Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 December 1895 — Page 2

2

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1893.

der the direction of the President, In ae rordance with Section 231. of tho Revised Statutes."

SOME POINTED VIEWS. Carter, Wiley, Hoosevelt, Foster and Pettlsrrevc Spenk. NEW YORK, Dec. 21 Senator Thomas' II. Carter, of Montana, chairman of the Republican national committee, was at the Imperial Hotel to-day. In regard to the Venezuelan-British Guiana "boundary dispute he said: "As I understand it. and I believe the public does too, the commission will not be appointed to fix the boundary lines at all, but to let the American people know something about the nature of the dispute and the justice or Injustice of England's claims. That commission will not settle the dispute at all, although the language of the message so Indicates." Major II. 13. Gillespie, of Colorado, who Is at the Fifth-avenue Hotel, and expects to sail Wednesday with his family for Europe, laid that he was for peace. "I bellevo we can settle It without war," he added. "But If war does come, Colorado and the West will raise In a few days a million soldiers to overrun Canada. All of the young men In my State have telegraphed to the Governor their desire to enlist." ! General W. S. C. Wiley, who is on Governor Morton's staff, said: "I think at a moment's notlco we could put twelve thousand effective soldiers of the National Guard in the field." He added: "That is about ths fighting strength of our military force in this State. In case of war with England I have no doubt that the retired members of the guard would Join again and raise the effective fighting force to twenty thousand at least. They could be placed on a war footing at once. They are nearly all sharpshooters and of course they would become a crack corps. Never before in the history of our National Guard has the percentage been so high In the matter of snapshooting. The war against the South found the Northern volunteers most Inefficient In the use of firearms and that Is one reason why the South made such great headway at the first. In the South the youths were In tho habit of riding and shootln? and naturally they could use firearms more effectively in battle. Now the North has thousands of men who know how to handle firearms. In three months time or less, we could place in the field a million soldiers, well trained and better than any soldiers raised under an effete and tottering monarchy. They would be educated men and they make the best soldiers. I do not believe we will have war. It is a horrible thing to contemplate." ROO&sfcVELTS VIEWS. President Roosevelt, of the police board. saiJ: "I cannot too heartily pralse'the admirable message of President Cleveland. He and Secretary Olney deserve the utmost credit I am delighted that the House and Senate arose to the level of the occasion and acted in the spirit of broad-minded patriotism. People talk of relying on England's honor and fair-mindedness as a sufficient guarantee that she will not wrong Venezuela. I have never shared the popular dislike of England, but I have also never shared in those delusions about her which, though not popular, are In some quarters fashionable. England never lets a consideration of abstract right or morality to interfere with the chance for her national agrandizement or mercantile gain. I earnestly hope that neither the Chamber of Commerce nor any other body of reputable citizens will do anything that can even be construed into a failure to support to the fullest extent the American side of the pending question. And I would like to say right here that the talk of British fleets ransoming American cities Is too foolish to me for serious consideration. American cities may possibly be bombarded, but no ransom will be paid for them. It 13 Infinitely better to see the cities laid level than see a dollar paid to. any foreign foe to buy their safety. Moreover, a great many of our friends. In speaking of our naval weakness, seem to forget that we will settle the Venezuelan question, not In Venezuela nor on the seacoast. but In Canada. We might suffer a check or two at first, but . In time, and that a very short time, Canada would surely be conquered, and, once wrested from England. It would never be restored. I hope there will be no back down. We should stand right up to the position we have taken. No consideration, personal, political or fanatical, should Influence any of our people. We should stand right behind the President and Congress, and demand that the position we have assumed will be kept at all hazards. We earnestly hope there will be no war, but far worse than war would be a peace purchased at the cost of any loss of national self-respect." FIFTY-FOUR FORTY OR FIGHT." Hon. Charles Foster, of Ohio, cx-Secre-tary of the Treasury, who is stopping at the Fifth-avenue Hotel, said: "Mr. Cleveland's message was quite a surprise to the country. He has been pandering to British sentiment so long, and his policy seemed so un-American In the dealing of the administration with other countries that the sharp way in which he takes up the Venezuelan question Is refreshing as it Is pleasant to every one. His- message is patriotic through and through and It meets with general approbation. It is time that some one called John Bull to time. lie has been gobbling up land right and left and seems to revel in territorial aggrandizement. But things ore not going to end this time as they did in 1846, when England bluffed us out of a big strip of land In the Northwest. The Democrats then carried on their banners the words: 'Fifty-four forty or fight They had as clear a title to the land in question as could have been conceived of, but they finally yielded to the bluster of the British lion and lost 400 miles of sea coast and all the territory to the east for 2.0CO miles. All they received In exchange for it was enough to make two counties In Maine. England would not have had a single port on the Pacific coast had the Democratic leaders shown as much backbone as they seem to have now. The Republicans will promptly rally. to the support of Mr. Cleveland. I do not believe, however, that we shall have war. The sober second thought of both nations will assert Itself and England will find some way of backing down with a show or dignity. The United States will certainly not take a step back." THE ROBBER OF THE WORLD. Senator It. F. Fettigreir, of South Dakota, who is stoplng at the Fifth-avenue Hotel, said: "England will probably bribe the way with the Venezuelans to a settlement of the boundary dispute. And once the Venezuelans agree with the English about the liife, then what wa have done In the matter will seem more or less ridiculous. It will make a laughing stock of us. Why. England could invest a half million or so of dollars In Venezuela In the way of bribery or purchase money and soon settle the dispute in regard to the boundary line. . This is more probable than a war with us. England has much to lose by going to war with us, and I believe she will hesitate a long time before she does go. In the first place, she imports some P), 000,000 more than she exports, which S.10WS that she Is not a proI tiuclng but a purchasing country. Of course, England is a creditor nation and her capitalists lie back and buy these imports with Interest money. Many ships and many agents are required in the business of importing to England. Part of these Imports would be cut off in case of war with us, because this country furnishes much to England. Of course, England could get along without products from this country, but sae would feel It." The Senator criticised England as a bulldozing nation. "Of all the countries In the world," said he. "England I the greatest bully, and the mon domineering, arrogant and oppressive. With great and ferocious celerity they swoop down on African tribes and weak semi-barbarous people, slaughtering and sweeping them from the face of the earth. They blow Sepoys from the cannon's mouth; they rob. they spoliate, and. their hands are against all tho weaker nations of tho earth. England to-day is Che great, common, general robber of the world, and Is never satisfied unless stealing from o.n weaker country- We may have trouble about Alaskan territory, where England, like the greedy robber she is, Is endeavoring to steal some of it. Now. I think we should simply drive the English off our Alaskan territory with soldiers and not await fjr any arbitration or diplomacy. If we remain Inert. England will yet steal some of cur Alaskan country." BOARD OF ALDERMEN. The Board of Aldermen, by a vote of 15 to 11, to-day refused to table a resolution indorsing the action of President Cleveland on the Venezuelan boundary question. The resolution as adopted follows: "Whereas. Circumstances have arisen which involve the rixht and Ju:ire of one of the recognized principles of this government: a rut Whereas, the Hon. Grover Cleveland. Pre-ldeat of the United States, realizing

the importance of maintaining the autonomy of the American republics, has, in defending this principle, upheld the dignity and honor of the United States, "Resolved, That the Board of Aldermen of the city of New York heartily indorse his action." The Independent, which will be Issued Dec. 25, will say editorially: "War? No, a thousand times no. God forbid I It is a thought too -monstrous to be seriously entertained. War with England? Impossible: she is our mother country- We are of one blood, one race, one language and one civilization. Our frequent expressions of Jealous impatience with her only proves the sincere attachment that exists at the bottom. War with England? Far be It from it. War with the United States? Her own kin, with whom the bonds of peace have so long remained unbroken England cannot tolerate the thought. It ought to be Impossible. Have we cultivated reason during all the centuries since we left the shades of barbarism to dethrone It now for an appeal to the sword? Those who welcome war talk like fools; those who grow hilarious over the prospect of It are merry with insanity. We are not beyond the province of diplomacy. England has given us no ultimatum, nor has she given Venezuela an ultimatum. It Is not cowardly on our part to refuse to participate in a conflict. It is moral cowardice not to persist In a peaceful negotiation. We do not propose abject surrender. We propose to stand by the Monroe doctrine. England gave her cordial assent to It once, why not again? Let us have faith that honorable peace will be secured, and let the hotheads on both sides of the Atlantic who are conjuring up the spectre of war be treated as chattering magpies." JfOISY, MASS 3IEETISG.1

Speakers Doth Cheered and Hissed J' Lyman Abbott's Address. NEW YORK, Dec. 23. EleVen hundred people assembled In Cooper Union to-night for tho purpose of condemning President. Cleveland's message to Congress over the Venezuelan boundary line question. Ernest H. Crosby presided. He spoke of the Monroe doctrine as follows: "We are heTe to assert all that stands for the dignity of, the American people and to counteract the froth at the mouth that has become epidemic and taken hold of the people. We are here to protest against the errors of the President of these United States." (Prolonged hisses and applause.) The -tumult that followed seemed for the moment as If it would break the meeting. Cries of "put him out," "get out" and the liko were heard from all parts of the hall. Meantime applause continued. Just as quiet had been restored the speaker continued: "What is the Monroe doctrine It is not the doctrine of Monroe, it is not the doctrine of Grover Cleveland, It is the doctrine as interpreted in American history. When I was investigating Egypt I was scandalized to And that Egypt paid an annual tribute of $3.U00,0W. for which it received no return from Turkey, to which It was paid, and who was stealing It. In the past we have not been better off. Have we not stolen California and Arizona? (Wild cheers.) Have we not stolen Texas?" Mr. Crosby went on from this to declare that the whole flurry was the logical outgrowth of the war spirit that has been gradually growing in this country, and which Is putting the schoolboys In uniforms and building ships that we. at least, ought not to need. Rev. Dr. Lyman Abbott, of r" Church. Brooklyn, was the next rpeaker. Dr. Abbott said that Mr. Olney says that if Great -Britain is allowed to gain possession of three hundred square mlies of land 2.500 miles away, she will use It es a basis for operations to push acquisitions. Such a statement, t.ie speaker said, was ridiculous, because she has already thousands of miles that she could use if so disposed. "Nor is this a question of duty due a downtrodden sister republic," said the speaker. "Since Venezuela became a republic, fifty years ago, she has been in the throes of Internal strife. On the other hand, British Guiana has always been a peaceful nation, and should the boundary of one be decreased or the boundary of the other increased is a matter that does not concern us. (Hand clapping and shouting.) "I stand here to-night." said he. "to indict this acceptance of the Monroe doctrine as characteristically and spiritually unAmerican. America Is the peace nation of the world." ' Henry George was the next speaker. He said. In part: "What reason is there for this war? I believe in the Monroe doctrine and have stood for it. TJils. however. Is not the Monroe doctrine, and that doctrine and what Grover Cleveland calls the Monroe doctrine is but a travesty on It. and an utter nbsurdltv. I do not believe Cleveland used Democratic methods with his message,, and I hardly think he even presented it to his Cabinet." (Cries of "Ye?, he did" and "No. he didn'V came from all quarters of the hall.) Continuing, he said: "Our business Is to mind our own business. If wo want to interfere in anything let us do it where there is a principle at stake. The advocates of this war scare do not mean war. They are playing at politics." Charles Frederick Adams denounced President Cleveland and his Venezuelan message severely. His remarks were received with a storm of hisses. Rev. W. G. Illlss, assoclatist advocate of Boston, and Franklyn Pierce also made short addresses. At the conclusion of thelast address, the secretary read a letter from Dr. R. Heber Newton, protesting against war, and also a resolution, which was put and voted for and against In the same voice. It was dclared passed, however. The resolution In substance is that the chairman of the meeting and the speakers are appointed a committee to secure the widest possible opinion to oppose the warlike methods of the President. The Venezuelan question was taken up at the regular Paptlst Minister' Conference to-day. The Rev. Dr. F. R. Morse, of the Calvary Baptist Church, was appointed a committee to bring in a resolution expressing the wishes of the minister in favor of peace. The motion to appoint such a committee was vigorously opposed by several members. ' When Mr.' Morse returned with the resolutions and read them the Rev.J. Brlnkerhoff arose and made an enthusiastic speech in favor of sustaining the President, who, he said, was not in favor of war, but was trying to bring about a peaceful settlement of the dispute. Moderator J. II. Dudley, who presided, said that Cleveland's message contemplated nothing else but war. The Rev. Dr. T. Cowell made a speech of a like tenor. Several of the younger preachers sustained the objections, and said that the resolutions reflected upon the "President of the United States. A lively discussion followed, and when the resolutions were put to a vjte they were laid on the table by a vote .of 22 to 12. In the resolutions was this clause: "Wh-eas, the question of disagreement made by the President of the United States and accepted by Congress Is unworthy the thought of a great nation like America." A committee of Ave was appointed to prepare a set of resolutions to be reported at the meeting on next Monday. At a largely attended meeting of Tammany Hall to-night resolutions were adopter! indorsing President Cleveland's attitude on the Venezuelan boundary dispute. The resolution follows: "Resolved, That the Tammany Hall organization of the city and county of New York hereby expresses its full approval of the well-considered, statesmanlike and patriotic message of th President of the United States on the Venezuelan boundary question, and. speaking on behalf of the majority of the citizens of this metropol's it pledges to him as the trustee of a united nation a most loal and unwavering support." , OPPOSRD TO WAn. Resolutions Adopted liy the American Pence Society. BOSTON, Dec. 23. The American Peace Society, of this city, which includes among Its members Hon. Edward Atkinson, Hon. Robert Treat Talne, Mrs. Julia Ward Howe and others, to-day, at a meeting, passed the following resolutions: "War between the United States and Great Britain is a moral Impossibility. Neither nation, surely not our Nation, can bo guilty of the awful crime of attacking the other. "Threats of war by the United Stales. is worse than a stupendous blunder. Christianity, civilization, humanity condemn not merely war, but threats of war. "Justice between nations is good, and especially by the powerful for the weak. Magnanimity inspires our country to seek Justice for Venezuela from Greit Uiltaln. The Monroe doctrine means. Urst. the safety of the United States, and. secondly, the protection of this hemisphere from European oppression. But our safety is assured beyond question, by our power. It is inconceivable folly to so extend the Monrce doctrine that boundary disputes of undent origin, growing out of the doubtful documents of data beyond our ken must Imperil tho peaceful progress of Christian civilization. What madness to embroil our and in the constant dissensions of the Spanish, Portuguese and mixed races of South America! "Our government has done well to Intervene by honorable, diplomatic appeals and protest, including urgent requests for arbitration. After diplomacy has failed, two great nations must always arbitrate if the quarrel be grievous. "The exact Venezuelan boundary sinks Into insUnincance measured against the peace of the English-speaking people principals. War between thera would check

civilization, inflame malignant passions, inflict immeasurable suffering on the masses of the people, the millions of workingmen and women even now 'Struggling hard to earn bread for their families. "The golden rule condemns war and these threats of war. The rulers of both lands are in fault. Both nations must recede. War between two nations of brothers, leaders of the world in Christian civilization, is impossible. We appeal to the Christian conscience and common sense of our people to do all in their power to maintain Inviolate the existing and steadily growing sentiments of amity and peace between English-speaking nations." B-MM AMERICA WOlLD WIJf.

Irving: 31. Scott on What Would Happen In Event of War. SAN ;FRANCISC0, Dec. 23.-Irving M. Scott, President of, the Union Iron Company, who built the Olympla and several others of the best American war ships, says that In the event of war between England and America, this country would come out on top. "There Is no question of England's great strength on the water," said Mr. Scott, "but It is not always the strongest navy that gets away with a battle. A lucky shot will turn the tide of the fight when the danger seems the greatest. England might make a dash at us first, but. In the end, we would whip her. We have the advantage of her, that she would have to come over to fight us. By the time her battle ships crossed the Atlantic they would be short of fuel, and it would be necessary to reload. The English war ships would make for Halifax, and our efforts would be to Intercept them. The first great naval battle would take placo off the mouth of the St. Lawrence river. Our people would cross Canada and force the British to send reinforcements there. The English would no doubt attempt to lay siege to Buffalo, Milwaukee. Chicago ana other lake cities. They would send their small ships Into the lakes to attack our cities, their object being to maintain their frontier by compelling us to stay at home. Then our objective point would be the Welland canal. With the canal destroyed, connection with the lakes would be closed, and the British fleett shut out. In my Judgment, if war is declared, every effort would be made on the part of our armies to get into Canada before a sufficient force could be gathered there to stop their progress. Canada is a vulnerable place to us. and England -would be obliged to bring troopps over to defend it. The transportation of troops from England to America would be no easy task. The transports will have to be conveyed by cruisers and battle ships, aftd the speed would be that of the slowest ship In the fleet." LACK UNIFORMITY. Oar Army and ary Small Arms and Signal Codes Differ. WASHINGTON, Dec. 23. Lieutenant Niblack, in charge of the naval militia division of the Navy Department, has called attention of the authorities urgently to the serious inconvenience and confusion that is apt to rise in case our military and naval forces are called into Joint action, as they must be in a defensive war, growing out of the lack of uniformity in small arms and signal codes. The army is armed with the Kragg-Jorgenson rifle of thirty caliber, while the new navy has contracted for a supply of Lee magazine rifles of twenty-three-caliber, so that the same kind of ammunition will not serve both arms and grave mistakes are apt to occur in Issuing it to the men. lieutenant Niblack suggests in the interest of the naval militia, as well as on broader grounds, that it would be well if the army and navy would settle as soon a practicable, by competitive tests, which Is the better weapon that of the army or navy-nd stop at once the making of the least desirable arm. In the case of the signal codes, where there Is a like conflict, he says the army used the naval code for twenty-five years with the greatest success. When a change was made, the navy followed, but after a fair trial, was obliged to abandon the present army code and return to the original code. The navy cannot use the army code. The army can, and has used the present naval code. Admiral Roe Not Disloyal. WASHINGTON, Dec. 23. Rear Admiral Francis Roe, retired, against whom charges were made to the Navy Department of disloyal criticism of the President's message, has voluntarily written a statement to the department, saying that while he did speak of the bad condition of our coast defenses In the course of a conversation with a person whom he did not suspect of being a reporter, he had not in any manner referred to Venezuelan affairs, and resented the attempt by Inuendo and forced Inference to cast doubt on his loyalty. He refers to his splendid war record, and says that If such . men are traitors the country wants more of them. - Admiral Bralne, who has been called on to explain away similar charges, has ncH been heard from, and if he declines to admit or deny the interview the matter must be dropped. New Ilnven Prenehers. NEW HAVEN. Conn., Dec 3. At the United Ministers meeting to-day the policy of President Cleveland on the Venezuelan matter was , discussed and a committee was appointed to draft resolutions .to be presented at the meeting next Monday. The members of the committee are ex-Rev. Frank N. Tucker, Kev. D. N. Griffin and Itev. F. W. C. Myer. Mr. Tucker and Mr. Griffin yesterday preached sermons condemning Mr. Cleveland's policy, fo it can. be inferred what the nature of this resolution will be. Mr. Griffin said the country neds better statesmen and better newspapers. for the policy advocated by many now is dangerous to the morals of American youth and Is a national rowdyism. Refused to Indorse Cleveland. BOSTON, Dec. 23. The board of aldermen to-day refused to indorse the' Monroe doctrine and the policy adopted by President Cleveland In tha Venezuelan matter. The common council last Thursday night passed a' resolution in support of Mr. Cleveland and the Monroe doctrine. To-day the question of concurrence came up before tho alJermen. Alderman Folsom, Republican, moved the indefinite postponement of their resolution, and declared the action of the council a foolish one. The motion prevailed. 7 to 5, the Republicans supporting the motion. G. A. It. Post Wlllinff to Fight. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. DUBLIN, Ind., Dec. 23. At the last meeting of William A. Boyd Post, No. 123. the following resolution was unanimously adopted : "Resolved, That we unanimously, indorse the sentiments of our chief magistrate in his patriotic determination to defend the Monroe doctrine, to place this country as a shield to human liberty, and that we tender to him our services In time of need." Cleveland Inlomd at Decatur. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. DECATUR. Ind.. Dec. 23. At a meeting of Sam Henry Po3t, G. A. It., In this city, Saturday evening, the following resolution was unanimously adopted: "Resolved, That this Post indorse the President in his utterances on pending questions of great national importance, and pledge our services to the support of the government In its interpretation and enforcement of the Monroe doctrine." Professors Agulnst Cleveland. NEW YORK, Dec. 23. Prof. W. J. Burgess, who has for many years been connected with Columbia College, and now fills the chair of professor of international law, made the statement to-night that there was not a professor In Columbia with whom he had talked who does not hold the view that President Cleveland's Venezuelan message was a serious blunder. WHAT KIPLING SAID OF VS. Not Pleasant lteeause So Unflattering; ly Near the Truth. Washington Capital. Do you remember what Mr. Kipling has had to say of us and our navy, and of any possible war that we might have and after all of the utter impossibility of our having any war. This clever British youngster puts It Interestingly. "Try to believe," he says, "an irresponsible writer when he assures you that China's fleet to-day. If properly manned, could waft the entire American navy out of the water Into the blue. The big fat Republic that Is afraid of nothing, because nothing up to the present date has happened to make her afraid. Is as unprotected as a Jellyfish. Not Internally, of course It would be madness for any power to throw men into America; they would die but as far as regards coast defense. From five miles out at sea (I have seen a test of her fortified ports a ship of the power of H. M. S. Colllngwcod would wipe out any or every town from San Francisco to Long Branch; and three flrst-cla Ironclads would account for New York. BarthoMl statue and all. "Reflect on this. 'Twould be 'Pay up or go up' round the entire coast of the United

States. To this furiously answers the patriotic American: 'We should not pay. We should invent a Columblad In Pittsburg or or anywhere e!se and blow any outsider Into hell!' "They might invent. They might lay waste their cities and retire inland, tor they can subsist entirely on their produce. Meantime, In a war waged in the only way it could be waged by an unscrupulous power, their coast cities and their dockyards would be ashes. They could construct their navy inland, if they liked, but they could never bring a ship into the waterways as they stand now. "They could not, with an ordinary water patrol, dispatch one regiment of men six miles across the seas," says Kipling. "There would be about five millions excessively angry men pent up within American limits. These men would require ships to get themselves afloat. The country has no such ships, and until the ships were built New York need not be allowed a single-wheeled carriage within her limits. "Behold now the glorious condition of this republic which has no fear. There Is ransom and loot past the counting of man on her seaboard alone plunder that would enrich n nation and she has neither a navy nor half a dozen first-class ports to guard the whole. Pity it is that she is of our own blood, looking at the matter from a Pindarrls point of view. Dog cannot eat dog. "Unfortunately we, the English, will never be a people to teach her that she can't whip all the earth, because she is a chartered libertine allowed to say and do anything sne likes, from demanding the head of the Empress In an editorial waste-basket to chevying Canadian schooners up and down the Alaska sea. It Is perfectly impossible to go to war with these people, whatever they do. They are too nice, In the first place, and in the second It would throw out all the passenger traffic of the Atlantic and upset the financial arrangements of the English syndicates who have Invested their money in breweries, railways and the like, and In the third It is not to be done. Everybody knows that, and no one better than the Americans." DEATH OF STEPNIAK

TUB FAMOUS EXILED RUSSIAN KILLED BY. A RAILWAY TRAIN. Noted Advocate of Equal Political nights and a Writer of Ability Bloody Battle nt Zeltonn. LONDON, Dec. 23. Surglus Stepnlak was killed to-day by a passing train while walking over a level railway crossing at Chlswlck. j Sergius Michael TargomanofC Stepniak was born in 1811 at Hadjatsch, in the Ukraine mountains, and came of a seminoble family, descended from the Cossacks of Little Russia. From 1JG9 to 1863 he was a student at Kieff, and he published several works during that time, which were prohibited by the government in 1862. In 1870 he became a professor at the University of Kieff, but was removed from his chair by the government three years later. He was exiled in 1876 on account of his criticism of the system pursued by Count Tolstoi, one of the Ministers of Justice, and he thereupon settled in Geneva, writing various popular . works In the Little Russian dialect. He-began to work hard for the establishment of equal political rights in Russia, and declared against socialism as well as absolutism. Some of his principal works aTe "The Turks Within and Without," "Tyrannicide In Russia" and "Little Russian internationalism." He has also contributed much to the magazines on the Eastern European peoples. He has written as well works on ethnography, history and literature of Little Russia, and with M. Antonowitch, has edited a collection of "Little Russian Fo'.k Lore." BATTLE AT ZEITOUN. Both Turks and Armenians Said to Have Lost Heavily. BERLIN, Dec. 23. The Frankfort Zeltung publishes a dispatch from Constantinople saying that there has been fierce fighting at Zeitoun between the Turkish troops who surrounded that city. and the Insurgent Armenians who defended It. Both sides are said to have lost frightfully. The Turks were ten thousand strong and had twentyfour pieces of artllleryj ; The Armenians numbered fifteen thousand, but they had no artillery. 1 ' ': The Mansncre "t Bltlls. BOSTON, Dec. 23. The first detailed account of the massacre or Armenians at Bitlls has reached this city from a correspondent writing from eastern Turkey. The writer says: "The outbreak began when the Turks went to the mosques at noon. Contrary to custom, the Turkish storekeepers closed and locked their shops before going to prayer. This alarmed the Armenians, who had already been threatened with massacre, and they began to close their shops also. The police interfered to prevent this. Some of the Armenians ran away to escape. Then a Turk named Yuluf fired a gun and the people ' rushed out of the mosques and began the attack upon the shops. The massacre which followed was the work of officials. The troops were called to the work by the bugle and they were stopped by the bugle."Another correspondent, writing from Constantinople, asserts that the massacres, under men ordered from the palace, are to be confined, with some possible exceptions, to the six provinces embraced in the scheme of reforms, and unless some change is made in the Sultan's attitude towards the provinces In this direction it is not probable that the dreadful experiences which have fallen upon the provinces In Armenia will be reneated in those nearer the capital. It Is difficult to understand fully the long period of inaction maintained by the European powers. It is believed here the reason for this is that they find it difficult to aree on the question of the partition of the empire in case it is decided to make an end of Ottoman rule. Ever since these unhappy negotiations began hopes of something to be done in the future have been held out. but the great efforts of the powers have seemed to be how they could keen in concert in the business of doing nothing at all. Victims of Massacres. LYNN, Mass., Dec. 23. Several Armenians who came from the same part of eastern Turkey and who are employed at Ira S. Franklin's morocco factory In this city, received a cablegram to-day that the members of their families were among the victims of the recent massacres. Trlnl of Filibusters Postponed. SAN FRANCISCO. Dec. 23.-The steamer Australia to-day brings the following from Honolulu, under date of Dec. 16: The trial of Underwood, alias Morrow, and Sheridan, the two alleged conspirators. was postponed this morning for one week.' Tne government denies the report that the men will be allowed to leave the country without trial. It is claimed a good case can be made out, which will Implicate several men in San Francisco. The prisoners are kept in close confinement. The vacancy In the Supreme Court caused by the death of Justice Dlckerton will probably be filled by A.'S. Hartwell. The President and Cabinet, and Council of State and Bar Association aro unanimous In choosing Hartwell, who was on the Supreme Bench before. The Chess Tournament. ST. PETERSBURG, Dec. 23. The LaskerTschlgorin game, postponed from Saturday, resulted, after forty-five moves, in a draw, Lasker played a Ruy Lopez. The present score - stands: Lasker and Pillsburv, each; Stelnltz and Tschl.corln, IV. each. A German Lntvrer Mlatilnjx. BERLIN, Dec. 23. A sensation has been caused by the fact that Dr. Frits Friedmann, one of the best-known lawyers here, is missing. There are rumors of a scandal In connection with the disappearance. Shipments of Cpal. PITTSBURG. Dec. 23. Between 5.000,000 and 6.000,000 bushels of coal got away today for the South and half as much more will leave to-morrow. After all this has gone there will be millions left in the harbor, awaiting the return of the fleet. Rlvermen are praying for a continuance of the rain that another shipment may be made before ice closes the river for the season. Family Killed by Apaches. PHOENIX. A. T., Dec. 23.-News reaches here that Pearly Ellison and his family were murdered by Apaches in Lower Pleasant valley In the mountains, 140 miles east of here, nearly a week ago. The sheriff's po that killed Xaintago. the Apache sub-chief, several weeks ago, started in pursuit and the settlers have been apprehensive of an Apache raid ever since.

THE DHED SCOTT CASE

MIL .CHAFFEE, OWNER, OF THE SLAVE, LIVIXO IX MASSACHUSETTS. For Many Years He Was In Their Service nnd Finally Was Given Ills Time, If Not Ills Freedom. Springfield (Mass.) Letter In New York Times. There is still living In this city a woman who forty years ago had a most intimate concern in what was perhaps the most celebrated legal contest that this country ever knew. This Is Mrs. C. C. Chaffee, who was the owner of the slave, Dred Scott, the outcome of whose suit for freedom aroused so much excitement thrughout the country and without doubt hastened the opening of the civil war. Mrs. Chaffee, then Mrs. Dr. John Emerson, did not take an active part In the management of the case, and. Indeed, the ownership of the slave Is recorded In almost every history of the trial as being another J person's, but both in this and in several other points Mrs. Chaffee's reminiscences bring out corrections to the generally accepted accounts. That her story is true. Is shown by the fact that Its details are corroborated by many of the older citizens of this place who were familiar with the matter at the time It occurred, and also by the historical accounts themselves, which are very apparently contused by an incomplete understanding of Mrs. Chaffee's family relations. Mrs. Chaffee is of an old Virginia family, being born in September, 1S13, in the Shenandoah Valley, where her father, Alexander Sandford, was a large Iron manufacturer. In her family there were two brothers and five sisters, all of whom became prominent and prosperous in later life. Of the brothers, John F. A. Sandford built up a fortune In the American Fur Company, and later in the iron business, and Captain Joseph Sandford, who went into the navy, is now living in retirement at Sandford, Conn. Besides Mrs. Chaffee, he is the only one of the family now alive. The five sisters were exceedingly handsome women, and all but one married army officers, being thrown Into their companionship at Washington, where their father at one time held a good position. One married General James Barnes, of this city, who became prominent in the civil war; a second. Major John Clark, who died during the Mexican war from yellow fever; a third. Colonel Henry Bainbrldge, and a fourth, Sam Ransom, of Albany. Mrs. Chaffee was first married in 1838 to Dr. John Emerson, a surgeon in the regular army, whom she met while v!sitlng her sister, 'Mrs. Clark, whose husband was then stationed at Fort Wichita, on the Red river. Dr. Emerson was the owner of Dred Scott, and when he died, in lSt3, he left him and his family, with all the rest of the property, to his widow. There was one child by the marriage, a daughter, now Mrs. King, of Albany, and with her Mrs. Chaffee went to the home of her father, who was then living in St. Louis, and lived there until his death, about five years after that of Dr. Emerson. She then came on to live w!th her sister, Mrs. Barnes, in this city. Here, in 1850, she married Dr. C. C. Chaffee, and has lived here with him ever since. THE SLAVE'S OWNER. Though generally quite strong, considering her age, Mrs. Chaffee has been confined pretty closely to the house in recent years on account of trouble with her eyes, which, at one time, rendered her nearly blind. She is a large woman, and In appearance carries her age very well, her hair in particular being still comparatively dark. She does not like, however, to go over that part of her history which has to do with the famous trial, because at the time it caused her very considerable trouble and annoyance. Although not. strictly speaking, an abolitionist, her sympathies were largely with the slaves In their efforts to be free, and her light against Dred Scott, which was really caused by an entirelv different reason than a wish to deprive him of his freedom, put her in an unfortunate position, especially as her second husband. Dr. Chaffee, was at the time of the final decision of the case a Republican member of Congress, and the fact that his wife was owner of the slave attracted unfavorable notice. Immediately after the case had been decided in her favor Mrs. Chaffee showed her true attitude toward the matter by freeing both Dred Scott and his family. In fact, the detailed history of the case Is fully as creditable, to say the least, to Mn. Chaffee as to Scott, who was far from worthy of the national sympathy he received, either as a-person or as regards his motive for bringing the suit, according to Mrs. Chaffee's story. Dred Scott, as Mrs. Chaffee remembers him. was a small and rather insignificantlooking darky of middle age at the time of the trial, having been born In 1S10. He had no particular trade, but was a good personal servant and a very fair cook, and able to do the odds and ends of work which were expected of every negro. For the rest he was apparently Just what is known by the expression "an ordinary nigger." He was shiftless and careless to the -last degree .and in addition he was fond of drink and had a passion for gambling, the last being one of his most marked characteristics. It was his love of gaming. In fact, which Indirectly led to his purchase toy Dr. Emerson. Scott was first owned by a Mr. Blow, of St. Louis, father of Congressman Henry T. Blow, who became later " the United States minister to Brazil. His master was accustomed to let him out to do various Jobs around town, particularly for sawing wood. In this way Scott was accustomed to earn 75 cents a day, half of which he was allowed for himself, and half of which went to his master. Very often, however, this plan failed, as the ' negro would get gambling on the street and lose the whole sum. For this his master was accustomed to chain him up in his cellar and whip him, apparently with small . effect. It was Just after one of these flogjrlngs that Dr. Emerson, then a young physician practicing on his own account in St. Louis, happened to see the slave in the cellar, who begged him so plteouslv to buy hlnv that he finally consented and paid Blow $400 for him. He did the act merely out of compassion for Scott, as he held no other slaves, and had no particular need for one. WOULDN'T RUN AWAY. ' Dr. Emerson employed Scott around his office until, in 1834, having been appointed as an army surgeon, he took him with him to Rock Island, 111., where he had been ordered. Although Scott had ample opportunity In going Into this free country to leave his master, he took no advantage of it, though he evidently knew of his chance, and was, at one time in particular, urged to accept it if he saw fit. This special opportunity came about In this way: On being transferred to the allurements of military life, Dred did not show any disposition to mend his ways, but, on the contrary, allowed himself more and more dissipation In the way of his favorite sin of gambling. To correct this disposition Dr. Emerson finally threatened that he would wh'.p him after the next offense. Immediately after, Ssott went out, and, in one fell swoop, lost his shotgun, his watch, and his suit of clothes over the festive board. Compelled by the necessities of the case to tell his master, he was told by the latter to prepare for his flogging. "Dr. Emerson." said the negro, "ef yo tech me with that whip I'll run away." "All right," Raid the doctor, "you run." and he proceeded with the ceremony. Then, taking the negro to the door, he pointed across the river and said: "There's the state of Illinois, Just step across there and you'll be ree." When the doctor went to dinner, .Fcott appeared as usual behind his chair. "I thought you were going to run away," said Dr. Emerson. "Guess I know enough not to run away from home," replied Scott, and he made no more threats of doing so. But Dr. Emerson did more than act as a kind master to Scott: he provided him with a wife, and both this wife and her child were Included In Scott's suit for freedom. This woman, known as Harriet, was the property of Major Taliaferro, who was stationed at Fort Snelllng, on the west bank of the Mississippi, In the Territory whicn has now become the State of Minnesota. Here Dr. Emerson was transferred in 1836, and took Dred Scott with him. The latter, on meeting Harriet, desired to marry her, and to satisfy him Dr. Emerson bought the woman, although, still being a bachelor, he had no possible need of two slaves, and they were married. In 1S3S there was a reduction in the number of staff officers in the army, and those at Fort Snelllng drawing lots to see who would remain In the service. Dr. Emerson got a blank and was compelled to leave. On the way down the river a daughter, Eliza, was born to his slaves while still north of the Missouri line, their only other child, Lizzie, being born seven years later at Jefferson Barracks. Mo. Dr. Emerson staid in St. Louis a while after leaving the army, and then bought a large farm In Davenport, la., where he Intended to settle, but after he

had owned it but a short time, in December, 1S43. he was taken suddenly ill and died. The property was left entirely to the widow, and proved to be an ample one. Dred Scott, with his wife and child, were the only slaves, but there was considerable real estate, including the farm at Davenport and some forty acres of land near St. Louis. The latter piece of property has since been built over by St. Louis, and if it had been held until to-day would have been worth at least J2.0u0.UuO. The estate was quickly settled up, however, and both of these holdings were sold, the only property retained being a town house In Davenport, which Mrs. Chaffee held until within a few years, and the slaves. These were taken bv Mrs. Chaffee's brother-in-law. Colonel Bainbrldge. and kept with him in his various stations on the frontier for some three or four years, when they returned to St. Louis. John F. A. Sandford. Mrs. Chaffee's brother, was the executor of the estate, and it was In this capacity that he acted as defendant in Scott's suit, and not. as is generally stated In the histories, as Scott's owner. ORIGIN OF THE FAMOUS SUIT. On the negro's return to St. Louis he was practically his own master. In fact, Mrs, Chaffee, determining, on the death of her father, to go East to live with ner sister, and considering that It would be Impossible to bring the slaves with her into Massachusetts, told Scott that the only thing she asked of him was that he take care of his wife and family well. Scott supported himself by odd Jobs around the city, and It was due to one of his employers that his suit was brought. This man was a young lawyer, around whose office Scott did some work, and who, on hearing the history of Scott's life, thought he saw a chance to make a paying client out of nim. The suit for Scott s freedom was accordingly brought in 1848, based on some technicality, but really to secure Scott's freedom on the plea that when he had gone north of the Missouri line he had become free, and to secure ray for his services since that time. Scott had some $200 or $300 saved up. and this, with the money alleged to be due for wages for fourteen years, which would amount to some $1,700. appeared to offer the lawyer a sufficient reward for his services. The loss of Scott and his family would have been nothing to the estate, as they were practically already free, and they would nava undoubtedly been Immediately freed legally, as they were at the close of the trial, if it had not been for the demand for back wages. Even then the case would have probably been compromised in some manner if it had not been for a peculiar occurrence, which happened to take place just before the suit was brought. This was the wholesale flight of all the negroes belonging to the Chouteau family. Into which John Sandford had married. In all seventeen escaped in one night and got over Into Illinois, and from there to Canada, and the family was so angry over the matter that its members persuaded Sandford to fight out the Scott case till the last. Accordingly, Sandford took up the matter on his own account, in a measure, and carried it on, Mrs. Chaffee not knowing much about It. and. Indeed, supposing it all settled at the time when It first began to attract attention by its appeal to the United States Supreme Court. Mr. Sandford, being a wealthy and generous man. paid, himself, all the costs of the suit In the lower courts, and so, naturally, came to be written down as the owner of the slave. The case went against the estate In the iocal court at St. Louis, previous decisions In the Missouri courts having been that -a slave was freed by being taken into a free State. It was taken into the Supreme Court, where, after being lost sight of for a long time, it was taken up in 1852 and the decision of the, lower court reversed. Scott's lawyer then appealed to the United States Circuit Court, which was given Jurisdiction by the fact that the plaintiff and defendant were residents of different States.' When It came up here the State Supreme Court was again sustained. By this time the importance of the case was coming to be recognized, and the Interest began to be aroused which made it famous, rt was argued in the Supreme Court at Washington in the December term of 1S."3. and again In the same term of 1856, the lawyers being Montgomery Blair and George T. Curtis for Scott, and Reverdy Johnson and Harry S. Geyer for the estate, none of these charging for their services. The decision of the court, given Just after the inauguration of President Buchanan In 1ST.7, startled the North by asserting that a regro, free or slave, had no rights before the law, and by practically annulling the Missouri compromise, by asserting that a slave owner could take his slaves Into any part of the , United States that he pleased., A small suit started to make a little money for a young lawyer had roused a country. But the lawyer got Dred Scott's little savings, and immediately-efter the final decision Scott received his freedom. 1 Since that time Mrs. Chaffee has heard but once of Dred Scott, and that was Just after his death, which took place at Ft. Louis some time during the war, when his widow wrotf on. asking if she would let her come East and work for her. Mrs. Chaffee wrote back that she had no place for her, and since then she has heard nothing of the family. SERIOUS OASTTALTIES

ACCIDENTS OF VARIOUS KIXDS THAT CAUSED DEATH ASD IXJUIIY. Three Tramps Killed and Seven Railway Emplorea llndly Hurt Rollins SHU -Men Covered with Hot Slag. CHATTANOOGA, Tenn., Dec. 23. A headend collision occurred this morning at 4:25 o'clock on the Cincinnati Southern railway between two heavy freight trains at Cardiff, both trains running at the rate of fifteen miles per hour. Three unknown tramps were killed. J. S. Brewer, white, brakeman on the north-bound train, was fatally Injured and the following were seriously hurt: Robert Crlste, engineer, of Chattanooga; J. Heath, fireman, Somerset, Ky.; Will Newman. Ernest McCIellan, firemen; H. Carter, James Westcott, engineers, all of Chattanooga. Two engines pulled the south-bound train, followed by a disabled engine, and the north-bound also carried a disabled engine. The engines were badly knocked out. Both trains carried sixty-one cars, which were badly wrecked. The railroad authorities estimate the loss to be between $6,000 and $8,000. VICTIMS OF DYNAMITE. Two Men Killed and Five Fatally Hurt by nn Explosion. CHICAGO, Dec. 23. A dynamite explosion occurred this afternoon on section fourteen of the drainage canal about one mile from the small town of Romeovllle. Two men were Instantly killed and five fatally and two seriously Injured. The dead are: James McKnight and Daniel McAllister. The fatally injured: George MeFitrlck and John McFItrlck brothers; Barney O'Rourke, Loui9 Kearny and John Micbete. The seriously hurt are Michael Harrison and Hugh O'Rourke. The mangled remains of the men killed were removed to the town of Lockport. The Injured victims were taken to St. Joseph's Hospital, at Joliet, on the first train after the accident. The men were preparing a blast with dynamMe cartridges one man holding a drill, while another tapped It gently, forcing the dynamite down into the hole prepared by the drill. The blast was almost ready for firing when a blow too hard or a blow too many was given, and the two men who were preparing the blast and seven others who wire working close by went up into the air. The two men killed were literally torn to pieces, and the others were shockirgly mangled. EIGHT WORKMEN IllRXED. Gm Exploded and Threw Hot Slntr Over Itolllnsr Mill Employes. PITTSBURG, Dec. 23.-By an explosion of gas at Shoenberger's rolling mill, on Fourteenth street, at 4 o'clock this morning, eight men were burned, one of them fatally. The names of the injured are: Thllip Bowman, colored, fatally; Fred Lear, Michael Kelly, William Mooney. Anthony McNally, Joseph Rodman. David Scott and a man whose name is unknown. The men were working at the bottom of a blast furnace. When the gas exploded it forced the hot slag, which accumulates In the cupalo over the sides. Before the men could get out of the way the hot metal poured out over them. Bowman was badly burned all over the body and the rest suffered severe injuries about the face and hands. niown t'p with Powder. PERRY, O. T., Dec. 23. A deputy marshal who arrived from the Osoe country to-day brings news of a serious accident to the four Dunn brothers Saturday evening. They were in a wagon In pursuit of some lawbreakers, when & large can of powder Lc-

MUNYON Dr. King Tells How He Was Cured of UiiEUM'ATISM

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Price, 25c Positive Cures for Asthma, Piles, Fcmalo Troubles and all special forms of Blood and Nervous Diseases. Munyon's Remedies at all druggists. mostly 27c a vial. Munyon s v Italizer restores lost powers to weak men. Trice, 21. Personal Jetters to Prof. Munyon. iw. Arch street. Philadelphia, Pa., answered with free medical advice for any disease. nited and all four men were blown h!gh in the air. One of them was hurt so oaaly oy the explosion that he soon died, and th others are said to be fatally injured. The Dunns were once friends of the outlaws who did work along the Creek country line, but several months apo they accepted commis sions from the United States government for killinir Bitter Creek and Tulsa Jack, two members of the Dal ton gang. ' Five Lnborera Injured. DAYTON, O., Dec. 23. Five laborers were Injured, ooe fatally, at the Malleible Iron works this morning. The men were at work; on a track between buildings, and a ir loaded with pig iron was pushed towards) them, crushing them against the walls unt:i stonned bv an arDlication or tne cranes. in victims are: David Renk, internal injuries nrohablv fatal: Andrew Yost, back an4 chest crushed; Amos Moss, colored, arms and collar bone lnlured: Henry -Anderson. colored, shoulders and chest crushed; Henry Proctor,, head crushed. The Elevated Railway Accident. CHICAGO, Dec 23. Three nersons wera probably fatally Injured in an accident oa the Metropolitan "L" road this morning at Forty-eighth street and West Harrison. Those Injured are: W. H. Grady, mutoruan; Wm. R. King, conductor; jonn senirer. passenger. The motorman lost control of his snnaratus. and a combination passenger car went over the bumpers and down to the street, twenty feet below. Schiller wis the only passenger aboara. Down an Elevator Shaft. CINCINNATI, Dec. 23. John A. 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