Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 May 1897 — Page 2

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merits they have suggested. The majority o' the committee believes that ir a thorough revision of our revenue Jaws, such as is contemplated by the House bill, Is necessary it should be carried out in a conservative spirit, and that such a moderate ami reasonable measure should be adopted as will insure a much gr ater degree of permanence to our tariff legislation. Frequent r visions of the tariff are productive of long periods of uncertainty and arrested development. The radical change in policy in ISM proved disastrous to the business interests of the country. “It was, I believe, thoroughly understood throughout the country in the last political campaign that if the Republican party should be again intrusted with power no extreme tariff legislation would follow. It ■was believed that in the changed conditions of the country a return to the duties imposed by the act of 1890 would not be necessary, even from a protective standpoint. It was with these facts constantly in view that the majority of the finance committee prepared the amendments which they have submitted for your consideration. Nothing could be more conducive to the return and maintenance of real prosperity in this country than the well-grounded belief that there was to be no violent changes in our revenue policy for years to come. The true friends of a protective policy do not insist on extreme rates or any that are not necessary to equalize conditions. While it is true that rates above this line are often inoperative, yet it must be admitted that they furnish needless opportunities for destructive attacks. RATES REDUCED. “The committee believes that in the reductions it has suggested from the rates imposed in the House bill it has not gone in any instance below the protective point, and if the bill should become a law in the form presented by it every American industry would be enabled to meet foreign competition on equal terms —that is, so far as this equality can be secured by tariff legislation. The rates suggested by the committee’s amendments are considerably below those imposed by the House bill, and in most instances below' those contained in the act of 1890. “In suggesting these reductions the members of the majority of the committee reaffirm and emphasize their position as friends of the protective policy. The ultimate purpose of this policy is to secure as far as this is possible by wise'"and conservative legislation, the steady growth and development of all interests—agricultural, manufacturing and commercial. The provisions of a tariff law affect all these interests in numberless ways and unless there can be stability in tariff policy there can be no certainty of prosperity for any. Industrial conditions in this country, with very few exceptions, do not demand a return to the rates imposed by the act of 3890. The bitter contest which is going on among the leading nations of the world for Industrial supremacy hits brought about improvements in methods and economies in production to an extent which was not thought possible a few years ago. These new conditions must be taken into account In considering the rates to be imposed. .Without relinquishing one particle of our to the protection cause, we feel that we have a right to ask that the cause shall not be burdened by the imposition of duties which are unnecessary and excessive. In the readjustment of rates suggested the committee has tried in every instance to make them sufficiently protective to domestic interests without being “The framers of the House bill estimate a total revenue from the Dill of $269.10.),710 in normal years. This would be the largest revenue ever received from customs duties, and an increase of $113,479,79:1 over the customs revenue of 1896 and of $70,732,254 over that of 1893. The report of the ways and means committee of the House recognizes the fact that anticipatory importations will largely reduce the expected revenues of the first fiscal year under the new' tariff, but after making allowance for these importations. the report estimates an increased income of $76,000,000 for the year 1898. provided the law should be passed by May 1. If its enactment were delayed until July 3. the report added, that $15,000,000 addlr tional would easily be lost to the public treasury.” NO REVENUE FOR A YEAR. After giving in detail the House estimates of revenue, Mr. Aldrich pioceeded: “It will be apparent from a critical examination of the provisions of the House bill that the estimate of $10,000,000 increase of revenue, if the bill should become a law by the Ist of July, was excessive. To indicate the grounds on which this judgment is based wo may take the wool and woolen schedule, from which $24,000,000 out of $76,000,000 increase is expected. The fact is well known that there have bet*n unusual importations of wool in anticipation of the reimposition of a duty—enough, according to the trade reports, to supply all the foreign wool needed by the domestic manufacturers for more than a year. The statistics on this point justify the belief that there can be no revenue from the wool duties during the fiscal year 1898. except possibly a small amount from third-class wools. “The estimate of $14,000,000 increase from ■woolen goods is equally erroneous. The same conditions exist, in lesser degree perhaps, with reference to other schedules. Instead of an increased revenue from tobacco, we may more safely count on a decrease in the first vear; the increase from sugar will be much less than the ways and means committee’s estimate, owing to the tfact that one-quarter of the year’s supplies of raw sugar will probably be imported before any new rates of duty can be applied to them. “The secretary of the treasury estimates the expenditures for all purposes for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1898, at $466,846,047.28. The finance committee estimates the revenue to be derived in the same fiscal year from customs, if the provisions of the bill reported by it should be enacted into law, at $182,744,(XX1. This includes an estimated revenue from the temporary duty on tea of $8,000,000. .The committee estimates receipts irom internal revenue for the same period at $170,000,000. If we add to this the treasury estimate for miscellaneous receipts $20,000,000 and the receipts on account of the postoffice, $96,227,076, we have total estimated receipts for the fiscal year 1898 of $469,671,076, or an estimated excess of receipts over expenditures for the year of $2,725,028. If the estimated revenue from the duty on tea and the additional internal revenue taxes should he omitted from the committee’s estimated receipts there would be an estimated deficiency of $29,175,000, instead of a surplus of $2,725 028. The committee believes it to be the imperative duty of Congress to provide in the measure under consideration for a revenue which will certainly meet the requirements of the government for the next fiscal year. The adoption of a revenue bill which should fail in this purpose and which should create an additional deficiency in the immediate future and which would require a further issue of bonds to meet current expenditures would certainly be fatal to the hopes of future success of any political party responsible for such legislation. BEER AND TOBACCO. "In selecting the sources for additional revenue the committee decided to increase temporarily the tax on articles of voluntary use, rather than to assess additional duties, which might prove inoperative, upon articles of necessity or upon those ■which r*nter into our manufactured products. Assuming that the necessity for additional revenue exists, and of this we believe there can be no question, there is no economic reason and certainly none that affects the public interests why beer and tobacco should not bear their share of additional taxation. The committee believes that the duty proposed on tea will not prove a serious burden upon the consumers of that article. Nothing in the theory of protection interferes with the imposition of further internal revenue taxes by protectionists whenever such a course is found desirable for revenue purposes. In the future it is almost certain that we shall he obliged to depend more and more on taxes of this nature for necessary revenue. “In the year to come we must expect a decrease rather than an increase in the customs revenue to be derived under the customs schedules of the tariff. With duties adequately protective on manufactures of cotton, wool, silk and ilax wo may expect a constantly diminishing revenue from the importations of itn-se products. "If he rates imposed by this bill on sugar should be found to lead to the rapid development of the beet-sugar industry in the United States we may expect large' reductions year by year irom the contemplated revenue from sugar. Some of the most sanguine advocates of the policy of encouraging beet-sugar production in this country believe that we shall, within ten years, produce all of our sugar. The legitimate result of a protective policy is to give the American market to American producers. When this becomes an accomplished fact the revenue growing out of protective duties disappears, it must be evident, therefore, that we must look for other sources of revenue. Whether it should be along the line of an Increase of Internal-revenue taxes, such as we have suggested, or whether some other sources of revenue should be sought, it 1b not rec*-ssary now to determine. It is safe to assume that numerous objectors will always be found to any plan tor increased taxation. In this particular ease the committee are only strenuous that a wise public policy requires that our revenues should At ail times he equal to our expenditures er.d that the people of the United States will not bo satisfied revenue

measure that does not provide adequate income for this purpose. THE SUGAR SCHEDULE. “In the sugar schedule we have suggested a change in rates and in the manner of assessing the duties. As the schedule is a very important one it seems proper that I should explain definitely the effect of the provisions we recommend. The annual consumption of sugar in the United States is about two million gross tons of 2,240 pounds each, with a value, based on foreign prices, approximating $90,00*),C00. If the high duties proposed in either the House or Senate bill should be adopted the annual cost of sugar to consumers will be more than $160,000,000. Os the consumption of 1890 forty thousand tons, or 2 per cent., were beet sugars, produced in the United States, and 244,000 tons, or 12 per cent., were domestic cane sugars, and 157,000 tons, or 8 pel 1 cent., were sugars admitted from the Hawaiian islands free of duty under our treaty with the Hawaiian government. The two million tons of sugar consumed in the United Slates constitute nearly 30 per cent of the total consumption of the world, the total sugar consumption approximating seven million tons, of which 4,300,000 tons, or about 6 1 ,* per cent, of the whole world, is beet sugar. “The pressing necessity for securing greatly increased revenues seems to render a return to the Republican policy of free sugar adopted in 1390 an impossibility. The demand for revenue purposes and the belief that every reasonable effort should be made to encourage the production of beet sugar in the United States led a majority of the finance committee to recommend the high rates on sugar which are contained in the bill now' betore the Senate. It is believed by the friends of the beet-sugar industry that w’e can successfully imitate the example of Germany in the rapid development of beet-sugar production. The bid, as it came to us from the House of Representatives, contains provisions which levy a specific duty, based on polariscopic test, on imported sugar varying from 1 cent per pound at 75 degrees to 1% cents per pound on all sugars above No. 16 Dutch standard in color and refined sugars. The effect of these rates, as applied to the total importations at the port of New York for the month of January, 1897, is shown by a table which I submit to the Senate, which has been prepared by the customs officers in New York. The rates suggested show a range of ad valorem equivalent from 78.2 to 144.3 per cent. A careful examination of the tables will show that the scale of rates adopted bears very unequally cn all low-grade sugars. The character and extent of this discrimination led your committee to believe that the schedule should be modified. “The committee determined, after a careful examination of the whole subject, to recommend rates which would he in their effect as high at least as the House bill, hut which would be levied in a manner that would make the ad valorem equivalents more uniform. We believe that the imposition of the high specific rates on lowgrade sugars testing 7s degrees or below w'ould have the effect to exclude them from the markets of the United States. The total amount of these low grades produced is, as I have already stated, unimportant, as compared with the total sugar crop, but their continued importation into the United States is very important, when viewed from the standpoint of our trade and commerce with other countries. To exclude from the American market ail the low-grade cane sugars from the near-by countries and sugars of all grades from distant countries would confine American purchasers to beet sugar and to centrifugals from points nearest the United States, and send all other sugars to free markets like Canada and England. This policy would undoubtedly increase the price of the sugars from nearby countries and necessarily add to the cost of sugar to consumers in the United States. These are the reasons which led your committee to suggest an ad valorem rate of 75 per cent, on all Sugars testing not above 87 degrees. But this rate can never apply to but a very small portion of the sugars of the world, as from obvious causes the proportionate amount of such sugars is constantly decreasing. “Os the cane sugars testing above* 87 degrees, very much the larger portions, as I have already stated, are centrifugals, testing about 96 degrees. The committee, in considering the question whether they should adopt the specific scale contained in the House Schedule for sugars testing above 87 degrees, were confronted with the fact that these rates w’ould discriminate in favor of the sugars of certain localities and values against those of others. COMPOUND RATES.

The committee after full consideration reached the conclusion that the essential elements of a certainty of revenue and tin adjustment of rates that would lessen discriminations could best be secured by the adoption of compound rates. The committee therefore adopted the suggestion which is contained in the bill we have reported to the Senate of imposing a specific duly, which is equivalent to about 40 per cent, ad valorem, with an additional duty of 35 per cent, ad valorem on all sugars from 87 degrees to 100 degrees, with thirteen-hundredths of a cent per pound additional on all sugars above No. 16 Dutch standard in color and on refined sugars. More than y 0 per cent, of the sugar which is imported into the United States has heretofore been imported in a raw condition and has been refined here, and it is therefore of importance that we should consider carefully the effect which the schedule proposed by the Senate committee would have on the refining industry. 1 assume that it will be admitted in all quarters that this industry is entitled to fair treatment. The fact that the business as conducted to-day is in comparatively few hands and that a large portion of it is carried on by one company, while it furnishes a reason for unusual care in the adjustment of the rates in order that no undue or unfair advantage shall be given to sugar refiners, should not be allowed to furnish a pretext in the preparation of a tariff hill constructed on protective lines for the destruction of a great industry. In other words, it is important from every economic standpoint that we make it possible that the refining of sugar can be successful.y carried on here and that the business should not be turned over by legislative discriminations to German refiners. “It is therefore incumbent on us to show that no protection is given the refining interests by the proposed schedule beyond that which is adequate for the continued existence of the business in the United States. For this purpose i have prepared a series of statements which I submit for your consideration showing the actual difference between the rates imposed by the schedule upon raw sugars of different grades and refined. The first of these tables to which 1 will call your attention shows the rates imposed upon each grade of sugar testing above 87 degrees by the House bill and the Senate bill. It shows further the actual differential on each grade in both the House and Senate bills. This table shows that the deferential between raw and refined by the Senate proposition varies from 9.77 to 15.40 cents per one hundred pounds, while the differential in the House bill varies from 12.20 to 17.35 cents per one hundred pounds. It will he seen from an examination of this table that the differential between granulated sugar and 96 degrees centrifugal—this being by far the most important class of raw sugars and in amount twothirds of the total imports of raw cane—is 9.87 cents per one hundred pounds; on 94 degrees centrifugal the differential is 10.8 cents; on 89 degrees Muscovadoes the differential is 14.6 cents. NO UNDUE ADVANTAGE. “In order to show that the committee’s proposition does not give undue advantage to beet sugars as compared with cane sugars, the following statement has been prepared by me to show the differential be-, tween raw and refined beet sugars in comparison with the differential of the same sugars based on the rates imposed by the existing law. Differential rates on raw beet sugar and German granulated: Refined. Raw. Differ’l. Present law .... 104.50 89.52 14.98 Senate bill 196.50 181.703 14.797 Mr. Aldrich then submitted statements showing the differentials under varying values of sugar and resumed: “Under existing laws, German refined receives thirtyeight hundredths of a cent per pound export bounty. The countervailing duty here is but one-tenth of a cent per pound. The German refiner, therefore, received a net bounty of twenty-eight hundredths of a cent per pound. This enables him to sell his product at a less price than tiie American refiner has to pay for nineiy-six degree centrifugals, it is ads kind ot competition which is driving the cane sugar producers and refiners of the world to tne wall.” Mr. Aldrich then replied at length to a statement by Hon. William L. Wilson, in which the latter estimated the rates imposed by the Senate committee’s proposition. Continuing, Mr. Aldrich said: "In tin tables I have submitted no allusion is made to the bounty provisions contained in both the Senate and House proposals. The adoption of these or similar provisions for countervailing duties seems to be a necessity if we are to develop the beet sugar industry In the United States. Otherwise it will be possible for any foreign country, by th* extension of its bounties to neutralize entirely the effect of our protective duties. "In considering the important question whether the differential proposed by either the House or the Senate bill is greater than it should be, we are bound in fairness to take into consideration existing conditions and the changes which have taken place since the enactment of the act of 1594. When that act was under discussion in the Senate the difference in the foreign value of German granulated and raw beets, 88 per-

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, MAY 26, 1897.

cent. annualized was fifty-seven hundredths of a cent per pound. In March the difference was thirty-three hundredths of a cent per pound. The importations of refined sugars into the United States amounted in 1891 to 4,000.00<) pounds and in 1892, to 14.000.000 pounds. The importations in 1896 amounted to 187.000.000 pounds while the importations in the single month of April, 1897. amounted to nearly 32,tw0,000 pounds. “German refiners have driven the sugar refining industry of Great Britain almost entirely out of existence. They are, as I have already stated, invading every sugar market of the world with their product. Most of the German granulated imported is the result of a continuous process: of refining. For months raw beet sugar and German granulated have sold on an absolute parity of value, taking only into account, the percentage of pure sugar contained in each. If we assume the cost of refining sugar in the United States to be approximitely one-half a cent per pound, and if German refined can be sold without loss on the same basis with German raws it must be evident that the differentials suggested in the Senate proposition are not only not excessive, but they are quite likely in the near future to prove inadequate to secure the continuance of the business of sugar refining in the United States. If the importations of German granulated should increase at the same ratio that they have since the act of 1894 was adopted, the Germa s will certainly secure at an early day a large part of the American market. The protection afforded by the differentials proposed by the Senate committee is, I believe, not only less by percentage, hut less with reference to the actual requirements of the industry than that afforded by the rates imposed upon any other important product by the terms of the bill.” THE HAWAIIAN TREATY. The senator then took up the Hawaiian treaty and said: “The committee will also prepare and present an amendment to the House provisions in regard to the Hawaiian treaty. The existing commercial treaty between the United States and the government of these islands provides for the free admission of raw sugars, the product of the islands, into the l nited States. If this treaty should remain in force it would result in giving a bounty to the Hawaiian sugar producers amounting to more than $8,000,000 per annum. It was not contemplated. when the original treaty was made or when it was extended, that any possible advantage of this kind could ever result from its terms to the people of the Sandwich islands. The effect of this bounty will undoubtedly be to stimulate enormously the production of sugar in the Hawaiian islands. While we cannot fairly abrogate a treaty of this kind with a friendly country, without notice, we believe that negotiations should at once he entered into looking to such a modification of the treaty as will reduce the bounty to be paid Hawaiian sugar producers to a reasonable sum, and the committee will present an amendment looking in this direction at an early day. “There should be no difficulty in securing through the treaty-making power such modifications of the treaty as will be satisfactory to both countries without injury to either. It certainly cannot be expected that the United States will continue for any length of.’ time to pay a bonus of seven or eight millions of dollars per annum as an inducement to any foreign country to trade with us; i assume there will be no difficulty in securing proper modifications of the treaty so that it will not be necessary for the government of the United States to give the one year’s notice of the abrogation as provided for by its terms.” CHANGES IN WOOL AND WOOLENS. “Important changes have been made in schedule K both on the rates on wool and on manufactured woolens. In dealing with the wool schedule the committee has suggested more liberal rates to the domestic woolgrower than it has recommended for the producer of any manufactured article in the schedule. It has also suggested for him a more effective protection than he has ever received under any tariff law of the United States at the time of its enactment. The woolgrower is given the benefit of a specific duty upon all classes of wool. Under the operation of this fixed specific duty the amount of protection afforded will increase with each new decline in the foreign value of this Taw material. The committee has aimed to give the woolgrowers a rate of duty which will average from 10 per cent, to 20 per cent, higher than the rates of earlier tariffs. In doing this it has given a higher protection upon the raw material than upon the manufactured product in every case. "Very careful consideration has been given to the compensatory duty on woolen goods, with the result of reducing the compensatory rates on low-grade goods into whose manufacture more or less of other materials than wool enter. On the high-grade goods the compensatory duties are fixed on the same basis that has obtained in all previous tariffs. The House bill rate of 32 per cent, on carpet wools costing less than 13 cents a pound has created more agitation and opposition than any other feature of the wool schedule. It is alleged by the woolgrowers that this low rate of duty on carpet wools destroys the effectiveness of the protection afforded upon the higher grades of wool by reason of the temptation it offers to import these low wools to be used in cheviots, golf suitings and other popular fabrics which do not require fine wools. “Without undertaking to affirm the correctness of these allegations regarding the extensive use of these carpet wools for clothing purposes the committee recognized the fact that there is some such use made of them. To remove all possible ground for complaint on this score they have fixed the duties on Class 3 wools at 4 cents a pound under 10 cents in value and at 7 cents a pound over that valuation. Under these duties the ad valorem equivalents will range on the various clips trom 35 per cent, up to 60 per cent., and in some instances 70 per cent., and they are higher than in any previous law. It is certain that under these duties foreign carpet wools cannot be imported to take the place of domestic wools in the cloth manufacture. Taking this feature of the wool schedule into account it is a fact definitely demonstrated by the market reports that the protection given the American woolgrower under the Senate bill is greater and more effective than he has ever before received in an American tariff. Under this schedule wool growing should become in time one of the most profitable branches of American agriculture. THE DUTY ON HIDES. “Many changes are made in Schedule N. The one which will attract most attention is the placing of a duty upon hides of cattle. Representatives of the Western States in which cattle are raised have been for many years insisting that a duty on hides should find a place in the tariff bill whicn was intended to protect all American interests. This contention has been resisted by the tanners of the country, who believed that it would place an unnecessary burden on their important industry. I shall not attempt to enter in detail into the reason which led the committee to suggest the imposition ot the duty. Speaking for myself, i believe that the fears which have been so emphatically expressed as to the injurious effects of the duty have been largely overestimated, and that no very serious burden will be placed on either the tanning, the leather, or the boot and shoe industry if the amendment should be adopted. “Many changes are suggested in the free list. Among the more notable of these is a recommendation to return to the liberal provisions of existing law with regard to the free importation of hooks, works of art, etc., under certain conditions. “At the time the bill was reported from the committee I stated in its behalf that an amendment looking to the more rapid development and extension of reciprocal trade with foreign countries would be reported from the committee at a later day. The committee has not yet found the opportunity to prepare such an amendment. It seemed to it that the provisions of the House bill in this respect would not prove effective. It is the purpose of the committee to prepare a provision which will enable the government of the United States within certain fixed limits and without further legislative action to enter on arrangements or to negotiate reciprocity treaties looking to an extension of our foreign trade. In suggesting the striking out of the House provision, the committee had no purpose or abandoning the Republican reciprocity policy. It hopes to he able to suggest such provisions as will enable our government to greatly extend that policy and make its adoption permanent. “The committee also hopes before the bill passes from the consideration of the Senate to he able to present certain needed amendments to the customs administration law. ' In conclusion Mr. Aldrich said: “The industrial system of the United States is growing more and more complex every year. It is becoming more difficult every year to satisfy, in a tariff revision, conflicting claims of sections, or to so adjust rat‘ u s as to do no injustice to any of the varied interests of this great country. The revision of paragraphs and rates recoinmended by the committee are undoubtedly far from satisfactory in many cases to interested parties. The amendments recorded represent the consensus of opinion of a majority of the members of the committee. We have no pride of opinion or authorship in regard to any of the provisions reported. We have given careful consideration to the numerous important questions involved in the various schedules. Wo present to the Senate the result of our labors, and shall cheerfully accept your judgment as to the wisdom of our conclusions.” Mr. Aldrich closed at 3:10 p. m., having spoken a little over an hour. Mr. Pettigrew presented the amendment.

of which he has heretofore given notice, that when articles are manufactured by a trust articles of such character imported from abroad shall be free of duty. He said lie would ask its consideration immediately after the committee amendments. VEST REPLIES TO ALDRICII. The Missouri Senator Thinks There Is Too Mach Money in the Treasury. Mr. Vest, Democratic member of the finance committee, wqs then recognized. “We know,” he said, “the desperate condition of the country, the ruined homes, the blasted hearts. If prosperity can come from any source, even from our adversaries, we will bless the moment. I do not believe the imposition of higher tariff duties will dispel the clouds hanging above us, bringing back the sunshine and illuminating the whole country.” It had been said, Mr. Vest proceeded, that adversity came with the advent of the Democratic party and prosperity with the Republican party. But that adversity did not come with the advent of the Democratic party. Mr. Vest said he would summon as a witness no less an authority than William McKinley. The senator read from a report made by Mr. McKinley on April 1, 1890, setting forth the distress which the farmers of the country were suffering. How was it expected, the senator asked, that by increasing the burden of tariff taxes the farmers would be helped to buy more goods. All agreed that there, must be sufficient revenue to meet the requirements of the government, that the government credit shall be sustained and her flag honored. But every dollar collected by the government beyond its needs is a crime. Why was it, Mr. Vest asked, that the Republican paxtv was about to abandon its record and urge a tariff not for protection but for the amount of revenue it will produce. Why does it abandon its record and propose a tax on tea? The senator said there was at this time an available balance in the treasury of $229,350,650. Deducting the gold reserve of one hundred millions the available balance was $129,350,650. This vast amount of idle money was now accumulated in the treasury. And yet the Senate was told that it must impose on our suffering people additional taxes. When President Harrison turned over the government to President Cleveland the treasury balance stood at $24,128,087. To-day there was $105,000,0v0 more than when Mr; Harrison turned over government affairs to Mr. Cleveland. How could this obvious fact be avoided. Governor Dlngley admitted it, Mr. Vest said, and tried to explain it on she ground that subsidiary coin and certain deficits were included in this present treasury balance. But with these items (about $36,000,000) out there remained about $92,000,000 available for the uses of the government. To overcome this Governor Dirigley says we ought to increase the gold reserve to $150,000,000. Even if there was a deficit of sixty-five millions this year—which Mr. Vest did not admit—yet there was ample in the treasury to meet that deficit. Why, then, should we hurry to put more taxes on the people when every dollar unnecessarily hoarded by the government is a crime against the people. Mr. Vest said it was most unfortunate that the Republican side had offered no estimate of revenue until to-day. Inquiry had been made of Statistician Ford as to the promised comparative statement and he had stated that it was turned over to the senator from Rhode Island (Aldrich.) Mr. Vest asked what the estimate of Mr. Ford was on the bill. . . Mr. Aldrich replied that the statistician stated that in his opinion neither the House nor the Senate bill would furnish sufficient revenue to meet the expenses of the government. “NAKED AND BOLD.” Mr. Vest, proceeding, declared that the proposition to raise $31,000,000 of revenue by a tax on tea and increasing internal revenue taxes was a “naked and bold” abandonment of the protective policy of the Republican party. Where was the protection to American manufacturers in those taxes, he asked. The senator said that the greatest suffering in the country was felt In the agricultural States. With abundant harvests the people were without money and were appealing to Congress for reiiet. Mr. Chandler interrupted with an inquiry as to where the vast accumulation in the treasury to which Mr. Vest had alluded came from. Does the senator mean that the Wilson hill put it there, and if not, how did it get there?” asked Mr. Chandler. “We all know,” answered Mr. Vest, “that it came from the sale of bonds, which I did not approve, but it makes no different:* where it came from. There it is in the treasury and what right have you to increase the taxes on the people when enough is in the treasury already?” The senator declared that the urgent need was not for greater taxes, but for more money and better prices. The fall in prices must be stayed before there could be any prosperity. He mentioned as one source of evil that our workers were paid on a gold basis and came into competition with those paid on a silvo* basis. “The senator from Nevada (Stewart) usually makes that argument.” interpose* Mr. Gallinger, of New Hampshire. “He ha : ‘ based it usually on Jap*m s use of silver, and now Japan has repudiated silver.’“You mean Japan was bought out,” Mr. Stewart put in. Mr. Vest then turned to several of the schedules and discussed them in detail. First he took up the sugar schedule. Ingenious tables could be prepared as to sugadifferentials and the tables of the senator from Rhode Island (Aldrich) were of this ingenious kind. The whole thing turned on one point, said Mr. Vest, and no one but the expert inside the sugar refinery was able to tell this. It was as to how much raw sugar would make 100 pounds of refined sugar and what amount of waste wifi there be. One of the. Sugar Trust Officials had testified before the Lexow investigation that profits of 21 per cent, had been realized. That amount could he made only on the waste and the sugar expert was the only man who knew about this waste. Without discussing the Hawaiian treaty Mr. Vest said that it would have beer} at least more honorable had the committee proposed to abrogate the Hawaiian treaty, rather than kill it indirectly. THE DUTY ON LEAD. “How is it possible to defend the increase of duty on lead?” asked Mr. Vest, “when the Lead Trust is making enormous profits and is declaring 12 per cent, dividends on it> sffock. common and preferred. Why double the rate on lead, a product going into every poor home, in order to feed the cormorant taste of these monopolies?” On earthenware and crockery the senator said the increased duties were appalling. The framers of the hill had undertaken to make the duties absolutely prohibitory. And this on th goods which go into every home. It was outrageous oppression the senator declared. Referring to the wool schedule, Mr. Vest spoke of the conflicting claims of the wool manufacturers, and Mr. Lawrence, "the Shepherd King.” As to hides, Mr. Vest said, he warned Republican senators that hides would go back on the free list as * result of thrifty New England sentiment In conclusion. Mr. Vest said there was no disposition to delay the consideration of the bill. There would be no factious opposition and no unnecessary objection. Mr. Cannon introduced an amendment for a bounty on agricultural exports and spoke briefly. He said the pending bill offered no protection to agricultural staples. The passage of the bill without Any protection to the farmer would be a rank injustice and would be a violation of the pledge whicn the victorious party made in its platform to the voters last year. If the bill shall fail to give some measure of justice to the farmer, then he will overthrow it at the first opportunity, declared Mr. Cannon. It was a singular fact, commented Mr. Chandler, that the Utah senator had long supported a protective tariff and now concluded that tiie system he advocated was robbery. Mr. Cannon responded that in his guilelessness as a Republican he had accepted the entire protective idea, but now with the responsibility of weighing the merits of every protective proposition he insisted on equalizing the advantages so that tne farmer would receive a share. The tariff bill was then laid aside for the day. At 5:15 p. in. the Senate went into executive session and soon after adjourned.

AMENDMENTS TO THE IHLL. Thirty-Two Offered by Finance Committee—Cannon's Bounty Scheme. WASHINGTON May 25.—Senator Alddrieh, on behalf of the Republican members of # the Senate committee on finance, today gave notice of thirty-two additional amendments to the tariff bill which will be offered as the bill progresses. The principal ones are as follows: Adding to Paragraph 133 relating to round iron or steel wire the following; “Provided that all the foregoing valued at more than 5 cents per pound shall pay 40 per cent, ad valorem.” Paragraph 133(2 is amended by striking out the following words: “Wire cloth and wire netting, made in meshes of any form from iron, steel or brass, copper or other metal, 45 per cent, ad valorem,” and inserting in lieu the words, “that articles manufactured from iron, steel, brass or copper wire shall pay the rate of duty which would ho imposed upon th© wir©

used in the manufacture of such articles, and in addition thereto 1 cent per pound.” Paragraph 14P is amended so as to make the rate on pocketknives valued at more than $1.50 per dozen and not more than SO, $1 nor dozen and 15 per cent, ad valorem, while those valued at more than $3 per dozen are left at $3 per dozen and 20 per cent, ad valorem. The same paragraph is amended by inserting the following amendment: "Provided that blades, handles, or other parts of either or any of the foregoing articles imported in any other manner than assembled in finished knives or erasers shall be subject to no less rate of duty than herein provided for, penknives, pocketknives, pruning knives, manicure knives and erasers valued at more than 50 cents and not more than $1.50 per dozen.” Paragraph 154 is amended so as to provide a uniform rate of 75 cents each and 25 per cent, ad valorem on revolving pistols, removing the House classification and changing the rate. Anew paragraph is added to the metal schedule as follows: "Hooks and eyes, metallic, whether loose, carded or otherwise. including weight of cards, cartons and immediate wrappings and labels, o cents per pound and 15 per cent, ad valorem.” The last part of Paragraph 255, relating to fish packed in oil, is changed so as to read as follows: “All othei fish, except shellfish, in tin packages, 30 per cent ad valorem.” The committee amendment, being anew paragraph for 258, is to be stricken out, and the following inserted: "Fish fresh, smoked, dried, salted, pickled, frozen, packed in ice or otherwise prepared for preservation not specially provided for in this act, and fish skinned or boned, threefourths o? 1 per cent, oer pound; mackerel or salmon, pickled or salted, 1 cent per pound.” Paragraph 299, ginger ale, etc., is amended so as to read, “Beverages containing no alcohol,” instead of "water.” Several verbal changes are proposed in the cotton schedule, and in Paragraph 317 the words “braids” and "gorings,” dutiable at 45 per cent., to be stricken out and they are to be inserted in Paragraph 336, dutiable at 60 per cent. In the woolen schedule rugs in Paragraph 379 are changed to specifically "for floors. In Paragraph 380 the word “manufactures is stricken out and the words “enumerated or provided for in Schedules I, J and G of this act,” were substituted. This will make articles of those schedules in which wool is a component part dutiable as woolen manufactures. „ In Paragraph 3*B, silk schedule, ‘figured goods,” is changed to “in the piece.” In Paragraph 393 paper is increased from 4 to 5 cents per pound. Anew paragraph is inserted :n the paper schedule as follows: ”396, F.—Photograph, autograph and scrap albums wholly or partly manufactured, 3a per cent. ad. valorem.” Manufactures of cork is made dutiable at 25 per cent. In the free list binding twine is changed so as to be free when measuring not exceeding 650 feet to the pound. The following paragraph is stricken from the free list: “Books, engravings, photographs, etchings, bound or unbound, maps and charts imported by authority or for the use of the United States or for the use of the library of Congress.” In Paragraph 486 A, books, maps, etc., the words “or exchanges” are added so that the articles may be sent to exchanges as well as subscribers. In Paragraph 546 the words excepting fish oils” are inserted, making such oils dutiable. , , ~ . In Paragraph 962, ivory, the words and vegetable ivory” are added. Paragraph 958. "lime, chloride of, and bleaching powder” is stricken from the free list. .. , Several other senators also gave notice of amendments to the bill which they propose to offer. Two of these are by Senator Burrows, a member of the finance committee, reducing the ad valorem rate on watches, clocks, etc., from 40 per cent., as proposed by the committee, to 25 per cent, and providing for an ad valorem rate of 4o per cent, on spectacles, goggles, eye glasses and frames l'or the same instead of the compound ‘ rate provided in both the House and the Senate committee bills. Senator Proctor gave notice of amendments to the hide paragraph which would make it read as fallows: “Hides of cattle, raw or uncured, whether dry salted or pickled, W-i cents per pound - , provided that upon all leather exported made from imported hides, and on all imported green or green-salted calfskins weighing less than seventeen pounds, and on imported dry callskins weighing less than eight and one-half pounds which have been cured and fitted for foreign markets, there shall be allowed, when exported, a drawback equal to the amount of duty paid on such hides, to be paid under such regulations as the secretary of the treasury may prescribe, and provided that pickled, uncured, raw or green-salted skins weighing under seventeen pounds or dry skins weighing under eight and onehalf pounds shall be excepted from the provisions of this act.” .... . Senator Cannon, of Utah, to-day offered the following amendment: “And from and after sixty days from the passage of this act there shall be paid out of any moneys in the treasury not otherwise appropriated to any exporter of wheat or wheat flour, rye or rye flour, corn ground or onground, cotton hops or tobacco produced wholly in the United States and exported by sea from any port. In the United States to any port of any other country the following export bounty, by way of an equalization to agriculture of the benefits of this act to encourage the industries of the United States, to wit: Ten cents i>er bushel on wheat, 50 cents per barrel on wheat Hour, 10 cents per t.ushel on rye, 50 cents per barrel on rye flour, 5 cents per bushel on corn, 10 cents per cental on ground corn. 1 cent per pound on cotton, 2 cents per pound on hops, 2 cents per pound on tobacco. And all payments of bounty under this act shall be made upon negotiable vouchers, issued bv the collector of customs at the port of clearance, upon presentation at the treasury or any subtreaaury of the I nited States and the secretary of the treasury is hereby charged with making and enforcing such regulations as may be necessary for the full protection of the exporters and of the government, according to the true intent and meaning of this law.” This amendment is the result of a conference of silver Republicans, Populists and some Democrats, and may be said to represent the sentiments of the element in the Senate which puts silver above all other subjects of legislation. Senator Faulkner gave notice of an amendment reducing the duty on ale, poi - ter and beer not in bottles or jugs from 20 to 15 cents per gallon.

STORY OF A SAUSAGE SMOKER Damaging Evidence Against Lnetgert, the Alleged AVife Mnrderer. CHICAGO, May 25.—1n the Luetgert murder case Frank Schultz, a smoker in the sausage factory, testified to having assisted in preparing the solution in the vat where the rings alleged to belong to the missing woman were found. As he was removing the chemicals from the barrel Luetgert, the witness said, told him to be careful or he would burn himself. Some of the chemical in his hands became moist, and it burned him. The witness exhibited the scars of these burns. He said he had never before seen any such substance used in the factory. When water was put on it it turned brown. After the stuff had been put in the vat witness said Luetgert told him he need not bother any further with it, as he (Luetgert) and the watchman would take care of it. On the following Monday Mrs. Luetgert disappeared. Schultz scrubbed out the basement at Luetgert’s orders. After the closing of the factory witness said he built one small lire in the factory. When asked if he saw benes in the furnace he said no. On crossexamination witness said this was the first time he had ever been told to sweep and scrub the basement. ANTHONY COMSTOCK MAY SUE. Threatens to Proseeute Long Branch City for Injuries Received. LONG BRANCH, May 25.— Anthony Comstock, in a letter last night announced that he would bring suit for damages against the city of Ixmg Branch unless he is reimbursed for injuries received by falling into an excavation upon an unused street one night last summer. The accident occurred on Avenue B, an unquented thoroughfare, late at night in August last. Mr. Comstock came here on a visit. The last train for Asbury Park had gone when he reached the Central Station. He concluded to go by trolley. Being unacquainted with the city, he took an unused street and fell into a brook. He was badly used up by the fall. Mayor Blodgett and members of the commissioners refused to take any action on the letter. Obituary. LONDON. May 25.—John George Dodson, first Baron Monk-Bretton, Is dead. He was born in was for eight years deputy speaker of the House of Commons, and has held other offices, including president of the local government board and chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. OWENSBORO, Ky., May 25.—Dr. J. F. Kimbley, late surgeon general of Kentucky* died at midnight of apoplexy. He was surgeon of the Eleventh Kentucky Infantry, and for many years a Republican leader lu the Second Kentucky district.

STRUNG ON A LIVE WIRE GOVEIDOIt LREDY SHOCKED AT A TEMPERAN C E MEETING. “Roasted” by Ex-Senator Peflfer, -Mrs, Diggs and Other Kansans for Failure to Enforce the Lam. Correspondence of the Indianapolis Journal. TOPEKA, Kan., May 24.—A second mass meeting has been held in Topeka for the purpose of hearing the report of the “Committee of Fifteen” upon the plans for the enforcement of law. Governor Reedy, who was so greatly disappointed because a special invitation for the first meeting had not been conveyed to him on a silver platter, was present at this meeting and made a speech which he probably now wishes he had not made. Readers of the Journal have doubtless heard of the mysterious individual who at a funeral arose and said: “If no one cares to talk about the deceased, I will make a few remarks on the subtreasury.” Governor Reedy played the part of that gentleman to perfection the other evening at the mass temperance meeting. Instead of speaking on the subtreasury he devoted most of his time to railroads and railroad attorneys. At one time he approached near enough to the subject to denounce the State Temperance Union for the nonenforcement of the prohibition law, and to say: "I have appointed to be police commissioners in the various cities as good citizens as 1 could find that were willing to accept the position. I have not asked them their views on the temperance question because it was not my business to do so.” Ex-Senator Peffer, following, s;tid: “I didn’t bring a blanket with me, but if 1 had brought one it would not have been filled with cold water to throw over this meeting. 1 believe that if I were Governor of Kansas i wouid enforce the law and drive out these joints and saloons or leave enough wrecks in my path to show that 1 had been doing something. The Governor has sworn before Almighty God that he will enforce the law. is lie doing it? It seems to me if I were Governor of the State, instead of abusing the temperance people 1 would denounce the violators of law.” At this statement the great audience went wild with enthusiasm. Tne ex-senator, with his long, flowing beard, looked like a giant as he stood almost over the Governor and his billygoat whiskers. In conclusion Mr. Fetter said: "When he abuses us as being cranky about this law and then says he is as much a friend of this law as any other, 1 ask the Governor as he goes back and forth to Missouri and Texas, on liis peregrinations here and there, whether the burden of his song is not ‘railroad, railroad,’ raiiroad?’ Under the very shadow—l was going to say of the Statehouse flag, but 1 was ashamed when 1 looked at that flag the other day—under the very shadow of the dome of the Capitol complaints are heard that one particular law is violated day in and day out.” But Populist Fetter was not the only member of his party to go after the Governor. Mrs. Annie G. Diggs was present and talked as follows: “From the Governor we have heard to-night that the chief difficulty to which we owe the lack of enforcement of the law is with the State Temperance Union. The responsibility for the enforcement of this law rests, not with the State Temperance Union or any other organization, but with the officers whose sworn duty it is to enforce the law. Gov. Reedy and his police board are the persons who are responsible. If I were Governor and a man should ask me for a place on a police commission the first question would be: 'Are you in favor of the enforcement of law? Do you believe in the prohibitory law?’ Why do you suppose,” she exclaimed, turning to face the Governor, “that Governor Reedy would appoint a man as a member of the State Board of Railroad Commissioners who was not in favor of the maximum rates? The prohibitory law can be enforced by the Governor. All we .need is a Governor who desires to do it. He has the power. Governor Reedy could enforce the law if he were so inclined.” Remarks were made by Republicans, but the chief entertainment of the evening was the rich brown roast given the Governor by his Populistic supporters. It is reported that after his Excellency returned to consciousness he asked his private secretary where in the blazes he caught that live wire. The chances are that he will never again invite himself to a temperance meeting and make a calamity howl against the railroads instead of whisky. Topeka is making extended preparation for the second fall festival—old soldiers, civic orders and business men representing various enterprises will be invited to participate in the display and parades.

THE GYPSY MOTH. State of Massachusetts Spends $700,000 l ighting the Pest. BOSTON, May 25.—Massachusetts is at last, it seems, to be rid of the gypsy moth. The extermination is under way, and with vigilance, liberal appropriations and scientific methods it is believed that the end of the long battle is in sight. It is almost thirty years since Leopold Trouvelot, a French naturalist, brought the pest to this country for purposes of scientific experiment. Some of them escaped, and a hint of the harm they might do was recognized in 1870 by l’rof. C. V. Riley, who called attention to the rapid increase of the pest in New England. The real history of the gypsy moth and the battle for its extermination began in 1889. Hundreds of thousands appeared in localities where they had never been seen before and destroyed every green thing they touched. In 1890 the first gypsy moth commission was appointed by Governor Brackett. The first estimate of the infested district was a tract about a mile square, and $25,000 was appropriated. In May the commission reported that the district was sixteen times as large as it had supposed and received $25,000 more. Eighty-nine men were employed on the trees, and special police were appointed to patrol the roads and disinfect carriages, so that they would not spread the pest to other points. The matter was finally placed in the hands of the State Board of Agriculture in 1891, and laws were made governing the action of citizens in infested districts and $50,000 more was appropriated. This was followed in 1892 by an appropriation of 875,000. and up to the present time more than $700,000 has been spent, and only now is an impression being made on the pest. Boiler Explosion Vletlms. LEWISTOWN, Me.. May 25.—A dispatch from Lowelltown says that Caswell’s mills there blew up to-day. Four men were killed and several injured. The mill is a total wreck and the loss heavy. The dead are: F. W. Cushea, engineer, of Burlington, Vt.; Ernest Nicols Edger, of Ireland Pond, Vt.: Frederick Cheyerier, watchman. Maxwell. Ont.; King, laborer, St. Cecilie, Quebec. The foreman, Stephen Nichols, was severely injured, probably fatally. All the bodies wa re horribly mutilated. At Portland. Ore., Monday night A. B. Corasman, of the Multnomah Athletic Club, smashed the world's “cocked hat’’ howling record, making SO out of a possible 90. Spring storms first overturn those trees which are not well grounded Don’t let these enervating spring days find you poorly prepared to resist them. To have strong nerves, rich blood, good appetite and sound digestion is to be well grounded. Scott’s Emulsion of Cod-liver Oil with Hypophosphites will give all these, because it nourishes the whole system and reaches the very tissues of life. Better have the spring cough blow by you rather than stop with i for weeks or all summer 1 l For sale by all druggists at 50 cents anu fi.oo. SCOTT 4* UOWNii, Chemists, New York.

WONDER AND EXCITEMENT INCREASES! Munyon’s Doctors Performing Miracles in the Way of Curing Diseases Thought to Be INCURABLE Local Doctors Come to the Munyon Offices and Try to Solve What Seems to Them a Mystery. THEY CONCEDE That the Cure of Disease, as Made Under the Muuyon System, is Beyond Their Comprehension. TROUBLED Because They See That at the Rate the M in yon Doctors Are Curing Disease Taere Will Be Few Patients Left for Them to PRACTICE ON They Are Compeliei to Accniwledge That Muayau’s Rem,dies Are Beyond Anything Yet D.scovered as Re nedial Agents. Vanquished W hen They See of Their Ohii Eyes and Hear of Their Own Ears the Working' of the Uenelieial Munyon Plan, and Watch the Disoeuiiuutiou of Its Benefits. That is practically the story of Munyon's doctors, and Munyon’s plan as it affects the practice of medicine under the old system. The people are interested in that view of it because it means that henceforth the burdens of heavy doctor’s fees, with maximum of charge and minimum of benefit, have been lifted from their shoulders. They are interested because Munyon's doctors give new life to worn-out bodies, new elasticity to lagging steps, new activity and lite to paralyzed muscles, new rest to sensitive and upset nerves. That is the work which Munyon’s doctors are doing in this city. Is it any wonder that Munyon's offices are thronged from early morning until late at night? Improved from the First Done. Mr. J. E. Clarke, 462 South Illinois street, Indianapolis, Ind., says: ”1 had dyspepsia for years and was treated by some of the best physicians in the city, without obtaining relief. I was forced to lose a great deal of time from my work. I began using Munyon’s remedies a short time ago and never felt such a change in my life as I did after taking the first dose. I have not lost an hour's time on account of my health since I began using the Munyon remedies, and feel that my cure is complete.” Catarrh, Asthma, Deafness. The Munyon offices are thoroughly equipped for the treatment of every form of catarrh and deafness. Munyon’s special apparatus reaches all the diseased and sore spots, and effects a positive cure. There is no cutting,, no burning, no caustics; the treatment consists of mild and soothing lotions, which give relief from the lirst application, and of internal remedies, which act on the blood and nerves and thoroughly eradicate the disease. If you have catarrh or any throat or lung complaint call and receive a free trial treatment. MUNYON’S .57 REMEDIES Not "patent medicines” or “cure alls,” but separate cures for each disease. Tested by physicians and used in thousands of families all over the world. Known posi-„ tively to cure Rheumatism, Dyspepsia, Catarrh, Coughs and Colds. Kidney, Giverk and Bladder Troubles, Headaches, Piles, * Blood Diseases, Nervous Prostration, Female Complaints and many diseases usually given up as incurable. Sold by all druggists. Mostly 25 cents a vial. THE DOCTORS FOR THE PEOPLE. Eminent doctors at your service free. If you have Catarrh or any Throat or Rung Complaint, call and receive a free trial local treatment. We positively cure Catarrh. Personal letters answered with free medical advice for any disease. Open 9u. ni. to Bp. in. Sunday, lO to li£. MAJESTIC BUILDING Pennsylvania and Maryland Sts.

American Brewing Cos. The latest and most approved methods for brewingTHE PUREST and REST BEER are embodied in our brewing. Our Beer, brewed from HOPS and MALT only, will be ready for the market, MAY tin. Dealers and the general public are invited to try it. Telephone, - - - 935 NATIONAL r|f|L Tube Works vS||fjß Wrought-iron Pipe for Gas, If Steam and Water. ■SraY ' Holler Tubes, fast and Malle|E!tt,atilt* Iron KtUlngs(blac,i and galvanized), Vulves. Stop r cocks. Engine Trimming, SBfP% Hf Steam Gauges, Pip* Tongs. BO w pipe Cutters, Vises. Screw Jipj H it)' Plates auil Dies, Wrenches, |P| Steam Traps, Pumps, Kiteh- ‘ Wk WB en Sinks, Hose. Helling, hat) | NH MB I bit Metal. Solder. While and H Hr Colored Willing Waste, and M MWaj ah other Supplies used in BM Waß connection with Gas. steam wj and Water. Natural Gas ItSS ©A Supplies a specially. SteatuEw KS! healing Apparatus for Pub- ► 42 ® Uc buildings. Store-rooms, Mills,Shojis,Factories, l.aun--7 'j r , dries, Lumber Dry-Houses, etc. Out and Thread to or*, •ter any sUe Wrought-iron 1H Pipe, from W inch to 11 inches diameter. 1 KBIGHT JILLSOH, W V • Pennsylvania sl