Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 January 1896 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 1838.:

TIIK DAILY JOURNAL TUESDAY, JANUARY 2S, ISOa

Wasfclnj'on Olflcc lllU Feoasylraaii Aveaae Telephone Call. Business 03!ce 2 Editorial lUxmi A 85 tehjis or siiiscription. 1'AILY BY MAIL. my only, ere mnutli ... I sJly only, tbrre mnr.tb 2.00 I'atljr nl, en ar H.uO IUlv, Hjrlu.liii?.surUy, one )ear lo.oo fcumlajr only, cut- j ear 2.VQ WHIS ri BMMIItU BY A(iKTS. rally, per by carrier 15 rts huitiiay, tlnl oiy J eti Lilly auU fcurnia) , per Kk, ty carrier 10 cu AViiKLV. Irjeax. 51.00 Hedaced Rates to Clubs. Subscribe with any of our numerous agent or send iotwrrljUoiu to Uw JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY Indianapolis, Ind. Tenon MB!In th Journal Uu-ongh the malls In th-i CnU nl Mats hJiouJ'l put oa an eight-page paper a cxx-cXT portage stamp; on a twelve or siiten-pag taper a two-ce-t i-oMae stamp. 1: orel'n portage is bftually double theMs rate. tAD communications Intended for publication In thut paper mcrt, in orlr to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and aliLress of trw writer. TIIC ISDIA.AI'OLI9 JOURNAL Can be found at the following places EW YORX-Cllsey House, Windsor Hotel and Astor House. CHICAGO Palmer House, Auditorium Hotel and Annex and r. O. ew Co., H Adam street. CINCIXN ATI J . E. UawiTy &. Co., 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE C T. Iieertn, northwest foraer of Third and Jefferson sta., and Louisville liook Co., 2jS ourth tre. BT. LOULS Union Sews Company, Union Depot. 8TA SHINGTON, D. C RHrpr Houae, Ebbltt House, lttn street, bet. Fenn. ae. and F street It la to be hoped the new Senator Canrfon, from Utah, will not go off as explosively as some of the old ones. Republican papers In Ohjo very generally demand that the members of the Legislature indicted for taking bribes shall be promptly brought to trial. This will be a week of debate in both branches of Congress. The congressional definition of "debate" is talk that informs nobody, convinces nobody and accomplishes nothing. The Monroe doctrine is not of such pressing importance as the adding of four or Ave millions of money monthly to the revenues of the treasury, but the Senate seems not to so understand it. Sympathy for the Armenians seems to have made CongTess oblivious of the fact that ex-Consul Waller, an American citizen, still languishes in a French prison. There Is a case for some kind of action. That third-term letter which Mr. Cleveland, according to his friend Benedict, was going to write in two or three days has not appeared, although two or three months have passed. But it is of no consequence. It Is a pity the United States Senate cannot be brought to see Itself as others see it and stop doing things which, if sot aotually Injurious to public Interests, are at least outside of the field of useful legislation or practical statesmanship. : It would, perhaps, be unfortunate If one of these criminal trials so unnecessarily extended should be brought to an end by the death of a juror. To avoid such an ending it would be well to reject all men for jurors who have passed the military age. The probable crime of a schoolteacher In a neighboring county is a warning that no young men who are not of general good repute should be employed as teachers. The young man who is known as a ymasher" should be stricken from the list of teachers. There are those . who now say that Senator.Dubols was not In earnest when he predicted that the silverites In the Senate would attach a free silver coinage bill to the Ten Commandments If they were offered as a separate bill. It 13 hoped that the report Is true. - The denial by the Grand Vizier of Turkey that a new treaty or agreement has been made between Turkey and Russia Increases the probability that there has been. The first principle of Turkish diplomacy Is lying, and the Grand Vizier Is an accomplished Turkish diplomate. The report of a staff correspondent of the Boston Globe who interviewed the Cuban insurgent leader General Gomez a few days ago disproves the recent rumors that he, was wounded and dying )i consumption, un me contrary, me correspondent reports him hale and hearty, full of fight and planning a bold strode. A nation that 13 strangled by its lawmakers so that It cannot even pay its own expenses, and which has a cumulative deficit of more than ?6,000,C00 a month is not in a good position to be flouting other nations. As long as the Senate refuses to do anything to relieve the financial necessities of the government it should stop its bluster. " 'wllowever the great powers In Europe may stand in regard to each other. It is now very certain that Great Britain cannot count upon the support or even the good will of any of them, but rather the reverse. As for Germany, which has been regarded as a natural ally. It will take some time for her people to forget London's abuse of the "Dutch." From July, 1S04, to February, 1S33, the United States Senate purchased 16.D00 grains of quinine in the form oZ pills. During the session after the election of 1S34 the demand for this tcnic was noticeably large, 5,00.) grains being purchased Dec. 30 and 5,000 more before the close of the short session. And yet the Senate seems In need of more tonic. Those who take an Interest In the wider politics of to-day must' await the meeting of the British Parliament within three weeks with unusual interest. Since that body was prorogued many things have transpired affecting Great Britain In its relations with the rest of the world which those on the opposition benches will make inquiries about which must be It Is now said that the professor of Jurisprudence in Oxford University, England. Is preparing a sta' ment of Great Britain's position and claim in the Venezuelan matter for Lord Salisbury, which will be made part of an official publication. As this will go Into Mr. Bayard's hands. It will reach the Venezuelan commission through official channels without a formal recognition of the commlscica by Great Britain. It would never,

never do for the British government to officially recognize an American commission appointed to ascertain the truth. TIIK DREADFUL SE.1ATC.

Judging from the promptness with which the Senate adopted the resolutions from the committee on foreign relations concerning the Turkish outrages in Armenia it probably thought the action wise, timely and statesmanlike. The speeches were sentimental and jingoish, and the vote was of that nearly unanimous character which the Senate adopts when it is playing to the galleries or doing some great act outside of practical legislation; but all the same the action was of very doubtful wisdom. To begin with, the Senate is neglecting its duty to the country, and has been for some weeks. Congress met on the 2d of December, eight weeks ago. The President's annual message showed that the national finances were in a critical condition. The annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury, which came two weeks later, confirmed this view. On the 21st of December the President sent a special message to Congress calling attention to the alarming condition of the treasury and urging prompt remedial legislation. The House, recognizing the gravity of the situation and Its duty In the premises, prepared to act immediately. The usual holiday adjournment was omitted, and for the first time in the history of the government the ways and means committee devoted several hours of Christmas day to formulating bills for the relief of the treasury. These measures, a tariff bill and a bond bill, were reported in the House on the 26th of December, and the tariff bill was passed on the same day. It is estimated that It would add 140,000,000 to the government revenues. The bond bill was passed by the House Dec. 28. Both bills were sent to the Senate, and there they remain. Since then the Senate has divided its time between wrangling over a few petty offices, listening to longwinded speeches on dead or Irrelevant issues, hammering at the Monroe doctrine and passing resolutions denouncing the Armenian massacres. Probably no legislative body ever showed less appreciation of a crisis in its country's affairs or less regard for its own duty. " As to the infamy of the Turkish outrages In Armenia, there Is, of course, no difference of .opinion. They challenge the sympathy of the civilized world, and if mere expression of sympathy could do any good Congress should not hesitate to make it. But not only can It do no .good, but there is reason to fear that. in existing circumstances, It may be used as a weapon against the Monroe doctrine and thereby weaken the position of this government on a question where it is important that it should be strong. The Monroe doctrine has double significance. It commits the United States to noninterference in European affairs as distinctly as it opposes European interference in American affairs. In fact, the latter phase of the doctrine derives its main strength from our scrupulous observance of the former. Obviously, therefore, when the United States assumes to protest against the action of European governments regarding a European question It lays itself open to the charge of meddling in European affairs. Waiving the discourtesy implied to other powers in assuming to construe a treaty to which the United States Is not a party and trying to fasten on them a responsibility which they will promptly disclaim, the least that can be said of the Senate action is that It Is a piece of unnecessary meddling In affairs far removed from the proper field of legislation. If any American citizen should be harmed or American property be destroyed in Turkey the United States should act promptly and vigorously. But action Is one thing and talk is another. Mere resolutions of sympathy by a legislative body and, by the way, no other legislative body besides the American Congress ever passes them amount to nothing, and scolding at foreign governments does not contribute to the strength or dignity of our own. RESTRICTION OP IMMIGRATION. The bill which an association inter, ested in the restriction of immigration has before the House committee on immigration should become a law. The country would be much better off now if it had been a law for twenty years. To paupers and criminals now rejected this bill proposes to add the Illiterate males. Illiteracy is not a crime. Many worthy people have grown up in this country who have not been able to read, but they have been educated to the institutions and, conditions of the country by contact. The illiteracy which is an evil and a danger is that of the foreigner who comes to us Ignorant of our institutions, and whose Inability to read keeps him a foreigner in spite of naturalization. By the constitutions of half the States such illiterates can vote after being in this country a year. They are the natural dupes of conscienceless demagogues who control them by appealing to their prejudices. In a recent strike a class of these Ignorant foreigners were worked up to the proposition of driving all the natives out of a village. Not the least of the objections which the Journal raises to the pouring Into the country of hundreds of thousands of illiterates is that it creates an oversupply of what Is termed common labor, degrading that already here both by depressing wages and by contact. Nor will It do to charge that this is the reason of the demagogue, as was charged against those in the East who twenty years ago opposed Chinese immigration. The objection to the illiterate immigrant Is based upon economic considerations. There is now more unskilled labor in the country than there is adequate employment for. Consequently, thousands are pushed to pauperism or a condition little above It. Safety to society, and, above all. Justice to the mass of men who are natives of the country or who have been here for years, demands that our ports be closed to the Importation of hundreds of thousands of people who, in equal competition, would deprive them of a portion of their employment, and who, because of the wretched food and shelter they have been accustomed to, can underbid them in the labor market and force wages below the level of decent existence. The sad experience of the country with Clevelandlsm has prepared the people to demand a philosophical system of protection which will begin by protecting the common labor so useful to the country against the unequal competition which the immigration of hundreds of thou

sands of cheap-living people forces upon those who have been in the country for years. Failure to do this in the past has been the great defect of protective legislation. The bill now before the House committee on immigration, when it becomes a law, will be the first step to a complete system of protection. If the free-traders who arc urging Congress to pass the bill help the work along, protectionists, that is, real ones, should be greatly obliged to them. "Is this country to be no longer a home for the down-trodden and an asylum for the oppressed?" has already been asked by excellent but: emotional people. If the down-trodden who come here are so ignorant ar;d illiterate as to be worse than useless or will proceed to tread down those already here by beating down wages, the answer must be, even if apparently somewhat heartless, that the foreign down-trodden must care for themselves. If the "oppressed" are Anarchists, Nihilists and so-called Socialists who make war upon law and the existing order of things it is time to shut the gates of the asylum and placard them "closed." On purely economic grounds and solely in Justice to the millions in this country In a crowded labor market this bill should be passed. Charity, with peoples as well as with families, should begin at home. This measure is charity to the foreign born and his children now here as much as it Is to native. S03IG PHASES OP TIIC OYSTER QUESTION.

All good Americans are interested in the oyster question, but not all are interested alike. The Interest of most persons only begins after the oyster comes on the table, but in Maryland and Virginia it is quite different. There oysters are a crop, a source of revenue, a subject of warfare and a topic of legislation. There have been numerous conflicts and some bloodshed between the rival fishermen of these two States over the oyster beds in their border waters. The latest phase of the question, and one that interests everybody is the diminishing supply and possible extinction of oysters by reckless dredging and destruction of their beds. As a means of averting this calamity it is proposed that the State take the natural oyster beds under Its protection, preserving them for public use, and that water bottoms now barren be leased by the fifty or hundred acres to persons who shall have the exclusive . right of using them for oyster planting. In this way it is claimed that the natural beds already formed would be saved from destruction and that many new private or leased beds would be formed. The Baltimore un, discussing the matter editorially, says: There could be no moro opportune time than the present for such legislation. With a Democratic Senate and a Republican House both parties would share equally whatever of unpopularity there may be in it, as well as the credit. The results of oyster planting in Sinepuxent bay, in" Worcester county, in Virginia waters and In other places dissipate all doubt as to the outcome of such an enlightened policy. It is not unlikely that a new assessment in this State will reduce the basis to such an extent that, unless some additional sources of revenue can be discovered, tax rates may be greatly advanced. Here is a source of revenue which may be so rich as in a few years to support the entire State government and do away with all direct taxation for State purposes. The Journal does not wish to meddle officiously in the affairs of another State, but whatever concerns the fate of the oyster concerns the people of Indiana. The suggestion that its protection should be made a nonpartisan question seems to be a wise one. The oyster itself is strictly nonpartisan and entitled to liberal treatment from all parties. Just now the Republican party is enjoying a notable victory in Maryland by the election of its first United States Senator from that State. If it could at the same time do something in a large and handsome way for the protection and promotion of oyster culture it would win golden opinions from ail sorts of people. The Sun's suggestion in regard to advancing the tax rates is somewhat vague, but it is to be hoped Maryland Republicans will do nothing to Increase the burdens of the oyster. A recent Issue of the Leeds (England) Mercury, published In a manufacturing center, contains an editorial on the Dingley revenue bill. Supposing that the bill, having passed the House, would become a law, the Mercury admits that it would hurt British woolen manufacturers. It says: This district is, of course, more particularly concerned about the advance on woolen and worsted fabrics. Elsewhere, in to-day's issue of the Mercury, it will be seen that during the last few months Immense quantities of these goods have, through the more lenient operation of the Wilson tariff, been sent hence to the United States, and it Is plain that an addition equal to 60 per cent, of the McKinley tariff must tend to materially limit such exports. The Mercury thought there would be some compensation if the duty on wool were increased, as it hoped that would cripple American manufacturers and thus weaken their competition. "But," it concluded, "whatever compensation may be thus derived, the restricted American demand caused by the raising of the tariff will be a blow to our manufacturers." The large gathering of Republicans who are interested in the organization of the State committee furnishes evidence that the party Is full of zeal and confidence. Nothing has transpired the past year to -cause the voters to have any more faith In Democratic control than they had that November day in 1S94 when they went to the polls and buried the party ticket in Indiana by a plurality of 43,000. The Democrats may pull themselves together a little better than hi 1S94, but with another year of Clevelandlsm, with its tariff of deficits and its bungling of every matter which It touches, the Republicans will be sure to retain ascendency in Indiana. Whatever may be the result of the present contest, it should not and will not affect the unity of purpose and the zeal of the Republican party in Indiana. The bill which has been prepared and presented in the House at the suggestion of the Winter Wheat Millers' League, authorizes the President, whenever it shall appear to him that the governments of other countries are levying discriminating duties upon the grain, flour and other agricultural products of the United States, to suspend the present tariff schedules so far as they apply to the imports from those countries and impose duties which will be practically prohibitory to those imports. As nearly all Europe discriminates against our breadstuffs and meats since the Democratic Congress revoked the reciprocal treaties, a measure of that drastic character. If

it should become a law, would be very sure to bring about a prompt and radical change.

Every two hundred of the illiterates who came to this country between March and November, 1802. was composed of 66 Italians, 56 Polanders, 28 Hungarians, 20 Russians, 10 English, 8 Irish, 6 Welsh. 2 Germans, and less than one each from the Scandinavian countries and Denmark. Of the 440,796 foreigners who came to this country in the year which ended June SO. 1593, 61,038 over sixteen years of age were unable either to read or write. Despite the denials which have been made, the opinion seems to prevail in London that Russia and Turkey have made an alliance, or, rather, Russia has extended a protectorate over Turkey. It Is predicted that one of the results of the protectorate will be the ending of the Armenian atrocities. If that should come true' ItUssia will have accomplished more than the allied powers. One of the results of a silver party presidential ticket, says the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, will be to make the Republican candidate sure of the electoral vote of Missouri. So long have the Vests and the Blands been preaching the free coinage of sliver that thousands of Democrats will vote the silver mine owners' ticket If the Democratic candidate is on a sound-money platform. RUBBLES IN TIIC AIR. Raffled Ambition. The Possible Angel Would you like to shine a3 a star? , The Soubrette I guess I would be a planet. A star is able to make its own rays. Room for Argument. "There is no room for argument," began the excited citizen. "Wouldn't Tomlinson Hall do?" asked the flippant man, and the , Monroe doctrine remains nebulous. Love and Duty. "If a fellow has a chance to marry a poor, handsome girl, or a rich, plain girl, which do you think he ought to do?" "It looks to me as If the proper course is a plain one in that case." Cave Cancm. "I see you have 'cave canem over your gate, professor. Is there really any savage dog about he place?" . "Of course." , , "Then why don't you put the sign In English?" "In English, sir? A man who cannot read Latin understanding deserves tp be -bitten." ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. Probably the most celebrated piece of delft In the world Is ) the "giant plaque" In the village of Lekkef fcerk. This plaque, which stands eighty feet high, Is decorated with a portrait of the famous Dutch giant of the eighteenth century. A pickpocket robbed Mrs. Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward in Boston the other day and when the thief was brought before his victim, she Eail: "He doesn't look like a criminal. He has a good face, and perhaps he will give up stealing. I will not prosecute hJm." Hugh Miller, the son of the author of "The Old Red Sandstone," died recently from typhoid fever, at the age of only forty-five. For twenty-one years he had been an officer of tho geological survey of Scotland, and he was the author of a little work entitled "Landscape Geology." General Bourbakl, of. France, is now nearly eighty years , of ace and In precarious health. Ho was bora at Pau the year following the battle of Waterloo. Bourbakl, while retreating before Manteuffel's army towards Switzerland, tried to blow out his brains and for weeks hovered between life and death. The late Judge Brausewetter, of Berlin, was notorious as the Judse who once declared: "There Is no such thing as public opinion in Germany." This dictum caused as great a storm of public protest in Germany as was roused In America by Judge Taney's: "The negro has no rights that the white man is bound to respect." The Hon. A. W. Talne, of Penobscot, Me., has attended every term of the Supreme Court at Bangor for fifty-nine years, with the exception of one winter, when illness kept him at home. He was on hand at the opening of the court last week with a case for trial. He has argued cases at every term cf court, except the one when he was ill. ' r Tha? 's a pretty bit of symbolism reported by a recent visitor to the grave of George Eliot, a HIghgate. It 13 only fifteen years since the famous writer died, but her grave is already showing signs of neglect. "There la only one living emblem to De een, and that is a spray of Ivy which has crept from the tomb of Georse Henry Lewes to cling around the) basa of the column erected to the memory of the woman he loved.V D. L. Moody, ttbe'Tangelist, told a story In PhlladehiaVhcpther day about his life beforthisvcpjsion, when a boy of seventeen. gala that while he was a preUp bad" boy in bis unregenerate days deep-itf the-folles and. errors of the world, he never "broke far away from his early religious i training : as .to forget to say his prayers every night. "I used to sleep with my brother,"., he said, "and if either one of us happened to, jump into bed without first getting on his knees, the other would swear at him vigorously and kick him out on the floor." Some one in Washington recalls a story of Henry Labouehere when he was an attache of the British legation In Washington. One day he was sitting In his office, when a rather noisy- individual came in and asked to see the minister. "You can't see him. He's gone - out.' You, must seo me," "I don't want to see you; I want to see the boss of the ranch," said the noisy individual. "All right," replied Labouehere. going on with his writing. "Take a chair." The visitor sat and waited for an hour. Then, with several picturesque extracts from profane history, he inquired how long the boss would be gone. "I should think about six weeks," replied Labouehere, carelessly. "You see, he has Just sailed for England." With the exception of Queen Victoria and the Prince of Wales, all the royalties of Europe are In the habit of rising early. The German Emperor Is generally dressed by 5 In the morning, much to the sorrow of the Berlin barracks. The Queen Regent of Spain is ready for the day's business at 7 sharp. KlnR Humbert, of Italy, rises at G. as do also tho King of Sweden and King Charles, of Roumania. The. late Emperor Dcm Pedro, of Brazil, when In Europe was in the habit of rising at 3 and calling upon his friends and acquaintances at the unusual hours of 4 and 5 in the morning. The Empress Elizabeth, of Austria, takes her bath at 4 a. m. and then starts out on long walks. Queen Victoria, it is said, never rises before 8. while breakfast at Sandrlngham and Marlborough House Is rarely partaken of before 10. DESPONDENT VICTORIA. She In Infirm in llodr and Dereft ly Dentil of Her Old Friends. Cable Special to New York Times. Queen Victoria will in May be entering her seventy-eighth year. Infirm in bodily health, unutterably sad in mind, bereft almost wholly of old friends and servants, and living In gloomy reverie on tho past among memorials of her dead. This thought of the aged sovereign, so pitiful In her increasing isolation, comes uppermost now in Englishmen's minds whenever royalty is mentioned, and it rose swiftly, overpowerlnply, everywhere when the news of the death of Prince Henry of Battenberg wa spread on Wednesday. This amiable gentleman, who had been living here for ten years in a somewhat anomalous position, had been made a sort of national butt for Jokes, not always good na tared, directed at the whole institution of German pauper Princes eating off the English taxes. The poor fellow must have winced terribly sometimes under the ceaseless battery of banter and cheap music hall chart, which he. bore silently for his kinsmen and caste. He was very happy when he could get away from England for a time, but even abroad his comfort was limited, because there was a uniform boycott arranged among the continental

courts against recognition of the royal status which England had conferred on him. So he spent his vacations mostly on his yacht, secure alike from British guying and continental snubs. At last, when the Ashantee expedition offered a chance, he pleaded for and obtained a chance to persuade the English to think of him as a soldier and a brave man, instead of an alien and a tame house pet. If ho had come alive with the rest I doubt he would have achieved this end. Very possibly, the bloodless, almost farcical, character of the performance In Coomassie would have Involved him In more ridicule than ever. But he was afraid of the coast fever from the start, talked about it all the while -on the way out, had not the right - kind or physique to meet It when it came, and so died. Instantly a complete metamorphosis vas wrought in England's notions of him. People of all grades and conditions recalled in a flash how It would affect the Queen, and this reflection colored Intuitively all their thoughts and words. In truth, the event Involves a deeper personal affliction for tne Queen than perhaps any other death in her actual family since she was widowed. Not ever her own son, Leopold, who died eleven years ago, was so close to her or so much a part of her dally domestic life as was Prince Henry. He had a remarkable aptitude for the role that he was called on to play, and he waited on her, watched over her, smoothed the routine of existence for her with untiring zcaU It was by no me ins a light task, but he performed It with a profound German patience. This is remembered now to his infinite credit, and he is being sincerely mourned ten times as much as the Duke of Clarence, who stood on the steps of the throne itself. It seems that the shock has not directly affected the Queen's health at least, thus far but It Is uneasily felt that it will inevitably multiply the weight of the melancholy she is already bowel under? Hence the public have been raining in messages of condolence upon her in far more promtxuous fashion than ever tefoie, and no one is too poor, too obviously interested, to fail of thanks from her secretaries. It Is being whispered about that the German Emperor's message is not of a character which would have pleased England If it had been published. This may have no better basis than the fact that no official mention of the dispatch from him has been made either here or in Berlin, though something ha9 been said of his making inquiries as to the health of his grandmother and Aunt Beatrice. Unless something definite is published soon, this rumor is certain to spread and assume a large importance In the public mind. ' An Incorrigible Cane. They say you were not In society's swim, Oh, Benjamin Franklin, for ha:-i That your family crest was a little too dim To delight a "Colonial Dame." You couldn't have rolled up those trousers so short ' When London was spattered with dew; And you kept on your hat when presented at courtHence, Benjamin Franklin, go 'to!' ' And even if now you were Riven a chance . Would you do the rieht thing and array Yourself as you should; send a monocled glance Over a mountainous mass of bouquet? Nay, nay; such reform 'twere too much to expect. We know very well what rou'd do. 'Midst your books you would smile, though cotillons were wrecked Hence, Benjamin Frankiia, go to! They say that in letters you did a great work; . That proverbs and such things you penned: That duty's command you were ne'er known to shirk; That you ranked as humanity's friend. But never a writer of history quotes You as author of fine billets doux; And your paper contained no "Society Notes" Hence. Benjamin Franklin, go to! Washington Star. STEA31ERS OX THE YUKON.

A New Transportation Route to the Alaskan Gold Fields. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Capt. D. M. Swain, master of the steamer Borealis Rex, which plies on the Illinois river, Is Interested In a company which will operate a line of steamers on the Yukon river," Alaska, to the gold fields. This enterprise is advanced to facilitate traffic into the gold regions of the far north. Intercourse with miners who have made their fortunes in the Yukon country first drew Mr. Ssvain's attention to this field, and he Is much Interested in its resources and possibilities, and " has made a thorough study of the country. He is assured of the navigability of the Yukon and Its tributaries, and says If transportations facilities for passengers and supplies are made adequate and rapid, the country will develop wonderfully. " The discoveries of the last two seasons in this new country shows that it Is probably the largest and richest placer gold field In the world, while all along the route from the source to the mouth of the river, the close observer can see vast treasures of coal, quartz, marble, Iron, copper, etc., only waiting for capital to develop the country and furnish means of transportation to bring them within reach of the , outside world. Although a hasty exploration of the numerous tributaries of the river during the short season has proved that every stream, large or small. Is gold bearing, yet that part of the field thus far developed Is of Insignificant area. All the streams carry flour gold, which increases In Its coarseness as the rivir is ascended. During the two months last summer the few hundred men In the diggings took out over $1,000,000 worth of gold. Miller Creek, a gulch four miles long, alone produced $350,000 in fifty days, and but few of the cla'ims were developed. Not a few men took out $5,000 to $10,000 during the season, and some took out $35,000, and one man from Milwaukee $SJ,0C0. Tho Y'ukon is the second largest river in the world, being next to the Amazon In size. It is sixty miles wide at Its mouth, and at a distance of 1,500 miles from Its mouth has a width of seven to ten miles. The river is too shallow for ocean steamers, but is navigable the entire length for flatbottom river boats of 400 to 500 tons burden. The navigable tributaries of the Y'ukon are the Lewis, Pelly, Stewart, Tahkenna, Hootallnqua. Porcupine, Tannana, Avik, White, Birch and the Salmon, and many others, to the extent of several thousand miles. Prospectors can penetrate by boat the most remote parts of the gold fields without hardships, getting supplies without fail, work during the entire mining season, and,; coming out at the close of the summer, spend their winter In milder climates. All this will be made possible by the line of boats now in contemplation. There are two routes to the Yukon gold fields, but the passenger route Is the one used by miners, who go from Juneau up the Lyon canal, thence over the Chllkoot pass, twenty-four miles, to the very head waters of the Yukon. Here they spend seven or eight day9 building a rude boat and raft down the chain of lakes and river, a distance of 600 miles. All this distance Is navigable, except a short portage, and at present is without any transportation facilities except the rude rafts of the miners. To enter this country at present costs $125 and much hard work, and even a greater amount to get out. Swift steel launches would cover tne aistance in fiv days, at a cost of not more than $73 for th trip. At present It costs $150 to $250 per ton to get supplies Into the country. This Is due to tho high charges of the Indian packers, and to the lack of proper transportation facilities on the river. The company in prospect proposes operating by way , of the ocean and the mouth of the river, laying down the cargo at Circle City, the center of the gold field, at a comarativeiy low figure. The company now forming in Chicago proposes to put one of two large freighters on the Y'ukon, to run from its mouth to Circle City, the Eupply point for the gold fields, five swift launches of seventy-five to 125 passenger capacity to ply oh the upper course of the river to carry passengers in and out, and to take prospectors and supplies up tributary streams. HEIR TO TURKEY'S HlftOXE. Gossip About the Saltan's Younger Brother and Household. Richard Daney, in Westminster Gazette. Sultan Abdul-Hamid II has four living brothers. These Princes are the deposed and insane Sultan Murad V. who is his Majesty's senior by four years; Rechad Effenii, the heir-apparent, and two much younger brothers. War-ed-din Effendl and Huleiman ElTenli. Prince Sellm or. as the Turks say, Selim Sultan Is the present Sultan's eldest son, but he stands no chance of succeeding to the throne until all his uncles and the three sons of his eldest uncle, Murad V. are dead, because the succession in the Ottoman imperial family passes to the eldest survivor, and not from father to son, as with other European and eastern dynasties. In former times matters were considerably simplified by a p-eneral massacre, on the accession of a Sultan, of all the males who stood In the way of his direct Issue. When you visit the Tubeh. or tombs of the imperial family, which surround the seven Imperial mosques, you may observe that certain of the coffins some of them are mere infants have the turbans affixed to their heads slightly inclined to the left. This means that the body beneath is that of a prince who died a violent death was muderfd. The following description of Prince Rechad (the actual heir apparent) was given me by Dr. his physician: He Is about

fifty years of age, tall and well-proportioned, but inclined to stoop. His features are regular; his nose, like that of AbdulHamid, is rather Semitic In hape, hooked, eyes blue, hair and beard light red. His manners are very gracious and easy, and he is exceedingly generous and kind. He is probably not as intelligent as his brother Abdul-Hamid, but he is nothing like so nervous, although obliged to live a sequestrated existence, in obedience to the absurd regulations and traditions of the Ottoman Court, and he is fairly well Informed as to what is taking place In Europe and in the empire. He is not at all fanatical, but sincerely religious. He has two wives, both highly educated ladies, who speak French, German and English. They are well born, being the daughters of distinguished Pashas and have had foreign governesses. They dress in the house like Frenchwomen. His Highness has several children, of whom three are boys. Rechad plays very well indeed on the piano, and Is a great admirer of classical music. Like Sultan Abdul-Aziz, he is a good draughtsman, and sketches very nicely. I have seen some of his drawings, and they really have considerable merit, being much above the average of amateur performances. I was assured that Rechad Is a capital farmer, taking a pVactical interest in his farm up the Bosphorus, which he visits dally, his only relaxation in life of stupendous monotony. When he drives out it Is invariably in a closed brougham, escorted and surrounded by at least a dozen armed horsemen. All visitors, even his medical man, are searched on entering the Charagan Palace, where he resides, as a kind of state prisoner, for books and papers, which are taken from them and only returned when they leave the palace. Thus is an intelligent and well-intentioned prince kept In utter ignorance of those very things with which he ought to be best acquainted in order to Qualify himself to occupy the throne should he be destined to ascend its weary steps. ENGLAND'S VARIED CLAIMS.

A British Admission of Her Fault In Refusing Arbitration.. London Truth. This, as I take It. Is the existing article cf faith: No European power can acquire additional territory on the American continent. And this is how it is made applicable to the particular Issue: We claim that certain lands between the Orinoco and the Essquibo rivers form part of our colony of Guiana. The Venezuelans assert that they are included In their republic. If the latter are right. It Is evident that. In taking these lands, we widen the borders of our colony, and thus acquire additional territory on the American continent. The contention of the United States is. not that our title is bad. but that, until some Independent arbitrator has pronounced that it is good,' it is Impossible to say whether the lands belong to our colony or to Venezuela. The United States therefore suggest arbitration. To this Venezuela assents and we dissent. This being so, the United States submit the question of title to a commission, in order that the minds of the Americans may be made up as jto the rightful ownership of these lands. If the commission finds that all within the Schomburgk delimitation belongs to us, cadlt quaestio, so far as the Unitel States are concerned, for we have already announced our willingness to accept arbitration In respect to our title to anything beyond that line. We are primarily In fault, because we refuse to agree to a general arbitration Invested with full powers to decide what belongs to us and what to Venezuela. The Schomburgk line was drawn by that German naturalist In a rough-and-ready fashion. It was never accepted either by us or by the Venezuelans as a definite frontier between our respective territories. The Ilea on both sides seems to have been that each party should keep on its own side of the line until the real frontier had been agreed to. The Venezuelans have always claimed up to the Essequlbo and they have never varied in this claim. We, on the other hand, as has been pointed out by Mr. Atherlefy Jones in an able letter addressed to the Times, have varied our claims in a way that makes it clear that we have no very exact notion what really the frontier ought to be. Thus, In 1S14 Lord Aberdeen proposed a third frontier. This differed from the Venezuelan, and both differed from the Schomburik line. In 1SSI Lord Granville propounded a fourth frontier, ana In 18S8 Lord Rosebery suggested a fifth. Up to 1SS3, In reply to the proposals of Venezuela for arbitration, we declined iron the ground that we thought that the mater could be better settled by direct negotiation. In that yeir Lord Granville agreed to arbitrate on the entire question without any reservations, and this would have been carried Into effect had not Lord Granville, before the treaty embodying our agreement to arbitrate had been perfected, been succeeded at the Foreign Oillce by Lord Salisbury, who at once wrote to the Venezuelan government that "Her Majesty's government are unable to concur in the assent given by their predecessors in office to the general arbitration article proposed by Venezuela," thus netting at naught that "continuity" In our foreign policy about which the Tories are always clamoring. Why was this fatP.l change of front made? In that year gold in paying quantities, as was supposed, had been found to exist in portions of the disputed territory on our side of the Schomburgk line. So soon as it was thought that , evidence showed that paying goll existed in Matabele land, we slew the king of that country and most of his subjects, and laid hold of hia territories. Is it. then. o he supposed that If we claimed land contaln--gold in South America we would reter ,"jr title to arbitration, and thus Incur th chance of being deprived of a possible El Dorado? No. we backed out of the arbitration to which we had assented, and "sat tight." It is the old story of the aurl sacra fames. . WHEN THE BOERS MOUILIZE They Can Put in the Field 24,ffJ White Men and 03,000 KafXlrs. South African Gazette. The military forces of the South African republic are composed of all the able-bodied men in the country between the ages of sixteen and slxtr years, and. If necessary, all of the 63.000 native Kaffirs whose chiefs are under the jurisdiction of the republic. This would bring out almost 34,000 white men; since there are 13,500 able men, of the ages from eighteen to thirty-four, 6,500 from thirty-four, to fifty, and about 4,000 under eighteen and over fifty. A mobilization Is ordered by the President and executed by the "Kommandant General," P. J. Joubert, who gives Ids orders to the commanders of the seventeen districts into which the country Is divided, who i: turn Issue their orders to the sixtyfour field cornets and forty-two assistant field cornets of the 1C0 sections and subsections. Immediately after the receipt of the order of mobilization the field cornets, with all the men at their disposal, move to the point mentioned In the order of their commander, and leave a substitute or assistant to follow with those that have not arrived at the point designated for the meeting twelve hours after the first call. Thus it is posrible for the Boers to put into the field a strong body of armed men practically within less than twenty-four hours. All these fores named above are not trained soldiers, but similar to militia organizations; the only regulars In Transvaal are a small corps of artillery under Commander P. N. Pretorius. This corps consists of seven officers, thirteen noncommissioned officers and one hundred privates, and dispose of six light Krupp field guns, six heavy Krupp rapid-firing guns, four light and two heavy Maxim-Xnrden-foldt guns. on rifle breech-loader, and one French mitrailleuse. The Boers wear no uniform, but their ordinary dress is so universally alike that a troon of them ridlnsr in regular files would be'eons'.deied uniformed by one not acquainted with the people. A "Baaitje," a short Jacket of English cloth, trousers of the same goods, a gray, wide-brimmed soft felt hat, and boots fcrm i their dress. The gun which Is furnished them by th government rests in the right stirrup with the gunstock when riling. How quickly mobilization can be enVeted In the Transvaal may be gathered from the Incident of 1W, when the Ultlandera tore down the flag of the Transvaal republic In Johannesburg. At 6 o'clock In the evening the order of mobilization was given to three districts, and the next morning at 4 o'clock l.KnO Boers, under their field cornets, entered the city from three sides. Harrison and Blaine. Major Handy, In New York Mall and Express. Mr. Clem Studebaker, a prominent Indiana Republican, remarked the other day that great injustice was done ex-President Harrison In the supposition that he was not a devoted friend and admirer of James G. Blaine, or that General Harrison was wholly at fault when the breach came- in their friendship. Just before the Minneapolis convention. "I was a delegate at large to the Chicago convention of !&$." said Mr. Studebaker, "ar.d was known to be personally anxious for the nomination of General Grant, who was a friend of mine and of my family, the friendship datlnsr back to the war. Besides. I believed that he deserved re-election, and was even better fitted for the presidency. General Harrison labored with me nltrht and day In Blaine's behalf; in fact, whenever we met he gave me no rest on the subject. No man could have had a more loyal and strenuous advocate. This relation of loyalty continued to my knowledge until Blaine was his Secretary of State. There were differences of opinion frm time to time, but nothing serious, until Mr, Blaine. at the suggestion of -Mrs. Blaine. Insisted upon the promotion of their son-in-law, Cjlonel CooDinxer. General Harrison would

have liked to oblige them in this matter, too, but really feit that it would be an indefensible mistake from a personal as wM as from a political point of viw. Mr. Blaine, spurred at home. Insisted, and General Harrison became more confirmed In hi3 own opinion, and finally had to make a flat refusal in order to dismiss the subject. Nothing ever pained General Harrison so much, but he acted from his Presbyterian sense of duty, and would, no dubt, do the same If the question came up again." THAT AMAZING DISCOVERY.

Ghastly Result of Photographing the Hones Through the Flesh. London Letter In Boston Transcript. Turning from war's alarms to the latest wonder of science, let me direct attention to Professor Routgen's marvelous achievementphotography of the Invisible. The cable has probably told you something about this amazing discovery, which is not yet fully explained. Like all great discoveries, it has been to some extent anticipated. For Instance, it hai beta known for years that the electric light or glow from Geissler and Crooke's tubs possessed peculiar chemical properties. Profejwor Routgeu has been the man to first Investigate and turn to practical use those qualities. He found that from this electric source then are emitted rays of light invisible to the human eye. Just as it is known that thero are sounds inaudible to the human ear. The reason of this invisibility Is the fact that ail or nearly all organic matter, such as the human eye, is transparent to these chemical rays. They are. however, as easily detected and recorded by tho camera as are ordinary rays of light. Professor ltoutgen does not yet pretendl to explain his own discovery. He calls the wonJerful rays "X rays," because they are still an unknown or mysterious quantity to him. There are other Important respects in which they differ from ordinary light. They are not refracted even by a prism. They retain their rectilinear cours when passed through water or any other medium which would sharply deflect a beam of ordinary light. I have Just seen the first pnotograph taken by this strange agency, which has been received in London. It Is a picture of a living human hand. It Is a ghastly thing. It shows only the bones with a gold ring resting apparently on nothing encircling one of the fingers. Talk about detective cameras! They are harmless compare! with this wizarJ violator of all secrecy. Write a letter with ordinary ink containing Iron, seal It up or even lock it In a dek. Bring one of these devilish Crooke's tubes and a photographic plate to bear upon it and the inky letters will be recordel Just as If no raper and seals an! wooden barriers existed. Such a discovery Is indeed appalling. Last Sunday evening Professor Routgen described his discovery and performed many experiments before the German Emperor and Empress at Potsdam. He locked up a coin in a strong wooden box, turned a Crooke's tube on the receptable, and th photographic plate on the other lde toolc a perfect impression of the piece of money as though it was suspended in the air with nothing Intervening. The Emperor was so much impressed by this and many other experiments that he personally decorated the Professor with the insignia of the Crown Order before the. evening was For the last week experiments In tho same line have been In progress in all the great laboratories and many photographia establishments throughout Europe. Professor Donialip. at Prague, and several experimenters at Vienna havo been successful. I have not heard that any English imitator has yet accomplished what Profea3or Routgen has done. HOW DESERTERS ARC IDENTIFIED A Card necord Kept of Soldiers' 8 cars, Tnttoolnjr, Etc. Washington Post. The War Department has a very Interesting way of capturing deserters from the army. When a man ccmes to enlist the surgeon strips him and subjects him to a scrutiny for scars, moles, tattoolngr-. and other permanent marks on his body. He in dicates the nature of any marks he may find on one of these cards with lr.k, and lit three years from the time the scheme was put Into operatlcn there was a card on file for every enlisted man in the service. Tne file has since been kept up to date, ar.d when a man is honorably discharged him card Is destroyed. When a man deserts or commits any other military offense, the commander of the post at which he Is stationed forwards his name to the department, and his card is removed from tho alphabetical files. The man's name Is then lest sight of entirely, and his card Is claKsified In a criminal file by the section in which his mcsi prominent scar is. If it be oa his right foot, his card is placed In the right-foot file. If he has several large scars in different sections, duplicate cards are made out, and a'eard is filed in the proper file for each scar. A man with prominent scars on his right foot, his left cheek and his left arm would have a card filed In each section. These files are knewn as "undesirable men." A. When a man deserts all the attention tne bureau gives to him is to file his card, after his name has been forwarded by the commander of his po.t. with the undesirable men. according to his most prominent fear. No matter how much he Is wanted, he la seldom captured if he does not reenll. When he -e-enlists he naturally presents himself in a strange recruiting office under an alias. He is enlisted and examined m are all new recruits, and his Identification card is forwarded to the department. As the cards of the current recruits reach the office, sometimes at the rate of twenty per day, they are examined by a score of clerks for their most prominent scar. Tho scar is marked with a circle of red ink. and the card Is compared with the cards on file of the criminals with scars In any identical location. If the card does not show identical scars with any of the criminals' cards, it Is filed alphabetically, but If it shows one identical scar with the card of a criminal, all the other scars are compared with tho criminal's card, and If a sufficient similarity between the two cards can be traced, the new recruit will find himself under an-est by order of the surgeon-general In less than twenty-four hours. The clerks doing this work under Dr. Charles Smart. United States army, are la fact the military detectives. They never leave thir desks in the hottest pursuit of suspected military criminals, but the system has never failed in any case. THE PRUDENT MAIILIIOROUGH. He Takes Oat n flla Policy on ihm Life of the Duchess. New York Recorder. The report that the young Duchess of Marlborough, nee Vanderbilt, was to have her life insured for the benefit of the Duke is confirmed In a private letter. The amount is 000,000. An application has been made, and a medical report submitted, but so far as known the insurance companies have nut passed upon it. The probabilities are that they will accept the risk., for they will receive a big premium and get other benefits. Besides. British companies like to mortgage the lives of the aristocracy. This will be one of the largest. If not the largest, of risks ever taken. It will undoubtedly be underwritten by a syndicate. Two or three weeks ago a report was cabled that the Duchess was ill in Rome and her condition was such that an eminent physician bad been summoned from London. Both statements were promptly denied, and the report was evidently based on th visit of the insurance meilcal examiners to the Duchess. It was about that time that Sir Dyce Duckworth. M. D., LL. D.. honorary phyrician to the Prince of Wales, received a comml.'flon from tho Insurance companies' representatives to proceed to Rome and examine the Duchess. When Mrs. Hamendey married the late Duke cf Marlborough nre and went to live In London she expended $l.rvX)rf in restoring the palace cf Blenheim, and. by way of Indemnity, she, at the suggestion of her American solicitors, took out a policy on her husband's life for C'jO.OJirt. It was denied by the Marlborough family that any of the Hamersly money was used to rejuvenate the palace, and it was asserted that the expense was borne by the Marlborough estate. Whoever circulated the story doubtless had in mind the mortgage on the Duke's life. Those close to the VanderMIts say that they are not particularly well pleated by this latent development, ar.d Mrs. Alva Vanderbllt-Belmont has written a very matter-of-fact letter to her daughter on the subject. Her father will probably havo his say in perron when he meets the Duchess and her Duke. - ll,H . L - A Comprehensive Description. "Bab," In I'hlladelphU Times. ; The cleverest thing that very clever man. Benjamin Harrison, ever said was In praise of a certain lady. Of her he Is credited with paying: "She knows how to talk when you want to talk, and she knows how to keep quiet when you want to think." There have been books written on "How to be Happy, Though Married." on "How to Keep a Husband," on "How to Get a Home and Ho to Keep It." oa "The Art of Living." Indeed, there have been bocks with all sorts of titles, to tell women how to keep their husbands at home and in loye with them, but there has never been a book that summed up the whole situation as well as that sentence does. - - Honors Easy. St. Taul Globe. Honors are easy between. Mr. Harrison and Mm. Dlmmlck. He Is twice as old" as she, but she is twice as pretty at be Is. '