Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 September 1897 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1897. Vashington Office—l£C3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Uni is. Business Office 238 | Editorial Rooms...A 86 TERMS OF SIBSCRII'fIOJi. daily by mail. Daily only, one month f .70 Daily only, three months 2.00 Daily only, one year 8.00 Daily, including Sunday, one year 10.00 feunday only, one year 2.00 WHEN’ FURNISHED BY AGENTS. Dally, per week. by carrier 15 cts Sunday, single copy u cts Daily and Sunday, per week, by carriers....2o cts „ WEEKLY. Per year SI.OO Reduced Hates to Claim. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or •end subscriptions to Tlifc, i.tUU.UPOLIS JOURNAL, Indiana ixiiis, lud. Persons sending the Journal through the malls in the l. nited States should put on an eight-page paper a O.N’E-t'ENT postage stamp; on a twelve or sixteen-page paper a TWO-OENT postage rates I*' 1 *' torel * n hostage is usually double these .AH communications intended for publication In this paper must, in order to receive attention, be atcoinpanleil by the name and address of the writer. It it desired that rejected manuscripts oe returned, jiostage must in all cases be inclosed lor that purpose. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOU KNAL .Uan be found at the following places: NEW YORK—Windsor Hotel and Astor House. Palmer House and P. O. News Cos., H 7 Dearborn street. CINCINNATI- J. R. Hawley & Cos., 154 Vine street. _ LOUISVILLE—C. T. Peering, northwest corner of i bird and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Book Cos., 256 Fourth avenue. 6T. LOUlS—Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C.—Riggs House, Ebbitt House, Willard's Hotel and the Washington News Exchange, Fourteenth street, between Penn, avenue and F street. Those who unload creosote blocks on property owners at fancy prices cannot object if the latter protest. Mr. Spencer thinks this a bad time to turn over the Pension Office to his successor. Retiring officials generally do. Mr. Bryan is as open to engagements as ever, but is not booked far ahead. The supply of oratory is undiminished, but the demand has suffered "a decline and falloff.” The creosote covering for the wood paving blocks for which property owners in this city are paying a fancy price is like many other things in this "business administration”—very thin. With the merchants of Nicaragua petitioning the government to place the country on a gold basis, it is astonishing and humiliating that there should still be found in the United States enough Bryanites to hold a convention. William Jennings Bryan’s latest engagement Is to write a syndicate article on "The New Prosperity in the West, the Boom in WTieat and its Effect on Silver.” He will probably receive enough for this article to tide him over till he gets another job. As one result of the recent slump in silver several merchants who handle American and European goods have moved from Juarez, Mexico, across the river to El Paso, Tex. A policy that drives capital and business out of a country cannot be a wise one. The best opinion among advocates of municipal reform at present is that a mayor should not be eligible for re-election. Whether this should involve a lengthening of the term in most cases or not, there are Btrong reasons in favor of the one-term theory.

The farmers of Clay county are asked to attend a free-silver picnic and make donations to the needy miners. The latter should receive all needed assistance, but a donation of free silver would make them worse off than ever. The best money is none too good for wage-earners. The French people had a tine holiday over the return of President Faure from Russia and blew off their excitement in the most approved Parisian manner, but they should not be too sanguine of recovering AlsaceLorraine or humiliating Germany. It is a much longer and more difficult march from Paris to Berlin than it is from Berlin to Paris. To-day, unless General Weyler succeeds in preventing it, the constitutional assembly of the republic of Cuba will convene in Camagney and elect a President to succeed President Cisneros, whose term expires today. The delegates to the assembly were regularly elected, and if the programme of electing anew President is carried out today it will be pretty good proof that the insurgents Lre able to do about as they please. Miss Jane Addams, who has obtained celebrity as founder of*Hull House, Chicago, and general reformer, will have to give her undivided attention to her work as postmaster of a substation in that city. Miss Addams has, of course, as much right as any other reformer to hold public office, but meanw'hiie what is to become of the slums and the cause of philanthropy in Chicago with her hand ofT the ropes? New Jersey is in the height of its peach season and estimates that its crop is over three and a half million baskets, but mourns because it is not larger. The quality of the fruit is said to be inferior this year, except where the growers thinned the crop on the trees in Juno. Other growers could r>6 bring themselves to do this, and the result is, according to one report, that some orchards are so loaded that they remind the observer of apple trees in full bloom, but the peaches are not larger than an almond, and are, of course, worthless. The wisdom of thinning their fruit on the trees In order to secure quality rather than quantity is but slowly acquired by the average horticulturist. Governor Mount's advocacy of local insurance companies, both fire and life, is based on good business reasons. For many years past the people of this State have paid out for fire and life insurance to Eastern companies an amount of money in the aggregate immensely greater than they have received back. True, they have had the insurance and that is worth much, but if they could have insured in local companies the excess of premiums over losses would have remained In the State instead of going to enrich Eastern capitalists. Os course, when one insures he wants to feel confident that he is getting safe insurance, but other things being equal, home companies should have the preference. Such speeches as that of Debs at St. Louis do the cause of individual rights and personal liberty real harm. Public attention is already keenly alive to the aggressiveness of the federal judiciary on some lines and to the extremity to which "government by injunction” has been pushed, arid public attention once aroused in such matters is sure to bring about reform. But the American people are lawabiding ami will not tolerate unconstitu-

tional, violent or revolutionary methods. Such speeches as that of Debs tend to make honest men think that there may be some things worse ihan “government by injunction,” and. whatever Mr. Debs may think, the honest, conservative, law-abid-ing citizens of this country are an immense majority. THE HATCH FORD MISAPPREHENSION President Ratchford need not be so persistent for the meeting of Congress to determine whether or not labor has any rights in this country. In all the bills of rights of States and in the Declaration of Independence the personal rights of individuals are clearly set forth: “All men are created equal, with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” If the "pursuit of happiness” of one individual does not lead him to Interfere with the rights of any other individual there is no limit to his enjoyment and there would be no call for government by injunction. The difficulty with the Ratchfords i3 that they cannot see that any men who do not believe as they believe have any rights whatever. Mr. Ratchford decrees a strike in all the coal mines. The most of those who belong to his organization obey his orders and strike. A large number of miners do not belong to the Ratchford organization, and in the pursuit of their individual happiness conclude to continue to mine coal. Here is where the difficulty begins. The Ratchfords in the past have insisted that these people who do not quit work when they ordered them to do so have no rights. By continuing to work they are outlaws. Constitutions and laws hold that these mem have a right to work without the Ratchford consent The Ratchfords not only deny the right of these men to work, but assume that it is their constitutional right to prevent them from working by force and violence if necessary. Bills of rights, constitutions and laws make no such distinction. All men have the inalienable right to labor or quit, and not the Ratchford men alone. The courts, knowing that miners are killed every other year, when the Ratchford strike occurs, to save the lives of those who choose to work in the pursuit of what seems to them to be their happiness, have forbidden the Ratchfords from entering private grounds, as they have in the past, and assailing with force and arms the men at work. The courts, have said to the Ratchfords, “You can hold meetings in proper places to persuade these men to quit and otherwise hold out inducements to them to leave work, but there must be no resort to threats and violence, because this is an unlawful interference with inalienable individual rights.” And now, because the courts will not permit the Ratchfords to make war upon the non-Ratchfords its they have in the past the former conceive that their rights have been interfered with! This means that, In the opinion of the Ratchfords, they have full right to interfere with the rights ot others, and because they are forbidden they are howling for Congress to meet and confer upon them rights which would involve the power to deprive all who are not Ratchfordites of all rights of all pursuit of pleasure and even of the right to labor without their permission. Really, Mr. Ratchford asks too much.

ANARCHIST DEBS. Eugene V. Debs’s speech at St. Louis shows that he has become an Anarchist. He calls himself president of the Socialist Democracy. He does not pretend to be a Democrat and he is not a Socialist. Socialists, in the true sense, hold doctrines which if mistaken are not vicious or dangerous. They believe that the government should assume prerogatives and exercise powers In regard to public lands, mineral lands, railroads, telegraphs and other corporations which many persons do not think should be exercised by the government, and yet there is much to be said in favor of the Socialist view. Whether right or wrong, it is far removed from anarchism. The Socialists believe In government and a good deal of it. Anarchists do not believe in government at all. Mr. Debs is an Anarchist. In his speech at St. Louis he said: “The less government the more liberty—the only perfect government is no government at all.” Other parts of the speech were almost as outspoken, but this may stand for all. No amount of explanation can explain it away. No Anarchist in Europe, no imported Anarchist in the United States, could go further or show more viciousness. Debs has not reached this point of outspoken anarchism at a bound. He arrived there by easy stages. Beginning as a railroad fireman and talking member of a labor organization, he became successively an agitator, a labor leader, an organizer of strikes, an open enemy of law and order, a contemner of judicial decrees, and finally an Anarchist. In any other civilized country of the world such an utterance as that above quoted would cause him to be regarded as a suspect and kept under police surveillance. This great and free government, strong in the support of the people, does not pursue such methods, but a healthy public opinion should brand as an Anarchist the man who says “The less government the more liberty; the only perfect government is no government at all.” HOME AND FOREIGN MARKETS. A local organ of tree trade says, “The ‘home market’ is not in it with the foreign market this year.” If this is intended seriously it is a great mistake. The home market is "in it with the foreign market” not only this year but every year, and is far the better market of the two for the American farmer and producer. It is better on every account for the farmer to sell his surplus wheat and other products here at home to American consumers who get good wages than to ship them a thousand miles or more to the seacoast and three thousand miles across the ocean to sell to consumers who get less wages. The foreign market is good in a supplementary way, as a tail to a kite, but the American farmer’s main reliance is the home market. The poorest farmers in this country are those who are farthest from a market, and the most prosperous are those who have a market at their doors. The official statements of government statisticians show that where 30 per cent, of the people are farmers and 70 per cent, of the people are engaged in other occupations the farmer receives a net annual income of $457. while in States where the reverse is true, 70 per cent, of the people being farmers and 30 per cent, engaged in other occupations, the farmer receives an annual net Income ol only SIOO showing a difference of $207 annually to the farmer who lives in a community of diversified industries as against the farmer who has no home market. A person who should say that farmers living in the vicinity of manufacturing cities, as for instance in the natural gas belt of Indiana, are no better off than those living in remote parts of Texas would be regarded as

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1897.

lacking in common sense. Asa matter of fact, much the greatest part of all that American farmers produce is consumed in the United States, and It would be better if It were all consumed here. During the last thirty years our average annual exports of wheat have not exceeded 30 per cent, of the entire crop. The lowest In any year was 12% per cent, and the highest 40 per cent. The exports of corn during the same period have not averaged 4 per cent, of the entire crop. The figures show that the great bulk of both crops is consumed at home. We export a much larger percentage of the cotton crop, but all must admit that it would be better if every bale of cotton produced in the' United States were spun into yarn and manufactured into cloth in this country instead of being sent abroad. Prom any point of view that can be taken the home market is more important than the foreign, and it is a prime duty of American statesmanship to protect the home market against outside invasion. MORE ABOUT COL. LEHMANONVSKY. A communication from Benjamin S. Parks contributes some further information regarding the identity of Colonel Lehmanowsky, the possible aut r of the “Life of Bonaparte,” heretofore referred to in the Journal. Some points in the case are now well settled. Among these are, first, that the book was undoubtedly written by some person not only personally famiiiar with Napoleon's military campaigns from the first to the last, but also possessing sufficient technical knowledge to describe their strategic and tactical features in correct literary phrase. Information concerning these campaigns was not broadcast in the United States at the time the book was published, in 1818, and could only have been acquired by personal experience or by a residence in Europe Second, it is settled beyond any doubt that Colonel Lehmanowsky was a Polar.der, that he claimed to have served in all of Napoleon’s campaigns and to have been in a great number of pitched battles, that he was a man of fine military bearing, that he had a conspicuous scar on his face, the result of a saber cut, that he lived for several years in Knightstown and that about 1840, or a little later, he lectured at many points in the West on Napoleon’s campaigns, describing incidents in the campaigns in Spain with an accuracy and vividness that could only have come from personal participation in them. Several persons who heard him lecture or talk agree that he had fine command of good English. This also appears in the “Life of Bonaparte.” If he could hold audiences spellbound with his eloquence, speaking in English, he must have been capable of writing it with accuracy and force. He might have participated In all of Napoleon's campaigns and still not have been too old to lecture as late as 1542. The battle of Waterloo was fought in 1815, and Marshal Ney is supposed to ha-’e been executed in the same year. If Lehr.ianuwsky served on Ney’s staff and was forty years old at that time he would only have been fortythree years old when the "Life of Bonaparte” was published, in 1818, and only six-ty-seven when he was lecturing. There is no evidence as yet to show that he ever lived in Salem, where the book was published, though he may have lived there before moving to Knightstown, or he might have sent his book there for publication without being a resident of the place. The circumstantial evidence all goes to show that he might easily have been the author of the work, and the question still recurs if he was not its author, who was, and why should any person but a political refugee wish to conceal his identity and authorship under the vague designation “By a Citizen of the United States?”

FARMERS NOT IGNORED. The main features of the opening session of the Farmers’ National Congress at St. Paul were the address of Hon. B. F. Clayton, of lowa, president of the organization, and the report of John M. Stahl, secretary. Both are entitled to speak for the farmers of the country, and both made some good points. In one respect, however, they did not agree, viz., as to the amount of consideration and recognition extended to the farming class and their influence in legislation and public affairs. President Clayton said: The farmer brushes so little against a world of which he is so important a part that the world practically ignores his existence. He is enumerated in the tables of population but expunged from statistical lists of the Nation’s representatives. He is enrolled on the tax list but canceled in the catalogue of those who levy taxes. He is registered in the poll book but disfranchised of the privileges and immunities of a citizen. This represents the farmers of the country as practically ignored in government and public affairs and almost devoid of in-, fluence. On the other hand, Secretary Stahl said: This congress has always been so sensible and conservative in its action that it has the rospect and confidence of all classes, and, as Mr. Hatch, for so many years chairman of the House committee on agriculture, said a short time before his death, "the Farmers' National Congress has more influence with the Congress of the United States than all other agricultural organizations combined.’’ This influence is well shown in the agricultural schedule of the Dingley bill. The Farmers’ National Congress was the only agricultural organization to seriously champion the farmers’ Interests at the special session that enacted that law. It presented a printed memorial of 196 pages asking for protection for farm products, and the legislative committee, headed by the venerable Judge Lawrence, who entered Congress in the early sixties, secured fair and just protection for farm products. The secretary cited specific instances in which farmers’ organizations had been potent factors in securing legislation that was wholesome and generally beneficial. No doubt he is right. It is a great mistake to say that the dignity and importance of agriculture are underrated in this country, or that farmers, as a class, are ignored In government and legislation. Many members of Congress have been brought up on farms, and in all the state legislatures many members are farmers. Mr. Clayton said, “He is enrolled on the tax list, but canceled in the catalogue of those who levy taxes.” This is far from true. A majority of the township trustees and tax assessors of the country are farmers. We think it would puzzle Mr. Clayton to state what “privileges and immunities as a citizen” the farmer Is deprived. Secretary Stahl’s statement regarding the influence of farmers on legislation puts a very different phase on the matter, and is doubtless much nearer the truth. The Farmers’ Congress is an excellent organization and deserving of all encouragement, but it should not lend itself to disseminating the idea that farmers as a class are ignored in public affairs, for they are not. What a sweet thing the alleged Dr. C. F. Smith party must be! Its platform admits that street-railroad and other companies have franchises which enable them to defraud the people. This, however, in the vie Y of the platform, Is of no consequence, or of very little consequence. The robbery, ho waver, becomes a crime when certain

citizens of Indianapolis make war upon such corporations with a view of appropriating the power to rob. The thing that the people of Indianapolis are implored to do is to see to it that no persons rob them In the streetrailway business but those Philadelphians who now hold a franchise to rob until the year 1901. We must do all that we can to prevent the right to rob from passing out ot the hands of the original parties in the operation. We must do all in our power to make the $6,000,000 of bogus capitalization sound assets, paying dividends and interest. We should prepare now, or begin to prepare, to prevent anew corporation which will promise 3-cent fares after 1901 from getting a contract to that effect and to secure to the present “combine” the eternal right to charge 5-cent fares. Such hospitality for the foreign plunderer as the Dr. C. F. Smith party proclaims is really too beautiful for this wicked world. Mayor Taggart and the street-railway magnates should have discovered a scheme to get Republican votes less sweet and ideal. The labor leaders propose at their meeting in Chicago on the 27th inst. to ask the President to call a special session of Congress to consider the claims of organized labor. Such a request would be unprecedented and entirely opposed to the genius of our institutions. If the President should lend himself to a plan for obtaining class legislation he would be justly liable to impeachment. An elderly writer in the New York Post, whose childhood was spent in a house near where the Grant monument now stands, indulges In some reminiscences of his youth and of the neighborhood, and incidentally gives some horticultural information. The house next to his home had been built by General Gage, the British commander, and occupied by him in the years before ana during the revolution. He owned, quite a tract of the surrounding land and was an enthusiastic gardener. 'Among other fruits and plants he imported the "Queen Claude” plum fi’om France and was very successful with it. By what the writer thinks is a “curious localism,” the plum of that kind is still known about New York as the • greengage.” It is much more than a localism, for the greengage plum has a far wider territory of its own than the New York neighborhood. It bears that name in regions remote from the metropolis, ana probably retains it wherever it is grown in this country. But the origin of its name is interesting. New York is narrowly watching Chicago and will do its best to go one better in murder trials when the Guldensuppe case comes up. But can a man chopped to pieces equal in “yellow” newspaper attractiveness a woman boiled in a potash vat? However, New York has other chances. It has just had a murder in a church which may develop great possibilities in the way of horrors. Our language in relation to every-day cold facts is very figurative. “Currency flows in a stream from New Y’ork banks to the West and South,” says a dispatch. If this were literally true, what a multitude of prospectors would abandon thoughts of the Klondike and hunt for it. ‘ Os course, the young woman who killed herself in a Chicago hotel was “beautiful;” she could not have broken into the Chicago papers otherwise, but, when you come to think of it, beauty neither adds to nor mitigates the horrors of an affair like that. President Garfield’s daughter is lost to sight in the innumerable army of Browns, and now the daughter of President Hayes has joined the SinitteSi - It is evident that neither of these young women is seeking fame in a name. With a gale at sixty-four miles an hour it is not necessarily slangy to say that September blew in in great shape.

BUBBLES IN THE Am. Concentrating It. “So Brown is married at last? I thought he was a confirmed womanhater.” “Well?” Tlie Worrier. “Does your husband worry about the grocery bills?” asked the nagged-looking lady. “Law, no,” said the lady with the new silk skirt and the rusty shoes. “We let the grocer do all that.” Her Preference. "How doosid foolhardy those fellaws are who are wushing to the gold fields,” said Cholly. “I think more of a man who is foolhardy,” said Miss Jinjer, “than one who is a fool softy.” A Wise Salesman. “W'hat’s these here vases worth?” asked the gentleman with all kinds of new money. “The regular price is four dollars, but,” said the clerk, “seeing that it is you, I will make it seven-fifty.” “Gimme six of ’em.” VIEWS OF INDIANA EDITORS. The home market is the best market in the world for the American farmer.—Logansport Journal. The farmer is now turning the soil to put in another wheat crop. He whistles as he plows.—Madison Courier. Silver is the most ungrateful metal on earth. While Bryan flattered silver silver flattened Bryan.—Fort Wayne Gazette. Mr. Bryan may be a bright young man, but his prophetic bump received a pretty severe puncture when wheat went to a dollar.—Attica Ledger. Mr. Bryan will doubtless agree that one result of the prosperity boom has been a considerable enlargement of the area of the “enemy's country.”—Vincennes Commercial. The European nations who are grumbling about the Dingley tariff bill are overlooking the fact that it was enacted in the interest, of United States people and not for Europeans.—Goshen Times. Everybody warmly welcomes the unmistakable wave of prosperity that is now passing over the land. It has been a long time coming and that, perhaps, is one reason why its coming is appreciated so much. —Mount Vernon Republican. If the leaders allow themselves to be carried away by the idea that open defiance should be offered to the courts and the laws It. will be sorry for the strikers, and wall but postpone the time when they must be given fairer treatment and better wages. —Lafayette Courier. Os course it was the gold power which sent Statistician Mulhall over to this country to show that our prairie States upon which the free silverites built their hopes of last year produce five times as much food per each person as in the most advanced sections of Europe.—Wabash Tribune. Four years ago business was dead, factories saw no prospects of opening ahead, bank failures were frequent, farmers were discouraged and the federal government was borrowing money to pay expenses. Contrast that with now'. Everything is different; everything is better. It is a long and rough way from Cleveland to McKinley.—Anderson Herald. James R. Arthur, a prominent farmer of Harrison township and also a rampant Populist and free silver advocate, certainly believes that prosperity Is no hoax and that the Dingley bill is already doing the farmers a power of good. Saturday he sold forty-seven head of cattle at $5.05 per hundred’ pounds. The lot averaged $65 per head. Verily, prosperity has struck the land. —'Washington Gazette. John G. Clarke, of Westfield, who has been buying horses for the Indianapolis market, heard that horses were selling for a song out in Nebraska and so went to that

State to buy a carload to ship East. He stayed in Bryan’s State for a few weeks and finally came home without any horses. He found the farmers with a bier wheat and corn crop on their hands, prices advancingl—in short they w r ere in high glee—and were holding their horses for about S3O more than Clarke w r anted to pay.—Noblesville Ledger. A well-known Bryanite hired a Republican to work for him last harvest and offered to give him a dollar a day or two bushels of wheat. He said he didn't care which—that wheat would never be a greater price than it was then under a gold standard. The Republican agreed to take the wheat, and the Bryanite, when he threshed hustled his wheat to market at 62 cents a bushel. In ten days the market advanced until he had lost $l5O because of his tenacious belief in the Bryan silver and whea.t theory and at the present market his loss is nearly $1,200. The other day the Republican called for a settlement and the Bryanite offered to pay him cash. He wouldn’t have it that way, however, and demanded two bushels of wheat for each day. That was the contract and the Bryanite finally gave in—taking the grain from his family reserve. The Republican had bottled up confidence and got nearly two dollars for one, and the Bryanite paid dearly for his experience.—Washington Gazette. Anent Col. Lelimunowsky. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: Colonel John Lehmanowsky was a resident of Knightstown, Henry county, for a number of years during the earlier half of the century. Only a few r years ago the older citizens could still point out the log house that he occupied. I think that my father knew him personally and I have heard him repeat many of his stories of war and adventure. He was a Polander and was a man of sta.wart frame and commanding appearance. He claimed to have taken part in eighty pitched battles and to have served in all varieties of climate from the burning sands of Egypt to the arctic winter of Russia. It was his boast that in all his long military career neither a dTop of any intoxicant nor an oath ever passed his lips. He claimed to have been in command of the body of troops that stormed the Spanish Inquisition and released the prisoners confined in its underground cells, and his sketch of the place and its horrors, which were so great that they provoked the soldiers to a frenzy of fury that proved to be wholly uncontrollable, was a piece of vivid and powerful writing. He was a great champion of temperance, and lectured in behalf of total abstinence long before th‘e days of “blue ribbons” and “crusades,” and prohibitory amendments. He devoted himself, however, to preaching the gospel, and it has been thought that, beyond the necessities of a plain life, he devoted all his little income from the lectures on Napoleon and other sources to the advancement of the cause that was nearest his heart. 1 have heard that there w r ere some relatives who lived with him. and kept house for him in the Knightstown home, and there are certainly those still living in that little city who remember much concerning the man and his life. Like your other correspondents, I am impressed with the Idea that Colonel Lehmanowsky must have been the author of "The Life of Napoleon” that is attracting attention. BENJAMIN S. PARKER. New Castle, Ind., Aug. 31.

West Doesn't Need Money. New York Letter in Philadelphia Press. In the latter part of June President Tappen and President Hepburn, formerly controller of the currency, the manager of the clearing house and other bankers of the highest authority and inclination, in response to a question respecting the rate of interest for money, declared unanimously that it w r ould harden early in August, since in that month there would come a great demand on New York banks for money to move the crops. It is, of course, trite to say that such a demand has always been experienced, since American crops were moved at all in the West. Every one here who had experience with our markets during the four sad years of Cleveland’s administration remembers with what desperate ingenuity the New York Clearing House Association banks responded to the demand that came from the West, often piteously made, for money during the money famine in 1893. This year the West seems, so far, at least, to be in no need of money. The bankers have been waiting rather eagerly for the call, but they have not*yet heard it. The fall is open, and the West and South seem by some mysterious dispensation to have all the money they need. The cry of the agitators in the last campaign has been refuted, since there seems to be no money famine anywhere. Even Kansas, no longer bleeding Kansas, is rubbing its eyes in astonishment, since there is little demand at its local banks for loans. The New York banks, to their astonishment, find that, instead of a depletion of reserves. they actually have made a gain of more than $6,000,000 in the middle of August; an unprecedented experience. All sorts of explanations are given, but the common belief is that the simplest one is the best, and that is that the farmers and the bankers in the rural districts find that they have currency enough to start their crops along toward the seaboard without going to the financial centers, which they have always done in the past. Whatever may be the cause of this unexpected and unprecedented condition, one of its results, doubtless, is to delay the outward move of gold from Europe to this country, and it was said to-day that this single fact had probably done more to retard the exportation of gold than all of the undertakings that the Bank of England and financiers of Europe have in concert attempted. Negro Mechanics. Atlanta Constitution. Negroes are rapidly filling the trades. As carpenters, bricklayers, plasterers, blacksmiths, whe'elrights, they are growing more numerous, and making it more and more difficult for white men to prosper in these fields of labor. A glance at the white schools and the negro schools of the South will show that the negro schools are teaching their pupils more of the practical needs of life, and fitting them to earn a livelihood better than the white schools are. For every white technological school the negroes have half a dozen with technological and industrial features. Every y’cjkr young men are being turned out of the negro schools in the South who have been taught carpentry, shoemaking, printing, the general use of tools, scientific farming, in addition to the usual academic courses, and young women who are taught cooking, washing, sewing, dressmaking, nursing and housekeeping. When a young negro man or woman leaves any one of more than a dozen schools in the South he or she is ’equipped for earning a livelihood, and for advancing the standard of the race. Our children need arousing to the importance of technological and industrial education. We want educated hands as well as educated heads. English. News of Klondike. London Telegraph. Whatever may be the chances for fortune making at the new diggings in the Yukon riv’er, there can be no doubt of the desire on the part of the proprietor of the leading and most luxurious hotel at Klondike to make things comfortable for his guests. The following are rules and regulations of conduct at that establishment: “Board must be paid in advance, with beans $25, without beans, sl2. Salt free, no extras allowed, potatoes for dinner, pocketing at meals strictly forbidden. Gentlemen are expected to wash out of doors, and find their own water. No charges for ice, towelbags at the end of the house. Extra charge for seats around the stove. Lodgers must find their own straw; beds on the barroom floor reserved for regular customers. Persons sleeping in the barn are requested not to taka their boots off. Lodgers must aris’e at 5 a. m.. in the barn, at 6 a. m. No fighting at table. Anyone violating the above rules will be shot.” Bryan’* Book. Kansas City Journal. People may go into the second-hand hook stores at Topeka and buy W. J. Bryan’s “First Battle” at 50 cents a copy. Before another half year rolls around the secondhand dealers will be shipping the books East for sale .as old paper. There is now a patent medicine fakir traveling over Kansas who gives away a copy of the book with each of bottle of medicine sold. Out of Place. Detroit Free Press. What business have Populist leaders mixing up with the labor leaders at St. Louis? They should be given a time allowance with the alternative <of a boot toe. Their latest and most gigantic effort was to pay the labor of this country 50 cents on the dollar. If their advice is to dominate the action of the convention it is just as well to -prepare for the worst. A Sian. New York Evening Sun. “The place is ali right,” she said, three minutes after arrival, "but I’m afraid I shan’t like the people. While you were registering three women came up to the desk and asked for lined letter paper.” W hat 1m Wanted. Kansas City Journal. “Debs’s Latest.” is a newspaper headline. But th*- public doesn’t care tor Debs’s latest. What the public wants to hear is Debss last.

CANNOT DISCRIMINATE SECRETARY SHERMAN SERVES NOTICE ON THE STATE OF lOW A. Foreign Insurance Companies Mnst Not Be Taxed Higher than Home Concerns—lncrease in Public Debt. WASHINGTON, Sept. I—The attention of the Department of the State has been drawn to the fact that the State of lowa by statute has attempted to discriminate against foreign insurance companies doing business in the State. As there were indications of a similar intention on the part of other States, and the matter was clearly in violation of the treaties made with certain nations, Secretary Sherman addressed the following letter to the Governor of Iowa: "Sir—lt has been orally represented to this department by the minister of Switzerland at this capital that the State of lowa has laid a tax on the premium income of European insurance companies greater than the tax imposed on the premium income of American companies. As this action operates to the disadvantage of Swiss insurance companies doing business in lowa the minister submits that it is violative of the treaty rights of Swiss citizens as set forth in Article 2 of the treaty concluded Nov. 25, 1850, between the United States and Switzerland. “In order that the bearing of the reported moasure on the treaty rights of Swiss citizens may be duly taken into account, I have the honor to quote the pertinent provision of said Article 2, as follows: ‘No higher impost, under whatever name, shall be exacted from the citizens of one of the two countries residing or established in the other, than shall be levied on the citizens of the country in which they reside, nor any contribution whatever to which the latter shall not be liable.’ ”

ON HIS W AY TO SPAIN. Minister Woodford Leaves Paris for San Sebastian. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—Mr. Woodford, the United States minister to Spain, advised the State Department that he would le>ave Paris to-day for San Sebastian, the seat of the Spanish court in summer. Contrary to the original expectation, it is now believed that Mr. Woodford will be presented to the Queen Regent at San Sebastian. It is said to be only in exceptional cases that presentations of new ministers are made at that place, the court fiction being that the royal family is in retirement for the time being, just as the President in this country escapes the larger part of official business during his summer vacations away from Wasnington. Mr. Woodford, however, will not be prevented from relieving Mr. Taylor, the retiring United States minister, by the postponement of his formal presentation, nor will he be estopped entirely from the performance of his duties. It is expected that he will be informally presented to the Spanish minister for foreign affairs at San Sebastian, and that he will be recognized by the Spanish government immediately thereafter to the extent of transacting business cf any emergency character and such as does not involve questions of large policy. This limitation, of course, will delay for a time the execution of such instructions from President McKinley as Mr. Woodford may have touching the broad question of Cuban autonomy and the abatement of the personal conditions in Cuba, but the delay will not last. long, since as soon as the Spanish court returns to Madrid Mr. Woodford will bo accorded full recognition as a minister plenipotentiary, and will be in position to present his views immediately. The report of Attorney Calderon Carlisle, of this city, the legal adviser of the Spanish government in this country, to Senor Dupuy de Lome, the Spanish minister, on the subject of the Cuban question in this country, with particular reference to filibustering expeditions, was made public today. It is an exhaustive document of over six hundred printed pages and abounds in copious extracts from judicial opinions and documents of various kinds bearing upon the relations of the United States with Spain as regards the Cuban insurrection. Special reference is made to the laws of the United States and proceedings thereunder to prevent expeditions against the lawful government of Spain in Cuba leaving the United States. This is the seebnd report on this line by Mr. Carlisle, the former one having reviewed the attitude of this government towards all nations on the subject of neutrality. The present report deals particularly with the municipal laws of the United States and their construction by the courts as furnishing the means at the command of the government to fulfill what is termed the international duty of the United States, “admitted to principal at least by proclamations of the President." It says that while the practical results of the Supreme Court decision in the Three Friends case have not been as immediate as might well have been expected, it has a far-reaching importance, the ultimate consequences of which are yet to be seen.

TREASURY STATEMENT. Increase of *14.888,4T8 in the Public Debt Lat Month. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—The monthly statement of the public debt Issued at thfe Treasury Department to-day shows the debt less cash in the treasury to be $1,008,335,121, which is an increase for the month of $14,888,475. This increase is accounted for by a corresponding decrease in the amount of cash on hand. The debt is recapitulated as follows: Interest bearing debt $847,365,540 Debt on which interest has ceased since maturity 1,336,280 Debt bearing no interest 378,194,507 Total $1,226,896,327 The above amount, however, does not include $593,961,953 in certificates and treasury notes outstanding, which are offset by an equal amount of cash in the treasury. The cash in the treasury Is classified as follows: Gold $181,234,165 Silver 519.368.486 Paper 139,427,034 Bonds, disbursing officers balances, etc 18.115,651 Total $858,145,387 Against the abovb there are demand liabilities outstanding amounting to $639,584,160, which leaves a cash balance in the treasury of $218,561,206. Docket of the Supreme Court. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—The docket for the next term of the United States Supreme Court, which will begin on the 11th of October, is being prepared. It contains to date 446 cases, showing an addition of sixtythree cases since the adjournment of the court in May. Os these oases 128 are from the state courts, 119 from the new federal courts of appeal, forty-nine from the United States circuit courts, forty-six from the territorial courts, thirty-two from the courts of the District of Columbia, twenty-nine from the Court of Claims, twenty-six from the Private Land Court and seventeen from the United States district courts. There were 595 cases on the docket when the court convened in October, 1896. This year the number will he fully one hundred less. The constant falling off indicate s that the court will soon be quite up to date with Us business. The diminution of cases coming to this tribunal has been caused principally by the creation of the United States courts oi appeal, causing a falling off from 1,000 to 1,509 cases per year in the cases brought to this court from the United States Circuit Court. • Nicaragua Canal Commission. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—Admiral Walker, president of the Nicaragua canal commission, had a conference with Secretary Sherman to-day regarding some of the details of the work of the commission which is now making a thorough examination of the great mass of papers and documents relating to the canal. It is expected that Captain Career, the engineer officer who is a member of the board, will return about the 18th of this month and a meeting will be held in New York on his return. The commission does not expect to get through its work in Washington so that it can sail for Nicaragua before Nov. 1. Safe Robbed of $9,090. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—The safe of the district tax collector's office was robbed last night of all of Its contents, amounting to about $9,000, received during the day for taxes. The* loss was discovered whan Cashier Chamberlain opened the safe as usual this morning. The safe had not been tampered with and the police believe that Varick Hawkins, the negro messenger of the tax collector, learned the combination and robbed the safe after office hours. He was the last employe to leave the office yesterday, remaining behind for the alleged purpose of washing the windows. He failed to report for duty to-day and the police

are searching for him. It is said that h® has been living beyond his means for time, and has spent a large part of hia salary on theaters and fast women neglecting his wife. Hawkins had not been captured up to midnight, and the police were without a clew as to the whereabouts of the fugitive. During the afternoon the district commissioners offered a reward of $250 for the apprehension of Hawkins, and to-nigh*. th® reward was increased to SSOO. To Be Deported from Calm. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—Consul General Lee has Just reported to the State Department his action in the case of the American citizen, James Thomas Carry, who has been held captive by the Spanish authorities in Cuba. He cables to-day that Carry was born in Cedar Falls. la., and lived twentythree years in Chicago. He has been engaged in the insurrection for eighteen months, but the consul general has succeeded in arranging to send him out of Cuba bound for New York next Thursday. Two Offices Declared Vncant. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—Secretary Gaga to-day accepted the resignation of General John B. Clark, of Missouri, who was chief of the material division of the treasury. His salary was $2,500. The position is no lor ger ’'necessary and no one will be appointed to succeed him. General Clark was at one time clerk of the House of Representatives. C. R. Mcßlair, of Maryland, chief of the photographic division, was suspended, as Secretary Gage decided that his position also was superflous for the present. It paid $2.000. Appointment* by the President. WASHINGTON. Sept. I.—The President has appointed Albert Ross, commander United States navy; Howell P. Mytor, commissioner to allot lands to the Uncompaghr® Indians in Utah, and the following postmasters: George H. Service, at Now Carlisle, Ind.: William A. Banks, at Ind.; George H. McKinley, at Moline. 111.; Samuel S. Dingre, at Willmette, 111.; Everett Osgood, at Winnetka, 111. General Notes. WASHINGTON, Sept. I.—To-day’s statement of the condition of the treasury shows: Available cash balance, $218,561,206; gold reserve, $144,216,376. The Treasury Department has prepared the figures showing the immigration for the month of July. They show a total immigration into the United States of 14,756, against 21,471 for the corresponding month last year. The Treasury Department received a telegraphic request to-day from the collector at Port Huron. Mich., for the admission of a company of Canadian militia, which desires to enter the United States on an excursion. The request was referred to the State Department, which usually confers with the state authorities regarding such requests.

TO RATIFY THE TREATY ® EXTRA SESSION OF HAWAIIAN SENATE TO SANCTION ANNEXATION. Rnmor that President McKinley Will Call Coiißress Early to Also Consider the Hawaiian Question. a SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. I.—The steamer Australia, from Honolulu direct, arrived today with the following Hawaiian advices: Francis M. Hatch, minister to Washington, arrived Aug. 20 with special Information, which will require .the attention of both government and Senate and a secret notice has already been issued to the membera of the latter body, calling on them to meet in extra session Sept. 6 to consider the question. Meanwhile, Minister Hatch is in almost constant consultation with President Dole and his Cabinet. The law makers will be asked to ratify the annexation treaty recently signed in Washington and as a majority of members favor annexation the matter will be rushed through. The reason for the extra session of the Senate is a matter of conjecture and much curiosity is evinced. A senator is authority for the statement that Minister Hatch brought word from President McKinley that he had resolved to call Congress two months earier than usual for the purpose of disposing of the treaty before the regular session, and this theory appears to find favor with other senators. Another matter to be considered by the Hawaiian Senate is that of rendering assistance to the executive in unravelling the Japanese muddle, as it is said that Japan’s acceptance of the offer of arbitration is so vague that the President and his Cabinet are u a quandary. There are rumors of a split in the Cabinet over the question, and it is said that intervention of the Senate is required to prevent an open rupture. The Hawaiian Star created a sensation by the publication of a scheme alleging to have been backed by the Sugar Trust to block annexation. It is said that a call haa been made for a mammoth demonstration Sept. 14 against closer political union with the United States. Senators Morgan and Quay are expected to arrive from the United States that day and the object of the anti-annexation demonstration is to impress them with the feeling upon the island. The United States steamship Bennington arrived from San Diego Aug. 24, after a run of nine days and the Marion is expected to leave on the 26th for Mare island. James B. Castle, who has held the position of collector of customs since the Queen was deposed, has resigned on account of ill health. It is rumored, however, that the real cause of his resignation is dissatisfaction with the manner in which the Cabinet is managing the Japanese affair. Castle controls a new-spaper and it is generally believed he will now devote his whole time and attention to conducting a vigorous attack upon the officials. It is understood that he is particularly bitter against Cooper, minister of foreign affairs, whom Castle believes to be unsuited for that important position. If Cooper is retired Match may take up the portfolio again, but in this event it is fully understood that Hatch will not return to the Unied States. L, A. Thurson, who was sent home by Secretary Gresham, is spoken of as his successor at Washington. _ Hawaiian Reports Doubted. WASHINGTON, Sept. 1.-There is no disposition among officials here to question the correctness of the statement in the dispatches from Hawaii to the effect that Minister Hatch hurried to Honolulu with the special purpose of securing annexation action by the Hawaiian government in advance of the meeting of our Congress. There is no rule in diplomatic practice that would forbid Hawaii first acting on the treaty and the treaty itself docs not Indicate which government Is to take the initiative in the ratification. While it is regarded as desirable in the execution of the policy of President McKinley towards Hawaii, as laid down in the message l transmitting the treaty to Congress last June that the dooume/nt shall be ready in all resists for the action of the United States Senate at its next session, it is not believed that the president has any intention of calling a special session for the purpose of ratineation. Indeed, conceding the fact that if the Hawaiian Legislature acts with the greatest promptness upon the treaty it can scarcely complete this action and return the ratified convention to Washington before October at the earliest. It would appear to be unnecessary to advance the session of Congress by kuch a short space of time as would intervene between that date and the date upon* which Congress meets in regular session. Heir to $2,000,000. OAKLAND, Cal., Sept. I.—Fred Horton, a young man of Los Angeles, has fallen heir to a fortune amassed by his father, Philip Horton, a well-known Californian, the news of whose sudden death three weeks ago has been received by relatives in Oakland through the United States consul at Guaymas. The father and son have been separated for many years. The youth, now about nineteen years of age, was a child when his parents were divorced. The mother, who subsequently remarried, took the boy with her and the father left California. He settled in a Mexican town near Guaymas and there established a flour mill business. By thrift and industry he accumulated a large estate, the value of Which has been reported at $2,000,000. More Currency to Move Crops. NEW YORK, Sept. I.—Currency transfers for $150,000 were received at tlie subtreasury to-day for shipment to Southern and Southwestern points. Some of the orders will be filled at the New Orleans subtreasury, a number of the leading bankers in this city also received orders for currency from the South to-day. Altogether something like $8. 000, 000 has been shipped from here within the past week.