Indianapolis Journal, Volume 48, Number 185, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 July 1898 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL MONDAY, JULY 4, 1898. WathingtM Office—lso3 Pennsylvania Avccue Telephone Calls. BuslneiMi Office 2SS j Editorial Room*...A MS TERMS OF 81 BSCIt IFTION. DAILY BY MAIL. Dally only, one month $ .70 Daily only, three month* 2.'W Dally only, one year 8.00 Dally, includlnr Sunday, one year 10.00 Sunday mm, one iw i.uO WHEN FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Dally, per waek. by carrier IS cts Su.iday, Kinyle copy 0 cts Daily and Sunday, par week, tiy carrier.... 20 eta WKtA-:. Per yea x SI.OO Reduced Rate* to Claim. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or send subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY* Indianapolis, Ind. Persons sending the Journal through the malls In the United States should put on an eight-page paper a ONE-CENT postage stamp: on a twelve or sixteen-page paper a TWO-CENT postage stamp. Foreign postage la usually double these rates. AH communications Intended for publication In this paper must. In order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the writer. TIIE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL. Can l>e found at the following places: HEW YORK-Astor House. CHICAGO—PaImer House, P. O. News Cos., 217 Dearborn street. Great Northern Hotel and Grand Paclflc Hotel. CINCINNATI—J. H. Hawley & Cos.. 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE—C. T. Peering, northwest comer of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. ST. LOUlS—Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C.-Riggs House, Ebbltt House and Willard's Hotel.

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The stripes and stare may not float over Santiago to-day, but they will some other day. Most of the fault-finding about the conduct of the war is due to gross ignorance relative to military affairs. It Is very kind In Mr. Lieiter, sr., to put up 53,000,000 to $4,000,000 to cover Mr. Lelter, jr.’s, losses in wheat, but It will not tend to convince him that his son Is a Napoleon in finance. Since the war began 693 volunteer officers have been added to the navy. Nearly all of them are accomplished seamen, and many of them have been in the navy in Mtame capacity. If the railroad companies are well advised they will affix stamps to all original bills of lading or receipts Issued by them. The tax on duplicate or triplicate bills must be borne by the shippers or consignees. It Is too late now, but If Congress had not been ruled by the spirit of demagogy, and a standing army of fifty or sixty regiments had been maintained, the war situation would not be what* It is to-day. We are beginning to learn that an enemy with 7fUWO available men on an Island like (iPoa cannot be beaten without employing very large army and experiencing a heavy loss. Many people saw that before the war began. That was the genuine article of patriotism which caused the Massachusetts captain of a coal-laden schooner to refuse to transfer his cargo to a Spanish ship at Vera Cruz; but what can be done with the Mobile parties who made the sale of the coal? Those demogogues and papers which railed at the President for not attacking Havana with its 50,000 defenders with a few regiments of regulars, led thousands of people to believe that the driving of Spain out of Cuba would be In the nature of a picnic. When the President called out the last 75,000 men many clamorers denounced him for putting the Nation to unnecessary expense. Better than the tongue-warriors, the President, Generals Miles, Merritt and other officials knew the proportions of the task we have undertaken. Congress has appropriated $40,000 for the purpose of bringing together a lot of Indians at the Omaha exposition who will give the green-oom dance, ghost dance and other saltatory exhibitions. It might prove a drawing card If the United States Senate would hold a special session there and show how a small minority can hold a majority down. An important International agreement has been consummated at Albany. N. Y., by which fifty official representatives of the r Five Indian Nations ratified the selection of the j&tate University as wampum keeper of the Five Nations. There were originally about thirty wampum belts, but now only a dozen survive, and hereafter these will lie as a special deposit In the museum of the State university. It Is to be hoped the present Inhabitants of New York will not betray the confidence thus shown In their honor by the original proprietors of the soil. Those men who are sending petitions to Governor Mount asking that the commission of Colonel Barnett be ’‘revoked,” ought to know that the Governor has no more authority over a colonel of an Indiana regiment mustered Into the United States service than he has over Colonel Bryan commanding a Nebraska .<glment. Governor Mount might make representations to the War Department which might lead to Investigav or court-martial, but If the officers ®f tfat department should not see fit to tak* act 4 ,n the Governor can do nothing. If the .aptain of the company to which the man who is alleged to have been cruelly Seated cared to do so, he could prefer charges, which would lead to a court-mar-ital. Senator Pettigrew, who has wasted several days in talking against the annexing of Hawaii, ha* asked the Benate to print Senator Stewart’s free-silver pamphlet as * part of the Congressional Record. If. as some of tbs friends of free coinage fear.

annexation and other issues will eclipse the silver question, Mr. Pettigrew should be permitted to print the argument of the silver mine owner as a reason against annexation. Otherwise, the pamphlet should not be permitted to burden the already overburdened columns of the Congressional Record, to the end that the plea of the silver mine owner may be circulated as a campaign document at the expense of the government. AN EVENTFUL DAY. Few days in tile year have been so conspicuously marnea oy periods of anxiety in the affairs of this Nation ao the Fourth of July. To vo * iurther back than 1362 we find the North intensely concerned over the failure of General McClellan about Richmond. It was anything but a joyous day for patriotic people, because the minds of loyal people were filled with anxiety and concern about the future of the Union. A year later the world saw Grant about Vicksburg and the decisive battle of Gettysburg in progress so far as it could be known. In the large cities it was known, that Vicksburg had surrendered and to the administration that Lee had been beaten at Gettysburg, but to the mass of thoughtful people the conditions at both these battle grounds were the cause of the gravest anxiety. A few days later the North was rejoicing over the two great victories which were achieved at Vicksburg and Gettysburg. The war did not end then, as it should, but Vicksburg marked General Grant as the man destined to lead the national armies to victory. July 4, 1864, followed the bloody fighting of the bloodiest period of the war. The depleted armies of the Union in Georgia were not yet sure of Atlanta, ard those of the East, reduced in numbers and exhausted, had encompassed Petersburg and Richmond. To force Grant to withdraw from Richmond, Early had pushed up the Shenandoah valley, and on the Fourth there was general fear that he might be able to capture Washington before troops could be hastened to its defense. The timely arrival of troops from the Army of the Potomac checked Early and turned him back when in sight of the national capital. July 4, 1894, the Debs conspiracy to force the railroads and the traffic of the country to submit to his dictates was at its height. Mobs held portions of Chicago, freight traffic was suspended, and everywhere outbreak was threatened. It was anything but a joyous Fourth of July, but the force of the conspirators culminated on that day, and in a week all danger had passed. The situation at Santiago, while It involves no great issue affecting the future of the Republic, fills the public mind with solicitude to-day. The loss of so many good men and the probability of greater loss has a sobering effect.

A BRIGHT SIDE OF WAR. The results of war are sometimes greatly beneficial to civilization and humanity, but war itself is a terrible business. If It has a bright side it Is In the organized efforts to minimize Its horrors, to relieve the sick and suffering and to contribute to the comfort and the moral, as well as the physical, welfare of the soldiers in the field. These efforts furnish a great outlet for the philanthropic energies of those who do not go to the front, women as well as men. They are the organized humanities of war which mitigate features they cannot wholly prevent. They appear in a great number of local movements in aid of particular commands, often organized and carried on by women with very beneficial results, but more especially In the hospital and relief arrangements of the government and in great national and international societies for the protection and care of the sick \and wounded. During the civil war we had the Sanitary and Christian Commissions, two organizations which carried on philanthropic and religious work among the soldiers, and both of which became famous for the immense results of their beneficent labors. In this war the Sanitary Commission's work will be done by the National Relief and Red Cross organization, supported by numerous auxiliaries, and the religious work will be chiefly done by the Army and Navy Christian Commission, organized by the international committee cf Young Men's Christian Associations, assisted by the churches. The Red Cross organization is international in character and its flag is respected by all nations as the protector of sick and wounded soldiers. Recent dispatches say it has been raised over a number of buildings in Santiago not used for Red Cross purposes, in order to prevent bombardment. If so it is an act of treachery quite in keeping with Spanish character. The Red Cross does its work among sick and wounded soldiers after they reach the hospital, or on the field after a battle. The Christian Commission works among the men in camp, maintaining large tents supplied with facilities for writing letters, with games, magazines, illustrated papers, an organ, hymn books and all facilities for social and religious meetings. A plentiful supply of oatmeal, water and ice water is furnished at each tent and every effort is made to make them homelike and attractive. Ten such tents are now in use at Camp Alger, twelve at Chickamauga, and others will follow the troops to Cuba and Porto Rico as soon as camps are established there. Three are now on the way with expeditions to the Philippines. These efforts to contribute to the personal comfort and moral well being of soldiers are the result of private organization, and while they are approved and encouraged by the military authorities they are entirely distinct from the relief and hospital arrangements of the government and the Red Cross. The philanthropic workers In these different lines are not making much noise, but they are doing a great deal to alleviate the horrors and brighten the darker aspects of the war. ADVICE TO CORPORATIONS. The common remark that corporations have no souls might be extended in some cases to include the statement that they have no sense. Certainly it is the height of folly on their part to Invite popular censure and furnish additional ground for the popular odium which naturally attaches to them, by trying to evade the law or shift burdens from their own shoulders to those of the people. A case In pont Is the position which some corporations have taken In regard to the stamp taxes imposed by the new revenue law. That Congress intended to tax these corporations is too plain for argument. Why should It not do so when it was taxing all the people? The title of the new law is “An act to provide ways and means to meet war expenditures, and for other purposes.” It would be strange. Indeed, If in the enactment of such a law Congress Should have failed to Impose a just share of the burden of general taxation on corporations which enjoy valuable franchises and which have grown rich in the exercise of monopolies. It would have been mbnstrous If. while every consumer and private citizen

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, MONDAY, JULY 4. 1898.

was required to contribute In some w*ay or form hls pro rata share to the support of the government and the prosecution of the war, the railroad and express companies had been let off. The language of the law shows that Congress had no such intention. It imposes a tax on each and every one of these corporations in terms that cannot be evaded or misconstrued. It requires every railroad, common carrier or express company to Issue to each shipper a bill of lading or receipt, which shall be stamped and the stamp canceled at the time of issuing; “and any failure to issue such hill of lading, receipt, etc., shall subject the railroad or express company to a penalty of SSO for each offense.” unis does not impose any duty or penalty cn tele shipper; both are imposed on the company. No shipper is obliged to accept a bill of lading from a railroad company or receipt from an express company unless the stamp is previously affixed and canceled by the company, and failure to do so subjects the company to the SSO penalty. Each bill of lading or receipt issued by a railroad or express company without a stamp being affixed and canceled constitutes a separate offense and carries a seDarate penalty. As far as railroad and express companies are concerned there is no doubt as to the law. The section in regard to telegraph messages is as follows: That on and after the Ist day of Juiy, 1898, no telegraph company or its agent or employe shall transmit to apy person any dispatch or message without an adhesive stamp, denoting the tax imposed by this act, being affixed to a copy thereof or having the same stamped thereupon, and in default thereof shall incur a penalty of $lO, provided that only one stamp shall be required in each dispatch or message, whether sent through one or more companies; provided that the messages or dispatches of the officers and employes of any telegraph or telephone company concerning the affairs and service of the company and like messages or dispatches of the officials and employes of railroad companies sent over the wires on their respective railroads shall be exempt from this requirement; provided further, that messages of officers and employes of the government on official business shall he exempt from the taxes herein imposed upon telegraphic and telephonic messages. Unlike the section regarding railroad and express companies, this leaves It In some doubt whether the stamp on telegraph messages is to be affixed Ijy the company or by the sender. Under the general rule that the signer or Issuer of a document must affix and cancel the stamp, this duty would fall on the sender of a telegraph message, while the fact that the penalty for violation of the law Is imposed on the company might indicate that the latter must affix the stamp. Probably, however,, a fair construction of the law requires the sender of a message to stamp it. In regard to bank transactions, the maker or issuer of the paper must stamp it—the drawer in the case of a cheek and the bank in the case of a draft or certificate of deposit Issued by it. The banks in some cities have issued circulars of “information” to the public in which they include drafts among the papers which must be stamped by the individual. This Is wrong. A bank must stamp and cancel Its own drafts. In the last resort all taxes on corporations are likely to fall on the public through some Indirect process, but In the present case corporations should be careful how they invite criticism by seeking to evade a war tax which it is the patriotic duty of all alike to assist in carrying. If they persist in the attitude they have assumed Congress should not adjourn until It has amended the war revenue law In such manner as will put beyond question the payment of all taxes assessed against corporations.

AN ILL-TIMED PAMPHLET. The Journal has received a copy of Senator Stewart’s “Analysis of the Functions of Money,” from the author, with a request for a notice. As is well known, Mr. Stewart is an extensive owner of silver mines in this country and Mexico, and for that reason he is not the person to make hls advocacy of free coinage worth consideration. He tells us that “silver Is the money of those who create wealth in time of peace and fights ifs battles in time of war.” That is not only nonsense, but the nonsense of senility. In Mexico silver is the money of those who create wealth because that country is on a silver basis, but the wealth created is for the men who employ labor at less than 50 cents a day iii silver. It Is the exclusive money of every country paying the lowest wages. The silver of this country which is in circulation Is as good as gold because the country Is on the gold basis. Mr. Stewart would have free coinage of silver and thus put the country on a silver basis, reducing the purchase power of wages one-half that the value of hls millions in silver mines may be doubled. Another false assumption of the senator Is that “gold is such a confirmed traitor that every civilized nation in the world has been compelled to banish it in times of great emergency.” During the late war the United States, on a free coinage basis, suspended specie payments, but silver dollars had fled the country long before because worth more than gold. Great Britain has carried on all her wars for fifty years on a gold basis, and since our war with Spain began we have increased our stock of gold faster than ever before. Spain, on the other hand, having lost Its credit, has got rid of the yellow traitor and is now on a silver basis. A few days ago coal heavers in a Spanish town struck for higher wages because they were being paid in silver upon a silver basis. Their complaint was that it would not purchase half as much as when the country was on a gold basis. Tne coalheavers did not get double wages in silver to make their pay equal to gold, but an advance of 52 per cent., which makes their wages 25 per cent, less than when paid on a gold basis. Mr. Stewart’s book is out of place just now, partly because the public understands “the game” of this silver-mine millionaire in the Senate, and partly because it has more important matters to think of. STATE PRESS OPINION. Foreigners may feel surprised at displays of American bravery, but no American does. The American is brave because he is born that way.—Goshen Times. If the Spaniards believe all the stories that are circulated in Madrid concerning the sinking of American battleships and cruisers they must think we had an enormous navy at the start.—Marlon News. The people of the United States are now all enlisted in the war with Spain. If they cannot go to the front and fight in person, they can go down in their pockets and help pay the Luis.—South Bend Tribune. We have spent $60,000,000 in cash to the present time in prosecuting the war, with much more to add. Will some of the opponents of “imperialism** klncny p-.-lnt out the process by which we are to be recompensed?—Lafayette Courier. McKinley has issued orders to abolish the “wooden hoss" in the United States army. We are only sorry that he could not have put Colonel Barnett astride the cruel instrument of torture awhile before it was taken down.—Vincennes Commercial. General Lawton enlisted tn the war of the Rebellion from Allen county, and he has shown himself a vigorous and masterful soldier. It has inured to his opportunity and credit that he was not appointed to the volunteer service in this State, whose troooe

have not yet reached the front. His friends here are greatly pleased to know of his success and applaud hls course. He comes up from the ranks.—Fort Wayne Gazette. Nobody is bothering Dewey at Manila. The man. who made such a clean and complete job of the Spanish, fleet Isn't likely to be worried by a few warships from any other nation, no matter what their intentions may be.—Knightstown Sun. Some of the corporations are making a big kick on the war revenue tax, while the great mass of the people are paying the same both willingly and cheerfully. The grasping corporations have tested the American temper to its utmost limit and they will get it hard one of these days wnere the chicken got the ax.—Gartieid Republican. What even the educated Spaniards do not know about our country and Its resources would fill libraries. A few shells from American cruisers dropped skillfully in some Spanish coast town might start a stream of inquiry in regard to things American which should quickly bring the Spanish government u.nd people to recognize the futility of prole nging a war, the result cf which can only be Spain’s humiliation.— Portland Commercial. That discipline must be maintained, and that reasonable punishment is sometimes necessary, no sensible person will dispute; but such punishment should not be of an Inhuman and atrocious character, nor of a kind that is likely, nor even liable, to seriously impair the health of the culprit. Some men delight in making a “grandstand display” of a little brief authority, and it looks as though Colonel Barnett may be one of them.—Angola Magnet. Viewed simply as a military necessity the taking of Porto Rico and Hawaii is of supreme Importance. This present difficulty is not the last war that will be waged. There will be others, when and where, no one can tell, but the same influences that have caused all the wars of the past are still operative, and this present conflict should bo made to add to the common defense, and the terms or peace should be arranged with a view to strengthening the military and naval power of the United States. —Snelbyville Republican. INDIANA CROP ITEMS. It Is probable the yield of wheat in Fulton county this season will greatly exceed that of any former year.— Rochester Republican. Wheat has been harvested and is now awaiting the early appearance of the thresher. The yield will be even in advance of what was expected.—Martin County Tribune. Several specimens of wheat taken from farms south of the city have been brought to the Plain Dealer office within the past week, all of which look fine. The stocks are thrifty and the heads are filled with plump kernels.—Wabash Plain Dealer. A farmer from west of the city says he never saw wheat headed much better than it Is this year. Ho plucked some heads at random from his field and found they averaged sixty-five grains to the head.—Huntington Herald. Mr. Fred Hobbs, of Benton Harbor, who Is extensively engaged in the milling business, and has traveled over a large portion of Michigan and northern Indiana, says that the wheat crop this year will be the finest that has been harvested in this county for thirty years.—Wabash Plain Dealer. This country is going to experience one of the heaviest yields of wheat this year that it has had for several years. The yield promises to be fifteen bushels per acre over the county, which is an exceptionally large crop. Some wheat wifi probably make as high as thirty-five bushels per acre.—Washington Gazette. The farmers of Grant county are just beginning to harvest one of the finest crops of wheat that has heen grown in the county for many years. And Incidentally it might be added that the price is almost double what it was one year ago. The farmers are getting Republican prices for all their products now.—. Marion News.

BUBBLES IN THE AIR. They Might. Wibble—By the way, are they going to allow the halfbreeds to enlist? Wabble—They would be more appropriate in the Red Cross, y ‘ ‘ ,rr '* ixa.* IK , . .. TJ J . . 4 Love In Early Days. “Yes,” said Adam to Eve, as the twilight drew about the aged couple, softening their lineaments to a semblance of youth, “how well I remember the day we met! You wore a diffident air ” That was all. The Quarrel. “You treat me so unkindly,” said he, “considering that I am your newest, latest lover.” “You do stay the latest,” she murmured, her fawnlike orbs gazing afar as if into the infinite. A Lover of His Kind. Watts—l. believe Richard Harding Davis would bo k great novelist if he had only a little of that love for his kind which seems necessary to genius. Potts—But he is a lover of his kind, for he is the only one of his kind. AMONG THE NEW BOOKS A Stody of Parliamentary Law, with Relation to Congress. “Parliamentary law is the law of lawmaking. The curtain of our legislation rises with an affirmative clashing of spears In the folkmoot of a Teuton forest; it falls, thus far, with the counting of a quorum in a marble palace by the' Potomac. Not to speak of other rimes, ancient and modern, progress of Germanic civilization can be satisfactorily traced in the law of public meetings and assembles.” So says Dr. L. G. McConachie in summing up the oevelopment or evolution of parliamentary procedure in a work entitled “Congressional Committees.” The-work is a study of the origin and development of our national and local legislative methods, especially in the growth of parliamentary law and committee work. History shows that legislative bodies are living, more or less rapidly changing, political organisms. Each has Its own external and internal conditions. In many respects the laws of their being are like those of human society In general. They must have governments. They must adapt themselves to their own peculiar external environments. V*ithin, justice is to be maintained between member and member, between the ruler and the ruled; positive and energetic administration is to have its efficient organs; rules and customs are to be established by the rightful voice of all concerned, and everything ought to be adjusted to the complexity or simplicity of the bodies as regards the number of members, variety or sameness of individual capacities and amount and character of the work to be performed. In this spirit the author has traced the development Sr parliamentary committees from their first beginning to the present time, especially in the Congress of the United States. With our legislative asstnjbnes, modeled on the English Parliament, It was natural to go back to British beginnings, and thence to trace the idea of subdivision down to modern times, especially to the period succeeding the civil war, when the sudden and vast augmentation of legislative burdens brought about a complete breakdown of parliamentary machinery on the floor of Congress. Tlie work covers both branches of Congress, and is filled with an interesting array of facts, criticisms and arguments. It should be in the hands of every member or prospective or possible member of Congress and can be studied with profit by every one who wishes to understand the organization of the House, the secret of the power of the Speaker and the evolutionary growth of our legislative methods. The worn is published by Thomas Y. Crowell & Cos.. New Y'ork. in the Library of Economics *nd Politics series. The Spnniurd in History. Admiral Cervera, in his address to hls men just before leaving the Cape Verde islands. exhorted them thus: “Then, when I lead you to battle, have confidence In your chiefs; and the nation, whose eye is upon you. will see that Spain to-day Is the Spain of all time.” Perhaps that Is the secret of Spain's decadence—that Spain to-day is the Spain of ail time* That something is wrong with Spain must ba apparent, it would

seem, even to her own people. How alee should her once splendid, world-wide empire have so fallen Into decay? The cause of this decadence Is not In any desolating foreign Invasion, and must be in some qualities of the Spanish people. In "The Spaniard in History,” by James C. Fernald, an attempt is made briefly to portray, through leading incidents of Spanish history, some leading traits of Spanish character which have profoundly influenced the destiny of that people. The work is in no sense a history of Spain, and still less a chronological record of events. It is rather an intelligent attempt to form an estimate of the nation by swift characterization at critical epochs of its history, and to show how, through centuries of evolution, the Spanish people have become what they are to-day. Asa study of Spanish character in the light of Spanish history the work is Interesting and instructive. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company. Dr. Goodwill on State Schools. Dr. Goodwin is not inclined to abandon his contention that all appropriations to the so-called State University are probihited by the Constitution, and he includes the State Normal School in the same category. His latest contribution to the literature on this question is a booklet of sixteen pages, Just from the press of Smith & Iliff. 26 Nor s h Pennsylvania street, entitled, "How the Indiana University, a strictly private corporation, became a state school after having been ‘abolished’ by the constitutional convention of 1851; what has already come of it; what is sure to come of it if let alone, and what ought to be done about it at once.” These who have an inkling to Dr. Goodwin’s views on this question as indicated in frequent discussions of it in the Journal, in the last few years, will read this pamphlet with much interest. It has at least this merit: No one con mistake the writer’s views. It can be had free, for a few days, at the office of the publishers, or it will be sent free by mail to any address in quantities not exceeding twenty-five to one order, on the receipt by the author, 1220 College avenue, of 2 cents a copy for postage. Penelope's Progress. This is the second book by Mrs. Kate Douglas Wiggin bearing the same title, but the chronicles on this occasion are such as relate to the experiences of Penelope Hamilton in Scotland, whereas the first record was that of a tour in England. The story, or series of sketches, is a very clever account of the impressions of three American women in Scotland. "Clever” is a word that well describes Mrs. Wiggins’s literary style; she is sprightly and witty, and has a keen appreciation of national peculiarities and characteristics—both American and foreign. There is at times a suggestion of forced sprightliness and wit—humor always on the surface becomes tiresome, but, on the whole, the history of the adventures of Penelope and her friend in and about Edinburgh is a highly interesting volume and one to be selected in choosing summer reading. Houghton, Miffiin & Cos., publishers. The Love of an Obsolete Woman. The author of this story, which purports to have been written by the woman in the case, says at the beginning: “I am what 1 have called myself, an obsolete woman—a woman who> does not believe that woman was created as a whole, sufficient unto herself, but as the other half of man. and that she does not know the meaning of the word ’life’ until she has lived in close, constant, unrestricted communion with her other half; and that each half is necessary for the full, perfect development of the other.” This idea *s carried out in the story, which tells how an actress who had reached the age of twenty-seven without being in love encountered her affinity in a manager who, though a married man, also fell in love with her at first sight, leading to an illicit marriage. Such incidents may be common enough, but such stories are not wholesome. New York; R. F. Fenno & Cos.

Determination of Sex. Recent dispatches have referred to an alleged discovery by Dr. Leopold Schenck, a German physician, who has won a wide reputation by his extensive researches in the province of embryology. He is professor of the Imperial and Royal University and director of the Embryological Institute at Vienna. The subject of his alleged discovery is discussed and the results of his investigations given in a work entitled “Schenck’s Theory of the Determination of Sex.” It is a book for the physician’s and the specialist's library. The subject is treated in a dignified and scientific manner, the conclusion being that the sex of an unborn creature depends largely on the food and physical conditions of the mother. The work is published in an authorized translation from the German by the Werner Company, Akron. O. Ballads of the Occident. A collection of verses by George M. Vickers is styled “Ballads of the Occident,” because the author is an American and several of the poems are of a distinct American cast. Otherwise, they embrace a variety of topics and sentiments common to humanity. The poems show good feeling and some of them wouid sing well if set to music, but the author evidently has a facility in rhyming that is apt to lead its possessor to write too much. He says in a preface that this collection does not contain ail the verses he has written, but it might still have been severely pruned, with advantage. Philadelphia: The Parkview Publishing Company. Coal Catechism. This little work by Prof. William J. Nicolls is intended for the large number of intelligent readers who have no technical training and yet who prefer to seek knowledge by reading special subjects rather than fiction. A large proportion of these have neither the time nor inclination to peruse the voluminous geological and statistical reports of the coal industry in the United States, or to study the ponderous volumes of gathered wisdom by technical experts. In “Coal Catechism” all the information on the subject, scientific and practical, is clearly set forth in a series of questions and answers, which in a condensed and progressive form embrace the whole subject of coal lore. Philadelphia; J. B. Lippincott Company. Some of Our People. This is the modest title of a volume containing eight short and clever stories, by Lynn R. Meekins, author of “Robbs Island Rock.” Some of the stories appeared originally in the Century Magazine and Harper’s Weekly, while others are published now for the first time. The “Some of Our People” alluded to represent types of Maryland character and are sharply drawn. The author has a genial style antj the stories are original and readable above the ordinary. Published by Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore. With Dewey at Manila. The “plain story of the glorious victory of the United States squadron over the Spanish fleet” Sunday morning, May 1, 1898, as related in the notes and correspondence of an officer on board the flagship Olympia and edited by Thomas J. Vivian, is published by R. F. Fenno & Cos., New' York. It is in paper and in convenient form . Other Books Received. “Hts Pretty Cousin,” a novel, by Katharine S. Baxter. New York: F. Tennyson Neely. “A Duel with Destiny, and Other Stories,” by Edith Townsend Everett. Philadelphia: Drexel Biddle. “Crossing the Bar,” by Alfred Tennyson. Illustrated by Blanche McManus. New York: E. R. Herrick & Cos. “Javan Ben Seir; a Story of Olden Israel,” by Walker Kennedy. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company. “The Revenge of Lucas Helm,” a story translated from the French of Auguste Blondel. Philadelphia: Drexel Biddle. “Wheat in the Ear,” a novel by Alien, author of “In Golden Shackles.” Paper, 60 cents. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons. "One Thousand Men for a Christmas Present.” a story of revolutionary times, by Mary B. Sheldon. Boston: Estes & Lauriat. “The Recovered Continent,” a tale of the Chinese invasion, an extravagant and amusing conception, by Otto Mundo. Columbus, O.: The Harper-Osgood Company. “Shauii ; town Sketches.” by A. J. Drexel Biddle, sixth edition. “Word for Word and Letter for Letter.” a biographical romance, by the same author. Philadelphia: orexei Biddle. A. C. Shervey’s Pocket Atlas ami Encyclopedia contains historical information and statistical tables of reference relating to the Spanish-Ameriean conflict, together with official maps. It will help settle questions or disputes. Price. 26 cents. Chicago. Laird & Lee, Chicago, have Issued a little hand book called “The Motormans Guide.” It ia a practical treatise on street-railway motors, and discusses car wiring, cutting out motors, operation and cars of K con-

trollers, short circuits and how to locate them, incandescent light circuits, etc. The formation of “Don’t Worry Clubs” has led Jeanne G. Pennington to compile, for their benefit and for that of individuals, from the writings of Epictetus, Emerson, George Eliot and Robert Browning a series of thoughts which she calls “Don’t vvorry Nuggets.” They are issued in a dainty volume by Fords, How’ard & Hulbert. New York. Many people can write very good English composition, but very few can properly punctuate what they have written. Kate O’Neill, of the Richmond. Va., High School, has prepared a little manual on the subject of punctuation which contains all the rules given by grammarians. The proper use of each point is fully illustrated by numerous examples in sentences so constractwi as to show clearly the correct application of these rules. A. Lovell & Cos., publishers, 70 Fifth avenue, New York. Publishers’ Notes. Little, Brown & Cos., of Boston, have absorbed the old publishing house of Roherts Brothers, of that city. Lee & Shepard have also gone out of business. The next book by Mr. Robert W. Chambers following “The Haunts of Men” is to be “Ashes of Empire.” It is a tale of two American newspaper men w r ho were within the walls of Paris during the entire siege by the Prussians. “Tekla,” Robert Barr's forthcoming novel, is likely, it is said, to prove by far the most important literary work that Mr. Barr has yet accomplished. This is the story typewritten by the author within the walls of an old castle on the Moselle, and is a stirring tale of adventure, marking Mr. Barr’s entrance into a field entirely new to him. Both books will be published by the Frederick A. Stokes Company. CRIME OF THE CAROLINES. Missionaries Want Spanish Policy Changed on the Islands. NEW YORK, July 3.—The board of commissioners for foreign missions, whose operations have been carried on in the islands of the Pacific for nearly half a century, has issued the following concerning the alleged attitude on the question of the status of some of these islands, which will result from the war with Spain: “It ought to be understood that the American board does not meddle In political matters, and that at the present time it takes no part in discussions relating to territorial acquisitions by the United States in any part of the world. When our missionaries in a foreign land are denied the rights which other Americans enjoy, the intervention of our government is sometimes sought, but on principle, our board avoids seeking aid of the State in the prosecution of the missionary work. "In view of the forcible intervention of Spain in the Caroline islands, ten years ago, putting a stop to Christian efforts of our missionaries, who were there years before the Spaniards arrived, we deem it right to ask that whenever the status of those islands is determined, ample guarantee shall be required of whatever power shall hold sovereignty, that perfect religious toleration shall be enjoyed by the islanders. As to what nation shall hold that sovereignty we have nothing to say.” SENATE IN SESSION TO-DAY. Unusaal Fourth of July Experience for Congressmen. WASHINGTON, July 3.—The Senate will be in session on the Fourth of July, an unusual sitting, but deemed necessary by the friends of the Hawaiian annexation resolution. It is probable that the weak will be consumed in the discussion of the resolution unless a vote is reached near the middle of the week, which some of the senators hope. No other business will be considered that leads to any extended debate until there is a vote on the Hawaiian resolutions. Os course, any war .egislation which might be necessary would be considered, but there is no expectation of any emergency demands. The House will not be in session to-mor-row, adjournment having been taken until Tuesday. There is no definite programme determined on for the week. The conference report on the deficiency bill will be considered Tuesday and it may provoke considerable debate. The naval affairs committee has a number of bills which it desires to bring up and a day may be given to it. The naval personnel measure is the most important. If it can be reached under call of committees an effort will be made to take up the anti-scalping bill. The bill to incorporate the International American Bank will follow the deficiency bill with a conference report and continue before the House until disposed of. FOR THE ENDEAVORERS. Nashville Decorated and Waiting for the Annual Y. P. S. C. E. Convention. NASHVILLE, Tenn., July 3.—A1l preparations for the opening of the Christian Endeavor convention in this city next Wednesday are practically completed. Committees have performed their work well and the handling of the thousands expected will be well and expeditiously conducted, as accommodations for 50,000 visitors have been secured and the incoming delegates will suffer no delays after arrival. Already decorations adorn many principal buildings, electric arches have been built along some of the principal streets, flags fly from residences and business houses and the churches selected for headquarters for the delegations from the several States are elaborately decked. At Centennial Park, where the principal meetings will be held, three immense buildings, planted in the midst of flower beds and shrubbery, with shade trees abundant, have been placed in perfect order and their interiors are as beautiful as flags, bunting, plants and flowers can make them. An emergency hospital has been prepared at the park, with a corps of able physicians and nurses to attend. This afternoon the convention virtually opened with an immensely attended concert at the tabernacle. Yesterday the delegation from Chicago passed through en route to Chattanooga and will return Tuesday.

JAUNT FOR THE G. A. R. Encampment Programme Includes a Trip to Chlckamanga. CINCINNATI, 0., July 3.—The nearness of Cincinnati to Chickamauga and other Southern points where troops are mobilized, makes the G. A. R. national encampment, ■which occurs here September 5, of more than usual Interest, as thousands of the veterans propose to visit the famous battle grounds near here. The idea, by W. C. Rinearson, G. P. A., cf the Queen & Crescent Route, has been carried to the point where he now announces $5 for the round trip, Cincinnati to Chattanooga and return, during the encampment week. The tickets are good four days. The encampment at Cincinnati promises to be a most enjoyable one ar and of Immense attendance. Thousands will seek the opportunity for a jaunt into what was once the land of the enemy. SOME OF THE GOLD SOD. Real Irish Sod Drought for tL'e San Francisco Fair. PHILADELPHIA. July 3.—The International Navigation Company’s steamer Waesland, from Liverpool, arrived here today with a large consignment of Irish sod, said to be the first that has ever been shipped to this country. This sod was placed on board the Waesland at Queenstown, where she stopped after leaving Liverpool, and is consigned to the Irish fair, at San Francisco. The sod will be forwarded to the Pacific coast to-morrow over the Pennsylvania Railroad. At San Francisco it will be received by delegations from all the Irish societies of that city. The sod was well taken care of on the Waesland, and is in good condition. PROBABLY A SPY. Spaniard Arrested Before He Had a Chance to Land In New York. NEW YORK, July 3.—A Spaniard who said he was a Cuban arrivtd on La Tour&ine to-day. His name was withheld by Commissioner Fitchie. Letters from Madrid were found on him, the contents of which were not made public. The man was sent from the barge office to Ellis island, guarded by offloera

RECORD-BREAKING YEAR ■■■♦■ MOST REMARKABLE ELEVEN MONTHS IN AMERICAN COMMERCE. ♦ Os $503,770,032 Worth of Articles Imported Into United States, 47.44 Per Cent. Was Free of Duty. —♦ - . Special to the Indianapolis Journal. WASHINGTON, July 3.—The detailed story of the most remarkable eleven months in the history of American commerce is told In the monthly summary of finance and commerce of the United States just issued by the Bureau of Statistics, which makes its appearance this month earlier than at any date in the past four years. The record of eleven months of commerce in which ths exports are more than double the Imports, in which more manufactures are exported than imported and in which more gold is brought into thß United States in payment for our surplus than in any preceding year in our history is worthy of some detailed examination. Os the $563,770,032 worth of articles imported into the United States in the eleven months ending June 30 $267,448,136 came in free of duty. Thus 47.44 per cent, of the total imports was free of duty, whlis last year 49.94 per cent, was free of duty, in 1895 49.62 per cent., in 1892 55.37 per cent., in 1891 43.35 per cent., in 1889 34.42 per cent., in 1886 33.39 per cent., in 1884 31.43 per cent and in 1882 29.06 per cent. The total imports for the eleven months fell more than $100,000,000 below those of the corresponding months of the preceding year, the total for the eleven months of 1897 being $679,547,391. The greatest reduction in the imports, considered by classes, was in manufactured articles ready for consumption, which fell from $117,352,182 in the eleven months of 1897 to $75,930,142 in the eleven months of 1898, while of articles imported for use in manufacturing the falling off was very slight, the total for the eleven months of 1897 being $270,643,124 and that for the eleven months of 1898 $251,042,958. Taking up the important articles imported the examination of quantities and prices shows a marked reduction in the values of many articles. Os coffee, for instance, the importations in the eleven months of 1898 were 809,072,152 pounds, against 672,684,962 pounds in me corresponding months of the preceding year, a large increase in the number of pounds; yet the value for the eleven months of 1898 is set down at only $60,641,076, against $75,508,090 in the corresponding months of the preceding year. This remarkable increase in the importation of coffee is accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the importations of tea, which foil from 92,203,384 pounds in the eleven months of 1897 to 66,283,950 pounds In the eleven months of 1898. Foreign cotton continues to come in increased quantities, though at reduced prices, the importation of cotton for the eleven months of the present year being 49,433,524 pounds, against 46,204,885 pounds in tiie corresponding months of last year, while the value for ti.ia year is set down at $4,709,368, against $5,291,510 in the corresponding months of the preceding year. It is in manufactures that the falling off in importations is most apparent. The importations of manufactures of cotton in the eleven months amount to $25,613,862, against $30,947,718 in the corresponding montns of last year. Earthenware and chinaware fell from $8,735,704 to $6,076,661. Manufactures of fibers, such as bagging, burlaps, cables, binding twine, etc., fell from $27,732,303 to $19,547,954, while the unmanufactured fibers for use of manufacturers Increased from 184,029 tons to 229,803 tons. The increased activity of the manufacturers of the country is further shown by the fact that there is a large increase in Importations of raw hides, but no increase in importations of leather or manufactures of leather. The importations of hides during the eleven nlonths of the present year amounted to 221,514,571 pounds, against 173,886,120 pounds in the corresponding months of last year, while in leather and manufactures of leather there was in each case a reduction in the importations during the same period. Another evidence of the activity of the manufacturers in the present year is found in the fact that importations of raw silk are nearly double those of the corresponding months of last year, the value in the eleven months of the fiscal year 1898 being $30,121,362, against $17,268,746 in the eleven months of last year, while the imports of manufactures of silk are this year slig’ tly less than those of last year. Os sugar the importations are very much less than in the corresponding months of last year, owing doubtless to the large anticipatory importations just prior to the enactment of the present tariff law. The total importations of sugar in the eleven months of the present year amount to 2,359,863,532 pounds, against 4,210,353,237 pounds in the corresponding months of last year, the importations in the month of May alone being less than one-half those of May of last year. There has been a great decrease In the Importations of sugar from Germany, Austria-Hungary, Belgium and the Netherlands. Germany’s Imports fell from 1,297,931,539 pounds in the eleven months of last year to 37,696.766 pounds In the eleven months of 1898; from 91,121,191 pounds to 715,500 pounds, ancH the Netherlands from 22,705,164 pounds to I 2,308,083 pounds. The total importations of I manufactures of Iron and steel fell fromJ $14,705,097 in the eleven months of last year! to $11,735,475 this year, while during the samel months our exportations of iron and steell increased from $51,187,175 to $63,235,029. Thus! our exportations of manufactures of iron ' and steel in the present year are more than five times as much as our imports of iron and steel. Os tin plate the imports for the eleven months of the present year are only 163.408,381 pounds, against 215,233.427 pounds in the corresponding months of last year, thus making it apparent that the total importations of tin plate for the full fiscal year will be less than one-half that of 1896, less than one-third that of 1893, and less than one-fifth that of 1891.

The Demand for Stamps. New York Evening Post. It is possible that the government may succeed in satisfying the most urgent demands for stamps before the Ist of July, but if it should rail, it is certainly the duty of Congress to pass a general act legalizing transactions that will be illegal under the present statute. If it be urged that such a statute will encourage law-breaking, it is sufficient to reply that the present statute compels law-breaking. The government will have obtained the revenue so far as it has furnished the necessary means, and it ought not to exact it otherwise. Example for the Queen. Kansas City Journal. All Spaniards do not look alike to us. Countess Predosa, whose father three brothers are officers in the Spanish army, has taken out naturalization papers at Chicago and says she will rear her sons to honor the stars and stripes. The countess has lived in the United States ten years. Here is an example for the Queen Regent, who is a most estimable woman, and has shown the tenderest solicitude for the welfare of her son, little King Alfonso. The Only Possible Transaction. Washington Star. “Well,” said the Spaniard, as he turned in for his siesta, “there’s no use of our borrowing trouble.” "I know it,” replied the minister of finance, “but it’s the only thing we can get without collateral.” A Dorn Fighter. Philadelphia Record. If the Spaniards do not succeed In killing Theodore Roosevelt the country will hear much more of him before he shall die. Whether in time of war or peace he is a born fighter, with rare Jacksonian stuff in him. No Campfires. Kansas City Journal. Come to think of it. however, there will not be much sitting around the camp fire In this war. It la mightily destructive of the poetic qualities in the situation, but men will find it warm enough sitting around the equator. An/ Unsatisfactory Feature. Chicaao Times-**** The Indiana poets are holding a convention at Winona, Ind. Otherwise the war situation seems to be very satisfactory. Evidence. Chicago Post. The evidence of the fact that "Old King Coal was a merry old soul” lies in the fact that he Is having fun with Spain. So Far. Kansas City Journal. 8o far, the Spaniards have failed to make the American pig squeal.