Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 October 1897 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL THURSDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1897. W fsbington Office—lso3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Call*. Business Office 238 I Editorial Rooms...A 88 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY BY MAIL. . Pnlly only, one month • • Daily only, three months 2.00 Dally only, one year s.w Daily, Including Sunday, one year 10.00 Sunday only, one year 2.00 „ WHEN VURNIBHBD BY AGENTS. paiir, per week, by carrier °^ 8 Sunday, 6inj;ie copy ? cts Daily and fcfunday/per week, by carrier *0 cis „ WEEKLY. Per jear sl-00 Reduced Kates to Clubs. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or send subscriptions to THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, Indianapolis, Inti. Persons sending the journal through the mails in the United States should put on an eight-page Paper a ONE-CENT postage “tamp, on a twelve or sixteen-page papc-r a TWO-CEN f postage stamp. Foreign postage is usually double these rates. All communications intended for publication In this paper must, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the writer. If it is desired that rejected manuscripts be returned, postuge must In all cases be inclosed for that purpose. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the following places: NEW l’Oß.K—Windsor Hotel and Asior House. CHICAGO—PaImer House and P. O. News Cos., 2*7 Dearborn street. - CINCINNATI—J. R. Hawley & Cos., 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLB-rC. T. Leering, northwest corner of Tbi'd and Jeflereon streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. ST. LOUIS —Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C\—Riggs House. Ebbitt House, Willard’s Hotel and the Washington News Exchange, Fourteenth street, between Penn, avenue and F street. The Sentinel talks as if it were not altogether proud of Its ticket’s success after all. The first call of the mayor upon his newspapers was upon his faithful evening organ. The Sentinel must be on guard. The campaign served as a purifier, at all events. There will be no crookedness in administration affairs for at least six months. It is not likely that Captain General Weyler will embrace the opportunity of his return to Spain to visit the United .States. If the entire SIO,OOO was not expended on Pogue's run before the election the balance might be saved to the treasury by discharging the men. The evening Taggart organ ignores the influence of the organized brewing and saloon business in behalf of its candidate—the free and easy element. The silver "push” is waiting to see what part of the "goldbugs” in the mayor’s official family will bo dismissed to make place for themselves. There is likely to be a long wait. New York financial experts predict that four or five millions of gold will be imported weekly from this time to the end of December. This means a gain of $40,000,000 or $50,000,000. During the funeral services of the late Peter E. Studebaker most of the numerous factories of South Bend were closed and business generally suspended. It is not often that a private citizen is thus honored. At a free-silver Democratic meeting In Kentucky on Monday ex-Governor Proctor Knott Introduced William Jennings Bryan as “the foremost man in all the world.” Yet Professor Coin and Commonwealer Coxey are still living.

First Assistant Postmaster General Heath will visit Louisville on Friday next to make a personal investigation as to the necessity of establishing branch mail stations in that city. Like all other cities Louisville feels the wave of McKinley prosperity. When Mr. Bryan was asked at a meeting in Kentucky if he favored government ownership of railroads he answered that he did not want to see the government own the railroads as long as the Rothschilds owned the government. He forgets that we have a Republican administration now. Seventy thousand men are idle in England because of the engineers’ strike, which is now In the fourteenth week. The mustering of the militia at Hazleton, Pa., will cost the people SIOO,OOO. These incidents indicate that the sitrike is so expensive that some other means should be devised to settle differences. Indianapolis enjoys the unique distinction of having a mayor who made a speech to a crowd of his admirers from the top of a bar in a drinking shop. This, at least, is the story printed in yesterday’s Indianapolis News concerning Mayor Taggart, and as the News is a thick-and-thin Taggart organ it is probably true. It is a striking commentary on the inefficiency of American judicial methods that the case of Durrant, the California church murderer, should still be hanging in the Supreme Court of the United States. It never should have come before that tribunal. It should have been disposed of long ago by the California courts. The reports from New York city indicate that the German Democracy are returning to Tammany because their man was nominated for county clerk, that the stampede to George has ceased, and that a reaction has followed. The Democrats here recog 7 nize George as the regular candidate because he is made to indorse the 16 to 1 fad. According to the News the members of administration sire exponents of sweetness and light, but the Sentinel wants a legal investigation of affairs. The Sentinel may be making a blufT, but it knows, at all events, that something must be done to clear t*he administration of the etigma that even an election cannot wipe away. The labor commissioners of this State seem to have done excellent work in bringing about a settlement by arbitration of the window glass labor trouble at Anderson. The good service rendered by the commissioners in the coal miners’ strike and their success in this case shows that the law is a good one, and that they are in full sympathy with it. A New York man who w’as anxious to elect Mr. Low had a part in the attempted deal with the George managers. He was disgusted and expressed it in the opinion that "the Low candidates were just as anxious to be elected as those nominated by Tammany, and are willing to secure their election by the same means.” Thus are the professedly righteous lied about or found out— which? In spite of the assault of Bishop Merrill upon those Methodists who favor a change In the make-up of the general conference, the Rock Island Conference of Illinois declared almost unanimously for equal representation of the laity. As the good bishop

charged those who favored laity representation with heresy and told such men that they were not wanted in the Methodist Church, this action is in the nature of reproof. NOT A DEMOCRATIC VICTORY. The Taggart people all over she State are claiming the election of Mr. Taggart as a victory for the Chicago platform and the 16-to-l heresy. They are mistaken, as Democratic politicians always are—as they were two years ago when Mr, Taggart was first elected. The total vote for mayor was 37,400 in round numbers. The vote in the same territory last year was between 7,'000 and 3,000 in excess of Tuesday's vote. The poll books of both parties show that more than threefourths of the stay-at-homes w'ere Republicans. As soon as the polls were closed Democrats claimed Mr. Taggart’s election on the basis of the heavy Republican absenteeism. Upon the basis of a falling off of 7,000 votes, the absentees were made up of 5,250 Republicans and 1,750 Democrats. As between the two leading candidates for mayor, Mr. Taggart had 20,005 and Mr. Harding 16,101 votes. Add to Mr. Taggart’s 20,005 the 1,750 absentees and his vote would be 21,755. Add to Mr. Harding’s vote the 5,250 Republican absentees and the total of Republicans is 21,441, or a Democratic lead of 314. Further, it is generally conceded that 1,500 men who return their names as Republicans and who are quite certain to vote the Republican ticket at national .elections voted for Mr. Taggart on Tuesday. Take those 1,500 from the Taggart and add them to the Republican column and It stands, Taggart 20,255 and Republicans 22,941—a Republican lead of 2,686 in a national election. These are conservative estimates.

A CASE FOR THE GRAND JURY. On Thursday last, in treating editorially of the sewer scandal, and when the Journal had positive evidence that Sterling R. Holt, an office holder under the city government, had received $5,000 for the use of his influence in an official transaction, it said editorially: The matter has assumed a phase that involves his administration and calls for thorough investigation. In fact, it is a case for the grand jury. The law defines the character of Mr. Holt’s offense, and it is too serious to be condoned upon a ■ cere refunding of the money illegally an', corruptly received by him. The incident should not be permitted to close with his disgorgement. At that time and until after Holt’s resignation the other city papers denounced the Journal’s disclosure as a campaign lie. As Holt’s resignation made it impossible to do this any longer, they joined in trying to gloss the matter over and made it appear that Holt alone was implicated. Perhaps this is true. It was certainly good politics for the Taggart papers to assume that it was. Previous to the election it did not occur to either of them to indorse the Journal’s suggestion that the case was one for the grand jury. The election being over, however, the Sentinel, with characteristic zeal for ex post facto reform, comes out for a grand jury investigation. In an editorial yesterday it said: Whatever may be the facts, it is due to the taxpayers of the city, and to the good name of the city, that this transaction be probed to the bottom, and that any person found guilty,of any offense be promptly punished. The Sentinel demands that this be done, and this demand will be in type before the result of the city election will be known. It will not be altered, whatever the result of the election, and it will be insisted upon under any circumstances. This “demand” w’ould have been' more timely if it had been made as soon as the scandal was disclosed and before every effort had been exhausted to cover it up. But better late than never. The Journal welcomes the support of the Sentinel in this matter and repeats its statement of Thursday last, that the case is one for the grand jury. It does not even question the motives of the Sentinel, as it might fairly do in view of what it says further: Fulmer & Seibert, who are said to have paid the money, are Republicans. Sterling R. Holt, who is claimed to have received and repaid the money, has been in alliance with the Republicans for over a year past. If any Democrats have knowledge of the transactiop they are presumably guilty parties. For these reasons the Sentinel proposes to hold the Republican party politically responsible for any failure to investigate this scandal thoroughly and bring any guilty parties to justice. This shows a purpose or desire to make political capital out of the proposed investigation. It is true, we believe, that Fulmer & Seibert, the contractors, are Republicans, but it is not true that Holt “has been in alliance with the Republicans for over a year past.” He has been a Democratic office holder in daily consultation with and in the full confidence of Mayor Taggart. But let that pass. If there is any capital in this matter for the Democratic party they are welcome to it. Capital or no capital, the matter should be investigated. Let Messrs. Fulmer, Seibert, Holt, Robinson, Backus and all who have any personal knowledge of the transaction be summoned before the grand jury and made to tell what they know. If they throw suspicion on others,.let those also be summoned. Let the matter be probed to the bottom and let the grand jury do its duty fearlessly. We have heard much in the last few r days about this "beautiful city of homes” being disgraced by the publicity given to an official scandal. Let us know if it was a crime, as well, and then let us ask ourselves if the scandal was in the crime or the exposure of it. The grand jury will meet in less than a week, and the Journal hopes it will be instructed by Judge McCray to make a searching investigation of the whole business.

MR. PORTER’S OVERSIGHT. In this issue is printed the second article of Mr. Robert P. Porter on railroads. Like all of Mr. Porter’s work it contains a large amount of information which is both valuable and interesting. There are, how-ever, points upon which it is necessary to take issue with him when he compares the values of stocks of British with those of American railways. The first is a thickly settled country', while in the United States thousands of miles of roads have been built in localities which could not afford business at the time of construction to warrant the enterprise. Hostile legislation, upon which Mr. Porter lays great stress, has affected railroad properties to some extent, but not so much as the unwise and often dishonest policy of managers. He calls attention to the fact that $:i,rj(K),000,000, of 70 per cent, of American railway property, pays no return on the Investment, as by courtesy it is called. Mr. Porter ignores the fact that one-third or perhaps one-half of the three and a half billions of dollars represents no investment of money or other valuable thing—that a large part of what is called stock has been given to the purchasers of bonds or taken by the leaders in the enterprise. He ignores the fact that the managers of systems in the sparsely settled States devoted several years and all the money they could get In paralleling each other or attempting to head each other off. Vastly more than hostile legislation, the managers of

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, THURSDAY. OCTOBER 14, 1897.

railroads have injured railroad property as aji investment by fictitious capitalization known as stock-watering. Eut for that, many roads which pay no dividends would do so. The fraudulent capitalization of railroads, and particularly of late of streetrailways, has frightened investors so that they dare not touch a share of stock in many corporations. Take, the Citizens’ Street-railroad Company of this city. The property is a good one for the actual investment, but when $5,000,000 or $6,000,000 of stock and bonds were issued which do not represent actual investment, every dollar of stock issued previous to that time was made worthless. If a man owned a few' shares of the original stock when it was watered, he seems to have no remedy in law for such robbery. Years ago the conditions in Great Britain were similar, but in that country all has been changed. A second railroad corporation is not permitted to parallel the line of the first. Thus the property itself is guarded against that sort of injury called competition, which is one of the surest methods of ruining the property. No corporation is permitted to increase its capital stock or make issues of bonds without the consent of Parliament, while the policy of legislation for years has been to protect the property of persons invested in the stocks and bonds of corporations. Such strict regulations give confidence to investors and permanency to the values of the securities of large corporations. Mr. Porter is probably making an argument in favor of a pooling law r . Much can be said in favor of it. Property in railroads, general usefulness considered, deserves whatever protection tho law can afford. Railroad companies should bo insured, so far as law can do it, rates of transportation which will afford a fair return on the money actually invested, but the properties should be put upon the actual cost of construction. Consequently, before Mr. Porter makes comparisons of the prices of stocks of railroads here and in England, he should run the former through a wringer which will squeeze the fictitious capitalization out of them. The traffic of the country can not afford to pay rates of transportation which wdll give value in dividends to one or two billions of watered stocks, or, rather, stocks all water.

MR. THURSTON ON HAWAII. The most complete and comprehensive argument in favor of the annexation of Hawaii by the United States comes from Hon. Lorin A. Thurston, formerly Hawaiian minister to this country. In a pumphlet entitled “Handbook on the Annexation of Hawaii” he discusses the subject from a statesmanlike point of view and presents strong reasons why the islands should come under the United States government. He also makes a fair presentation of the arguments against annexation, and answers them. Chief among the reasons for annexation he holds that it will prevent the establishment of an alien and possibly hostile stronghold in a position commanding the Pacific coast and the commerce of the North Pacific, and definitely and finally secure to the United States the strategical control of the North Pacific, thereby protecting our Pacific coast and commerce from attack. This argument is not new, but Mr. Thurston puts it very strongly. On this point he says: Ail the great powers of Europe lie, or have coaling stations, within steaming distance of the Atlantic coast of the United States. No nation possesses a coaling station near enough to the Pacific coast to be available as a base of operations against it. The Pacific is so wide that naval ships cannot cross and operate on the Pacific coast without recoaling. A country in possession of Hawaii would have a base of supply and repair within four or five days’ steaming of any part of the Pacific coast, ard be a standing menace to it and its commerce. By simply keeping other nations out of Hawaii the United States will secure almost absolute immunity from naval attack on its Pacific coast. Upon the opening of the Nicaragua or Panama canal, practically all of the shipping bound for Asia, making use thereof, will stop at Honolulu for coal and supplies. This is an interesting view of the case. If the possession of adjacent territory and islands near the Atlantic, coast w’ere an open question the United States would never consent that they should be controlled by a foreign power. Great Britain has powerful fortifications at Halifax and on the Bermudas, Spain controls Cuba, and other European powers own islands or have coaling stations in the West Indies. It is too late for the United States to prevent these lodgments on the Atlantic side, but it should take timely steps to prevent any foreign power from getting control of Hawaii on the Pacific side. Mr. Thurston regards the aggression of Japan as a serious menace. He says: RcgarSWs of the declarations of the Japanese government. Hawaii has, against the will and efforts of its government and people, drifted Japanward during the past two years; and unless radical action is taken to stay the process, there can be but one logical result, viz., the ultimate supremacy of the Japanese, and thereby of Japan in Hawaii. Tnis will be accomplished in the teeth of the American policy of exclusion of foreign control, and with no tangible overt act on the part of the Japanese government. The controversy with Japan is the preliminary skirmish in the great coming struggle between the civilizations of the East and West. The issue in Hawaii is whether, in that inevitable struggle, Asia or America shall have the vantage ground of the control of the naval "key of the Pacific,” the commercial "crossroads of the Pacific.” All that is now holding Hawaii from retrograding into an Asiatic outpost is a handful of resolute and determined men. But there is a limit to their strength, and if help is to come it must come soon. Annexation will settle the issue and maintain American control in Hawaii and nothing else will. This idea of a conflict between the civilizations of the East and the West i£ not purely visionary. When one remembers how Japan has awakened in recent years, how aggressive she has become, and how steadily the course of empire and of American civilization have moved westward, it is easy to believe that the time may come when the civilizations of the East and the West may come in conflict for the supremacy. In such an event the power that controlled Hawaii would have an immense advantage. Without quoting further from Mr. Thurston’s pamphlet it may be said that he makes an exhaustive presentation of the case and concludes that the logic of events and of manifest destiny points to annexation as the only s:atesmanlike solution of the question.

It will not be surprising if Secretary* Sherman’s reply to the note of Lord Salisbury relative to Great Britain’s declination to take part in a Bering sea conference in which Russia and Japan are to participate, causes another outburst of criticism and protest from the British press. The salient points of Mr. Sherman’s reply have been cabled to the British government, but the full text will go by mail. Whether it is couched in diplomatic language or in plain American English remains to be seen, but its effect is to charge that the British government has backed out of an arrangement to which it was fully committed and that Its action Is viewed by the United States government with great astonishment. The inference is that the British government has acted in bad faith, and the facts go to sustain the inference. It seems impossible that

Embassador Hay, Special Counsel Foster and Secretary Sherman could all have been mistaken in their understanding, entertained for some months, that Great Britain had agreed to participate in the conference with a full knowledge that Russia and Japan were to be parties to it. Embassador Hay is a very bright man and he could not have been mistaken in so material a point. The evidence tends to show that Great Britain’s withdrawal from the conference was the result of an afterthought, brought about by the protest of Canada and the interference of Colonial Secretary Chamberlain. However that may be. Secretary Sherman's statement that the United States government views the final action of the British government “with astonishment”,, will probably bring forth another storm of protest from the British press against the “undiplomatic methods” of the United States. The trouble is they are too direct. The resolutions adopted by the Synod of Indiana touching the present organization of the Board of Education show the feeling which prevails and which is growing in the State. As now made up, the board seems to be solid, or nearly solid, against a considerable number of colleges or universities which are not recognized by State support. This statement is warranted by the legislation attempted during the last session of the Legislature, The State owes it to these Institutions which cost it no money to protect them against discrimination in the school law’s. They should have at least half the members of the Board of Education. It would be very much better every w r ay to give the nonstate schools the positions conferred upon three city superintendents by virtue of their offices. Like other boards, the Board of Education should be appointed by the Governor. The prospect of the dissolution of the fusion i l Missouri is the cause of deep concern to the chairman of the Democratic committee in that State. He says that it is apparent that the Palmer Democrats in that State will co-operate with the Republicans in future campaigns. He adds that there were 60,000 or 75,000 Populists or silver Republicans who voted the Democratic ticket in that State last year. Should the thirty thousand Democrats who voted for McKinley vote with the Republicans, half the silver Republicans go back to their old party and the Populists run a separate ticket, the Democracy of Missouri would confront, says the chairman, “a more critical condition than it has had to face since the day of disfranchisement.” The Chicago Tribune gives the names of twenty-one railroad lines which have passed under the control of Banker Morgan, and four more are ooming. Some of them are as follows: The New York Central, the West Shore, the Chicago & Northwestern, the Michigan Central, the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, the Nickelplate, the Erie, the Northern Pacific, the Big Four, the Chesapeake & Ohio and the Union Pacific. The purpose of this combination is said to be to maintain rates at a figure which will make the securities of the properties sound. This action is taken on the assumption that a pooling law cannot be enacted. The combination would render a pooling law unnecessary. It is true, as the dispatch of the Associated Press says, that Mr. Taggart was elected upon a free silver platform; it is equally trues as the Associated Press does not state, that in his addresses Mr. Taggart and all those who spoke for him ignored that issue. It is known to all intelligent people that if the election had turned upon that issue fifty of the men who were the most strenuous advocates of the reelection of Mr. Taggart would have fought him with greater determination than they fought for him. "Whatever change of sentiment there has been on the silver question in this locality has been against the 16-to-l heresy of the silver mine owners.

The president of the largest safe manufacturing company in the United States reports a large increase of business during the present season. This is a branch of business that does not come much before the public, but it is plain that an increase in the sale of safes is a good sign of prosperity. "People who buy safes,” says this manufacturer, "must have something of more than ordinary value to store away in them, and such purchases, when made by those belonging to various branches of trade and engaged in different professional pursuits, indicate that a decided improvement exists.” If people outside of the city or outside of the State had said one-half about Indianapolis, her government, her public officials, that a few of our fellow-citizens and one of our newspapers have said, there would likely have been a publie Indignation meeting; certainly' there would have been no lack of authoritative protest against such misrepresentation.—News. All that was said during the campaign, most of which was proved, was nothing compared w'ith the wholesale charges and abuse which the News has heaped on some former Republican administrations. HUBBLES IN THE AIR. The Cornfed Philosopher. "While a father,” said the Cornfed Philosopher, "likes to see his boy growing fast at ten years of age, he doesn’t like it so well when the boy reaafces twenty.” A Tale of Two Cities. "She has a mobile countenance, don’t you think?” "Yes, and a Chicago foot.” The Cheerful Idiot. "Women.” said the cynical boarder, “seem to be utter failures as negro minstrels.” "Os course,” said the Cheerful Idiot. “It Is too much of a strain for a woman to keep her face corked up for three hours.” The Red-Eyed Law. “Ignorance of the law excuses no man.” “How about a woman?” "Same thing. Nothing but good looks will excuse a woman.” ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. On the centennial anniversary in Boston of the launching of the Constitution, Hon. Oliver Wendell Holmes, son of the poet, will read his father’s poem, “Aye, Tear Her Tattered Ensign Down.” In a provincial town in France a strange marriage took place recently'. Every one interested bore the name of Desplas—the bride, bridegroom, the mayor, the witnesses and all the bridesmaids. Phillips Brooks once said that "the shortness of life is bound up with its fullness. It is to him who is most active, alway s thinking. feehng, working, caring for people, that life seems short. Strip a life empty and it will seem long enough." Alexander Ramsey, of St. Paul, was appointed by Zachary Taylor first Governor of Minnesota, and. though his active life covers the whole period of the State’s history*. he is still prominent in all great public movements, and speaks w'ith as much energy as when he was Governor. London Truth denies the statement of a Paris paper that the Princess of Wales has arranged to go through Father Knelpp’s

cure at Woerishofen, in Bavaria, next summer. The princess went to Woerishofen for a couple of days when she left Bayreuth. in order to se her sister, the Duchess of Cumberland. “Lord Ashbourne,” says the London Illustrated News, “Is to be the next viceroy of Canada. It seems only the other day that Lord Ashbourne was a rising Irish lawyer named Gibson in the House of Commons. His chief qualification for the new post is a charm of manner which has made him popular with the most vehement of his political opponents.” W. S. Gilbert announces to an Edinburgh interviewer that he will write no more plays. He says he is disheartened by the erroneous point of view from which criticism is written, adding: “London critics attack an author as if he were a scoundrel of the w'orst type and I do not feel disposed to put myself forward as a cockshy for these gentlemen.” Dr. Baumgarten and Father Reile are engaged in a sharp struggle to determine which shall be the successor of the late Father Knelpp in the management of the water-cure establishment at Woerishofen. The newspapers, inhabitants and putjents are taking sides in the quarrel, and a manifesto signed by 200 patients has just been published against Father Reile and in support of Baumgarten. The German soldier, Baron Munchausen, was not the author of the book of travels named after him. The absurdly exaggerated fictions in this book were written by an expatriated countryman of his named R. E. Raspe, w’ho published them in England in 1785. Raspe made the baron the putative author through becoming acquainted with the false stories which this officer i elated, and for which he became notorious after returning from his adventurous campaigns in the Russian service. A fact about the Chicago public library which may be a surprising and yet interesting item of news to many is that it claims a larger circulation than any other library in America. According to the last statement of the librarian, Frederick H. Hild, who has been with the library twen-ty-three years, almost from its very start, the book circulation last year w*as 1,771,404 volumes, divided as follows: Home circulation, main ibrary, 584,455, and in delivery stations, 631,542; reference department, 375,720; patent department, 41,793; branch reading rooms, 130,998; bound newspapers, 6,887, The circulation of periodicals for the same time was 890,086, making the total circulation of the reading material of 2,661,490, The wheelless wheel may not succeed In making a lasting strike; But many colliding wheelmen can Exhibit a wheelless bike, —Detroit Free Press. I told her I coud never speak the w’ords I fain w'ould speak. That every time I tried it on my courage sprang a leak; That when I gazed into her orbs, blue as the skies above. My coward lips refused to voice the story of my love. She gazed at me with sympathy in her expressive eyes, And once or twice her bosom heaved with quite emphatic sighs, Then, with a nice, becoming blush, and in a tender tone, She said: • Perhaps you’d better call me up by telephone.” —Denver Post. JOHN J. KEANE HONORED o BANQUET TO A POPULAR ROMAN CATHOLIC ARCHBISHOP.

Speeches by Cardinal Gibbons, Attorney General McKenna and Others —Tribute from. John Sherman, * WASHINGTON, Oct. 13.—Archbishop John J. Keane, who is now on a visit to the United States from Rome, was the guest of honor at a banquet at the Shoreham Hotel to-night. Over one hundred persons participated and the gathering included many prominent in the national and local government, the Roman Catholic Church and private individuals of the national capital, where the archbishop lived for so many years. The banquet hall was elaborately decorated, the American colors predominating, the papal colors of yellow and white being conspicuously displayed, while masses of ferns, roses and orchids were scattered about the room. Ex-Mayor James G. Berret, who presided, occupied a seat at the head of the table and on his right was Cardinal Gibbons and on his left Archbishop Keane. Toasts were responded to as follows: “Leo XIII,” Cardinal Gibbons; “The United States,” Attorney General McKenna; "The American Citizen,” Hon: Webster Davis, assistant secretary of the interior; “The City of Washington,” President John W. Ross, of the Board of District Commissioners. At the conclusion of the speeches Archbishop Keane’s health was proposed and to this compliment he made an extended reply. He spoke of his work in Washington, of America's influence for the world’s good and of the prospects for prospective useful and happy sojourn in Rome. In the course of his remarks Cardinal Gibbons, referring to the Pope, said he is in the full possession of his faculties, that the Fight of his intellect burns as brightly as ever, and that few statesmen have a more accurate knowledge of the genius of our American institutions than the reigning pontiff. In his speech Attorney General McKenna spoke of the abstraction of “our country,” and said that while this patriotic reference was an intangible thing, yet “let the stars and stripes wave over your head and you then know what that abstraction means.” He also spoke of the close sympathy between American citizens and the governmental machinery and said it was a significant fact that every American citizen regarded the government as his government. The attorney general also referred to the marvelous development of the country since revolutionary days and of the progress of its moral along with its material advancement. Letters of regret were read from Secretaries Sherman, Wilson and Alger, Assistant Postmaster General Heath, General Greely, Bishop Hurst, President Whitman, of Columbian University. Secretary Sherman's letter not onlv expressed regrets but added a high tribute to Archbishop Keane. Among those present in addition to those mentioned were: Secretary of the Navy Long, Postmaster General Gary, Secretary Bliss, Secretary Gage, Justice White, of the Supreme Court, Monsigneur Martinelli, the apostolic delegate, Archbishop Chappelle, Assistant Secretary Ryan, Assistant Secretary Cridler. Commissioner of Pensions Evans, the Hon. Patrick Egan, Rev. Dr. Conati, rector of the Catholic University; John Brisben Walker, Rev. James E. Rankin Hon. Richard C. Kerens, Senator Roach, Hon. D. I. Murphy and General Vincent. _ OF INTEREST TO MILLERS. Plllsbury and Others Have No Monopoly in I)ruMl “Minnenpolls.” CHICAGO, Oct- 13.—Judge Showalter, of the Federal Court, to-day handed down a decision in the case of Pillsbury and others against H. R. Engle, which is of great interest to milling people generally. Judge Showalter holds that the fact that a certain line of goods is made in a certain place does not give to the maker the right of a trade mark to the name of the locality. He said if the flour made elsewhere, though branded “Minneapolis,” was made by the same method and grain of as good quality, the manufacturers had a right to brand it or designate as he pleased, providing he did not use the name or word of another in like business protected by direct copyright or trademark. This decision completely upsets the claim of the Minneapolis millers, who asserted a vested right to the use of the name “Minneapolis” as a brand of flour. The suit decided by Judge Showalter is the first of a large number begun in varices sections of the country by the combined millers’ association of Minneapolis. How Fittingly Appropriate! Indianapolis News, Oct. 13. Mayor Taggart was carried down the steps into he barroom, followed by a jam as in a fire panic. Most of the crowd thought it meant free beer, and there were more cheers and hurrahs. Mayor Taggart was handed over and made to stand on the bar. He spread his hands toward the crowd for silence, but the crowd kept on hurrahing.

UNFAVORABLE CONTRAST AMERICAN AND ENGLISH RAILWAY SHARES AS INVESTMENTS. 1 In America 70 Per Cent, of Stoelt Pays No Dividend. While In England 8 Per Cent. Is Unrcmunerative. + There is no one single interest in the world as great as that of railways. Including street railways, there are to-day in operation in the world over 450,000 miles of railways. Should the rate of increase for the first five years of this decade continue, and these have not been good railway building years, the century will close with a total of 500.000 miles, an aggregate investment of over $40.000,000,000, and an army of over five million employes. Stupendous as such figures are, they rimply give the magnitude of the undertakings for transportation which have practically been brought into existence during the last half of the nineteenth century*. Os this mileage, America will have more than half. In exact figures, omitting street railw*ays, which probably aggregate in the world twenty-five thousand miles, the mileage stood at the close of 1895 as follows: America 229.717 miles Europe 155.284 miles Asia 26,893 miles Australia 13.887 miles Africa 8,169 miles 433.950 miles Street railways 25,000 miles Total 458,950 miles Exclusive of the street railways, which probably represent an additional investment of $2,500,000,000, the cost of the world’s railways up to the close of 1895 has been $36,685,0u0.000, a sum representing more than half the aggregate wealth of the United States. As these railways directly employ about 10%. persons to every mile of road, we have in the world’s railway problem an army of 4,818,750 persons actively employed and an Investment representing $36,685,000,000 of the world’s accumulated wealth. The methods which each country in the world has adopted for the administration or carrying on of such vast undertakings, affecting, as they do, the existence of hundreds of millions of people, would seem to be of Intense interest to the student of human affairs. In looking over the whole field, you find, with some minor modifications, two distinct policies, namely, state and private ownership. In certain countries railways are looked upon from both strategic and commercial points of view, and have, therefore, never been separated from government control, if not absolute ownership and operation. In such instances the question of making these gretut agencies prosperous has not been so pressing as in the two great nations—the United Kingdom and the United States—which have not nationalized their railways. ENGLISH METHODS. It is with some phases of the railway problem as found in these two countries that I propose to briefly deal in this article. Great Britain and the United States contain about half the railway mileage of the world, while of the enormous sum mentioned above nearly half has been used in the construction of the railways of those countries. Though private capital and enterprise have brought these two great railway systems—both far in advance of the state railway systems of other countries—into existence, the governments of the respective countries have in various ways undertaken to shape the policy, and, in certain directions, control the actions of the railway companies. In doing this the most superficial observer must be struck with the widely different treatment accorded railway enterprise by the legislators of the two countries. In England the railways have been treated with reasonable intelligence, and, while Parliament has insisted upon equal and reasonable rates, they have not, as in this country, been tied up by an interstate law which forbids freedom for the purpose of unification of charges at competing points, ror harassed in a thousand different ways by almost half a hundred legislatures, with unlimited power and great inclination for local mischief. The English railways, though held to a strict accountability, have only one body to deal with, and, as a rule, Parliament has treated them with fairness and intelligence. Asa result of this policy, the returns of the British railways for 1896, which I obtained last month when in London, show these properties to be in exceedingly prosperous condition, nearly all the stocks bringing fair dividends, the interest on the loans and bonds promptly paid, the wages of the employes on some roads—notably the Midland —voluntarily increased, and, instead of a reduction of working force, of nearly 100,000, an increased employment, both in the shops and on the tracks. By this prosperity half a million employes, who, with their families, probably number 2,500,000, are made happy and contented. Another million or more of small investors and their dependents, who have come to look upon the stocks of these prosperous and dividend-paying railways as good investments, and the bonds as safe as the Bank of England, feel the benefits of this prosperity. RATES AND WAGES.

But English rates are high, some may reply. I am fully aw*are of this. English rates per ton per mile for freight probably averaged in 1896 l!4d, or 2.25 cents, while according to Poor’s Manual, just issued, tho rate per ton per mile for 1896 on American railways was only 0.821 cent, or a decrease of 0.018 cent from 1895. In England you hear railway managers declaring that it does not take coal and iron ore and gravel and the lowest class of freight for less than a half penny, or 1 cent per ton per mile. And yet our great trunk roads do not average over half this rate for their entire freight traffic. While this is the receipt side of the ledger, the American railways pay in every department more than double the wages paid by the English roads. English rates are high because the service given, aside from the price of labor, is an expensive one and one that can only be provided over a line constructed at great initial cost. In the mad desire to reduce rates and reduce the profits of our railways we have overlooked an Important factor in the railway problem, namely, that American railways are at this present moment being called upon to meet a condition which the English companies as a rule met at the beginning. The roadbeds, the masonry, the bridges and the old rails must be replaced by more costly material and far better work. Tracks which heretofore ran through the main streets of cities must now either he elevated above or sunk below the streets and literally millions must he spent upon the termini of our great railways and the two or three miles of track entering and passing through important cities. Think for a moment of the improvements in this respect during the last few years on the Pennsylvanit Railroad, the New York Central, the Erie, the Baltimore & Ohio, the New York & New Haven, and the Illinois Central, with its tremendous piece of work on the lake front, Chicago. Add to this the vast sums still to be expended before all cars are equipped with safety appliances, and we have some conception of what must he done. This is merely the beginning of the sort of work that the principal American railways would do if their vitals were not being gnawed by rates which hardly enable managers to make ends meet and their properties jeopardized by legislators who are apparently blind to the fact that healthy railways spread prosperity throughout the land and give employment to hundreds of thousands of artisans and laborers; by legislators who are ignorant of the fact that a railway company never hoards money, but distributes it. and who cannot realize how crippled many of our railways are. not alone because they have not the funds available for these needed improvements. but because railway securities have been so depressed that the public, both at home and abroad, will not invest capital In such uncertain enterprises and hence It can not even lx- borrowed. Thus the industrial army which would otherwise be put to work remains idle, while the railway manager Is struggling with the problem how he can make his road pay and only spend such sums in the maintenance of the roadbed as may be necessary to prevent the destruction of human life. The facts show that when compared with the English railway the American railway manager does not make his road pay and I, doubt If he ever will until something can he done to prevent the continuous decrease in the rate per ton per mile of carrying freight. Last year the statistician of the In-terstate-commerce Commission remark*d, contemplating the fact that In two years our railways had run behind over $75,000,000,

“Should this continue, either the investments or the credit of railways must disappear.” I’NREMUNERATIVE ROADS. In the United States the credit has already gone and the investment is rapidly following. About $3,500,000,000, or over TO per cent, of the capital stock of railways, pays no dividend whatever. In England the returns of 1896 show that only $285,000,000, or about 8 per cent, of the capital stock, is unremunerative. In England the dividends average nearly 4 per cent.; in t ( ho United States last year only about IV6 fier cent. This table shows the steady decline of the American railway securities as an Investment: Div. on Div. on Div. on total total total share share share Year, capital. Year, capital. Year, capital. ISS4 2.48 1888 1.77 1892 1.93 1885 2.02 18.81* 1.80 Im>3 188 1886 2.04 1890 1.80 1X94 1.64 1887 2.18 1891 1.85 1.893 1.59 In the United Kingdom the Interest of no loans nor bonds went by default. The report says of about $5,000,000 “not entitled to interest,” and interest ranging from 2 to 5 per cent, and over was paid on the loans and debentures, aggregating about $1,450,000,000. As an offset to this healthy showing, we have about $890,000,000 of the bonds of American railways in default, or nearly 17 per cent, ot the whole. As investments for saving funds, with a few noted exceptions, the American railway securities cuts no figure. On the other hand, English railway securities are looked upon in that country as excellent stocks to buy, not for speculation, but investment. Asa consequence, English railways can command all the necessary capital to carry on needed improvement, and employ the full quota of hands. Here is a comparison of the current price of some of the wellknown English railway stocks with our own important roads for the week ended Sept. 18. 1897, as quoted in London: English Railways. 1 American Railways. Caledonian 157 lAtchn, SIOO shares. 16% ” pref. ord 100 18. & 0 20 Glasgow & S. W...143xd Gen. Pacific, 1100... 1714 Great Eastern 118*4 iC. & 0.. 27V* Gt North pref 0rd.123 Chi., Mil. & S. P...104'% Great Western 173*4 1 Denver 15 I>anc. & V'kshire..l47*4 I Illinois Central 111*4 L. Bl ight. &S. C. 192 ; Bake Shore. SIOO.. .IS4 ” pref 201 ;B. & N 63% ” def 177 Mis., Kan. & Tex.. 17 B. & N’thwestern.2o2*4 IN. Y. Central US “ 3 per cent. ; Erie 19% deb, stock 117 " first pref 46% Bon. X- S’western.2l9V4 i “ 3-4 per cent. “ def SS ! gen. mort 7614 Lon.. Til. & Sth- IN. Y.. Ont. & C, end 129 ! SIOO 2**l4 Metropolitan Can. 126% jN. & W. pref, SIOO. 4.5% ” surplus lands !N. Pacific pref 57% stock 100 i Pennsylvania, $50.. 66% Midland 181 ! Phil. & Read., <50.. 14% N. Brit, pref ord.. 91*4 I “ first pref., SSO. 29 Northeastern 173*4 'Southern ordinary.. 12% Nortn Bondon 228% i “ preference .... 87*4 N’th Staff’dshlre..l3o U. P., SIOO 24% Southeastern 155 | Wabash pref, SIOO.. 23% ” def “A” 118% I OUR MISTAKEN POLICY. While the fluctuation in all but a few of the best of the American stocks precludes investment except for speculative purposes the English railway stocks given above would be a safe investment for those who depended upon their investments for an incoma The policy pursued by national and state legislatures towards our railways is not only a mistaken one from the investor’s standpoint, but even a greater mistake from the standpoint of the wage earner. The • English roads are better equipped than the American, and hence employ, relatively to their mileage, a far greater number of hands. This would naturally be the case, because the traffic is more concentrated, but aside from this fact there is no necessity for the English railways to economize as to their labor. For example, In the offices we find to every mile or road in England twenty-eight clerks and only one in the United States. England has ten station masters to our three; seven guards or conductors to our one and a half; three trainmen to our one; twelve engineers, machinists and carpenters to our one; thirteen trackmen to our three, and so on down the list. To make a long story short, the English roads are kept up, and of late years our roads have, through no fault of the management, been allow r ed to run down. It is true that English companies have obtained a high average rate, and in spite of the legislation of 1888-1892 and 1894 in fixing maximum rates, etc., are still obtaining it. The country, however, is getting it all back In improved properties and better facilities. A bankrupt road blights and withers, while a prosperous road vivifies trade and employs labor. It has been well that if the railway companies of England were to hold their hand for a single twelvemonth, to cease their habitual expenditure of $75,000,000 to $100,000,000 per annum in addition to their existing accommodation the trade of the country would receive a blow whose effect all the patent nostrums of Populist legislation would scarcely avail to allewiate, much less to cure. Fortunately for the British railway manager he is not made the annual prey of these panaceas, but allowed to run the business of railroading on business principles. The result* we have seen. ROBERT P. PORTER.

DEBSISM IN KANSAS. Socialism May Be Tanight In All Schools of the Populistic State. TOPEKA, Kan., Oct. 13.—The Kansas contingent of the Social Democracy promulgated by Eugene V. Debs has laid the plan to capture the schools and colleges of this State. The state club organized here is only the beginning of a crusade which its promoters expect will sweep through all the state schools and colleges In Kansas. Back of the scheme are some of the Populist leaders of the State and most active in the work of organization are appointees of Chief Justice Doster, of the Kansas Supreme Court. The plan as outlined to-day is to employ teachers in the various state edycational institutions who are in sympathy with the Debs idea and then to organize clubs of the Social* Democracy among the students so that when they go out into the world as teachers, or in other callings, they will be fitted to inculcate the new* doctrine. This plan was suggested by G. C. Clemens, the Kansas leader. Clemens is official reporter for the State Supreme Court, and his chief ally is Henry McLain, also a reporter for the same court. McLain is a relative of Chief Justice Doster, who is the leading Socialist in the West. The activity of Clemens and McLain, both appointees of Chief Justice Doster. leaves not a question in the minds of the people of Kansas that the college club scheme will have the indorsement of not only Judge Doster, but of the Populist state administration as well. It is proposed to push the organization of clubs in the various state schools where Populist boards of regents are In control, and that the selection of teachers will be made with reference to the new doctrine of socialism. Republicans charge that the State Agricultural College at Manhattan, under the control of Prof. Will, formerly of Illinois, Is filled with teachers with socialistic tendencies. Clemens, the Kansas leader, declared today that Kansas was the birthplace of Social Democracy, and that the first club organized was among the students of Washburne College, a Congregationalist school at Topeka. This was in 1885. when Rev. Mr. Vrooman, late of Chicago, but now a promoter of a Klondike mining company, was a student of Washburne College. Vrooman organized a Social Democracy club of hulf a dozen members and Clemens was one of them. He says he was converted to the doctrine of socialism by Vrooman, and that it was demonstrated to his sastisfactlon that the place to organize clubs is among the voung men of the schools and and that the Kansas branch would organize in these institutions first. SUING FOR HIS DOWRY. An Italian Marquis Wants Part of Him Motlier-ln-Law’a Estate. BOSTON. Oct. 13.—Marquis Luigi Carcano, of Italy, has brought a bill in equity In the Suffolk Supreme Court against John M. Merriam, administrator of the estate of Mrs. Emily Merrtam, deceased, the mother-in-law* of the marquis, to obtain judgment against her estate untler an agreement made by the rr.arquis with her before his marriage to her daughter, in 1877, to settle on him a sum equal in American money to $30,000. It is claimed that the agreement to pay him dowry was made on the eve of his marriage. FIVE WHITE*CAPS SHOT. One Killed nnd Four Fntnlly Wounded liy n Tennessee N'eurro. MILAN. Tenn., Oct. 13.—White Caps attacked the home of Dot Price, a negro living near this place, last night, and fired into his house. He returned the fire, killing William Sires, u white man. and fatally wounding four others. The negro was shot through the atm. Intense excitement prevails and a race war la expected as a finale to the bloody ttagedy.