Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 December 1895 — Page 2

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1895.

based on the recommendations of the maritime conference of Washington, and concurred In, suggesting Marcn 1, IS33, as the date to be net by proclamation for carrying these rules Into general effect, her Majesty's government, having encountered opposition on the part of British shipping Interests, announced its inability to accept the date, which was consequently canceled. The entire matter Is still in abeyance, without prospect of a better condition in the near future. n Tho commissioners appointed to mark the International boundary in I'assamaquodiy bay, according to the description of the treaty of Ghent, nave not yet fully agreed. .THE .ALASKAN BOUNDARY. The completion of the preliminary survey of that Alaskan boundary which follows the contour of the coast from the southernmost point of Prince of Wales ( Inland until !t strike the one-hunJral-and-forty-first meridian at or near the summit of Mount St. Ellas, awaits further necessary appropriation, which Is urgently recommended. This survey was undertaken under provisions of the convention entered Into by this country and Great Dritaln July 22, 1SD2, and the supplementary cot ventlon of Feb. 3, 1&4. As to the remaining section of the Alaskan boundary, which follows the one-hunJred-and-forty-flrst meridian northwardly from Mount St. Ellas to the frozen ocean, the settlement of which Involves the physical location of the meridian mentioned, no conventional agreement has yet been made. The ascertainment of a given meridian at a particular point is a work requiring much time and careful observations and surveys. Such observations and surveys were undertaken by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in 18U0 and 1&31, while similar work in- the same quarter under Hritlsh. auspices are believed to give nearly coincident results, but these surveys have been Independently conducted, and no International agreement to mark these or any other parts of the one-hunJred-and-forty-flrst meridian by permanent monuments has yet been made. In the meantime, the valley of the Yukon Is becoming a highway through the hither unknown, unexplored wilds of Alaska, and abundant mineral wealth has been discovered in that region, especially at or near the Junction of the boundary meridian with the Yukon and its lriDdtaries. In these circumstances it is expedient, and. Indeed, imperative, that the Jurisdictional limits of the respective governments in this new region be speedily determined. Her Britannic Majesty's government has proposed a Joint delimitation of the one-hun-dred-and-forty-flrst meridian by an international commission of experts, which, if Congress will authorize It and make due provision therefor, will be accomplished with r.o unreasonable delay. It Is impossible to overlook the vital importance of continuing the work already entered on, and supplementing it by further effective measures looking to the exact location of this entire boundary line. I call attention to the unsatisfactory deUminatlon of the respective Jurisdiction of the United States and vne Dominion of Canada In the great lakes at the approaches to the narrow waters that connect them. T?;e waters in question are frequented by fishermen of both nationalities, and their nets are there used. Owing to the uncertainty and Ignorance as to the true boundary vexatious disputes and injurious seizures of boats and nets by Canadian cruisers often occur. While any positive settlement thereof by an accepted standard is not easily to be reached, a Joint commission . to determine the line In those quarters on a practical basis, by measured courses following range marks on shore, is a necessity for which immediate provision should be made. THE VENEZUELAN QUESTION. It being1 apparent that the boundary dispute between Great Britain and the republic of Venezuela concerning the Hmit3 of British Guiana was approaching an acute stage, a definite statement of the interest and policy of the United States as regards - the controversy seemed to be required, . both on its own account and in view of its relations with the friendly powers directly concerned. In July last, therefore, a dispatch, was addressed to our embassador at London, for communication to the British government, in which the attitude of the United States was fully and distinctly set forth. The general conclusions there reached and formulated are In substance that the traditional and established policy of this government Is firmly opposed to a forcible increase by any European power of its territorial possessions c'n this continent: that this policy is as well founded in principle as it is strongly supported by numerous precedents; that, as a consequence, the United States is bound to protest against the enlargement of the area of British Guiana in derogation of the rights and against the will of Venezuela; that, considering the disparity In strength of Great Britain and Venezuela, the territory in dispute between them can be reasonably settled only by friendly and Impartial arbitration, and that the resort to such arbitration should include the whole controversy, and is not satislied if one of the powers concerned Is permitted todraw an arbitrary line through the territory in debate and to declare that it will submit to arbitration only tho portion lying on cne side of it. In view of these conclusions the dispatch in question called on the British government for a definite answer to the question wi-ether it would or would not submit the territorial controversy between Itself and Venezuela In its entirety to Impartial arbitration. The answer of the British government has not yet been received, but is expected shortly, when further communication on the subject will probably be made to the Congress. In last year's message I narrated at some length the Jurisdictional questions then freshly arisen in the Mosquito Indian strip of Nicaragua. Since that time, by the voluntary act of the Mosquito nation, the territory reserved to them has been Incorporated with Nicaragua, the) Indians formally subjecting themselves to be governed by the general laws and regulations of the republic, instead of by Jheir own customs and regulations, and thus availing themselves of a privilege secured to them by the treaty between Nicaragua and Great Britain of Jan. 28. 1660. - After this extension of uniform Nicaraguan administration to the Mosquito strip the case of the British vice consul. Hatch, and of several of his countrymen, who had been summarily expelled fium Nicaragua and treated with considerable Indignity, provoked a claim by Great Britain on Nloaragua for pecuniary indemnity, which, upon Nicaragua's refusal to admit liability, was enforced by Great Britain. While the sovereignty and jurisdiction of Niaragt.a was in no way questioned by Great Britain, the former's arb'.trary conduct In regard to British subjects furnished the ground for this proceeding. A British naval force occupied, without resistance the Pacific seaport of Corlnio, but was soon after withdrawn on the promise that the sum demanded would be paid. Throughout this incident the kindly offices of the United States were Invoked, and were employed In favor of a peaceful settlement and as much consideration and indulgence toward Nlcaragua as were consistent with the nature of the case. Our efforts have since been made the subject of appreciative and grateful recognition by Nicaragua. THE CVI1AX IXSUIIUECTIOX.

Sympathiser Wurnrd Xot to Violate the Neutrality Laws. Cuba Is again gravely disturbed, an insurrection In some respects more active than the last preceding revolt, which continued from 1SC8 to 1ST3, now exists In a Urge part of the eastern interior of the Island, menacing even some populations on th coast. Besides deranging the commercial exchanges of tho island, of which our country takes the prominent share, this flagrant condition of hostilities, by arousing sentimental sympathy and inciting adventurous support among our people, has entailed earnest effort on the part of this government to enforce obedience to our neutrality laws, and to prevent the territory of the United States from being abused as a vantage ground from which to aid these In arms against Spanish sovereignty. Whatever may be the traditional sympathy of our countrymen as Individuals with people who seem to be struggling for larger autonomy and greater freedom, deepened, as such sympathy. naturally must be, in behalf of our neighbors, yet the plain' duty of their government is to observe in good faith the recognizing obligations of lnternat.onal relationship. The performance of this duty should not be made more difllcult bv a disregard on the part of our citizens of the obligation growing out of their allegiance to their country, which should restrain them from violating as individuals the neutrality which the Nation of which they are members Is bound to observe in rekitlons to a friendly sovereign state. Though neither the warmth of our people's sympathy with the Cuhan insurgents nor cur loss and material damage consequent on the endeavor thus far made to restore peace and order, nor any shock our human sensibilities may have received from the crutlti which appear to especially characterize this sanguinary and fiercely conducted war have In the least shaken the Csurznlnatlcn of the government to honest

ly fulfill every International obligation, yet It 13 earnestly hoped, on every ground, that the devastation of arme conflict may speedily be stayed and order and quiet restored to the distracted island, bringing In their train the activity and thrift of peaceful pursuits. One notable instance of Interference by Spain with passing American ships has occurred. On March 5 last the Allianca. while bound from Colon to New York, and following the customary track for vessels near the Cuban shore, but outside the three-mile limit, was fired on by a Spanish gunboat. Protest was promptly made by the United States against this act as not being Justified by a state of war nor permissible in respect of vessels on the usual paths of commerce, nor tolerable In view of the wanton peril occasioned to, Innocent life and property. This act was disavowed, with full ex presslon of regret, and assurance of nonrecurrence of such Just cause of complaint, while the offending officer was relieved of Ills command. Military arrests of citizens of the United States in Cuba have occasioned frequent correspondence. Where held on criminal charges, their delivery to the ordinary civil jurisdiction for trial has been demanded and obtained In conformity with treaty prevision, and when merely detained by way of military precaution under a proclaimed state of siege, without formulated accusation, their release or trial has been insisted upon. The right of American consular officers In the Island to prefer protests and demands in such cases having been questioned by the insular authority, their enjoyment of the privilege stipulated by treaty for the consuls of Germany wa3 claimed under the most favored nation provision of our own convention and waj promptly recognized. The long-standing demand of Antonio Maximo Mora against Spain has at last been settled by the payment, on the 14th of September last, of the sum originally agreed on In liquidation of the claim. Its distribution among the parties entitled to receive it has proceeded as rapidly as the rights of those claiming the fund could be safely determined. The enforcement of differential duties against products of this country exported to Cuba and Porto Illco prompted the immediate claim on our part to the benefit of the minimum tariff of Spain in return for the most favorable treatment permitted by our laws as regards the products of Spanish territories. A commercial arrangement was concluded In January last securing the treatment so claimed. Vigorous protests against excessive fines Imposed on our ships and merchandise by the customs officers of the Islands for trivial errors have resulted in the remission of such fines in instances where the equity of the complaint was apparent, though the vexatious practice has not been wholly discontinued.

TURKISH OUTRAGES. Everything Possible Han Been Done to Proteet Americans In Armenia. Occurrences in Turkey have continued to excJte concern. The reported massacre of Christians in Armenia and the development there and in other dl&tricts of a spirit of fanatic hostility to Christian influence naturally excited apprehension for the safety of the devoted men and women, who, as dependents of the foreign missionary societies in the United States, reside In Turkey under the guarantee of law and usage and in the legitimate performance of their educational and religious mission. No efforts have been spared In their behalf, and their protection in person and property has been earnestly and . vigorously enforced by every means within our power.' , I regret, however, that an attempt on our part to obtain better information concerning the "true condition 6f affairs in the disturbed quarter of the Ottoman empire, by sending thither the .United States consul at Siras to make Investigation and report was thwarted by the objections of the Turkish government. This movement on our part was, in no, sense, meant as a gratuitous entanglement of the United States in the so-calleu Eastern question, nor as an officious Interference with the right and duty which belong by treaty to certain great European powers, calling for their intervention in political matters affecting the good government and religious freedom of the ncnmussulman subjects of the Sultan, but It arose solely from our desire to have an accurate knowledge of the conditions in our efforts to care for those entitled to our protection. The presence of our naval vessels, which are now In the vicinity of the disturbed localities, affords opportunities to acquire a measure of familiarity with the condition of affairs and will enable us to take suitable steps for the protection of any interests cf our countrymen within reach of our ships that might be found imperiled. The Ottoman government has lately Issued an Imperial Irade exempting forever from taxation an American college for girls at Zicutarl. Repeated assurances . have also been obtained by our envoy at Constantinople that similar institutions maintained and administered by our countrymen shall be secured in the enjoyment of all rights and that our citizens throughout the empire shall be protected. The government, however, in view of, existing facts, is far from relying upon such chances as the limit of its duty. Our minister has been vigilant and alert In affording all possible protection In individual cases where danger threatened cr safety was imperiled. We have sent ships as far toward the points of actual disturbance as It is possible for them to go, where they offer refuge to those obliged to flee, and we have the promise of the other powers, which have ships in the neighborhood, that our citizens as well as theirs will be received and protected on board those ships. On the demand of our minister orders have been issued by the Sultan that Turkish soldiers shall guard and escort to the coast American refugees. These orders have been carried out, and our latest intelligence gives assurance of tho present personal safety of our citizens and missionaries. Though thus far no lives of American citizens have been sacrificed there can be no doubt that serious loss and destruction t of mission property have resulted from riotous conflicts and outrageous attacks. By treaty several of the most powerful European powers have secured a right and have assumed a duty not only in behalf of their. own citizens and in furtherance of their own interests, but as agents of the Christian world. Their right is to enforce uch conduct of the Turkish government as will restrain fanatical brutality, and their duty is to Interfere so as to Insure against such dreadful occurrences in Turkey as lately shocked civilization. The powers declare this right and this duty to re theirs alone, and it is earnestly hoped that prompt and effective action on their part will not be delayed. The new consulates at Erzerum and Harpoot, for which appropriation was made last season, have been provisionally filled by trusted employes of the Department of Scale. These appointees, though now in Turkey, have not yet received their exequaturs. THE WALLER CASE. France nefune to Submit the Evidence Adduced at the Trial. The customary cordial relations between this country, and France have been undisturbed with the exception that a full explanation of the treatment of John It. Waller by the expeditionary military authorities of France still remains to be given. Mr. Waller, formerly United States consul at Tamatave, remained In Madagascar after his term of office expired, and was apparently successful in procuring business concessions from the Hovas of greater or less value. After, the occupation of Tamatave and the declaration of martial law by the French, he was arrested on various charges, among them that of communicating military information to the enemy of France, was tried and convicted by a military tribunal and sentenced to twenty years' imprisonment. Following the course Justified by abundant precedents, this government requested from that of France the record of the proceedings of the French tribunal which resulted in Mr. Waller's condemnation. This request has been complied with to the extent of supplying a copy of the official record, from which arpear the constitution and organization of the court, the charges as formulated, and the general course and result of the trial, and by which It is shown that the accused was tried in open court and was defended by counsel. But the evidence adduced In support of the charges which was not received by the French Minister for Foreign Affairs till the first week In October has thus far been withheld, the French government taking the ground that its production in response to our demand would establish a bad precedent. The efforts of our embassador to procure it, however, though impeded by recent changes In the French Ministry, have not t een relaxed and It is confidently expected that some satisfactory solution of the matter will shortly be reached. Meanwhile It appears that Mr. Waller's confinement has every alleviation which the state of his health and all the other circumstances of the case demand or permit. In agreeable contrast to the difference above noted respecting a matter of common concern where, nothing is sought except such a mutually satisfactory outcome as the true merits of the case require, in the recent resolution of the French

Chambers favoring the conclusion- of a permanent treaty of arbitration between the two countries. An Invitation has been extended by France to the government and people of the United States to participate in a great International exposition at Paris in 12i) as a suitable commemoration of the close of this, the world's marvelous century of progress. I heartily recommend its acceptance, together with such legislation as will adequately provide for a due representation of this government and lt3 people on the occasion. A HIT AT PROTECTION.

German Restrictions on American Trade Used as nn Argoment. Our relations with the states of the German empire are, in some aspects, typical 'of a condition of things elsewhere found in a country whose productions and trade are similar to our own The close rivalries of competing industries; the Influence of the delusive doctrine that the Internal development of a nation is promoted and its wealth increased by a policy, which in undertaking to preserve its home markets for the exclusive use of Its own producers, necessarily obstructs heir sale in foreign markets and prevents free access to the products of. the world. The desire to retain trade in timeworn ruts regardless of the inexorable laws of new needs and changed conditions of demand and supply, and our own halting tardiness In Inviting a freer exchange of commodities and imperiling our footing in the external markets naturaly open to us have created a situation somewhat Injurious to American export Interests not only in Germany, where they are perhaps most noticeable, but in adjacent countries. The exports affected are largely American cattle and other food products, the reason assigned for unfavorable discrimination being that their consumption is deleterious to the public health. This is all the more irritating in view of the fact that no European state Is as Jealous of the excellence and wholesomeness of its exported food supplies as the United States, nor so equally able, on account of inherent soundness, to guarantee those qualities. Nor are these difficulties confined to our food products designed for exportation. Our great insurance companies, for example, having built up a vast business abroad and invested a large share of their gains in foreign countries, in compliance with the local laws and regulations then existing, now find themselves within a narowlng circle of onerous and unforeseen conditions and are confronted by the necessity of retirement from the field, if, indeed, they are not summarily expelled, as some of them have lately been from Prussia. ,It is not to be forgotten that international trade cannot be one-sided. Its currents are alternating and its movements should be honestly reciprocated. Without this most necessary principle it degenerates Into a device to gain advantage or a contrivance to secure benefits with only the semblance of a return. In our dealings with other nations we ought to. be open-handed and scrupulously fair. This should be our policy as a producing nation, and it plainly becomes us as a people who love generosity and the formal aspects of national good faith and reciprocal forbearance. These considerations should not, however, constrain us to submit to unfair ' discrimination nor to silently acquiesce in, vexatious hindrances to the enjoyment of our share of the legitimate advantages or proper relations. If an examination of the situation suggests such measures on our part as would involve restrictions similar to those from which we suffer, the way to such a course is easy. It should, however, by no means be lightly entered on, since the necessity for the inauguration of such a policy would be regretted by the best sentiment of our; people, and because, it naturally and logically might lead to consequences of the gravest character. I take pleasure in calling to your attention the encomiums bestowed on those vessels of our new .navy which took part in the notable ceremony of the opening of the Kiel canal. It was fitting that this extraordinary achievement of the newer German nationality should be celebrated in the presence of America's exposition of the latest developments of the world's naval energy. CHINA AXD JAPAN'. Uncle SanVa Services Appreciated by Iloth Countries Rioters Punished. . The close of the momentous struggle be tween China and Japan, while relieving the diplomatic agents of this government from the delicate duty they undertook, at the request of both countries, of rendering such service to subjects of either belligerent within the territorial limits of the other as our neutral position permitted, developed a domestic condition in the Chinese empire which has caused much anxiety and called for prompt and careful attention. Either as a result of a weak control by the central government over the provincial administrations, following a diminution of traditional governmental authority under the stress of an" overwhelming national disaster, or. a manifestation, on good opportunity, of tho aversion of the Chinese population to all foreign ways and undertakings, there have occurred in widely separated provinces of Chlsa serious outbreaks of the old fanatical spirit against foreigners which, unchecked by the local authorities, if not actually connived at by them, have culminated in mob attacks on foreign missionary stations, causing much destruction of property and attended with personal injury, as well aa loss, of life. Although but one American cltltzen was reported to have been actually wounded, and although the destruction of property may have fallen more heavily on the missionaries of other nationalities than our own, it plainly behooved this government to take the most prompt and decided action to guard against similar or perhaps more dreadful calamities befalling the hundreds of American mission stations which have grown up throughout the interior of China under the temperate rule of tolera tlon, custom and imperial edict. The demands of the United States and other powers for the degradation and punishment of the responsible officials of the respective cities and provinces who, by neglect or otherwise, had permitted uprisings, and for the adoption of stern measures by the Emperor's government for the protection of the life and property of foreigners, were followed by the disgrace and dismissal of certain provincial officials found derelict in duty, and the punishment by death of a number of those adjudged guilty of actual participation in the outrages. This government also insisted that a special American commission should visit the province where the first disturbances occurred, for the purpose of investigation. This latter1 commission, formed after much opposition, has gone overland from Tlen-Tsin, accompanied by a suitable Chinese escort, and by its demonstration of the readiness and ability of our government to protect its citizens, will act, it is believed, as a most influential deterrent of any similar outbreaks. Tho energetic stops we have thus taken are all the more likely to result in future safety to our citizens in China, because the imperial government is, I am persuaded, entirely convinced that we desire only the liberty and protection of our bwn citizens and redress for any wrongs they may have suffered, and that we have no ulterior designs or objects, political or otherwise. China will not forget either our kindly service to her citizens during her late war or the further fact that, while furnishing all the facilities at our command to further the negotiations of a peace between her and Japan, we sought no advantages and Interposed no counsel. The governments ot both China and Japan have, in special dispatches transmitted through their respective diplomatic representatives, expressed in a most pleasing manner, their grateful appreciation of our assistance to their citizens during the unhappy struggle and of the value of our aid in paving the way to th resumption of peaceful relations. Japan has furnished abundant evidence of her vast gain in every trait and characteristic that constitutes . a nation's greatness. We have reason for congratulation in the fact that the government of the United States, by the exchange of liberal treaty stipulations with the new Japan, was the first to recognize her wonderful advance and to extend to her the consideration and confidence due to her national enlightenment and progressive character. HAWAII AXD SAMOA. No Indemnity Yet Paid liy Dole GovernmentAn Inconsistent Situation. Earl)' In January last an uprising against the government of Hawaii was promptly suppressed, martial law was forthwith proclaimed and numerous arrests were made of persons suspected of being In sympathy with the royalict party. Among these were several citizens of the United States, who were either convicted by a military court and sentenced to death, imprisonment or line or wt-re deported without trial. The United States, while denying protection to such as had taken the Hawaiian oath of allegiance, insisted that martial law, though altering the forms of Justice, could not supersede justice itself, and demanded stay of execution until the proceedings had been submitted to this gov ernment and knowledge obtained therefrom that our citizens had received fair trial. Tho death sentences were subsequently commuted or were remitted on condition of leaving the Islands. The cases of certain Americans arrested and expelled by arbitrary order without formal charge or trial have had attention, and. In some Instances, navt been found to Justify remonstrance

and a claim for Indemnity, which Hawaii has not thus far conceded. Mr. Thurston, the Hawaiian minister, having furnished this government abundant reason for asking that he be recalled, that course was pursued, and his successor has lately bean received. In my last two annual messages I called the attention of the Congress to the proposition we occupied as one of the parties to a treaty or agreement by which we became Jointly bound with England and Germany to so interfere with the government and control of Samoa as in effect to assume the management of its affairs. On the 9th day of May, 1SSM, I transmitted to the Senate a special message wltht accompanying documents giving information on the subject and emphasizing the opinion I have all the time entertained that our situation In this matter was Inconsistent with the mission and traditions of our government, in violation of the principles we profess, and in all its phases mischievous and vexatious. I again press this subject on the attention of the Congress" and ask for such legislative action or expression as will lead the way to our relief from obligations both irksome and unnatural. TUB PADRONE SYSTEM.

It - Is Mainly- Responsible for the Lynchlnfr of Italians. The deplorable lynching of several Italian laborers in Colorado was naturally 'followed by international representation, and lam happy to say that the best efforts of the State in which the outrage occurred have been put forth to discover and punish the authors of this atrocious crime. The dependent families of some of the unfortunate victims invite by their deplorable con-, dition gracious provision for their needs. These manifestations against helpless aliens may be traceable through successive stages to the vicious- padrone system, which unchecked by our immigration and contract labor statutes, controls these workers from the moment of landing on our shores and farms them out in distant and often rude regions, where their cheapening competition In the fields of bread winning toil brings them in. collision with other labor interests. While welcoming, as we should those who seek our shores, to merge themselves in our body politic and win personal competence by honest effort, we cannot regard such assemblages of distinctively alien laborers hired out in the masr to the profit of alien speculators and shipped hither and thither as the prospect of gain may dictate, as otherwise than repugnant to the spirit of our civilization, deterrent to individual advancement, and hindrances to the building up of stable communities resting on the wholesome ambitions of the citizens and constituting the prime factor In the prosperity and progress of our Nation. If legislation can reach this growing evil, it certainly should be attempted. OUR SISTER REPUBLICS. Missions Boundary Dispute Woes of Negroes "Who Emigrated to Mexico. The missions boundary dispute between the Argentine Republic and Brazil, referred to the President of the United States as arbitrator during' the term of my predecessor and which was' submitted to me for determination, resulted in an award in favor of Brazil on the historical and documentary evidence presented, thus ending a long protracted controversy and again demonstrating the wisdom and desirability of settling International boundary disputes by recourse to friendly arbitration. Negotiations are progressing for a revival of the United States and Chilean claims commission. The resumption of specie payments by Chile Is a step of Interest and Importance both in its direct consequences on her own welfare and in evincing the ascendency of soun financial principles in one of the most influential of the South American republics. The boundary dispute which lately threatened to embroil Gautamala and Mexico has happily yielded to pacific counsels and Its determination has by the joint agreement of the parties been submitted to the sole arbitration of the United States minister of Mexico. The commission appointed under the convention of Feb. 18, 1889, to set new monuments along the boundary between the United States and Mexico has completed its task. As a sequel to the failure of a scheme for the colonization In Mexico of negroes mostly emigrated from Alabama under contract, a great number of these helpless and suffering people, starving and smitten with contagious disease, - made their way or were assisted to the frontier, where. In wretched condition, they were quarantined by the Texas authorities. Learning of their destitute condition. I directed rations to be temporarily furnished them through the War Department. At the expiration of their quarantine they were conveyed by the railway companies at comparatively low rates to their homes in Alabama on my assurance, in the absence of funds available for the cost of their transportation, that I would recommend to Congress an appropriation for its payment. I now strongly urge on Congress the propriety of making such an appropriation. It. should be remembered that the measures taken were, dictated not only by sympathy and humanity, but by a conviction that It was not compatible with the dignity of this government that bo large a body of our dependent citizens should be thrown for relief on. the charity of a neighboring State. The arbitration of the claim of the Venezuela Steam Transportation Company under the treaty of Jan. 19, 1892, between the United States and Venezuela resulted in an award In favor of the claimant. The government has used Its good offices' toward composing the differences between Venezuela on the one hand and France and Belgium on the other growing out of the dismissal of the representatives of those powers on the ground of a publication deemed offensive to Venezuela, Although that dismissal .was coupled with a cordial request that other more personally agreeable envoys be sent in their stead, a rupture of -interior ensued and still continues. RUSSIA AND TIIE SEALS. - The Gear's Consuls CriticisedProtec tion of Rerlnic Sea Water. The coronation of the Czar of Russia, at Moscow, in May next, invites the ceremonial participation of the United States and in accordance with usage and diplomatic propriety our minister to the imperial court has been directed to represent our government on the occasion. Correspondence is on foot touching the 'practice of Russian consuls within the Jurisdiction of the United States to Interrogate citizens as to their race and religious' faith, and upon assertainment thereof to deny to Jews authentication of passports or legal documents for use in Russia. Inasmuch as such a proceeding inposes a disability, which, in the case of succession to property ,ln Russia, may be found to infringe the treaty rights of our citizens and which is an obnoxious invasion of our territorial jurisdiction it has elicited fitting notice, the result of which it is hoped will remove the cause of complaint. The pending claims of sealing vessels of the United States seized in Russian waters remain unadjusted. Our recent convention with Russia establishing a modus Vivendi as to imperial jurisdiction in such cases has prevented further difficulty of this nature. The Russian government .has welcomed in principal our suggestion for a modus Vivendi to embrace Great Britain and Japan, looking to the better preservation of seal life in the north Faciflc and Bering sea and the extension of the protected area defined by the Paris tribunal to all Pacific waters north of the thirtyfifth parallel. It is' especially noticeable that Russia favors prohibition of the use of firearms in seal hunting throughout the proposed area and a longer closed season for pelagic scaling. OUR REPRESENTATIVES ABROAD. CIvIl-Servlce Examination of Consuls Plea for Legation Buildings. In view of the growth of our Interests In foreign countries and the encouraging prospects for agricultural expansion of our commerce, the question of an Improvement in the consular service has increased In Importance and urgency. Though there Is no doubt that tho great body of consular offices are rendering valuable services to the trade and Industries of the country, the need of some p!an of appointment and control which would tend to secure a higher average of efficiency cannot be denied. The importance of the subject has led the executive to consider what steps might properly be taken without additional legis lation to answer the need of a better system or consular appointments. The matter having been committed to the consideration of the Secretary of State, in pursuance of his recommendations, an ex ecutive order was Issued on the 20th of September, IStt. by the terms of which It Is provided that after that date any vacancy in a consular r commercial agency with an annual salary or condensation from official fees of not more than &.5CO or less than should be filled either

by transfer or promotion from some other position under the State Department of a character tending to qualify the incumbent for the position to be filled, or by the appointment of a person not under the Department of State, but having previously served thereunder and shown his capacity and fitness for consular duty, or by the appointment of a person who, having been selected by the President and sent to a board for examination Is found, on such examination, to be qualified for the position. Posts which pay less than J1.000 being usually, on account of their small compensation, to be filled . by. residents of the locality; it was not deemed practicable to put them under the new system. The compensation of $2,300 was adopted as the maximum limit in the classification for tho reason that consular officers receiving more than that sum are often charged with functions and duties scarcely Inferior In dignity and importance to those of diplomatic agents. It was, therefore, thought best to continue their selection in the discretion of the executive without subjecting them to examination before a board. Excluding seventy-one places with compensation at present less than 510,000, and fifty-three places above the maximum in compensation, the number of positions remaining within the scope of the order is 196. This number will, undoubtedly, be Increased by, the Inclusion of consular officers whose remuneration In fees, now less than $1,000, will be augmented with the growth of our foreign commerce, and a return to more favorable business conditions. ' Iu execution of the - executive order referred to the Secretary of State has designated as a board to conduct the prescribed examinations, the Third Assistant Secretary of State, the solicitor of the Department of State and the chief of the consular bureau, and has specified the subjects to which such examination shall relate. It Is not assumed that this system will prove a full measure of consular reform. It is quite probable that actual experience will show particulars in which the order already issued may be amended and demonstrate that, for the best results, appropri

ate legislation by Congress is imperatively required. In any event these efforts- to improve the consular service ought to be im mediately supplemented by legislation providing for consular insoection. This has been a subject of executive recommendation and I again urge such action by Congress as will, permit the frequent and thorough inspection of consulates by officers appointed for that purpose or by persons already in the diplomatic or consular service. The expense attending such a plan would be insignificant compared with Its usefulness and I hope the legislation necessary to set It on foot will be speedily forthcoming. I am thoroughly convinced that. In addition to their salaries, our embassadors and ministers at foreien countries should be provided' by the government with official residences. The salaries of these officers are comparatively small and. In most cases. Insufficient to pay, witn otner necessary MDenaes. the cost of maintaining house hold establishments In keeping with their Important and delicate functions. The use-, fulness of a nation's diplomatic representative undenijLhiv denends much on the ap propriateness of his surroundings, and a country like ours, wnue avoiaing unnecessary glitter and show, should be certain that it does not suner in us relation wim foreign nations through parsimony and shabbiness in its diplomatic . outfit. These nnsprattnns and the other advantages of having fixed and somewhat permanent locations for our embassies would abundantly Justify the moderate expenditure nec essary to carry out mis suggestion. FINANCES OF THE NATION. SILVER AND GREENBACKS. Legislation ns to Both, and the Raid on the Gold Reserve. Aa we turn from a review of our foreign relation to' the contemplation of our national financial situation we are immediately aware that we approach a subject of domestice concern more important than any other that can engage our attention and one at present in such a perplexing and delicate predicament as to require prompt and wise treatment. "VYe may well be encouraged to earnest effort in this direction when we recall the steps already taken toward improving our economic and finan cial situation, and when we appreciate how well the way has been prepared for further progress by an aroused and intelligent popular interest In these subjects. By command of the people, a customs revenue system, designed for the protection and benefit of favored classes at the ex pense of the great mass of our countrymen, and which while inefficient for the purpose of revenue; curtailed our trade relations and Impeded our entrance to the markets of the world, has been superseded by a tariff l policy which. In principle, is based on a denial of the right of the government to obstruct the avenues to our people's cheap living or lessen their comfort and contentment for the. sake of according special advantages to favorites, and which, while encouraging our intercourse and trade with other nations, recognize the fact that American self-reliance, thrift and ingenuity can build up our country's industries' and develop its resources more surely than enervating paternalism. The compulsory purchase and coinage of sliver by the government unchecked and unregulated by business conditions and heedless of our currency need, which for more than fifteen years diluted our circulating medium, undermined confidence abroad in our financial ability, and at last culminated in distress and panic at home, has been recently stopped by the repeal of the laws which forced this reckless scheme on the country. The things thus accomplished, notwithstanding their extreme importance and benificent effects, fall far short of curing the monetary evils from which we suffer as a result of long indulgence In ill-advised financial expedients. The currency denominated United States notes and commonly known as greenbacks was Issued in large amounts during the late civil war, and intended originally to meet the exigencies of that period. It Will be seen by a reference to the debates in Congress at the time the laws were passed authorizing the issue of these notes, that their advocates declared they were intended for only temporary use and to meet the emergency of war. In almost if not all the laws relating to them some provision was made contemplating their voluntary or compulsory retirement. A large quantity of them, however, were kept on foot and mingled with the currency of the country, so that at the close of the year 1874 they amounted to $381,999,073. Immediately after that date and in January. 1875, a law was passed providing for the resumption of specie payments by which the Secretary of the Treasury was required whenever additional circulation was issued to national banks to retire United States notes equal to 80 per cent, of such additional national bank circulation until such notes were reduced to $300,000,000. This law further provided that on and after the 1st day of January, 1879, the United States notes then outstanding should be redeemed in coin, and in order to provide and prepare for such redemption the Secretary of the Treasury was authorized not only to use the surplus revenues of the government, but to issue bonds of the United States and dispose of them for coin and to use the proceeds for the purpose contemplated by the statute. REDEMPTION FORBIDDEN. In May, 1878, and before the date thus appointed for the redemption and retirement of these notes, another statute was passed forbidding their further cancellation, and retirement. Some of them had, however, been previously redeemed and canceled on the Issue of additional national bank circulation as permitted by the law of 1873, so that the amount outstanding at the time of the passage of the act forbidding their further retirement was $346,6S1.016. The law of 1878 did not stop at distinct prohibition, but contained in addition the following expressed provision: "And when any of said notes may be redeemed or be received into the treasury, under any law, from any source whatever and shall belong to the United States, they shall not be retired, canceled, or destroyed, but they shall be reissued, and paid out again and kept in circulation." This was the condition of affairs on the first day of January, 1879, which had been fixed on four years before as the date for entering on the redemption and retirement of all these notes and for which such abundant means had been provided. The government was put In the anomalous situation of owing to the holders of its notes debts payable in gold on demand which could neither be retired by receiving such notes in discharge of obligations due the government, nor canceled by actual payment in gold. It was forced to redeem without redemption and to pay without acquittance. There has been Issued and sold C503.500.OOO of the bonds authorized by the resumption act of lKTo, the proceeds of which,' together with ether gold In the treasury, created a gold fund deemed sufficient to meet the demands which might be made on it for the redemption of the outstanding United States notes. This fund, together with such other gold as might be from time to time in the treasury available for the same purpose, has been since called our gold reserve, and tlC0.CC0.CC3 hit been regarded &k an adequate

amount to accomplish its object. This fund amounted on the 1st day of January, 1579, to $148,193,260. and, though thereafter constantly fluctuating It did not fall below that sum until July, J&L In April, 1S93, for the first time since -its establishment, this reserve amounted to less than flOO.OOO.OoO. containing at that date onlv $37,011,320. In tfce meantime, and in July, 1S90, an act had been fassed directing larger governmental monthy purchases of silver than had been inquired under previous laws, and providing that In payment for such silverX treasury notes of the United States should h Issued, payable on demand in gold or silver ciin the discretion of the Secretary of the Treasury. It was. however, declarefl in the act to be the established policy of the United States to maintain the two metals on a parity with each other on the present legal ratio, or such ratio as may be provided by law. In view of this declaration, it was not deemed permissible for the Secretary of the Treasury to exercise the discretion in terms conferred on him by refusing to pay gold on these notes when demanded, because of such discrimination In favor of the gold dollar the so-called parity of the two metals would be destroyed, and grave and dangerous consequences would be precipitated by affirming or accentuating the constantly widening disparity between their actual values under the existing ratio. It thus resulted that the treasury notes Issued in payment of silver purchases under the law of 1830 were necessarily treated as gold obligations, at the option of the holder. These notes, on the 1st day of November, 1S93, when the law compelling the monthly purchase of silver was repealed, amounted to more than llao.O'JO.OOO. Notes of this description now outstanding, added to the United States notes still undiminished by redemption or cancellation, constitute a volume of gold obligations amounting to nearly $500,000,000. These obligations are the instruments which, ever since we have had a gold reserve, have been used to deplete it. This reserve, as has been stated, had fallen In April, 1893. to $97,011,230. It has from that time to the present, with very few and unimportant upward movements, steadily decreased, except as it has been temporarily replenished by the sale of bonds.. Among the causes for this constant and uniform shrinking in this fund may be mentioned the great falling off of exports under the operation of the tariff law until recently In force, which crippled our exchange of commodities with foreign nations and necessitated to some extent the payment of our balances in gold, the unnatural infusion of silver into our currency and the increase in the agitation for its free and unlimited coinage, which have created mprehenslon as to our disposition or ability to continue gold payments, the consequent hoarding of gold at home and the stoppage of Investment of foreign capltal-as well as the return of our securities already sold abroad, and the high rate of foreign exchange, which induced the shipment of our gold to be drawn against as a matter of speculation. SALES OF UOXDS.

Efforts of the Administration to Maintain the Gold Reserve. In consequence of these conditions, the gold reserve, on the 1st day of February, 1894, was reduced to $63,428,377, having lost more than $31,000,000 during the preceding nine months, or, since April, 1S93. Its replenishment being necessary, and no other manner of accomplishing it being possible, resort was had to the issue and sale of bonds, provided for by the resumption act of 1873. Fifty millions of these bonds were sold, yielding $58,633,295.71, which was added to the reserve fund of gold then on hand. As a result of this operation this reserve, which had suffered constant and large withdrawals In the meantime, stood on the 6th day of March, 1894, at the sum of $107,448,820. Its depletion was, however, immediately thereafter so accelerated that on the 30th day of June, 1894, it had fallen to $64,873,023, thus losing by withdrawals more than $42,CO0,000 in five months, and dropping slightly below its situation when the sale of the J50.000.CCO in bonds was effected for its replenishment. This depressed condition grew worse and on the 24th of November, 1894, our gold reserve, being reduced to $57,669,000, It became necessary to again strengthen it. This was done by another, sale of bonds, amounting to $.10,000,000, from which there was realized $38,638,500, with which the fund was increased to $111,142,021 on the 4th day of December, 1894. Again disappointment awaited the anxious hope for relief. There was not even a lull in the exasperating withdrawals of gold. On the contrary, they grew larger and more persistent than ever. Between the 4th day of December, 1894, and early in February, 1S9G, a period of scarcely more than two months after the second reinforcement of our gold reserve by the sale of bonds, it had lost by such withdrawals more than $69,000,000, and had fallen to $41,340,1SL Nearly $43.OCO.OOO had been withdrawn within the month immediately preceding this situation. In anticipation of impending trouble I had on the 28th day of January, 1895, addressed a communication to the Congress fully setting forth our difficulties and dangerous position, and earnestly recommending that authority be given the Secretary of the Treasury to issue bonds bearing a low rate of interest, payable by their terms in gold, for -the purpose of maintaining a sufficient gold reserve, and also the redemption and cancellation of outstanding notes issued for the purchase of silver under the law of 1890. This recommendation did not, however, meet with legislative approval. In February, 1896, therefore, the situation was exceedingly critical, with a reserve perilously low, and a refusal of congressional 'aid, everything indicated that the end of gold payments by the government was Imminent. The results of priori bond Issues had been excedingly unsatisfactory, and tho large withdrawals of gold immediately succeeding their public sale In open market, gave rise to a reasonable suspicion that a large part of the gold paid into' the treasury upon such sales was promptly drawn out again by the presentation of United States notes or treasury notes, and found its way to the hands of those who had only temporarily parted with it in the purchase of bonds. THE SYNDICATE DEAL. In this emergency, and in view of Its surrounding perplexities, it became entirely apparent to those upon whom the struggle for safety was devoted not only that our gold reserve must, for the third time in less than thirteen months, be restored by another issue of and sale of bonds, bearing a high rate of Interest, and badly suited to the purpose, but that a plan must be adopted for their disposition promising better results than those realized on previous sales. An agreement was, therefore, made with a number of financiers and bankers whereby it was stipulated that the bonds described in the resumption act of 1873, payable in coin thirty years after their date, bearing interest at the rate of 4 per cent, per annum, and amounting to about $62,000,000, should be exchanged for gold, receivable by weight, amounting to a little more tnan $5,000,000. This gold was to be delivered in such installments as would complete Its delivery within about six months from the date of the contract, and at least one-half the amount was to be furnished from abroad. It was also agreed by those supplying this gold that during the continuance of the contract they would by every means In their power protect the government against gold withdrawals. . The contract also proviued that, if Congress would authorize the issue, bonds payable by their terms in gold, and bearing interest at the rate oi 3 per cent, per annum, might, within ten days, be substituted at par for the 4 per cent, bonds escribed In the agreement. On the day this contract was made its terms were communicated to Congress by special executive message, in (Continued on Third rare.) Piiliil HARMLESS, SATISFYING TO BAGO nicotine Neutralized L-iLJ U U-DVOPL.PTIC

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Block the Corridors and Parlors' of the Bates House.

Anxious Seekers for Relief and Persons Wishing to Express Their Gratitude for Relief Already Obtained. Dr. Hobbs's Sparagus Kidney Pills a Marvel. Doctors and Collecre Professors Add , Their Testimony. e On Monday and Tuesday, In response to the announcement In these columns that the Ilobbs Medicine Company, of Chicago,"" had brought all the way from New York ' a noted specialist In Kidney and Urinary Diseases at no small expense, and had placed his skill and knowledge wholly free of cost at the service of the citizens of In dianapolis, elicited praise and commendation on every side and "served to fill the corridors and parlors of the Bates House with persons from cverr walk in life, all of whom were anxious to either consult him or express their gratitude for tho marvelous relief these little pills had given them. One "of the most prominent citizens and officeholders of this city said to a Sentinel reporter on Tuesday: "Why, man, this thing is phenomenal simoly nhenomenaL I never had any Idea so many people in thla vicinity had kidney disease, and I never In my life heard such unstinted praise of any kidney medicine. You see the crowd here now; well, I have been here three times, and have been unable to see the doctor. This last time I decided to wait and I have been here all of three hours. No, I haven't gat any kidney trouble, but my wife has. and I shall not dare go home to-night until I have seen Dr. Kane and thanked the Ilobbs Medicine Company through him for what the Sparagus Kidney Pills have done for her and got a little further advice. Why, sir, it Is marvelous simply marvelous." ' Mr. Thomas Hale, of 73 North Alabama street, said: "J got a sample of Sparagus Kidney Pills at the Sentinel Office, and have found, the most decided relief In the short time I have used them. I feel greatly encouraged, and believe that I shall be perfectly cured." Mr. William Moeller. of 175 Shelby street, has Ferious kidney disease, and Is upon the verge ' of a serious rheumatic attack He left the Bates to at once commence the regular treatment of bis case. Mr. IL Clay, of 84 West Ohio street, said: "I began the use of these Sparagus Kidney Pills four days ago. I have used four doses and I consider them marvelous. Dr. Wiliams told me that he had used them and felt their good effects after the first dose. I have taken (four doses and I ant Wonderfully encouraged. Whereas I was forced oftentimes to rise every half hour in the night to urinate, I have for the past two nights slept straight through the night wholly undisturbed. Besides that. I am feeling better and brighter in every way. I have persuaded .'Judge Rand to try them. ' and I believe they will afford him great relief." Mr. R. D. Fisher, of 64 State House, had used the Sparagus Kidney Pills for a few days, and while it was too early to expect a cure of his difficulty, had noted Improvement, and proposed to pursue the treatment regularly. . Mr. G. T. Stevenson, of 422 Superior street, left samples for analysis, and stated that he was better of a most serious difficulty, and was pursuing the treatment regularly. Mr. Goddard, of the Bates House, a traveling salesman, reports the cure of a kidney backache of over a year's standing, and says that all traveling men and railroad employes in every part of the country -swear by Dr. Hobbs's Sparagus Kidney Pills. He says that he knows of not less than fifty cases, two of them genuine cases of Brlght's disease and one of sugar diabetes, cured absolutely by this remedy. Amongst all the crowd who called upon the Doctor In the two days he was here, there was not a single person who was not more than satisfied with the results obtained, and only anxious to continue the use of so wonderfully successful a remedy. "I like them," said Miss Edith Smith, of Superior street, "because tney act so quick, are so easy to take, and make you feel so bright and happy and clear-headed. I suffered constantly for two years with rheumatic neuralgia and backache. I haven't got a symptom of It now." The Sentinel reporter saw a telegram from the Hobbs Medicine Company's Chicago office last night stating that they had received over five hunJred commendatory letters from users of the free samples in Indianapolis within the past three days. Every fact goes to prove that Dr. Ilobbs has made the most wonderful medical discovery of the present age, and that Its results will be a blessing, to mankind for all time. This is especially true of those sections of the country where the use of hard water tends to produce gravel, backache and kidney ailments, as Is certainly the case here. Druggists in every part of the city report the sales as enormous, and say that they never saw a remedy that gave such universal satisfaction, and that the Sentinel deserves the thanks of the entire community for assisting in bringing this matter to the notice of the people. NATIONAL TubeWorks Ir'rcigM-IrciPiFSfcrGu, Stan aid V7tt:r. MofW Tub. Cut and Halisable Iron ltuinr( black ari r&lra.Jz-d). Valve. St of txxk. Trimming, steair Giukm, rtje Tort. I'M Cutter. VU, ,v-rw riate nJ I)'. Wmubes, Mam Trvr. PTirr ;. Kit' faen Mny. Ho. l!ellirc.l;ttlt Metal, ftold'r. vvttitt ant O.lort Willing Wt. taft aU oUier Nupi !! in tm connexion ih (iu, Me&m anil Water. Natural (iu urr-Uea ipeclaltr. Mean-beatui-Aparh.tita for fuo11 r.iilklinc, More-rovta, MllU.Mioj.l actorie. Lftuodrtet. Lumber Ilry-IlouM. etc. Out UDI Ttirr.i to fdT anjr ttzo Wrourbt-lron I'M, frmn u,' UuU to U, ln hci diameter. KNIGHT & JILLSOn. :janl -.1 8, riLN.Nm VJLNLA. 8X

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