Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 August 1897 — Page 2

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gulches. Packers' gulch, the first gulch liosvtug Into Coffee creek. Is producing a large amount of coarse gold; Adams creek, tw > miies la-low, offers a rich prospect, but has not yet been worked to any extent; Hickory creek, still further down, and all the confluent streams, are, according to all indications, literally lined with the precious yellow sand and nuggets. Confirmation of the reports of marvelous finds is given by G. L. Campbell, an experienced miner sent from here to learn the tacts. lie thus telegraphs from Trinity Center, near Coffee creek: •Although some of the stories that have reached the outside world have been somewhat exaggerated In passing through many hands, tin truth is good enough of itself, and is in itself a full explanation of the absence of Alaska fever from Trinity and surrounding counties. In the. first place tfiere is hardly a single instance of absolutely unrewarded efiort in this part of the State. The properly directed efforts of the miner have paid him at least < xcellent wages, and, in a great many instances, provided him in a few years with a life’s competency. Since the Graves brothers struck their $42,000 nugget there has been another strike aoout twenty miles away, on Hickory gulch, where the discoverers are said to be on a streak of dirt that goes SIOO to the pan. •'The Graves brothers' mine, the Blue Jay, was visited to-day. Although little work has been done since the owners left, appearances on the spot above and below fully Justify what has been promised for this claim. “The big nugget was taken from a ledge several hundred feet up on a hillside, which shows plenty of free gold. The $42,000 nugget was found lying snugly against the foot wall. Imbedded in manganese. The claim of the Graves brothers, the new fold kings, from which gold to the value of 106,000 was taken out in a little more than one week's time, comprises ninety-six acres. The brothers have refused princely offers to par', with their claim. It is so ruth that its owners are devoting themselves to getting out simply the nuggets that are secreted in pockets. When the jxickets are exhausted they have fortunes still untouched in the mlliing ore, which is now being piled in dumps to await its time. Richard Graves, who is now in Sari Francisco. speaking of the claim owned by him and his brother, says there is a ledge of quartz on the surface, running northeasterly and southwesterly for a distance of 920 feet within their land. They expect, he *ays, to strike pockets still richer than the ones they have already opened. They have tunneled on side hills, cn the level and at no greater distance than twenty feet have found nuggets, the pockets being on the wall between green and yellow porphyry. Murphy and Burgess are the names of two miners who have, within the last few weeks, grown from absolute poverty to affluence. They snade their strike on Hickory creek, about fifteen miles from the Graves brothers' claim in Morrison gulch. One (lay when Henry Carroll was taking out some quartz from a vein on Hickory creek Murphy and journeyed by and stopped to make inquiry alxnjt the dlKKintfs. They were advised by Carroll to go up one of the forks and prospect on a side hill. This advice was followed, anil on stripping a piece of ground about 300 feet up the hill they found that in the bed rock between the formations of porphyry there appeared to be a seam or dike of quartz. The decomposed quartz or dirt, to their delight, yielded from $, to S2O to the pan. One pan full yielded S4OO. Already the two prospectors have taken out over $20,000. The discovery of Murphy and Burgess created the wildest kind of excitement all through the district.

ROY ALTY It EGt LAT lON S. Tux of IO and 20 Per Cent, to He Levied on All Klondike Gold. OTTAWA, Aug. 15.—The regulations formulated by the Dominion government covering the collection of a royalty on gold mined in the Yukon are published in the Official Gazette, just Issued. They are as follows: “That upon all gold mined on the claims referred to the regulation of the government for placer mining along the Yukon river and its tributaries, a royalty of 10 per cent, shall he levied and collected by officers to be appointed for the purpose, provided that the amount mined and taken from a single claim does not exceed SSOO per week, und in case the amount mined and taken from any single claim exceeds $. r )00 per week, there shall be levied and collected a royalty of 10 per cent, upon the amount as taken out up to $590, and upon the excess or amount taken from any single claim over SSOO per week there shall be levied and collected a royalty of 20 per cent., such royalty to form part of the consolidated revenue, and to bo accounted tor by the officers who collect the same in due course "That the times and the manner in which royalty shall be collected and the persons who shall collect the same shall be provided for by the regulations to bo made by the gold commissioner, and that the gold commissioner lie and is hereby given authority to make such regulations and rules default in payment of such royalty, if continued for ten days after notice has been posted upon the claim in respect of ■which it is demanded, or in the vicinity of such claim by the gold commissioner or his agent, shall be followed by the cancellation of the claim. “That any attempt to defraud the crown by withholding any part or the revenue thus provided for by making false statements of the amount taker, out, may be punished by cancellation oi the** claim in respect of which fraud or false statements have been committed or made, - and that in respect of facts as to such a fraud or false statement or nonpayment of royalty, the decision of the gold commission stall The regulations governing the disposal of placer mining claims along the Yukon river and its tributaries are amended so that entry can only be granted for alternate claims, known as creek claims, bench claims, bar diggings and dry diggings, and that the other alternate claims be reserved for the crown, to be disused of by public auction or In such manner as may be decided by the minister of the interior. The penalty for trespassing upon a claim reserved for the crown is the immediate cancellation by the gold commissioner of any entry or entries which the person trespassing may have obtained whether by original entry or purchase for a mining claim, and the refusal by the gold commissioner of the acceptance of any application which the person trespassing may at any time make for claims, and that in addition to such penalty the mounted police upon a requisition from the gold commissioner to that effect may take the necessary steps to eject the trespasser. The clause In the former regulations providing that the discoverer of anew mine is> entitled to the claim and shall be granted n claim for "har diggings" 750 feet in length, has been amended so that the grant may apply to creek and river claims instead of “bar diggings.”

EIGHT LICKV KU)M)IKKRS Dn Their Way Home with Pocket* l 'ull of \iiKltetM. CHICAGO, Aug. 15.—Eight happy, healthy and wealthy Klondike bonanza kings, fresh from the frozen treasure fields of the upper Yukon valley, spent a day in Chicago yesterday. All are homeward bound, with big buckskin bags of virgin gold and double eagle coins, and with pockets bulging with costly gems and keepsakes for the loved ones at home. The combined wealth of the party would foot up more than $1,000,000 within conservative estimates, and more than SIOO,OOO in nuggets and cash was carried as "baggage.'* The lucky men are: C. E. Myers, of Prescott, Ariz.; M. C. Worden, of Watertown, K. J.; N. E. Picott, of Montreal, Canada; 31. C. Anderson, of Portage, Wis.; A. I). Grey, of Grand Rapids, Mich.; E. Dore, of Montreal; Thomas Moran, of Montreal; French Joe Deorache, of Montreal. Since they landed in Seattle a month ago these men have been interviewed and entertained and bored almost to distraction, and it is little wonder they ate tired of the hysterical spasm of public curiosity which attends Dame Fortune’s sudden favorites. By hiding their identity in assumed names and remaining in their rooms all day they secured a little rest, and several managed to get out of town be fort being discovered. Six of the eight were registered at the Great Northern Hotel and Palmer House. Albert D. Grey Is looked upon as the luckiest man in the party. A year ago he was v country schoolteacher In a Wisconsin town. To-day he modestly estimates the value of his holdings in the Klondike district at $300,000, but he admits that amount in cash would not tempt him to ■ell out. ills friends say he will be worth a million when Ids claims are worked out. Mr. Grey is twenty-two years old. Last year ho started on a pleasure trip to Juneau, Alaska. His funds gave out, and he was forced to go to work. He joined a party of thirteen "tenderfeet,’' and went up the fctikeen river and helped to cut a Hew trail to I-ke Teslin. Before the luke was reached eleven of the party gave up in disgust. Grey und bis

friend. William Chappie, were left alone with less than a year's provisions, while the eleven men went back to Juneau and nearly starved there during the winter. Grey and Chappie pushed on to I.ake Tcslin. The two determined gold seekers built a raft of logs and started down the river. They left Juneau in June and arrived at the mouth of the Klondike in October, as “green" a pair of boys us ever found their way into a strange country. Grey tells the story of the wealth of the country as It has been written already a thousand times. There is nothing new, except in the details, in his version of the tale of gold, but he tells a hundred important facts of far more value to those who contemplate seeking fortune in that country. He says the wealth of the valley has not and cannot be exaggerated. It is the richest country in the world, he believes, and there is no danger of the gold giving out for ten years, even if no more deposits are found. Mr. Grey says the climate is all that it has been represented: “It was 72 degrees below zero last winter,” he said, “but I did not lose a day’s work, and strange as it may seem, I did not wear a coat and I lived in a small tent all winter. 1 wore heavy underclothing and thick woolen shirts. I was out of doors half the time when at work. Instead of boots or shoes, the miners wrap their feat in heavy stockings and pieces of blankets two feet square. In the summer rubber boots are used. The cold, though intense, is not so bad as in Chicago or other places in this latitude. The air is perfectly dry •and there is little snow and no rain in the interior. I saw rain in Chicago this morning for the first time since last September. "I have never been sick a day in Alaska and I saw all the hardships possible. We nearly starved last winter. Toward spring, before the new supplies arrived, there was practically nothing left in camp but navy beans, and 2<X) men lived several weeks on these with a little pop corn which we ground into flour in small coffee mills and managed to make into a substitute for corn meal. I want to predict that 90 per cent, of the people now starting for the Chilkoot pass will be coming back soon. I understand that Mrs. Eli Gage and her party started to-day. I will bet $2/W0 to SI,OOO they don’t get over the pass this fall. 1 estimate there are 4,000 people in the Klondike this fall. There are about 100 women in the number. “There will be lots of suffering and. perhaps, some lawlessness* The old prospectors are preparing for and predicting a hard winter. I consider It absolutely impossible to reach the Klondike after Sept. 1. "Our party started in June. We went up the Stic keen river and were nearly driven back by mosqbitoes. The half has never been told of this pest in Alaska. I have seen the sun almost darkened by mosquito swarms, and once our pack train was stampeded by them and we lost half of our supplies. On the way down the Lewis river we stopped several times to fish and to prospect. Both Chappie and myself were green at prospecting, but we took SSOO out of the bars on the Hotalinqua river in twenty days with a rocker and gold pan. This money paid for our grub stake. We heard nothing of the Klondike strike until we reached the Cassiar bar, where we met two men coming out, who told us the news. “We pulled up and started as quickly as possible. We arrived in October, after all the good claims were staked. We first started to build a cabin, but before it was done we got a chance to work a claim on shares. This gave each of us one-fourth interest in the output. We took out SBO,OOO in thirty days from Claim 30 on Eldorado creek, and $22,000 in twenty days from 36 Eldorado. 1 am now interested in 30 Eldorado. 27 Hunker. 3A Hunker, 8A Bonanza, 50 below discovery Bonanza, and No. 1 Gay Gulch. All are rich, and among the best in the district. The district is badly named. There is no. such thing as gold diggings on the Klondike river, unless there may be some ‘bar diggings.’ The gold is found on the small branches of the river. The mother lode may never be found, although old miners,say it is surely in the near vicinity of the placers. “Ten years from now, when the placers are worked out and abandoned, some moneyed corporation may find the quartz vein by thoroughly prospecting for it at bed rock, but the frozen soil wifi make it slow and costly work. It is a poor man’s country. The placer gold is next to bedrock, from six to thirty feet below the surface. The ground must be thawed. Big fires are built at night and allowed to burn twelve hours. It takes one cord to the fire. When the ashes are removed the ground Is found thawed a few inches. The loose gravel is removed and the fires rekindled. This process is kept up. The wood is carried a. half mile in some eases. There are lots of good claims in Alaska. Even the best are not all taken, and 1 know of many good properties in the Circle City district which jvere abandoned when Klondike was struck. Borne of them will pay as high as $20,000 a year to the man.” William Chappie, Mr. Grey’s partner, has taken $50,000 in Klondike gold to South Africa to Invest in mining ventures there. He likes the business, and, being of a roving disposition, he is going to try his fortunes in a warmer climate.

LIFE IJi THE DIGGINGS. Miner. I'nlk About Good Things to Eut, Instead of Gold. SALT LAKE CITY, Utah. Aug. 15.—The following letter from W. W. Curran, of Honeyville, in the upper Yukon, was written on June 3 to an old friend at Caspar, Wyo., and appeared yesterday in the Herald: ‘‘Dear Friend—You can surprise the dear people at Caspar by telling them that I am worth $75,000, and that next summer 1 will start back to buy up the town. Some people will want to kiss me w’hen 1 get back who wanted to kick me when I left. It is a had trip up here, but it is worth making if money is what a man wants. It Is the only place I ever saw where there is so much money that people don't seem to care for it, only as it will be good to take away. We sit around and talk about good things to eat. That is what everybody is thinking about. If a man gets to talking about fruit he is put out of camp. We can't stand it to hear it talked of. i have dreamed of seeing peaches as big as ear wheels, and they say that when a man gets the tremens up here he alw r ays sees fruit trees or fancies that he is pulling radishes or shelling peas. “This is a hard country on a man. It will make a young man look old in two seasons. I have lost all my good looks. There are lots of Irish up here, but 1 am the only whiteheaded one yet. You have heard of the golden calf. Well, I have something that beats that; I have a golden dog. A dog of mine died and I have used his hide as a sack for my dust. 1 have him as full of gold as he was of meat. I sometimes lay my head on his body and dream of what I will do with my ‘dough’ when 1 get back to the States. Maybe 1 will butcher him and give you and Shelly each a leg. "My partner has ten one-gallon syrup cans filled with dust for his share. I would have come home this fall, hut he wants to wait till next summer, then we will both come together. He only weighed 135 pounds when ho came here, so you can know this climate is not as hard on a w’eak man as you would think. Pneumonia is had. and many die from it. The scurvy is bad, too, but it don’t kill many after all. If a man could have what 'he wanted to eat up here it would not be so had. You can dress warm and fight off the cffld, but it is hard to be hungry every day and get nothing to eat but things you detest. "This is the first mail to leave here since last September. An Esquimo will take this to Juneau. Let mo know what is going on down there. I will get the letter by next spring, anyway. If you want to come up here I can send you the stuff, and it won't cost more than what I pay for 100 pounds of flour. My paper has run out, and there is no more in camp.” * ALL AHE KIT BONANZAS. tinny Golil Mines Swallow More Money Ilian They Give Ip. NEW YORK, Aug. 15.—-There are great losses in gold mining, and the mere statement that a sum slightly in excess of $13,000,000 in gold was mined in California last year does not carry with it the significance that attends the cost of mining. To be precise in figures, the value of gold ore mined in California was $13,960,529, and the cost of getting it was $12,506,555. Os course, there was a profit on'so me mines and a loss on others, but this is the average, which shows that mining, like many other industries, is at times very costly for capital. It really cost 90 cents to produce a dollar of mined gold in California last year. It cost $3 00 in Alabama, and $0.06 in Wyoming to produce a dollar of bullion from the mines. In Colorado the total mined was $23,000,000, in round numbers, at a cost of $13,500,000, so that it cost s(* cents there to mine a dollar of bullion. In Montana the cost was 45 cents. In 1890 the total gold and silver mined In this country was $99,283,752, and the capital Invested was $468,358,338, or $1.90 of capital for every dollar of bullion produced. Putting it in another way. only 20 cents of bullion was produced for every dollar of capital. The total expenditure in mining this summer whs $63,451,136. The amount of expense per dollar of bullion gold and silver was 64 cents. More than 3,000 mines produced less than SIO,OOO each. Only twentyeight mines of the 6.000 produced over a

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, MONDAY, AUGUST 16, 1897.

half million each: fewer than fifty produced between $250,000 and $500,000. It is estimated that 1,000 nonprofit-producing mines worked last year, and that 1,266 were idle or abandoned. California has first place in gold producing, but Colorado is close behind. and the two produce an aggregate of $27,000,000 of gold a year, California being about $1,000,000 ahead of Colorado. The total production now in this country averages about $35,000,000 a year, although last year the production was $46,610,000. But the losses indicated above are from mines either developed or in process of development. They do not show 5o per cent, of the ioss in gold mining, or of the cost of getting the precious metal. The mining camps and the mining country, from Alaska to Peru, hold thousands of men who have spent their lives and all their money in quest of gold. Many of these have gathered thousands of dollars In placer mining only to lose all in the search for gold-bear-ing quartz. Many, having acquired a modest fortune, have invested it in what looked like good mining property, only to find that the product would not pay the interest on the cost of machinery’ and building. Not one prospector in twenty-five, so the records show, is successful, and one-half of those who do find paying quantities in rock mining are caught in other gold mining ventures that do not pay for the labor employed. Siver ore, on an average, costs 50 cents an ounce to mine, and then must be taken out in big quantities to pay. Gold may run S3OO to the ton of ore, and then fall to S2O to the ton. A paying vein tempts the investor to increased outlay of the machinery and labor, only to find at the end that the lead is a false one. If the amount of capital sunk In abandoned mines and- lost by individual prospectors should be added to the capital employed in paying properties, it would be found that gold mining Is, as a whole, a risky’ business, and that for every dollar of gold produced twice that amount has been expended, with the profit to the few and the loss to the many. ♦- DISCOI H AGING STORIES. Many Would-Be Gold-Seekers Forced to Turn Hack to tlic Coast. SEATTLE. Wash., Aug. 15.—The prediction thAt there would be misery and suffering on Dyea and Skaguay passes, Alaska, is fast becoming a stern reality. W. H. Ewing, who went on the Rosalie, writes as follows from Skaguay: “We have just arrived here, the city of tents. The wharf, which is at the base of a mountain of rock columns, is SCO square feet. There is no warehouse. The trail which leads to the city from the wharf has been hewn out of this mountain of rocks. As the tide is out now it is possible to pick your way along, but impossible to take a'horse from wharf across the trail to the city. In order to reach the trail the horse would have to jump ten feet down. The steamer Edith, with seventy horses, is now anchored out a mile from shore. She is waiting for half tide to get the horses on a scow in order to take them as near as possible to shore without a dock. They wade them the rest of the way. “L. J. Richards, formerly of Seattle, told me that many who have come up here have returned. F. B. Porter, of New York city, has been in Alaska for three months on mining business. He told the following story of the conditions at Dyea as he knew them. Every statement he declared he could vbuch for: ‘About 3,000 men are encamped at Dyea. They are living in their tents, In which they have packed their goods and are waiting for a chance to get the goods to Lake Lindeman; that is, some of them are waiting. Many have sold their outfits and are arranging to come back. Several came down on the Mexico, and I saw a good many in Juneau who had given up the trip. The Skaguay trail is not open beyond the summit. There is a good trial as far as the summit. Some time ago a man named Rice advertised in the Juneau papers that the trail was open and many of those going into the Klondike landed there.’ “I understand from two Juneau men who attempted to take a small outfit over this trail that they were compelled to turn back. They returned to Juneau, enlarged their outfit and will go over the Dyea trail. Men are needed to pack on these trails, not horses. Horses get along until they reach the summit, then a man has to pack his own outfit or sell it. At Juneau a great many positions are vacant, but in a month the town will be filled with men who have failed to get across the pass. I cannot see how the men who are leaving here now can expect to get across the trail to Lake Bennett in time to make the trip down the river.”

MINERS C ACHE 000,000. (apt. George Roberts Asserts the Titles of Rich Finds Are True. TACOMA, Wash., Aug. 15.—Capt. George Roberts, who will command the City of Seattle, which leaves this port in a few days for Alaska, has just returned from Dyea. He says that two months ago there was, to his certain knowledge, gold to the amount of nearly $3,000,000 cached in the interior, ready to come out this fall. He says it is estimated at Juneau and Sitka that the Portland w’ill bring down on her next trip, arriving at Tacoma about Aug. 20. not less than $3,000,000. Captain Roberts says the stories df the richness of the Klondike region are not overstated, ami that there is no doubt that the greatest gold discoveries of the century will be made In Alaska within the next two years. A Seattle special states that with $102,000 in gold dust Richard Butler, of Ellsworth, Minn., remains in the Klondike. He and his four brothers have five claims, and the $102,000 came from only one. Butler has an intimate friend here, John T. Cochrane, of Louch, Augustine & Cos. When the Portland arrived with $1,400,000 on board of her Cochrane asked a friend of Butler’s how Butler was geeting along. The reply was: “I understand he has cleaned up $102,000, and his dump is not entirely worked out yet." Cochrane was seen to-day and asked about it. He said that the statement was correct and that Butler, when on a visit to Seattle last year, had told him tha* he thought he had about SIOO,OOO in sight. l*alue Organizes a Syndicate. PLATTSBURG, N. Y.. Aug. 15.—Joseph Ladue, of Dawson City, Alaska, has just returned here from New York, where he has place<f his mining and city property in a syndicate composed of New York, Canadian and English capitalists. Included in tlie property transferred to the new corporation are city lots and sawmills in Dawson City, placer mines and a quartz mine, which Mr. Ladue believes is the mother lode from which all the placer gold of the Y’ukon has become disintegrated. The ore from this mine has already assayed S3OO a ton. The company will be cailed the Joseph Ladue Gold Mining and Development Company of the Yukon, and is capitalized for $5,000,000. Mr. Ladue will act as president and general manager of the company, and will return to Dawson City next spring with improved mining machinery and a large force of men to operate it. Overland by Balloon. OAKLAND. Cal., Aug. 15.—M. Ayer, a real estate man of Oakland, proposes to establish balloon service between Juneau and Dawson. J. A. Hugson is with him in the scheme, and as soon as he can induce those interested in the scheme to subscribe $2,000 he will do so. M. Ayer, who has evolved thin plan, is an old balloonist and says the scheme is practicable. He says the trip trorn Juneau to Dawson City ought to be made in twenty-four hours. ALL REPORTS ALIKE. (Concluded from First Page.) building at a cost of $5,000, and a $7,500 high school building is also being constructed. The crops in the county this year are the best for several years and the farmers are happy. Grain dealers in (his city are paying 78 cents for wheat. Last year the farmers were compelled to sell their wheat for 47 cents. El wood Industries. Special to the Indianapolis iournal. ELVVOOD. Ind., Aug. 15.—The American Plate-glass Company will put sixteen additional pots in operation this week, making a total of forty-eight pots, working 750 men day and night. The Union steel plant and the Kelley ax factory are working day and night and employing, respectively, 800 and 500 hands. Oil-well leases in this county now amount to SB,OOO monthly. AVuri** to He Restored. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. NEW ALBANY, lnd., Aug. 15.—Joseph & Joseph, proprietors of the New Albany forge works, employing nearly one hundred men. yesterday announced that the reduction of 10 per cent, in the wage scale made about two years ago, would be restored to-morrow. Structural Steel Higher. CLEVELAND, 0., Aug. 15.—An average advance of $2 a ton in the price of structural steel has been made by the mills in this city within the past three or four days, and another advance is looked for. A representative of the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company said to-day that he would not be surprised to see the price go up $2 a ton more within the next t-birfy days.

FUNERAL OF A COREAN REMAINS OF POM KWANG SOU CREMATED AT W ASHINGTON. Body of the Late Senator George Lying In State in the Mississippi Capitol—Death of a Singer. • 4 WASHINGTON. Aug. 15.—The body of Pom Kwang Soh, the former Corean minister to this country, whose death occurred here last Friday, was to-day cremated, according to the expressed wish of the deceased, and his ashes placed in the keeping of the present minister, Mr. Chin Pom Ye. Later they may be returned to Corea. At 3:30 o’clock this afternoon the body was taken from the Fourteenth-street residence, where it had lain in state, and conveyed to Lee's crematory, <>n Pennsylvania avenue, followed by a long line of carriages containing personal friends and prominent members of the Blavau Rebranch of the Theosophieal Society, of which Mr. Soh was a member. The brief and simple funeral services were conducted by Mr. George M. Coffin, president of the society. The casket was draped with a silk American Hag and on it also had been placed tfie robes of state worn by Air. Soh during his official career .here. At either end of the corlin were crosses of white and pink roses which had been sent by Prince Min and .Air. Putt. Among those admitted to the chapel were Prince Min. Prince Evi Wha, the second son of the present Kng of Corea, in full court uniform-: Mr. Paa, Mr. Suoh, a number of Corear, students and a number of the members of the Tncosophical Society. The Lite Sir 1 muim* Holden. LONDON, Aug. 15.—One of the most remarkable of the English self-made men of the century, Sir Issae Holden, son of a miner, died last week. He began life as a weaver's boy, educated himself and became a schoolmaster and then a bookkeeper in a tweed mill. He invented first a wool-comb-ing machine, which made his fortune at forty. He also invented the lucifer match, but this idea he did not patent. When protective tariffs abroad injured the Bradford woolen trade he opened mills at Calais, Rheims and Lille, where younger branches of his family have since made fortunes. He lived to be ninety years old, though a man of extremely delicate constitution. He attributed his long life to his spare diet, which consisted mainiy of fruit and vegetables. He had strawberries cn his breakfast table all the year round, his one extravagance being his expenditure on the cultivation of fruit. He was a little man of emaciated figure, but great nervous energy, controlling all his undertakings himself. He accepted a baronetcy from Mr. Gladstone, whose policy he supported for many years in Parliament, but he refused a peerage, lie is said to have died a millionaire. Noted Tenor Dead. NEW YORK, Aug. 15.—Albert L. King, the famous oratorio tenor, died at the home of his sister, Mrs. Edwin Quick, yesterday. Probably America has never produced a more remarkable tenor voice than Mr. King's—phenomenal in its range, as sweet as that of a boy soprano, and yet as full and virile and manly as one could wish for in a genuine tenor. That acknowledged musical authority. Sir Charles Halle, said when Mr. King sang in England that it was the first time he had heard the voice of Mario since the death of the great singer, and when Tamagno heard him he went to him, and taking him by the hands, said—the greatest of all compliments to come from an operatic tenor —"l wish I had your voice.” But for Mr. King's uncontrollable nervousness, and an unconquerable hashfulness on the stage, he would doubtless have been among the greatest living operatic tenors, but he chose the oratorio field, in which he made his mark. Senator George’* Roily Lying in State. JACKSON, Miss., Aug. 15.—The remains of the late Senator James Z. George, who died at Mississippi City yesterday, reached /his city at 2 p. m. and were met at the depot by an immense crowd of citizens. A line of march was formed and the remains conveyed to the rotunda of the Capitol, where they will lie in state under a military guard until to-morrow. Immediately after the remains were placed on the flowery bier in the Capitol the lid of the coffin was removed and a ceaseless throng of people, passed in line to view for the last time the face of the statesman. To-morrow the remains of the late senator will be taken to Carrollton. Miss., for burial by the side of his wife, who only preceded him to the unknown a few weeks ago.

Mrs. Gertrude Tompkins. ROCKLAND, Me., Aug. 15. Mrs. Gertrude Tompkins, wife of Eugene Tompkins, the theatrical manager of Boston, died suddenly of heart failure this morning aboard the steam yacht Illawarra, which anchored here over Sunday, bound for Bar Harbor. Mrs. Tompkins had been in apparently good health until within a few days. She was found by her husbdnd lying on the lloor dead. Death of a Noted Inventor. NEW YORK. Aug. 15.—Colonel James R. Haskell, inventor of the multicharge gun, died at his home at Passaic, N. J., to-day, aged sixty-five years. He had been ill for several years. His principal troubles were mental, the restdt of business troubles of years ago. He was paid SIOO,OOO by the government for his invention. Signor G. Ji'osta. ROME, Aug. 15.—Signor G. Costa, minister of justice, Is dead. Shortly before he expired he sent a touching deathbed telegram of farewell to King Humbert. Marquis Di Rudfni. the premier, will temporarily assume the portfolio. DUEL WITH SWORDS. (Concluded from Ftrat fme.) time had come to have a little diversion. No grass grows where he is in the habit of walking, and no sooner had he come to the aforesaid decision than he sent off an open chalk nge to anybody who chose to accept it. There was a certain middle-ages air about his action, for in a letter to the Patrie. M. Thomeguex accused the Italians of persecuting Prince Henri by sending the successive challenges. He said, in conclusion, that such things could not be permitted while Thomeguex was outside the grave, and wmund up by throwing down the gauntlet before the entire Italian army. The admiring shudder had hardly time to be got out of the way when the telegraph brought this answer: “Challenge accepted on behalf of myself and the Italian group. Communication awaited.” This was signed "General Manategia la Rocca, 32 Quatiero Fontane, Rome.” A PRACTICAL JOKE. Now, it is sometimes useful tor even a Frenchman to speak a foreign tongue. Had Thomegeux, for example, known Italian, he would have been aware that "Manategia” is quite an untranslatable Italian oath, and this might have made him suspicious. He did not know it, however, and answered with joy that he would give General La Rocca all the satisfaction he w anted, and sent the name of his seconds, but what was his disgust to learn that neither General La Rocca nor the address had any existence save in the imagination of some practical joker. M. Thomegeux was forced to regretfully thank his seconds for the useless trouble he had given them, when suddenly his hopes were revived by the receipt of a letter Purporting to come from an Italian captaiw in the Fourth bersaglieri regiment who was at that moment stopping at the Hotel Continental here. This time a fight seemed sure. Thomegeux's seconds rushed to the hotel, determined to arrange a duel on the spot. Plash! The captain of the bersaglieri w as as nonexistent as the profane general, and all Paris wore a broad grin at the disappointment of Thomegeux, who is one of the most brilliant fencers in the city, and whose duel with Pini was one.of the most remarkable seen here in many days. One of the most tragic duels between men of royal blood in recent years was that in which Prince Henri De Bourbon was killed by the Duke of Montpensier. This affair of honor took place seven miles front the walls of Madrid. March 12, 1870. The immediate cause of the hostile meeting was the production of insulting letters from Prince Henri, branding the Duke of Montpensier as a "Jesuit conspirator” against the peace and happiness of the country and the Spanish people, and as being a “bloated French pastry cook." The Duke of Montpensier’s seconds were Generals Alaminor and Cordova and Colonel Soler. The Prince's seconds were Reoublicaa deputies, members of the

Cortes. After reaching the place of meeting. Prince Henri won the toss for weapons and chose pistols. Prince Henri's first and second shots missed his opponent. His third grazed the cheek of the duke, inflicting a slight wound. The duke's first shot went wide, but the second struck his opponent in the side. The third shot took effect in Prince Henri's forehead, killing him on the spot. On seeing the prince fall, the Duke of Montpensier exclaimed: “My God: what have I done?” Then he swore that he would protect the princes children. After the Duke of Montpensier had fired his second shot, the seconds on both sides tried to effect a reconciliation, hut the prince refused the offer with furious vehemence. The duel caused a profound sensation in Spain, and the Duke of Montpensier was arrested on a charge of murder. At his trial he made a prompt confession of his guilt and expressed profound regret that he had killed his adversary. The accused man was sentenced to one month's exile from the city of Madrid and to pay $6,000 indemnity to' the family of Prince Henri. NAMES CO-RESPONDENTS. >lrs. Langtry's Husband IncluileM Several ltoyal Personages. NEW YORK. Aug. 14.—Details of the proposed suit of Edward Langtry, who believes he is still legally the husband of the "Jersey Lily,” are lacking. It is known, however, that Mr. Langtry claims that he was never served with notice of the proceedings in California, and that even if he was, it is without the power of any American judge to annul any marriage consummated in England, both of the contracting parties to which were subjects of Great Britain. He has always refused to recognize the California decree. Now that it is announced that Mrs. Langtry is to marry Prince Esterhazy de Galantha, of Austria, Mr. Langtry has decided to bring suit. He threatens to name as one of the co-re-sponrlents the Prince of Wales, down whose royal neck the “Lily” at one time slipped a piece of ice in a playful way at a supper. She was cut by English society after that and came to America to star as an actress. The other co-respondents will probably be Sir Robert Peel and Squire Abingdon Baird, who died in New Orleans a few years ago. The latter, rumor has it, heat Mrs. Langtry once and then spent half a million dollars on her to make up for the beating. Sir George Whetwyn, who had a fight with the Marquis of Lonsdale over the “Lily,” may figure with the marquis in the divorce suit. Lord Rosslyn's name may also come in for its share of the notoriety. Counsel for Mrs. I-angtry in this city claim that there is nothing in Mr. Langtry's threats. A. H. Hummel, the divorce lawyer, said that her divorce is perfectly regular and was obtained on the ground that Mr. Langtry had never supported her. One point, however, was not generally understood by the public, Mr. Hummel said, and that was that the divorce was not effective for one year. Mrs. Langtry, he further explained, is a citizen of California. She owns a ranch at Calistoga, I-ake county, California, that cost her SI(S),000 in cash. It has proved a profitable investment, and owing to the fact that it is watered land is now worth $300,000. Mrs. Langtry also owns real estate in Salt Lake City and in New York city.

YOUNG GIRL MURDERED. Her Hotly Pound In n Pasture >ear Her Father's House. RUTLAND, Vt.. Aug. 15.—Dora E. Cushman, fifteen years old, daughter of Dr. A. J. Cushman, of Lincoln, a mountain town in Addison county, was found dead in a pasture near her father’s house this morning, and it is believed she was murdered. She left home ostensibly to pick blackberries yesterday afternoon. Alarm was given at night because she did not return. Parties searched for her all night, and her body was found by her brother this morning. The body had no marks to indicate foul play, but there was blood on the leaves near by and circumstances direct suspicions to Smith Davis, a young man who had paid attentions. Davis fled and is thought to have passed through Rutland last night. OUTRAGES BY* WHITECAPS. Two Mm mid it Woman Mercilessly Flogged by Kentuckians. CINCINNATI, 0., Aug. 15.—For three months a band of whitecaps have been causing terror in the vicinity of Kensington, Ky., and a determined stand will be made against them by the people of that section. About two weeks ago they called at the home of Edward Bolan, the superintendent of Kensington subdivision, and by force compelled him to go to the woods with them. They then whipped and beat him in a most brutal manner. they found a man named O’Hara camping on Kensington lake with a woman who he claimed was his wife and beat both the man and the woman shamefully. ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. President McKinley to Attend the Annual Reunion nt Troy This Week. TROY, N. Y\, Aug. 15.—The twentyeighth annual meeting of the Army of the Potomac, to be held in this city next Friday and Saturday, will be an event of more than usual importance because of the presence of President McKinley, Vice President Hobart and Governor Frank S. Black. The list of organizations which will participate in the parade is large, and the showing of the troops will be excellent. It is probable that there will be more than three thousand men in line. Elaborate preparations are being made for the decoration of the buildings of the city, ana the streets will present a brilliant array of Hags, bunting and streamers. The President's party will arrive in Troy front Bluff Point on Friday morning, and the programme arranged is as follows: Friday morning, meeting of the various army corps. At 3 o'clock in the afternoon a parade will t;*ke place and at 5 o'clock a business meeting will be held in the City Hall. Public exercises will be held at Music Hall in the evening at S o'clock, at which time addresses of welcome will be delivered by Governor Black and Mayor Molloy, and the president of the society, Gen. Wm. W. Henry will respond. An orabe delivered by Major Woodruff, U. s. A. President McKinley will also be one of the speakers of the evening. The President nt Church. BLUFF POINT. N. Y., Aug. 15.—President McKinley, Vice President and Mrs. Hobart, Mrs. Alger and Master Hobart comprised th'e presidential party which attended the Trinity Episcopal Church this morning. The party was slightly delayed on their way from the Hotel Champlain to town, so that the church service had begun when the carriage arrived. The President seemed to enjoy the service, and especially tin: music. After the service was over the Presid’ent held back, evidently wishing to mingle with the congregation in going out of the church, but the people also remained standing in their pews, seemingly unwilling to precede the presidential party in going out of the church. The President remained indoors after his return to the hotel. He was an interested observer of a great electrical storm which visited the Champlain valley in the afternoon. A bolt of lighting struck and shattered one of the largest nines on the Blurt Point grounds. They Are Good Indians. Harper's Weekly. Complaint is made that Mrs. Harriet Maxwell Converse, of New York, whose grandfather and father were Seneca Indians by adoption, and who has herself been elected a member of the tribe, uses her influence with the Indians on the Onondaga reservation to incite them to hold to pagan rites and customs, thereby seriously interfering with the efforts of missionaries who wish to Christianize the Indians, and have established churches for that purpose. Mrs. Converse denies the charge, averring that she is herself a member of the Episcopal Church, and has not interfered with the conversion of the Indians. She admits, though, that she does not think the missionaries can do the Seneca Indians much good, and believes that the Indians do well to stick to their ancestral religion, which, she says, is practically Christian, though it has its special observances, such as the three goat annual dances which the Indians observe. There is no harm in these dances. Mrs. Converse thinks, and nothing repulsive about them. At one of them, it is true, a dog is sacrificed to the Great Spirit, but it is a white dog of a species specially bred for this purpose, and it is not cruelly killed, but merely strangled. As for conduct, Mrs. Converse declares that many of the Senecas are better Christians than some of the missionaries. She seems to think that as long as the Senecas last they would better continue to be Indians. There is doubtless a good deal to lie said in support of that view, though the prospect that it will ever recommend itself to the missionaries is remote.

AN ASSASSIN IN AMBUSH A YOIXG \EGRO, OSCAR \VHARTO.X, Ml RDEHED AT WOODRI FF PLACE. Hm. n. Bridgewater Supposed to He the Murderer— Jealousy Over the Wife of the Knife l ser. * The beautiful suburb of Woodruff Place was shocked by its first murder last night, when a young negro, Oscar Wharton, was stabbed to death, presumably by William H. Bridgewater, another negro. The motive was jealousy of Bridgewater’s wife, who has been separated from her husband for about a year. The woman in the case is a rather comely colored woman of about thirty years. She has been married to Bridgewater nine ytars, but they separated about a year ago. since which time she has worked as a domestic, being at present employed as a domestic in the family of Arthur Thomas, on the East drive of Woodruff. Yesterday she was one of a party of five that enjoyed a picnic at “Crows' Nest,'' the party consisting of herself, Mary Barger, employed at No. 102 Woodruff, on the middle drive; Artie Odem and the murdered man. It was the second time Wharton had ever met the woman, and he was not her “company.” Apparently Bridgewater knew something about the picnic party, for he had evidently been lying in ambush, awaiting their return. He had been out to see his wife the night before, but had had no quarrel with her; on tho contrary, he had talked as if he desired that they should live together again. The picnic party returned to Woodruff shortly before 10 o'clock last night in a surrey that had been hired at some livery stable by the murdered man. The Daggy woman was left at her employer’s residence and the other four drove to No. 102, on the middle drive, where the Barger girl is employed. All went to the rear of the house and Wharton and the Bridgewater woman walked across the back yard to Thomas's residence. There are no fences in the place and it was nearer for them to cut across the lawn. According to the story of the woman, she sat on a bench on the rear porch of the house, which is almost surrounded by lattice work. Wharton was standing in front of her talking wnen she saw a man, supposed to be her husband, come slipping up the walk from the same direction they had come. In another moment he was on'the porch and the two men clinched without saying a word. She ran around to the front of the house and got to her own room, but as she ran she saw the two men struggling in the yard in the rear of the house. Mary Barger and Henry Odem were sitting on the back steps of No. 102, about fifty yards from the scene of the struggle, but it was intensely dark in the shadows of tho heavy foliage and they knew nothing of the affair until they saw a man run toward them and fall to his knees. They ran to his assistance, and found it was Wharton. They assisted him to his feet and half carried him several paces, when he dropped upon the grass w’ith a moan. Odem asked him what was the matter and he replied: “1 am eftt and cut bad.” “Where are you cut?” asked Odem. THREE UGLY WOUNDS.

“All over,” replied the dying man, and he spoke no more. He had told the truth. He had three ugly wounds, any one of which might have proven fatal. One was immediately above the heart, another was on the right side just above the abdomen and the other was squarely in the abdomen. In addition to these he had a cut on the left hand, where the knife had gone to the bone. The wounds were not made with a razor, but with a pocket knife. The wounded man expired in about twenty minutes. In the meantime, E. C. Tost, whose house on the Middle drive is opposite that of Mr. Thomas on the East drive, was awakened by the struggle and saw a man run over toward the power house on the first drive, lie dressed and came down, and as soon as he learned what was the matter telephoned to the City Dispensary and the police. Bicycle Officers Wallace and Holtz were dispatched to the scene at once. They found Wharton dead and had no trouble in getting the story of the affair. A light hat, like the one worn by Bridgewater bat-, urday night, was found on the porch where the struggle began, but Wharton's hat could not be found. The strange feature of the affair was that the surrey the party had left hitched in front of No. 102 had disappeared, and whoever had taken it had thrown out of it half a dozen empty beer bottles, the contents of which had been consumed by the partjy The crash of this glass on the pavement had awakened Admiral Brown, residing across the drive, and he had heard a man running around his house. He had dressed and searched his premises, but had found nothing out of place, nor had his butler, who was awake all the time, heard anything. The three women and Odem were taken to the police station and detained as witnesses, while the whole force was turned loose in the effort to find Bridgewater. Bridgewater is a man of thirty-two or thirty-three years, very dark, and was described to the officers on the different beats as “bullet-headed.” He works about at odn jobs with the street contractors, his last employment being with Henry Maag. He and his wife formerly lived in West Indianapolis, and their separation was due to a violent quarrel, in the course of which he shot his wife and was arrested for it at the time. The police sent out a full description of him to all the surrounding cities last night. The murdered man, Oscar Wharton, was a light-colored, short and heavy-set negro of thirty years. He was employed as a hostler at Horace Wood's livery stable, and was known as a quiet, peaceable man. He was unmarried and resided with his parents at 33S Tremont street. From his wages he supported his parents. Taxation ot' Patent Rights. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: In an editorial, ‘'Taxation of Patent Rights,” you quote from the attorney general of Indiana as follows: “The value represented in a patent under which the holder has an exclusive right to the invention or discovery for a period of years stands upon a very different footing. Primarily the value of such invention lies in its novelty and usefulness. If it is neither novel nor useful it has no value, no matter how many patents may have been Issued upon it. All the value given to it by letters patent is in the monopoly or right to the exclusive use for a term of years in that which was his before, and this monopoly, while afforded by the general government in the exercise of a grant conferred upon it by the Constitution, is in no sense a government appliance. Without it, while the people might not live so comfortably, the government might exist as powerfully. Its value represents not only the interest worth of the invention, but the value of money expended in advertising and making known to the world the value and necessity of it.” Now, if in what the attorney general of Indiana says there is to be found any proposition on which that functionary may be taken as "locking horns” with Federal Judge Baker, it is the proposition that the ascertained “inherent worth” of the invention covered by a patent, coupled with the money required to be invested “in advertising and making known to the world the value and necessity of” that "invention,” is that which the State may legitimately tax. I have not yet. 1 trust, reached the stage of senility when any sort of intellectual gymnastics has failed to interest, and so I would fain inquire how the State Board of Tax Commissioners shall proceed to ascertain the “inherent worth” of the “invention;” and how, after “money” has been expended by the inventor or any promoter “in advertising and making known to the world the value and necessity of” t! e invention, the State Board of Tax Commissioners shall proceed to add the “value” of that expended money to the invention itself? Am 1 to conclude that it is pre-emi-nently the function of the State Board of Tax Commissioners to guess property into existence for the purpose of taxation? I own letters patent for an invention which I regard not only as of “Inherent worth,” but as being a “necessity” to the world; but as to such money as 1 have already spent in order to impress the world with a moving sense of either the "inherent worth” of that invention or of the “necessity of it.” that money, alas! has gone from me, and most likely will nctfer return either to my touch or smell, though I confess to the pleasing hope that some other cttiien i of this or some other State is honestly taxed i with it. if. forsooth, the Stale Board ox

Tax Commissioners should take it into their official heads to adopt the notion of the "inherent value" of every invention which has found lodgement in my inventive head, and tax me up in the direction of a millionaire, l doubt very much whether they would materially affect the chance of my being in default with the landlord on next rent day, or materially improve my credit with the butcher around the corner. Indianapolis, Aug, 14. INVENTOR. LABOR PROBLEMS. Complication* Caused by Machinery and Competition of Women. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: We count him lucky who comes into possession of a good thing, while others equally entitled to it do not; these are called unlucky. Governor Mount is right when he says that, finding a human being in want, it is the duty of those who can to help him without stopping to inquire how he cfime to want. The coal miners are in want, and they have been helped, and they need more help, with indications that they will need help right along for an indefinitely protracted period, long enough, at least, for us to inquire why they are thus, and then ask, can we afford to provide for permanently relieving them, seeing that everybody else, with few exceptions, is in precisely the same condition. A candid study of the situation reveals the fact that coal miners are suffering from the same economic conditions that have disturbed farmers, mechanics, merchants and everybody else. It must be remembered that the gravamen of their plaint is a want of constant employment—they can work only about two days in a week and chiefly, therefore, the rate of wages should be increased, so that they may live on the proceeds of these two days. Now, who is to blame for this condition? Certainly the op-, orators are not, for it is to their interest to handle all the coal possible. The bottom fact is there is not a sufficient demand for the output of the mines when worked full time with the improved machinery and vast army of men who take to the mines rather than to other overcrowded industries. Even at greatly reduced rates the world cannot use the volume of coal that can be taken out of the mines of the world, with the men and machinery employed, or seeking employment, in mining. But what industry has not been equally disturbed by the introduction of labor-saving machinery? Not one-fourth the manual labor is required in farming to-day that was sixty years ago, when the sickle and the flail and the sheet prepared wheat for the bin, and long days of car tag# took it to market in ox wagons, and the clothes the farmer and his wife wore were made of flax raised by the farmer, and which was broken and scutched and hackled and spun and woven by the women and made into garments by the same hands. Labor-saving machinery has turned fully three-fourths of the farm force out of employment. The same is true of every industry. We have no blacksmiths any more, of very few’. Once they made the axes, the chains, the plows—everything. These are all made by machinery now. Even the horse is more than half shod by machinery and the children too. No shoemakers any more, only cobblers, and a carpenter of the old style is unknown. A few’ men find employment in putting together w’hat the planing mill has prepared to their hands. Not one-fourth the manual labor Is bestowed In any occupation that was required sixty years ago. and coal miners are only in the same boat with others; why should they alone be singled out as objects of charity? What has become of the surplus farm labor, .carpenter, blacksmith and the like?

But labor-saving machinery is not this only disturbing element in the labor question. Women are “in it” almost if not quite as potentially. Look at the army of women that have driven men from the profitable and honorable profession of schoolteaching. Fifty years ago only a prodigy like Mrs. Dumont or the Axtells was tolerated as teachers. How is it now? The masculine teacher is the exception, not in the common school only, but in the high schools, and th'ey are alarmingly invading colleges. Once the boy, driven from the farm or tho shop, could find a situation in some store. Not so now; women are there, working cheaper, probably, hut working well; and the department stores—only a modified form of labor-saving machineryhave swallowed up the smaller stores which gave employment to thousands of men, as the consolidation of railroads and other interests have done the same thing. Once a man could find employment as a copyist in a lawyer's office or as bookkeeper in some business office. That is all gone. The übiquitous girl is there with her typewriter and shorthand appliances, find the man is out of a job. She even invades the editor’s sanctum and culls the exchanges and writes his best editorials, sometimes. Once a boy, driven from the farm or shop, could take refuge in the profession of law or medicine or theology, but how is it now? Women lawyers, women doctors and women preachers galore, and they evidently have designs upon politics, and, judging from the past, it is only a question of time till they get there. Therefore, in considering the forces which have entered into the derangement of the labor question, women must be recognized as among the chief, and we may no more calculate upon restoring the status quo as to her than as to the other disturbing ele-ment-improved machinery. Electricity and steam have come to stay, and so have the women, and the labor problem of the hour is how to adjust ourselves to these stubborn facts. Evidently it cannot he done by consenting to*provlde for the surplus men who cannoi find employment in any given occupation and who refuse to seek any other employment. Equally evident the remedy is not in labor combinations, which are intended to limit the number who may work in a given industry, and to arbitrarily fix the price of labor; nor in strikes and the like. It is a complicated question, not to be solved in the schoolroom or bv lectures or editorials, or by legislation. Legislation can do nothing to help, except to see that every man has an equal chance in the struggle. It will some day provide that no man or set of men shall keep any other man or set of men from working. Meantime, the miners are lucky in receiving help to which tens of thousands are equally entitled, because they cannot get work at remunerative prices, or at any price, in many cases, and for the same reason. Only the logic of events will solve the labor problem, but I may, later on. suggest the logical method. Indianapolis, Ind. U. L. SEE. Prohibition Bottles. Washington Post. "Here’s something for a temperance country, or, more particularly, a prohibition country.” said Commissioner Butterworth. as he picked up two very long. slim, flat bottles. “The attorney who has just been explaining these bottles,” continued the Commissioner, “says they can he used In New Hampshire, Maine, and other states where the prohibition law’s are enforced. He is attorney for a man who wants a design granted for them by the Patent Office.” It api ears that in the prohibition States or in communities where there is a strong temperanee sentiment a man who would wish to purchase and carry home any liquor would get himself suspected if he carried it in tr.e usual ohlong hottl with rounding sides or in the round hottl*- with a long neck. The hottles for which the design is asked are long and flat and can be wrapped so as to look like a package of dry goods or some parcel In the common flat box which is used in stores for any article sold. The man who .wishes to appear on the streets with a parcel in hia hand can carry a small bottle of tanglefoot home and not be suspected. The quart bottle is so long that he could tuck it un4er his arm and the general public would say, “There goes Mr. Goodman with the parcel of dry goods his wife asked him to get at the store.” The flat bottles demonstrate the saying of the small boys that “there is more than one way to skin a cat.”

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