Indianapolis Journal, Volume 48, Number 6, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 January 1898 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL THURSDAY, JANUARY 6. 1898. Washington Office—lso3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Call*. Business 0ffice......238 i Editorial Rooms...A 86 TERM* OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY BY MAIL. Daily only, one month f ‘.TO Daily only, three ninths 2.0 V Daily only, one year B.C) Daily. including Sunday, one year 10.00 Sunday only, one year 2.00 WHEN FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Daily, jier week, by carrier 1® cts Sunday, single copy acts Daily and Sunday, per week, by carrier 20 cts _ WEEKLY. .. Per year SI.OO Keduced Hates to Claim. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or •end subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Inti. Persons serding the Journal through the malls In the United States should put on ar. eight-page Paper a GAE-CENT postage stamp; or. a lMrel\e or sixteen-page paper a TWO-CENT postage stamp. Foreign postage is usually double thest rates. AH communications intended for publication in this paper must, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the Writer. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the following places: NEW YORK—Aster House. CHICAGO—PaImer House. P. O. News Cos.. 217 Dearborn street, and Great Northern Hotel. CINCINNATI—J. R. Hawley & Cos., 1f.4 Vine street. LOUISVILLE—C. T. Leering, northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. BT. LOUlS — Union News Company, Union Depot. Washington, p. c.—risks House, Ebbitt House cpd Willard’s Hotel. Ohio Republicans are setting a good example for those of other States not to follow. Governor Bushnell, of Ohio, is in a fair way t(| discover that all honest men despise a traitor. It is no exaggeration to say that the relations between Governor Bushnell and the Republican party in Ohio are decidedly strained. j Those Ohio men who are so intent on setting firo to the Hanna grass seem to forget they have an interest in the Republican stacks in the same field. . John R. McLean has been saying that if he* should be able to defeat Senator Hanna with a free-silver Republican he would be the logical Democratic candidate for President. There are Democrats whom this avowal would startle. The present impression Is that the Spanish power in Cuba has waned under Blanco, while the scheme of autonomy is a clear failure. And yet the insurgents seem to lack the power to do more than hold their own. VThis means that the war in Cuba will contiaue. It is said that President McKinley has made some concessions to the oppbnents of the civil-service law by indicating his intention to exempt from the operation of the law certain positions now protected by it. As this merely involves modification of the rules it is quite within the power of the President to do it.

Those w’ho are disposed to think lightly of the value of experiment stations and agricultural departments in colleges should not fail tc recognize the fact that in the meetings of farmers the past two days the two most valuable papers came from Purdue, one on the hog cholera and another on the culture of sugar beets. In spite of the protests of Judge Lawrence, the head of the national sheep-growers’ organization, against the present wool schedule of the tariff law while it was pending, the wool growers in this State report themselves to be reasonably well satisfied with that legislation. It certainly has put that important Industry upon a sound basis, which will not again be unsettled for years. The United States has begun the Issue of another dally publication. We say another because it already issues three—the Congressional Record during the sessions of Congress and the daily Weather Bulletin and dally Postal Bulletin the year round. These are not newspapers in the large sense of the term, but they interest a great many people. The new daily publication is issued by the State Department under the title of "Advance Sheets of Consular Reports,” and Is intended for circulation among American merchants, manufacturers, shippers and others who desire to extend their business in foreign countries. Monthly issues of the consular reports have been made for some years, but the daily bulletin will disseminate the information much more promptly. It is one of the afflictions of small but active men that they cannot see their limitations. Mr. Kurtz, of Ohio, had been useful in several subordinate positions and as chairman of the Republican state committee. He is large enough for oil inspector, but he was ambitious to be United States senator when Mr. Hanna was appointed. He thought he was to have the position and had electrotypes made, but at last Governor Bushnell could not favor him. Mr. Kurtz could not see that he is little more fit for United States senator than was the Chicago alderman who aspired to that honor. Consequently he is very wroth with Mr. Hanna. If men could learn the class of service for which they are fitted much of the trouble we have in this world would be avoided. The census of INK) gave Madison county a population of 36,487, making It the eighth in the State in point of population. The Anderson Bulletin thinks the census of 1900 will give the county a population of 94,000, with a possibility of exceeding 100,000. This estimate gives Anderson 20,000, Elwood 15,000, Alexandria 8,000, Pendleton 2.000 and other towns in the natural gas belt a corresponding increase over IS9O. The Bulletin thinks its estimate decidedly conservative, and that “with anything like the Increase going on now, during the time intervening until the next census being maintained we are likely to shew a population of 100,000.” The whole State will Join in congratulating Madison county on this evidence of prosperity and in hoping it may be progressive and permanent. Mr. Curtis, Washington correspondent of the Chicago Record, calls attention to the fact that last October he exposed the treachery of Kurtz in Ohio and described the alliance he and his followers had made with John R. McLean and Allen O. Myers to defeat Mr. Hanna. His statement was denied by the accused with great indignation, but Mr. Curtis says that before the election ho learned from Democratic sources that Kurtz had already agreed with the Democrats to turn the Legislature over to them If Hanna tould not be beaten in any other way, and that the contract was approved both by Governor Bushnell and Senator Fc-aker, although the latter was on the stiimn eulnelzlnsr Mr Hanna and advocat-

ing his election. Such a charge, coming from Mr. Curtis, Senator Foraker cannot afford to Ignore unless it can be sustained. AN IHREI’RESSIULE CONFLICT. Among the local expressions of opinion regarding the monetary commission’s plan of currency reform is one by Hon. John W. Kern, which probably voices a good deal of Bryan sentiment throughout the country. He complains that "care was taken that six and one-half millions of American voters who did not vote for McKinley should be Ignored.” He has searched the report and plan in vain for any recognition of the financial vagaries preached by Mr. Bryan last year, including the free coinage of silver at the obsolete ratio of 16 to 1. The local organ of what is left of Bryanism also condemns a plan which "excludes Mayor Taggart and City Attorney Kern, together with the rest of the six and one-half millions of voters who supported Bryan in 1896.” Candor compels the admission that this view is correct. The commission’s plan of currency reform does utterly ignore the financial views expressed by the Chicago platform and advocated by Bryan find the six and one-half millions of voters who supported him. It not only treats them as unworthy of consideration in any plan for placing the finances and currency of the country on a sound and stable basis, but it antagonizes them in such a way as to show that the framers of the plan regarded them as vicious and dangerous and deserving to bo fought to the death. That was the position of the advocates of sound money last year, and if six and one-half million voters cast their ballots for those views—truly an alarming and threatening number —seven million and one hundred thousand voted against them, thus committing the country to the policy of sound money and currency reform. The monetary commission’s plan represents the views of the majority, not the minority. The Bryanites have no special ground of complaint against that plan. Every other plan of currency reform suggested since the election of McKinley—and there have been scores of them from quarters entitled to great respect—ignores the views embodied in the Chicago platform and advocated by Mr. Bryan as completely as the commission’s plan does. The mistake made by those who are still coddling the corpse of Bryanism and floating around on the wreckage of the Chicago platform is in not understanding that there is an irrepressible conflict between them and the advocates of sound and currency reform on honest lines. If Mr. Bryan had been elected he would immediately have inaugurated a financial policy which would have ignored the views of his opponents as completely as all plans of currency reform now before the country ignore his views. He would not even have waited for Congress to meet before giving practical effect to the doctrines of the Chicago platform. He w T ould have placed the government, and thereby the currency, on a silver basis in less than a week after his inauguration. In a political sense and by his acts, he would have said, “To hell with your gold standard and currency reform,” and if the sound-money voters had objected, he would have reminded them that he had been elected by the people for that very purpose. The election of McKinley meant as much in the other direction. It was in effect a popular instruction to him and his administration and to Congress to establish the finances and currency of the country on principles diametrically opposed to those advocated by the defeated candidate. In this war of the standards, this conflict of principles, there is no more room for compromise than there was in the war between freedom and slavery. It is an irrepressible conflict, and must be settled in favor of the right or in favor of the wrong. If the supporters of Bryan and Bryanism had got into power they could have settled it their w'ay, but having been defeated they have no right to complain it their views are ignored in all plans of sound finance and currency reform.

AMERICAN MONEY IN EUROPE. The Financial Chronicle estimates that the merchandise balance of foreign trade in our favor between July 1 and Jan. 1 was more than $300,000,000. The greater part of this large sum has been liquidated by securities which Europe has sent back to us and by other liabilities which a roving people create in visiting across the ocean. Still, over and above all these absorptions of the trade balance, there remains in London and Berlin at this time $60,000,000 of money which belongs to citizens of the United States. Os this there can be no doubt, because the bills on London are held in New York banks. Why is this? Why is the money of a people who are always classified as borrowers retained in Europe? There can be but one answer to these questions, and that is that the money is worth more in Europe than in the United States. In view of the past, it is hard to conceive that such is the fact, but it must be, unless money owners have lost their reputed sagacity in discovering the best rates of inin the world for their money. The gilt-edged security offered in London and Berlin is better property to hold as an investment than similar securities in the United States. The gilt-edged railroad stocks and bonds, with the improvement in business, do not yield above per cent. Because the State of New York can readily borrow- money at 3 per cent., Indiana can do the same. Something better than this rate can he realized through the money markets of Europe. The question arises. Why is it that investors are content to take 3 and Stg per cent, when there appears to be such a field for investment In Industrial and business enterprise, which would yield a much better return? There aro large areas of country on the Pacific slope which are not onethird settled, and which, under ordinary circumstances, would afford double the returns on money carefully invested that it earns invested in securities which are perfectly sound. Years ago men took such risks; the reason they do not do so now Is that they have not entire confidence in the future of money. If the shadow of the free coinage of silver could be chased away and the currency of the country could be placed upon a sound basis, American money would not remain in Europe to earn 3V3 or # per cent, interest. The bolting of a few Republican members or even Democratic members of a Legislature to defeat the regular candidate is not anew thing. The Ohio treachery presents some new- features, it is true. Men who had pledged themselves have broken their pledges, and men who have long professed to be loyal Republicans are now known to have been conspiring with John R. McLean to defeat Mr. Hanna long before the election. Never before has a candidate indorsed by a state convention. and by eighty-four of eighty-eight county conventions, been bolted by a faction. Senator Zacharlah Chandler was once defeated by an irregular Republican who wag Elad to resign before his

TIIE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, THURSDAY, JANUARY <5, ioo.

term had been completed. Senator Carpenter experienced a similar defeat in Wisconsin. growing out of his championship of the salary grab. Senator Washburne was defeated three years ago in Minnesota by Governor Nelson after he had received the party nomination. Perhaps the bolt which may be said to have changed national affairs for more than four years w’as the defeat of General Logan in Illinois, in January, 1877. The Republicans had but one or two majority, but one member would not vote for General Logan, consequently there was a deadlock. One day the name of Judge Davis, of the Supreme Court of the United States, was sprung upon the Assembly, and after tw'o or ballots he was elected. At that time Judge Davis did not belong to either party, but he was suspected of presidential aspirations. It was at this time that the controversy over the counting of the electoral vote was agitating the country—Hayes and Tflden being the candidates. The Democrats in. both branches of Congress had supported the bill creating the electoral commission, composed of an equal number of senators and representatives and an odd number of the associate justices of the Supreme Court. The Democrats confidently expected that Judge Davis, supposed to be favorable to them, would have the easting vote on the commission, but his unexpected election to the Senate made such a selection impossible for the reason that he resigned his position as judge. The result was that a Republican was given the casting vote and Mr. Hayes was elected. The exports of corn during the four weeks which closed the year aggregated 15,400,000 bushels, compared with 9,400,000 during the corresponding period of last year. This means that a higher price for wheat has compelled a substitution of corn for food in Europe. This is an encouraging fact for the corn belt. When Europe shall come to appreciate the worth of corn as food it will abandon black bread if it can. This observation recalls the fact that the wheat millers are asking Congress to enact a law which will prevent the mixing of corn flour with wheat flour and selling both as wheat, which is just now worth much the most. On general principles such mixture or adulteration should be prevented for various reasons, one of which is that those who purchase wheat flour and pay a wheat-flour price should have what they purchase. The testimony of those who are accustomed to the use of wheat flour and corn meal or flour is that the mixture makes a very unsatisfactory and unwholesome bread. Someone has suggested that if no one can tell the difference between the mixture and the pure wheat flour no harm is done. That is a hasty conclusion. If corn will make a flour just as good for all practical purposes as wheat it is very much against the interests of the corn-producing belt that its great staple be so undervalued. Large sections of the earth produce wheat, but thus far but one corn belt is known, and we have it. if corn makes as good flour as wheat, it is immensely for our advantage to know it. There are those that think it a dreadful thing that Boss Croker and Mr. Bryan’s friends are parleying- about h.s candidacy and platform. Croker is a bad iot, and it is very humiliating to think that he is in a position to say a potential word as to whom the Democratic candidate for President shall be, but Boss Croker and Tammany, with its odious record, are less to be feared than the syndicate of American and foreign silver mine owners who would force this country into company with China and Mexico with silver monometallism. Postoffico officials in Greater New York are having much trouble with letters improperly or insufficiently addressed. Much of the trouble grows out of the fact that several of the boroughs constituting the new city have streets of the same name. For instance, there are five Broadways, one in Manhattan, one partly in the Bronx and partly in Manhattan, one in Brooklyn, one in Queens, and one in Richmond. A letter addressed to any number “Broadway. New Y’ork,” would be confusing. A postoffice official is reported as saying: The work of this bureau will be greatly complicated for some time to come, until the smart ones get tired of their little game and others learn that they must address the letters in the same way as they did before Jan. 1. Letters for Brooklyn should he addressed to Brooklyn, and letters for Long Island City should be addressed to that place, for the postoffiee there is still the Long Island City postoffice. The same holds true of all the other towns and hamlets that have become a part of the city, until, at least, the tangle of street names has been straightened out.

Great Britain is not above stealing if she has to do so, but she is sufficiently intelligent to distinguish the dividing line between necessity and mere wantonness in pilfering. She j^rill not steal if she can get the desire of her heart otherwise—but she will get the property. All she wanted from China was a first mortgage on real estate, and she got it. And that virtually means possession of the empire ultimately and the outwitting of the entire coterie of other European powers. What does Corbett want? He should give that whisky and Worcester sauce a chance, and then to whip such a part of Fitzsimmons as that concoction leaves of him would be an easy task. That particular brand of booze is a worse opponent than either Corbett or McCoy, and doesn’t fight at such long range, neither does it ever strike below the belt. Traveling across the Missouri plains and fastnesses is safe and pleasant enough, but the travelers begin to hide their valuables and hold their breath when the train enters the corporate limits of Kansas City. There have been six hold-ups within the city limits of that place within less than a year and a half. Bates or Gates, the Chicago seven-wived bigamist, has been promoted from the position of head freak in a dime museum to that of a very common attraction in the penitentiary. Such is fame. It is probable that the only writ of habeas corpus that will be honored in the Durrant case will be that of the undertaker. RI RULES IN THE AIR. He Ought to Hnve Perished. “Ah." said the salmon, shudderingly, as he slipped back into the river, “1 really feel uncanny.” The Cornfetl Philosopher. “The philanthropist,” said the Cornfed Philosopher, ‘‘is often a man with much charity for everybody and none for anybody.” Protection. "I understand now,” said she. "what he meant by vowing to give me protection all my life if I would marry him. He meant an increase of my duties, but no increase of revenue.” The Cheerful Idiot. "Many a man,” said the metaphysical boarder, "has a dual nature.” “I suppose you call it a duel nature,” said the Cheerful Idiot, "when he is what the novelists call at war with himself.” Murk Twuln'a Hook. Springfield Republican. Mark Twain’s new book has already sold to the extent of 10,000 copies in England, where it is known as "More Tramps

Abroad," and it is expected to double that record. It is a pleasant symptom of literary activity that the author, -who is still in Vienna, has sent to London for anew supply of his favorite copy paper, quarto size, and rather thin, which he is unable to get in Austria. He writes a very legible hand, but like most authors of the time, is in the habit of having his manuscripts typewritten before sending them to the printer. The typewriter who copied "More Tramps Abroad ’ was honored in a very unusual manner by having her name added, like that of the printer. There is something to be said in behalf of the practice, for the accuracy of printing depends in considerable measure upon the care and skill of the transcriber. OHIO'S POLITICAL TROUBLE. The Republicans of Ohio are making spectacles of themselves, much to the delight of the Democrats—Greenfield Republican. The fight among Ohio Republicans is the natural outgrowth of the spoils system. If there were no spoils to be giver, out there would be no quarrel.—Crawfordsville Journal. As for the deserting Republicans, who have ignored their party’s indorsement of a candidate for the United States Senate, and the caucus nominations for officers of the legislative body, no expletives can be too severe in denunciation of their conduct. —Lafayette Courier. The Republicans of Ohio have in hand a case that requires nothing on their part but devotion to the sound-money candidate for the Senate, whom t,he people of Ohio have already indorsed, apd for whom the Republican party has formally declared.—Terre Haute Express. We can hardly find words sufficient to express our disgust at the attitude those few miserable Ohio whelps have placed themselves in in order to betray the party which has disgraced itself by honoring them. Governor Bushnell should be kicked out of the party instanter. and the little fellows in the Legislature who have followed in his slimy wake should only be remembered as a stench.—Connersville News. It Is regrettable that Senator Foraker is not individually great enough to arise above bis own ambitions and aid Senator Hanna to re-election. He seems to forget that other men have clubs and can wield them. He depends upon his skill at arms to justify a course that is defiant of public sentiment. He is mistaken in acting as though he were strong enough to build up a party unto himself.—Lafayette Call. It has come to a pretty pass when the Republican Governor of the great State of Ohio, and the chairman of the state central committee, wdth the silent consent of the senior senator ot that State, Foraker, should join forces with the slick John R. McLean to defeat the candidate of the Republican party for the senatorship of the United States. Hanna was indorsed by the state convention, and good politics, fair play and the fitness of things would all suggest his election without controversy.—Noblesville Ledger. The opposition of Republicans to Mr. Hanna is personal. The means they have taken to gratify their vindictive feelings, by partnership with the enemy, is treason to their party organization. Governor Bushnell has lent himself to their schemes, and with the others has earned the hearty contempt of pvery loyal Republican. For' purely personal reasons he and they are threatening the party peace, and by collusion with the avowed party enemies are robbing it of influence and advantages fairly won at the polls.—Rushville Repuudcan. Hanna is entitiejl to be elected senator, if the election in Ohio meant anything last fall. He was the party nominee In the state convention and wa3 recognized as the party’* choice in the State if the Republicans were successful. The Republicans were successful, and by all rules of honesty, outside of politics, ! are In duty bound to east the party vote for Hanna. The Herald does not believe in a great deal of bossism. which is too prevalent, but the place to sit down on it is in conventions, and not after the boss has won a party battle at the polls.—Anderson Herald. Readers of this paper will bear in mind that it predicted several years ago that unless the factional fight among Republicans in Ohio was adjusted the party of the whole country would be the loser in the end. If Mark Hanna should be defeated after being indorsed for United States senator at the state convention and making the entire Ohio campaign last year us the ora n candidate of the Republicans of the State bv a few disgruntled Republicans, with Governor Bushnell ir, the lead, Tt will be seen that our prediction, made long before Hanna became a factor In national polities, will have come true.—Warsaw 'rimes. The Republicans who have joined the enemy to defeat the expressed wishes of the party in Ohio have made a record for infamy that has rarely been equaled in modern politics. With them it has not been mere opposition to Mr. Hanna. They have simply allowed themselves to be used by Foraker and Bushnell to gratify a personal spite. If we are not mistaken in the character of the mass of Ohio Republicans, they will resent the perfidy of these renegades by relegating them to the dishonorable obscurity they so richly deserve. As for Foraker and Bushnell, the Republicans of the whole country have become very tired of their political cut-throat methods, and will hail with delight their retirement from the high and undeserved places they now occupy.—Richmond Palladium.

THE NEW CURRENCY PLAN. The proposed scheme of monetary reconstruction is the most radical yet suggest - ed.—Springfield (Mass.) Republican (Ind.) To turn from government notes to bark notes would not be currency reform. It would be currency retrogression.—Boston Herald (Ind.) The Indianapolis monetary commission having been successfully delivered of a financial reform plan, there is nothing for the rest of the world to do hut look happy and interested.—Chicago News (Ind.) In another column will be found the effort of the Indianapolis monetary commission. The article is interesting in so far as it shows how little there is in the plan proposed. Memphis Commercial Appeal (Dem.) It may not he possible to command immediate public approval of all its details. The first purpose is to unify public sentiment in behalf of some positive, intelligent action by Congress at this session in the interests of currency reform.—Boston Journal (Rep.) The impudence in the contention of the Indianapolis money lenders’ convention that the committee formed by it to attempt the destruction of American money was a “monetary commission” was brazen rather than golden, and its creature is not more modest.—Washington Times (Dem.) A great truth is enunciated almost at the cutset, when the commission says that the concurring habits of mankind fix the standard by which to measure the value of labor and property, and that governments cannot try to change this standard without making m’sehief. The truth goes right to the root of the free-silver coinage question. —Boston Advertiser (Rep.) There may be differences of opinion as to details in the report made by the Indianapolis monetary commission, but its main features must be accepted by all friends of sound money. * * * The convention which one year ago appointed this commission was made up of representative business men, and its fin lings are free from any suspicion of partisanship or partiality to banking interests.—New York Herald (Ind.) The report of the monetary commission, an unofficial and unauthorized body of would-be currency reformers, has at last been made public. To the mass of the people the report will read like Greek, while to the initiated who can analyze it from an unbiased but patriotic standpoint it shows at once the dangers that would threaten the American people were Congress to adopt the recommendations of this commission.—Boston Times (Dem.) Indiana Opinion. The document as a whole is a monument of thought and will as a whole commend Itself to reasonable men of all parties, and If a. campaign must be fought about it the party that fights for the financial policy therein presented is the party that will triumph, if truth triumps.—Fort Wayne Gazette. The report of the monetary commission is now before the country for discussion. It is comprehensive in its scope and serves to throw a good deal of light on the subject of currency and banking reform. It is believed this report will prove a potent agent in educating the people to a realization of the situation. —Crawfords’dlle Journal. The report of the commission is admirably clear and comprehensive. It is the work of an able body of men who are sincere in their efforts to secure a much-need-ed reform In the present currency system.

without regard to politics or politicians. It will give Congress something tangible and practical to work upon, and it is to be hoped that the important features of the report will be enacted into a law.—Marion News. The monetary commission’s currency-re-form plan Is very comprehensive in its scope, but very simple in its language, keeping constantly In view the importance of avoiding complex arguments and confusing details. With perhaps one exception —that approving a national-bank circulation based on assets instead of bonds—the Item can give the plan hearty commendation. Even in this one difference it is but fair to say the commission, which has given it long and thorough consideration, is more likely to be right than one who has not had the advantage of its many-sided view. —Richmond Item. CURRENT PERIODICALS. The Pocket Magazine, published by the Frederick A. Stokes Company, for January. contains stories by Clinton Ross. S. Baring-Gould, Charles Kelsey Gaines. Duftield Osborne and Willis Emery. A picture of Mrs. McKinley appears on the cover of the Ladles’ Home Journal for January. One of the features of the magazine for the year is a serial story by Hamlin Garland, called “The Doctor.” Several very good short stories are in the number. In the current Cosmopolis 1. Zangwlll projects himself into the personality of the poet Heine and relates an episode in his life, setting forth at the same time what he assumes to be Heine’s views on certain matters of life and death. It is rather a daring venture. In Municipal Affairs, the quarterly published by the New York Reform Club, is a discussion of municipalization of electric lighting and power, by Mr. R. R. Bow'ker and Prof. J. R. Commons. Other contributions to the number relate to “Municipal Art.” “Greater New York a Century Hence.” “Municipal Gas in Philadelphia” and “Improved Tenement Houses for American Cities.” The Metropolitan Magazine for January has a biographical sketch of Chauncey Depew, one of Maud Gonne, Ireland's Joan of Arc; a paper on the American game of football, an account of the Aston? as landlords, a description of the training of a great prima donna, as exemplified in Madame Sebrich; an article on the chainless wheel and a sketch of Richard Mansfield. The magazine is embellished by numerous illustrations, consisting mainly of portraits of stage people. W. A. Rogers, well known through his work In Harper’s Weekly and other periodicals, tells the readers of the Art Amateur about wash drawing and the color tones belonging to black and white studies. “Sketching from Nature,” is the subject of an instructive paper by C. A. Vanderhoof. Roth articles are illustrated by the writers. Other features of the number are a paper on artistic photography and an account of the work of E. A. Burbank, of Chicago, an artist who has made a reputation as a painter of Indian portraits. If any there be who care to know what Maurice Maeterlinck thinks of Emerson they can find his opinions set forth in the current number of Poet-Lore, having been translated for that magazine by the editors. Other papers suited only to the elect who dwell in a sublimated literary atmosphere treat of “Ibsen and the Ethical Drama of the Nineteenth Century,” “Renaissance Pictures in Robert Browning’s Poetry,’ "Kindliness as an Element of Faith Illustrated in Literature,” together with several poems and bits of fiction. Study programmes in Shakspeare and Browning, book reviews and literary note and comment make up the number. In the January number of the Review of Review's Charles A. Conant, secretary of the Monetary Commission, compares the several plans for currency reform before Congress, namely, President McKinley’s, Secretary Gage’s and that of the Monetary Commission. A paper by William Howe Tolman reviews New' York city’s progress under Mayor Strong. Lord Brassey writes of the position of the British navy, and Hon. Theodore Roosevelt has a letter commenting on his article, this letter being followed by the report of the secretary ot the navy on the present condition, needs and prospects of our navy. “An Austrian” writes of “The Future of Austria-Hun-gary.” He thinks that the country is doomed to division and only needs the spark in the powder barrel to bring about the partition. The current number of the International Studio has for its frontispiece a color plate of weird design called a nocturne. It is a light green lady standing against a vivid blue background and clothed only in yell-ow'-green hair. Behind some unwholesome looking green weeds is a yellow object which may be a pumpkin, but is possibly intended for the moon. The woman, naturally enough, seems in distress. Tills drawing. which is labeled "decorative,” is doubtless artistic, but only the elect can appreciate its merits. Another plate in the number, after a P'rench water color, is more within the ordinary comprehension and is quite pleasing, both in drawing and color effects. The black and white illustrations in this beautiful periodical are of great variety and well executed. The American supplement to the Studio is unimportant. The January Arena contains an article by Mr. Augustus Lynch Mason, ex-president of the Citizens’ Street-railroad Company of Indianapolis, on the subject of municipal ownership. He presents the arguments for and against such ownership of semi-public institutions, but does not express himself as unqualifiedly in favor of one system or another, saying that the question of control of such business by any city is local in character. "The great advantages to the people, particularly to those of small income, likely to accrue from the municipal operation of street railways, gas, electric light, and water works at cost,” he says, “depend at last upon efficiency and honesty of administration. Many friends of this reform fear that municipal administration would break down at this point. Every successful business man knows that there must be a constant study of the expense account, rigid economy and scrupulous honesty in the management of these large enterprises. Useless employes must not be tolerated upon the pay roll; able-bodied men must do a full day’s work for a full day’s pay. Rigorous discipline, prompt discharge for serious onenses. tireless vigilance in preventing waste, sloth, and dishonesty are essential to a. successful conduct of the business. If it is not so managed, the cost of operation will immediately increase. Conservative persons, having the public interest at heart, often believe that, if a city undertakes these enterprises they will be conducted so expensively that the people will pay as much for these public services as they do now. To this may be answered, that if such a thing took place the people would be no worse off than they are now. Yet it Is inconceivable that public administration could be so wasteful and dishonest as to absorb in expense the arge profits which accrue to private owners.” In conclusion he says: “The chief danger of failure in such experiments lies in undertaking them without carefully framed laws for their government. Unless there are requisite legal safeguards, municipal proprietorship would likely prove an economic failure, and would thus discredit the people’s cause.”

RUSSIA’S PRISON HORRORS. I 'Mine Prisoners in Chains ns Beasts of Burden. London News. The presence of a batch of d®!R’icts in Odessa. Russia, for deportation to Saghalien. has occasioned the publication of various accounts of the treatment received by the prisoners in that island, and if the numerous stories are true Saghalien must be a veritable inferno. Eye-witnesses relate that a common sight is that of shackled human beings worked to a huge curt, whose weight tries the strength of their underfed bodies to the uttermost. These men are demoralized by the brutality of their surroundings and the cruelty of the officials, who are ever ready to have recourse to the knout to enforce submission. An attempt to escape is punished with ten years’ extra imprisonment, and it needs only one or two failures to break away to bring about an unfortunate prisoner’s residence in this “slough of despond.” One form of treatment *s the coupling of the shackles which ensheath a prisoner’s ankles to a wheelbarrow. This the victim must drag night and day for months, perhaps till the iron inflames the flesh and the legs mortify. His comrades may mercifully souk the feet and forcibly puli off the bands—a process which is attended with the most excruciating agony, but which is eagerly borne. The knouting of a man is a scene of incredible barbarity. The victim is mounted on a specially constructed wowen horse and his buck is hared. The scourge is applied with such violence that at each stroke pieces of flesh are torn away and the blood from the wounds bespatters the face of the executioner. Such is the horror of Saghaiien that men and women go mad and lunatics are to be found hiding in quiet places. All the women are more or less demented. Their lot is peculiarly unhappy. They are given to the bachelor convicts—men whom for the most part they have never seen before.

Even those who are not convicts lose their reason, as witness the story of Mile. Naumofa. This lady had devoted her life to the rescue of children in this unhappy spot, and for years has spread a light and comfort around her, but in a paroxysm of madness induced by the soul-torturing surroundings she shot herself. Her work was laken up by three ladies; one of these shot herself, the second went raving mad, and the third married a warder. THE MISSION OF CHRIST. Invasion n mi Christianixatlon of China Would Be In Harmony with It. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: Not long ago the phrase "’Peace on earth and good will among men” appeared in a Journal editorial in such a connection as to imply that if China shall be divided among the Western powers it will indicate a failure of so much of the enunciation message as is contained in the quotation. As the very reverse would be the truth, allow me to call attention to a few prevailing misconceptions of the mission of the Christ. As that which regards Him as the author of anew religion underlies most. If not all, the others, let me say He w r as not in any sense. He was born a Jew, lived a Jew and died a Jew, having all His life scrupulously observed every jot and tittle of the law as given b>' Moses, though from the beginning of His ministry hurling anathemas at the traditions and commandments of men which rendered much of the law' void. It w'as to eliminate these from the creed of His times and to extend the benefits of that law to all people that He lived and died. That model prayer which is repeated by all Christians is not a Christian prayer in any distinctive or exclusive sense. It is only such a prayer as any devout Jew' may offer who recognizes the fatherhood of God and the true inwardness of the law as given by Moses. The same is true of the Sermon on the Mount. There is not a word distinctively Christian in that, beyond the light it throws upon the spirit and intent of the law as given by Moses. That His immediate disciples understood His m.ssion in no other light is seen in the fact that they themselves observed all the services of the temple as long as the temple remained, as did all Jews who accepted Him as the promised Messiah. At first, so little did the thought of anew church enter into their conception of the purpose of His advent, life and death, that some insisted on requiring all the ceremonies of the temple of those who believed in Him from among the gentiles, but other counsels prevailed as to these, and ultimately the Jewish ceremonies were wholly abandoned by Christians and the two branches of the one church drifted apart as it is to-day. Meanwhile, that marvel of the centuries, the Jewish people, continues. They mix with all peoples, yet remain distinct, observing the law of Moses as it is handicapped by tradition, yet maintaining the high morality of that law' to such a degree that they are the bankers and merchants of the world, while their poor are so cared for that a Jew is seldom found in a public almshouse or in a penal institution. When that good time comes, as come it will, that the .Jews shall recognize in the Man of Galilee their Messiah, and the Christians shall have eliminated from their, creeds the traditions and commandments of men, which obscure the Christ as much to-day as did corresponding traditions obscure the spirit of the Mosaic law two thousand years ago, the sheep of these folds will come together into one fold under one Shepherd; and he reads the trend of thought in each branch of the one church imperfectly who does not recognize a Christward tendency from each direction. Every careful observer of the voice of the modern Christian puipit knows that the tendency is to exalt the Christ of the earliest days, a Christ denuded of many of the traditions of men w'ith which it has been burdened: while there is an earnest and honest searching of the Scriptures among the Jews to see if the Jesus of Nazareth was not He that was to come. Akin to this misconception of the mission of the Christ is the dogma that His mission relates wholly to spiritual things, whose primary purpose Is by some occuit process to prepare the soul for a happy hereafter, no matter how the life that now is may be spent. The very opposite is the truth. His expositions of the law of Moses enforce the high morality of that law as the essential law of life. In short, He taught men how to live, not how to die: emphasizinsr immortality as it never had been ernpt *!zed before, but teaching that its joys or sorsows depended more upon how a man lives than how he dies. By so much as this truth permeates the man and becomes the rule of his life, he becomes a better man, a better citizen, a better Christian. , Growing out of these ktndred misconceptions is that which crops out in the Journal’s application of the quotation referred to. In the face of the historic fact that the Christ armed His disciples with swords, and that they used them vigorously in His presence, it seems strange that anyone should ever teach that He is averse to the use of physical force when it becomes necessary. His rel gion is for man as he is, and hence just such an invasion of China as. now seems imminent is pre-eminently Christian. To comprehend the situation it must be remembered that the gospel comes to individuals only, never to nations or aggregations as such, these being affected only as the individuals composing them are affected. Then, remembering that the gospel, which is nothing more or less than the moral law of Moses restored to its primitive import by the precepts and examples of the Christ, claims time as an essential factor in producing its results, we are prepared to somewhat appreciate what seems to us its slow development. The Christ, referring to this element of its operations, compared it to a little leaven and its workings, a small seed and its development, but the finished product is no less the handiwork of God because thus reached than if it had been spoken into maturity by one word. Peace is to come to earth, but it is a peace that is to be conquered, the only type of peace that is abiding except that which reigns at Crown Hill—the peace of death. The invasion and conquest of China by Christian powers Is the inevitable outcome of the vital forces of Christianity. The thrift of the Jews is the marvel of the world, though they are handicapped by their traditions. The unvarying result of accepting the Christ as a personal savior and obeying His law' is thrift and knowledge and power. When the civilization of any people becomes Christian by the preponderance of Christian morality and aspirations and hopes, it becomes thrifty and intelligent and powerful, and,,therefore, aggressive and communicative. I’n this consists the great difference between the followers of the Christ and the followers of Buddha and Confucius and Mohammed. There is nothing ennobling or uplifting In their teachings. They do not make the individual any b“tier. hence nations composed of such individuals are not elevated beyond the brute force which numbers give. They have no public schools, no asylums for the poor or the unfortunate, no sentiment of brotherhood. At the best their civilization is semi-barbarous and they are hemmed in by geographical boundaries, while Christianity claims the tvorld as its field and the marts of the world as open or openable to its commerce. It may be a year, it may be a century before China will be under the control of Christianity, but it will be in time, and. whatever methods maybe used in bringing it about, the result will be the spreading of peace on earth and good will among men. U. L. SEE. Indianapolis, Jan. 5.

Semi Him 11 Hatch of Programme*. New York Commercial Advertiser. Sir Walter Besant wants to know something about our busy culture-seeking societies. Can’t Sorosis assist him? He writes: "Will fcome of my readers supply me with an account of the literary societies managed by and for the ladies in the country towns of the United States? I want to know in detail what they attempt and what they effect; their influence on the education and the culture of the members: whether they encourage original composition; whether they import lecturers: whether they lay down definite lines of study; in a word, I want to know, with as much fullness as possible, the whole work of these societies. I have been told, vaguely, that their influence on the members is wholly admirable. I believe it. from certain personal experiences. But I want details. Perhaps this question may fall into the hands of some American lady, herself a member of a literary society, in which case T would invite her to send me the papers and rules, and to explain the working of her society.’’ Accounting; for It. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Counterfeiting a silver dollar by the use of more silver than the genuine dollar contains is something of a reflection upon the white metal. No attempt has ever been made to manufacture a gold coin by using more than the lawful quanitity of material. This may account in some degree for the preponderance of gold hugs in the moHt enlightened nations of the earth. Probably. Kansas City Journal. It Is safe to say that if those nine bolting Ohio Republicans had announced in the campaign that they would not support Manna, lust nine of them would have failed of election.

ITS FIRST FIFTY YEARS VOLUME OX A HALF CENTURY OF SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Interesting History of tlio Bequest from Smltltaion, the Foreigner Who Never Visited the United States. ♦ New York Herald. The Smithsonian Institution at Washington celebrates the semi-centenary of its existence by the publication of a handsome volume edited by- George Brown Goode, and entitled “The Smithsonian Institution, 154918%: the History of Its First Half Century.” President McKinley writes a brief prefao*. He calls to mind that, in 17%. General Washington, in his farewell address, used these words: “Promote, then, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the gen-, eral diffusion of knowledge. In proportion as the structure of a government gives force to public opinion it is essential that public opinion should be enlightened." Thirty years later an Englishman, James Smithson, as though influenced by these words, bequeathed the whole of his property to the United States of America as residuary legatee, in trust, “to found at Washington an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowleugc among men.” A biography' of James Smithson reveals some curious facts which have always been public property, yet have not been generally known. Professor Langley, who writes the biography, necessarily touches upon tnem. He reminds us that the impulse which prompted this Englishman of science to leave his property as he did was hinted at in the following words written by Smithson himself: “The best blood of England flows in my veins; on my' father’s side 1 am a Northumberland, on my mother’s I am related to kings, but this avails me not. My name shall live in the memory of man when the titles of the Northumberlands and the Percey-s are extinct and forgotten.” The last sentence in this paragraph explains the genesis of the institution which perpetuates the name he bore in place of the title one he was denied. But the cxplanation needs to be explained. James Smithson, who was known in early life as James Lewis Made, was the son of Hugh Smithson, who eventually crowned a prosperous career by achieving the title of Duke of Northumberland, and of Elizabeth Keate Made, a widow at the time of his birth and a Percey by blood, who traced her descent directly from Henry VII. The stain of illegitimacy poisoned his entire career.

He distinguished himself by his achievements in chemistry and other allied sciences, both as an undergraduate at Oxford and in his subsequent career. His published papers represent only a fragment of what he really accomplished, for two hundred manuscripts were forwarded to the United States with his effects, and besides these thousands of detached notes and memoranda, Unhappily, with the exception of one small volume, nothing remains of all these, the whole of the originals having been destroyed in tbe disastrous tire at the institution in 1865, just one hundred years after the date of his birth. But it is known that they were connected not only with science, but with history, the arts, languages. rural pursuits, gardening, the construction of buildings and similar topics. Smithson died in Genoa. Italy (he had spent most of the later years of his life in Paris) on June 27, 1829. By his will, made a year previous, he had constituted the United States as his residuary legatee “to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.” The motives which actuated him to choose the United States rather than any other country must remain in doubt, for he had never been in the new world, and so far as known he had no correspondents there. But probably no man ever made a more remunerative investment in the direction in which he would best like to see a return. For we now know that his bequest, when accepted by the United States government, formed the initial step in the creation of an institution whose position has been altogether exceptional, for It is likely to remain without successor, as without precedent. in perpetuating the fame of a private individual, whose wishes have been adopted and carried into effect by a great nation. Smithson’s nephew. Henry James Hungerford, the immediate legatee, who was to enjoy the income during his life, died unmarried and without heirs in 1835. There was no one now to contest the claim of the United States except Hungerford’s mother, Mme. De la Batut, who declared nerself to be satisfied by the granting of a small annuity payable during her lifetime. The proposed gift of Smithson was first publicly announced bv President Jackson in a message to Congress, dated Dec. 17. 1835. There was considerable opposition In the Senate by the antagonists of centralization, who maintained that Congress had no power to accept the gift and that it would tie beneath the dignity of the Nation to receive bei>efits from a foreigner. In the House the championship of John Quincy Adams overcame all scruples and reacted upon the Senate so that a bill was passed to authorize and enable the President to assert and prosecute the claim of the United States to the Smithson legacy. Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, a lawyer of high standing, was sent to London as the attorney for the Nation. In less than two years he obtained a favorable c}ecLfi>ion. But it took eight years more befo4 a definite plan of organization was determined on. On Aug. 10, 1818. after numerous plans had been discussed und laid aside by successive Congresses, the bill to incorporate the Smithsonian Institution on the lines now generally familiar received the approval of Congress and the President, A board of regents was appointed at once, under the general supervision of the President and Vice President of the United States and the Cabinet officers. The executive officer of the board of regents is the secretary of the institution, who is elected by them. He makes all the uppoiniments on the staff, the members of which are technically his "assistants.” He is the legal custodian of all its property and ex olficlo its librarian and keeper of its museum. Since the organization or the board of regents, tifty years ago, the names of 129 persons have appeared upon its roll. Among tho 6 are a large number of the most distinguished citizens of the United States—men eminent in stat smanship, in governmental administration, in science, in literature and in arts. Each one of them has contributed his share to the prosperity of the institution by his counsel and good judgment. "Reviewing the history of fifty years,” says the editor, “one cannot fail to be impressed with tbe belief that Congress acted with great wisdom in detertn.ning the character of the corporation to which it intrusted the affairs of the institution. It was at first proposed that the directors of the institution should be citizens, selected like those of private institutions, without reference to official connection with the government during their time of service. The plan finally adopted brought the institution into much closer relationship with the government, securing for it the administrative supervision of a body of men the majority of whom have always been thoroughly representative members of the executive and legislative branches of the government—men in the prime of their vigor and trained in the highest administrative responsibilities.” He adds that, notwithstanding the fears expressed fifty years ago. the institution has never fallen under the Influence of political interference. “Pulls” have never been recognized. No sinecures have been created. No breath of suspicion has ever tarnished the reputation of an officer or employe. Three secretaries successively have held that office during the past half century. These are Joseph Henry, Spencer Fullerton Baird and the present incumbent, Samuel Pierpont Langley. Each Is commemorated in a biography wnich does full justice to his contributions to the cause of science. The great work done by the institution in furthering the objects of its founder In “the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men” is adequately set forth bv various experts. Portraits and biographies of the most famous of the regents and also of the various benefactors of the Institution add to the value of the volume*. A pathetic Interest is added by the fact that its preparation was first intrusted to Dr. James C. Welling, a regent, and on his death, in ISS4, was taken up by George Brown Goode, who. likewise, did not live to see the result of his labors given to the world. He died Sent. 6, 1896, leaving the manuscript practically completed. Tli# Slur of It. Kansas City Journal. Partisan Democrats are highly pleased with the course of Governor Bushnell. but they despise him just the same. Everybody hates n man who conspires with tho enemy to defeat his own party. #