Indianapolis Journal, Volume 48, Number 250, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 September 1898 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1858. Washington Office—ls4*3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Call*. Business Office 238 | Editorial Rooms 86 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY BY MAIL. Dally only, one month $ .70 Dally only, three months 2.00 Dally only, one year 8.00 Dally. Including Sunday, one year 10.00 Sunday only, one year 2.00 WHEN FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Dally, per week, by carrier 15 ots Sunday, single copy 5 cts Daily and Sunday, per week, by carrier.... 20 cts WEEKLY. Per year SI.OO Hedneed Rates to Club*. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or send subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Ind. Persons sending the Journal through the mails In the United States should put on an eight-page paper a ONE-OENT postage stamp; on a twelve or sixteen-page paper a TWO-CENT postage stamp. Foreign postage Is usually double these rates. All communications Intended for publication In this paper must, in ord“r to receive attention, he accompanied by the name and address of the writer. * THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL. Can be found at the following places: NEW YORK—Astor House. CHICAGO—PaImer House, P. O. News Cos., 217 Dearborn street. Great Northern Hotel and Grand Pacific Hotel. CINCINNATI—J. R. Hawley ft Cos., 154 Vine street. - LOUIKVILLE—O. T. Deerlng, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. 6T. LOUlS—Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON, D. C.—Riggs House, Ebbltt House and Willard's Hotel. Our next war ought to begin with the suppression of a few yellow journals and end with the hanging of a few sensational correspondents. By some oversight of the Democratic election officers in Arkansas the Republicans weie allowed to carry three counties and the Populists four In the election of Monday. Some day the Board of Public Works will be asked why they paid $.300 an acre for lend for park purposes which was offered the Board of Agriculture a few years ago for S2OO an acre. And what will the board answer? The present campaign of defamation of the administration and conduct of the war ic simply another phase of the calamity campaign. It is In the interest of a party whose political capital is national adversity and humiliation. The death rate at Camp Alger has been Sixteen to one thusand for a whole year, which is less than the death rate per thousand of several targe cities. During 1861 the death rate of the Union army w’as twenty-four to each one thousand men. In Camp Alger it has been one-third less. No officer or soldier has a right to say that he enlisted to light and therefore will not do garrison or “pol/ce” duty. No doubt fighting was the principal motive with all who enlisted, but It wa3 not part of the contract. The contract and oath of the soldier require him to serve the government for a stated period and do not make him the judge of what kind of service shall be required. The population of the District of Columbia is about equal in numbers to the entire army that has been under arms and in camp in the recent war. The death cf civilian* recorded in Washington during the last four months were In May 459, in June 352, in July 608. in August 600, total 2,<>49. This is from SCO to 400 more than the deaths among the soldiers during the same period from battle, wounds and disease. That is rather a pretty picture of military chivalry presented by the account of General Brooke's march across Porto Rico. The natives extending welcome to the army at every town, the Spanish buglers heralding its approach with regulation blasts, the captain general of the island tendering the American commander the use of his private residence, and Spanish and American soldiers fraternizing and exchanging souvenirs will furnish material for some future historian in describing the bright side of the war. -eThe recent war was the most bloodless one in history. Our losses in the Philippines, Cuba, Porto Rico, on land and sea, at home and abroad, killed in battle, by accident and by disease will number considerably less then 2.000. Yet no modern war has been so impoitant in its results or has so changed the political geography of the earth. The kickers and whiners who are complaining because some of the troops got sick or did not have enough to eat every day do not take into account the larger features of the war. “The United States is bound to grow, and there are some good opportunities in Central America that must not be lost.” The person who made this remark is a wellknown citizen of eastern Indiana who has property interests in Central America and is familiar with that country. There are two salient points in his remark: First, that the United States must grow; second, that Central America offers an inviting field for expansion. Both points are worth considering, especially by those who believe that the Nicaragua canal should be built by the United States through its own territory. Camels seem to have played an important part in the recent British expedition up the Nile and battle of Omdurman. In the advance on Omdurman a camel corps had a place in the front next to the British cavalry, and after the battle, when the cavalry had to abandon the pursuit on account of the exhaustion of the horses, camel •quads were ordered to continue it. From this it would appear that the meek and humble beast whose ungainly movements in a circus parade excite the derision of unsympathetic crowds is a very different sort of creature when its foot Is on its native heath, If the sands of the Sudan can be so called. General Pando’s criticism of the American •rmy and military methods is largely Spanish braggadocio. Its whole tenor is to magnify his own personality and the superior discipline and prowess of the Spanish army over the American. "The army of the United States is ineffective, almost worthless,” he says. Yet General Shafter with less than 15,000 troops compelled the surrender of Santiago and nearly double the number of men he had engaged. In his capacity a spy Pando says he witnessed the lack of discipline among the soldiers, the undue freedom between officers and men. and he adds: ”1 sent from here tbe information that my government desired; I told them of tbe incompetency of American soldiers.” If this was the information tbe Spanish

government desired it may have contributed to their deception regarding the quality of American soldiers and to their final defeat. It does not seem to occur to General Pando that in proclaiming the ineffectiveness and incompetency of the American army he proclaims also the inferiority of the Spanish whom they defeated. THE CASE OF MR. SHERMAN. Ex-Secretary Sherman is exemplifying the art of how not to grow old gracefully. Every person who would grow old gracefully must realize and accept without murmur the fact that the time comes in a. man’s life when he ceases to grow, loses his grasp of affairs and can n<f longer keep up with the procession. This is particularly true of a public man, who is held to a stricter accountability for the exercise of his best powers than is a private citizen. No public man has a right to complain if, when it becomes apparent that his mind is failing or his powers waning, he is kindly relieved of public duties. Even if consideration for him does not require it, duty to the public does, ar.d he is a wise statesman who accepts the public verdict on the question. It is a sign of weakness rather than of greatness in a statesman, of senility rather than of strength, to protest against the logic of events or the verdict of the public which requires him to give way to younger men with a clearer vision and firmer grasp of affairs. In the case of Mr. Sherman the public saw that the time had come when he should he retired from the secretaryship of state before any decided step was taken by the President in that direction. Perhaps if he had remained in the Senate his familiarity with the duties of that position would have enabled him to serve the country satisfactorily for some time longer, but as secretary of state it became evident that if his powers were not failing, at least he was not suited to the position. He talked too much, gave away state secrets, was sometimes gushing and sometimes almost truculent, and showed a singular lack of diplomacy. The President did not retire him any too soon. His retention during the war would have been not only very embarrassing to the administration but dangerous to public interests. The contrast afforded by his successor's management of the State Department, his reticence, tact and diplomacy, the skill ard firmness with which he handled delicate questions emphasized Mr. Sherman's deficiencies and the timeliness of the change. Everybody sees this now except the ex-secretary himself, who, now that he is out of office, seems more determined than ever to be in evidence. From his present point of view everything has gone wrong since he ceased to be a member of the Cabinet. The war was a blunder that could and should have been avoided, and its management was the worst blunder of all. He reproaches Congress for having interrupted the progress of peaceful negotiations with Spain and censures the administration for mismanagement of a war which he thinks should have been avoided. In short, Mr. Sherman is in danger of degenerating into a common scold. He is getting out of touch with the live, progressive part of the American people and in line with the chronic kickers. The people do not regret the war, and no respectable portion of them condemn its management. If Mr. Sherman, tary of state, was trying to patch up a truce with Spain it is another reason for his retirement. A retired statesman should try and keep in line with the march of progress even if he cannot keep up with it. He should face in the right direction, and if he does not move, mark time. Mr. Sherman should stop talking, furnishing texts Democratic editorials, and try and grow old gracefully. AN ABSURD AND VICIOUS LAW. An approximate estimate of the prize money growing out of the recent war indicates that Admiral Dewey will receive about $9,000 as his share, and Admiral Sampson about $40,000. The amount coming to Admiral Schley is not stated, but as the subordinate commander of a division of the fleet it will be considerably less than either of the others. Nothing could better illustrate the absurdity and injustice of the whole prize law system than these figures. It is said that more than half of the above amounts will be paid in accordance with that section of the prize law providing for the payment of a bounty “for each person on board any ship or vesel of war belonging to an enemy at the commencement of an engagement, which is sunk or otherwise destroyed in such engagement by any ship or vessel belonging to the United States, of SIOO if the enemy's ve-sel was of inferior force, and of S2OO if of equal or superior force, to be divided among the officers and crew.” This prize law was passed in the days of wooden ships, and its basis of distribution is as antiquated as everything else about it. The Spanish ships which were destroyed or sunk by our fleets were w’orth many millions of dollars, and each one of them was capable of doing far more damage than a dozen of the old wooden ships, but the law does not take that into account. It adopts as the basis of payment the number of persons on board the ship sunk or destroyed at the beginning of the engagement and allows head money on each one. If 20 per cent, of the enemy were killed in action, 60 per cent, drowned and the rest captured the bounty money is paid on all alike, alive or dead.. If the ships had been captured instead of sunk or destroyed prize money would have been awarded on the value of the ships without reference to the number of men on board. But the injustice of the law is more apparent in its principle than in its details. It is a vicious principle that perpetuates in legislation a doctrine that had its origin in the days of piracy when nations sought to equalize the profits of privateering by conferring similar spoils on regular naval vessels. Looting, plundering and levying tribute for private gain have long since been discarded in the code of civilized nations for land forces, yet naval prize laws are founded on this very principle. They introduce into what should be a motive of unalloyed patriotism and discharge of duty an element of greed that is as much out of place as the clink of filthy lucre would be to the holiest of church sacraments. No person will begrudge the sums which are to be paid our naval heroes. On the contrary, all will wish thev were much larger. But it would be infinitely better and more honorable to the recipients as well as to the Nation if they were voted by Congress in recognition of distinguished services instead of being paid as biood money for enemies destroyed or captured at so much per head. The chemists who are entertaining themselves by analyzing all the varieties of drinking water in use and finding none free from dangerous microbes are not doing the temperance cause a service. Water, as every body knows, is the main reliance of the temperate, but If no water is safe then the most ardent advocate of the beverage furnished by nature will be forced to the use

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1898.

of beer in sheer self-protection. One of the greatest obstacles in the way of establishing temperance practices in Europe is the fact, or the belief, that the water is not pure and the consequent free use of wine. It will be well for the public not to take the chemical analyses too seriously. These he microbe-ridden days, and If one pays heed to all that he hears on the subject life may easily become a burden through the effort to escape the dangers on every side. The fear of deleterious germs lurking in the food and drink that is served daily may readily become a mania and the condition of the victim more pitiable than if he had boldly swallowed what was set before him, germs and all. It is wise to exercise reasonable care, but having done so the less the mind dwells upon possible risks and concealed dangers the better. In spite of the chemists’ warnings water is likely to remain a popular drink. The American volunteer army w ill do well to read up on the Khartum campaign. It will learn something to its advantage. Hardships were encountered compared to w’hich those of Cuba were mild. The heat was tropical; a desert wrbioh afforded absolutely nothing for the subsistence of man or beast was crossed; there was even no water except that carried by the men and by camels; the enemy was ferocious to a degree only known to fanatics in religion. There was loss of life and there were many wounded, but the British won, just as Americans won at Santiago, by sheer force of pluck and intelligence and steady nerves. And now that the tight is over it is not likely that Tommy Atkins will complain of the hardships he went through and those he is likely to pass through before he gets out of the dreary country. Tommy knows that war is war and not a downy bed of ease. Miss Clara Barton’s ability is shown in more ways than in directing the distribution of food and the oversight of Red Cross nurses. An immense sum of money must have been used by her in providing stores and transportation, and it has come from private contributors, but there has been little or no public solicitation. Miss Barton evidently knows where to apply for w-hat funds she needs, and some liberal contributions must have been placed to her credit. If this Egyptian campaign of John Bull’s had taken place last year all the papers of the United States would have seized the opportunity to say sarcastic things about land-grabbers. Somehow or other, though, this class of remark has suddenly lost point. A perennial subject for satire has been snatched away from us by Dewey et al. What do Indianapolis policemen do to earn their salaries, anyway? Mayor Taggart gives them to understand that they are not to enforce the saloon law nor to interfere with the gamblers. Is it by his wish or of their own negligence that they fail to enfoice the law of the street? If they had arrested a few’ of the drivers who make a close turn to the left in rounding a corner it would have had a wholesome efthe practice, and the terrible accident to Miss Foster would probably not have hapfect on the hundreds of others who follow pened. Every wheel rider will testify that it is only by the exercise of constant vigilance that they escape being run down by such drivers, and that these left-hand turns form the greatest risk incident to the use of the bicycle on city streets. The law of the road should be impartially enforced on all who use them—drivers of horses, scorchers, riders of wheels without lamps, every one whose negligence renders the thoroughfares unsafe for any person. The police do not do this, and it is time for citizens to know why. A railroad sixty miles long is being built In California, the majority of whose stockholders and all of w’hose directors are women. Women, too, have control of the building contracts. Mrs. Riker, president of the company, recently assured an inquisitive reporter that if the women are not experts in the business they knew’ more about materials than the board of directors of a certain other road in the same State did when they started out, and then she tells this story: “On a requisition sent in to that board one of the items was fish plates. A director gravely crossed it out with the remark: ‘We haven’t a directors’ car yet, so I guess the men can get along without fish plates.’ On the woman’s road it’s an understood thing that the fish plates will be of steel, not of china.” Really if women are going to fall into the way of talking lightly of men’s business qualifications, which they once regarded with such profound respect. where is the end to be? If man can’t be acknowledged superior in this one line, at least, where is he “at?” “Twinkle, Twinkle.” in Holland. Wilhelmina, Amsterdam, Shake the hand of Uncle Sam ’Mid the Delft windmills so high Like big scare-scrows in the sky. Now’ that war with Spain is done, Czar’s disarmament begun, All the w’orld can turn to you "When your coronation’s due. While the powers’ concert’s still. You exactly fill the bill. May you never wake to weep While the other Dutch folk sleep. The level-headed public, which never forgets to pray for the discomfiture of all blatherskites of the windy and seditious variety, will utter a hearty amen to the movement to court-martial the Rev. Mclntyre, the chaplain, who almost eclipsed the glory of the Oregon's part in the Santiago naval victory by his boastful and Immodest declarations afterward. The Bible says something about rich people entering heaven and a camel getting through a certain’ narrow aperture. Yet most of us would prefer Helen Gould s chances to those of the dromedary. The main trouble is that the veterans of the latest war had to quit fighting before all the fight was out of them. Time will remedy that condition. ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. Mr. Gladstone's ardent desire as a young man was to be allowed to take holy orders. There exists, according to the Rev, Harry Drew, an interesting and remarkable letter, written to his father when he w r as just leaving the university, in which he set forth a most urgent appeal and earnest desire to be allowed to become a clergyman. But his father was bent upon his entering Parliament, and, in obedience to his wish, the hope w’as abandoned. Mrs. Alice D. Le Plongeon. who with her husband has explored the hidden recesses of tropical Yucatar, where the relics of Maya civilization abound, says that ‘‘for pathological reasons a woman's chance of recovery from yellow fever is less good than a man's. Unless they are immunes, women nurses should keep away from Santiago until after October.” Mrs. I<e Plongeon speaks with authority, as she herself has had the yellow fever, and she thus warns officers' ‘wives not to go to Santiago. The wedding day of Miss Lillie Grove, of Motristown. N. J., and Howard Adreon. Instructor In a gymnasium, came around six months ago, but the groom did not. He turned up several weeks later and after explanations the day was fixed for last Thursday. Then he sent a telegram “unavoidably delayed.” which was read at the wedding feast, but the marriage finally took place Friday evening, though the groom was an hour late, and after the oeremony the gueete

did not know w’hether to felicitate Mrs. Adreon or not. “Shatter’s luck” is often spoken of in army circles. He was a farmer boy when he enlisted for the civil war and "had risen to first lieutenant at the close of hostilities. Then he applied for transfer to the regulars. His request was granted, but the clerk in the adjutant general's office wrote “lieutenant colonel,” instead of “lieutenant,” and the commission was signed by lAncoln with a big batch of others. Protest was made by men over whose heads Shafter had been promoted, but in the turmoil incident to the assassination the matter was dropped. Many years ago Rev. Jedediah Dewey, an ancestor of Admiral Dew’ey, was holding services in honor ofc tne victory at Bennington, and. as was right and proper, was giving Providence all the credit for the triumpn of the American arms. Ethan Alien, who was present, chafed under this neglect of his own part in the battle, and. rising in his pew in the very middle of the "long prayer,” as it is called, said: “Parson Dewey. Parson Dewy. Parson Dewey.” The clergyman stopped and opened his eyes. The intrepid Alien went on: “Please mention to the Lord about my being there.” Not daunted by the outrageous interruption, the holy man thundered: "Sit down, thou bold blasphemer, and listen to the word of God.” Probably ten people know of Miss Braddon, the most popular of the woman novelists of England, for one who has heard of her brother. Y'et Sir Edw’ard Braddon is a man of note, and has just celebrated his seventieth birthday while still in active service as premier of Tasmania. His health, however, is f tr from good, and it is possible ♦ hat he may resign. His career has been long and useful, if not brilliant. At the age of eighteen he went to India to take a commercial appointment. During the mutiny ha served with gallantry, and won admission to the Indian civil service, in which he attained high rank. After twenty years of service he retired to private life in Tasmania, but his neighbors insisted on sending him to Parliament, and since then he has remained in public life. He asked her if she loved him. She blushed, and answered “Yes.” “Am I the first,” he whispered, “Those sweet lips to caress?” “You are,” she said: “believe me!” She blushed just as before; “For I was in the mountains When Hobson reached the shore.” Baltimore American. The Dervishes are howling on the Nile. They are scampering across the burning plains: They are giving small attention unto style. And most of them are full of shooting pains. The old Khalifa's going like the wind, And beads of sweat are dripping from the euss: The members of the harem they are hurrying on behind And yelling at him: “Pa, you wait for us!” —Cleveland Leader. A WAK-TIMK LUXURY. The Despised Hardtack Is the Mainstay and Solace of the Army. Detroit Free Press. While some of the “old boys” were talking over the stirring times when tney played so prominent a part, the colonel took a hand, with hardtack as bis subject: “1 never saw a company of volunteers go out yet.” he said, “that they did not kick good and plenty against the army cracker. It was so when I was a lieutenant with a lot of raw’ recruits. There was next thing to a mutiny. They vowed that hardtack had less taste than air. water, sponge or cork. They designated it as solidified nothing brittled in a desert heat. The government was inveighed against as the worst kind of a provider and the growlers would punish each other by telling whal good things they used to get at home. T have heard a groan from a hundred throats w’hen some fellow would yell ‘pie’ just as a taunt and self-relief. , “On the first expedition intrusted to the hoys I managed to have bread issued for them, and they were tickled beyond expression. Before the end of the second day the bread W’as sour. The next day it was far worse, and simply defied' anything better than a starving appetite. Before we got back to camp they were fairly crying for hardtack as children do for gingerbread when on a picnic excursion. Later we had a worse and more convincing experience. Our army was making a forced march, and ran out of regular rations. Flour was issued instead of the crackers. Occasionally orders to advance came before we had time to prepare any sort of bread, and away w’e’d go carrying our allowance of flour. When caught in a rainstorm the flour w’ould he changed to paste, and when we tried to cook it in this form it was about as digestible as grape and canister. We had halfbaked dough that would send an alligator to the hospital, flapjacks that reached the stomach with a dull thud and rolls that justified their name only in the subsequent effect produced upon tne eater. When we struck a point where hardtack could be issued the boys cheered as lustily as though they had won a hard battle. “We men who have been through it know that this same despised hardtack is the mainstay and comes to he the solace of the army. It is as good cold as hot. Three years make no more impression upon it ihan do three days. Tt is as good wet as dry, if not better, if crumbled till you have to eat it with a spoon or by the handful it is just as palatable as when it is intact. The man that invented hardtack did a whole lot to fight the battles of the world.” A Western Army Post. Correspondence Washington Times. Fort Riley in its dismantled state Is typical of all inland posts at the present time. The artillery quarters are every one deserted. Officers’ wives and children have gone home to sojourn with relatives, or to be as near the regiment as possible. The dying cottonwood trees, the dead vines on the porches and the withered grass, with its coat of fallen leaves, all attest to the fact that other and more momentous duties are occupying their former care-takers. Not a vestige of the former life and excitement is visible. In the whole post there are only four families. They are those of Chaplain Barry, Captains Lewis and Carlton and Lieutenant Cusiok. It is needless to say that social affairs are very select. The social leaders nf New York would doubtless envy the Fort Riley hostess her ability to draw’ the line even below the famous "seventy-five.” Since June 24 the post has been commanded by Lieutenant Ousick. There are fortythree private soldiers in the fort at present, fifteen having been enlisted since Lieutenant Cusiek’s arrival from Leavenworth. With so few men it is necessary to detail nearly all for guard duty, and each man Is obliged to do the work of many. Even when this is done there is much that must be left undone. Lieutenant Cusick confessed that he had been greatly disappointed at not being sent with his regiment, hut he added with a more than satisfied look. “I am bettor off than they are. after all. for my regiment got no further than Alabama.” Strange as it may seem, the rendezvous for the few soldiprs who are left at Fort Riley ts the guardhouse. To this unhallowed place the arrangements for the soldiers' mess have been transferred, and here,* where doubtless some of them find gruesome memories, they eat their three meals a day. The cook is a prisoner—locked up for theft. On the porch in front of the guardhouse several very disconsolate looking privates assemble each day and wait the chief events of each tw’enty-four hours—breakfast, dinner and supper. Nothing else occurs to break the monotony. The cavalry administration building, the sutler’s store, the guardhouse and the few ouarters that are occupied are the only buildings not closed up most effectually. Apparatus for cooking is built on such a large scale in the mess hall that the expense of running it has been cut off. There is no need for a riding hall or stables when there are no horses: and teng'mless barracks are very naturally closed. In the sutler’s store the state of things at the fort was very forcibly evidenced in the fact that there was nothing to drink but ice water.” No Pnrnile*. Philadelphia North American. With a hoggishness seldom equaled and never excelled, but wholly characteristic, some of the yellow’ literature people of New York have been planning a big parade of returning volunteer regiments on Broadway. These regiments, if the yellow journals are to be believed, are nearly all dead or in the hospital, while the miserable remnants are in a starved condition. We should he glad to have some of these hystericals tell how there can be a parade of men in that condition. Happily the men who really led these troops are men of hard common sense. General Wheeler and Colonel Roosevelt promptly refused to permit any exposure of the soldiers to the ordeal of a march up Broadway, which, by the way. would try them as severely as any of the miiitarv operations before Santiago and in Porto Rico. Army Methods. Brooklyn E^agle. General Sternberg says that the great trouble in the late war was the scarcity of army surgeons, for which he is not responsible. He says that not one of the volunteer surgeons had any knowledge of army methods. Thank goodness for that! It is the surgeons who abode by army methods who seem to have been the most useless. For confirmation of Hue, look at the camps.

NEXT PAPAL CONCLAVE the EI,tXTIO\ WIIX IIK COVERXED nv XEW RI LES AJiD REGI LATIOXS, ♦- Which Have Been Prepared nnd Adopted with n View to Averting Italian or Foreign Interference. New York Tribune. That the long reign of I.eo XIII is now rapidly drawing to a close is manifest not only from the alarming dispatches concerning the condition of his health, hut likewise from the orders which have been issued to the various envoys accredited to the Vatican to interrupt their vacations and to return at once to their posts. In Rome as well as ih all the capitals of continental Europe the question of the successorship to the tiara is being discussed, and the conclave which will determine this problem forms at the present moment quite as engrossing a subject of delicate negotiation and intrigue in the capitals of the old world as the future disposition of the Philippine islands and the partition of China. The next Papal election bids fair to prove unlike any of those which have been held since the reign of Alexander 111. who in tlie year 1119 first vested the selection of tne Supreme Pontiff exclusively in the College of Cardinals, the choice of the occupant of the chair of St. Peter having until that time constituted the joint prerogative of the clergy and the people of Rome. There are, moreover, several other reasons for the belief that the forthcoming conclave will prove of exceptional interest. For whereas on tlie one hand the Sacred College is resolved to resist all outside interference, whether on the part of the Italian government or any of the foreign powers, tnere is much to indicate that Germany, Austria and France propose to revive claims to the light of veto formerly possessed by certain old world powers, while the Italian government contemplates not only having a similar controlling voice in the Papal election, but is likewise talking openly of assuming control of the conclave as well as of the administration of the affairs of the Papacy during the interregnum, thus usurping the prerogatives and functions hitherto exercised by the cardinal grand chamberlain during the period, extending from a minimum of ten days to three months, that has until now' elapsed between the demise of one Pontiff and the proclamation of his successor. Indeed, the principal law officers of the Italian government contend that the provisional administration of the affairs of the Holy See during the interregnum belongs by right to the Italian crown, not only as the power intrusted with the protection of the Papacy and responsible for its safety, but likewise as having inherited from the former temporal government of the Papacy the functions of those civil officials of the Holy See who were intrusted with the organization and guardianship of the conclave by mediaeval Papal bulls. On these grounds it is asserted that the very moment the Pope breathes his last the Italian government is entitled to occupy the Vatican, to affix its seals to all the doors and receptacles of papers and property belonging to the dead Pontiff, and to organize any measures that it may see fit in order to assure the security and the liberty of the conclave. It is with the object of frustrating such designs as these on the part of with the Italian government and of the foreign powers that the election of the successor of Leo XIII will be conducted on lines entirely different from those which have governed the conclaves held during the last seven hundred years. The bulls of Gregory X, Gregory XV and Urban VIII bearing upon the forms to be observed in regard to Papal elections have been to a great extent modified by a bull issued a few weeks only before the death of Pius IX, the object of which was to shut out .all secular intluenee and intervention. Curiously enough, although this bull bears the signature of Pius IX It Is the work of Leo XIII. On the latter being appointed to the office of Cardinal Camerlingo. a few months prior to the demise of his predecessor, he was intrusted by Pio Nono to devise new rules and regulations destined to assure the independence of the conclave. These were approved by Plus IX and issued in the form of a bull; and although nothing is known beyond the wails of the Sacred College on the subject, yet there is every reason to believe that since his advent to the throne Leo XIII has rendered the regulations contained in the January, 1878, bull of Pius IX still more stringent and elaborate. NEW RULES FOR THE CONCLAVE. According to these new rules and regulations the cardinals present in Rome at the time of the demise of the Pontiff are to assemble as soon as ever he has breathed his last in order to determine where the conclave is to be held and its date. If there appears to them to be the least reason to apprehend interference, or even the exercise of undue influence either on the part of the Italian authorities or the foreign powers, they are authorized to proceed at once then and there to elect a Pope, without waiting for the arrival of any of the foreign cardinals friJPh abroad and without waiting either for the obsequies of the dead Pontiff or permitting the customary period of ten days to elapse after his demise before proceeding to organize a conclave. A quorum is to be regarded as formed by one-half ol the number of the living members of the Sacred College, plus one cardinal, and only the old and fundamental law is retained which determines that a majority, consisting of the votes of twothirds of the members of the conclave, is necessary to secure the legal election of a Pope. According to the new rules and regulations the cardinals are forbidden to put themselves into any relation or *o nold any communication with the Italian government during the interregnum. If the Italian government offers its services or support ta the Sacred College in writing the Cardinal Camerlingo is to ask the foreign envoys accredited to the Holy See to make known the inability of the Sacred College to have anything to do with a government not recognized by the deceased Pope. If similar offers are made by w'ord of mouth the same answer is to be given by the Cardinal Camerlingo in the presence of one of his colleagues to the representative of the Italian government. In the event of the Italian government or authorities attempting to intervene by force and to occupy the Vatican. to affix their seals or in any way to assume < ontrol < f the cone ave, the ca dlnals are directed to bar the gates and doers against the government, and if these are broken down to suspend the deliberations of the conclave and to transfer its sessions to another country. LIFE AND DEATH TO ITALY. Tt may be asked by the reader why there is any more danger of state interference in connection with the next conclave than there was twenty years ago. To this it may be replied that at the time of the death of Pius IX the Italian government was considerably .perturbed and disorganized owing to the demise a few weeks previously of King Victor Emmanuel. Moreover. Italy in those days stood alone. It did not form part of the triple alliance, or receive its backing, as well as its inspiration, from Berlin. Finally, the Radical and anti-Cleri-oa! clement was less predominant then than now, and both crown and state entertained hopes of a speedy reconciliation with the papacy, and of a repeal by the latter of the pontifical prohibition which keeps all the church-going, order-loving and conservative element in Italy, that is to say. some 60 per cent, of the entire parliamentary electorate, away from the polls—-just that element, in fact, which would form the nrlncipal bulwark of the royal throne against the ever’'ncrcasing peril of republicanism and revolution were the Vatican to withdraw its famous “Ne Elettore” decree, promulgated nearly thirty years ago by Pius TX. To-day, however, the Italian government finds itself in an entirely different position. Taking the pretext that the clergy were largely involved In the insurrectionary movement against the crown last spring, which resulted, in such sanguinary disturbances. it has announced Its resolve to have a Pope whose friendship is sufficiently assurred to the state to furnish a guarantee that the Vatican will he no longer the headquarters of the enemies of the Italian throne- and of the present Italian government. It is equally determined to have in the chair of £t. Peter and reigning at the Vatican no Pontiff w’hose political views with regard to the foreign powers are opposed to those of the Italian kingdom. That is-to say. it proposes to bar from the succession, if possible, any prelate whose sympathies are in favor of France rather than of Germany and Austria, who are Italy’s allies. Twenty years ago the so-cailed Riman question was far less acute than it is to-dav. There is no doubt that now it constitutes the gravest peril which confronts the Italian crown, for the new Pope will have It in his imwer by a single stroke of the pen to send to the polls the hitherto silent 60 per cent, of the parliamentary electorate which he controls to vote either as friends of the existing monarchy or as its foes. And if ths votes of this until now

unused 6n per cent, of the Italian electorate are added to those of the very large number of adversaries of the crown who are already engaged in Italian political life, then the throne of King Humbert may be considered as doomed and the sun of the house of Savoy to have reached its western horizon. In one word, the Italian dynasty and the Italian government are, to all intents and purposes at the mercy of the papacy. U is therefore a matter of life and death to them that the next Pope should be a friend and not a foe of the state. POWERS RESOLVED TO ACT. The Italian government, as stated, will be encouraged to act with decision in the matter by the knowledge that it has behind it Germany, and possibly Austria, neither of which was its ally at the time of the last papal election. At the moment of the death of Pius IX the late Prince Bismarck, speaking in his capacity as chancellor of the German empire in the Reichstag in Berlin, exclaimed: “We shall abstain from weighing on (sic) the papal election. But when the latter has been terminated, and the result is announced to us, we shall have to examine whether or not we will accept the result.” Apparently Germany was satisfied with the choice of Leo Xlli. But it may be safe to assume that had any prelate been selected who was antagonistic to Germany the latter would ha\e declined to recognize the election. It w'ould imply an ignorance of the character and policy of Emperor William to imagine for one moment that he had receded in any way from the position then taken up by his great chancellor. On the contrary, it is well known tiiat, instead of contenting himself with accepting or rejecting the result of the conclave after its conclusion, he has resolved to influence the election and to strain every nerve to prevent the choice of a Pope who might be inimical to Germany. For the most powerful party in the German Reichstag is tile Catholic party, which, by casting its vote "en bloc" for or against any measure submitted to the imperial Parliament. decides its fate. This Catholic party takes its orders from the Vatican, and should these commands be issued by a Pontiff opposed to German interests as understood by the Kaiser, parliamentary government at Berlin would become just as impossible as it is at Vienna. It is for this reason that the Kaiser has ordered Baron Von Buelow, his envoy to the court of the Vatican, as well as Cardinal Archbishop Kopp, to proceed in all haste to Rome in order to watch the course of events. Austria is equally interested in having on the throne of St. Peter a prelate who Is friendly rather than inimical to the triple alliance. For there is no empire in all Europe. save perhaps Spain and Portugal, where the Catholic episcopacy and clergy take so prominent a part, in political life as in Austro-Hungary. Indeed, many of the recent troubles at Vienna and at Pesth have been due to conflicts between the ecclesiastical element and the government, the clergy receiving its instructions through the papal nuncio. More than once, indeed, has Emperor Francis Joseph been obliged by his ministers to ask for the recall of a nuncio owing to the influence exercised by the latter at the expense of the administration of the day on the episcopacy and clergy of the dual empire. France, on the other hand, is interested in having a Pope who, if not a foe of the triple alliance, at any rate may be relied upon to be politically impartial. For it cannot be denied that* she has suffered considerably from the pronounced German sympathies of Leo XIII. thanks to which she has been virtually deprived of that protectorate of all Catholic churches and Catholic missions throughout the Orient which formerly constituted the principal source of her prestige nnd power in Asia, as well as in parts of the dark continent. FORMER PREROGATIVE OF VETO. We have, therefore, practically four powers, namely, Italy, Austria, Germany and France, each resolved to influence the forthcoming conclave to the extent of endeavoring either to revive the old-time right of veto or else to refuse to recognize the election of the new Pope. The privilege of veto, considering which much misconception prevails, has been definitely abolished by the Holy See, which is determined at all costs to prevent its revival. The veto, which consisted in the right of certain monarchical powers to imitate at the beginning of a conclave that they vetoed the selection of this or of that cardinal, subsisted by virtue of a pact, according to w hich certain Catholic states bound themselves to the defense of the church and of the Papacy, in return for which they received the privilege of veto, which was considered by the church as the ne plus ultra of the concessions that could be granted to friendly and protecting potentates. These states, however, no longer defend the church or Papacy, and the cessation of the whole combination of circumstances which justified so great a concession has therefore ensued. Its formal abolition may be considered to have officially taken place at the time of the last conclave, when Leo XIII, while still Cardinal Camerlingo. and as such charged with the administration of the Papacy during the interregnum, informed the representatives of the foreign Catholic powers that not only w’ould no veto be tolerated, but not even any effort be permitted that could be construed as tending toward persuasion or influence on the part of any state. The conclave which elected Pius VII was harassed and prolonged by Austria’s use of its right to veto, and Austria, too, had resolved to veto the election of Pius IX, the execution of its project being, however, frustrated by the delay in the arrival of Cardinal Gaysruck, who reached Rome only for the purpose of using the veto after the election had already taken place. In conclusion it is scarcely necessary to point out that neither Cardinal Gibbbons, nor any other cardinal of foreign birth, has tne remotest chance of election. In the flrat place, ther is a species of centuryOid tradition of the Holy See —a sort of unwritten law—that the Pope must be in Italian, and, aside from the prejudices of the Italian moiety of the Sacred College against a foreign Pope, it would be too much to expect the Italian government to submit to the presence at the Vatican, in the very center of the national capital, of a prelate of alien birth belonging to some nation that might or might not be a foe of Italy, and yet who. as Pontiff, would he able through the Italian clergy to control and influence the major portion of the Italiah electorate. Besides’this, the very fact that the conclave is almost certain to be held at once on the death of Leo XIII. perhaps around his deathbed, and before the Italian or any foreign pow'er is made aware of bis demise, and before any foreign members of the Sacred College, after being informed thereof, can reach Rome, will practically have the effect of restricting the scarlet robe electors to the Italian cardinals, aid to their four foreign colleagues resident in the Eternal City, who may be relied upon to choose only an Italian member of the Roman curia. The War Sonvonir C’rnxe New York Commercial Advertiser. The war souvenir craze has its unbeautiful side, and the patriotism of the man or woman who "collects” buttons and epaulets and capbands verges on the grasping enthusiasm of the men who search battlefields after an engagement and relieve the dead and wounded of any superfluous valuables. If the comparison is brutal so is the method employed by some of the war souvenir hunters. One maid confesses to bribing a darkey to cut buttons, buckles and hat bands off the soldiers’ clothes when those unfortunates were trusting in the people at Camp Black. Another sent a huge frosted cake to an officer in a regiment at Hempstead with her best wishes and a thiniy veiled request that the grateful warrior send her any little souvenirs of camp life that might lie lying around. The result of this blackmail was not exactly what the wiiv cake-maker had expected. One soldier donated his hat and into this the souvenirs of (amp life were placed. A handful of corn husks was labeled “feathers from a camp bed;" an iron spdon and a tin dipper were dubbed “crystal arid silver from the regiment mess,” and one wag put into the hat as his contribution a hit of brightlycolored stuff cut from sfome striped pyjamas and labeled it "a piece of the captain’s lingerie." The Hempstead girl did not send another cake. Another story is told of a pretty and apparently well-bred young woman who visited Canip Black with the wife and daughter of one of the officers. She w'as very much interested in everything she saw. and the soldiers took especial pains to point out all the interesting men and other features of camp life. When the visitors had gone to their trains the officer missed his sword and some of the silver from his dressing table. Another man found that a strip of lining had been cut from his coat, and a third went around the camp singing "Button, button; who's got my button?” before he could be convinced where they really had gone. The wrath of the officer was at boiling point, when his sword was returned, with a penitent letter, which caused a howl of indignation to go up from the other victims. The demure visiter had calmly stolen most of the things missed that day from Camp Black. She was not even an* amateur thief, the theft of the officer’s silver having been her first offense; but success and ambition made her bold, and she stole systematically all day long, and was only detected by the sword, which, stuffed into her parasol and successfully concealed from her unsuspecting friends for hours, cut through the silk and betrayed the trophy hunter to the officer's wife and daughter. His Own Fanlt. Philadelphia Times. If Colonel de Clam didn't want his name to be abused by the punsters he nhoukln't have got mixed up in this Dreyfus business right at the beginning of the bivalve eeason.

RAINY DAYS IN MANILA THE TERR IDLE TROPICAL DOW*. POl R IX THE PHILIPPIXE9. How Our Soldier* Make (nmfnrtnhln Red* of nnmhoo Strip*—The Soldier us a House Builder. Cavite ter in New York Run. By the v.id of the rainy season, in October, there will be nothing left of us with which to resume operations but our gun barrels, and they will be covered with rust. All the rest will be in solution. We’re saturated now. It beats all creation how it can rain out here. Rain is all right in its way. Some of it is a good thing. It keeps things gonerabiy reasonably clean and furnishes drinking water. But one steady, undisturbed. imperturbable, unceasing flow becomes tiresome after a while, and all the time it is wet. You don't mind an occasional soaking. It gives excuse for taking a drink. But one has something to do down here besides change his clothes and drink whisky. And wet feet bring fever. Windows and shutters clamped as close together as Span' ish rain-driven ingenuity can force them ’ep out some ol' the rain and all of the sodden air tiiat courtesy calls fresh because it moves. The mercury charges to the top of its glass case in the thermometer and disappears from view in the barometer. The wise men wag their beards and make remarks about the typoons. With body and soul burning tip with fever, and the cinchona band playing the Dead March from “Saul” in your ears, somehow you sort of lose focus. Things get out of perspective, and there is a lack of consistent continuity. You wabble a bit, and the rum you have drunk to help the quinine you have eaten is singularly ineffective for the desired purpose, but powerfully effective in the wrong way. KEEPING MEN OUT OF MISCHIEF. Over in camp they are enjoying themselves mightily—if one has no regard for truth. Uncle Sam’s nephew in the ranks is like the “bloomin’ cosmopolouse,” for his work "begins at gawd knows when an’ his work is never through.” And the rain hasn’t anything to do with it. He turns out at 4:45 in the morning and drills a fewr hours—poco mas, poco menos. unore or less) —in the rain. Then he gets his breakfast, seasoned with rainwater. After that he “leans up his rifle and coats It liberally with oil. against the soaking it will get in the n orning drill. Guard mount interrupts other things, and it he happens not to he on the guard detail, or the police detail, he gets a few r moments in his soggy shelter tent to consider the slate of the weather and to speculate on the subject of patriotism considered as a business. After morning drill he gets a chance to go out into the scrub with an ax and gather some thorn-spiked bamboo. This bamboo, tough, wiry and covered with briers as it is, Is the only genuine all-around infallible friends he has. As long as his ax and hia wit hold out the bamboo will do the rest. He cuts dowui a long pole, perhaps four inches in diameter, and trims off ail the little branches! and big thorns. Then he cuts it into four-foot lengths. One end be sharpens and in the other he cuts a goodsized notch. He drives four of these stakes a foot or more into the ground, one at each corner of his tent. The notches in the upper ends serve as cradles for the long bamboos lie lays across them as stringers for the house lie means to build. These stringers are just as long as his tent. The sticks that go with ihe shelter tent are not long enough now, so he cuts a couple of bamboos to serve as tent poles, one at each end. At the back of the lent he swings a bamboo girder between the two stringers, resting the ends in notches in the stringers and lushing them fust with tine strips of the surface of green bamboo, tougher, stouter and more p.iable than wire. His tent spreads at the bottom about seven feet, and lie has one chum to help him occuny it. Two feet and a half inside the front corner stake he drives another one on each side. These are notched on top also, and across tl.em he lays two other stringers, resting the rear ends in notches in the girder at the back. This gives the framework of two beds, each two and a-half feet wide and aa long as his tent. BED SPRINGS. Now he splits some bamboo poles Into thin strips, some just the length of his bed and others just tho width of it. The strips are perhaps an inch wide, and are trimmed down to about an eighth of an inch in thickness. His sharp little ax is his only tool. He weaves the short strips into the long ones, criss-cross, until he has a mat just the size of his bedstead. At two-foot Intervals along the frame he slips little bamboo slats in the bed stringers. Over these he lays his improvised springs, and he has a bed that is cool—comparatively, not even an ice machine Is really cool down here—and comfortable. Between the two beds there is a space about two feet wide w'here he can stand upright. At the rear end of the tent he swings another little woven mat about two feet wide between the beds, and there he has a little table, on which he can put the trinkets he wants to keep out of the w'et. Above it, on the rear tent pole, he straps a small piece of boafcT, secured somewhere, and sawed into shifpa for an arm-rack. There the tw T o guns re#fi in the intervals between drills and guard duty. Some pegs In the tent poles serve as hooks, and the house is fairly complete. There is space enough between the beds for the men to w r a!k into the :ent and for their feet when they want to sit on the beds and read or work. A frame on the rear pole, beside the arm-rack, holds a candle. But the ingenious soldier Is not through yet with his devices for comfort. His tent is only one thickness of canvas, and, although It will shed rain, it will not stand against the customary Philippine deluge. He builds a light frame of bamboo over it and covers the frame with a thatch of banana leaves. Or. perhaps, he uses the everfaithful bamboo. In front of the tent ho makes a similar awning. If the sun should shine by any chance, it would serve as a shade, but it’s chief work is in turning rain. Altogether the soldier has built himself a serviceable house. It keeps him fairly dry when he can stay m it. and his hed is off the ground. The tent makes the roof, and the thatch protects that. It is almost as good as a native hut. Housebuilding such as this is not done, of course, in one morning’s respite from routine work, or in an afternoon cither. It fills up the small chinks between army duty for a couple of days, and until it is finished the soldier lies on the ground and stands it as best he can. So far he has stood It well. There has been almost no sickness in camp. In barracks in Cavite there was a great deal, principally due to the fact that the men were so near the native village. They ate all sorts of fruit with as much avidity as if they never expected to see fruit of any kind again. And they drank whatever they could find in tho way of liquor, experimentally, and the results very often were disastrous. At first there was a good bit of sickness that was very much like dysentery. General Anderson says that there was no dysentery. The medical men shake their heads and say they do not think there was any dysentery. And there you are. Certainly there is none now, and there have been no deaths from it. in spite of the reports in Hong-Kong and Shanghai papers. The soldier’s housebuilding gets a welcome break at noon with "chow," and after that there is time for more of it. Then afternoon drill comes and more work on the wet rifl>■. and evening parade and supper and more rain, and then back to the tents again and oil up the rifles and crawl away from the edge of the tent, where the water soaks through. Ifoafiital Practice. New York Press. .An army doctor—l don’t know why they should be called surgeons every day in the week— said to me yesterday, apropos of the neglect of our troops: "A physician to be of use in camp should have hospital practice. It is one thing to visit patients from house to house, surrounded with all comforts and conveniences, and quite another to attend them in camp, surrounded with nothing. An ordinary doctor is helpless in the latter emergency. The average family physician is worse than useless in a field hospital. He gets rattled. He is under a fearful strain from the very start. If the army in t’uba had been furnished with a lot of thesa knock-down, drag-out fellows from Bellevue. where It is fun for them to saw and slash anybody that comes along, our boy* would have been splendidly “ared for. Discipline would have kept in check their savage instincts., and their services would have been thoroughly effective. Competent doctors In the field are rough, brave men. none of your namby-pamhyites. They caa bs tender when it is necessary.”