Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 November 1895 — Page 4

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOTJHNAL, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1895.

THE" DAILY JOURNAL

THUKShAV.XUVKMHKR 14, lSOo. Wsstisjiea OWeeHlO Pennsylvania Auntie Telephone Calls. X-. ii!nMOiarf 'ZX 1 KlltortaI Rooms A M TCIIMS OF stBSClUPTIO.. ! 1ULY MV SI. AIL. Iaily on?, ine mouth 5 IiJy !, thr months Z.tt ;'. ouly, nne j ear h.mo lastly, lnr)uluig Sutxlay, one ) ear 10.00 iiTi'lay vnl) , ws year 2.00 HHM rVRIi8ED BY A;KT. I !!t. lreK, byrarrier. 15 rta tujidaj , single coiy 5 cts Iaily aul .Sunday, per week, by earner V) cts WEfcKLV. lrjear : $1.00 lied need Rates to Claba. Snb4 ribe itU an v( our uumerous aenUorsend t u tweri pt Ions tut b JOURNAL .NEWSPAPER COMPANY, Indianapolis, Ind. Irsot. sending the Journal tbronxh the mill In the tutted Mates should put on ao eiht-patfe paper a cm ista;re fciaiup: en a twelve or sixteen-pa laper a two-ct );; suiui. loreljni postage Is usually double these rates. tyAll fomriinBtratlotw lntenleI for publication In tins t.vr mut. lu onler to reeelTe attention, be acrenipaoieU by the oaiim ami MreH of tbe writer. T11H I.DIAAIOL! JOLIl.VAL ( an be fouxl at tl followiijg places rAR!K American .Lxcbange lu ran, 36 Boulevard cle :ipu-luei. M-AV YOKKl!ey House, WUnisor Hotel and Astor House. CHICAGO I"ainer Horn. AixUtorlum Hotel and P. t. ew Co, VI Attains street. C1XCIXNAT1-J. K. II am ley X Co, 14 Vine strett. LOUI5VILLE--C. T. Deerinjr, nortbnet rorner of n.:nl arHl Jefferson Us., ami LouUtXo lrtok Co, 359 Fourth a e. FX . LOl IS Union News Company, Union Depot ttbdllNGTON. D. C.-Rjfr;n House. Kbbltt Hons, vt iUanl'4 Hotel and tbe Washington News Exchange. 14; b street, bet. I't-nn. ave. ami street. Turkey may, be a sick man, but the Sultan Is as big- a bluffer as the best covereign of the lot. The Legislature which Senator Brice's people hoped to get several months ago has a Republican majority of eightyeeven on Joint ballot. ' It wouli bea- Joke if the Mayor and his regimq shduld And that the city charter is v latf , but the joke would be ap predated by-the other fellows. The fact that Coxey received 70,000 votes in Ohio shows that many of the Democrats who' Joined the Populists two years ago are still out of the Democratic fold.; ' Lord Dunravcn's charge of fraud .and foul play against New York yachtsmen is undoubtedly false, but it should be pioveri so and himself bfanded as a longdistance libeler. Secretary Carlisle seems . to be constructed on the adjustable plan. The moment he became a presidential impossibility he wems to have become a Judicial possibility. When Mr. Sovereign gets his limited number of Knights of Labor together he might ask them if any of them had received a'natfonal bank note since he boycotted the national banks. The large delegation of Chicago visiters behaved very well at Atlanta and were exceedingly complaisant, but on reflection the Atlantans may be reminded of a certain condescension in foreigners. Now that Mr. Cleveland's friends seem serious in urging his candidacy one may ak if it is not possible that these persons can never realize that no man in the Democratic party is more unpopular. It Is officially announced at the Vatican that the successor of Mgr. Satolll will not be appointed till next year. That being the case the country will try and worry along a little while without a Papal delegate. . . In Iowa, where the Populists claimed that they would make Immense gains because, of the sound money platform of the Democrats, they increased their vote "by only 7,000. As for the Prohibitionists, their vote was .1,000 less than the year previous. The financial tables In the last issue of the Buieau of Statistics give the bonded detit Oct. 1, 1895, as $747,315,400. March 1, 18 V" was r85.034,260. The Increase has ben J162.2S1.140. This is the largest achievement of the Cleveland administration. The Governor of Illinois got ahead of the Governor of Indiana. In firing off a Cuban sympathy speech at Atlanta, but the Governor of Indiana has an advantage over the -Governor of Illinois In being known asa sympathizer with the enforcement of law and order. An exchange finds in the speech of Lord Salitbury the assurance that Great Britain can take care of herself in the Kast against all opponents, including Russia and France. Less enthusiastic .admirers of Great Britain will find In the tame speech a reminder of that nation's policy of bluff. The kindly feeling expressed by the Republican press of the country toward exSenator Thurman,, of Ohio, called forth by his recent illness. Is one of the grateful evidences that partisanship does not destroy the respect and regard which political opponents have for able and honorable men of the other side. One of the first things to be done after the inauguration of a Republican PresI- i dent on March 4, 1S97, will be to provide revenues sufficient to meet the expenditures of the government. Fortunately, a Republican Congress will know how to do this by legislation which will at the tame time protect American industries. It is said the Governor of Virginia. In his forthcoming message, will take very ttrong ground In favor of the suppression of mob law and holding local authorities responsible for prisoners in their custody. This sentiment Is growing all over the country, and its growth in the South Is particularly Indicative of progress. , . The evidence of corruption against exCuperlntendent of Police Byrnes, of New Tork, is regarded as conclusive, but the offenses charged are outlawed by the New York statute of limitations, which makej such chargts against public officials Inoperative after seven years. This may save Byrnes from prosecution, but It cannot save him from disgrace. In New York and other cltles'some ot those who are discussing excise laws have com? to the conclusion that too many licenses are issued. This is probably true. Aa a business saloon keeping U to overdone that many are forced to reort to lawbreaklng; to get a living Out of .lt. Massachusetts some years c-o United the licenses to a certain num-

ber for each one thousand' Inhabitants. The law cut off nearly half the saloons In Boston, but It Is generally admitted that the curtailment has been beneficial.

ox in sii:s rnixciPLEs. The position which Governor Matthews has taken in regard to the letting of the contracts for State . printing- is ' fairly open to criticism from a business point of view. lie maintains that, having asked for bids upon a certain basis, the printing board was morally bound to accept that which was lowest under the specifications, even if in calculating the cost of the many articles under that bid it should prove to be the one which would compel the State to pay the most money for Its printing during a whole year. That may be an ethical view of the matter, but It is not a business view, and it may be doubted if Governor Matthews or any other business man In conducting his own affairs would have made a contract which would call for thousands ot dollars more than another bid which appeared to be higher on Us face. Further than that, the printing board reserved the light to reject all proposals submitted, for any rea'son which appeared sufficient. If, upon considering the bids and estimating the aggregate cost under each to the State, it should appear that one which seemed to be the lowest was, in fact, the highest, the board was in duty bound to reject it. The aim ot those who passed the law requiring that bids for State supplies should be advertised for was that the State might pay the lowest price. If, therefore, by the wording of an' advertisement a . State board is compelled togive a contract to one of the highest rather than the lowest bidders, the law is violated in spirit if not in letter. The advertising of bids was to get the most favorable terras for the State, not to get one which would be the least favorable. "When the. bids were received it was the duty of the printing board to ascertain If that which appeared to be the lowest bid was such In fact. This matter is Important because the State is constantly asking? for bids for' material and supplies. If it has been the custom to award contracts to those who seemed to have made the lowest bids without entering into calculations to as-M certain whether or not they are the lowest, the sooner business methods are Introduced the better. If experienced and sharp" dealers are habitually overreaching dull-witted State purchasers it Is time' that there should be a change of policy to conform with that which Secretary of State Owen and State Auditor Daily have established in regard to the printing contract. It is as essential that Indiana should save $33,000 or even $5,000 In a printing contract as that a private individual or corporation should do it. It would be well to ascertain If any official or agent of the State of Indiana is letting contracts for supplies to the' highest bidder under any pretext. 1 AX ECHO OF THE HOLMES CASE. In a recent review of the Holmes trial the Louisville Courier-Journal criticised the court for, as it said, forcing Holmes into Ulil without counsel. "It Is true," said the C.-J., "that the .court appointed two lawyers to defend Holmes, but Its threat to disbar them unless hey accepted the trust without a single moment to' prepare the case was rather more suggestive of Judge Jeffreys than of an average American judge." The Philadelphia Times disposes of this criticism Very effectually by stating that the two lawyers referred to had been Holmes's counsel ever since his arrest, nearly or quite a year before the trial, and had had ample time and every op portunlty to become familiar with hij case. When the case was called for trial they asked for a continuance, and did not present a single reason for the motion beyond the general statement that they were not ready. Any Judge with a proper sense of the duties of his position would have overruled such a motion. The Times says: Holmes's counsel had been regularly retained by the prisoner; had been in constant communication with him; they fully understood his case, and the court very properly held that they could .not retire, from the defense when they had no legal ground to offer for delay. Messrs. Shoemaker and Hotan then conferred with Holmes, and, after a brief conference, Holmes himself addressed the court, saying that he had dismissed his counsel. It was evident that he had done so at the request of his attorneys, as when they were dismissed from the case by their own client they could ntt be punished by the court for retiring. The whole movement was planned to force a continuance, clinging to the hope that before the time for another trial could be reached there might be some break in the cha!n of testimony for the prosecution. No doubt the attempt to force a continuance was made in the hope that before the case would be called again Mrs. Pitezel. the most important witness for the prosecution, would die, thus greatly increasing the difficulty of convicting the defendant. It was one of those attempts to defeat the ends of Justice which the public are too familiar with, and the action of the court in overruling it was eminently right. Society would be the gainer if all Judges would emulate Judge Arnold's prompt and vigorous rulings In the Holmes case. IX DARKEST SOVT1I CAIIOLIXA. After a long and earnest discussion the constitutional convention of South Carolina has rejected a proposed amendment to the suffrage article providing that "each of the two political parties casting the highest number of votes at the preceding election shall have representation on the board of managers of elections at each polling precinct and on the board of county canvassers In each county." This simply proposes that the minority party shall be represented on all election and canvassing boards, which Is but another way of saying that such boards shall not be composed exclusively of members of one party. Such a provision could not excite discussion in any Northern State because it is so obviously just that it would meet with no opposition. Yet the South Carolina convention debated the proposition at considerable length and finally rejected it, thus deciding that election and canvassing boards in that State shall consist of Democrats only. The Charlerton News and Courier discusses the Incident editorially under the caption "A Ticklish Provision." ".It regards the provision as a "ticklish" or dangerous one because Its natural effect would be to encourage the Republicans to bring out their full voting strength at every election, so as to secure representation on election and canvassing boards. "The strongest argument against the proposition." cays the News and Courier, "was the very practical : one suggested by Mr. Howell when he said that 'the doptlon of the amendment meant the

reorganization of the Republican party at orfce in this State." This frank recognition that nothing-1 must be left undone by the Democrats to prevent the organization of an opposition party or to Imperil their absolute control of the political machinery of the State shows how little there is left of republican government in South Carolina. BsassssivMBaaiMBBSiaaaaiMBssBBBSBHBiaBBHBSsaassasBiasa Ml.MCIPAL OWXKRSIIIP OF LIGHT- . IXG PIAXT:9.

Washington has the reputation of being one of the best governed cities In the country, and in many respects it is. In some respects It Is also one of the most progressive, though no special thanks are due to Congress for this. At present its people are on a ' hunt for cheaper light, either gas or electric. Several months ago the Board of Trade appointed a committee of seven to investigate and report to the board "what In its Judgment is a fair price for gas of suitable quality and what action should be taken by this board to the end that gas hereafter shall be furnished at suchprice; and also report whether" gas can be furnished more advantageously by the District , of Columbia or by private corporation." The report of the committee Just submitted contains some points of general Interest. ; There are in the District of Columbia! three corporations furnishing the people with light two gas and one electric lighting company. This ought to insure the benefits of competition, but it does not seem to have done so. The report of the committee shows that the gas companies have for many years been making unduly large profits, and that the Introduction of electric lights has not as yet materially affected their business. The Washington, Gaslight Company, chartered by Congress In 1843, with a capital stock of $30,000, now has a capitalization of $2,000,000, and during1 the past year it has paid 20 per cent, on the latter sum besides 6 per cent. Interest on $400,000. making a total of $4?6,O0O divided among the stockholders on an actual cash investment of not exceeding $500,000. The report says that the regular dividend of the company of late years has been 10 per cent, on Its capi talization of $2,000,000, but the amounts carried to the surplus fund indicate that the profits of the company Justify an average dividend at least 5 per cent, greater, or 60 per cent, per annum upon the amounts supposed to have been paid in on capital account. No corporation should be permitted to make such profits out of the public on one of the indispensable necessities of life. As to the cost of producing gas. In. eluding raw materials, wages, salaries, taxes. Interest, Insurance, repairs, distribution, in short, everything, the committee found that the outside limit was 66U cents per thousand feet, and that one dollar per thousand would, in Washington, "be even an exorbitant price for gas." On the point of municipal ownership of gas plants the committee quotes from "Municipal Government in Great Britain," showing "that it is almost the universal testimony in Great Britain that municipal gas enterprises are a brilliant success. They have steadily reduced the selling price and largely increased the consumption. Their management has been art efficient and economical as that of the private companies. They have been able, while selling gas at a' low price, to pay expenses and Interest, accumulate sinking funds, enlarge the plants and make good all current depreciations, and still pay net profits into the municipal treasury." After citing many reasons why municipal ownership ought to result in a large saving to the people the report concludes by recommending the passage of the following: Resolved, That the legal committee of the Hoard of Trade be, and It ia hereby Instructed to prepare and press before Congress, a bill providing for the condemnation of the plants of the Washington Gas Light Company, the United States Electric Lighting Company, and the Georgetown Gas Corrpany, and also providing for the raising ot sufficient money to pay therefor, and also for the 'conduct hereafter of the lighting business by the District of Columbia. . It will be noticed that this resolution does not declare any preference between gas and electric plants, but favors placing the whole lighting business under municipal ownership and control. That is the distinct tendency of the times, and one of which every progressive city should take cognizance. During a recent visit to Kansas City, General Crittenden, United States consul at Mexico City, gave a reporter a list showing the comparative prices of some articles In the two countries. Following Is a part of the list: In U. S. In Mex. Soda crackers, per pound.... $ .03 Ginger snaps, per pound OS ITrult citinpil 11 $ .23Vi 1.121, .72 . 16.96 MM 11.11 17.61 2!.0i 18.43 .30 .32! 3 KTruit, preserved 12 i egetables, canned 11 Flour, per barrel 3.C0 Corn meal, per barrel..: S.H0 Rolled oats, per barrel 4.10 Hcmlny grits, per barrel..:... 3.7 Sago, per barrel 5.3i Tapioca, per barrel 5.30 Peas, split, per barrel. 5.30 Ham. per pound.. A2VS Cheese, American, per pound. .VV.z This difference in the price of staple articles in the two countries is mainly due to the difference In the currencies. A Mexican dollar, though it contains more silver than the American dollar, Js worth only a little more than half as much. When a Mexican merchant desires to purchase a bill' of goods In the United States his dollars are worth, say, 54 cents in United States money. What he buys for a dollar in this country requires a draft for nearly $2 on his Mexican banker to pay for it. The same is true of purchases in other foreign countries. This in a large degree accounts for the difference In the above list of prices, the Mexican prices being stated In the currency of that country. As a rule everything is very high in Mexico except articles which are made In that country, and wages. The latter range from 25 to 50 cents a day In Mexican currency, and yet those who earn this miserable pittance have to pay for what tbey buy at the above rates. Such facts as these ought to hasten the end of the moribund free-silver movement in this country. t The weakness of the bosses of the Debs railroad organization is exposed by the miserable failure of the attempt to tie up the Great Northern railway. The order was Issued, the predictions were sent out, and at one or two points there was a little Interference with the working of the road, but it was of slight duration. All of this goes to show that the Debs method of settling differences between employers and employes on railroads has had Its day. The Debs organization may boast Increasing membership, but It will not attempt to repeat

the role of July, 1S94. Meantime. If there are those in large numbers who desire to make a demonstration' in lionor of Debs when he leaves prison it is a satisfaction to know that the most zealous of them will not take his advice should he again direct that the transportation of the country shall be paralyzed. By a curious coincidence, on the very

day it was stated that Mr. JL B. McCullagh, the brilliant editor of theiSt. Louis Globe-Democrat, was a candidate for United States Senator from Missouri the paper contained an editorial article on "Political Availability," in which it was said: . , i i ' It is a singular and significant fact that the available man in politics is usually the man who has no definite convictions, and whose chief merit lies in his ability to gracefully straddle all , difficult and dangerous issues. As. a rule, the men who are most courageous and honest in the expression of their views, and who can be relied upon to follow a given course at any cost, have th- greatest trouble in securing nominations for office. After this it was hardly necessary for the editor to deny that he was a candidate. Indeed, the fearless editor of a dally.newspaper Is not apt to be an available man in politics. .f . The alleged scheme which the Robyltes announce for the evasion of the law of Indiana regarding winter , racing Is a bold defiance of the sovereignty of the State and the wishes of a large majority of the best people who live in it. ' Winter horse racing has been denounced in every State where It has been practiced as a cruelty, and as such It has been exterminated. The races are not trials of speed, but gambling games to win money. It is very doubtful if this alleged scheme of having three Iracks and racing on each of them alternately, so as to erade the provisioj,which Is designed to limit such racing to a few days, will stand in law. ' If the devotees of the free coinage of sliver desire to form a party of their own, as has been suggested by Senator Jones, of Nevada, Republicans will not serloiisly object. Such an organization would give the Populists a new name and a home for the Blands and the Bryans, who now seem to be political wanderers. To print the . speeches of Senator Jones, Mr. Bland and General Weaver would give employment to a few men, with the only drawback that those of the Senator can be sent free of postage to be mailed by the zealots of the fiftycent dollar who are scattered here anQ there about the country.. The statement that the defects in. the construction of the battle ship Texas are owing to the fact that she was built on faulty plans purchased from England suggests an inquiry - why the United States government should be purchasing such plans from England.' What are our naval engineers and7. draughtsmen educated at governmeht 'expense for? If they could have furnished better plans; as doubtless they, could, why were they ordered from England? It is underStood that these plans, were purchased by Mr. W. C. Whitney when he was Secretary of the NavyGovernor Mattnews's Thanksgiving proclamation. Judged by ita length,, would give one the. impression that the executive feels' that those things for which' he has real cause for thanksgiving are few Indeed. " If such proclamations are to be Judged by the number of the special blessings of the author, Gov ernor Matthews, politically, could have excused himself from the task of writing a line of thanksgiving. As it Is, one can easily Imagine .from his proclamation that he regards proclamation writing in the nature of a bore this year. Discussing the means for. Increasing the revenue, the New York Sun says that the Republicanswill not irritate the brewers by increasing the tax on beer. If Mr. Lleber ypoke for; the brewing interest when he declared that it would be arrayed against the; Republicans in jnatlonal politics next,-year, the Republicans in Congress cannot Increase the irritation which already exists. i Hi nnLEs ix the Ain. Qualified. "H'm. Want to be poet laureate, do you?" said the royal high general secretary. "Ever had any practice In that sort of thing?" "Why, .yes, rather,' answered the applicant. "I used to be advertisement writer for a store that dealt in shopworn goods." Ivnerr the Symptom. "Better git them ''ducks out," said the barkeeper, to the bouncer,' "before they git to fightinVM ,vrf , "Which ducks?" ' "Them two scttln atthe fur table, that's tellin each other what good friends they are." Miif. "I have here said the gentlemanly agent, "a book which will show sou how. to do in three hours the work which now takes eight." "Yes; ami then the .'boss would reduce my pay five-eighths,"' said the bookkeeper. "I'll take It, I don't think." In Proper Condition. "I'd like to get off to-night," said the second reporter. "l am so bilious I can hardly see." "We are rather crowded," said the managing editor. "I don't see how we can spare any one. However, I will give you a Job that will just suit you.' Suppose you write up the theaters." . v Our Charity OrjcanUatton. Indianapolis has many institutions of which its people may be proud, but one of them for which they can reserve their commendation and admiration is tho Charity Organization. It is probable that no city In the country of its class has so limited a number of destitute and aimless poor or in which there is so little suffering through pauperism and its. kindred evils. This is due, in part, to the fact that we have not had the totals of our pauperism increased by pauper immigration, but still more to the fact that pauperism In Indianapolishas been Intelligently dealt with. For the general plan and Tor the putting of It Into practical operation Indianapolis will owe a debt It cannot pay to the late Oscar C. McCulIoch. Rut he would have failed If he had not had the faithful and efficient co-operation of the ablest business men of the city and of others of practical capacity in organization. And now but for the persistent efforts of the phUanthroplc men who are the officers of the Charity Organization, and the real and Intelligence of employes and others , who co-operate with them, pauperism would soon increase In this city. It was proved during the winter of 1S939i that the municipality, as a government. Is wholly unfitted to deal with pauperism intelligently. The city officials have In times past paid out thousands to afford temporary relief, but It has been dispensed In such a manner that the ranks of pauperism have been increased by hundreds and street beggars hav been multiplied. Tho system

adopted and successfully carried out in Indianapolis has been to so wisely extend aid as to curtail pauperism and to encourage self-support. That system, which is being extended every year, is the deadly foe of

vagabondage and the resultant pauperism. In recent years pauperism has been fought among the children by efforts to keep them in school, by seeing that they are com fortably clothed. No one feature of the work of the organization is more remarkable than the Dime Saving Society. Through its scorces of unpaid workers people who are the objects of charity at times are In duced to save a little money when they have employment. To encourage such people the, organization has a collector. The fact that she made 13.004 collections during the past year and collected from those who have been or may be the objects of charity from $1.23 to $1.50 a week proves the Immense importance of the work in that direction. By. this agency alone, prob fably scores of people are kept out of the ranks of pauperism. There is one sugges tion in the report which should be acted upon, and that is that people who are in the way of being- solicited on the streets or in places or business lor a dime or a quarter to buy a meal should supply themselves with the tickets of the Friendly Inn and offer them to those asking for aid. In many cases they will be rejected, but when they are the would-be giver can bo assured that the - applicant is not hungry or without lodging, but de sires money for other purposes. To carry on this broadening and benefi cent , work money is needed more than the organization has. Last year only 262 persons contributed to Its funds. Four or fives times that number could contribute small amounts, which would enable the philanthropic workers to extend their beneficence into new fields. Even when the "Charities" carried the city so successfully through the severe winter of 1SD3-94, the leaders' did not solicit subscriptions of the mass of people, but relied upon the liberal subscriptions of comparatively a snull number. In some way a larger num ber of people should be brought Into person al interest with this great work of suppressing pauperism by contributing to its sinews of war. i . ABOUT PEOPLE AND THIXCJS. Oscar Wilde's creditors are said to receive about $100 h day as the Income from his works. , Friends of Mrs. Agassiz have founded a $6,000 scholarship at Ratcllflfe College to be called the Elizabeth Carey Agassiz scholarship. Of Barney ' Barnato, Harper's Weekly declares: "Aladdin was a duffer compared with him, and Monte Cristo seems beside him like an unostentatious gentleman of comfortable means." An eminent German pencil maker, now dead, has over his grave a gigantic stone representation of half a lead pencil set as a tombstone. It is of red sandstone, with a core of graphite several inches in diameter. The Princess of WaJes, who is very, far from being wealthy, has received a pleasant windfall of $50,000 from the late Emperor of Russia. Ho was very fond of-his sister-in-law. and this legacy was formally set down in his will. Max O'Rell tells the story of a chairman ho had at one of his lectures, who, on Introducing him to the audience, spoke for an hour and a half.' The lecturer then rose, and quietly proposing a vote of thanks to the chairman for his excellent address, sat down again, and the meeting closed. "Fighting Bob"-Evans, who Is to" command the new battle ship Indiana, Is' said to be one of the least showy men in the United States service, but one of the strongest. His left leg is lame from a twist it received at Fort Fisher, where, while a midshipman, Evans showed very daring bravery. ; It is a curious fact that the German Emperor's favorite dish is a lemon souffle, and his favorite drink with it Is champagne and seltzer water, but on ordinary occasJons he likes beer better than anything else. The Emperor of Austria is particu larly fond of veal cutlets, and his favorite wine Is tokay. Alderman Coughlln, of Chicago, one of the most unpleasantly characteristic of the Windy City's legislators, is preparing to introduce an ordinance In Councils calling for a twelve-foot brick or stone wall to be built around all cemeteries. "Cemeteries are bad places at best, and I want them covered' up as much as possible," says the Solon. "I want the walls .ornamented on the outside, and It might be a good idea to sell the space to advertisers." Marlon Butler, of North Carolina, youngest of the members of the new Senate, Is tall and slender and much like, a college professor in outward appearance. He has prominent features, dark brown hair, mustache and pointed beard. Mr. Butler is thirty-two years old'. His father was an extensive slaveholder, and he was reared on a plantation, but the war deprived him of his family possessions. Senator Butler has already reached Washington to look for quarters for the winter. All France is talking of the extraordinary attainments of Mile. Jeanne Benaben, who received the college degree of bachelor of arts two years ago, when she was sixteen. She then became professor of philosophy In a woman's college at Lyons, and this year was a candidate at the Horbonne for the important degree of licentiate in philosophy. The examiners, though prepared for a prodigy, were amazed at the extent of her erudition, .and her serene composure in dealing with the vexed problems of Descartes, Kant and Comte. She was third on the list of 200 candidates, all of them older than herself, and is now a lecturer -on the science of the mind . In the. college of Rouen. ..MaSSSSSSaaiBaBSSSSaaBBSBMBSMSMSISaVBBBlHWBaBMM Autumn Sonic. In spring the poet is glad, ( And In summer the poet is gay; But in autumn the poet Is sad. And has something sad to say. For the wind moans In the wood. . And the leaf drops from tho- tree; And the cold rain falls on the graves of the ?ood. And the cold mist comes up from the sea. And the autumn songs of the poet's soul Are set to the passionate grief Ot winds that sough and bells that toll The dirge of the falling leaf. Forceythe Willson, A Definition of Americanism. Robert Grant In Scrfbner's Magazine. It sterns to me to be. first of all. a consciousness of unfettered Individuality, coupled with a determination to make the most of self. One great force of the American character is its naturalness, which proceeds from a total lack of traditional or Inherited disposition to crook the knee to any one. It never occure to a good American to be obsequious. In vulgar or ignorant personalities this point of view has sometimes manifested Itself, and continues to manifest Itself, in swa"er or insolence, but in the finer form of nature appears as simplicity of an unassertive yet dignified type. Gracious politeness, without condescension, on the one hand, or fawning, on the other. Is noticeably a trait of the beat element of American society, both among men and women. No Wonder, Philadelphia Ttecord. Statistics show that on an average every man. woman and child In New York city counting in the police and the Prohibitionists drinks two and a half barrels of beer annually. No wonder the antl-gumptuarists won such a famous victory! vasjrarsasaMSMBBHMsarBMraiHrrMBsssBBrsarrBSsarMHSJS A Protent. New York Evening Sun. What have we done that M. Zola should want to put us in a book? Isn't It near time that foreign writers should Rive up thinking that they can master the peculiarities of sixty millions of Americans in a fortnight? Election Echo. Wellsville (Pa.) Standard. ' "The traitor's foot is on thy soil. Maryland, my Maryland." That was on Monday, but he took his hoofs off on Tuesday. And may the sands of time fill his tracks speedily. Word ot Approval. Kansas City Journal. The law firm of Cleveland, Olney and Carlisle miht do well. Mr. Olney J a pretty coed lawyer. (

SOME GREAT FORTUNES.

The XnmlrrbHt Wedding IlrlnR Them l'p for Dlncnaalon. New York Letter. In Philadelphia Press. Since the wedding we have heard some suggestive comparisons made concerning the. fortunes which, by and by, will pass into the control of the. Amerlcah-born Duchess and the American-born Countess, and .the impression is that the mistress of the palace once owned by Marie Antoinette, who was, only two or three years ago, the school girl Anna Gould, will bring to her family the greater fortiine. For, while It is probablytrue that the Vanderbilts, as a family, pos sess greater riches than any other Americau family, perhaps greater than any family in the world, yet that wealth is under no single or even joint control, but Is already divided, and, In the course of comparatively few years, must be again divided among those of the fourth generation from the cre ator of the family fortune. On the other hand, the Gould fortune is practically Intact, and is certain to remain thus controlled for many years. Thus massed, it has already been possible for the trustees, of . whom George Gould is really the controlling Influence, greatly to increase it sinoe the death of Jay Gould. When Mr. Gould died h9 estate was inventoried at $74.t00,uoo. Those who have some knowledge of tne estate and the manner in which it has been managed are of the impression that it nas been Increased by nearly $10,000,00") since mr. Gould's death, and that, too. in spite of the business depression which began not long after Mr. Oouid passed away. It nas Deen maue clear that it is the purpose of George Gould, his brother Edwin and the other trustees to manage this property In the most conservative ; way. The' do not and probably never will use one dollar of tneir wealth for speculation In the market. The estate controls three great properties, the Missouri Pacific . system, the Western Union TeleeraDh Comnanv and the Man hattan Elevated. The future of two of these great corporations seems secure, so far as any business may be judged permanent and Increasingly profitable. These are the Missouri Pacific and the telegraph company. What may be in rtore for the elevated railway systems of New York is not so clear. The tendency for a year or two has been toward a withdrawal of patronage. But Mr. Gould believes that this is only temporary and the improvements which he and Mr. Sage have in view, involving probably a wide departure from methods employed since the cars of the company began running, will, it is thought. wKoily overcome the present tendency to abandon the elevated for the cable roads. It Is with the development and conservation of the.se properties that George Gould and his fellow-trustees are almost wholly occupied. He expects that with the settlement of the Southwest and the general growth of the country the Missouri Pacific will become one of the most valuable railway systems in the United States, as it is now one of the largest. When it earns all that Mr. Gould believes that it. will be possible for it to earn, perhaps not in the near future, but while he and his co-heirs of the Gould estate are still young, its securities will greatly appreciate, so that that portion of the Gould fortune is quite likely to be doubled within the next twelve or fifteen years. , The telegraph company is capitalized for almost exactly the same! sum that represents the capital of the New York Central, the. distinctively Vanderbilt railway system. But it.s believed that the, interest of the Goidd estate in. the telegraph corporation is considerably larger than that of the Vanderbilts In the New York Central. In fact, the impression has existed for a 3-ear or two that the Vanderbilt holdings in the New York Central do not control that property, and that Mr. Plerpont Morgan and Mr. William Rockefeller, personally, and with the interests which they represent, really possess control. The Vanderbilts. of course, have large holdings in the chief railway system In New England and in those railways extending west and Houthwest from Buffalo, as well as In tho Chicago & Northwestern. All of the rail ways identified with the anderbllts make in the aggregate the most colossal direct and indirect association of railway systems of the world. But the name' Vanderbilt is more descriptive, and In a - way generic,: than indicative of personal ownership, whereas the Missouri Pacific system is in the ownership of the Goulds, as it has been since Jay Gould created it. Russell Sage has, since the. death of Jay Gould, been , quoted as saying that if the present management of the Gould estate continues for twenty-five years, or for about the time that the old Commodore Vanderbilt found necessary for establishing his enormou3 fortune, it will probably become the largest" undivided property In the country. Even at a natural increase it is growing at the rate of about $4,000,000 a year, the increase each year being proportionately larger than that gained for the year be fore. . Of course the increase of the aggregate wealth of the present Vanderbilt family Will. In the natural course of the country's development, be larger than that of the Gould estate, but It is very doubtful whether that may be said of the wealth of any one of the branches of the family. In one sense the Vanderbilt- properties are managed as in the Gould estate for the interests; so far as business direction is concerned it is almost wTholly in the hands of Mr. Cornelius Vanderbilt. Mr. W. K. Vanderbilt keeps a sharp eye on the properties, but does not give them the active direction which employs so -much of Cornelius Vanderbilt's time. Frederick Vander bilt and the youngest brother, George, re alize fully that it is necessary for the bes,t interests of the properties that they be riaced almost unreservedly In the control of that one of the brothers, who is re garded as the head of tho family, Cornelius anderbllt. The Vanderbilt possessions, all told, are estimated now to be not far f rom .$20").0X,000, a sum which, if it - represented the wealth of one man, would unquestionably cause him to be correctly regarded as the richest man of modern times, perhaps of all time. But this great-wealth Is in divided possession, while the Gould property is practically undivided.' Probably the Gould estate 1s now nearly,' if not quite, as large as the wealth of either Cornelius Vanderbilt or of William K. Vanderbilt. It is not as large, however, as the 'fortune of William Waldorf Astor, and probably a little smaller than the inheritance which a few years ago came into the-possession of John Jacob Astor. The . Astor estates consolidated would probably, produce a sum not far apart from the estimated total possessions of the Vanderbilts. Individually non.of these men 01 enormous wealth can match the - riches which John I. Rockefeller has accumulated since 1SG3. although the Astor fortune in that year - was -estimated to be not far from the sum- which represents the present wealth of Mr. Rockefeller. In other -words. lust as the civil war was closing the Astors were correctly esteemed the richest of Americans, with possessions in the aggregate of more than $100,000,000. while Mr. itockefeller was lust revealing his genius as a conctructlve organizer and was worth not more than $.0,000. In a. little over. thirty years he has caught up -with the divided Astor estate, although his wealth does not equal the combined fortune of the Astors. ' - ' Mr. Rockefeller's riches will, it Is supposed by those who know something of his disposition, be held Intact probably during the lifetime of his children, for such comparatively Insignificant sum? as gifts of a million to his daughters and his son upon their marriage, and even his contribution cf some .seven millions to the Chicago University, which is the single object of his interest beyond his business, his family and hla church, will make slight drains upon the bulk of his wealth, l.ndoubtedly he is now possessed of greater wealth than any other individual capitalist In the United Stats. Probably his riches, with those of his brother William, would make the Rockefeller family tho third richest family in the country, being exceeded only by the aggregate wealth of the Vanderbilts and the Astors. Nome People Cull This' Humor. Washington Post. ' Gene Field, the dead humorist and poet. ' was a Joker at all times. The most of his humor was never printed, for it was continuous in its happening, went forward every day. When he was city editor of the Kansas City Times he fcur.d a great amusement in annoying one of the staid and respectable characters employed on the paper. This, back in the very early eighties. The gentleman who was the target for Field's fun was a party called Ferguson. He was one of the make-ups on the paper, and a staid and dignified gentleman. He was intensely respectable and In Wyandotte, where he resided. Just over the line from Kansas City, he was the leader of a local temperance society. For over a year Field, on coming down to the paper to go to work, would write a personal concerning Ferguson, Sometimes its phrasing varied, but generally It run like this: t "Mr. Jchn Ferguson, the well-known make-up of the Times composing room, appeared for work yesterday evening in his usual beastly state of intoxication." This entertaining bit Field would send down in some bundle of copy, and the others of the composing room, who were in a fashion in tacit league with Field, would set It up and say nothing. Poor Fergu.on knew that this awful personal was in their midst, and every nlslu would go carefully, over every rralley for the purpose of locat-' Ins and killinj it. It gave him vast trou

ble.- Every now and then FWd would nof wrlte h!s personal a rout Ferguson and then the bc-deviled Ferguson was wor off than ever. As long as he couldn't tind It, it might still be there. It almost drove the poor man off the paper. Now and then it escaped his eagle eye and was printed. On such occasions Ferguson' burdens w ere beyond the power of even a Christian, t--pirit to bear.

Till: AIIT OF AttVlIHTISlXG. Pointers on a Pertinent Subject (ilretf l nn Kiperlenred Advertiser. Cincinnati Enquirer. Mr. Frank A. Lee. president of the Johm Church Company, read a paper before ti.o Manufacturers' Club Saturday evening m which some points were presented that are of great interest to business men. Mr. Lee showed that the volume of advertising of the present day in the United States is about twenty times what it was in 1813, and twice what It was in 1S80. whil the past five years are thought to have shown an Increase of 20 per cent, over IKK). The annual receipts of advertising of some of the big magazines are $023.0. to fo.7j.o00, and this country now expends $223.P00.1OO annually in advertising. Mr. Le fepoke as follows: Avoid the excessive use of superlatives, simply stating your article Is the best. If It is the best no objection can exist to statements of certain facts which you know make It best. Substantiate what you pay. remembering you have to convince people who live In a skeptical age. Take space sufficient or more for your wants, and thia cut down your matter. Say what you have to say in fewer rather than more words, and keep in mind the fact that reciprocity is the first law of business, and that if the public feels from your advertising that you are trying to get something for nothing, that you may as well or better withdraw that advertisement, even if you pay for the blank ppace !t occupied. Nor is an adveitisement a good one which neither excites comment nor creates Interest among those for whom it Is intended. It is not a good advertisement, and would best remain unwritten. Certain Fpace you must pay for in an educational way, and treat the cost of It as you would the effort of a man who makes no sales, but you know he is going to after a limited experience. Advertise strongly on special points or features of your product. Those common to every machine of the same make let some other fan exploit. He is doing it for your product as well as your own. Do not ticket your advertisement with technical stock or trade terms (unless you explain . them); ordinarily they mean nothing to a. customer and are stumbling blocks to the discriminating public. The question. If you cannot do both, as to whether you will advent to influence the trade of the consumer alone or the dealer who buys your product for resale is sometimes a hard one to decide. Personally. I incline far to the side of advertlflng entirely to influence the consumer. If you can make him ask for the good hard enough you don t have to advertise to catch the dealers' trade. The best advertising is that which comes nearest to actually selling goods to the greatest number, and each advertisement should be Imbued with the. idea which may result in an order. There . is, perhaps, unfortunately, little true originality to be brought forth in advertising,' therefore. I cannot see that new combina tions are not legitimately formed from the Lest part of others. In advertising you can rarely bv uirely original if you want to be; " vou woulr' foolish if vou alwavii wanteA . to be. If '.art out 10 equip your matter ; with th jly new ideas without culling from o'l you have a hard Job. What oix earth h, all the advertising of the world been for if it. cannot help us in something? You can take an old Idea, and, with scant reverence for its skin-dried form, place it in a new dress applicable to your wares, and make of It a better and more effective a i. than another which may be full of brain nn rarer j"nH orltHnnlltv vnt .-!fh fanltc xthl.'1-i kill its trade-pulling power. So-called originality should not be carried to an extreme. The ad. not original which comes nearest to Belling good is better than the ultra-original which brings no returns. Bear In mind, however, that people are unlike: one style constantly persisted In'resxches one portion only. A judicious variation is necessary, to Influence all classes who buy your product. . Bright thoughts on presentation of your matter . may - often come from employes who have no connection with your advertising, department.. You don't know how bright some of the jeople tinder you are. If you find such a man give him encouragement to express himself and leave with hima de?ire to help out next time with what may be a timely suggestion. Have your matter set up to attract th eye. Here occurs room for the exercise of individual taste. nd after this is accomplished as a whole set forth or emphasize the "feature of your matter. As -a rule, strength and plainness in typography make a better Impression than more ornate forms. To advertise advantageously requires both experience and Judgment. Without a knowledge of. the character and clrculatfpn of the public journals much of your expenditure may be wasted on. mediums which, while good in themselves, may have a divided or an Inappropriate circulation. The point of view of each advertiser is a different one. varying as to product and experience. To each the value of no medium depends on the quantity of circulation, but rather on a circulation and the quality or character of such circulation. When content with this and its worth to you. buy advertising space as you would mercantile supplies of any kind. Do not over-' load, and purchase with knowledge that the most expensive medium are not always too high In price; they may have a r1ht to be just where they , are, and also that the poorest advertising is not necessarily the lowest in price, nor that the lowestnrlru1. nuullum 1 rv r-fnrr I he most f 'O- . nomical. in the best; wy you can, advertise all your business will permit not more but beware tne tcyna 01 noi advertising enough 1n avoiding the Charybdta of a too .excessive expenditure. Out present trale or manuraciure is founded on a past of greater or less duration. We draw our nourishment of to-day. from the present: and we reckon our mer cantile prospect or tne ruture. to rar as I can se any broad cessation of advertising can come only through a future annihilation of all printing. 'and this would mean the beginning of the end of all progress. We cannot consider sucn a possibility. Futuro progress is In our grasp, hut strive we for ft; and, as in other" affairs of life, so in advertising. Prnlc for Terrell. Minister .Terrell, at Constantinople, has accomplished a most unusual aipiomauc success In securing the arrest of the twelve Kurds charged with the murder of ixnz. It; vnin nan mint niu - st year. Mr. Inz was killed in a wild' part of Turkey, wnere me ana property are . r elrwA a nsi linear stri 0 RrVf I J nwi IT ill txnj i in . 'inn 1 -vmdltions existing for two years back no one laminar wun uie iuuhvij cui i thought of risking life by taking the route he did. The Turkish government has stead ily deferred action and - Minister Terrell nas as nir-ftuuy jiupucu iui . delays have been long and disappointing. great to a degree not easily realized by jnUC ot l uioi4iiit.r iiiiitvt serves decided praise for securing even arrests under the circumstance.--, and It is t be hoped that the Slate Department will give him .the moral support and backing v. i v. ..-m in th nn vlrt Inn and f vf ni. lliv.il mil .. " tion of the murderers. X Protest. New York Eveplnj Sun. a certain emotional section of New York's voung women are once more prostrate at the "feet-of the long-haired pianist Paderewski. That the attraction Is largely a personal one nobody can doubt. The age of mot of tre adorers Is an impressionable one. Anybody who knows anything about the feminine young person is aware of the fact that if vou take a hundred of her not more than thirty have any discriminating raosle! taste. Therefore a serine of the jerformer'a greatness dos r.pt explain the cult, so far as it affects the othr seventy. Th3 behavior of a Paderewskl audience is very suggest lv of the enthusiasm of a religious revival meeting. The subjects become irresponsible. It is an intereftlnz psychical phenomenon that Is worthy of scientific attention and investigation. Lots of Them. Philadelphia Inquirer. . - Purrant has written a book. "How It Feels to Be on Trial for Murder." Thtre are a number of people in -different h;ate who. after their experience on TusJay last, could write an excellent treat! on the subject. "How It Feels to Be Dead and Burled." tHBfjSSSSlBBBSSBSBSBSSSSaaSBaiaSSSaSBJSSWSSBHBBSBSBkSVSSBBSBSBaBBSS 1 lletrlctlnct (lie .Number of Saloon. New York World. : The restriction of saloons to the legitimate demands of the public wou'.d irntrove their character, relieve the proprietors from brewers mortgage and re lieve the trade of much of the odium tha now attaches to It. Can Rtsjy In Srw York. Philadelphia. Press. Well, there is one fortunate thing fot Price, of Wall street. He will not reiu!rs that his washing be done in Oh'.o In the fu ture; his need of a residence there Is forever squashed. Sacartons Old Roman. Boston Herald. It was Allan G. Thurman w;io once r marked: "D n a public man who Ltty . a diary, anyway."