Indianapolis Journal, Volume 49, Number 3, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 January 1899 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL TUESDAY, JANUARY 3, 1899. Washington Office—lso3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone (alia. Business Office 238 | Editorial Rooms 86 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY BY MAIL. Dally only, one month $ -*0 Dally only, three months 2.00 Dally only, one year Daily, including Sunday, one year 1° 00 Sunday only, one year 2.00 WHEN FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Dally, per week, hy carrier lj> cts Sunday, single copy s 018 Dally and Sunday, jier week, by carrier 20 cts WEEKLY. Per year R-00 Reduced Rates to ( lull*. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or send subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, IndfunnpoliM, lnd. Persons sending the Journal through the malls In the United States should put on an eight-page paper a ONE-CLNT pelage stamp; on a twelve of slxtetn-page paper a TWO-CENT postage stamp. Foreign postage Is usually double these rates. All communications intended for publication in this paw>r must, in order to receive attention, lie accompanied by the name and address of the writer. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Uan be found at the following places: NEW YORK—Astor House. CHICAGO—PaImer House, P. O. News Cos., 217 Dearborn street. Great Northern Hotel and Grand Pacific Hotel. CINCINNATI—J. R. Hawley & Cos., 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE—C. T. Peering, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book C'o., 256 Fourth avenue. ST. LOUlS—Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C—Riggs House, Ebbltt House and Willard's Hotel. All Euroj>e is talking about us, but let us not appear self-conscious or haughty. "Public order and liberty” Is what General Brooke proposes to give the people of Cuba. It will be a novelty. The course which General Brooke is pursuing is designed to secure the confidence of the Cubans, particularly the plan of placing them in all the subordinate places In the customs and postal service. If the uneasy Bryanites would hut observe a discreet silence an issue might come to them. The eagerness of their loader is causing people to wonder how it happened that they voted for him in November, 1806. Mr. Henry Watterson advises the Democrats to “relegate free silver to the limbo of the bu3ted shades and send the fools to the rear.” Does the owner of the ‘‘stareyed goddess” propose to scatter the Democratic party helplessly? The man who sends out fifty or sixty letters with a view' of making a secret combination with a money basis is very fresh in conspiracy. Someone will givo one of the letters to an enemy, as Mr. Storms, of Lafayette, now understands. The papers of many of the leading cities contain signed articles by officials and business men showing the marked prosperity of the year 1898. And yet it was due to influences which some of the official signers did their utmost to destroy, the chief of w r hich is the gold standard.

Captain General Castellanos is not a bald man, so when he says that he has been in more battles than he has hairs on his head he must be indulging in the extravagant language of his countrymen or must have fallen into the error of calling the little skirmishes with the Cuban insurgents battles. The tariff revenues during last December were $16,764,326—the largest in any one month since 1890, before the McKinley tariff. The duties the last six months amounted to $96,645,539, against $62,829,091 during the corresponding period of last year. This means that the Dlngley tariff act is a fair sort of revenue-getter. The people of this country will watch the progress of events in Cuba with untiring Interest. They desire that the people of the Island shall show themselves to be qualified to set up a stable and just government. Americans are not in favor of the annexation of Cuba, but they will hold possession until the Cubans show themselves capable cf self-government. The opponents of legislation designed to restrict to a reasonable limit the powers of township trustees and other officers are now expressing fear that the proposed legislation is not practical, and say they will oppose it. Is it not practical to have a board of advisers for an executive officer? Would these opponents favor a change In the Constitution which would authorize the Governor to levy whatever taxes he might See fit, expend the money as he might see fit, and keep public money to loan on his own account? The proposed legislation will Simply bring officers who now’ have too much power into conformity with our general form of government, which consists of legislative, executive and judicial departments. The Journal desires to reiterate, for itself and for all those who believe that there should be a change in the system of township management, that this movement is not Inspired by a fresh conviction that the township trustees as a body are corrupt or even inefficient men. There are as many and probably more faithful and intelligent men holding the office of township trustee tiow as there ever was. Moreover, a very large majority of them administer their trusts in the interest of the people. “All of the trustees in Hamilton county,” says the Noblesville Ledger, “are competent and faithful men.” The same can be said of those of other counties. Nevertheless, honest men may fall Into lax ways under a vicious system. It can be added that the upright trustees who fell in with those who wrote the resolutions adopted by the trustees' association last week put themselves in a false position and are liable to be misjudged. Scores of trustees are known to be in favor of the proposed legislation, and they should at once make such declaration. The agricultural appropriation bill as it passed the House contained a paragraph which is designed to give the President power to retaliate upon other nations whose governments refuse to accept the certificates of American inspectors that the meats we would export are wholesome. The Senate committee is considering a further amendment to the bill by giving the President power to reciprocate as well as to retaliate In our trade with other nations. If Germany and France continue to impose unnecessary restrictions upon our agricultural products, the President may Impose restrictions upon their exports to this country. If the French government places an embargo upon our meats, the President could require • chemical analysis of every case of champagne or other wine which the people of that country might send to the United

States. The same policy could be adopted in regard to German cheese, sausage, wines and other articles sold in this country. The authority to reciprocate favors extended by European nations would help our export trade. These provisions will strike Americans as proper and timely. AFTER TWENTY YEARS. With the close of 1898 the United States had been upon a specie or gold basis twenty years. The resumption act was passed just befere the Republicans lost control of Congress in March. 1875, by almost a strict party vote In each branch of Congress. It wras the last great measure of Republican statesmanship before the House, for several terms, fell into the hands of the Democrats. In the election of 1874, close upon the heels of the financial revulsion of that year, the Democrats carried the House and held successive Houses until that which was elected in 18S0. The throe Democratic Congresses did all in their power to repeal the resumption act; repeal bills ware passed by the House, and the Democratic rational convention of 1876 demanded its repeal. At times the sentiment of the country seemed to be against specie resumption. Several States were swept into the inflation heresy, but the Republican majority in the Senate during two Congresses and the closeness of a third, with the certain veto of President Hayes, saved the resumption act. It was fortunate beyond measure that the last Republican Congress enacted the resumption act as it did. Had it not taken such action then the country’ would have embarked upon the shoreless sea of paper inflation and its consequent ruin. The Republicans did not again have a majority in the House until 1881. If specie resumption had not been successfully accomplished on Jan. 1, 1879, it is not probable that the Republicans would have carried the election in 1889. Therefore no one can imagine what would have come if the resumption act had not been passed when it was. In spite of all the predictions of calamity-it-s of the certain failure of the Republican plan to bring the country to specie payments, business easily adjusted itself to the provisions of the law. As the date of resumption approached the premium on gold melted away. When tho morning of Jan. 1, 1879, came the treasury was prepared to redeem greenbacks with gold. The member of the New' York Exchange who, three months earlier, had declared that he would give SIOO,OOO for the first place in the line of those taking greenbacks to the subtreasury for redemption did not make his appearance. The whole volume of the currency became as good as gold, and industry and business leaped into activity after four years of depression. Since that date the silver agitation has made war upon the gold standard, but now, after a fifth of a century of gold payments, the United States has come to an ei i of prosperity which is clue largely to the conviction that the country is firmly planted on the gold basis. It is, moreover, a vindication of the wisdom of Republican statesmanship. A USEFUL COMMITTEE. The last Legislature provided by law for the appointment of a committee from the members of the Legislature-elect to visit all of the state institutions, Inquire into their needs and report to the Legislature. The purpose In creating this committee was to obtain data for the committees having to do with appropriations and to place before the Legislature accurate information which would enable members to act intelligently. For the work designed by the act Governor Mount appointed Senator Goodw’ine and Representatives Roots and Herod. They have performed the task in a most thorough manner, thus establishing a precedent for future committees. Their report will place before the Legislature an amount of accurate information that no Legislature has ever had put before it for its guidance. Every institution is taken up and its expenditures are presented in detail, even to the wages paid to every' employe. Estimates are based upon the expenditures of the year w’hich closed last October. The recommendations for the extensions of buildings are fully explained. The Information which this committee has collected should take the place of the visitations of large committees and the examination of trustees and superintendents by the ways and means committee. Indeed, it is well known that the legislative committee which spends twonty r -four hours in an institution cannot obtain any information that is valuable as a basis of opinion or that can be of use to the ways and means committee. As to the usual estimates of the officers of institutions there has been a conviction on the part of members of the Legislature that they ask for twice as much as they need in the expectation of getting half the amount. This assumption not only does the larger part of the officers of institutions an injustice, but it makes it necessary for them to appear as lobbyists, which they should not do, and w hich most of them do not wish to do. Members of the Legislature should feel that they have the same interest in the state’s institutions as have trustees and other officers. It is fair to assume that members of the Legislature propose to deal fairly with all institutions, and that they will do so when assured of accurate data upon which to base legislative action. If the report of the visiting committee is placed before each member, he will have information upon which he can rely, and the information is of such character that it will be unnecessary or, at least should be unnecessary, for the officers of institutions to come up to the Legislature to urge appropriations. The report of the committee should be printed for the use of the Legislature.

IN SEARCH OF AN ISSUE. Colonel Bryan Is talking the worst sort of nonsense when he declares that the United States must not deny the Filipinos what our fathers fought to obtain for themselves —the right of self-government. In the first place, Colonel Bryan should understand that there Is a vast difference between the men who sigped the Declaration of Independence and the people they represented and the inhabitants of the Philippines. They were the foremost men of their times in intelligence, and they represented people who had intelligent ideas regarding popular government. There Is no such leadership irv the Philippines, and the inhabitants, crushed under the despotism of Spain, have no idea of self-government. They need to be taught as children must be taught If they are to become intelligent people. In the next place. It can be said that there is no disposition to “oppress” the Filipinos, as Colonel Bryan assumes in all of his frequent speeches. If he w’ere a man who keeps himself informed of current events he would know that the President has sent a proclamation to the people of the Philippines declaring the course he proposes to pursue in reference to them. The full text of that proclamation has not been giS’en, but the brief resume which has been published

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, TUESDAY, JANUARY 3, 1899.

shows that it Is modeled on that which was issued in Santiago by order of the President Briefly stated, the relation of the United States to the Filipinos is that of a guardian. American soldiers are not in the Philippines to oppress, but to protect and to encourage the more intelligent and well-dis-posed to establish local governments and to protect them in that work. The President assumes that the Filipinos are fitted for self-government, but if he should be deceived regarding the matter the United States will not permit the violence and anarchy’ which have marked the South American, republics to disgrace the Philippines and become an excuse for interference by some other foreign nation. Everybody except Colonel Bry’an and those who are hunting for anew issue with him knows that annexation and the permanent rule of the people of the Philippines is not contemplated. The trouble with Colonel Bry’an is that he is well-nigh wild with the desire to be President. He has, at length, discovered that his 16-to-l fad is a dead issue. Having made this belated discovery’, he is rushing up and down the country’ to find another issue. Starting out to oppose the ratification of the Spanish treaty, and finding that that policy would be fatal, he assumes that the President proposes to annex the Philippines, deny the inhabitants self-government and proceed to oppress them as has Spain. If Colonel Bryan wrere in an equable frame cf mind he could see how absurd he is making himself. There may be good reasons for the proposed payment of the insurgent army in Cuba by funds furnished by the United States, to be returned from the customs duties of the island, but they are not apparent to all. Thus far the President, it is said, has not been convinced that such a procedure would be wise. If the money is furnished it will be done to induce the insurgents bearing arms to cease to do so. As the insurgents carrying arms are a menace to the communities in which they live, the payment of any sum of money to them will not be regarded as the settlement of a claim which they have upon the United States, but as a bounty to induce them to disband and seek peaceful pursuits. It is true that it is urged that these insurgent soldiers have no means with which to re-establish themselves in their destroyed homes. This is very vague. If their homes have been destroyed w’hat has become of their families? If they cannot support themselves on their lands, how can they make a living idly carrying arms? The real objection to this paying off of the insurgent army is that it will be regarded as an attempt to hire them to disband peacefully. That might answer if, when done, it would be ended, but ignorant men when once hired to be peaceable will come up for a second and third installment of wages w hen they are in need. Besides, the insurgent army was not a reality. Tt has been valiant at a distance, but small in numbers and quite useless when service was required. They are soldiers who mustered in force for rations, but were not to be found when blockhouses were to be assailed at Santiago. There is danger, moreover, that if they are paid as insurgents they will forthwith regard themselves as the wards of the United States for all time.

When the Grand Central Station was built, in 1871, Commodore Vanderbilt is reported to have said that it would be sufficient for the railway needs of New York city for fifty years. His thoughts were concerned mainly with freight traffic from the West and Northwest, and his calculations based on its probable rate of increase. He failed to consider local passenger traffic, but, curiously enough, it was the increase in this that made the station inadequate in less than tw’enty years to the business that passed through it. Improvements have been added from time to time, and within a year or so further changes, including the building of the largest waiting rooms in the country, will be made. It is the suburban travel that necessitates this, and its extent shows the changes in manner of living that have taken place in New York, business men no longer finding it necessary to make their homes in the city. There are so many commuters, that is men who buy tickets at a reduced rate by paying for them monthly in advance, that it is said a single one of the roads running out of the Grand Central Station receives considerably over SIOO,000 each month from this class of patrons. The commodore's successors have considered this fact, and think quite as well of this line of business as of Western freight traffic, whose returns are much slower in coming in. The history of the station shows how difficult it is for even the shrew’dest business man to consider future possibilities in this rapidly growing, swiftly changing country. The township and county bills are bottomed on the principle that each government should fix its own taxes and direct to what end they should be spent. The treasurer of the United States cannot spend a dollar until Congress has passed a revenue law’ and appropriated the money. So the treasurer of this State cannot pay out any money until the Legislature has passed an appropriation law. Every city and town levies and disburses its own funds. Why shall not townships and counties do the same? In this city the proper boards submit their annual estimates to the City Council; all of our state institutions, penal and benevolent, must submit their estimates for future needs to the Legislature, which must revise and pass the appropriation bills. No state officer can create a debt beyond the sums set aside therefor in the appropriation law’. If an emergency arises the Governor can call a special session, but the appropriations are so wisely made that it is not necessary. It will not do to say our people cannot do for a township or county what they do for the State. These bills provide for emergencies. and their spirit will encourage local self-government and inspire interest and care In affairs near at home. The principle Is right. Let it prevail. One of the ministers of the city’ announces a course of lectures to be given for the purpose of stimulating an Interest in poetry, history and otner literature. The subject of the opening address will be “Hall Caine.” The Journal cannot speak with authority for this minister's congregation, but, as he is a newcomer, considers it as well to inform him that the community in general has passed the Hail Caine stage of development and that a considerable portion of it does not regard that gentleman’s productions as literature at all. His books have been sent to join those of Marie Corelli. In the Journal’s “Questions and Answers” column of Dec. 25 an inquirer is informed that the twentieth century begins on Jan. 1, 1901. This is correct and in accord with the best authorities. Being based on the simplest of arithmetical calculations it is rather curious that any dispute should have arisen concerning it. but owing to a fashion figures have of misleading people It is one or the matters on which a perpetual controversy rages, many hastily declaring that the nineteenth century enfis at the beginning, instead of the close of 1900. In a New

Year’s day paragraph the Journal itself inadvertently falls into this error, but here makes haste to rectify it, and to announce to various contributors that its colunms are not open to a discussion of the matter. Numerous authorities might be cited, but disputants are respectfully referred to the Century and Webster’s dictionaries as probably sufficient. It Is now proper to say “Cuba libre.” This does not mean that Cuba Is free from everything, but only that she is free from Spanish rule, against which she fought valiantly for many years. She is not yet free from a lot of fool, mongrel Spanish notions of things, until she is rid of which she will not be fit for independence. The Brooklyn Eagle, with commendable enterprise, issues a forty-page supplement with its N ew Year’s day number, which contains a history, from start to finish, of the war between the United States and Spain. Filed for reference it will serve very well until a more elaborate record is produced. W. L, Alden, in his London literary letter, relates that the conductors of Cassell's Magazine will not permit any mention in the pages of that periodical of the existence of a theater. What havoc such a rule would work with 10-cent magazines in this country if it were suddenly put in force! New vital spots are being discovered in the human anatomy. An American soldier at Havana became crazed with liquor and shot himself fatally “in the prado.” Now get out your anatomical dictionaries. 11l RULES IN THE AIR. Overdid It. "I wonder if Johnson hadn't heard that story before?” “What makes you think so?” “He laughed so heartily.” Evasive. “Are you an imperialist?” asked the person who likes to know. “Young man,” said the statesman, ‘‘l never wore one in ail my life.” Tlie ( lieerfnl Idiot. “The bell,” said the prosy boarder, "has almost superseded the knocker.” “And that is the reason,” said the Cheerful Idiot, “why it is a kno’.ker.” Swindled. "Well, how do you like your suburban home with ail the city conveniences?” asked the cit. “Between you and me,” said the man who had moved lately, “that premise of all city conveniences proves to be a fake. I have to walk two blocks to get a drink.” ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. Someone the other day asked Senator Simon, of Oregon, what he thought of the business opportunities of Alaska. “Carpetbeating is the best business,” he replied. “You can just beat the carpets and keep the dust.” Apropos of years, old and new, Joseph Cook once made this felicitous characterization of man’s earthly periods: Thoughtless teens, teachable 20’s, tireless 30’s, fighting 40’s, forceful 53’s, sober GO'S, sacred 70's, aching 80’s, nothing 90’s. Tho monument erected over the grave of Sir Humphrey Davy is in a dilapidated condition, and the Royal Society is raising a fund for its renovation. The original monument stands in the public cemetery of Geneva, where Davy was buried in 1829. It was noted by Sir Samuel Baker that a negro had never been known to tame an elephant or any wild animal. A person might travel all over Africa and never see a wild creature trained and petted. It often struck Sir Samuel that the little negro children never had a pet animal. Thomas Barley Aldrich was dining with Rudyard Kipling when the news of the signing of the peace treaty between Spain and the United States was announced. Aldrich read the dispatch aloud and added: “Ah. Kipling, what’s that, you used to say about the sun never setting on the British flag?” The late Calvin S. Brice had the reputation of being a hard man in business affairs, but in Lima, 0., his old home, he was known for his generous charity. He was loyal to his old friends and helped more than one through the hard times of ’93-4, and during that hard winter distributed as much as 500 tons of coal in a day. London is at last to have a real university, and a scheme is proposed for a grand imperial institution, with headquarters at the capital and affiliated colleges in the colonies, with a uniform system of examinations. The site has not yet been chosen, but one suggestion is to erect new’ buildings on the three acres of vacant land ow’wed by the Imperial Institute. Dr. D. K. Pearsons, of Chicago, who has given so much money to colleges and hospitals In recent years, says: "I have labored nearly eighty years to make money—have made it, and honestly, too. The statement may seem very strange to you when I say that I do not pose as a benevolent man. I have no benevolence in me—not a particle. I am the most economical, closefisted man you ever put your eyes on. You can see it in my face—it is there. Ido not think I ever foolishly spent S2O in my life.” Absent-mindedness, another form of defective memory, produces equally embarrassing contretemps. Pasteur dipped his cherries in a glass of water before eating to “free them from microbes;” then unthinkingly raised his glass and took his microbes at one dose. A learned Cambridge professor took tc a convalescing friend a bunch of fine hot -house grapes. In an animated conversation with the invalid he picked and ate one by one all of the grapes, and departing said to his friend, “those grapes W’ill do you good.” A well-known archbishop found fault, as even churchmen w’ill. with the flavor of his soup, at home. Next evening, at a large dinner party, he remarked across the table to his wife, “This soup is a failure again, my dear.” On Christmas eve Colonel Roosevelt delivered to his own children and those of his servants a host of presents and then delivered this little speech: “Make up your minds that you are going to have a good time in life and do something worth while. You are going to work hard and do the things you start out to do. Don’t let any one impose on you. Don’t he quarrelsome, but stand up for your rights. If you’ve got to fight, fight, and tight hard and well. To my mind a coward is the only thing meaner than a liar. Work hard, but have a good time, too. If in your w r ork you find a chance for a holiday, take it. But don’t think that vou can have a holiday all your lives, because that isn’t so. You are going to work hard; you must. Be brave, but be gentle to little girls and to all dumb animals.” They say that blood will tell— It may, but as things go It isn’t blood, but gall, that serves A man best here below. —Cleveland Leader. Bit of Hofei History. Washington Special. Caleb Willard, proprietor of the Ebbitt House, one of the famous Washington hostelries, will now’ be able to realize one of the ambitions of his life and extend the frontage of his building down to F street. The way w r as blocked for forty years by a brother who owned a twenty-five-foot lot adjoining the Ebbitt House on the east, which tongue of land he would not sell for any price. The two brothers were at outs, and Henry, who owned land south of the Ebbitt House on Fourteenth street (Newspaper Row), as well as east of it on F. fed his grudge by hemming Caleb in and preventing him from hotel expansion. Henry died a year ago. leaving his son “Joe” $lO,000,000 and his grudges. The heir accepted the former, but not the latter, and a day or two ago let his uncle have that long-eoveted twenty-five feet of real estate on F street for $68,C0O —a fancy price, but not large considering that SIOO,OOO and $125,000 had been repeatedly refused for it by the original owner. Negotiations are also under way for the property adjoining the hotel on the south, and if a sale, is effected anew and magnificent Ebbitt House may take the place of the old structure, which savors rather too much of ye olden days to suit modern notions. Thus ends a family feud that has interested Washington for nearly half a century. Maurice Thompson’s Danger. New’ York Tribune. If Mr. Maurice Thompson does not look out he will be getting as deep into Canadian hot water as the author of “Our Lady of the Snows.” When he sings “She bore one cub, one only,” h* la likely to wake several other cubs not yet grown up to ask if he means to cast aspersions on their parentage.

INCIDENTS AT HAVANA • ♦ SCENES DI Rl\6 THE CI-OSIXG DAYS OF SrAMSH CONTROL. American* to the Front—Speculative Act iv it y —H coble** S!i oo tin g Theme for a Novelist. CHICAGO, Jan. 2.—The Tribune’s staff correspondent at Havana, under date of Dee. 23. says: Somebody is going to write a great novel some time on the last days of Havana ami the time- will be between a fallen dynasty. The plot will be laid in Havana and the time will be between Christmas and the last day of the year of grace 18SS. There arc all the vivid contrasts and shades that a novelist delights in here. There is the glory of a proud and ancient race that is to terminate as suddenly as a candle is snuffed out. There are traditions and customs that have prevailed for these hundreds of years that are as different from the manners and ideas of a new race that has suddenly became a power in the land as is the difference between day and night. Here is a palace with a throne room containing the great, chair in which only the reigning sovereign of Spain may sit, and outside American capitalists are planning to run a trolley line. Grim fortresses that have witnessed blood and carnnage, and whose, guns iave for fifty years kept the people of Havana in subjection, are regarded with great delight by speculators, who intend to buy up land as near them as possible and lay out subdivisions. There is no doubt that a row of suburban cottages ranged along the hills back of the fortresses would be much prettier than powder magazines and hidden batteries, but it is the contrast of the thing that is striking. Here in Havana, too, is the strong arm of a great nation. Soldiers weighed down with cartridges and their guns with fixed bayonets stand everywhere. The captain general of the city, in a uniform of gray and red and flaming gold, whirls by in his carriage, with outriders flanking the vehicle. Down at the captain general's palace, in his absence, American speculators are making bids with the soldiers at the door for a pair of the captain general’s boots, to be exhibited in “the States" in some dime museum. It is well. The captain general will not need his hoots much longer. His days in Cuba are numbered and within a week he is to pack his belongings and quit the island, and his palace will go into the hands of the Americans, who are not able to respect traditions of the sacredness of royalty and who will probably hang their hats and overcoats on the throne and fumigate the palace with carbonate of lime. AMERICANS TO THE FORE. There are Americans here who have already opened half a dozen gambling houses, seven American bars, two American restaurants, an American undertaking establishment that lias sent consoling cards to Americans in the city telling them to live in peace, as they may now die happy and be buried by real Americans in an American hearse and an American coffin, and if they wait a few weeks, probably in an American grave. All of which is truly consoling, and there is no reason why an American in Havana should be unhappy. Then there are capitalists here who are going to get, or have already obtained concessions, that may be worth the paper they are written on, and again may not be, to run trolley lines through the city. Narrow and ancient streets that existed before the first street car line was ever thought of will have to be widened and ripped up and its venerable landmarks destroyed to permit of the new improvements, hut it will be done.

Change is going to be the new order of things, and as the captain general, and the soldiers, and the armorial bearings, and the paintings of kings, and the dust of the illustrious dead, will soon he gone from this place there will go also much grandeur, but more dirt: ancient landmarks, but also ancient smells. Splendor will go and also cruelty, ahe mailed hand is soon to be removed and then the spirit of improvement as well as that of speculation will burst forth. And it will all happen in the twinkling of an eye. Concessions for railroads, for franchises of every description, were being granted right and left by everyone who had a vestige of authority, when Captain General Castellanos suddenly brought down his hand and said: “Not yet. The person who grants another concession goes to jail.” The rejoicing Cubans and Americans in the parishes that have been evacuated by Spanish troops have strung the streets with flags, and some have put flags even on the buildings along the Prado. The Spanish flag still waves over Havana from the harbor to Galiano street, and there is not room for anv otner flag there, though they are continually being put up and as often torn down. SPECUIjATIVE ACTIVITY. So conditions are at present much as they have been for a hundred years—all except the atmosphere that the speculators and investors have brought into the old town. There is all the nervous excitement here that is to be found in anew Western boom town. It is hard to tell whether Havana is at present more like a Moorish town of the sixteenth century or Coffeyville, Kan., in its boom days. There are cathedrals here hundreds of years old, ancient fortresses and streets built before America was a nation, and then there are the gambling houses, the American bars, and the restlessness and the recklessness of anew mining town in the Black Hills. Men who laid out towns in Alaska and dealt faro in Cripple Creek and located the best mines in the Klondike are here, and the solid capitalist who sees the possibilities of a land that for hundreds of years has been tied hands and feet is here. The people whose concessions may amount to something or may not, who have great plans to w’ork out as soon as the mailed hand of Spain is taken away, sit about the hotels day after day or walk about the streets counting the hours that are to pas3 until New Year’s day, when one flag goes down and another goes up. It reminds one of the boomers kr.ed up on the border line of Oklahoma leaning over their horses’ necks with their whips raised ready to dash forward as soon as the soldiers gave the word that the land was at last opened to settlement and civilization. There are scenes here like those that happened in Cripple Creek, in Deadwood and in Guthrie. The man out looking up a location for half a dozen green-covered poker tables meets at the door a preacher who is searching for a place to establish a .church. “I had a great place picked out,” a man with a black mustache and a habit of saying “See?” after every few words, said last week. “It was right in the heart of the city, near all the hotels, and just the kind of rooms I wanted for stud and roulettn only a sky pilot beat me to it, and now he is going to have a church there.” “I had a nice place picked out,” said a Methodist minister who is a chaplain <n the volunteer army. “It was right in the shadow of a cathedral, and a good place for missionary work, but a Baptist preacher got in ahead of me: but Ini glad he got it for I got ahead of an American bar with a poker annex.” An American liveryman is also hunting for a location in Havana, and every one joins in a fervent prayer for his supces* There are cabs enough in Havana to-day* The street-car lines only touch the business district at remote points, and everybody rides in the cabs. The fare is cheap; only 20 cents in Spanish silver, but It is discouraging to try to climb into a cab and shout “Hurry! Hurry!” to the driver; "I wish to catch a train.” and have him blink up sleepily from a corner of his cab and say: “Dispense me. senor. quiera, labler con ud.” His action more than his words can he only too well translated as “E:.cuse me, mister, but I wish to sleep.” foi he pats the leather cushion under his head and, after a look of sorrowful indignation at the man who has disturbed his slumbers, closes his eyes and begins snoring again. A whole line of cabs, eight in all. stood in front of the Pasje Hotel last week, but none of them couid be hired. Each cabman in turn said that it was now his breakfast time and that while he was extremely sorry—that it was good of the senor to ask his humble services—that he hoped hi the future to be of some service to him—that he was always to be found on the Prado across from the senor’s hotel—yet for the present he would have to beg to be excused. “My coffee and rails, senor. are waiting. I must go to breakfast and my horse to his oats.” So one by one they trundled blithely aWRr * TRAGIC INCIDENTS. The novelist who writes the last days of a fallen dynasty in Havana will have all this detail to work in. but he will have more. He will have tragedy as sternly and strongly drawn as are the contrasts of the two sorts

of civilization, and the scenes that to an American are fl!Jed with the most subtle humor. There are scenes nightly in Havana that are as dramatic as those of the r renen revolution. Motley crowds, men and women, black and white, parade the streets, sing" ing and shouting. The words “Cuba llbre are sung over and over again in a hoarse chant, accompanied bv the clapping of hands and a rhythmic dancing motion or the fee*.. These demonstrations are only permitted in the parts of the city evacuated by the Spaniards, but the paraders march up to the dividing line between Cuban soil and that which is still Spanish and parade past the soldiers of Spain drawn up in solid array, with fixed bayonets, and continue their chanting and shouting. A big negro with a Cuban flag about his shoulders led one parade last night. Here is the scene: He waves a stick of wood as a baton and wears a liberty cap on his head. Every few feet . e whirls about and shouts, "Cuba fibre!’ “Viva, viva!” responds the crowd. The leader waves his stick of cordweod and shrieks: “Viva los Bstados I’nidos. The paraders join hands and dance around shouting, “Viva, viva!” “Viva bravo Americano!” “Viva, viva!” “Viva Maximo Gomez!” “Viva, viva!” “Viva la bandera Cubana!” “Viva, viva!” Then the leader shouts for the Cuban flag, for the American flag, for the departure of the Spanish soldiers, for the confusion of Weyler and for half a hundred other things that in the noise and confusion cannot be understood. But for everything the crowd responds with yells and shrieks of “viva, viva, viva!” Sometimes a clash ensues between the paraders and the soldiers, and shots fly thick and fast, and when the smoke has died away there is blood on the pavement and probably somebody dead or dying. RECKLESS SHOOTING. The soldiers seem to be utterly regardless of where they shoot. In the affray at the Ir.glaterra, w r here three people were killed, and the one near the Hotel Roma, on Christmas ever, where one Cuban was killed and several wounded, the soldiers did not even raise their rifles to their shoulders. A company running to the scene from the Prado were firing when more than a block away from the place where the fight was on. They did not take the trouble to raise their rifles to their shoulder, but, holding their guns before them, banged away as fast as they could pump cartridges into the magazines of their rifles. Sometimes the encounters are like the ones that took place on Sunday night, when the soldiers and a party of Cubans, who were singing and shouting, clashed, and the Cubans made an attack with machetes, and three or four men were hacked and cut. These things do not get into the papers at the time they happen, tor the Spanish censor still sits in the palace with a guard of soldiers about him, and whatever reflects on the Spanish soldie.s is carefully peeled away. In these encounteis there are the vivid contrasts that there sre in everything else here. A crowd of people laughing and singing by seme trivial incident are turned into a mob. The little, good-natured looking boy soldier loafing in the colannades of the building, puffing a cigarette, is suddenly transformed into a being whose one thought is dejtruetion. There are quietness and peace in the air, atid over ali the white light of a tropical moonlight night, and v’r.ly a song or the laughter of people walking along the still streets ate heard on the night air, when suddenly there is heard the crack of a revolver, and then the rattle of Mausers and the smashing of glass by the bullets. The novelist who writes of those times should not forget that there are things that really happen that are stranger than fiction. SOCIALIST SWORN IN J. C. CHASE INSTALLED AS MAYOR OF HAVERHILL, MASS. “Every Atom of Hi* Power” to Be Exercised in Carrying Ont the Ideas of Hi* Party. * HAVERHILL, Mass. Jan. 2.—John C. Chase, elected on a socialistic platform, took the oath of office as mayor of Haverhill to-day. In his inaugural speech Mr. Chase assured the members of the city government and the people that “every atom of power” possessed by the mayor will be “exercised in the defense and support of the principles of socialism in so far as they may be applicable to a municipality.” The mayor fhen referred to the desirability of preserving equal rights upon which “the liberty and happiness of every man, woman and child are conditioned,” and asserted that these are possible of attainment “only through the establishment of the co-opera-tive commonwealth.” Continuing, Mayor Chase said: ”1 believe that every power tho municipality possesses should be placed at the disposal of the people in the interest of civilization. With that aim in view I submit the following specific recommendations: “First—The passage of an order establishing the minimum 'wage for street employes at $2 for eight hours' work. “Second—Union wages and conditions to prevail in all brick and stone masons’ work performed under the direction of the street department. “Third—All city printing to bear the union label.”

The mayor then took up the subject of the unemployed which, he said, had developed from the displacement of labor by machinery and the concentration of capital and a question which, he said, no municipality could solve, as it had become a national and international one. “Yet,” he said, “some little relief at least can be afforded by this city government. I therefore recommend: “First—That you proceed to secure a tract of land suitable for the raising of food products and that such of the unemployed as desire pe permitted to use said land, the city to furnish proper seeds and tools. “Second —The enlargement of the fuel yard at the city farm to such proportions as" will permit all who desire to earn by their labor such fuel as they may require. “Third—The appropriation of such an amount of money as circumstances may warrant to be used in providing employment directly upon public works, not in competition with the regular employes of the city, but upon special w r orks, two kinds of wfliich, I herewith suggest—improvement of the park system, and construction of a system of bicycle paths through all principal thoroughfares.” Mayor Chase condemned the system of contracting with the lowest bidder for city w'ork and said the system should not be tolerated. He said: “How bids mean cheap work. Cheap work means cheap men and low' wages and low wages lower the standard of citizenship. The city should perform its own work and furnish its own material, giving employment to its citizens.” The mayor advocated increased appropriations for educational purposes and municipal ownership of the electric lighting plants and street railways. LOTTERY AT KANSAS CITY. 1 <>o,ooo Prizes Drawn from Two Gins* "\\ heels by Sightless Boys. KANSAS CITY, Mo., Jr.n. 2.—Kansas City’s new great public buildings, the convention hall, practically completed, was dedicated to the public in a unique way today. The building, which will seat fifteen thousand people, and is one of the largest in the country, was erected by popular subscription and through other means of raising money. Business men had donated the greater part cf the money when it was found that more funds were needed. First thousands of Convention Hall buttons at $1 each, each of which entitled the holder to one share of stock in the building company, were sold. Later gifts were donated by business men until no less than seven thousand presents, ranging from a sheet of music to a $4,000 lot and including a lien cub, a race horse and three SI,OOO thoroughbred heifers, had been received by the building company. These presents, it was decided, should be drawn as prizes and 160.000 tickets at 25 cents each and entitling the holder of each to a “grab” for the prize, were sold. To-day the "drawing” was begun and thousands of people of ail degrees and conditions flocked in and out of the building to take their turn at a chance. A band discoursed music while vhe judges, with the aid of two blind boys from the Kansas City. Kan.. Asylum, awarded the prizes, tickets numbering from 1 to 100,000 and corresponding with those sold, being drawn from two glass wheels, presided over by the sightless boys. Governor’)* Office Hoblsed. SPRINGFIELD, 111., .Tan. JL—Some time Saturday night the Governor’s ofilee at the Statehouse was entered by parties unknown and $o&) stolen from a drawer. The crl ne is shrouded in mystery, as all the floors of the building are guarded by watchmen. The theft was discovered by Col. J. Mack Tanner. An Investigation is pending. Suspicion points to a etatehouae employe.

YEAR 1898 IN HISTORY ♦ SOME OF THE LEADING EVENTS OF THE FAST TWELVE MONTHS. Nation* Scheming: for Brontler Market* for Their Merchants—Development* in. the Far East. Baltimore Sun. Tho year IS9S brought several important charges in the current of the world’s affairs, illustrating tho truth that commercial interests now dominate international politics. England, tho United States, France, Germany, Russia and Japan are now the great industrial and exporting nations. Outside their own borders their political action has nowadays for motive the retention or procurement of markets for their manufactures and raw products. Russia, France and Germany have in recent years annexed territory with a view to obtaining exclusive markets. High tariffs shut competitors out of France acquisitions in Tunis, West Africa, Madagascar, Siam and China; out of German acquisitions in East and West Africa and the various islands annexed in the Pacific; out of Russian acquisitions in Asia Minor, Persia, Central Asia, Afghanistan, the Pamirs, the Amoor country and Manchuria.. Alarm was thus produced in England, in the United States and Japan. Just so far as the powers previously named extended their empires, just so far tlie open markets of the world were being closed to England, the United States and Japan. The engrossing events of ISOS have originated from the continued efforts of Russia, Germany and France to enlarge their commerce by enlarging their dominions and from tho counter efforts of the other three powers, either to preserve an “open doer” for their commerce in the territori* 3 seized by rivals, or to preserve the markets that were left by seizing them for themselves. Russia strives to divert the commerce of the East from British ships by building an overland railway to connect Vladivostok and Talien-VVan with St. Petersburg. To improve its terminal faciliti e s in the East she has, in the past year, occupied Port Arthur and TalienWan, with a large slice of China adjacent to Peking. Russia’s action is always inspired more by political than by commercial motives, and this fact did not lessen tho sensation produced by tho development of Russia’s designs in the first months of 1898. KAIO-CHAU AND WEI-HAI-WEI.

Germany first responded to Russia’s aggressive movement by seizing Kaio-Chau, on the coast of China, us a bast of German commercial operations in the East. In England this proceeding produced a great sensation. It was demanded .that Russia and Germany abstain from applying their tariffs to the territories they acquired in China cr otherwise abridging the trade facilities secured to England by existing treaties. Germany assented by declaring Kaio-Chatt an open port, like llongKong. Russia made vague promises, some of wnich were broken within a month. To oppose the political prestige and naval predominance acquired by Russia in acquiring and fortifying Port Arthur, England acquired Wei-Hai-Wet, just opposite, which commands Port Arthur and the Corean coast besides. A large area was added to Hong-Kong, new ports were opened to trade and the use of steamers on Chinese rivers was sanctioned. Very important is the fact that China agreed not to alienate to any power other than England the provinces bordering the Yang-Tsze river —thus defining a British sphere of influence. France obtained a like promise in respect to the provinces adjacent to Tonquin. A campaign of concession hunting at Peking occupied attention for soma months, and many charters are now for sale, the holders of but few of them having the millions with which to build the thousands of miles of railroads the charters call for. Following the concession excitement came the sensation caused by the Dowager Empress, w r ho, not liking the reforms initiated by the young Emperor, seized the reins of power by a palace revolution, expelling or executing the reformers who had influenced the Emperor. The Empress canceled the reform decrees and re-established the old abuses. The net result of the struggle in too East seems to be that England has made up her jnind to continue to insist on the polic y of “the open door,” with the more or less open co-operation of Japan and the United States, but, at the same time, believes that she will ultimately have to seize the provinces on the Yang-Tsze, as Russia has seized Manchuria, and is preparing to do so as soon as the “open-door” policy is evidently a failure. So far the “door” is still open—till Russia gets ready to close it. By occupying the Philippine islands, near the Chinese coast, the United States became in 1898 a factor in the commercial and political problems cf China. Her interests there are said to coincide wholly with England’s. ANGLO-FRENCH TROUBLES. At the opening of the year negotiations w T ere in progress at Paris to settle the disputed limits of British and French territories in West Africa, on the Niger and w est of that river. The French had sent troops into British territory; the English had sent none into French territory. As to the validity of claims made by the French in virtue of holding various points, the English were unyielding. War was for a time in prospect. The English at length conceded something in the interest of peace, giving the French territory long held to be English and also access to the upper waters of the Niger, in return for Fee trade with certain Alrican ports in the French sphere. The feeling over the Niger affair had scarcely subsided when it was found that a French force, under Captain Marchand, had occupied Fashoda, on the Nile, above Khartum, and nine French posts had been established in the Bahr-el-Ghazel Province, in the Nile Valley. There was, in consequence, a violent outburst of anger in Great Britain, men of all parties demanding the unconditional withdrawal of the French from the entire Nile Valley. During the Rosebery administration, in 1825, Lord Gray had announced in Parliament that England claimed the entire Nile Valley, and that the entrance of any other power into that valley would be deemed an “unfriendly act.” France had gone to Fashoda in full knowledge of the English claim, but fancied England would yield in this, as in other matters. It was designed to use Fashoda as an instrument with which to reopen the whole question of England’s sole occupation of Egypt. Hut Lord Salisbury refused to negotiate till the French withdrew from Fashoda and the entire Nile Valley. The British navy w as mobilized and war was plainly intended in case the French refused to cancel their act of defiance. After repeated efforts to “negotiate,” the French government, in view of the vast superiority of the British fleet, ordered the evacuation of the Upper Nile V alley. THE SUDAN. The warlike tone of British public opinion was accentuated by the succes of the troops of Egypt and England in the operations conducted by General Kitchener for the r.econquest of the Sudan. In the spring of 1808, with some twelve thousand men, Kitchener attacked sixteen thousand Dervishes in a fortified position near the River Atbara, destroying two-thirds of their number. On Sept. 2, after a long march up the Nile, the Anglo-British army, numbering twenty-five thousand, encountered the Khalifa, with forty thousand Dervishes, near Omdurman. The Khalifa ' was beaten, with the loss of some thirty thousand men killed and wounded, and fled to Kordofan. Khartum w’as r. occupied, and a memorial service was held among its ruins in honor of General Gordon—thus signally avenged. After Omdurman there were other fights with the Dervishes at Gedaref and on the Nile, near Fashoda, with the result that the entire Sudan es* of the Nile, and much of it west of the Nile, was brought again under Egypt’s rule. In I gam.a there was continuous fighting, owing partly to a mutiny of Sudanese sot--1 j r f ant * I ,ar tly to a rebellion of Waganda, led by King Mwanga. Tho year closes with peace substantially restored. In South Africa the general elections save the Africanders a majority of one in the Assembly. The smallness of the majority forced Mr. Schreiner to concede redistribution—which secures the party of Uoeil Rhodes predominance in the next elections, in the Transvaal the output of exceeds in IS9B that of ail other counil*? ot^er respects the Transvaal is in olmcultles, new tyrannies of the Boers exasperating the Financiers again almost to the point of rebellion. India ended the war with the tribes on her northwest frontier by enforcing their