Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 November 1896 — Page 12

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THE ".INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, : SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1896.

THE SUNDAY JOURNAL

SUNDAY. NOVEMBER 22, lSOu Wcshlnjton Oifice1410 Pennsylvania Aveaae Telephone Calls. Bu3lns office 223 Editorial room.. ..A S3 TCItSIS OF Sl'IlSCIUPTIOX. DAILY HY MAIL. Dally only, one month S .79 La:ly only, thrre months 2.W Ia'.ly cnly. one ,?ir n.00 Uaily. IncluJing Sunday, one year I'M) Sunday only, one year Z.vd WHEN FURNI.IIE1 BY AGENTS. Dally, per we-'k, by carrier 1j cts b'ueday. r IngL? cojy S cts Dally ar.d Sunday. pr week, by carrier 2J ct WEEKLY. Per year JLOO Reduced Rate to Clnhs. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or ad ubcrlitlons to the JOtRXAL, XCWSrAPER COMI'ASY, V ' Indianapolis, Iml. Person n-Ung the Journal through the mails la the Cmfl States should put on an elgnt-page laper,tOXK-CtNT postage stamp; on a. twelve cr chUt-en-pase pan-r a TWO-CENT postage stamp. Foreign postage Is usually double these rati i. All communications Intended for publication In this ppr murt. in order to receive attention, be ftct-t rr.ianled by the name and address of the writer. Till: IXDIAXAPOLIS JOIRNAL. Can Im found at the following places: NiiW YORK Windsor Hotel and Ator House. ClIICAGO-ralmer House nd P. O. News Co.. i17 Learborn ftreet. C1.NC1XXATIJ. IL Hawley & Co., l'A Vine treft. LOl 1.SVII LB C. T. Peering, northwert corner cf Third and Jefferson str. tta. ani LoulJvllle Dot k Co., ZZH Fourth avenue. ST. LOtTIS--UnIon News Company. Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C Rljrgs House. Ebbltt lloue, Willard's Hotel and the Washington .News Exftianxe. Fourteenth street. between I'er.n. avenue and F street. Sixteen Pages The friends of Governor Matthews need not Ihj alarmed. James A. Mount will appear at the Governor's office the very tour he Is due. The Islands of the South raclflc ocean eeem to have become a news center. Be tween the killing and eating of white adventurers by cannibals and the demand of dark-skinned women for white husbands matters there are getting lively. A writer In Harper's Magazine brings out the fact that Mt. Vernon was named for a iijuuoit xaiiii4u iiusc ivuccr in unci 111c Fortunately, Mt. Vernon U sacred to the Nation because of Washington rather than Its name. It appears that Cardinal Satolil denies all of the reports to the effect that he is hostile to the policy of Cardinal Gibbons and Archbishop Ireland. It further appears that he had not heard of these reports until they had been published for weeks, showing that f the. Cardinal does not read American papers as faithfully as Is for his Interest. . During the ten months of the present year, which ended Oct. 21, the excess of our exports over Imports was J233.030.572. As the bulk of our exports are the products of the farm, it Is evident that agriculture has been the means ot bringing into the country the larger part of the vast amount of pld necessary to pay for Its products. The Hindoo savant who has been telling cs that there are learned men In a remote section of India who can tell us more of the Christ than we could learn otherwise should be Informed, that the millions of people in this same India need, more than any other people In the world, an inspiring faith to raise them out of their degradation. Chicago papers are pointing to the largely Increased vote In that city over that of two years ago as sure evidence of a great gain o population. If such Is the case, then Indiana, whose aggregate vote shows a percentage of Increase nearly as large as that of Chicago, has been keeping pace with the metropolis of the "West In the growth of population. A Chicago man who Is closely identified with the projected American-Chinese railway between Peking and Canton, and who Las Just returned from China, says the railway will certainly be built, and with American money and largely with American material lie says, further, that American citizens are bound to excel in the struggle of the nations for trade supremacy in the Orient. A dispatch from Greensboro, N. C, says that since the election every cotton mill in the State has resumed operations, some cf them on double time, and there are be'tween fifteen and twenty new mills in course of construction in the two Carollna:. At the present rate of progress It will not bo many years till the principal seat of tho cotton manufacturing industry will be in the South. A rumor is current in Berlin that will intcr.sify tho l(l feeling engendered by the recent killing of a civilian by an officer who imagined ho had been insulted. The. rumor Is that the Empercr, In conversation with certain officers recently, said: "Keep to your casinos while drinking and never move among civilians in a semi-tipsy condition. Avoid rows, but if you are forced to use your weapons, do it thoroughly." That founds so much like, tho Emperor that many persons will believe he said it. An exchange finds fault because there are farmers v.ko desire to have some of tho elements of ngrlculture taught In the public schools, and it goes on to say that "the best treatises cn agriculture arc the shovel and the noe." The shovel and the hoe art not extensively used In tho agriculture of to-day, consequently the editor who objects to the teaching of the elements of a jricullural chemistry In tho public school must have known of the farming of the past. .- Among the many kinds of Insurance, as fire, life, accident, cyclone, Insurance against dishonesty, etc.. It Is a little surprising that no company has been formed to Insure merchants against bad debts. Under a widely extendeu credit system there is inevitably some loss by bud debts, and sometimes the loss Is sufficient to wipe away profits and even Impair capital. A company that would lnsuro against such losses, or. say, against W per cent, of the loss, would minimize the disasters resulting from that saurce and tend to equalize the profits as well as the losses of business. A current item says that Gen. II. II. Carrington. formerly of this city, and now of Boston, In a letter recently published ealls attention to the fact that in an appeal to tho peoplo of Ohio, printed in a Cincinnati paper on June 6. 1SC2. he said: 'This Is a war of the people, by the people and for tho people, and It will succeed." lie suggests that the sentiment was Indorsed by hUa authority on a later occasion, refer-

ring, of course, to Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg speech. General' Carrington evidently Intends to Imply that he was the author of the phrase used by Lincoln, who said: "This Nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." One must look further back than General Carrington for the origin of the phrase. Daniel Webster, In a speech In the Senate in 1S20, spoke of "the people's government, made for the people, made by the people and answerable to the people." Disraeli makes a character in one of his novel say: "From the people and for the people all springs and all must exist." The Idea is obvious enough, and may have been used by others. Certainly it did not originate with General Carrington. Its immortality is owing to the apt phraseology and Incomparable framing which Lincoln gave it, though It is not likely he ever saw it In print before he used it. SPASMODIC ATTACKS OX SIX.

At the risk of displeasing estimable ladles engaged in organized reform work the Journal feels Impelled to express its disapproval of the slum crusade indulged In by the W. C. T. U. sisters in St. Louis last week. This. organization, while holding a convention there, celebrated the occasion by Invading the tough portion of the city at night and preaching and praying to the men and women found in the evil resorts which they entered unceremoniously. Every disreputable house In the worst district was visited, and tho Inmates exhorted to abandon their Immoral courses and lead good lives. While one party of the W. C. T. U. members was engaged with the fallen women another party scoured the "Tenderloin" district. Dope alley and other delectable regions where saloons abound, swooped down on these "Joints" in resistless fashion and tumultously urged the men they met to reform. It is reported that saloon keepers and depraved women wept profusely during these visitations, and it seems likely that they might have done, so, but it 13 a question v. ith observant spectators of such episodes whether the visitors did not lose more than the sinners gained In the two nights devoted to the crusade. ' Such spasmodic onslaughts on sin seldom have permanent results; It is the testimony of missionaries who have labored long and faithfully among the degraded inmates of low resorts that they are emotional and excitable as a class, eagerly seeking new sensations and finding temporary entertainment in a lively religious exhortation, shedding tears readily in response, and as quickly.fcrgettlng them and their cause. A crusado of, the kind described is a diversion to them, as it is in another sense to the women who carry It on. With no Intention to belittle the good done by women's reform organizations, the fact nevertheless rejnaln3 that the excitement con-' nected with the work is one of the elements of Its fascination. The W. C. T. U. has, no doubt, done much good in the way of keeping alive the sentiment in favor of temperate living, . but when women who teach temperance make midnight raids on all sorts of "dives" as a culmination of their week's convention work they are not living up to their teachings. It is not a temperato proceeding, but is an emotional orgy; the man who fills himself up with bad whisky and makes a night of It Is not Indulging in more of a revel so far as the effect on his nervous system, is concerned. It is not reform" work, it is dissipation, and the W. c. T. U. does not establish itself more firmly in public confidence by engaging in such undertakings. The women who take up their abode in the slums of great cities, and by quhsl example and tactful precept seek to bring their neighbors to right living, are not more earnest in welldoing than the spasmodic sisters, perhaps, but the good results are Infinitely greater. A XEW RELIGIOX. The addresses at the sessions of the congress of religions in this city the past week were generally of a character to lead an outsider to infer that the object of the congress Is to create'what may be called a new reiigion, upon the assumption that the Hebrew, the Buddhist and the Christian religions have, in some measure, failed to meet the requirements of mankind. Those who participated In the exercises claim, or at some time have claimed, to be Hebrews, Buddhists and Christians, but on this occasion each, out of regard for the others, was very careful not to allude to.the beliefs which are essential features, and which have made them followers of the one. or the other. If either of the three were the gainers by this extreme courtesy, they were the Hebrews, since prayer was offered "to a God whom that sect mlght.clalm .to.be nearer its conception of a supreme being than any other. The 'majority of those present have at times acknowledged Christ as their leader, but on this occasion. Judging from so much of the addresses as were printed In the papers, they Ignored Ills name by silence as much as did Peter by liis vehemence. The only avowed approval of Jesus Christ, by name, as a teacher, was made by a Buddhist, and this was done In a manner which made it appear something of an act of courtesy to those who had so considerately ignored that name. Liberal Christianity has done a great work in the past fifty years. It has softened the asperities of the old creeds to an extent that very few able and progressive men any longer preach them, or if they do the form is modified. The preaching In the evangelical churches, in the cities at least, is very different from the preaching of one hundred or even fifty years ago. The creeds are very much the same, but either opinions have been modified or else it is net deemed wise to proclaim them. But the Influence which liberal Christianity has exerted U due to the fact that those who hav proclaimed It, for the most part, have Insisted that their Christianity contained more of the spirit of Christ than did that of the so-called orthodox creeds. But this seems to be a new departure a conclusion that what Js called religion can be 'more potential by ceasing to hold up Christ as tho center and inspiration of a religious faith which for centuries has been the most potent Influence in promoting civilization. If this is not tho case tho sincere men and women who held the conference in this city the past week did not make their purpose so clear that those who run may read, which must be done in regard to religion. Of the three religions, the Hebrew, the Buddhist and tho Christian, the latter is the one which has proved a potent power in the civilization and the upbuilding of the race. Each contains a system of ethics ar.d each hag had men of rare power, but tho Christian religion seems to have, been th? only faith which has impressed Itself upon tho world as it Is to-day. The faith of the Hebrew has been confined to a 'race. The teaching of the Buddhist. lofty as It is, has not lifted to a higher civilization the mass of people where it has been taught for centuries. The masses of India have continued

an inferior people in the land where Buddhism has been preached. The spread of the Christian religion has kept pace with all human progress nearly two thousand years. It Is the reiigion of the potential nations of the earth to-day. The name of Christ Is that of a leader and teacher to more Intelligent and humane people than all other religious teachers. The clearer and more intelligent the conception of his character and his teachings, the higher is that people in the scale of civilization not the few, but the masses. Christ's is the religion which presents evidence of Its vital power. Has It outlived lt3 usefulness that it should no longer be preached? VAGL'E TALK OF DISCOXTEXT.

In an address before the farmers' convention General Harrison said that there were wrongs to be righted, but at the same time he advised his hearers to ascertain what the particular wrong is before making an attack, lest they should waste their ammunition by firing In the air. This caution Is recalled by several articles, printed since the election, in papers which did not support Mr. Bryan. One of them tells Its readers that the reason why. certain States voted as they did Is tho general discontent of the people with existing conditions. Many people, this paper says, feel that they do not g?t what they believe belongs to them. It. fails, however, to specify, and consequently Its demand that something be done can be of no account. There Is discontent in some sections, because discontent has been preached In some States for years. Then, there Is a natural feeling of discontent because It is a trait of. human nature to desire more than one has or can get. There will always be discontent. It is well that there shall be, because the contented are satisfied with what they have, and when such a feeling prevails to a large extent no progress can be made. In this country, where there is an open field for all, and where more peoplo strive for better or more desirable conditions than elsewhere, the discontent must be much greater because of failure. It would be well for some of these Intelligent people to set forth a few of the causesf discontent that they may be considered with a view of applying a remedy. Doubtless there is a remedy for some causes, while for others there cannot be. If the cause of discontent is that such prices are not obtained for staple products as are desired, a remedy may be found in efforts to secure wider markets or to limit production; but tho law of demand and supply can neither be modified nor repealed to make people content If tho cause of discontent is due to a belief that the same effort does not secure the same degree of benefit as it has at other times, the first thing to do Is to ascertain If this belief has any foundation in fact, which can be ascertained by an investigation. In passing, it may be said that investigations do not. In ordinary times, warrant such an opinion. It is too much to expect that the spirit of unrest shall be settled. It could not be done, and it would be unwise to attempt it. So long as there are things which men do not havo and desire they will strive for them, and this striving and falling constitute unrest and discontent. There are remedies for some evils which can be discovered In time, but not until the evil shall be fully deflned. On the other hand, ther& Is" discontent for which there is no remedy because it has no basis in reason. It would, therefore, be better for those who are -talking of an indefinite discontent - to turn their efforts to ascertaining its causes. Otherwise they are in danger cf firing in the air. UNIVERSITY EXTENSION. The proceedings of the University Extension Conferenco here during the past' week, though of general Import and application, served well as an Introduction to the season's local work. The alms and methods of this modern educational movement were so clearly and forcibly set forth by the speakers at the various sessions that Its extent and importance must have been impressed upon the attention of many who have heretofore shown but a languid Interest In the undertaking. The public has been slow to comprehend that university extension is simply a carrying of the college to the people who cannot go to the college, and that by tho "people" Is meant, not alone young men and women of "school age," but all of whatever years who desire to take advantage of university facilities and to .keep pace with the Intellectual development of the period. The formation within recent years of innumerable literary clubrt, so-called, shows the prevalence of the belief that education should bo a continuous process through yllfe, but that the education may bo undertaken in a systematic and formal way by any who will,' and that the lectures of one year are not sporadic, disconnected courses, but part of . a great plan, are Ideas but slowly comprehended. The conference, however, must have done much to make the truth plain and to Increase the Interest In the local programme. Indianapolis is fortunate in again securing the services of Professor Richard G. Moulton, who opens the term on Tuesday evening with the first of a course of lectures on Shakspeare's tragedies. Mr. Moulton came from England with an established reputation as a university extension lecturer, and since his connection with the Chicago University as professor of literature has become so well known In the samo field of labor that he is sought for by all who arrange an extension course. He has recently attracted attention in literary and religious circles by his literary interpretations of the Bible, which, as a student and scholarof wide learning, he is well qualified to give. But with all his learning, probably because of It, his lectures have the peculiar charm of not being pedantic, but of bringing but the beauty of masterpieces of literature In a way that gives them new value even to those who are also students. This Is partly owing to his sympathetic insight which gives him enthusiasm for his subject, and partly to a remarkable gift for dramatic expression. It Is said of him that he makes people think, and this Is surely tho most desirable acquirement a teacher of any ranse can have. Under his leadership the Indianapolis extension work opens most auspiciously. I Those who attributo to the foreign-born voter most of the ills of this country cantiot. If they were for sound money, find evidence to sustain their opinion in tho late election. The proportion of foreign-born to native population by the last census was, in round numbers, 15 to 85. The States which have the largest foreign-born element gave the largest McKInley pluralities. New Hampshire, where McKlnley's plurality was ten times the ordinary. Republican plurality, had a population In 1S90 of which 19.21 per cent, was foreignborn. In Massachusetts, where the McKInley plurality was greater than the Bryan vote. 29.35 per cent, of the population U foreign-born. In Rhode Island the for

eign-born are 30.77 prcent.; In Connecticut. 21.60; In New York. 2S.19; in New Jersey. 2.77; in Pennsylvania, 16.03; in Illinois, 22.01: in Michigan, 25.97 in Wisconsin, 30. 7S; In Minnesota, 35.50; In Iowa, 16.95; In North Dakota, 4I.5S per cent. Thus it appears that the States which gave the most emphatic McKInley . pluralities contain byfar the largest proportion of foreign-born population in tho country. On the other hand, tho States in which the American stock has been least affected by immigration, like Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas and Missouri," gave the largest pluralities for Bryan. These facts afford rbofor reflection which may lead natives who have claimed superiority not to make such claims as loudly as they have in the past. The Dairy and Food Commission In Michigan, which is looking after the purity of the food which the people of that State eat, has Just reported that thirty-five out of fifty-nine articles testMjrere pure and free from adulteration. Ofthe other twentyfour articles some contained only the very least lnnutritlous matter and sometimes substances Injurious to health. The adulterated articles are confined to ground coffee, cream pf tartar, molasses and mustard. . With - the exception of coffee and molasses, no other article, properly speaking, which was adulterated could be used as food, but rather In the preparation of food. The adulterants of molasses were glucose and corn syrup, which are probably harmless. This report, liko others which have been made recently, would indicate that the charges of very general food adulteration are wlfrVdut foundation. It has been demonstrated that Spain cannot hold Cuba, ;and "cannbt give it stable government, even if it shall be ablo to put down the present insurrection. This being the case, t$e questio'n for the United States to decide fs whether it will interfere to secure to the Island a stable and friendly government, orleave Spain;, already bankrupt, to sell the island to some European power. Even ir'a. regard for the Cubans, for their heroic struggle fpr independence from a rule which Jias always been arbitrary and hostile to the Interests of the island, did not 13ad this government to interfere in its 'l&half self-interest should suggest that veput an end to the contention. ----- If the Kansas Legislature should do so idiotic a thing as to malCb Mexican silver dollars a legal tender Irtthat State Congress can easily nullify tfce act. The Constitution says tlyit "no state shall make anything but gold andvsflver coin a legal tender in payment of debts," but it also says "Congress shall, havo power to regulate the value Ct foreign coin." If the Kansas Legislature thoijid make Mexican silver dollars lejir tenter In that State, Congress couidras.ri'act fixing their valuo at 50 cents, nfl- thit .would settle It. The Constitutionof thejunlted States is not so easy to circumvent as some people think. . '' People who go to Italy and to southern California are peoplowith leisure to observe the natural phenomena surrounding them in those places. Hence It Is that we hear so much of the blue ialian skies and of California's glorious climate. In Indiana, this fail we have had weather not to be excelled by that ofl the PuJcific coast and skies than which none can ibe found the wide world over blutfKor juora beautiful.. Yet we hear little of tlie'tfelshtf'uf days which have lingered with us so long and are but slowly advancing into winter". - The reason is not lack of power to appreciate, but an absorption in other concerns that leaves r.o time for the enjoyment of autumn's charm. Even tho wheelmen, lrl tVie soft Indian summer just now merged;llnto rain, had no

thought, seemingly buj' for the condition of tho roads and cf heir. tires. Doubtless the most careless" am'o'jig us have unconsciously felt 'somd'of tht charm' of an unusually beautiful ( rjeasnjew have profited by It to the utmost. Jim - t-: rrr There is troubIt, inplen, Cove, Long island, because at.vv rpcyytion to introduce the school teachers tq;thq public only those were Invited whq wqre,j known to possess the ordinary spiketail, coat, usually known as the dress coat Those in charge of the affair who turned it Infea dancing party, deny the charge, but' fieclare that only those who were known to possess the regulation uniform of the lietel waiter were present or even Invitetl. If the practice of Glen Cove, Long hilaVid, should become the law of socUty, Ht Would come about that any person Jwhd'cdlkl purchase such a suit could con?ider nirifeelf a member of the best society.'1 -This wiJbld exclude those who rent such 'clotlhng ut a rather exorbitant figure for an occasional appearance in society. Furthermore, should the Glen Cove, Long Island, distinction become a precedent, the society blue-book should contain a list of the gentlemen In a community who can prove proprietorship to a spiketail coat, j Thousands of y criminals have been convicted on the evidence of footprints and some by hand marks, but Tittsburg furnishes the first" case of one convicted by the marks of his teeth. A horse was entered in that city a few nights ago and the burglar varied his orajons by taking a bite out of a piece of 'iufokin pie, leaving it partially consumedjTTo police made a measurement andthe pleco was carefully preserved on. ice while they hunted for the man who blt It. ;lle was Jlnally found, and on' a preliminary examination his teeth were found to fit the marks In the pie so exactly that he was held' for trial. Proba bly he would ratber havp been bound over to Keep uio piece., . , The unanimity with which the Philadelphia newspapers, regardless of party, support Mr. WanamnkerVs candidacy for the senatorshlp is. truly beautiful. Mr. Wanamaker is a good man. ,IIe is also a good advertiser. SCIENTIFIC. Experiments by two French chemists showed lately that the same person digested 95.8 per cent, of brdinary butter and iS of cocoa butter, the latter giving less disturbance in excess. Portable electric lamps, fed by accumlators, the total weight of each set being 4 pounds, are now usid In the collieries at Sekul, Hungary. The lamp gives to 2 candle power for ten hours. Experiments are being made In European countries with alcohoj for lighting purposes. The flame of alcohol in scarcely visible, but incandescent burners make; It possible to get brilliant light from anytsource of sufficient heat. ' Dormann, a German experimenter, asserts that dry p!ates In a holder were exposed to the sun without effect, while the rays of the moon during a night caused the plates to bo comp.ctely blackened. Thee rays, unlike X rays, pass through metal, the only tested material that was opaque to them being masonry. A lion-faced boy recently exhibited In Berlin. Stephen Fedlmayer, has the face entirely covered with blonde hair, with the exception of the eyelids and red portions of the lips, and the hrJr Is very thick on his back. The boy ii well developed and Intelligent, speaking German and Polish. He was born in the government of Warsaw. The useful, effect obtained from the energ)' of fuel. fn different motors is thus stated by Koertlng, a Hanover engineer: Steam engines of ten. fifty and lOO-hor&e

power, 2.2. 4.6 and 6.9 per cent., respectively; illuminating gas motors of the same capacities, 9.1, 9.9 and 10.9 per cent.; producer gas motors. 7.3. 10.2 and 12.9 per cent. Cheapness of installation and economy of space an claimed as further advantages of the gas engine plant. High civilization does not seem to favor extreme length of life. A German statistician finds that the German empire has but 7S subjects over 100 years of age, France 213. England 14G. Ireland 57$, Scotland 4. Denmark 2. Belgium 5. Sweden 10. Norway 21. Switzerland none, Spain 410, Servia 575. Itoumania 1.0S4. Bulgaria 3.SS3. The last named country has a centenarian for every thousand inhabitants. The oldest man in the world is believed to bo Bruno Co rim. a negro of Rio Janeiro, whose age ia 150. A Moscow cabman is in his 140th year, and Servia in 1S90 had three Inhabitants between 135 and 140, with eighteen between 125 and 135. So sensitive Is the humnm organism to conditions cf heat, cold and moisture that it has been recognized as unsafe to attempt certain tasks such as' those requiring accurate mathematical calculations when these conditions are unfavorable. The Influence of atmospheric variations on the attention of school children has just been a subject of investigation by Dr. M. C. Schuyten. From observations In four different schools in Belgium he finds that the attention of children varies inversely with the temperature of the air. being greater in winter than in summer: that it is greater in the higher than in the lower classes;

that it is higher among girls than boys.'f tho difference being greatest in winter, and that it decreases from the beginning to the close of each half day, being greatest In the morning. The usual theory of photographic development, according to a communication by Mr. Edwin Banks to the London and Provincial Photographic Association, is that tho unoxldlzed hydrogen of the pyrogalUc acid to cite one of the best-known developersbrings out the image by combining with the bromine displaced from the sensitive bromide of silver by the action of light. Mr. Banks finds evidence, however, that the atoms of bromino and silver are rearranged by the light without decomposition or liberation of bromine. He contends that development Is due to tho setting up of a weak electric current, which decomposes some of the water of the developing solution, the liberated oxygen of which combines with the hydrogen of the pyro, the liberated hydrogen of the water not of the pyro reducing the light-struck bromide of silver by combining with the bromine. He had developed images with plain water, the film being on a copper plate and placed in the water with a zinc plate. Just what part the ocean may play in International bimetallism cannot yet be guessed, but Professor Llversidge'a estimate that the sea may contain more than 100,000,000,000 tons of gold tills calculation being based on experiments showing from one-half to ono grain of gold per ton of sea water off New South Wales will doubtless lead to numerous schemes for putting into commercial circulation a part of Neptune's reserve. An English writer suggests sea mining with an old Iron ship. The vessel should be floated by two air-tight compartments, the hold should be cleared and asphalted, an inlet and an outlet should be provided and a twenty horse-power engine working a paddle wheel should drive through the hold from 10.010 to 100,000 tons of water every twenty-four hours. The gaa from sulphur burned In a small porcelain furnace should be blown into the water as it enters the ship. Sulphurous acid reduces gold from Its solutions, and in the large hold the reduced metal would have time to settle. The chief working expense would be for crude sulphur, of which the consumption need not be very large. It is proposed that such a vessel be anchored in some sheltered strait and docked once a year to recover the gold from the hold, x The fruit of the service berry, the wellknown decorative shrub that retains Its bright, red berries even in midwinter, was the source of a sort of scientific puzzle about half a century ago, says Cosmos.In 1S52 Pelouze discovered in standing Juice cf service berries a sugary, 'perfectly crystallzed substance having the properties of glucose. The new sugar was named sorbine or sorbose. There was nothing astonishing about the discovery, but when ether scientists desired to make some sorbose the puzzling thing happened the product absolutely refused to appear. The mystery ha3 now been cleared up by M. Bertrand. a Parisian chemist. Repeatedly exposing crushed service berries to the air, he obtained the usual alcoholic fermentation, followed by the growth of a whitish layer on the surface of the liquid, but there was no trace of sorbose. At- last a little red vinegar fly was observed to alight on the surface layer. A remarkable transformation followed, the membrane becoming thickened and filled with larvae, while an abundance of sorbose soon appeared in the liquid below. The work was that of microbes less than one forty-thousandths of an inch in length. These microbes had been brought by the little red fly. had made the membrane thick and heavy by thelrrapidly-in-creasing numbers and by their oxidizing influence had transformed the berry juice into the new kind of glucose. BL BULKS IX TUB AIH. Revised Edition. Truth crushed to earth will rise again. When comes the proper Juncture, While error, wounded, writhes in pain, And can't repair her puncture. A Life of Reverses. "Your life has been one of many reverses," said tho kind lady. "Yes'm," answered Dismal Dawson, " 'Bout every place I turn up I git turned down." Suggestive. "You say you didn't liko the burlesque?" "No. There wero too many suggestive lines in it to suit me." "Eh?" "They suggested living skeletons, X-ray pictures and all that sort of thing." Making; Him Explain. "What do you mean by saying that her dress looked so 'essentially feminine?' " asked the wife of the man who Is fond of vague phrases. "I guess I meant they were not 'rational, " he answered, in some Irritation. LITERARY XOTES. Mr. Howells's new novel, "The Ragged Lady," is to appear in Harper's Bazar, and his novelette. "A Pair of Patient Lovers," in Harper's Magazine. Mr. S. L. Ollif, manager of the Phoenix puKUch'nff fnmnanv T.nndnn la to brinir cut "Tho Woman's Bible" in England. The second part 01 tne dook is in preparation. "Rodney Stone" is tho title of Conan Doylo's new novel, to be put out by the Appletons. George Prince of Wales and Beau Brummel are characters in the book. The Tatler Is authority for the 'ttate ment that Miss Jeannetto Gilder; editor of the Critic, is about to establish a monthly magazine similar to the Critic in character. The latter paper will not be discontinued. Mr. James Bryce's "Impressions of South Africa" will soon bo published by the Century Company. Readers who have supposed that this work would contain only the papers already published In the magazine will be glad to know that eight new chapters have been added. ' ' The latest sensation in the literary world Is the appearance of a dally paper, The Tatler, devoted . to chronicling gossip about books and authors, notices and criticisms of books, and certain original essavs. The making and publishing of this little paper, which is typographically admirable, show much Ingenuity and energy. What promises to be one of the most in teresting books of the present publishing season in London is Field Marshal Liord Tinhrrts'H reminiscences of fortv-one vcars of military life in India, from "Subaltern to Commander-tn-cniei. ine worn, wnicn Vioa k...h fnr mmv months in nrenaratlnn. will be published during the next few weeks. The library of the lato William Morris will be sold by his excutors. Though not large, It Is very valuable, abounding: In illuminated manuscripts, mediaeval missals nrui psalters and the earliest printed wood cut books. Morris bought book for their ttauty as well as tneir raruy. ine collection r.-tiiv belongs in the British Museum. but It is not likely that it will bo saved from tr.3 public auction room. Nora Hopper is an Irish woman of some years of cxperienco who has rather recently come Into a larger popularity than was !t firvit hr nnrtlnn. Her themes are drawn from the folk lore and fairy lore of her native land, ana wnetner sne puts mem ntn xat-A am i n Viet lntnt vnlumc c.'i i "Under Quicken Boughs." or elaborate them In such tales as appeared In her

"Ballads in Prose" about two years ago.

she keeps their eerie tone true to the wild beauty of Irish dreams and legend. The Messrs. Scribner announce two vol umes of poetryt one by the late II. C. Bunner, which will contain "Airs from Arcady," "Rowen" and the poems printed since the publication of those books; the other a new volume by Miss Edith Thomas, called "A Winter Swallow." The poem that gives the book its name is a long one, telling in dramatic form the story of Clembrotus and Chelonls. Cosmographers will be Interested In an article which appears In the November Angelus Magazine, the Catholic midmonthly, on "The Second Borglan Map," through the center of which Pope Alexan der VI drew his arbitrator'3 line in the six teenth century, thus dividing the world In to halves. A plate of the map appears as an Insert, the half-tone engraving oemg over twelve inches long. Before the time of Louis XIII, none of the Popes would permit this famous chart or the world to be copied. It was executed on a bull's hide at Seville in 15iC, by Diego Ribero, who served with a son of Columbus, on tne commission, appointed at that time to straighten out the confusion in the world's geography. The original Is In the Propa ganda Museum at Rome, where it was deposited by CharlesV, of Spain. Hamerton's fragment of autobiography. with a memoir filling out the record of his life, has been published by the Roberts Brothers. It Is a portly octavo of nearly six hundred pages. The New York Tribune says: "A biography of Hamerton has been needed. Nevertheless, the mountain of this kind of literature which is produced every season Is getting to be more and more appalling. There are new novels by the thousand, there are new histories, new all sorts of books. But the new 'recollections,' either by the man himself, or his relatives, or his friends, or those who 'knew him out number all the rest. Some of the books are worth while. The number of those that are Impertinent, superfluous, worthless, a dozen other obnoxious things. It would bo painful to state. To name them would be even more painful. For so often they are In celebration of the most estimable people. estimable and dull to the point of stupe faction. When will discretion iake hold or the memorist?" ABOUT PEOPLE AXD THINGS. Professor Koch, who Is on his way to Cape Town, intends to study not only the rinderpest, but also the different local forms of leprosy, in which he has been taking great interest for some years. A writer In the Windsor Magazine says that "even Mr. Gladstone, that greatest of all sticklers for official reticence, held that a Cabinet minister might impart secrets to his wife and his private secretary." Mrs. Phoebe J. Clymer, of San Francisco, who has been totally blind for thirty-six years, last week recovered her sight. Her. family believes that this was a divine dispensation granted to them in response to constant prayers. Much amusement has been occasioned In Scotland by the refusal of Cluny Macpherson to appear in kllus at the gathering of his clan in Glasgow. The excuse of the degenerate descendant of hardy Scots was that he "was afraid of catching cold." An English writer says that "Mr. Chamberlain holds fast to the soothing belief that when a man has walked upstn's to bed he has made as much demant his physical energies as is good for h. ad that exercise was Invented by the irs In order to bring grist to their mill Probably the highest priced stock In the world is that of the London Water Company the New River Company one. share of which was recently sold at auction for $025,000. At this price it yields a revenue of 2 1-6 per cent. Shares' In the company were once to be purchased at less than 51,500. Now they are usually disposed of in twentieths or even hundredths. It pays to go near the north pole. Apart from what the Chronicle paid him, Nansen received $50,000 from the London publisher. Constable, for his forthcoming book; from Brockhaus. of Leipsic. he receives t23,000 for the German rights, and from a Christiana publisher the same sum for Scandinavia. The book will have about 250 illustrations, and preparations are under way for its translation into a dozen languages. The Austrian Archduke John, who became a sea captain, adopting the name of John Orth, and is supposed to have been lost at sea several years ago, left 1,000,000 francs on deposit in a bank In Freiburg and another miliion in St Gall, Switzerland. The relatives of his wife, who dis-v appeared at the same time, have now put in a claim for the money. Frau Orth was a Viennese woman named Stubel. Major Edward Schofield, the Governorelect of Wisconsin, is the son of a Pennsylvania farmer. At the age of fourteen he became a printer's "devil" In a country newspaper ohice. later becoming a typesetter. He served through the war with great gallantry, coming out as a major. At the close of the war he went into the lumber business, and Is now one of the most successful lumbermen in northern Wisconsin. A benefactor who insists that his name shall not be revealed has offered to build and equip for the Elliot Hospital, at Manchester, N. H., an operating building of the most approved sort. The money required has been placed In bank, subject to the order of Dr. George D. Towne, and the only condition made by the donor is that all details of construction and equipment shall be controlled by Dr. Towne. Tho trustees of the hospital have accepted the generous gift, and work on the new structure will begin at once. It is said that while Lord Burton was recently traveling in Scotland a fellow-passenger engaged him in conversation on the subject of brewing. Finding him well posted on the subject, the stranger observed: "Look here, my friend, you seem to know a good deal about brewing. I am a brewer down Brighton way. I want an active and promising man to act as manager under me and to push the business. I have no family, and if he does well there is a partnership ahead in the future. Now, is that a good offer?" "An excellent one," replied Lord Burton, "and I am only sorry that I cannot avail myself of it. The fact Is that my name is Bass. I have a little brewery of my own down Burton way which demands all my attention." 'Tls not the man whose feet are large Who makes the swiftest sprinter; 'Tis not the girl-with temper hot Who best endures the winter. 'Tis not the hen that cackles loud Which makes the steadiest layer; 'Tis not the biggest head of hair That makes the football player. Washington Star. SHREDS AXD PATCHES. Variety Is tho spice of life, but It Isn't much good In a poker hand. Puck. Before Jesus told any man to love his neighbor as himself he showed him how. Barn's Hern. If you can make another man believe that you know more than he does you are a genius. Puck. A mother wouldn't steal her own child, but we often see her kid napping. Philadelphia Record. Everyone complains of the badness of his memory, but nobody of his Judgment. La Rochefoucauld. That Christmas Is approaching with hasty foot is seen already in the stocking of the stores. Philadelphia Times. A woman will walk by a dead do? In the street with tears In her eyes and three stuffed wrens on her hat. New York Press. "There's one great drawback to a flat." "What's that?" "You have no attic to put things you don't want In." Chicago Record. Just because you see a man doing something foolish now you can't be sure that he is paying an election bet. Boston Globe. An exchange announces on the death of a lady that "she lived fifty years with her husband, and died in confident hope of a better life." Texas Sifter. Somehow we never feel that we would like to pursue an acquaintance with the girl after we have heard her use tne word "erstwhile." Atchison Globe. There Is a great Joke on an Atchison preacher. His wife put a counterfeit quarter In tho collection basket Ksterday with. out knowing it. Atchison Globe. "I may not be very wealthy, but I can afford my own carriage and pair," said the fond father, as he wheeled his twlna along the sidewalk. Yale Record. It is said by astronomers that tho Inhabitants of Mars ure very much like our own folks. This accounts for the beautiful red with which somebody has painted th planet. Boston Transcript. Xlce Island. Washington Post. "The island of Jamaica is ono of the most fertile spots on the jciob." aaid Rav. Wil

liam Slmrrs, an English minister, who ha resided at Kingston for the past twenty year. "It has a pleasant and saiubrloui climate, and the weather doesn't get no intolerably hot as it does In th summer season in the United States. The bulk of the population 13 of the negro race, and negroes perform nearly all of the manual labor of the Island. Nearly all of them own their own homes. "All tropical fruits are raised In abundance, and the revenue from their export Js considerable. The 'Blue Mountain' coffee of Jamaica is said to be tho finest In the world, and commands a fancy price Jn Europe. After the disaster to the orange crop In Florida two winters ago a good many people who were among the sufferers there came to Jamaica to engage in growing that fruit, and all of them have fine prospects of repairing their former losses. "The greatest Improvement of recent times In Jamaica is the building of a line of railway to the coast by an American company, which will give the planters easy transit for their products. Kingston, which has a population of about M.000. has one of tho finest harbors in the world." HOW OLD IS M AGAR At " This In n. Question Asked ly Sclentlfle Men-The Estimates. -' Knowledge. 1 ' The Niagara liver, which had first been a strait Joining Lake Erie to the Ontarian gulf, gradually became a wide, shallow, rapid stream, and then, as tho vaters of the lower lakes subsided, its bed narrowed and its fall increased to 420 feet. But the river was soon greatly enlarged. Tho land was rising to the north of Ontario as well, and ultimately the outlet Irom Lake Huron to the Ottawa valley was blocked, and the surplus waters of the three greatest lakes flowed by their present -course to Lake Eric, and thence to tho Niagara river. With the continued rise of the land, especially toward the east of Ontario, tho water level rose until it attained its present elevation, and the fall of tho river between the two lakes was reduced to the present 360 feet. Can dates be assigned to these events? The lirst estimate of the age of Niagara river was given by Ellicott over a century ago at 55.4'K) years; Bakewell. in 1830. gave 12.000; Lyell's estlmato of 35.000 was accepted for many years after 1S41, but recent writers, using tho mean rates of recession during forty-eight years as determined by survey, make tho value 9,000 years. Dr. Siencer has made a new and careful computation of the age of Niagara river and falls. He shows that the recent estimates have not taken into account the various changes that have occurred in the fall rnd volume of tk river. His calculations result in a valua nearly that of Lyell's. Dr. Spencer believes the Niagara river was formed 22,000 years ago. and that a thousand years later tho falls were In existence. For 17,200 years their height was about two hundred feet: thereafter the

water fell 420 feet. Seven thousand eight hundred years ago the drainage of Iake Superior, Michigan and Huron first flowed through tho Niagara gorgr?. and three thousand years ago the waters rose In Iake Ontaria until the level reached that of today. The falls, then.-are 31.000 years old. This estimate, calculated from the rate of erosion, is confirmed by another made from the terrestrial movements. Two deductions may be given one as to the past, the other concerning the future. The lakes came into existence after the glacial epoch, and Niagara after the lakes, and calculations based on tho mean rate of rise of the loaches in the earlier period of the lakes' history snow that the close of the ice age may safely be placed at fifty thousand years ago. As to tho future: With the present rate of calculated terrestrial uplift In the Niagara district, and the rate of recession of the falls continued, or even doubled, before the cataract shall have reached the Devonian escarpment at Buffalo, that limestone barrier ehall have been raised so high as to turn the waters of the upper lakes Into the Mississippi drainage by way of Chicago. An elevation of sixty feet at the outlet of Lake Erie wou'd bring the rocky floor of the channel as high as the Chicago divide, and an elevation of seventy feet would completely divert the drainage. This would require five to six thousand years at the estimated rate of terrestrial elevation. FinST USE OF GUXPOWDEIl. An Instrument of War Lone Ilefora History Begins. St. Nicholas. People outside of military life who have no connection with the making of gunpowder know it only as a coarse, black powder liko sand, which will flash off with, a loud report if shut up in a case of any kind and set on fire. It is a very queer mixture, made up of three simple and well- f known substances, no one of which will explode, although two will burn. No ono knows when or how it was discovered. . for as far back to the dark ages as records or traditions will carry us we find that gunpowder, though not used for guns, was known. It was, no doubt, looked upon with awe and fear by the ancients on ac count of its flame, its noise and Its rending force, but their limited mechanical skill could suggest very little use for it. Possibly it was used in warfare lonjr before the beginning of history, but the first man in historical times to form an idea of the terrible destruction which this awful, bursting, fiery substance might produce wan an English monk named Roger Bacon. Monks in his day were the chemists, scholars and writers of the world, and this Roger Bacon traveled and studied much and made continual experiments in his laboratory to prove for himself and to develop what he learned from others. He probably saw gunpowder among the Moors in Spain and tried for himself Its explosive effect. The he wrote of its composition in the year 12C7. and In his writing suggested that It could be used In engine of war to deal death and destruction to armies of men. Soon after Roger Bacon'n time his suggestions were taken up and guns were constructed, first by binding Iron bars together with hoops to form a tube, then by casting a tube out of brass with one end closed. Stones of suitable size were selected as shot, and the powder had to be carried around in chests or barrels and shoveled Into the muzzles of the guns. In spite of these drawbacks, very large guns were built, for there was one used oy Mohammed II against the Greeks at the siege of Constantinople in 1453, which threw a stone weighing 0o0 pounds a distance of one mile. Tributes to Women. (Selected by "Ben-Ardys.") Where women are, the better things are Implied If not spoken. A. Bronson Alcott. There is no Jewel In the world so valuable as a chaste and virtuous woman. Cervantes. Woman is the Sunday of man; not his repose only, but his Joy the salt of his life. Michelet. A woman has this quality In common with the angels that those who suffer belong to her. Balzac. Women are the books, the arts, the academies that show, contain, and nourish ail the world. Shakspeare. Next to God. we are indebted to women, first for life itself, and then for making it worth living. Bovce. God has placed the genius of women In their hearts, because the works of this genius arc always works of love. Lamartlne. There Is In every true woman's heart a ppark of hcivcnly fire, which beams and blazes In the dark hours of adversity. W. IrVlng. A good asid true woman Is said to resemble a. Cremona riddle age but Increases Its worth and sweetens its tone. O. W. Holmes. Woman was taken out of man; not out of his head to top him, nor out of his feet to be trampled underfoot: but out of his side to be equal to him, under his arm to le protected, and near his heart to be loved. M. Henry The buckling on of the knight's armor by his lady's hand was not a mere caprice of romantic fashion. It Is the type of an eternal truth that the soul's armor Is never well set to the. heart unless a woman's hand has braced It. and it is only when he braces It loosely that tho honor of manhood falls.-John Ruskin. The Shnkspearean Affectation. Boston Transcript. "All this hue and cry of people who pretend to 'delight in the divine bard' above all rise on earth Is nil nonsense." says Thomas V.'. Keene. "Nine persons out of ten don't know what they are talking about when they mve over the 'divlno bard.' Iet me Illustrate this: I once encountered on a train an old gentleman who was an enthusiast on the subject of Shiksieare. He had Just had a glorious week with John McCullough in town; been to ix nlcht and two matine performance.-. Ho had fairly reveled in the 'divine bard.' in fa t. I took occasion to ask him wn.-.t ?di-CuIlunh had been playing. I v;:s tId the repertory had consisted cf The L'.dy of byons.' I;imon and Pythias.' 'inborn tr.' 'Richelieu' and 'Brutus, or th Fall of Tarquln. Truly, a tine least from the Mivino bard. And yet the ol I fellow was very much In earnest and wns well' read, besides. At b ast, he thought be was." Since the Election. Washington Post. Thero is a wonderful warclty of Bryan Democrats in the departments. It Is only equaled by tho mot; who used to be Democrats, but who havo now come to the ccnclusion that McKinlys election I the very best thing that could have happened to the country.