Indianapolis Journal, Volume 48, Number 246, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 September 1898 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 3, 1898. tyashiogton Office—lso3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Call*. Business Office 23* | Editorial Rooms W TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY BY MAIL. Dally only, one month t .70 Daily only, three months 2.00 Dally only, one year... 8.00 Daily, including Sunday, one year 10.C0 (Sunday only, one year... 2.00 WHEN FURNISHED BY AGENTB. Daily, per week, by carrier 15 eta Sunday, single copy 5 ets Dally and Sunday, per week, by carrier.... 20 cts WEEKLY. Per year SI.OO Reduced Rates to Clnha. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or Send subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Ind. Persons sending the Journal through the malls In the United States should put on an eight-page paper a ONE-CENT postage stamp; on a twelve or eixteen-page paper a TWO-CENT postage •tamp. Foreign postage is usually double these rates. AH communications Intended for publication In this paper must, In order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the writer. -■ . - . , , , .. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL. Can be found at the following places: NEW YORK—Astor House. CHICAGO—PaImer House. P. O. News Cos., 217 Dearborn street. Great Northern Hotel and Grand Pacific Hotel. CINCINNATF-J. R. Hawley ft Cos.. 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE—C. T. Deerlng, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. 6T. LOUlS—Union News Company, Union Depot. .WASHINGTON, D. C.—Riggs House, Ebbltt House and Willard's HAel. It may be observed that the people have very little interest in the so-called AlgerMiles controversy. The output of gold by the Cripple Creek '•nines for August was $l,400,00(F-the largest ©n record. But there are those who will take the statement as something of a personal affront. The returns of the Controller of the Currency show that individual deposits in banks have increased 14 per cent, during the past year. The largest percentage of gain has been in the West and South. The treasury authorities owe it to Ihe honest bidders for the war bonds to throw cut all the fraudulent bidders. It will be difficult to discover and identify them, but no doubt every effort will be made. The last political report from Chicago is that ex-Governor Altgeld controls the Democratic state committee, which has been claimed for Mayor Harrison. That means ©n out-and-out 16-to-l light in Illinois. The biblical assurance that “A prophet Is not without honor, save in his own country,” does not hold in President McKinley’s case. The people of Canton, his long-time residence, evidently delight to honor him, Irrespective of party.

Among other things which it would be Interesting to know is why half the regiments in an army corps got duck suits and the other half did not? Was it due to the partiality of corps quartermasters or to the inefficiency of officers nearer the men? The Democratic convention in Wisconsin •aid nothing about 16 to 1 in the platform, but Indorsed the Democratic principles laid down in the Chicago platform. This may mean that the convention did not Indorse the Populist heresies which that platform contained. The clamor about the neglect of soldiers laiscd by sensational newspapers and Dem©cratic managers may temporarily withdraw attention from the great questions relating to our policy in regard to Cuba and the Philippines, but it cannot check the onward movement of business prosperity. The general opinion is that it has come to stay, and It began with the defeat of 16 to 1 in November, 1886. If the final summing up does not show that the deaths by disease in the recent war outnumbered by or four to one those killed in action it wdll be an exception to most modern wars. In the Crimean war the English lost 4,602 men killed or died of wounds and 17,580 by sickness; the French 20,150 men killed and 75,375 by sickness; the Turks, 20,900 killed and 24,500 by eiekness; the Russians, 72,600 killed and •74,000 by sickness. The press, or at least a portion of it, is largely responsible for the popular clamor regarding the alleged mismanagement and neglect of the army. Special correspondents and reporters anxious to send sensational matter have magnified ordinary incidents ©f war or camp life into barbarities and ©utrages, and partisan editors have used the material for political effect until the truth became, for the time being, almost obscured. But it will come out on top as It always does. It looks a little as if Lieutenant Hobson had lost control of himself. Although the Navy Department, acting on the best information and advice obtainable, has decided to. abandon the attempt to raise the Cristobal Colon, the lieutenant is reported Bs saying that If the government did not back him up in the matter he would appeal to the people for a popular subscription or $500,000 to carry on the work. The hero of the Merrlmac had better not lock horns with the Navy Department. A New York business man who went to Santiago to establish a branch trust company says there is a general revival of confidence and business there. Residents of all classes are particularly well pleased with the policy adopted by the American authorities regarding local taxes and customs duties. Formerly a large percentage of these was sent to Spain. But under the new regime they are expended in cleaning •treets, establishing schools and other beneficent public purposes. The institution of •uch reforms as this generally throughout Cuba and Porto Rico must have a very favorable effect on people who have been accustomed to being taxed and robbed without getting anything in return. One of the officers of the returned regiment asserts in an interview that the troops were not supplied with fresh vegetables, giving the impression that it is usual to supply troops with all that the truck gardens can produce. It is probable that it has been the purpose of the commissary department to furnish vegetables more liberally than has ever before been thought of. If that bureau has failed the reason should be known. In this connection it may be observed that the Army of the Potomac did not see so much as an issue of potatoes from May 1, 1864, until September of that year. About Petersburg there was a scanty Issue of onions two or three times, and an occasional barrel of pickled onions fur-

nished by the Sanitary Commission. It can also be stated that Sherman’s army did not have an issue of fresh vegetables during the same period. The food of these two great fighting armies was hard bread, pork or bacon, coffee, -ugar, and one or two issues of fresh beef, cooked and eaten as soon as killed. There was no other than condensed milk at the field hospitals, and probably very little fresh milk at trte large hospitals at such places as City Point, Va., and Nashville, Tenn. It could not be obtained. It is safe to say that no regiment now in the service has been fed for two weeks on so meager rations as were the great fighting armies during the summer of 1864. THE PENALTY OF I In all the wild and senseless clamor regarding the alleged mismanagement of the war there has not been a word of complaint from or charges against the navy. From the destruction of the Spanish fleet at Manila by Admiral Dewey to that of Cervera’s fleet at Santiago by Admirals Sampson and Schley the action of the navy was a series of uninterrupted successes reflecting the greatest possible honor on itself and the Nation. But for the navy the war would still be going on with the odds against us. Imagine.if possible,the Manila fleet and Cervera’s fleet still afloat and our own unable to cope with them, the great victories of the war still unrecorded and our land forces either battling with the Spanish army and disease in Cuba or spending the summer in unhealthy Southern camps till such time as they could safely go to the seat of war. That would be the situation to-day but for the splendid victories achieved by the navy. General Shafter’s army could not have been landed in Cuba without the co-operation of the navy, and even if it had landed it could not have captured Santiago without the previous destruction of Cervera’s fleet. In short, but for our naval victories, Instead of negotiating for peace on our own terms, we should now be just fairly embarked in the war. And these naval victories have been achieved under the same general management and the same difficulties as those of the army. The same President and the same board of strategy directed the operations of both. The navy operated in a tropical climate and a sickly season as well the army, Admiral Dewey being much further from a base of supplies than any part of the army. The fleets in both hemispheres had to be supplied with food, medicines and medical service, and up to the present time there has not been a word of complaint from any person in regard to rations or hospital service. In fact, although both fleets spent the whole summer in a tropical climate there was no sickness worth mentioning in either, while the whole country is ringing with charges of incompetence and neglect in the management of the small army which captured Santiago and the much larger one which, greatly to its disappointment, was not able to see any active service.

How are we to account for this difference between the navy and the army? Why is it that the navy, operating in a tropical climate, achieved such magnificent results and practically ended the war, with the loss of only two or three men and no sickness v/orth mentioning, without a single complaint as to food supplies or medical service, while the army presents such different conditions? It can only be accounted for by the fact that the rank and file of the navy were largely men who werd trained to the business, while those of the army were largely new to it. The navy was mainly composed of regulars, and the army, at least the part of it that has furnished grounds for complaint, of volunteers. It was our regular navy that did all the naval fighting of the war, as our regular army did most of that on land. The volunteers were willing to fight, but they were not ready. The ships that sunk the Spanish fleets at Manila and Santiago and that did all the naval fighting of the war were officered by men who not only knew how to tight, but how to take care of themselves, live well on government rations and preserve their health in tropical climates. If they had been officered and manned by raw recruits, no matter how brave and patriotic, untrained in naval matters, can anybody believe thfc Spanish fleets would be lying at the bottom of the ocean to-day? Imagine placing a war ship like the Oregon or the Texas in command of a brave and patriotic captain fresh from a law office or a counting room with a crew of volurteers from farms, shops and schools. Instead of sinking the Spanish fleets they would have been sunk themselves and there would have been a terrible outcry about the mismanagement of the navy. Yet the fault would not have been in the men, but in the system. The lesson is that in time of peace we must prepare for war. It is training that makes the soldier, and “soldiers” means not merely privates but officers of the company, field, brigade, staff—all. If we had had at the beginning of the war an adequate army of trained soldiers, trained officers, trained commissaries, trained quartermasters and trained men to direct them, all men who understood their business, and who knew that war was no holiday affair, the country w r ould have been spared the present humiliating clamor. It Is one of the penalties of unpreparedness for wax*. EXPOSURE OF WHOLESALE LYING. The statistics of mortality in the army which the Chicago Tribune has collected make the aggregate of deaths 1,284. It states that the aggregate, if all the deaths could be obtained, would reach 3,000. As 350 were killed in battle or died of wounds on the basis of the Tribune’s estimate 1,650 have died of disease. Considering that over 200,000 men have been in camps, a total loss by disease of 2,000 would have been but one man to each one hundred, or about one man to a company. The loss of the eight Indiana regiments, with an aggregate of 7,415 men, which served one hundred days, v.as 132 by disease, or nearly two men to each one hundred enrolled. The four six months’ regiments (the Persimmon brigade) lost 320 men by disease out of a total enrollment of 4,082, or at the rate of 7.56 men to each one hundred enrolled. The mortality of all the short-term regiments in the war for the Union which went out of the States in which they were raised and wei*e not in battle was greater than the loss by disease of all the regiments in the present service prior to muster out None of these short-term regiments of 1861-60 were exposed to yellow fever or to the privations incident to long sea voyages, and yet their losses by disease were in the aggregate to each one hundred men greater than those of all the troops mustered into the service during the present war. It has been reported in the northern part of the State that 70 per cent, of Colonel Studebaker’s regiment were sick, and that the men were “dying like sheep,” whatever that may mean. Colonel Studebaker’s regiment has had by far the severest experience of any of the Indiana regiments. It

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1898.

has been in Florida since early in June, under extremely trying conditions. When it arrived here yesterday its loss by death had been fourteen men—a fraction over one to a company. It had twenty-four men so ill as to be sent to the City Hospital and ninety-three men on the sick list, all of whom went to camp, not being seriously ill. This means that less than 10 per cent, of the men in the regiment were unfit for ordinary camp duty. The men who marched through the* streets- with the careless steadiness of veterans were browned by exposure. but there were was no indication of general feebleness in their movement. The much portrayed skull and cross-bones of the sensational newspapers could not be seen hovering about the column as it marched. Considering the exposure in a tropical climate, the wonder is that so few men are on the temporary sick list. Indeed, such a journey as the regiment has %iad would unfit many men for marching while carrying the equipment of a soldier. It may be added that if 1,300 men had been put in camps and had been at work in th sun the past month in Indiana, ten in every hundred now be unfit for labor. The truth is, and sensible people must begin to realize it, a great deal of phenomenal lying has been done regarding the condition of the troops. There have been crowded camps, some incapacity and ignorance, causing privation and illness, but when comparison is made with other wars it will be found that as a whole the loss of life by disease has been light. The condition of Colonel exposes the wickedness of stories of general disability and devastation by death. A telegram to the Chicago Record from Cleveland, 0., contains the following statement: President McKinley is profoundly concerned over the army scandals. He has the situation in hand and will act probably soon after his retur.i to Washington from his visit to the Montauk camp, provided there has been no reaction in the attitude of the press and public resulting from a belief that the stories of abuses have been overdrawn. The foregoing statement, the telegram further states, was made by a man who has talked with the President and his advisers while he was in that city. The men who are the real friends of the President and all those who have nothing to fear from an investigation must see that such a course is the one which he should pui’sue, instead of leaving it to Congress. It is not a matter that affects the secretary of war and General Miles, but one relating to the general conduct of the war, and the responsibility for whatever neglect and irregularity there is alleged to have existed. It has been asserted that the President has depended largely upon the views of a large number of papers which have sustained him in his war policy as indicating the conservative opinion of the country. It can now be said that all these papers are advising an investigation of the reports which are now attracting so much attention. Many veterans of the civil w r ar are able to recall experiences much harder than any the volunteers In the late war underwent. ”1 remember,” says Governor Tanner, oft Illinois, “that 25 per cent, of my company died of disease in the first three months we were out.” Another veteran writes: - x The writer has a vivid recollection of being sent to a hospital in August, 1861. and lying twenty-four hours with a raging fever before a surgeon put in an appearance, and on another occasion, of marching barefooted, with five hundred other soldiers, from lvnox\ille, Tenn., to Bridgeport, Ala, during the last two weeks of- December, 1863. The ground froze every night, and our subsistence was mainly corn on the ear, which we had to eat raw, or roast as we had opportunity to do so. An ex-paymaster living in this city says: "I have seen Union soldiers on the march fill their canteens with water from surface ponds in which dead mules were lying, and from wagon ruts in the road, and glad to get it.” If the late war had lasted two or three years the minor hardships incidental to the seasoning period would have been forgotten in the greater ones of prolonged warfare and these, in turn, would have been partially obliterated by the excitement of action and victory.

BUBBLES IN THE AIR. Contradictory. “Brethexen and sisters,” said tjie good old brother in the prayer meeting. “I always was humble and never had any sinful pride, and I’m mighty proud of iti” Illusions. “My illusions," said she, “are all gone.” “Why,” he asked, with that brutality only manifested by a man who has promised to love and cherish, “don’t you go to the drug store and get some more?” The Genesis of a Nome. The Unsophisticated One—Why do they call thig drink a “pick-me-up?” The Experienced One—Because, if you take enough of it, the policeman will have to pick you up and send you home. The Cheerful Idiot. “Though soldiers are paid by the month,” said the Cheerful Idiot, and paused. “Well, what?” asked the transient boarder. “The commission will be paid for peace work.” Mayor Taggart, in speaking of The Farm, a gambling hell and Sunday theater across the road from the entrance of the fair grounds, says in the evening trumpet of his administration: Regardless of the fact that county authorities fall to do their duty, the city police will take the responsibility of stopping the violations of law at this place at once. The gambling games at this resort have been running for months, and the police officials have said that though they knew of it they had no orders to “regulate” the place. Last Monday morning the Journal printed a description of The Farm. The other newspapers took the matter up, and Mayor Taggart, in order to escape the condemnation of the respectable people, has attempted, through the News, to throw the responsibility on to the shoulders of Sheriff Shufelton. The above expression contains more cant than any that has Issued from the basement of the courthouse for some time. The present and continued disagreeable wrangle among military officers proves nothing except that we are too apt to make false estimates of men. That & man is a hero when' the demand for heroism is at hand lacks much of indloating that he will be heroic when there is no longer a demand for signal bravery. Heroism is an Intense condition of mind and aoul that, like all other Intense emotions, cannot last. In case another war should at once threaten and demand their services, the men who do not now seem to be able to make satisfactory division of the honors—of which there are legion—would again become patriots and heroes and the present strife would pass as the swamp fog before the wind and sun of morning. Among those who are glad to see the soldiers back again, the mothers must be given first place, as of old. Hurrying the dissatisfied troops home is something extensive on the line of “rushing the growler.” However, it must be taken for granted tbnt in a few months the boys

will repent that they grumbled. They are not to be blamed. They did their duty, and It can be depended upon that the man who is doing the kicking is no* one who ran away from his post. Cleveland papers record the sudden death of Hon. Charles C. Burnett, a prominent citizen of that place, who formerly lived at Vincennes, Ind., where he enlisted in the army at the beginning of the civil war. At Cleveland he became prominent in politics and business affairs and was highly respected. SOCIAL SCIENCE SOCIETY. Saratoga Convention Adjourn* After Regular Annual Election. SARATOGA. N. Y., Sept. 2.—The American Social Science Association this noon concluded its Saratoga general annual meeting. The following officers were elected: President, Simeon E. Baldwin, of New Haven, Conn.; first vice president, F. J. Kingsbury, of Waterbury. Conn.; vice presidents, Francis Wayland of New Haven, Daniel C. Gilman of Baltimore, William T. Harris of Washington, Carroll D. Wright of Washington, Lucy Hall Brown of Brooklyn, Chas. A. Peabody of New York, Mrs. St. Clair McKelway of Brooklyn, George L. Raymond of Princeton, N. J., H. L. Wayland of Philadelphia, Andrew Dickson- White of Berlin, Germany, Grace Peckham Murray and Dorman B. Eatpn of New York, K. Holbrook Curtis of New York, John Eaton of Washington, James B. Angell of Ann Arbor, Josiah Quincy of Boston, Francis G. Peabody of Cambridge; general secretary, Frederick Stanley Root, of New York; treasurer, W. C. Legendre, of New York; directors, T. M. North of New York, Edward T. Potter of Newport, Eugene Smith of New York, Oscar B. Straus of New York, William A. Giles of Chicago, Seymour Bexter of Elmira, H. Avery of Auburn, St. Clair McKelway of Brooklyn, J. L. Green of Hartford, W. M. F. Round of New York. Departmental chairmen—Education, Joseph Anderson, of Waterbury; health, William H. Daly, of Pittsburg; finance, J. W. Jencke, of Ithaca; social economy, F. B. Sanborn, of Concord; jurisprudence, Francis W r ayland, of New Haven. This morning Dr. Elmer Lee, of New York city, read a paper entitled. “A- Study of the Habits of Life and Constitution Leading to Apoplexy.’’ He was followed by Dr. W T . J. Holland, chancellor of Western University, Pittsburg, who spoke at length on the “Purification of Municipal Water Supplies by Filtration.” THE IRRIGATION CONGRESS. Report of Col. Mawon on Congressional Legislation. CHEYENNE. Wyo., Sept. 2.—At the national irrigation congress to-day there was an increased attendance, a number of additional delegates from Colorado. Montana, Wyoming and Kansas having arrived. The report of Col. H. B. Maxson, member of the committee appointed by the Lincoln congress to go to Washington, was the first order. Colonel Maxson’s report was important, in that the committee had succeeded in framing a bill which secured the united support of the House oommittee on arid lands, this bill providing that States taking advantage of the Carey law shall have ten years from the date of final segregation to reclaim. Both Congressmen Shafroth and Jenkins waved the right to push their individual bills in support of the committee bill, but since the war with Spain the whole matter has lain in abeyance. The report was applauded, and the committee received the thanks of the congress. E. S. Nettleton, of Colorado, read a very interesting paper on “The Successes and Failures 'ln Canal Building.” He said that in IS9B Colorado had one million and a half acres irrigated, a value of $22,000,000. The value of the land of Colorado before irrigation enterprises were begun, estimated at the double minimum rate, was $17,000,000. Their present value under irrigation is $87,000,000, an increase of 512 per cent.

A CUBAN BUCCANEER. Jamaica Schooners Reported Being Chased Near Cape Cruz. KINGSTON, Jamaica, Sept. 2. —Since the withdrawal of the American fleet several Jamaica schooners that have a casual trade v r ith Cuban ports have reported being chased along the coast of Cuba by a mysterious schooner. The captain of the schooner Carmita and Dr. Gobino, a passenger on the vessel, now report that she was chased between Cape Cruz and Nlquero, on the Gulf of Guanayro, by a schooner with rifles. The Carmita, having arms, returned the tire, repelling the attack. The Jamaican government, it is reported, will make representations as to the incident to the United States government through the British Colonial Office. The Gleaner to-day publishes a symposium of the views of the leading merchants and other public men here on the question of solving the annexation movement by exchanging the British West Indies for the Philippine islands, according to the proposal of Mr. Andrew Carnegie. Opinions on the subject are almost balanced, with an adverse tendency. The Gleaner further suggests that Mr. Carnegie solve the problem by purchasing Jamaica, and thus practically illustrate his “Triumphant Democracy.” GENERAL CLAY’S DIVORCE. The Child Wife's Answer Admits the Charge of Desertion. RICHMOND, Ky., Sept. 2.—The petition for divorce filed by Cassius M. Clay, to secure a legal separation from his girl wife, Dora Richardson Clay, recites that “the plaintiff has treated the defendant in all respects as a dutiful and faithful husband shoull .-aid that he has fully met and discharged all the covenants of said mairiage contract, but that the defendant did. without fault on the part of the plaintiff, abandon him on July 3, 1897, and has since lived separate and apart from him.” General Clay prays for a divorce and asks that the defendant be restored to her maiden name and given all proper relief, to provide a liberal alimony. The defendant’s answer admits all the charges. Gen. Clay says that the girl shall never want so long as he lives. YELLOW JACK’S SURPRISE. Breaks (Hit in a Heretofore Unsuspected and Rural District. WASHINGTON, Sept. 2.—The Marine Hospital Service was officially advised today of the ten new cases of yellow fever which have been discovered at Orwood, Miss. The officials are at sea as to the origin of the fever there and have no definite theories to work upon. They are endeavoring to trace the cases. There is a possibility that the victims brought the germs in their clothes to Orwood from some point heretofore Infected, but the nearest one is Durrant, where the epidemic touched last year, and even on this theory the warm weather should have brought out the fever. Orwood is far from a railroad, and the fever therefore might not have been brought by that means. A thorough investigation is to be made. There is no disquieting news from any other points save Orwood. FRANKLIN WELD DROWNED. Railroad Piealdent Loses His Life While Boating at St. Johns. NEW YORK. Sept. 2.—A special from Boston to the Commercial Advertiser says: A private dispatch from St. Johns, N. 8., says that a man drowned near there early in the week while boating, and who was supposed to be Frank T. Allen, of New York city, was not Allen, but Franklin Weld, formerly a well-known resident of New York, and president of a number of Western railroads. It is said that Weld was a director in several New York banks. Jle had been in poor health, and was traveling in Canada to x*ecuperate. He assumed the name of Allen so as to avoid prominent railroad officials who were traveling in Canada at the same time. The body was identified by E. 8. Griffin, of New York, Mr. Weld'* attorney,

SHAFTER NEARLY FELL WAS AMAZED WHEN TORAL OFFERED HIS BIG SURRENDER. Th* Santiago General Recounts the Story of His Campaign-Heat Worse than Yellow Fever. _e NEW YORK, Sept. 2.—The World prints an interview with General Shafter, in which he is represented as saying: “At Santiago we had to d*.sal with things as they are, not as they should be. Os course, there was sickness. It was Inevitable in a summer campaign, but nobody was neglected. The doctors were scarce at first, but we had boatloads of them as soon as they could get there. The doctors got sick, like the rest. They were overworked and exhausted. But their ability is unquestionable. Look at the low percentage of deaths from wounds. It never was lower in any war. Why, in the civil war, I lay on the battlefield myself until the maggots developed in my wounds, and that was near-by, not down in a malarious, subtropical country, far away. "The men who ordered a summer campaign in a fever-infected country are responsible for the natural and unavoidable consequences. Nose of our wounded men was allowed, to lie on the battlefield as I was in the civil war. Nothing of the kind happened. It was the heat that was so deadly, and the rains. Torrid heat showers would fall that w'ould drench everybody, without cooling the air. In a few minutes, under the sun again, every man would be steaming. Men of the strongest type succumbed. “Our first case of yellow fever developed at El Caney. But the army was ripe for it, and it spread like a prairie fire. Many a man had yellow fever who never will know it. And, to tell the truth, It is not so dangerous as the heat attacks that unacclimated men have in the malarious regions of Cuba. Why, it is a common thing for a man’s temperature to risd from a normal state to 105 in a few hours. That means death in most cases. “It can give cards and spades to yellow fever in the game of death. I would rather have yellow fever. I tell you w r hen a man burns up inside there is little hope for him. CAUSE OF SICKNESS. “Our men were all unacclimated, and had never before faced such constant heat. Many of them had never slept outdoors before they went into camp. How could they be molded into proper material for such a climate and such a campaign? It could not be done. These men you see coming back with the thin bodies and the yellow faces are suffering the parasite of the low fever of the Santiago plateaus. “The cool air and good home care will cure them. That malady seems to destroy the red corpuscles in the blood. The veins are filled with water. There’s a man on the dock suffering just that way. Take a good look at him. If he were pale you would say he was in the last stages of tuberculosis. But he is as yellow as his uniform. Very well; he has it. He is weak and will require care; but good air, a decent climate, will make him well again. He has had the fever three weeks. He does not know how narrow has been his escape from death. Wait till October, or better still, the first frost. They will be all right when they get wholesome, nutritious food. “We had to choose the lesser of two evils —to ship the men North to a healthy climate, not wanting to keep them where they must die. We at the front did not want to let the fever have its run. We wanted to save life. Now, the problem was to save the most lives possible. We never had a foreign war since 1812-14. The United States has no hospital ships. It was not a question cf using what was best, but what we had. We used the transports that brought the troops down. "If I could have had a few weks to equip hospital ships the conditions would have been better. If the war had continued we would have stayed right there, fever or no fever. The sudden end of the war was unexpected. We were not prepared for the unexpected. I made it an invariable rule to send home 25 per cent, less men on a transport than she brought south. That was a fair view to take. “I am satisfied with the Santiago campaign. When it is fully understood, with all its difficulties, it will receive a just place in military history. We were hurried to Cuba. We landed and could not have got our stores back on board ship if we had waited to. When the invasion was planned it was obvious that it must be a rush. Such it was.

“And it was a success—complete and unequivocal. Many things were done, it is true, that were forced upon us by the exigencies of the hour; but the means employed, even under such stress, proved to be wisely chosen. I was compelled to do a great many things that under- different conditions would not have been considered. SIZED UP THE SPANIARD. “I sized up the Spaniards correctly. For example, at San Juan I was sure they would not come out from their works and attack us. The El Caney fight, I hoped, would be finished at 10 o’clock, but it took until 5 o'clock, and I rather feel now that it was for the best. Had I had Lawson on the right of the lino we should have undoubtedly taken the city of Santiago that night, in which case only the garrison then there would have surrendered to us. Whereas, later all the troops in the region surrounding were included. Those outside of Santiago on July 2 could have gone to join General Prndo. I knew that the war was over as soon as Toral spoke to me about surrendering the troops in the eastern province. 1 almost fell over. “We never had on the fighting line at any one time more than 13,000 men. And with these we captured 27.00&. Nine thousand Spaniards were fortified in the best intrenc.ied position I ever saw. Indeed, the intrenchments were of such a character that shelling with the guns we had did not do them any damage. Where a thirteen-inch shell from our ships dropped into a house in the town it demolished the dwelling; but all the occupants were gone.” “Did Cervera's men help in the San Juan fight?” was asked, to clear up a mooted point. "Yes, indeed. He had one thousand men ashore from his fleet in the battle of the Ist of July. His chief of staff, Busamente, was killed. His marines and sailors suffered severely. Cervera put them all back on board July 2, and on the 3d he tried to get to sea. “The Spaniards were down to their last hit of rice when they surrendered; but they chivalrously declined on the first day to accept rations offered them. They said that American charity humiliated them; but I noticed that they came around for the grub the second day.” “Why was your food supply short before San Juan?” ”1 had to act quickly, and shove my men right into the field, because I knew they were growing weaker and weaker every hour. We had plenty of rations unloaded at the shore, but there was only a single road, hub-deep in mud, over which they could be brought to the front, and if we had had a thousand army wagons we could not have got the provisions where they were needed. The pack trains saved us. They were invaluable." “What is the condition of Santiago today?” was asked. “It is in a fair state of health,” replied General Shafter. “Under the military governorship now In existence it will soon be cleaned and made thoroughly healthy. It is

a pretty town, but the surrounding country is in a state of wreck. You can't imagine the destitution of the Island of Cuba.” “What do you think of the Spanish hospitals?” “Those in Santiago are as good as any in the world. My surgeons tell me they Inspected them carefully, and never saw better sanitary arrangements. The chief hospital there will hold 2.000 patients comfortably, and during the investment of the city at one time held 3.000 men. The barracks are not so satisfactory, but they are being thoroughly overhauled by our troops. The city is growing quiet.” “Did you see any reconcentrados?” “Only a few. 1 fear that most of them are dead. But the death rate in Santiago has dropped from 80 per cent, to 35, and most of the deaths are those of old people and children w’ho had not recovered from the starvation which they had endured.” “When will the military occupation of the island occur?” “Sometime in the latter part of October." was the answer. “You asked me about the use of cavalry in Cuba, and I reply that if we have to go down there and fight the Cuban guerillas we shall want the cavalry beyond question. Otherwise not. I hope that small garrisons of infantry scattered over the country will suffice.” “How about the western end of the island now?” was the next inquiry. “Havana will certainly be garrisoned and everything possible will be done to render the city healthy and revive its prosperity. The western provinces are ready for agriculture, and crops can be pat in any time.” General Shafter was fully informed regarding the controversy between General Miles and the secretary of war. He was surprised, and said it was the first hint he had bad of anything of the kind. He knew nothing about the causes or merits of the controversy. “What troops are still left to garrison Santiago?” “Tho only troops of the Fifth Corps that are left are the Twenty-fourth Infantry, the remainder of the Ninth Massachusetts, about one hundred recruits, and the last of the sick and wounded. These were to have left on the day after the City of Mexico sailed, and are to reach here to-morrow or next day. This completes the withdrawal of the army of invasion, which was composed of the Fifth Corps. The garrison duty is in other hands. The Fifth Corps flag will fly over Camp Wikoff to-morrow.” INTERNATIONAL. COMMISSIONERS. Newspaper Men Find Them Courteous, but Masters of Fence. Montreal Mail. Daily do the newspaper correspondents make their calls upon Lord Herschell and Senator Fairbanks, the two delegates appointed to communicate with the press when anything is to be given, and daily do they emerge from the reception rooms of these two gentlemen and have a hearty laugh over their experiences. The first interview with Lord Herschell is told again and again as one of the good things of the past week. His lordship wielded the foil against newspaper men in the most effective manner. They tried him on every tack, but without, success. Finally one question as to whether the whole programme had been discussed caused his lordship to ponder. He nursed his chin for a few moments, and then, speaking with great deliberation, remarked, “I think it would not be improper for you, gentlemen, to say that some of the subjects of reference were dealt with,” laying great emphasis on the word “some." But for ability to dodge a straight question Senator Fairbanks takes the palm, “Well, senator, what can we say to-day?” The Indiana representative looked down from his altitude of six feet six upon his questioner, and replied, “Well, you can say that the American commissioners met at 9:30 this morning, and the joint high commission at 11, that we took luncheon at the Parliament building, and adjo ed at 3 o’clock. To-morrow the America ->mmissioners will meet at 9:30 and the t high commission at 11. We shall prol y take luncheon in the Parliamentary bun. mg.” “is that all?” queried the correspondent. “That is all, except that 1 am sorry it is raining,” the senator replied. “What do you think are the chances of a successful termination to the labors of the commission?” “You can say that the friendliest feeling exists among the commissioners.” Then fie switched oft with the remark: “That was a fine song you gave us on Saturday night.” “Thank you for the compliment, Senator, but may I ask if the trade question has yet been discussed?” “I cannot answer that question. What a charming view’ we get from the Dutferin Terrace,” was the rsponse. “Will the Atlantic fisheries question create much difficulty of settlement?” “It is difficult to answer that question. Those French-Canadian gentlemen at the Garrison Club dinner were a jolly lot of fellows.” And so the conversation continued. The more the newspaper men endeavor to pin tho commissioners down to facts the more quickly do they switch off into generalities, glittering and otherwise. There is this to be said for all the commissioners, however, that while declining to discuss conference matters, they treat the newspaper correspondents wiith the greatest possible courtesy. Shermnn on the Rumpnge. Washington Special. A savage attack upon the War Department by ex-Secretary John Sherman in the columns of the Washington Star has caused utmost astonishment in the capital city. Mr. Sherman has not been heard of to any extent lately except In vague talk about his being desirous of re-entering Ohio politics. He has been keeping in the background and was apparently content to live the life of a retired statesman. His reappearance therefore at the head of a hostile chorus in criticism of the conduct of the war sets tongues to wagging. His assault invites retaliation, but members of the administration will be slow to counter his attack by unkind remarks about the venerable gentleman. For a long time before he left the exalted position of secretary of state it was charged against him that his judgment was uncertain in important matters and his memory failing. The frivolous minded are saying today that, while the first count of the indictment may be true, the one in disparagement of his powers of memory must be wrong. They suggest that it is the memory of his old feud with Secretary Alger which inspired this late-day attack upon the latter's administration of the war department. This feud was supposed to have been healed when Senator Sherman and General Alger entered the official family of President McKinley, but the sore appears to have broken out afresh. Secretary Sherman’s friends regret that he should have been so hasty In passing judgment upon the War Department on strictly ex parte testimony. Am to Merritt. Chicago Post. It is a severe and unjust reflection on General Merritt that “Cupid is responsible” for his desertion of Manila. The general is on his way to Paris at the request of the President; if he chooses incidentally to take a Chicago wife on the way it is for the purpose of profiting by her counsel and advice during his delicate mission. We have hud no intimation of the general’s plans after he has performed the duties assigned to him at Paris, but we presume he will return to Manila, where the supremacy of the Chicago woman will be immediately established. One Chicago woman will be the first lady of India, and another will be speedily heralded as the first lady of the Philippines. We take these honors easily and naturally, anjl if it develops in the course of time that Chicago is expected to contribute a first lady of Hawaii and a first lady of Guam wc shall be ready to meet the social levy. It would please us immensely If General Merritt’s marriage could be timed to grace the proceedings of our peace jubilee, but in such matters we must deter to the wishes of the parties most intimately interested. Our New Responsibilities. New York Independent. We have entered on anew era. No one thought it, but it has come. The Nation is of age. It. must take its part, accept its responsibilities for the government of the world and be sobered thereby. Now we shall be one of the world nations. No other nation is better fitted easily to take world responsibilities, because in no other country will rulers be held to a stricter account for misgovernment. It would not be cowardice alone, It would be treason to God, faithlessness to the world for us to shrink from the duty of helping put the best principles and the freest Institutions into control over the earth. For this end wo should ally ourselves with those whose purpose is like ours, and for this end God forbid that we may have to fight. And yet we have now had the evidence that war may be a thunderstorm needed to clear the air for the sun of liberty and peace. Quick Work. Life. “How long does it take you to do up a white ruffled skirt?’ Laundress—Generally about two washings, ma am,

A HARD NUT TO CRACK , —♦ CANADIAN COMMISSIONERS URGED AGAINST RECIPROCITY. - . The Joint High Commission Takes a Recess for Three Weeks—Progress Kept Secret. ♦ QUEBEC, Sept. 2.—The Joint high commission of the United States, Canada, Newfoundland and Great Britain, after ten days’ work, adjourned at 2 o’clock this afternoon, to meet again in this city Sept, 20, at 11 a. m. All of the American commissioners, excepting Mr. Kasson, will return to their homes or to Washington. Mr. Kasson will remain in Quebec. The subcommittees and secretaries will continue their work here or at their homes during the recess. Lord Herschell, the representative from England, will go from here to Newport. Sir James Winter, the Newfoundland representative, has returned home. The other Canadian commissioners left to-day for their homes. Congressman Dingley left this afternoon for his home in Maine. Gen. Foster will go to Washington. What the commissioners accomplished up to this point or what they are likely to accomplish in the future can only be inferred from outward indications. Absolutely nothing has been revealed from within the meeting rooms of the commission. From the very first session until the adjournment the commissioners on both sides have repeatedly stated that the most fut-ndly relations existed on both sides, and that the representatives of both y n eruinente manifested a disposition, even a detci miration, to reach a final adjustment of the questions of international dispute before them. In fact, everything that las transpired before the public eye in connection with the conference has confirmed these statements. But there are questions which, many predict, the commissioners will have great difficulty in adjusting, if they are able to adjust them at all. Some of these difficulties are foreshadowed in what has taken place here dtiring the past three days. Three powerful industries of the United States, by their representatives, have appeared here praying the American members of the conference to make no change in the duties now imposed on the Canadian products of lumber, fish and pulp paper. The lumber interest is the most important of the three and it Is known that between this and the reconvening of the conference aetive steps will be taken by the United States lumber men to forestall any action on the part of the commission in the way of opening wider the United States markets for Canadian lumber. Another powerful industry yet to fie heard from is the agricultural interest. The farmers of the United States, it Is known, will oppose most vigorously any adjustment of affairs which will involve a reduction of the duty on Canadian agricultural products. Yet these are some of the concessions the Canadian government desires. If the joint high commission had nothing to do but settle the Bering sea question, the boundary lines of Alaska, the fisheries or any greup or allot twelve questions enumerated in the protocol, no doubt they could do it, but the greater question of reciprocity has seemed to force itself before the conference and the question will be difficult to settle. So far as known, the only expression from the United States in accord with the Canadian view of reciprocity is that coming from the Boston Chamber of Commerce. These gentlemen told the commissioners that they favored the freest possible trade relations with Canada, and that they spoke for a very large number of the manufacturing interests of the Eastern and Northern States. Against this argument came the protest of the lumber men, who declared that their industry alone gave employment to a number of American citizens as large as the entire population of Canada, and they desired the duty on lumber to remain as it is. Thus, it may seem from a very superficial view of the situation that the joint high commission has a task of the gravest importance and one that is accompanied by the greatest difficulties. After the adjournment to-day it was announced that no more hearings of any sort would be given, except in such cases as the commissioners themselves requested the appearance of persons for the purpose of giving necessary information. NEW KIND OF RECIPROCITY. A man closely identified with the Unit’d States government, and who has followed the work of the conference very closely, made the fvllowing otatement this afternoon :

“The labor of the American members of the commission has been greatly increased by the attitude of the Canadian representatives on the subject of reciprocity. 1 understand that they demand as a condition precedent to the settlement of the international questions which have long pended between Canada and the United States an agreement of some kind in reference to reciprocity. This would not be so difficult of solution were it not for the fact that from the newspapers in Canada and from the impressions of the public men here it is very evident that the reciprocity which they are willing to enter is r.ot the kind of reciprocity that the American people for the past twenty years have discussed and now unanimously favor. Since 1 have been here I have carefully observed the situation and have learned that Canada expects the United States to give them an exclusive preferential duty in our market, while they propose to admit our goods only on the same condition that the products of Great Britain are admitted. The Canadian idea is that m our markets they are to have an advantage as against the rest of the world, while in their market they will give us only an equal opportunity to compete with Great Britain. The kind of reciprocity which the American people favor and which the commercial bodies of the United States have been asking our commissioners to secure is the reciprocity which gives an equal advantage in the respective markets in the countries which are parties to the agreement, and that this advantage should be exclusively enjoyed by each country. Had these various commercial bodies known at the time they considered and passed their resolutions what kind of reciprocity Canada wanted It is doubtful if any of them outside the Boston Chamber of Commerce would have favored it, or would have presented these resolutions which are now in the hands of the commissioners. It was not then known that such great national industries in the United States as agriculture, lumber, coal and others were to be laid on the international bhrgain counter, there to be disposed of in consideration of securing for a few manufacturers in Boston and other New England cities the poor privilege of competing n the Canadian markets on an equality with some other country where production is carried on at a cost far below the erst of production in our own country. It will readily be seen that the Boston ind Canadian proposition will be of no material benefit to American producers. In anticipation of the appointment of this joint high commission, Canada some time ago increased the preferential tariff in favor of Great Britain \l x k per cent., so that to-day in the Canadian market American goods pay 25 per cent, more duty than English goods. If rec'proclty between nations, especially between the United States and foreign countries, is to be secured only in this way. then the American government should add 26 per cent, to its present tariff in order that it might make a reduction corresponding to that which other countries lik*• Canada proposes; or, in other words, so that it would have something to trade on. It Is because of this attitude of the Canadian press and Canada’s public men that leads me t® believe that reciprocity with Canada is utterly out of the question; but nevertheless American producers, and erpi-eially those Interested in the three greatest of our i ational industries, should take steps to convince the American commissioners that the Canadian policy of reciprocity will never meet the approval of the American people.’* 100 .Much Fool Now. New York Post. The distribution of good food—eggs, soups, milk, butter, pickles, etc.—to the reguiar troops, has had an unexpected effect. The men have u great loathing for army rations; but they are very hungry, and overload their stomachs with the new and strange dishes the compat.y cooks make for thcin—all with unpleasant results. The cooks have never before had such a variety of foods at one time—never before known such possibilities for experiment. They know little more than how to fry bacon and make beef soup; and now that they have the material to work with they hardly know what to do with it. Even the more experienced cooks cannot make dishes for sick men, though they have everything at hand to do it with. So that, speaking generally, the sick are not as well oft as they might be with what they have, and the well are gorging themselves sick with rich food. Amended Suggestion. Memphis Commercial-Appeal. A Chicago' lawyer suggests that the bar build a oauld shiu. Yea. and call it Chaneery.