Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 September 1897 — Page 4

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THE DAILY JOURNAL WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1897. Vathinpion Gffice—lfC3 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Calls. Business Office 238 1 Editorial Rooms...A 86 TER.VS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY BY MAIL. Daily only, one month $ .70 Daily onlv, thiec months 2.00 Dally only, r.ne year 8.00 Daily, including Sunday, one year 10.00 Bunday only, one year 2.00 when furnished by agents. Daily, per week, by earlier 15 cts runiifty, single copy Sets Daily and bunday, per week, by carriers....2o cts T ANARUS, WEEKLY. Per year SI.OO Reduced Hu ten to Cluljm. Subscribe .vlth any of our numerous agents or send subscriptions to 'imi I.vDiA.vAPOLIB JOURNAL, Indtunuyiolis, lmi. Perrons sending the Journal through the mails in .ne United States should put on an eight-page paper a O.Ni-;-i tM postage stamp; on a twelve or sixteen-page paper a TVVO-OENT postage rat* * G,e ** n Postage is usually double these All communications Intended for publication In inis paper must, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the wntcr. It It is desired that rejected manuscripts os returned, postage must in all cases be inclosed lor that purpose. THE IXUIA N A I*OLIS J 6 U IINAL Le fouud at the following places; r*ii\V YORK—Windsor Hotel and Astor House. ÜBl'A GO —Palmer House and P. O. News Cos., 217 Dearborn street. CINCINNATI—J. R. Hawley & Cos., 154 Vine street. _ —C. T. Leering, northwest corner ot i hird and Jefferson streets, and Louisville Lock Cos., 266 Four ill avenue. ST. LOUlS—Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C.—Riggs House, Kbbitt House, Willard’s Hotel and the Washington Aev, s Exchange, Fourteenth street, between I’enn. aver.ue and F street. One dots not hear of any new discoveries of silver these days. And so far as known nobody is prospecting for it except, a forlorn hope led by Mr. Bryan. When Mr. Ratchford urges that the President call a special session of Congress in the interest of the coal miners, he forgets that there are others. Current dispatches indicate that if General Weyler is looking to history for vindication against charges of cruelty and ruffianism he will look in vain. It is the general sense of the country that government by injunction has been pushed too far by a few narrow and technical judges, and that there should be a revision of boundary lines in favor of sonuiar rights. Considering that the last Cleveland administration came in on a reform platform it is somewhat surprising to find so many ot its officials being arrested for shortages, embezzlement or other malfeasance in office. The action of the Democratic committee of Pennsylvania in expelling W. F. Harrity from the national committee because he declined to take part in the Bryan campaign is an amazing piece of political folly. It shows that the leaders of the Bryan faction in Pennsylvania are incapable of learning or forgetting anything and are determined to court a defeat in 1900 more crushing than that of 1896. In so far as the action shows a belief that the obsolete issue of free silver at 16 to 1 can be kept alive, it is an exhibition of political idiocy. Dispatches regarding the status of the miners’ strike are not quite definite, but they indicate an agreement between the operators and miners on the basis of a resumption of operations at 64 cents a ton, pending arbitration. Such an agreement wculd be a fair compromise, as the operators have been paying less, while the miners demand more. Moreover, it would be a distinct victory for the principle of arbitration which, in respect of equity and common sense, is a great advance on strikes and lockouts. If it shall prove that the present strike has been temporarily settled on that line, it will indicate a permanent adjustment on a fair basis, which is greatly to be desired for the sake of all business interests. To-day President McKinley will attend the wedding of Miss Hayes, daughter of the late President Hayes, at Fremont, 0., and later the reunion of his old regiment, the Twenty-third Ohio, of which Hayes was sucessively major, lieutenant colonel and colonel, while McKinley was private, sergeant, lieutenant, captain and brevet major. No other regiment can boast the honor of having furnished two Presidents. The Miss Hayes who is to be married to-day was born before her father’s election as President. but was christened in the Kast room of the White House shortly after his inauguration nnd while McKinley was serving his first term in Congress. The events of to-day will stir up many reminiscences. A year ago the New York Journal was foremost among the deluded organs of Bryanitm that were trying to convince people that the salvation of the country depended on the election of the* Nebraska statesman and the enthronement of free silver. What might have happened if Bryan had been elected can only be conjectured, but what has happened is so patent that even the New York Journal sees it. It introduces several columns showing the enormous increase in work in New York during the last few weeks, as follows: *tea 1 prosperity has at last struck New vork. The laboring man knows all about ft. for he has already begun to reap bis harvest. There is employment now for nearly all, and though wages have not been greatly increased, pay envelopes are fatter, because artisans work six days a week instead of half time, as many did six months ago. It is estimated by labor statisticians, men who keep track of the labor demand as closely as Wall street watches the market, that not over 5 per cent, of the working class is now in idleness. Six months ago between 35 and I'i per cent, of the toilers were out of work, and in the dead of winter probably every other man who depends on his muscle to earn his livelihood was without steady employment. There* were then nearly 10\000 dependent on friends or charity, or drawing their little savings to get bread for themselves and their families. Today less than ten thousand in the Greater New York are out of work, and some of those are of the shiftless classes, who would not work under any circumstances. The Journal dots not go so far as to attribute these improved conditions to the restoration of confidence caused by the election of McKinley and the enactment of the Dingley tariff, but other people can draw their own conclusions ‘’Don't go to the Klondike now; you will starve to is the cry of returning miners from that region. “No danger of starvation; plenty of food on hand, and game and fish to fail back on.” is the opposite assurance sent back by adventurers on the way. There is room for suspicion that the warnings are colored somewhat by the selfish desire of those who have a foothold in the land of gold to keep the multitudes away, and that the other story is tinged witb the enthusiasm of hopeful men who have not yet encountered the worst. But, whatever be the truth, no words of warning will keep the crowds away so long as the stories of fresh discoveries of gold continue to come and the

men who return all bring bags of nuggets. Suppose starvation is an incident of the search; suppose the bones of the unsuccessful strew the mountain passes, hope will ever flit before the rest, and some will “arrive.” When adventurous Americans have set about an achievement of this kind they have always won; they will win now. Many will fall by the way—it is the history of such undertakings—but more will go on. Science, enterprise and skill will go with them, and presently into that bleak region will come railroads and machinery and the comforts, if not the luxuries, of civilization. A high price will be paid for them in the form of life and suffering, but that is the history of the advance of civilization everywhere. At all events, it is not worth while to try to stem the tide that is setting towards the Klondike. Th >ugh it may waste itself on a bitter shore, its current now is irresistible. THE FARMERS AND LABOR STRIKES. Indications are that the National Farmers’ Congress now in session at St. Paul will pass resolutions deprecating labor strikes and asking Congress to legislate for their better control and the protection of interstate commerce during their continuance. The organization referred to is a thoroughly representative one and entitled to speak for the farmers of the country in general. The president of the organization is reported as saying: “I believe that strikes are often necessary, but I also believe that they should be made a last resort, lam in favor of requesting the federal Congress to direct the enforcement of the interstate-commerce laws, which protect commerce at all times.” It would be a singular coincidence if at the very time when a convention of labor leaders in St. Louis is protesting against the putting of any legal restraint on strikes and strikers, a convention of representative farmers in St. Paul should ask for more rigid restraint. The truth is the interest of farmers in the matter of general strikes is entirely different from that of miners and most other wage earners. That farmers are laborers none will deny. Asa class they work as hard and steadily as any other. But most of them w’ork on their own account and therefore are not wage earners in the strict sense, and those who work for wages are not in labor organizations. Asa class they greatly outnumber any other class of laborers, if not all other classes combined. According to the census of 1890 42 per cent, of the entire population lived in cities and towns of one thousand inhabitants or more, and the remaining 58 per cent, in villages and the country. The farmers constitute about one-half the entire population of the country. It needs no argument to show why they are opposed to general strikes which tie up the industries or the transportation of the country. They are interested in getting their products to market and in having as great a body of consumers as possible all the time. In other words, they are interested in having railroad traffic unimpeded and in having as many persons as possible earning wages in order that they may be buyers and consumers of farm products. One may say this is a selfish reason for wishing strikes to be controlled and restricted by law, but farmers are as selfish as other people. Strikes themselves are the result of a desire on the part of wage earners to advance their own interests, and this is a specie® of selfishness. The same principle permeates society in all directions. Farmers have as much right to look out for their interests as any other class, and unquestionably it is to their interest to have the railroads kept open and every other branch of industry in full blast. With organized labor demanding protection for strikes and the farmers asking for their restriction Congress will scarcely know what to do. In commenting, recently, on the faxit that a British commission had been appointed to promote the development of British trade in South and Central America the Journal suggested that this might be due to a growing fear of American competition. This proves to have been the case. The British Iron Trade Association, in urging the appointment of the commission, says that in the countries named “American and continental competition in iron and steel has of late years become vfcry keen, and is likely to become increasingly severe. The United States appear tc have decided that they will in the future do with South American countries what they have already attempted in the Canadian markets, and with considerable success—that is, to dispossess British manufacturers entirely, or almost so.” The association admits that in this competition American iron manufacturers have great natural advantages, some of which are summarized as follows: The command of abundant supplies of raw materials ot high quality at a cheap rate, in which respect they are much ahead of Groat Britain; the command of remarkably low rates of railway and canal transport, in which, again, they are much ahead of our own country, and the possession of highly efficient industrial and mechanical equipment, in which are included the newest and most modern process and appliances, for which they are largely indebted to the ingenuity and adaptability of their working population; the almost entire absence of the restrictions on industrial working which in our own country are imposed by trades unions; the comparative rarity of serious liiljor disputes, and the high efficiency of American skilled artisans and their ai>normally high powers of production, an American workman turning out in many cases from one-half more to twice as much as a British workman for a day's record. It is probable that this statement from a British source lays too much stress on the superior freedom of American manufacturers from restrictions imposed by trade unions, as these restrictions can hardly be more binding in England than they are here, but aside from this the extract is a clear admission of American superiority in some important respects. Governor Mount said to the "old settlers” at Oak Grove, last Saturday, that the farmers of to-day should be the best patrons of the daily newspapers and they should keep thoroughly posted on the markets. “Watch them carefully,” he urged, “and thereby learn when to dispose of your stock and grain to th’e best advantage.” Governor Mount is a living example of the results of newspaper reading, for with all his natural intelligence and his acquaintance with books it is impossible that he could have that intimate acquaintance with public affairs and the interests of the State which makes his administration so wise had he not been a diligent reader of the newspapers. But he was a successful farmer before he entered public life, and knows whereof he speaks when he rates the daily newspaper as an indispensable factor In* a farmer's success. A good many ot the men who listened to his address doubtless knew its truth by experience, but others needvd the advice. They should heed it without delay. There was never a time when it was more profitable to watch the market for farm products closely than at present. Prices are constantly shifting and thv; neglect of a day in keeping posted may make an important difference in the profit of a bale. The Journal has many patrons

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1897.

among the farmers and makes a special effort to meet their wants in this line. Its local markets are carefully corrected every day according to the advices of leading dealers, and its telegraphic prices are, of course, absolutely correct also. This is emphatically the farmer’s year, and he should lose none of its benefits tnrough failure to keep in touch with the business world—a thing that can be done only through the newspapers. BUBBLES IN THE AIR. No Doubt. “Which is the best route to the Klondike?” “The root of all evil seems to be the most effective.” The Cheerful Idiot. “Isn’t this Kneipp cure something like Christian science?” asked the elderly boarder. “Well,” said the Cheerful Idiot, “it does its work through the sole.” The Krafion Why. Sculps—l hear you are painting a portrait of old Gotrox. Pinksit—Yes. “Full length?” “Nope, only half. I wanted to take a full length, but he wouldn’t stand for it.” Exact. “Are you in pain, my little man?” asked the kind old gentleman. “No,” answered the boy. “The pain's in me.” And quinine w’asn’t one, two, three with the bitterness of his weeping. The death of Mrs. John Drew will bring regret to all who have been entertained by her stage representations—meaning a multitude of people. In her younger days she displayed much versatility, it is said, and essayed tragic roles as well as lighter ones, but she had a genius for high comedy, and it was in such parts as “Lady Teazle” and “Mrs. Malaprop” that she won her fame. In the latter role she was irresistible. Twice within the past five or six years she made a tour of the country with a “star” company playing “The Rivals,” and those who saw the presentations, especially the first one, when William J. Florence was one of the stars, remember them as events of a lifetime. She did not act Mrs. Malaprop; for the time being she was Mrs. Malaprop, with all her absurd airs and graces and ridiculous blunders, and in spite of Jefferson, Florence and the rest w*as the center of attraction. It is in this character that she will be best remembered, and this generation of theater-goers will never see that famous old play again without a thought of her. Some, indeed, may never care to see it again, preferring to keep the vivid recollection of these last brilliant presentations, knowing that never again will they see them equaled. To have had this power to make the world laugh was to make her life worth living whether she so realized it or not, for it is a great and genuine service to humanity to enable it to forget its burdens in a smile. No actress now before the public can quite fill Mrs. Drew’s place. The W. C. T. U. organizer for Alaska has returned from that country and reports that the people whom she saw are much interested in the work and that several promising branches have been organized there. Either she didn’t “meet up” with the Klondike tourists or the reports tliat are wafted down from that region through other sources than the W. C. T. U. concerning the shipment and use of much strong liquor up there are incorrect. At all events, there is a discrepancy in the testimony. The attention of Mrs. Charlotte Smith, the Boston reformer who wants all men to marry so that the women may be taken care of, is directed to the case of Mr. Luetgert, of Chicago, and the manner in which he “took care” of his wife. Even Charlotte in her zeal to solve the labor question probably has no wish to encourage the boiling of women in potash. The sweet influence of woman that they have been saying was needed in the Klondike region is already being felt. It made itself felt with a revolver wielded by the fair hands of a female gold seeker in an attempt to reduce a steamship purser to subjection. Most travelers have seen the time when they w*ould like to shoot a purser, but it is only gentle woman who undertakes the job. There may be something in a name. Pearls are found in White river, Indiana, and White river, Arkansas, and now comes General Duffleld, superintendent of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, and says: “Another stream on which lam certain there are large amounts of gold to be obtained, for the same reason that applies to the Stewart, is the White river.” All the White rivers ought to be prospected. The flourishing city of Mishawaka, Ind., is about to have added to its industries a manufactory of rubber goods, strongly backed by Eastern capital, which will give employment to from 350 to 400 persons Whatever contributes to the general prosperity of the State is of interest to all its citizens. Macmillan river, where new and rich gold discoveries gre reported to have been made, is on the Canadian side of the line, but there is a vast unexplored country on the American side, and nature has no British sympathies. It is to be hoped that the buckets full of gold nuggets which are being brought into the United States now will not drift into bucket shops. That would be an ignoble ending of such hard-earned wealth. “A SOUTHERN BEAUTY.” Society Woman Objects to Sale of Her I'icturcM and 1m Buying All She Cun. NEW YORK, Aug. 31.—Mrs, Edward Bright, one of the most beautiful of the society leaders of New Orleans, has just succeeded in buying up a large stock of her own photographs which were offered for public sale in many retail shops in this city. Mrs. Bright, who,as Miss Ella Mehle.was the belle of New Orleans, was a queen of the Mardi Gras, and was photographed in her costume. In some way the negative escaped from the hands of the photographer and found its way to New York. Prints were made of it tor the purpose of illustrating anew process of photography. Os course, nobody knew who the beautiful original was, and the prints were scattered broadcast. So long as the picture went to the photograph trade only Mrs. Bright did not hear of it. But when some enterprising photographer reproduced it in large sizes, labeled it “A Southern Beauty” and sold it to fancy shops which offered the pictures for sale at 15 cents a copy. Mrs. Bright s friends in New* York soon wrote to her about the matter, and the lady was naturally indignant. Her husband engaged a detective, and ordered him to buy up all the copies he could. .Disguised as a peddler of photographs he purchased all that were offered for sale. When he chanced into the shop of a dealer named Rosenbaum, in Park row, he found six hundred of the prints. These had been bought at auction for $3. When the detective offered to take the lot Rosenbaum demanded $33, which was promptly paid. Then the dealer told the detective that h? had a bundle of pictures of two more ’Southern beauties,” but w hen they came to be examined they were found not to be society women, but concerthall performers in New Orleans, in whom the detective was not Interested. Now that the storv is out. it is probable the supply of Mrs. Bright’s pictures will increase and the offerings be so large as to go beyond the capacity of Mr. Bright’s bank account to pay for. _ Assignment of E. B. U’uthhert. NEW YORK, Aug. 31.—Edward B. Cuthbert, doing business under the firm name of E. B. Cuthbert & Cos., bankers and brokers, to-day made a n assignment to Ernest H. Bail, v. r lth preferences of $78,000.

TILLERS OF THE SOIL SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL NATIONAL CONGRESS OF FARMERS. ♦— Delegates’Welcomed to the City of St. I‘uul by the Mayor ami the Governor of Minnesota. ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT e MR. CLAYTON*S VIEW OF NEEDS AND DUTIES OF AGRICULTURISTS. • ♦ - Annual Report of Secretary Stahl, Showing the Influence of the Organization in Sliuping Legislation. ST. PAUL, Aug. 31.—The seventeenth meeting of the Farmers’ National Congress of.the United States was called to order at the Capitol, in the Hall of Representatives, by President B. F. Clayton, o£ lndianola, la., this morning. The opening session was not largely attended, but more delegates are expected tor to-morrow. The delegate representation in the congress does not, at its maximum, exceed 500. The morning session was devoted largely to the matter of a formal welcome, and, following an invocation by Archbishop Ireland, the congress was greeted on behalf of the city of St. Paul by Mayor Doran; on behalf of the State Agricultural Society by President Weaver, of that organization; on behalf of the State by Governor Clough, and to these addresses, respectively, responses on behalf of the congress were made by John M. Stahl, of Illinois, secretary of the congress, and Hon. B. F. Clayton, of lowa, president. The morning session closed with the annual address of President Clayton, tie said in part; “Asa nation of progressive people, proud of our achievements and with a destiny of splendor, position ana power which can only oe portrayed by a master hand or a gifted tongue, we must acknowledge the nusbanaman and the tiller ot the soil as the prime influence elevating us to that end; and whether in peace or in war the farmer must’be considered the nrst lactor in tne wealth and staoility of the land. From the crude method of sowing the seed in the slime deposited by the overflow of the Nile and having it trampled in oy the swine, when all agricultural labor was performed by the lowest menial and the common slave, we have advanced to a point where agriculture is one ot the first sciences. “The farm is the foundation of wealth and the main source of national and state prosperity; but to the due and adequate success of the farm and the farmers there are issues pregnant with profound thought. In your deliberations, 1 am sure, important economic questions can and will be resolved to the advantage of agriculture. Changes in tne laws of common carriers, and especially in the more just and equitable interpretation of such laws, are not only demanded as due to the common rights of the people, but is of vital and substantial concern in making for your labor and the products of your labor a market and a corresponding reward, THE VOCATION OF FARMING. “It is doubtful if there is a proper appreciation of the vocation of farming. Only within a few years has agriculture taken its place on a par with other professions, although, like Atlas, it bears the world upon its shoulders. Our fathers looked upon the profession with pride and pleasure. and most of the great men of the past generation were farmers or sons of farmers. The argument generally advanced against it is, ‘labor,’ but no counting room or manufact.Qr^' free from this badge of the greatest blessing of the world. r ihe labor of the farm does not suffer from comparison with tliat of other vocations. It may be harder at times, but not so unmtermitting. It is more varied, and the results are surer. No panic invades it to scatter the gains of naif a lifetime, no strikes silence its machines or paralyze t.ie arms of its laborers. No fabrics or warehouses show so beautirul results as spung from the farmer’s hand. Fields white and yellow with their more than silver and golden harvests, and orchards bending uider their weight of fruit. It is not a business in whicn great fortunes can be ma.de and riches quickly and easily accumulated but the majority of the farmers are better off than the army ot employes in factories ° “Whether or not the different classes have moved forward equally in intellectual, physical or financial development, this fact is true: The farmer of this generatlo.n is confronted by problems more serious, and requiring more trained mind to solve than were presented to the generations which cut off the primeval forests and planted the virgin soil, but he holds in his hands a key to these problems and the power to redress his wrongs. He should therefore educate himself to a full understanding of his grievance® and to a sufficient knowledge of the principles which should be employed to re “Tluf farmer reads little and is often doubtful that lie is the better from that little; from it he learns more things to brood over without finding a remedy. The little glimpses he obtains of the world in what he reads intensifies his prejudices and does not prepare him to cope with apparent ills. He brushes so little against a world of which he is so important a part that the world practically ignores his existence. He Is enumerated in the tables ol population but expunged from statistical lists of■ the Nation’s representatives. He is enrolled on the tax list but canceled in the catalogue of those who levy taxes. He is registered in the poll book but disfranchised of the privileges and immunities of a citizen. “Whether the farmers of America will assert their sovereignty remains to be seen. No one conscious of his P9wei will willingly remain a slave, but it is strength ot intellect and mind which must win in all economic struggles. The outlook is promising. The real crystallization is apparent in the unity of action. Until the organization of the Farmers’ National Congress and its kindred institutions a few years ago. each farmer was as isolated as Robinson Crusoe on his island. The benetits which these societies have conferred on agricultural communities cannot be estimated in dollars and cents. It has taught the virtues of systematic organization, installed the precept that the greatest good to the greatest number is a good state of mind go.id thoughts and good feelings, and established the tenets of a higher measure of general intelligence and culture. The special mission and work of these gatherings is to prepare the seed for the sowing, to do the planting and plowing and fostering which must precede a harvest of intelligent \ ot.es, not to invent imposing theories, but to apply more effective and judicious measures. A FEARFUL FINANCIAL LESSON. Mr. Clayton then reviewed the work of Farmers’ Congresses, and continued: “ The session of this congress held at Indianapolis November of last year was at the end of three years of the most fearful commercial depression known to our country during any peaceful period of its history. \\ liile every interest and industry felt the tremendous shock nd while the merchant, the manufacturer and the great financial institutions were driven to desperation to avoid bankruptcy, yet it fell with double force upon the farmer and upon agricultural persuits. The cause of this sudden calamity is a debatable question upon which I do not care to enter. That the world’s overproduction, with the perfect facilities l’or transportation that makes the rations of the earth neighbors, largely contributed to it I have no doubt; and that mistaken legislation on the part of the Congress of the United States has plunged the agricultural interests of America still deeper in the unfortunate calamity is an indisputable fact. The American people have experienced fearful financial lessons in which the most rigid economy has been brought to bear; and while the debris of financial wrecks are being rapidly cleared away; and while I congratulate you that there has been a marked improvement in the financial condition of the country at large, and in the price of farm products during the past year, yet there remains much to accomplish before we reach the high tide of prosperity experienced by the American farmer in former years.” President Clayton next turned his attvntion to trusts, sayingi “During the last twenty-five years we have been engaged In settling the great questions involving tiff? right to control these vast corporations. As far as law is concerned we have the rights

to check the rapacious greed ot aggregated capital. Through legislative enactments and through the courts the contest has been long and bitter, but the principle has been established and is now recognized by the two great contending forces. While we have upon our statutes the Interstate-com-merce laws and anti-trust enactments, yet those evils are still in existence. It is exhibited in the Sugar Trust: we see it In the National Millers’ Association, where they largely control the price of grain from the farmer and the price of the grain product to the consumer: and we find it in the Big Four Beef Company, that absolutely controls both ends of the market. If the Inter-state-commerce Commission has not the authority under existing laws to check the rapacious greed of those organizations it has failed in its mission, and should t/e superseded by more effective measures. "I am not an alarmisf; I take no pride in making war on any organization or institution that has for its object the greatest good to th’e greatest number of people. I bid them godspeed and a magnificent success in all legitimate enterprises; but 1 hope and believe there will nev'er come an hour when the Congress of the United States will purposely give their consent to the building up of trusts and combinations for the control of the prices of the necessaries of human existence.” In concluding he said: ’’There are many questions upon which we should take action. Notable among these is the enlargement of the agricultural department, giving it the power and the means by which it can open up every possible avenue of trade for American farm product, and to extend to it the same protection accorded to other interests. The amenuments of our inter-state-commerce law and anti-trust measures, giving the proper officers the right and to make it his duty to send for persons and papers and compel the attendance of witnesses or to place them behind the prison bars regardless of the millions they may possess. The extension of free mail delivery to the rural districts, the enlargement of the Weather Bureau, a more systematic crop statistics, the reclamation of the arid and semi-arid lands, and to restrict boards of trade to a point where they will prevent fraud in dealing in options and to entirely stop the bucket-shop disgrace. "We should ask the Congress of the United States to make sufficient appropriation to prevent the importation of infected live stock and to stamp out existing diseases. You, g’entlemen, hailing from all parts of the country, know much better than I can tell you the importance of urging prompt action regarding every obstacle preventing the success of the farmer. The Congress of the United States when placed in possession of facts have befen quick to eradicate existing evils. We should demand no legislation; we should seek to do no damage to other legitimate enterprises, but we should insist upon th recognition of our interests and we should be satisfied with nothing else.” SECRETARY STAHL’S REPORT. At the afternoon session John M. Stahl, of Chicago, secretary of the congress, presented his annual report. In it he says: “As the members of the congress are appointed by the Governors of the various States, they are men of ability, character and prominence: and as the congress has neither dues nor salaries and members must pay their own expenses to its meetings, the congress does not attract a certain class that has done so much to degrade and bring into disrepute many organizations. Asa result the congress has always been so sensible and conservative in its action that it has the respect and. confidence of all clases, and, as Mr. Hatch, for so many years chairman of the House committee on agriculture, said a short time before his death, ’the Farmers’ National Congress has more influence with the Congress of the United States than all othVr agricultural organizations combined.' This influence is well shown In the agricultural schedule of the Dingley bill. The Farmers’ National Congress was th’e only agricultural organization to seriously champion the farmers' interests at the special session that enacted that law. It presented a printed memorial of 19G pages asking for protection for farm products, and the legislative committee, headed by thVe venerable Judge Lawrence, who entered Congress in the early sixties, secured fair and just protection for farm products. “Your secretary has been for some years the leader in the work to secure rural free mail delivery, and he has been steadily and heartily supported by this congress, and already the press and the people are almost unanimously in favor of rural free mail delivery and the Postoffice Department is conducting experiments we have asked for. This congress has always don’e all it could to secure pure food legislation, and in many cases Its efforts have resulted in wise laws to benefit all classes. This body has always been the foremost advocate of good roads. At our last meeting we were addressed by Gen. Stone, head of the Good Roads Bureau of the national government, and by Otto Lamer, the chairman of the highway improvement committee of the L. A. W., and th’e good roads resolutions presented were adopted without change. During the winter your secretary, at the request of good roads workers, particularly the L. A. W., argued for good roads legislation before several state legislatures. I am happy to report that the influence of this congress has been powerful in securing needed good roads legislation in several States; and also other legislation beneficial to our agricultural interests. This congress should be proud of th’e fact that legislators now look to it for an expression of the wishes of our agricultural classes, and It should also properly appreciate the consequent heavy responsibility.” ' DOCTORS FROM ABROAD. British Medical Association in Convention at Montreal. MONTREAL, Aug. 31.—The first session of the British Medical Association to be held in Canada was called to order here this afternoon. Many distinguished physicians from the old and new world were in attendance. After the usual preliminaries Dr. Thomas G. Roddick, M. P., of this city, the newly-elected president, addressed the large and influential gathering. He referred to the meeting as an honor to Canada and said that it served to impress still more upon the memory of Canadians the year 1897, the jubilee year of the great and good Queen Victoria. It gave him special pleasure to see so many American physicians and surgeons at the meeting—a proof of the cosmopolitan character of the medical profession. He also referred in appreciative terms to the official representative of France, Prof. Charles Ritchet, professor of physiology in the University of France. Reference was made likewise to Lord Lister, the most illustrious surgeon of this generation, who- has made operative proceedings possible which only twentylive years ago would have been considered criminal. The speaker then gave an interesting sketch of the rise and progress of the British Medical Association, which was founded in JS32, by Sir Charles Hastings, M. D., of Dorcester, for the benefit solely of the provincial profession of England, but which now not only embraces the whole of the British isles, but extends to that greater Britain beyond the seas, until it is now of imperial proportions and importance. There are sixty-five branches of the association at present in existence, and a collective membership of over seventeen thousand. TWO SETS oV TEACHERS. Trouble Expected at the Opening of the Spring Valley Schools. SPRING VALLEY, 111., Aug. 31.—Trouble is expected here to-morrow with the opening of the public schools. Two sets of teachers have been engaged, and both will attempt to teach. The two factions ot the Board of Education are bunching their respective teachers, and each side expects to be on the ground early to-morrow morning to see that there is no interference from the other side. A clash can hardly be avoided. The fight among the members of the Board of Education dates back to the spring election. At that time the Spring Valley Coal Company, after forcing an issue on the school question and being defeated for seven straight years, was successful. Charles Nee, a hold-over member, who previously trained with the anti-company members of the board, turned away from the latter and was given a position at $.70 a month turning the Illinois-river bridge ai this place by the new city administration, which, for the first time, is controlled by the coal company. Net’s accession gave the company a majority on the board, and it proceeded to engage teachers. Later the anti-company members held a meeting and declared Nee's seat vacant on account of him moving his family and effects across the river to Putnam county. This gave the anti-company members a majority. They then Jield a meeting and were making arrangements to hire anew set of teachers ami call an election to fill Nee’s seat, when they were stopped from going any further bv an Injunction. Saturday Judge Puterbaugh, of Peoria, dissolved the injunction, and that night the anti-compuny members held a meeting and engaged anew set of teachers. Last night they held another meeting, and the newly hired tachers were present to sign contracts. The teachers that were engaged, say the company members, signed the contracts a month ago.

FRANK BULK’S STORY DAMAGING EVIDENCE AGAINST SAU-SAGE-MAKER LUETGERT. Ills Night \\ a (chinun Tells of the Happenings in the Factory During the Fatal Night of May 1. TESTIMONY OF MRS. TOSCH YVHO WAS ONE OF THE FRIENDS OF THE MURDERED WOMAN, And Who Wan Asked by the Prisoner to Keep Quiet About Certain Matters—Bad Day for the Defense. CHICAGO, Aug. 31.—Three witnesses were placed on the stand by the prosecution in the Leutgert trial to-day. Probably the most important witness of the three was Frank Bialk, night watchman at the Leutgert sausage factory. Bialk. who is a German sixty-four years old, was a trusted employe of the defendant, tor whom he worked several years. His testimony, which he gave in German, bore directly on the movements of the defendant during the night of May 1. He also related how two barrels, which it is alleged contained caustic potash, were stored on one of the upper floors of the factory and w-ere, shortly before May 1, taken to the basement where the barrels were emptied into the vat and dissolved by steam. The other witnesses were Charles I’. Melandefi a photographer, who identified several views of the Lueigert factory, and Mrs. Agatha Tosch, the wife of a saloon keeper. Mrs. Teach was frequently in charge of her husband's saloon and had several conversations with Lueigert alter the disappearance of his wife. She has been regarded as one of the state’s strongest witnesses, being one of the few who saw smoke issuing from the factory the night Airs. Luetgert disappeared. She swore that Luetgert had urged her not to say anything about the smoke as it might get him in trouble. Witness also told ot how pale Luetgert was on May 2 and on one occasion had told her that he felt like killing himself and would do so if it were not for leaving his little children. There was a greater pressure than ever this morning for seats in the courtroom and a great crowd stood on the outside unable to get in. One noticeable feature was the large number of women who succeeded in securing seats in the courtroom before the proceeuings began. Women of all ages were among tne spectators. THE DEFENSE OVERRULED. At the opening of court the defense asked the judge to compel the state to set fortn by what means, according to the theory of the prosecution, the life of Mrs. Luetgert was taken before her body was placed in the vat. Judge Vincent obtained the ear of the court at the beginning of the proceedings and said the indictment, which contains twelve counts, does not state the manner of Mrs. Luetgert’s death. The first six counts, the attorney said, allege that she was drowned in a vat containing water and caustic soda or potash. The seventh count charges that she was struck ana knocked down by some blunt instrument; the eighth alleges striking and instantly killing her; the ninth count alleges striking with some deadly instrument, while the tenth charges that she was r abbed with a knife. The eleventh says she was choked and her life thus taken, and the twelfth and last alleges that the life was taken by some means unknown. "The state has outlined the manner in which it is believed the remains of Mrs. Luetgert were destroyed. We are entitled to the knowledge the state has as to the means of her death.” Judge Tuthlll promptly decided that the state was not bound to specify the means ot death. The first witness was Charles P. Melandeo, a photographer, who identified a dozen views of the Luetgert factory. There were pictures of the buildings and surroundings, and flash-light photographs of the basement and the fatal vat. Mrs. Agatha Tosch, wife of Michael Tosch, saloon keeper at No. 629 Diversey avenue, was called next. She was a friend of Mrs. Luetgert and visited the latter occasionally at her home. Mrs. Tosch said that on Sunday afternoon, May 2, Luetgert came to her husband's saloon and bought a glass of beer. He was pale and excited and she asked him w’hat was the matter with him, a question which he did not answer. May 15, she said, she saw him again and asked him about the disappearance of his wife. He said he did not know where his wife was, and was as innocent as the sun in the sky. She told him she believed he was guilty and Luetgert replied that he felt like taking a revolver and killing himself. He would do so, he said, but for the children. Mrs. Tosch said Luetgert asked her what she had heard from the detectives who were about her saloon and what she had seen or heard herself. DECIDEDLY' HOSTILE. Mrs. Tosch showed a decidedly hostile spirit toward Luetgert and in a number or details she improved on the story she told to Justice Keisten and in Judge Gibbons’s court in the habeas corpus proceedings. She said Mrs. Luetgert once had an attack of throat trouble and Luetgert told the witness in a conversation that if he had delayed a minute longer in calling a doctor the “ratted beast,” meaning his wife, would have been dead. In her previous testimony Mrs. Tosch did not use these words. She said that in her conversation with him on May 15 she asked him what caused the smoke from the factory furnace on the morning of May 2. and he asked her not to say anything about the smoke. In her former testimony she said Luetgert once told her he sometimes became so angry at his wife that he could take hold of her, and, indicating by a gesture, crush her. This morning she swore he said he could crush her, using the word “crush” in the German and not merely indicating it by a gesture. The witness said Luetgert told her he had a great deal of trouble with ills wife and had ceased to live with her. She objected to the presence of Mary Simmering, the servant, in the house, but Lueigert told the witness that if his wife turned Mary away he would take, her into the factory with him. Mrs. Tosoh was subjected to a severe cross examination, during which she was asked if she did not know Luetgert was out of the city when his wife was taken sick with the throat trouble. Judge Vincent asked her if she did not say to Luetgert on May 15 that if he knew his wife as well as she (Mrs. Tosch) knew her he would let her go and not worry about her. She declared that she did not make this statement. She was then asked if she did not suggest to Luetgert that he could come to her house with tire two children to live and she would he a mother to th<* children. Her answer was an emphatic “No." BIALK’S TESTIMONY. Frank Bialk, the old watchman, who was employed at the- sausage factory, was tfie next witness. Bialk told about the arrival at the factory, in March last, of several barrels which were stored on one of the upper floors and shortly before May 1 removed to the basement. These are the barrels which, it is alleged, contained the caustic potash, and the witness said the stuff was emptied in the middle vat in the basement shortly before May 1 and dissolved by steam. At this point the court took a recess. Watchman Bialk. continuing his testimony at the afternoon sesion. said there was steam under one of the two boilers in the furnace room when he arrived at the factory at 6 p. m. on May 1. Luetgert turned the steam into the vat in the basement and instructed him to keep up steam during the night as he would need it in the basement. At 9:15 Luetgert sent him to a drug store to purchase a patent nerve medicine. He was gone over half an hour and gave the bottle to Luetgert through the gate to the sausage maker’s office, which was locked. After 10 o’clock he was again sent to the same drug store, but the second trip consumed more time. He returned with a bottle of mineral water which Luetgert had directed him to purchase. He did not see Luetgert again that night. The

sausage maker was In the basement where the vat was and the door between him and the boiler room, where the witness was, remained locked. Abo-ut 3 o’clock in the morning the steam to the vat whs turned off. Bialk left the factory at 7 o’clock Sunday morning and before leaving went to the office where he saw Luetgert sitting with his feet on a table. He did not know whether Luetgert’was asleep or not. The next evening when he returned to work he found the vat running over. A hose was pourlnft cold water into it. Beside the vat on the floor was a slimy substance. Near the vat was a chair from the office. The witness said three large doors which had been removed from the smokehouse were beside the vat as though they had been used to cover the vat while its contents were boiling. Bialk said that after the factory was seized by the sheriff and he learned that Mrs. Leutgert was missing he was afraid to remain there. He said that on Sunday evening at 9 o’clock he saw Luetgert in his office and asked him if he wanted the steam turned into the vat that night. Luetgert, he said, turned pale and sank down. At this statement of the witness Luetgert laughed heartily. Bialk told of his visit to the factory with police officers. Officer Dean discovered two rings in the vat and the witness said the officers carried away with them bones found in the vat and smokehouse. The witness said that since May 1 he has lived part of the time, with Officer Klinger, of the Shefficld-evenue station, and a part of the time at his. own home. On May 16 Officer Klinger was concealed under a hed in the house of the witness when Luetgert came toee Bialk. Luetgert asked the witness what the officers found in the factory and Bialk said they had discovered nothing. “That is good.” .said Luetgert. The latter advised him nbt to tell the police anything and said that in a short time he would start the factory and give the witness and his son employment. The court adjourned for the day with Bialk’s testimony unfinished. GEN. LEE COMING HOME HIS RETURN EXPECTED TO DEVELOP 31'KINLEY'S CUBAN POLICY. Intervention by This Government Sntd to Be Inevitable—YVeyler Incapable of Ending tlie War. v ♦ —— ' Special to the Indiafiapofi* Journal. WASHINGTON. Aug. 31.—The arrival of General Fltzhugh Lee in Washington the latter pan of September is likely to mark the beginning of the development of the administration’s policy in regard to Cuba. Some of General Lee’s recent reports are said to be of a highly important character, as furnishing additional proof of the utter failure of Captain General Weyler’s attempts to suppress the insurrection and the hopelessness of his campaigns. President McKinley did not lack information on this particular point, but his policy, announced by those authorized to speak for him, was to give the Spanish government ample time in which to demonstrate its ability or inability to successfully cope with the Cuban situation. It is for him to put a limit on this period of trial and officials in the State Department make no concealment of the fact that they look for a definite announcement by the President during the coming autumn, certainly by the reassembling of Congress. There is evidence that this move is being anticipated at Madrid, and the sending of additional troops to Cuba is accepted in well informed diplomatic circles as quite as much a preparation to make a stand against the United States, should occasion arise, as to fight 'Cubans. Intervention by this government is now regarded as inevitable and a great deal of sober earnest thought is being given to the subject by those who will have direction of affairs when the time arrives for stern work. 4 — INSURGENTS SURPRISED. Sixty CuhHn Killed and Other* Wounded by Spn.Miarda. HAVANA, Aug. 31.—General Linares, in the province of Santiago de Cuba, has been engaged with an insurgent force. The er.emy lost two men killed and the troops lost thirteen men killed, including two captains. The horse ridden by General Linares was struck by two bullets and killed. A Spanish column consisting of 1,200 men of all arms, under command of General Luque and Colonel Sotomayer, recently left Holguin, province of Santiago de Cuba, with the. intention of attacking an insurgent force which occupied a strongly fortified position at Sabana de Becorri. The troops camped nine miles from the enemy's position without being observed and during the night the Spanish commander ordered two guerrilla companies and three companies of Spanish infantry to surprise the enemy. The Spanish forces approached close to the insurgent camp and then rushed upon it under a heavy tire from two sides and captured it. The insurgents, completely taken by surprise, fled in disorder with the loss of sixty men killed, according to the official report, and carried away their wounded. The Insurgent general, Estrada, is said to have been wounded in both legs. The troops lost fourteen men killed and had thirty-six wounded. More About the Cisneros Girl. WASHINGTON, Aug. 31.—Consul General Lee’s investigation into the circumstances attending the arrest of the young Cuban girl, Evangelina Cossio Cisneros, have resulted in sweeping away a great deal of the romance that attached to her case. Ha cabled the State Department to-day from Havana that the girl is not the niece of the Marqueso Santa Lucia, as has been publicly proclaimed, but is the daughter of a poor and l’espectable Cuban named Augustin Cossio. Her mother’s name being Cisneros, It was added to her own, according to the Spanish custom, making her full name Evangelina Cossio y Cisneros. Moreover, General Lv*e reports this girl is not an only daughter nor has she been raised in wealth and luxury, but is one of five or six children. MATRON'S HUSBAND SHOT. Smuuttonal Attempt to Kill Sleeping Man in n County Jail. MINNEAPOLIS. Aug. 31.-There was a sensational shooting affray at the county jail shortly after midnight tins morning. James T. Murphy, a deputy sheriff, succeeded by virtue of his official position id getting access to the jail. He brought with him a woman of the town who, he said, was under arrest, and sent for Matron Woodburn. Having thus cleared the way, he entered the latter’s apartments and opened tire on her husband, Clavis H. Woodburn, who was asleep in bed. H fired eleven shots, five of which entered Woodburn's body, exclaiming: "I'll teach him to ruin my daughter!” The watchman rushed In and prevented Woodburn, who had by this time secured his own weapon from firing at his now retreating cn.my Murphy gave himself up and refused to discuss the case, except to say that he was a Kentuckian and had shot to kill. Woodburn is dangerously but not fatally shot. He will not talk. ALLEGED TO BE INSANE. Mrs. Julia McGrtn Tries to Kill a New York Reul-Estte Dealer. NEW YORK. Aug. 31.-Mrs. Julia McGrew, formerly of Cincinnati, made an attempt to shoot George B. Moore, a realestate dealer, also a former resident of Cincinnati, in the office of Mr. Moore today. Mrs. McGrow is said to be the wife of Henry G. McGrew, a master carpenter, with offices in the Seward building, in Cincinnati. After her attempt to shoot Moore she tried to take poison, but was prevented. She alleges that Moore’s real.nama is Campbell and under that name he married her while having another wife and family under the name of Moore. Moore alleges the woman is insane and has teen persecuting him for some time. He admit* having known her in Cincinnati. Mother Killed, but Btti> Escaped. MONROE. Ga.. Aug. 31.—Mrs. Guthrie, wife of Lutner Guthrie, a prominent citizen of Walnut Grove, wa* killed l>.v lightning yestVrduy afternoon- Mrs. Guthrie had one of lirr children in her arms when the bolt fell' Mrs. Guthrie was killed Instantly. The child was burned, but was neither killed nor seriously injured.