Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 January 1896 — Page 4

4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1896.

THK DAILY JOURNAL

THURSDAY. JAN UAH Y 2. JWrt. Washlcxtoa Office 1410 Pennsylvania Avenue Telephone Cull. puluNOfflf ZX J Editorial i:ni A M TEH3IS OF SLUSCItlPTIO.N'. I'AILY 11 V HAIL. Pany enly, er month 5 .;0 1 aily only, tbree inrutLs 2.f Ia:y only, one year M" Iallr, lix Imliiif Hunla, our ) ir h).fi t unuay only ote year Pailr, per week, by carrier 15 rt fruniay, ir.,d? xpy . iff Laij anU fcunda, ir wetic, by carrier 'jo cU WKHKLY. lr)ear fl.00 Reduced Rates to Club. Kubvrll itfi any oC oar uumcrvas agtuU or tend tuDscrlttiooi to tL JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Iml. ' Iroas Mn1lrc the Journal through ti mall !n th trited Mates tLoul pot 011 an euut-raicp WUer a !k-CEt postage ttamp: on a twtbe or witeen-iatfe 1 jr a TWM.kXT rftAe aiauip. orela'a aj la LauaUy Couble lUev rait. tV-All eommnnlcatlons Intended Tor pnbilentlon la ILut rfer imut. tu cnr to reef Ive attention, be acroruani(l by Uie name arel aI Jre tf tie writer. THU 1ADIAXAFOL.IS JOLIINAL. ran be toun I at tLe follow Ing j la.TS IAl:l$ American huLane iu Paris. DC UoulerarU !e aj urlne. M-.W YOKK 'iUoey Ilouke, Windsor Hotel and Aitor llOMt. CHICAGO Painter House. Auditorium Hotel anu P. o. et (.v. VI Adam stit-t-;. CI.NCINN ATI-J. R. If ley 4 Co, IN Vint street ' LOUISVIM.K C. T. iJetrto. northwest corner of ILlnl nl JrHeron at., and L,iiisvHle Hook Co., TvM rwtbae. r I. Lot l Union cwa Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C pTzgs House, Kbbltt Iloiiae, WiJlarU'a Hotel aixi tlje Vahli.tftoa New LjlcLud, Utli meet. t-J. l'er.j,. Ktnl r airer. . - , AVARMXG AGAIVST A K II A I'D. A man, calling himself F. E. Taylor and other aliases,-L traveling about In the gas belt, representing himself as a general agent of the Jourr.al and collecting money for su'ecriptions from unsuspecting person. Ho is a fraud and unworthy of any conflJer.ee: The description given of him 1 that he Is about five fee: fcur Inches In height, weighs about lZo pound., is smooth shaven, except a close-cropped, gray mustache, wears a cutaway coat and soft hat, and looks to be about fifty years of age. All persons are warned not to pay money for the Journal ta him. - or any one else, unless at their own risk. The only traveling agent the Journal has,-. who Is authorized to collect money, is ;.!r. William Smith King-, and he carries cred-atlals that are unmistakable. The originator of the Cleveland panic Is a proline creator of crises. Lately he .has given us a Venezuelan week and a financial week. There I3 no reason in the world why a few persons should not keep up the Populist organization if there is amusement in It. since it hurts nobody. Why such men as Senator Jones, of Arkansas, who is really intelligent, are anxious to get the United States on a silver basis Is one of the things many 01 her people cannot see. . . "When the same efficiency is demanded in public employments as is demanded in well-managed private corporations, and the Fame number of full days work required there will be better results. It is said the President wants to make the next bond issue so large that It will not be necessary to make another during his administration. .If he had shown as much anxiety to avoid a first bond Issue as he does to make a last one the country would have been much better off. The last bonds issued were sold to the Morgan syndicate at 104 when their equivalents, were selling in the open market at 113 or 111. and the very bonds then sold at 101 now command 116 to 117. If the new syndicate makes as good a bargain it ought to have a happy New Year. The new finance committee of the Senate Is composed of thirteen members Instead of eleven, as heretofore, and comprises eight free silver Senators, viz., Fix Democrats, one Republican and one Populist, and five anti-silver men, all Republicans. It is a distinctly free silver committee. If the Democrats In the Senate stood in the same relation to the free coinage of silver as do the Republicans there would be a decided majority against it. The Republicans who are for free coinage represent silver constituencies, but the Democrats seem to take that side from their natural perversity. It takes John Sherman to devise a simple and effective remedy to keep up the fcoid reserve, and that is to use it for 1 the redemption of greenbacks and to hold the greenbacks so redeemed to be exchanged for gold. Hut with such a plan the President could not use the greenbacks to make guod the treasury dellciency. Senator Vest, in demanding that greenbacks be redeemed with silver dollars, shows that he has about the same sort of grudge against this country as he had when he left Missouri to Join the Confederate army. It is a calamity for a man to be so constituted that he is bitterly hostile to the best interests of the country. England Is realizing the embarrassing effects of a bad reputation. A Herlin paper, commenting on the invasion of the Transvaal republic, says: "KverywHerc the same greed and bad faith. To-day it Is Africa; yesterday it was South America." A little while ago It was the enforcement of an indemnity demand against Nicaragua, and presently it will be trying to steal a slice off Alaska. Twenty-four United States Senators, tlxteen of whom were elected ts Democrats and tight as Republicans, are misrepresenting their States by advocating free silver. There are Senators who represent silver States . or who were elected cn this issue, but the twentyfour Senators referred to are not of that number. Their misrepresented constituents ought to hold mass meetings and request them to resign. The prospect for sound financial legislation by the Senate is almost hopeless. It is plain that a combination of Democratic Senators from the Southern States, Republican Senators from the far Western States and l'opullst Senators from both the South and West have absolute control of legislation and will not allow any financial measure to pass unless It provides for free silver. It is I not an encouraging outlook. Thert? has never been a more Xlagrant fntimcs of raUreDresentaUon of a lco-

ple than Is afforded by the course of Senators Voorhees and Turpie on the

sliver question. In openly espousing the cause of free silver they not only do not represent a' majority of the people of Indiana, but they do not represent 'the majority sentiment of their own party. As Senators they should endeavor to represent all the people and not merely the Democratic portion of them, but they do not even represent the best sentiment nor the majority of their own party. They have betrayed the inter ests of the State they were elected to represent. They are representing the silver mine owners of Nevada, not the honest money people. Democrats and Republicans, of Indiana. IORB THOtllLB FOR KXGI.AXD. Foreign troubles for England multiply. The latest one involves threatening possibilities and is evidently causing the government much anxiety. Like many other troubles. It grows out of England's policy of territorial aggrandizement and the disposition of Rritlsh officials and agents In all parts of the world to assume the aggressive on slight provoca tion in the belief that every such act on their part will be sustained by the home government. The vord boer Is Dutch for peasant. The Boers, who are the party of tho second part in the new difficulty, are descendants of Dutch colonists in south 'Africa. Though a rude and primitive people, they are not uncivilized, and the eturdy virtues of their ancestors find full expression in the descendants. They are pre.-eminently an agricultural people and principally engaged in cattle breeding. They are plain, honest, straightforward, pious and, hospitable, but distrustful of foreigners, especially of the English. They are courageous, and have shown on more than one occasion that they are good fighters. The ancestors; of the present , Boers were in south Africa long before the British got a foothold there. The coming of the latter was followed by a long period of friction which resulted in several migrations by. the Boers and finally In the formation of the two republics of Orange River and Transvaal. After enjoying several years of independence and peace the British began to interfere again, and a war followed which resulted In the conquest and annexation of the Transvaal republic to the British possessions?" Four years later, in 1881, the Boers rebelled and another war followed, in which they regained their independence. The present president of the republic, Paul Kruger, was elected in 1883 and has been regularly reflected since. The republic is about three times as large as Indiana, and has a population of about 800,000. It is rich In minerals, and the discovery of rich gold deposits a few years ago was followed by a great Influx of English, which for a time threatened to swamp the Boer element. The present difficulty probably grows out of this British Immigration into the Transvaal territory and the Boers' chronic dislike of the English. The Transvaal government Is entirely in tne hands of the Boers, aliens not being allowed to vote. The English are, of course,-taxed, and as they are not allowed to vote they have- raised the specious cry of "taxation without representation." They could leave the country if they wished to, but they prefer to remain and make trouble. It is in response to the appeal of these dissatisfied Englishmen that Dr. Jameson, British commissioner, has invaded the Transvaal territory, with a considerable force. The Boers will defend their country very vigorously, and ' if hostilities begin they will be apt to wipe out old scores. The Britioh commissioner seems to have acted very rashly, for, besides bringing on a war with the Boers which may result disastrously to British interests, his action may be resented by Germany and France, both of whom are Interested In preserving the Independence of the Transvaal. TUB RAPID IXCIIEASB OF GOLD. One of the economists who have been with us, noting the rapid Increase of production in recent years, said that a surfeit of gold was one of the possibilities, or words to that effect. The increased production due to the investment Of capital In machinery and appliances to get gold out of ores which "could not be worked ten years ago, proves that the prediction, if not fully warranted, has a better basis than many predictions. If the capacity of the world to absorb gold for money .and manu factures is limited, as is its capacity for much more perishable merchandise, then there is a fair ground to assume that in a few years gold will be so plentiful that, if it has a decided effect upon prices, it will be to advance rather than contract. The growth of the output is remarkable, as the following figures show: The aggregate production of the world for the five years beginning with 1SS0 was $507,600,000, or an average of 5101.520,000 a year. Beginning with 1890 the output of the world's mines has been: 1S90. $118,843,000; 1S91. $130.6o0.000; 18K2. $H6.20S.OO0; 1893, $155,522,000; 1804. $J81,510,100. It is claimed from partial returns that when all are collected the output of gold In 1893 will exceea $200,000.0C0. The largest output in any year of the California and Australian period was $155,450,000, in 1S53. The great increase of gold production from these mines set in in 1S52, but the average output of the ten years beginning with that year was $131,415,000. Assuming that the output of 1S95 was $200,000,000, the average product of the past rive years was $162,596,000, or more than $7,000,000 a year in excess of the highest yield of the California and Australian period, and over $31,000,000 a yeaV in excess of the average for ten years of those high yields. , Large areas of gold-bearing ores; have been discovered In recent years In Colorado, South Africa, Russia and Alaska. It takes capital and machinery to work such mines; but the results are as certain as the working of coal mines a definite number of tons of ore will yield a certain quantity ot gold. The profits, therefore, are constant; and the expense of working the mines and reducers depends very much upon the amount of the ores worked up. This fact Insures a rapid extension of the mines and a correspondingly rapid- Increase of the output. The United States Geological Bureau estimates that the world's supply of gold will reach $210.000,f00 a year in a few yeurs from now. At the rate of present production ($200,000,000 a year)

almost one-third as much gold will be produced during the next five years as was produced during the 357 years from 1493 to 1S50. and nearly one-fifth as much as during forty-three years from 1S51 to

1S9I In fact, one will examine the growth of the great Industries a long way back In vain to find 'a parallel for the wonderful strides which have been made the past few years In gold production. IIIIITISII DUPLICITY. The London Times in a leading editorial explanatory of the Transvaal trouble says: "Equality of representation with taxation, language, law, responsibility of the administration to the legislature and the removal of religious disabilities are among the chief of the Uitlanders demands, while they, desire to maintain republican institutions." In the Boer language "Uitlanders" means foreigners, and when the Times formulates the foregoing as "among the chief of the Uitlanders demands" it implies that all the foreigners in the Boer country are united in them. This is not true. A recent dispatch concerning the situation from Johannesburg said: "The Americans and Germans are siding with the Transvaal government in the controversy over conceding rights to foreigners." . So it appears the English residents in the republic are not supported in their demands by other "Uitlanders." Another point of observation is that the English residents in the Transvaal republic have no right to make any demands whatever on the Boer government. That Is an Independent government, and the English are there by courtesy. They are foreigners, and if the Boers choose to say that aliens shall not vote, or, in other words, shall not be represented in the government they have a right to do so. In fact, they have a right to Impose any civil or religious disabilities on foreigners that they may see fit to do. The imposition of such disabilities may be illiberal and unwise, but an independent government has a right to be illiberal and unwise if It chooses to be. Even the British government Is not always liberal and wise. It is pretty clear that the British residents In the Boer country, many of whom are Interested in the gold mines, which produce about $40,000,000 a year, have "set up a Job" to overturn the Boer government. The talk about "taxation without representation," etc., is an Impudent pretense. That the lawyers fees in the trial of a pauper charged with manslaughter in a saloon brawl should be $4,200, as they were in a case reported in yesterday's paper, Is a gross Injustice upon taxpayers, and will tend to bring the legal profession into bad repute. .There -is no sort of reason why three lawyers should be employed on each side of such a case, and no sort of reason why there should be a change of venue In such cases unless the criminal courts exist for the benefit of those who are accused of crime and a class of lawyers who will take advantage of such cases. More than half the men who are accused and tried for murder or manslaughter plead inability to pay counsel. Thereupon two or three lawyers are paid to defend them. which is done as expensively as possible. The fees charged are three or four times as much as they would receive from private parties In civil cases demanding as much time and preparation. The high charges are made because the county is to pay, and it is the proper thing to charge taxpayers three or four times as much as Individuals. Whether one or five lawyers are employed, $500 Is a good fee either for the prosecution or the defense of a worthless person accused of killing In a brawl. Instead of wasting three or four days in such a trial, one day should be sufficient, and the whole expense should in no case exceed $1,000. In this case the lawyers charged $4,200. and the cost of the trial probably brings the total up to $6,000. There is neither sense nor Justice in such things. In fact, they are abuses which should be remedied by legislation if the people exist for any other purpose than to be taxed outrageously. It is somewhat singular that the "end less chain" which the President and Secretary Carlisle dwell upon as depleting the treasury never began to operate until after Democratic legislation, made the revenues of the government less than its expenditures. As long as the revenues were sufficient and the balance of trade in our favor the gold reserve was, undisturbed and the greenbacks were all right. It was Democratic blundering that brought the "endless chain" into operation. The Democratfc party is itself an endless chain of disaster. Senator Nelson, of Minnesota, was one of the two or three Republican members of the House which passed the McKinley law who voted against it. On Tuesday he made a speech in the Senate, declaring that higher duties on imports was the only remedy to keep gold in the treasury, and called attention to the fact that tens of thousands had been paid out for wool because the duty has been removed to the ruin of the woolgrowing Industry. This is an Indication of a change of sentiment produced by experience with the Democratic tariff act. The misleading character of the first dispatches sent from this country, to some British papers regarding public sentiment on the Venezuelan question and their subsequent enlightenment leads the Brooklyn Eagle to say: Tho Rrl.iah government, press and citizens now know thit New York is neither America nor American, and that much of its journalism is neither national, nor International nor local, but simply commercial. The faot has been enforced that what Chicago the metropolis of the country thinks is important and that what New Yoik think, is not significant of what the United Slates thinks at all. Ill HULKS IN TUB AIR. The A tinned IlruuKlBt. "Of course the materials in the prescription are not worth near the price, but we Charge for knowing how." "Oh! Well, thfre Is no doubt that you know how to charge." Vivid Imagination. "Those French songs are awfully wlckeJ, don't you think? I blush every time I hear one cf them." "I thought you dil not understand French." "I don't." The Corn fed Philosopher. "Tho baliheaded man. I take It," said the corn-fed philosopher, "always takas a frnnt.

seat at the cr ballet show to show that though his head is - cool, ha has a warm heart." Queer Cntte. He Ye?: I was out sleighing. And froze all my fingers. She (who wasn't along) I don't see how a young man can get the finders on both hands frozen.

The sixth annual report of tne Superintendent of the State Ranking Department of New York summarizes the resources of money institutions under the supervision of the department as follows: Banks of deposit ani discount, $303,250,5J3 ; savings banks, $7o2,51 1,250; trust companies, $393,532,391; safe deposit companies, $l,553,05S; foreign mortgage companies, $J7,G31,933; builJIng an! loan associations, $43,023,732. Total, $1,508,522,894. As this does not include national banks nor insurance companies it still falls considerably short of representing the sum total of that kind of wealth. A double wedding occurred on New Year's eve in a Michigan town, in which a father and his son married a widow and her daughter. Curious people can figure out the new relationships. TUB PROPOSED SEW IIO.NDS. The bonda ar comlnj? and the syndicate will get them also the handsome profit which might be secured by the people under a popular loan. Cleveland Leader (Rep.) Is there any reason why a new bond issue should be sold for less than the market price of the last" issue of 4 per cents? Is the Nation to be again discredited? Xew Y'ork World (Dem.) Try the people. Trust the people. Give the people a chance. Put the next loan on sale at the postofflces and no national loan will ever again be sold anywhere else. Cincinnati Tribune (Rep.) Think of it selling bonds-for 104, when bonds having a year less to run are IW.2 bid and 117 asked. Ouch! No wonder Uncle Sam has a grouch on him to-day. Cincinnati Commercial Gazette . (Rep.) The latest news from Washington Is to the effect that J. Pierpont Morgan has consented to keep tho government running a few months longer. This is Indeed a happy New Year. Chicago Tribune (Rep.) It is Just possible that people of this description will look upon the battle between the President and the Republican majority in the House with the same indifference that the old lady had touching the squabble between her husband and the bear.' They can see that it is to be bonds, bonds, bonds, in any event. Cincinnati Enquirer (Dem.) Neither the Democrats nor the Republicans are likely to approve any more con tracts with syndicates of bankers, mortgaging the resources of the country for many years to come, in preference to the methods proposed in the Republican bill. On that issue also, if it stood alone, the Democratic party would be overwhelmingly defeated. New Y'ork Tribune (Rep.) The President Is fully justified in concluding that he cannot count upon Congre?s whether Democratic or Republican, to aid him in maintaining the credit of the Nation. He would be derelict in his own duty, therefore. If he did not prove more faithful to his trust than Congress, and do all that ii la his power to protect the people from financial ruin. Louisville Courier-Journal (Dem. :.' The only thing the Senate can effect by refusing to pass the 'House bond bill will be to make the country pay more interest and to keep it easy to deplete the gold reserve. And those Representatives who voted against the bond bill because they are opposed to issuing bonds . in time of eace will soon see how little bearing such J vote as they cast has on that question. Louisville Commercial (Rep.J The country will sustain the executive in finding as best he can the means with which to do this (meet public obligations) without permitting a blot to stain the Nation's credit or hurt to come to the 'Nation's industrial life. The bond bill passed by the House would not be effectual to this end. Even if passed in tho Senate.'. the. .President ought to. veto it. He haaiadeouate resort in the existing statutes. Chicago Times-Herald (Ind.) t- r AIIOUT PEOPLK AXD THINGS. Queen Victoria's great-grandchildren, the first of whom arrived sixteen years ago, now number twenty-five sixteen boys and nine girls. A decrepit old woman, was recently released from the Cincinnati workhouse who had had five husbands, each one of whom had met a violent death. Mrs. Mercy Thorndike, of Rockland, Me., has been a pilgrim here below for ninetytwo years. She has moved her place of resldenccflfty-seven times and isn't permanently settled even now.. Miss Abb'e Gardner, the only living survivor of the Sioux massacre at Lake Okoboji, Iowa, In 1856, has secured from the Iowa Legislature an appropriation of $7,M0 for a monument to mark the spot. It is to be dedicated in a few weeks. Belgium proposes to facilitate marriage by reducing the legal age for both sexes to twenty-one years, instead of twenty-five for the man and twenty-one for the woman, as the law Is now, and by making the consent of the father alone necessary, instead of that of both parents. It may be of interest to learn that of the fourteen new stars discovered within the past three hundred years, four were discovered by Mrs. Fleming, of the Harvard Observatory namely, one in the con3tellation of Perseus, in 18S7; one in Norma, !n 1S93, and one each in Carina and Centaurus, during the present year. George A. Sala shared the opinion of Sir Walter Scott, who said that he did not care much about what he had written. He had supplied an editor with an article, and the editor asked him whether he would object to a few alterations being made in it. M. Sala wrote in reply: ."I have fulfilled my contract iu delivering to you the required weight of raw meat., How you cook it, whether you roast it, or boll It. or hash it. or mince it, I neither care nor want to know." The young Dutch malien, Maria Cvetskens, who now lies asleep at Stevenswerth, has beaten the' record in the annals of somnolence. On Dec. 5 she had been asleep 220 days. The doctors, who visit her in great numbers, are agreed that there is no deception in the case. Her parents are of excellent repute, and it has never occurred to them to make any financial profit out of the abnormal state of their daughter. As to the cause of the prolonged sleep, the doctors differ. French papers announce the offer for sale of the library of Renan. The library is divided into two parts, the first including the Oriental library, to whose collection Renan paid great attention, and containing books on the philology and history of the Oriental languages. The second part contains books on general philology, classical studies, the mi Idle ages, etc. Renan himself expressed a desire that the library, in case it should be sold, should be disposed of in a block, or at least that the books in tho Oriental part be kept together: but unless an offer is received by Jan. 1, 1S96, .the books will be sold separately. General Gomez, the leader of the Cuban Insurgents, is a study in repose and action. He is slender in build, not over 140 pounds in weight, about Ave feet seven in height, and straight as an arrow, although he Is sixty years old. His face is tanned, his hair and mustache are iron gray, his cheek bones are prominent and his chin Is llrm. His cool, calculating eyes seem at first to absolutely measure you, and then the face breaks Into a reassuring smile. His knee is stiff from a wound received in the last war, but In the saddle he Is simply a part of the horse, or, rathtr, the horse is a part of him, for he never seems to guide it. Menn Rrmnrk About a Peaceful Mim. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. It may be, a a contemporary observes, that Joseph Pulitzer ts a man whose personal Integrity has nevr been Justly assailed, but what well-conducted insurance company would guarantee the toppers on a dead nigger's eyes for less than 5a per cent, per annum during the period for which Joseph was allowed to be iu the vicinity of the remains? A I'm in 1 1 - Truttedy. Boston Transcript. A cable dispatch to-day received by M. H. Ouleaian. the well-known copper-cornice merchant of this city, breaks the sad news to him that of his family in Marash in Asia Minor, about thirty miles from Zietoun, live are in prison, one Is dead, and nine are wuded, while their house has been pil-laced.

THE ASIAN MASSACRES

FACTS All OUT METHODS AM) MOTIVES OF TUB TURKS IX ARMENIA. , Xot an OntlmrM of RellKloux Zeal, bat Deliberately PlannedArmenian to He Killed Off. The London Daily News prints a long letter in its issue of Dec. 17 concerning the masacres of Armenians by the Turk?. The writer, who is said to be as exceptionally well placed for learning what has been and is going on throughout Asia Minor as the embassador of any power In Europe, says: Certain persons in Europe and America have ascribed the dreadful massacres which have taken place in Asia Minor to sudden and spontaneous outbreaks of Moslem fanaticism. The truth is that these outbursts, while sudden, have taken place according to a deliberate and preconcerted plan. According to the statements of many persons, French, English, Canadian, American and native persons trustworthy and Intelligent, who were In the places where the masacres occurred, and some of them were wltuesse3 of the horrible scenes the massacres were strictly limited in regard to place, time, nationality of -the victims, and, generally, in regard to the method of killing and pillaging. With only four exceptions of consequence, the massacres have been confined to the territory of tho six provinces where reforms were to be instituted. When a band, of mounted Kurdish and Circassian raiders, estimated at from 1.0C0 to 3.0XS, approached to the boundary line between the provinces of Sivas and Angora, they were met and turned back by the lacal authorities and certain Influential Mussulmans of the latter province, who told the raiders that they had no authority to pass beyond the province of Sivas. The only places where outrages occurred outside of tho six provinces were, first, in the flourishing seaboard city of Trebizond; secondly, in Marash and Alntab, and in these places Moslem fanaticism was specially stirred by the success of the Armenian mountaineers of Zeitoun in defending themselves . against their oppressors and in capturing a small Turkish garrison; and, finally, in Caesarea; and here, as in the two places Just mentioned, the Moslems were excited by the nearness of the scenes of massacre, and by the reports of the plunder which other Moslems were securing. TURKEY'S REPLY TO EUROPE. The massacre at Trebizond occurred just before the Sultan, after months of every kind of opposition, was at last compelled by England, France and Russia to consent to -the scheme of reforms, as if to warn the powers of Europe that in case they persisted the mine was already laid for the destruction of the Armenians. In very fact, the massacre of the Armenians is Turkey's real reply to the demands of Europe. From Trebizond the wave of murder and robbery swept on through almost every city and town and village in the six provinces where relief was promised to the Armenians. When the news of the first massacre reached Constantinople a high Turkish official remarked to one of the embassadors that massacre was like the Smallpox they must all have it, but they wouldn't need to have it the second time; thus quietly, if not maliciously, hinting at what was to be expected. Even the Sultan, when striving to avoid assent to the schema of reforms, told the embassadors, by way of Intimidation, that troubles might ensue, and the event shows that he knew whereof he spoke. The victims were almost exclusively Armenians. In Trebizond there is a large Greek population, but neither there nor elsewhere, with possibly one or two exceptions, have the Greeks been molested. Special care has also been taken to avoid Injury to the subjects of foreign nations, with the idea of escaping foreign complications and the payment of indemnities. In Marash three school buildings, belonging to the American mission, were looted, and one building was burned, but the houses and the Girls' College, occupied by Americans, were not touched. In Kharput the school buildings and houses belonging to the American mission were plundered and eight buildings were burned, but none of the Americans were hurt, though shots were fired at two of them. In this place and in Marash. had the fanatical Moslems not been restrained by special orders, .they would probably have killed the Americans, since they regarded the Americans in these centers of educational and religious work as the chief agents in enlightening and elevating those whom they wished to keep as their docile and unambitious subjects and serfs. THE MOTIVE OF THE TURKS. The scheme of reforms devolved civil office, judgeships and police participation on Mahometans and non-Mahometans in the six: provinces, according to the population of each element of the locality. This was a bitter pill to those Mahometan Turks who had ruled the Armenians with a rod of iron for five hundred years. Hence, the resolution of the Turks was soon taken. It was to diminish the number of Armenians nrst. by dealing a vital blow at those most capable of taking a part in any scheme of reconstruction, and, secondly, by leaving as many as possible to dlo by starvation, exposure, sickness and terror during the rigor of winter. Surely, the arch flend coul! not have suggested a more-terrible and effectual method of crippling and ruining and terrorizing the Armenian Christians in tlia entire six provinces concerned. Some may wonder how the Turkish authorities should be so blind as to destroy such a large part or their best tax-paying subjects in eastern Asia Minor. And it is Indeed a wonder. The explanation is that fanatical hatred of those whom they had held so long in cruel submission and who were, according to the scheme of reforms, soon to enjoy somo reform of equality, was stronger than self-interest. Tho thought of the Turk was to make sure of the country and he could conceive no other way than by diminishing the number of Armenians and utterly terrorizing and impoverishing the survivors. But did not the Turks fear the intervention of Christian Europe? Not much; certainly not enough to keep them from carrying out an effective, abelt diabolical, plan of vengeance. And they had right not to fear very much, for did not 400,0j,000 Christians witness last year the slaughter in Sastoun of some thousands of Armenians by Turks and Kurds without extorting from the responsible Turkish authorities the punishment of a single man engaged in the diabolical work, or even the slightest indemnity for tho utterly Impoverished survivors? Nay. more, has not the Sultan laughed Europe to scorn by decorating Zezzi Pasha, commander of the troops engaged in the carnage, and Bahrl Pasha, the former cruel goveror of Van? And have not the Kurds been permitted to rob the survivors of the Sassoun massacre. . and even to destroy the little huts put up by British charity during the past summer? A REFINEMENT OF CRUELTY. But the refinement of cruelty appears in this, that while the Turkish authorities have thus deliberately aimed to exterminate, as far as possible, the Armenian clement in the six provinces, they have attempted to cover up their deeds by the most colossal lying and misrepresentation. By the publication of mendacious telegrams from provincial authorities, they have tried to make Europe and America believe that the Armenians have provoked these massacres by attacks on Moslem worshipers during their hours of prayer and by other like acts of consummate folly. It is true that on Sept. 20 some four hundred young Armenians, contrary to the entreaties of the Armenian patriarch and the orders of the police, attempted to take a well-wcrded petition to the Grand Vizier in t!ie main government building in Stambou', and this precipitated a conflict; it i? also true that the oppressed mountaineers of Zeitoun captured a small garrisjn of Turkish soMiers, whom, however, they treatrd with humanity; it is likewise true that in various places small bands of Armenians, driven to desperation by the failure of Euroje to secure the fulfillment of treaty stlpulatims in behalf of their people, have enraged the Turks by revolutionary attempts, and the Turks have retaliated by imprisoning, torturing and killing hundreds of Armenians, many of whom were innocent of any rebtlllous acts. The universal testimony of impartial foreign eyewitnesses is that, with the above exceptions, the Armenians have given no provocation, and that almost If not quite all the telegrams of the provincial authorities accusing the Armenians of provoking the massacres are their fabrication of names anil dates. If the Armenians made attacks, where are the Turkish dead? For while the Armenian vic

tims are numbered by the thousand, even the authorities have mentioned but a few as slain among the Turks, and those few were killed in only one or two places, and In self-defense, as at Diarbeklr. Is it possible that 7,0u0 unarmed and defenseless Armenianssheep among wolves would attack 23,oi Kurds end Turks In the city of Ritiis? Yet thfs was tne charge of the Turkish authorities a fitting device to cover up their bloody work. It is an utter mistake to fuppose, as many Europeans have done, that the local authorities in the cities of Trebizond. Erzerum. Erzingham, BStlis. Kharput. Arabkir. Sivas. Arnasia. Marsovan, Marash, Aintab and Caesarea could not have suppressed the faratical Moslem mobs and restrained the Kurds. The fact is that the authorities generally looked on while the slaughter and pillage were going on without raising a hand to stop it. save in one or two places, and the authorities did Intervene and stop the slaughter only when the limited period during which the Moslems were allowed to kill and rob had expired. At Marsovan the limit of time was four hours. Here, as in almost every city, the adult male Mussulmans performed their noonday prayer In the mosques, asking God to help them ia their bloody work, and then rushed upon the Christians. Within less than four hours the merciful Governor of Marsovan, with soldiers and police. Interfered And stopped the horrid work, but meanwhile 120 of the leading Armenian traders and business men had been killed and their goods stolen. In several places the slaughter and pillage continued from noon till sunset or later. At Sivas they continued for a whole day, and even afterward, for several days, some twenty-flve Armenians a day were killed. In every place, however, the cirnage was stopped as soon as the authorities maJe an earnest efTort to do so. Had it not been for the intervention of the authorities after the set time of one, two or three days, the entire Christian population would have been exterminated. And the bloody rwork was stopped, not because the Moslems did not desire to make a clean sweep of the Christians and pillage all their goods, but because those who Inspired the slaughter thought that one, or two, or three days of killing was about as much as Europe could stand at one time.

England's Flag. Somebody in London Truth has been "talking up" to the union Jack right on English ground in verses entitled. "Where Is tho Flag of England?" Some of the stanzas are: "The Maori full oft hath cursed it With his bitterest dying breath; And the Arab has hissed his hatred As he spits at its folds in death. The hapless fellah has feared it On Tel-el-Kebir's parched plain. And the Zulu's blood has stained it With a deep, indelible stain. It has looked upon ruthless slaughter. And massacres dire and grim; It has heard the shrieks of the victims Drown even the jingo hymn. Where Is the flag of England? Seek the lands where the natives rot; Where decay and assured extinction Must soon be the people's lot. Go! search for the once-glad islands. Where diseases and death are rife. And the greed of a callous commerce Now battens on human life! Where is the flag of England? . Go! sail where rich galleons come With shoddy and 'loaded' cottons. And beer, and Bibles, and rum; Go, too, where brute force has triumphed. And hypocrisy makes its lair; And your question will find Its answer. For the flag of England m there!". . AVIIY THE CHINESE SNEERED. The American Cunimlinloneri Traveled In Cheap and Shabby Style. Pekln and Tien-TEin Times. The event of the week has been the arrival and departure of the United States commission, traveling to Szechuen. The gentlemen forming the commission arrived In Tal-yuen-fu on Oct. 22. They were escorted by a troop of twenty soldiers, presided over by a Chinese captain. Their procession did not cut a very imposing figure, as the commissioners were traveling in mat litters (chlao-wo-tz), (he poorest and cheapest kind of litters used. This was done at the advice of an inexperienced missionary at Hwalluh, who recommended these Utters as more comfortable than any others which is open to question and apparently did not think that appearance was of any importance. Various comments were passed by the Chinese on the mode of travel: "The commissioners were doing it for economy's sake, wishing to pocket part of the sum allowed them for traveling expenses." was one opinion; and another was that "the commissioners were being conveyed like prisoners." The captain of the military escort expressed his contempt for these litters by saying "he would not ride in one," which was not quite true, as he was afterward seen in one. On their arrival at Tal-yuen-fu they do not seem to have made a great ImDression on the Chinese . officials, who consigned them to a dirty little Inn, having assured them that there were no Kun Kwans in the city for the use of officials traveling. Not many will believe that I should fancy. After a day and a half's delay the commission proceeded southward, and this time the commissioners, etc., occupied wooden litters (erh ma chu tzu), the best and most comfortable to be had. On the foremost litter the United States flag was bravely displayed, and a goodly procession of carts, with their Impedimenta, and the military escort made a better show than on their entrance into the city. It seems ungracious to offer a word of criticism, but at the same time the common feeling is that the dignity of the United States has hardly been maintained by the mode of travel adopted by the commissioners or the reception accorded to them by the Chinese, while at the rame time a great opportunity has been lost. It would be an impertinence to criticise the personnel of the commission, and there is not the slightest wish to do anything so ungracious. But would it not have been better if the commissioners, or at all events the consul, had been accommodated with chairs and bearers? Should not the Governor, or a Taotal specially appointed by him. have received the commission and conducted them to oneof the Kung Kwas specially kept for the use of his official guests? Should they not have been received with proper salutes and every mark of honor, such as would be accorded to any high Chinese official traveling on important business? And if these things could not have been obtained, would it not have been better to have traveled Incognito, only makinT the authorities responsible for securing their personal comfort and ?afety. 1 In Anglo-Saxon eyes it may seem an unnecessary fuss, but to the thousands of Chinese who have gazed upon the commissioners and heard of them the absence of those things which thev are accustomei to see in connection with their own rulers can only convey a most unfortunate and untrue impression with regard to the great nationality these gentlemen represent, and, indeed, of foreign nations generally. A peaceful, a harmless, and a most useful lesson might have been conveyed to the Chinese if the commissioners had Insisted upon being treated with the signs of respect always shown to high officials, and had been accommodated with chairs and lodgings suitable to their rank and Importance; as It K the needful lesson of the importance and power of other nationalities may have to be taught to the Chinese In a far more painful way. It is a point of comparative unimportance, but to show how the Chinese view things it may be well to mention that Lieut. Commander Merrill was considered tn be the head of the commission, by reason of the gold brail on his uniform, while the other gentlemen wore civilian clothes. IIIIITISII M'RPRISE. The Xnllva Do nt Vet I nrterntniid the Atuerlenii 1ltlon. London Letter in Boston Transcript. I have sail several times in this correspondence that England was particularly desirous in the present Jmcture to remafn on terms cf the closest possible frit ndlliss with the United .S:ate. I want to emphasize this point again right now, even in the face of the current threats of nostilitirs From Lord Salisbury djwn to the most Ignorant man who knows that ihere H sirh a thing is a Venezuela boundary dispute KnKi;.-hinen are amazed at the effect of the British reoly to Mr. Olney's note. I h.iv. no authority for saying that if this eiTect had hern foreseen Lord Salisbury's reply would have been courhed in much more moderate terms, but J have stroog suspicions that such Is the fact. . Br!tlh Prime Minister who will be false to a solemn pledge of protection given to a hejp'e-s People now perishing under the sword of a desjK)t, all because the keeping of that promise Involves the dancer of war, would hardly hesitite to modify his demands in a trumpery little quarrel under still greater perils of persistence. Iord Salisbury unquestionably believed when he sent his longdelayed reply to the statement of the American case presented to him last summer that he had wailed long rnoiuh for American opinion of the Venezuela dispute to subside Into absolute indifference. He has found out his mistake. It is true, unfortunately, that in this case, as lr all otturs where th? Knsrlish people are surprised by any outburst of anti-British sentiment In the United States, the explanation accepted on all shies 1 that It Is an insincere and emptv campaign demonstration. I do not suppose that this view is htdd'ln the British Foreign Office, where Its absurdity cannot fall to be perceived, but it

Is the conviction of tho peop'e at large. Englishmen rlmply cannot conceive cf iucli a message as that of President Clevelaii.l being bastd solely upon genuine and usHfish patriotism. In their search for motives they can find no other than the common one of political ambition and the erlgpTirir of domestic politics. They do not realixt that their theory is eomplrtely disprove 1 by the facts that Mr. Cleveland is almost certain not to be a candidate for re-e'.ection, that the elecion is eleven nvnths distant, and that his present policy hr.s received thus far as strong support frc:u the Republicans as from his own parly. Chauneey At. Depew hs un jonsciousiy done his country very great hcrm'by promoting this view of tne bea'.trg of th controversy upon domestic politJ'.. Mr. IjkvA" is better known to the Urit!j public that any other American citizen 'u private life. His opinion carries jcreat wti;;ht in th! country greater, perhaps, tlun 1. possesses In the minis o! his own cotr.ifya en an 1 it is regarded a representative 'pinion. Tho London papers yesterday qu vcu Mr. l)eper as saying, among other things, that "President Cleveland has taken the wind out cf the sails of the othtr rolltical leaders In this country, anl hat become simply in ono night the only possible candidate whom th Democrats ctn nominate tor the presidency." Both press ?tnd nubile in England ar taking their cue from this utterance, and the effect is to make the American attitude appear to 1h a very humiliating one in English eyes. Moreover, U robs the wholei issue of all seriousness in English estimation, ond leads such parxrs ns the Pall Mall Gazette to tifit the matter 9 huge international joke, whie thre l wme danger of carrying too far. Really, Mr. Depf w an2, other like him will do their country .a great service If they will confine their comments to the merits of th question, and not even indirectly Impugn the moties cf the ch'.ef mRistrate in an action which it Is only fair ant dignified to assume is taken without any partisan bias. AVAR, UP-TO-DATE XV A R.

Its Probable Horrors Wore thnn Man Ever Hub Known. Extracts from Engineering News. War meant one thing in the days of the Crusaders. It meant an entirely different thing when the North and South Joined issues in the bloody struggle that closed thirty years ago. What would it mean at the present day, when smoktless powder, magazine rifles, high explosives, machine guns and all tho countless death-dealing appliances which the last score .f years has develojed would Ie upplied to its prosecution? It will probably surprise many to learn that there will be few charges either cf cavalry or infantry in the battles of the future. The success of a charge always depends on the ability of the moving troops to cross the danger space and reach the enemy's lines without losses ferious enough to check the advance. There has been an enormous increase in the rapidity and effectiveness of infantry fire in the past ten years, or even the past five. The danger space is now so wide, the possibilities of rapid firing are so great and the killing power of the bullets so terrible that neither cavalry nor infantry could now reach Intrenched troops without being annihilated. We may even go further Knd say that the science of handling troops on a battlefield must be entirely revolutionized to suit modern weapons. The infantry rifle enables a soldier to fire a hundred rounds of ammunition ifi four minutes. The bullets will kill at a range of between one and two miles, and at point blank range will ietietrate sixty pine boards tach one Inch thick. Besides this, light field machine guns can pcur forth a perfect hail of missiles with unerring aim. A light-weight Maxim gun, weighing only twenty-five pounds, can flra six to seven hundred shots per minute with an effective range of two miles, or tho latest improved Gatling gun, with electric motor, eighteen hundred shots per minute are claimed. Heavier field pieces of longer range can deliver twenty-five to thirty sixpound shots per minute. It Is evident enough from these figures that to maneuver masses of troops upon a battlefield within sight of an enemy will be to invite their annihilation. The enormous velocity of modern projectiles will have a marked influence upon the fatalities of any future war. A bullet which which will penetrate sixty one-Inch pine boards will require heavy earthworks to protect troops and Held intrenchments cannot be made to afford protection with such rapidity and facility as in past wars. More important still, in firing against troops formed in mass, a single bullet may frequently kill several men. With the old ammunition. In countless cases, the soldier In the front rank fell, while the man behind him escaped unhurt. The risks nf naval warfare h.iv bfonT quite as great as those on land. The naval conflicts in the late Japan-China war showed that the pounding of an ironclad by an enemy's projectiles may do serious injury to the crew without greatly endangering the vessel Itself. The most important new element in naval warfare is doubtless the use of high explosives. It is now iosslble to fire from ordinary guns shells charged with high explosives, and It is believed that these will be extremely effective in the bombardment of land fortifications or cities. But high explosives, at the same, time, constitute the greatest danger to which modern battle ships are subjected. Torpedoes of the automobile class have already proved their powers of offerfe in the Chilian and Japanese wars, and these, with sunken mines and floating torpedoes, will probably prove a chief source of fatality to naval vessels ei.goglr; in coast attacks in any future war. In fact. It is quite possible, if not indeed probable, that the present floating fortresses on which the nations of the world chiefly base their naval strength will be rendered obsolete In a very few years by the advance in the uso of high explosives. War at the present day is quite, certain to be vastly more costly than the wars of past decades. A single great battle ship, when equipped ready for action, may cost four or five million dollar, as much as a. whole fleet cost In the days of sailing vessels. The pay of troops, aga'.n. will doubtless have to be on a more liberal scale In any futurv war. unless compulMjry enlistment is tdopted. and all governments will put off that measure as long as possible We may be sure that it will be Insisted upon In any future war that the soldiers and sailors who go out to risk their lives in their country's service shall receive pay that wou'.d have been accounted out of the question a generation ago. Inasmuch as future wars are likely to te much more fatal to those engaged, the pension bill to follow will be great in proportion. During the past quarter century an enormous Increase has taken place in th use of credit as a medium of exchange, and the great improvement and cheaenin in transportation facilities has dov bled and quadrupled or multiplied even more greatly the volume of trade, both domestic and international. Each community, each section, each nation his its property bound up with the fortunes of its neighbors in a way that was never before known in the history of civilization. Any interruption to the circulation of commerce, either Its arteries, the railway pnd steamship lines, or Its veins, the system of commercial credits and the currency, is at nce felt the world around. Only a few year ago financial disaster in one insignificant South American republic made an era of hard times that wes felt to a greater or lcs;i extent all over the world. In the North American Review of the present month Prof. N. S. Shaler. of the iawrence sm.iiiuhj rvuvwii i-huj . prcphecy that the "last gift of this century" may be he e:-tabllshment of some international tribunai whose object ' shall , be the settlement of International d'.fficul- . ties without recourse to arms. Every thoughtful student of human affairs must certainly ho;e that the prophecy, of the distinguished scirnti-. and engineer will ultimately be fulfilled, even though the fulfillment may be delayed until the next century has begun or is well on its course. Good Ail vice. Philadelphia Record. The European journals which reject the Monroe doctrine as untenable while acquiescing in th leekln? in of the Dardanelles by Turkev nhould follow more closely the rule laid down by the Kntucky editor to two wranellng members of his staff durln tl Franco-Tins Ian war: "Make your "ah-ticlfs cf.n-sist, l-oys; r.ake your i.t!cle:i c onsist." Mr. Qnlnliy's Error. Kansas City Journal. We take pleasure in informing the reading rur that Mrs. Quinryi arrangement to have the wi.rld crm tw'an end last Sunday night was ret successfully carried nvt. All reports to the contrary ate sensational and untrustworthy. An Incident of the Time. Chicago Tribune. This belnp li' ypar- r'nfI at tame time the year of r;enen-l flections, the public expects to 'hear Belva Ioekwool mak'.rg advance to the presidential nomination at a very early day. Soiue'Ihiy. Kansas City Journal. The Ch!cgo Tribune laments that tho Horseshoe fail are n the Canadian sMe. Never mlni. We will run a Schomburg line some day nnd take in the Horsvshoe. A avlng. Philadelphia Inquirer. Herr Ahlwarlt's anti-Semitic meetings In thl country are now being held In ureret.' This i economical. It saves e..