which to many persons would seem reckless. It is a type worth encouraging, for it is upon business courage and push of this kind that hope of extending American trade abroad rests. Men of this type often leave legacies which the size of their undivided estates faintly measure.

Loose Methods In Public HuNinrNH. Hon. P. S. Kennedy, in Crawfordsville Journal. Xo rational man in the State would ever think of carrying on any business of his own by the methods which prevail in our road repairing. And as long as these methods prevail the results pointed out by the Governor will follow. If favors are to be shown to farmers who wish to w'ork out their road taxes, let them take specified sections of road and give bond that they will keep such sections in repair for a specified sum. This would afford work for the farmer and his teams, and besides, insure a faithful and honest expenditure of the public money. Too much money is spent for executing the iaw and not enough for repairing the roads. Laws are like machinery, the simpler they can be made the better, and the less likely they are to get out of order, or work badly. What we need Is a simplification of our road laws. The road tax is abundant, but too much of it is wasted. The property of Montgomery county is Aalued on the tax duplicate at over $21,000,000. The levy of 20 cents on the hundred dollars brings into the road fund a little over SIO,OOO per annum. If we assume that there are lVve hundred miles of road to be kept in repair, this would allow SBO to the mile. You may select the worst mile of road in the county, and any farmer in the vicinity thereof would be glad to take a contract to keep it in repair for one-half of SBO. There is no other public work to which a contract system is so well adapted as road repairing. The contractor will soon learn that the way to make the most money on his contract will be never to neglect the road he has in charge, nor let it get out of repair. He will learn that “a stitch In time saves nine.” He will find out that 25 cents spent in stopping a wash to-day may save $.5 worth of work to-morrow. This will secure good roads all the time. All other public work is done on the contract plan, and there are more reasons why road repairing should be done that way than any other Kind of public work. Let road supervisors, like the toll gates, become a thing of the past. As long as we have supervisors Ave will have neglected roads and a wastage of the public money. Whitley County Way. Columbia Pity (Ind.) Mall. The members of the Legislature who are working to get a law passed which will reform municipal township and county government might get some valuable pointers in this county. Oar board of commissioners have just issued $22,000 worth of bonds, bearing 5 per cent, interest, at par. The deal was made Dec. 8, 1898, but w r as private and secret, and was not spread upon the records until Jan. 2, 1899, the day upon which the bonds were signed. We understand representatives of other bond companies resident here would have been glad to get the bonds at a premium of 2 per cent, at 4Vi rate of interest. This would have made a saving to the taxpayers of Whitley county of over SI,OOO. The question is did anybody get this $1,000? If so, the still more pertinent question is who got the $1,1X10? Can’t Set* a Joke. The lshmaelite. A prominent club woman, and one that writes, too, not for the newspapers, is authority for the statement, that in spite of Indiana’s literary pretensions the State has as yet no author that receives pay for his labor, and that even Mr. Riley when he forwards manuscript to a magazine sends with it his check made payable to the rapacious editor. When surprise in a mild form was expressed at this statement the maker of It Insisted strenuously that It was true, that she could not be mistaken, for she had heard Mr. Riley say so himself. What a grievous thing it is to have no sense of humor. Mr. Riley is not too old to learn that St does not always pay to he as funny as you can. Vntionnl Leonomy. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. A cable across the Pacific will cost SI,OOO a mile. It Is another item that can be saved by fencing the country in. He Never l)ld. Washington Post. Let us hear in mind the fact -that Mr. Quay has never claimed that he was being sought by the office.

SOME OF THE NEW BOOKS llr. Holland's Carefully Prepared N\ ork on Uutterilies. There is one class of natural history works in which a new’ book is a rarity, and when one does appear it is worthy of extended mention for the sake of the vast labor it has required, a labor which is beyond the possibility of pecuniary reward. This natural history topic to which allusion is made is the one on lepidoptera, moths and butterflies. Only at long intervals is a volume of merit on this topic published, and those who take a delight in studying the beautiful butterflies of North America, on which continent almost twice as many species are touruJ as in Europe, owe a debt of gratitude to VY. J. Holland, chancellor of the Western University ol Pennsylvania, who has just issued through the Doubieday & McClure Company, New York publishers, a volume entitled “The Butterfly Book.” Dr. Holland is the present American authority on butterflies, and has the finest collection of Norm American varieties in existence. He has been able to do what Edwards, Scuduer ar.d other writers were not able to do on account of the limitations of phoiogiaphy affa co.or application in tneir day, Professor Holland has photographed directly from the butterflies, and in ins colops he has obtained all those delicate effects shown in the original, and which are so important in classiiying species which snowslight variations. The student of butterflies has heretofoie found himself frequently confused by dissimilar markings on buuertlies which seemed to belong to the same species. But in Professor Holland’s book these variations are pointed out more clearly perhaps than in any other work written by an American authority. First, considering the marvelous color reproduction seen in his plates, the reviewer of his book is loath to believe tney were reproduced in any other manner than by actually photographing tne colors, for it would seem almost Impossible to give all the minute shadings with a brush or any other process save that of the camera, and yet the writer of this article does not recall any report of the perfection of a process of photographing colors, at least such a process as woulu be required to give tne effects obtained in Prof. Hollands plates. However, a caretul scrutiny has saned to show even slight uefects in these piates, of which there are forty-eight in the nook. Prof. Holland s aim has been to popularize the study of butterflies, and, as he says, success in mis direction would not only furnish a great many people with pleasure and satisfaction which only those who have followed the beautiful, airy creatures can understand, but it would have the effect of turning numerous young naturalists away from their destructive campaigns against the song birds. There is littie danger of a butterfly species becoming extinct through the enthusiasm, and tne numbers of collectors, atmtugn so much cannot be said for the feathered songsters. Prof. Holland has an excellent faculty of making! himself clear, a feat somewhat difficult in discussing a topic of this Kind, but, while his language is simp.e. he goes sufficiently into details to leave nothing to be desired. r l he various suigi s in the transition from the embryo to the butterfly are set out in a manner w-hich would scarcely confuse a child. With his description are intelligent explanations as to too probable or apparent reason why nature decreed each feature of the transition 10 txs just as it is. His chapter on collecting and preserving the insects and raising the caterpillars is a valuable one to collectors. There has been no little difficulty in years past in properly preserving butterflies and mottis, for they arc liable to attack by minute insects-, and frequently an exudation of grease from the bouies of the preserved insects may destroy a very valuable collection. 1 i of. Holland’s wide experience in collecting gives unusual importance to his observations along this line. A glance through the text of his volume shows some changes, over, say ten years ago, in the classification of butterflies. About sixteen years ago there was much interest in this city among schoolboys in the study of lepidoptera. and this interest progressed much farther than a passing fad or a schoolboy whim. Intelligent study of the species, and an enthusiasm and ambition to make original discoveries moved these young naturalists. An Agassiz association, composed of young people, flourished r.d le t op lar branch was cU t> rfli s. There were famous haunts around Indianapolis in those days, and these young people, now grown men, look back fondly to the secrets of nature they apparently discovered at that time. North oi the „-\ilas engine works was a wild, impenetrable swamp containing mysteries of mysteries—South America it was called—and here rare species of butterflies were found. Sassafras bushes grew along the old State ditch in this neignborhood, and the peculiar species whose larva fed on the sassafras was hunted here. Sometimes the boys would spend days in searching for walnut groves where they might come upon the huge, green caterpillar, whose cocoon would be the home of the beautiful Attacus Luna, a rare mom. Ju the winter time any number of lads could be seen going along the rows of downtown maples stripping the limbs of the cocoons, which turned out the common Attacus Cecropia, or occasionally an Attacus Prometheus. it is recalled that from the distant land of the Mikado some of the boys imported the Attacus Cynthia and established this species in Indianapolis, these huge olive green moths, descendants of that original importation still being found now and then near the sumac trees. At the annual state fairs there were hosts of collections, ann to take a one-dollar or a two-dollar prize was about as much glory as a lad could dream of. The fascination of this study and of the excursions to the woods, the thistle commons and the flowery meads, is something which only those who have been there can appreciate. For the Indianapolis school children of to day there is no subject they can take up w'hieh will do more to train their minds towards original observation and thought than the study of butterflies, and there is n> book of reference better suited for the needs of such students than this one issued by Dr, Holland. His publishers announce tint it will be sent postpaid on approval, to be returned in case it is not wanted after examination. The price of the book is $3,

WntteMon’d War History. The first history of the Spanish-Amerlcan war, except as it has appeared in the newspapers. is given to the public by Hon. Henry Watterson in a handsome volume issued by the Werner Company, of Akron, O. In an earlier time histories of wars and other world-movements did not so swiftly succeed the events themselves, but in these days when a \ r ast news bureau and an army of special correspondents keep the public supplied with a daily record of all happenings, and the publicity given to official proceedings makes current history and its meanings as clear to the intelligent observer as that of a past century is, there is nothing to prevent one with a proper grasp of the subject and the required literary ability from gathering the facts, sure that they are facts, and setting them down in a way that will be accepted as authoritative. Mr. Watterson is admirably qualified for the work he undertook. His interest in the war as it progressed was intense; as the events passed before him in vivid panorama he realized their relation to each other and their general import. Asa newspaper man he readily selected the salient points, and in gathering the material for the volume was able to cast aside as irrelevant much matter with which the ordinary historian would have been apt to clog his pages. The news sense and the editorial ability to estimate values may be as useful in historical as in newspaper work. The result of his labors is a swift-moving, clearly-phrased narrative beginning with the destruction of the Maine, ending with the peace negotiations, and eovering so completely all intermediate happenings that one—say a north pole explorer who tiad heard notiiing of the war until it was ended, would have all the information needed when he had read this book. The author says in his preface: ‘ The purpose of the pages is to tell the story of these soldiers and these sailors as they themselves revealed it from time to time during the war with Spain. Xo notice is here taken of any controversy incident to or growing out of the events attempted to be impartially set forth. This history has naught to do with disputed or undisputed claims among ambi*tious rivals. As Admiral Schley observed, there 'was glory enough to go round.' Having no other aim than to render to Caesar the things which are Caesar s, its author has sought to make a simple, lucid narrative of an episode, short, Indeed, but not too short to glorify American arts and arms. Although written concurrently with the progress of the events it describes, sufficient time was allowed in every instance to ascertain from official and other sources the actual facts of every transaction; and it is believed that it has omitted no essential feature of the operations on land and sea. or failed to give each of them its fair proportion. An abundance rather than a scarcity of material for its composition, ready-made by the newspaper correspondents, to whom the author's first and chief acknowledgments are due, has attended its progress to-

ward completion; and his would be but an imperfect account it it failed to mark the daring, energy and skill, along with entire fidelity to justice and truth, which characters* and the part played by these important and inseparable companions of the soldiers in the field. Assuredly nothing has been set down either in wanton praise or blame, so that the whole is submitted to the public with the confident belief that It embraces what, indeed, it purports to be. a complete and authentic account of the war between the United States and Spain.” Mr. Watterson fairly presents the arguments for and against national expansion, but while he has evidently come to the belief with some difficulty he is convinced that the only course is to retain all the possessions that have come into our hands. Ha says in the final chapter; “I.et us believe that the untoward events of the war with Spain were brought about for some all-wist* purpose by the Supreme Ruler of men, and that the hand which has led American manhood through every emergency to the on® goal of the American Union, has in store for that Union even greater uses and glory than irradiated the dreams and blessed the prayers of the God-fearing men who gave it life.” The volume is well printed, and has numerous illustrations. An appendix contains a number of official documents, such as Sampson's and Schley's reports and the account of the cruise of the Oregon written by her chief engineer. Altogether, the volume is a desirable one for any library. Through Asia. Among recent books of travel one of th® most notable is “Through Asia,” by Dr. Sven Hedin, the eminent Swedish explorer. In 18S9-S0 Dr. Hedin visited Persia and made a journey through that country preliminary to an undertaking which was to place him in the fiont rank of explorers. On his return to Sweden he obtained th® support of King Oscar and one or two private individuals for an exploring trip through some of the least known regions of central Asia. This trip was begun in October. 1593, and occupied about four years, during which the intrepid explorer traveled nearly 15,000 mites, a large portion of th® way through regions which no European had ever before visited. The greater part of IM*4 was spent in investigating the ciimat® and glaciers of that complicated mountainous mass, the Russian Pamirs, "The Roof of the World.” The next two years and a half were occupied in traversing the continent of Asia by practically unknown paths, leading through the mountainous regions of Thibet and finally through China to Pekin. Then the traveler turned around and traversed Asia by the Siberian route. In the course of this remarkable journey Dr. Hedin came in contact with many strange tribes and peoples, and being an accomplished linguist, he was able to communicate with most of them. The description of these peoples, of the vast and mysterious legions inhabited by them and of the traveler's perilous adventures makes a Work of intense interest. Another distinctive feature of it is its scientific notes, surveys, maps, etc., supplying a mass of valuable information for scientists quite apart from that pertaining to the work as one for general readers. The book is written in a plain narrative style, stupendous wonders of nature, hairbreadth escapes and thrilling adventures being described in such a modest and graphic way as to give the work a special charm. It makes two volumes of liberal size, is copiously Illustrated and published by Harper & Brothers. Poems of William Collins. William Collins, an English poet who is little read nowadays and whose writings are much too classical ever to have be* u popular, was born in 1721 and died insane in 1759. His poems, making a small volume, accompanied by a biographical and literary sketch, are published by Ginn & Cos., Boston. Among the poems is an "Ode to Evening." which has been thought to have* furnished some hints for Gray's celebrated “*legy in a Country Churchyard.” Among others it contains the following stanza: “Now air is hushed, save where the weakeyed bat, With short, shrill shriek, flits by on leathern wing, Or where the beetle winds His small but sullen horn.” The following from Gray's “Elegy” bears a resemblance to this; "Now fades the landscape on the glimmering sight. And ail the air a solemn stillness holds. Save where the beetle wheels Us droning flight Or drowsy tinklings lull the distant folds.” This is the nearest resemblance between any two stanzas in the two poems and It is not close enough to justify a charge of plagiarism against Gray. The present edition of Collins’s poems Is fully annotated, making a volume to interest literary people.

Tlie New Woman. This story is intended to illustrate th dangerous tendencies and evil results of modern “advanced” ideas and society fads on home life. The scene of the story is laid in Illinois and the characters are everyday people, such as one is accustomed to meet. The story seems to be based on observationand experience, but it is weighted down by too much, or at least too conspicuous a moral. Some of the pictures of farm life are very good, and there is an atmosphere of real life about the story that attracts in spite of its crudeness The author is Dr. John Hund, and this seems to be his first effort at story writing. He should know how to say the sun had set after a hot summer day in better form that "Old Sol had unhitched his fiery steeds and stopped their ardent prancing.” Chicago: W. B. Conkey Company. History of the World. A complete history of the world would make so many big volumes that the world v/ould scarcely know where to put them. It follows that a history of the world condensed into one volume of moderate size cannot be very detailed, yet this one by Prof. Edgar Sanderson if a good work of the kind. It contains in an abridged form a great mass of information intelligently epitomized. Such a book is scarcely more than a smell of history, but even a smell has its vses and may induce the smeller to make further investigations. The American edition of the work, published by D. Appleton & Cos., brings the history of the United States down to the close of the war with Spain, giving twenty-one pages to the history of the United Slates from 1782 to 1898. llow Music Developed. This is a critical and explanatory account of the growth of modern music, by W. J. Henderson. The author has written several books on music, and shows himself a master of the science as well as the history of music, pf its art and its literature. This work treats exclusively of me development of modern music, including harmony, notation and measure, the birth of counter point, the progress of popular music, the evolution of fie piano, the eA’olution of the orchestra, the development of chamber music and other matters of Interest to musicians. The chapters relating to the birth and development of opera and the Italian and German schools and composers possess interest for general readers as well as professional musicians. Frederick A. Stokes & Cos. Tliarkernj'* Works. The biographical edition of the complete works of W. M. Thackeray which is being issued by Harper Ar Brothers has for its ninth volume “The Christmas Books of Mr. M. A. Titmarah, etc.” The "etc.” represents half a dozen light sketches not familiar to all admirers of Thackeray. An Interesting feature of this volume, as of each one in this edition, is the introduction by Mrs. Anne Thackeray Ritchie, daughter of the great novelist, in which she gives many new anecdotes and personal and literary rtminlscfnces concerning him. with hitherto unpublished letters, sketches and drawings trom his original manuscripts and note books. This is much the best edition of Thackeray’s works ever issued. A lobe. This is a novel by Jonas Lie—a n odd name, but not an English one. Jonas Lie is a Xorwegian. and his stories are said to have more readers in Scandinavia than those of most any other writer of the day. Ho is not a great creative artist, but he is a conscientious delineator of human life and character as he sees it. His countrymen and countrywomen find in his s ones a degree of truthfulness, pathos and moral sincerity that pleases them. English readers may be pleased to read one of the most characteristic stories of a writer who is innocent of any “ism” and professes to teach no gospel, hut who Is the best beloved of the living novelists of his fatherland. New York: George H. Richmond tii Son. Melinda, and Some Others. This is a paper-back story by Kthel Maude, published by D. Appleton & Cos. The story deserves a cloth binding, and the author ought to change her name, for if “Ethel Maude’ is a mun de plume she, or he, Is not as clever In the selection of a pen name as in the telling of a story. The story of Belinda and the others is an English talc. It is in the style of humor peculiar