Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 March 1894 — Page 4

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, THURSDAY, MARCH 29, 189 1.

THE DAILY JOURNAL THURSDAY. MARCH 29. 1S01 WASHINGTON OFFICE-SIS Fourteenth St, Telephone Calls. roMnctti Office 233 Editorial Rooms 212 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DA1LT BT JULO. rally cidy.cne month 70 iJfciijr only, three month IT . !"..".. 2 0( iJaiJj oiily. one year 00 i'JfirT' lnciVUl3K Sunday, ons TeirimjI"...IIlo!oo fctcuay wily, one year . vloo Vt'Hjtx rr axis hid et agexts. f,f,?' J week, by carrier 13 eta li.y Oid bunay. per week, by carrier 2o cu ftrYear jl.oo Reduced lUtea to Clob. Ft bciibe -with ar.y of oar nunierou agent or send ruli crlpticns to tho JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, EdjlANAPCLIS, IXU TtTrcT. penrflnar the Journal throojh the mII I lULDltnl btates should pnt on n etjrht-pajw 3;r CHE-ciT pnftape stump; on a twelve or sixteeii'iaepair a TwtKrT i3tae staai y. I'urehja poi&. ie Is usually double these rale. A U comtnunicalion$ intended for pubittatian 1t tliipaj'tr mvst.in order to receive attention, lews' tomj,aitita by the name and address of the writer. THK INDIANAPOLIS JOlKNAL Csa be found at the following places: I'AKIS American Hi change in Paria, SO Boulevard oe Capuclnes. KtW YOliK Gllsey House and Wlaikor UoteL I'lULADHLPIIIA A. IKemhla, S733 Lancaster avenue. CHICAGO Palmer House, Au21torlum noteL CL.' CIXX ATI J. Ii. Ilawlej fc Co, 134 Vine street jX)UISVILLE-C.T.Deerl2& lortaweat corner ot Hard and Jefferson streets. 6T. LOUIS Union 2Cews Company, Union Depot WASHINGTON. Ii. CiUfgs House and Ebbitt House. "It Is for the plantation, not for the fann," uiy9 Governor McKlnley of the Wilson bill a brief sentence, but a great fact. In 1832 the New York World raised a large campaign fund for Cleveland, and fcow. aa a strictly logical sequence. It la falsing a free-bread fund. "Labor of all kinds seems to have been singled out aa Its foremost victim" is another forceful comment of the Ohio Governor regarding the Wilson bill. General Coxey demands the demonetization of gold as well as silver. He Is an original flat-money advocate, and seemingly the bnly one now left In the Popull3t party. The Journal agrees with the St. Louis Globe-Democrat that Republicans cannot encourage the Populists in the South under eny pretext without a sacrifice of principle. Before Coxey's army gets to Washington the snow is likely to be so deep that it will have to make its own roads, and the services of the government in that line will be less urgent. Washington gossip says that Pension Commissioner Lochren is trying to secure a lace on the Interstate-commerce Commission. He is probably tired of the thankless Job of making war on the pensioners. If a Republican administration had compounded the Carnegie armor-plate frauds against the government every Democratic newspaper and every Democratic Congress"Iriaii would have demanded the impeachment Of the President who did it. President Cleveland justified his Hawaiian throne restoring policy on the ground that it was "necessary .to right a wrong." He reduces the fine against Carnegie from $100,000 to $140,000 under the pretense of doing justice. His idea of equity is unique. "A revenue tariff is an enemy to the American shop, the American workingman and 'American industrial independence." A million men believe Governor McKinley's statement now who did not in November, 1832; but they have attended the school of experience since. The last Legislature of Wisconsin passed D. law abolishing the three days of grace on commercial paper. The law will take effect on April 6, and will apply to all. commercial paper issued within the State on or after that date. It would simplify business transactions if such a law was enacted in all the Btates. When Senator Sherman offered a resolution for an investigation of the reports that persons in Omaha were coining silver dollars Senator Stewart, of Nevada, objected. Perhaps the Senator believes in the right Of Individuals to stamp 50 cents worth of silver one dollar, but there is a penalty attached to the selling of twelve ounces of butter for a pound. President Andrews, of Prown University, who believes in the free coinage of silver by the commercial world and opposes any echeme to have the United States assume the responsibility alone, says that is the ground for all the friends of sound currency and silver to assume. That Is the view which nine-tenths of the friends of a sound currency have held for years. The dispatch from Durango. Mexico, to the effect that wages have been cut from S3 and CO cents a day to- 25 cents Is commended to those persons who have been caught up with the Idea that the free coinage of silver will insure employment and high wages. Twenty-five cents a day, paid In silver which has but half of the purchase power of American money. Is not designed to rnako converts to free coinage. If Mr. Cleveland and every succeeding President would veto every measure authorizing an issue of silver certificates or paper currency of any kind, and would urge upon Congress with ceaseless iteration the duty of retiring every dollar of paper currency now outstanding, there would be reason to hopo that our financial system might be brought to a sound basis. This will never be as long as Congress continues to claim and exercise the right to issue paper currency and make it legal tender. The Home Market Club, in Boston, and others are contributing funds to assist the Jeffersonlan Democracy In Alabama In the coming campaign. The Kolb party is making the canvass primarily for honest elections. In 1S52 the Kolb people carried the white counties and probably elected their ticket, but were counted out by the regular Democratic officials, who are appointed from ons ptNty practically by the Governor. ' It may be possible that the Kolbltcs will force a fair count this year because the Democracy is somewhat rattled; nevertheless, when the vote tor Governor shill have

been declared after the first Monday in August, 1S04, the Journal expects to see the regular Democratic ticket successful.' It will take a long time to get election officers out of the habit of revising the work of the voters.

"WHAT FItCC SILVCll COINAGE WOULD DO. The advocates of free silver coinage at the present ratio, which would mean the expulsion of gold and the establishment of an exclusively silver currency in the United States, may learn a lesson from the recent annual report of the Mexican National railway. Like many American railroads the Mexican National Was built largely with foreign capital, and the Interest on Its bonds and mortgages which are held abroad 13 payable in gold. As its earnings and receipts are In silver dollars worth on!y 50 cents or less In gold it must earn and pay to Its creditors about twice as many silver dollars as it owes gold dollars. In other words, so far as its foreign creditors are concerned, it takes In half dollars and has to pay out dollars, and as the value of silver compared with gold has been steadily depreciating for many years past, the company's interest account has Increase In the same ratio. Thus in 1S31 the conversion of silver Into gold to pay Its foreign bondholders cost the company $283,600 premium; In JS02 the premium Increased to $5S8.74J, and In 1S33 to 1761,929. The same thing would happen In the United States on a larger scale If we should coma to a silver basis. It Is estimated that the interest and dividends paid to European creditors on American securities amount to $120,000,000 a year. This sum, of course, has to be paid in gold. As long as silver is maintained at par with gold there 13 no loss, but If we should adopt the silver standard- the earnings of our railroads and the receipts of the government would be In silver, while their foreign liabilities would have to be paid in gold. The effect would be practically to double our foreign Indebtedness, making the annual Interest account something like $240,000,000 Instead of $0,000,000. Like Mexico, we would take In half dollars and have to pay out dollars. This would soon bankrupt every railroad In the United States and probably the government itself. Of course the dangers here hinted at would be avoided under an International ratio, and that is the true solution of the sliver question. conx and conx rnoDtcTs. The New York Sun makes the following statement, which Is of special Interest to the farmers in the corn belt: On the 1st of March, 1S32, farm granaries were said to contain 830,000,000 bushels of corn, t-'lnce that time two crops have been harvested from a total of 142,600.000 acres, giving an aggregate yield of 3.21S.000.000 bushels; yet on the 1st of this month stocks In farmers' hands had been reduced to 5W.00O.O0O bushels. This shows that the consumption of the last two years has exceeded production to the amount of 270,000,000 bushels, notwithstanding that during each of these years the pigs fed have numbered about G.OOO.CXA) less than the average number fed during the four preceding years, and that during the last two years at least 25,000,000 bushel3 more of wheat have been used for feed than in any two previous years. The Sun finds in the foregoing figures 'evidence of the ; gradual diminution of the country's power to export grain, and especially corn and the products of corn in the form of meat and lard. The Sun proceeds: While the corn consumed since March, 1S92, in excess of the quantity harvested, added to the wheat fed, represents average yields of corn from 12.0u0,000 acres, this does not indicate the whole deficit of the corn area. The decrease of 6.000,000 in the number of hogs fed yearly represents an annual reduction of something more than 120.000,000 bushels in the corn consumed in pork production, or the equivalent of the product, annually, of 5.000,000 average acres. Hence It appears that to be able to export corn in primary and secondary forms in the same proportion to that consumed In the same forms at home as during the four years ending with 1S)2. at least 11,000.000 acres must at once be added to the area now available in existing cornfields, and 1.800.000 acres must be added annually to meet the requirements of each year's addition to the domestic population and to maintain the ratio of exports. While the figures and the conclusions cf the Sun cannot be disputed, the decrease in the stock of corn has not been attended with an advance in prices, but, on the contrary., the prices, of corn and Its products are lower now than two years ago. It is not the matter of supply and rrice which has caused the falling off In the export of corn and meat products the past two years, but the indisposition, or, more likely, the Inability of Europeans to purchase. It is probable that the low price of wheat ha3 had something to do in checking the export of corn the past two years. Another fact which should be taken into consideration 13 that Europe cannot be depended on for a market for corn and Its secondary products at prices which would be profitable to farmers. It is only the reciprocal arrangements such as the Harrison administration made with Germany, by which lower duties are accorded us than to others, that our products can be disposed of at remunerative prices in foreign markets. The means cf the misses who would purchase corn and corn products in Europe are so limited that they can purchase only when prices are low. The home market, with protected home industries, giving the mass of people the means to purchase corn products, is the great dependence of the farmers of the .corn belt. Unlike the what lands those upon which corn can be profitably produced are limited to the corn belt of the United States. The corn belt is already taken up. Better cultivation may produce more to the acre, but the area cannot be much widened. For that reason the lands of the real corn belt are the most permanently and Increasingly valuable in the world. A REVELATION OF TAX-EATIXG. If any reader of the Journal was surprised when he read the article in yesterday's issue setting forth some of the devices of the tax-eaters In Marion county, under the present regime, It Is due to his ignorance. It is an old story, because the abuses of which it Is but one chapter are older. A faithful going over of the records of the County Commissioners would afford several chapters like that published yesterday recitals of devices by which the money of the people is diverted to support an Increasing number of hangers-on. The fact that some one has been drawing a salary under the name of Dr. Robeson, alleged secretary of an alleged board of health for Marlon county, since June, when he disappeared. Is only an Illustration of the methods of the henchmen to fteal the money of the taxpayers. The paying of ZS.iTt for the Insurance of two workhouse horses shows the

fertility of resource of those persons who have a pull on the commissioners of Marion county. Next year, if the same or similar men are commissioners, the cost of insuring the horses will be increased. The horse leech is not the only animal which cries more. Officials like Assessor Wolf are not content with a liberal salary, but in one way and another show their industry in running up bills which add hundreds to their salaries. The person who knows how can find evidence that that official has been paid liberally for work which, if It were being done for a private party, would have had Its compensation in the annual salary agreed upon. The truth Is, the management or mismanagement of all the affairs of this county is honeycombed with frauds upon the taxpayer. The Democrat who gets Into position devotes his real energies to devising schemes to get money out of the treasury into his pocket. Have not the taxpayers had enough of this? If they have they can make a beginning by changing the Board of County Commissioners, a majority of which will be chosen in November. The Republicans owe It to the taxpayers to nominate not only two honest men, but two men who have backbone men who will not only put a stop to the present and increasing abuses, but will put the affairs of the county on a strict business basis. Such men are aspirants, and they should be nominated. A 3IISFIT.

The Detroit Tribune reprints the following from the Adrain Press (Dem.) of Nov. 23, ist!2: Republicans are predicting that great calamities will follow the advent of an administration that for the nrst time since 1S00 has the President and both branches of Congress. Let them do the worrying. The Democrat party will get along. There'll be no trouDie. There'll be no free trade. There'll be no wildcat currency. There'll be no subsidies. There'll be no upheaval of business. There'll be no fostering of monopolies. There'll be no radical legislation. There'll be no legislation harmful to our nanufacturing industries. There'll be no 150-per-cent. tariffs. There'll be no hesitation about bouncing Republican officeholders. There'll be no Incompetent appointments. There'll be no nonsense In any line of work. There'll be no force bills. There'll be no Reedlsm. There'll be no need of Republican advice. There'll be no tariff on salt, lumber, coal or wool. There'll be no decline in the price of wool or wheat. There'll be no use of Republican lying or grumbling or explaining. There'll be no decrease of pensions. This was printed two weeks after the election of Mr. Cleveland, and has the Democratic ring of that period. At that time the echo of "Grover. Grover, four years more of Grover" was still resounding throughout the land. The prophecy of dollar wheat and higher wages was still fresh in the mind3 of many credulous people. Thousands of deluded persons who had voted for a change were looking hopefully for the first signs, and almost expected to find gold dollars In their shoes every morning. The free-trade Congress had not yet met and the upheaval of business had not begun. Wheat had not yet started on the descending scale which was to carry it out of sight In the wrong direction. Wool still commanded a fair price and sheep were worth shearing. Mills and factories were running full-handed, and no soup houses had yet been opened. Everything was lovely and the air was vocal with shouts of Democratic victory and prophecies of Democratic good times. Well, how is It now? Just read the foregoing extract over again and see If it fits. HOW VETERANS "WERE CHEATED. At the time of the National Encampment of the Grand Army in Washington, In September, 1S02, the Democratic outlook was disheartening. It was there ascertained that the bulk of the veterans in the North were In the Harrison column and that thousands of veterans who had been Democrats were likely to vote for Harrison. What could be done? That was the question which a few Democratic politicians, some of whom were veterans, wrestled with In a secret meeting during the encampment As the result, it was agreed that a secret personal effort was to be made to bring Democratic veterans back Into the Cleveland line. A movement was made to organize a "Veterans' Tariff Reform League." Circulars were sent out from a New York headquarters, in one of which there was a headline, "The Right to Pensions Is Regarded as a Contract." In one of these circulars the following questions were put In bold type: Can the government, if It desires, repudiate the right to a pension? Can the payment of a pension be avoided? Are they not In the nature of a contract between the people and the pensioner, which continues during the life of the benetlclary? These questions were followed by opinions to the effect that a pension Is a contract. Then, In black type came the sentence: "No pensioner need have any fear that his pension will be taken away." To make assurance doubly sure, the nnal declaration Is made In these words: A pension is a contract, and because thereof, during life, a vested right. No, no. The country is safe the pensioner too with Mr. Cleveland. With this circular in hand active Democrats in nearly every township In Indiana saw and convinced every wavering veteran of Democratic antecedents that Mr. Cleveland was. In fact, as stanch a friend of the pensioner and the veteran as was General Harrison. Py this means several thousand votes were secured for Mr. Cleveland. Mr. Cleveland permitted these representations to be made, and then, when he came to select members of his Cablnnet he fell upon a sectional and natural foe of the Union soldier for the department in which is the Pension Bureau. One of the first acts of Secretary Hoke Smith was to repudiate 'the theory that a pension 13 a contract by assuming. In an executive order, that all of 300,000 pensions, under the act of June 27, 1W, were illegal and veld, and to set a board selected for the object to review them for the purpose of suspension. Commissioner Lochren has informed the House that a pension Is not a contract, and If the country had not rebuked the suspension of pensioners it would not have ceased when thirteen thousand had been dropped but would have gone on until the larger Iart of the 300,000 had been cut off. In this State, by far the larger part of those pensioned under the law of 1S0O were Democrats, because Democratic Congressmen pushed their claims, consequently two-thirds of those droprn-d are men who voted for Mr. Cleveland. Democratic Congressmen may

restore them, but they cannot again fool Indiana veterans as in 1SD2.

HOOItI.G A PIOXEER. The Governor of Iowa has sent a special message to the Legislature calling attention to the fact that Gen. George W. Jones, of Dubuque, will celebrate the ninetieth anniversary of his birth on the 12th of April, and suggesting that h3 be invited to visit the capital on that day and that he be received by the members of the Legislature in joint convention. The Legislature responded by adopting a joint resolution in accordance with the Governor's suggestion. The recipient of this graceful attention has had an interesting career. He was born in Vincennes, Ind., In 1804, twelve years before the State was admitted to the Union. At that time the Territory of Indiana included the present States of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. Iowa, lying west of the Mississippi river, was a part of the Territory of Louisiana, which was acquired by the United States in 1S03. Shortly after he had attained his majority young Jones anticipated Horace Greeley's advice by moving West. When he settled in Iowa It' had become a part of the Territory of Michigan, and In 1836 It became a part of the Territory of Wisconsin. Iowa became a separate territory in 1833 and a State in .1815, General Jones was identified with the political development of the State during all these changes. In 1S35 he was elected a Delegate to Congress from the Territory of Michigan, which at that time extended from Lake Huron to the Missouri river." He introduced a bill in Congress which organized the State of Wisconsin, and he was largely Instrumental in organizing the State of Minnesota. He gave Its name to the State of Iowa, and on its admission to the Union was elected its first United States Senator and served two terms. He gave their names to more than a dozen of its counties, and has lived to see it grow from a frontier territory to a great and prosperous commonwealth. The action of the Legislature is a. graceful recognition of tho services of one of the founders of the State. Justice does not get much of a show in the local courts at Chicago, but It Is still administered in the United States court, where a man has Just been given four years in the penitentiary for violating the naturalization laws. It was shown that, during the last municipal campaign, the defendant took three foreigners who had been in the country but a few months, into a local court, and had them made Into voters. In passing sentence on the defendant the court said: Under the federal . statutes men can be sent to prison for from one to fifteen years for making or passing counterfeit money. What is passing a counterfeit dollar compared with Interfering with the laws governing the right of citizenship? The laws which you have violated were made to protect our institutions. The court hopes that in the seclusion of 'the prison you will realize the enormity of your offense. The defendant Is a foreigner, and it was represented that he did not know he was violating any law, but of course that plea is not good in any case. Ignorance of the law excuses no Ones -and' it certainly should not excuse a foreigner who abuses the right of citizenship. . The Washington Press Club, which is noted for its waggery, sent a dispatch to Commander Coxey Tuesday night informing him that Washington was wildly enthusiastic over his proposed visit, that the residents were preparing; to decorate the houses and would turn out by thousands to meet him on the edge of the town. He was also advised to look out for two car loads of provisions that had been shipped to him and would meet him at some point along the road. This is the way the minions of a subsidized press try' to head off a great movement for the relief of the people. Attorney J. K. rWallace, of Pittsburg, who has had some correspondence with the Secretary of the Navy concerning the Carnegie armor-plate frauds, says the tone of the Secretary's letters indicates that he was very sore over the President's alterations in his first report and the reduction of the fine from 1 to 10 per cent. Wallace says that from the tone of the Secretary's letters he should not be at all surprised if he would withdraw from the Cabinet. While this is not probable there Is reason to believe that he' was very angry at the changes made in his report, as any man of spirit would be. ilL'IlRLCS IX THE AIR. A Slandered Profession. 'T don't believe that circus people are half as giddy as the average person thinks." "Certainly not. Where will you find a mere steady, well-balanced character than the tight-rope walker?" A Xum Ie l'lume. "Miss Timpkins-Timpklns tells me that she intends to publish her verses under a nom de plume 1 . ' .iiiluiijj'i "What is It?" "Evalina Timpklns-Ditto." Diverts Tlielr Attention. Watts I'll be g.ad when that horrltl? ciJ In Washington Is over and out of signi. Potts Oh, it's a good thing In its way. My wife has been so busy reading the newspapers that'Ehe has had no time to devote to either politics or Delsarte. I'a.sy Job. Weary Watklns-I think if I had my life to live over again I'd go into the astronomer business. Hungry Iligglns Wot sort of thing Is that? Weary Watkins W'y, jist watchin the stars. Feller could 'tend to that sort of job layin' on his back. Two Delaware Indians have been sent to a Keeley institute in Kansas City to take the gold cure. Several years ago a traveling magician gave an exhibition on one of the northern reservations. In the course of the performance he pulled a number of gold pieces from out the mouth of a yellow dog borrowed for the occasion. As soon as the show was over the guileless sons of the prairie caught the dog and cut him open to find If there were any more coins concealed within him. It is possible the Keeleyizd red men may suffer the same fate when they return to the reservation and it becomes known that they have been filled with the yellow metal. When a man's head is turned with liquor he Is Intoxicated; when his head is turned with wild and visionary schemes why not call him . in-Coxeylatcd? March is living up to the traditions. It came in like a lamb. Mr. John Kecdrlck Bangs who, as Democratic candidate for the mayoralty of Yonkers, N. Y., has suffered defeat, outiht to

have known better than to put himself In such a position. It was too good an opportunity for a long-suffering rjubllc to revenge itself for the bad poetry and worse jokes he had perpetrated. Also, It Is not a Democratic year. AHOLT PEOPLE A.D THINGS.

Canon Wilberforce, It Is said, thinks that animals, as well as man, have souls and will enjoy a future life. Dr. Seward Webb, president of the Wagner Palace Car Company, has the largest private park in the United States. It comprises 200,000 acres In the Adirondack mountain. Queen Victoria has said S3veral times that there were two men who flatly contradicted her and never toadied. One was Mr. Gladstone, the other her Scotch servant, John Brown. Since his rscent attack of the grip, the Czar has betrayed symptoms of a permanent affection of the lungs. He will probably make his imperial residence at Kiev, where the climate Is more favorable than at St. Petersburg. Senator George, of Mississippi, preserves the primeval customs of the plantation In Washington. He goes to bed not long after sundown usually between 8 and 9 o'clockrises in time for a 6-o'clock breakfast, and otherwise regulates his habits by the sun. In official dress the Sultan of Jahore wears, including his crown, J12.500.000 worth of diamonds. His collar, epaulettes, belt, cuffs and orders blaze with diamonds. On his wrists are heavy gold bracelets, and his fingers are covered with almost priceless rings. One of the most remarkable of English women speakers Is the Countess cf Carlisle. She will speak for a whole hour, or even two, without so much as a note, winning the hearts of her hearers by the extreme lucidity and the irresistible charm of her manner. Mrs. Cleveland takes more out-door exercise nowadays than she used to take. Until quite recently she was rarely seen in the street except in a carriage, but now she may be frequently observed out walking, attired very simply In modest costumes. She is said to be growing stout. The late Prof. John Tyndall, the eminent British scientist, gave to Harvard In 18S5 the sum of $10,000 to found scholarships for one or more students who may show decided talent In physics. This sum was part of the proceeds or lectures delivered by Professor Tyndall in America In 1872. The man who this year won the great prize in the Spanish national lottery was a butcher at Saragossa, His total gain would have amounted to 70.000 if he had taken the entire risk himself, but as It Is he unfortunately divided his ticket among some two hundred partners, though he kept the largest share himself. The office of archpriest of St Peter's. Rome, to which Cardinal Rampolla has Just been appointed, 13 considered the most Important office In the church next to the papacy; and the titular dignity is designated by the Italians as "Mezzo Papato." Cardinal Rampolla, who Is fifty-one years of age, was born in Polizzi, in Sicily, and Is regarded as the ablest of all the cardinals. A new Messiah, who has method in his madness, has risen, and is creating some stir near Dubuque, la. His inspiration was a dream in which his mother commanded him to exterminate the Pope and Catholicism, the Sages and Vanderbilts. Prior to thi3 he demands the erection, in "Boot Yard Hollow," of the grandest temple on earth filled with diamonds and precious stones. Converts are requirad to buy from him for J2 a badge of his order of freemen, on which a rising sun is pictured. SHREDS AND PATCHES. Joseph was a good young man, but he would never have made a Congressman. Plain Dealer. A statesman's publick morrels can't be much better than his privet morrels is. J edge Wax em. The "era of low prices" felt very much surprised when it ran up against the Easter hat. Kansas City Journal. Boggs Do people buy fewer flowers these hard times? Florist No; but they pay fewer bills. Harper's Bazar. French way of complimenting the old lady: "Ah, madam, you grow every day to look more like your daughter." Tid Bits. Mr. Cleveland approaches the vacuum bill with the same extreme caution, that an elephant approaches a hole in the ground. New York Press. There is at least ono thing that no one has ever seen, and that is an honestly itemized personal account book. Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph. Denver is suffering from a "reform" Governor, and the rest of us hopeless mortals from a "reform" President. New York Commercial Advertiser. Editor Stead went home about three weeks too soon. He lost the opportunity of his life when he missed the Breckinridge trial. Philadelphia Press. "The way to sleep," says a scientist, "is to think of nothing." But this Is a mistake. The way to sleep is to think it is time to get up. Tid Bits. People who believe In free raw ( material ought to like this weather. Raw March winds are coming in very freely. Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph. Mr. Breckinridge's position suggests the propriety of Congressmen having chaperons. But, then, who would chaperon the chaperons? Cincinnati Tribune. The moral of the Pollard case is that middle-aged statesmen should strenuously resist all efforts of school girls to entice them into taking carriage rides. Kansas City Journal. Mllvrmikeeuiis Not all Brewers. Milwaukee Sentinel. The tacit assumption by the outsld world that the inhabitants of Milwaukee are all brewers Is continually cropping up. The New York Herald brings tnls subject to mind again in its account of the reported engagement of the actress. Miss Odette Tyler, to a son of the late Jay Gould. It says that she went to Milwaukee last spring, when it was said she intended to marry a man named Gould, a wealthy brewer In that city. The fact that there Is not and never was a brewer named Gould in this city is entirely beside the question. It Is the established custom in the outside world of referring to any and all men of Milwaukee as brewers that calls for mild rebuke. No doubt the writers who consider this city to be a city of beer and all its inhabitants brewers conjure up delightful visions of the life here, and It may be admitted that the possible attractions of fueh a city have something distinctly alluring to a vivid imagination coupled wir.h a fondness for beer. No doubt many oi us would not object to being brewers, more especially wealthy brewers, but even in Milwaukee the field is sadly limited. For the sake of variety and veracity or at least verisimilitude, we suggest to several esteemed contemporaries that Milwaukee men be occasionally classed as something besides brewers. Proud as -we are of our mighty brewers, we want the rest of the community to have a fair show. Gresham's Peculiarities. New York Press. Gresham is suspicious by nature. He trusts nobody, and is always afraid that some one of his subordinates 13 trying to take advantage' of him. If you vere to see him in the morning and were to mention incidentally that he had better keep his eye on one of his clerks, the si:ggestion would sink Into his mind. He would think it over until he got to his desk In the department, and by that time he would have concluded that the clerk was a dangerous fellow to have around, and he would promptly chop off his official head. After it was all over he would give the poor fl5ow a trial and a chance to exonerate himself, but in the meantime the iosition would have been filled by somebody else. Grasham is the same outside the department as in. He lives at the Arlington, and he roams about in the lobby in the evening, sits on the sofas under the electric lights and spins yarns. When he gets to his own roc;n he peels off his coat, unbuttons his .vest, throws himself at full length on the sofa, flings his hands over his had and smokrs and talks. Sometimes his boots are on. but more often he Is in his stocking feet. If anybody knocks at the door he sings out. "I'ome in," without taking the trouble to get up. Little Ruth' Body Guard. New York Press. When Miss Ruth Cleveland goes out to play in the rear of the White House a proctsslcn of considerable h!z. emerges from the door of ;:ie executive mansion, and the whole proceeding l.- marked with a Kreat deal of formility. First comes tho nurse with an armful of toys, then a policeman, then two clos, tnen another nunie, holding Miss Ruth by the hand, and then one of th White House guarda. The procession U always formed In the tame way.

THE PENSION BUSINESS

Under the Present Policy Agents See Their Incomes Vanish. They Have Mad? Money, bnt Not Throuffli Exorbitant Fees Causes for the Decrease in Business. Washington Post. "No. there are no more fortunes to be made out of the pension business," declared a pension attorney of this city who has turned his attention almost exclusively to real estate. He spoke In reply to a Post reporter's suggestion that there is not so much gained in prosecuting pension claims as In former years. "It cannot be said," he went on, "that the business Is dead, but It might as well be for all a man can get out of It nowalays. And yet there Is money In the claims I have locked up In my files or before the Pension Bureau If they would be allowed. Time was when a man engaged even in a small way could make $300 a month by careful, conscientious work. That day is past But if an attorney could afford it he ought to hold on to all the claims he has In hand that he considers possible to put through later. For, although at this time the bureau is allowing fewer claims in proportion to the number before It for adjudication than ever .oefore in the history of pensions, the time will come when the majority of them must be granted. However, If that time doe's not soon come death will settle the question so far at least as original veterans oases r.re concerned. "I do not mean by that to say that the business of paying pensions will cease altogether soon," continued the attorney. "Look at the revolutionary war pendens; the bureau is yet paying wi lows' claims resulting from the struggle for independence. Undoubtedly, though, many years hence perhaps, a tervice pension bill will be passed. "But It does not pay at this time for a man to stay in the pension business, much less enter it. A. great man' havj been forced to direct their enemas elsewhere. I could point out Lo you pension attorneys who once did an ?nor.noua lns'ne. tmploylng scores of clerks, whose, practice has shrunk to almost nothing, and who now do not havi work for one-tenth as many clerks as formerly. "When you come to consider the amount of work an honest pension attorney has to do to properly present a claim for action before the bureau you will admit that the fee allowed by law 32 for increase cases, $25 under the old law, and $10 for cases under the act of June 27, 1S90 It is very small. And this is mere especially true to-day than formerly, on account of the difficulty in finding veterans comrades as witnesses, even if alive, and the increasing difficulty of tracing a man's whereabouts from time to ume since the war. An attorney may expend in this search many times the amount of his fee. It takes the handling of thousands of cases at once to insure a fair return for one's labors. The percentage of money allowed in fees to attorneys In proportion to the amount collected as a whole 13 far below what lawyers in other branches receive. "An honest, competent pension attorney and the proportion of them Is quite equal to that among other lawyers is of the most positive help to the Pennon Bureau in facilitating its work. It would be practically impossible for pension claimants to get along without attorneys, and they relieve the bureau of work that is done outside the office at no cost to the government. "Prior to July 4, 1SS4, all that one had to do to practice before the bureau was to take the oath of allegiance. At that date, however, it was made necessary for an attorney at law to file a certificate, duly sealed, from a federal court, stating that he was a lawyer In good standing; any other person who desired to present claimants was obliged to file a certificate from the judge of a federal court to the effect that he was a person of moral character, good repute, and possessed of the necessary qualifications to enable him to render claimants valuable service. "As to the several reasons why the business of prosecuting pension claims Is no longer profitable, I might say that In the first place all the ' bsst claims have long ago been allowed: that Is, not necessarily those most worthy, but those in which there was the least work required to put In shape. The present rulings of the Pension Commissioner are so stringent that, additional difficulty is experienced both in procuring sufficient and satisfactory evidence, and in persuading the authorities that a case comes within the limitations they have seen fit to impose by their new Interpretations of the law. Indeed, I think that at no time was the practice of prosecuting claims so favorable to honest attorneys from a business standpoint as In General Black's administration, because the system in vogue was so admirably balanced. Again, the latest assault along the whole line against the pension system has had more effect on th? public mind than any attacks previous. Ever since the first opposition developed in Congress and In the press of the country at the time of the vote on the arrears bill, in 1S79, the friends of the veterans have had a hard time to secure to their constituents what they conscientiously believe their dues. As everybody knows, this fight developed into a political question. Pensions have been made the issue of more than one presidential and numerous State campaigns. But it is safe to say that the psnslon question has lost very much of Its power as a political factor. It will be on the wane now steadily until It dies out." GROWTH OF THE PENSION SYSTEM. "Prosecuting war claims as a profitable business .had Its birth in the war of the rebellion. Our government was practically without a pension system when the civil struggle came. Out of the necessities of the war was passed the foundation act of the present system on July 14, 18C2. At the beginning of the year 1S75 there were, in addition to countless minor acts, fifteen great measures of pension legislation on the statute books, each calculated to remove some friction from the laws and make more efficient the work of the Pension Office. The widows' bill, increasing pensions from $S to $12, Indirectly acted, in the additional Inducements offered to present applications, to the benefit of the attorney, while the Mexican service pension bill opened up new avenues of prosperity to those engaged in prosecuting claims. In legislation since 1SS0, however, there was done more for pensioners than during any other period, and it stands to reason that attorneys made more money in that time. "Considering that In 1&34 there was paid to pensioners in depreciated - currency about $T,(joo,ooO, and in the year 1871 nearly $134,000,000 In gold value. It will be seen what strides the pension business must have taken, even in that early period. It has increased, not steadily in the number of claims allowed, but under the impetus given by new acts, until It reached its highest point In the passage of the act of June 27. 1S00. "At most, the present estimated volume of expenditures can be kept up but a few years longer. They were swelled hitherto by the payment cf long accumulating arrears. If every man and every woman in the United States entitled to a pension, according to the estimates of the friends of the veterans, were put on the roils at the rates allowed by existing laws, and under rulings that have hitherto obtained, the total payments would not exceed $O,000,t'00 a year for a brief period, and the amount would diminish, the expenditures would fall away with melancholy rapidity, for death is taking off the veterans at the rate of 40.0-n yeir. "That there have been fortunes large and small mad? out of th- pension business admits of no question, but It U not too much to assert that nono have b-?n made fraudulently. However, tuonoy has been made by attorney? by ways iestHnable perhaps from a professional standpoint. "A number of years nD a member of Congress wr.en '.he har-jre of wholesale fraud was made by 'he en:ri's of pension legislation caused to be furnished by the Pension IJureau a complete list of the pensioners thon on the dIIs, with service, disability and postolllre address. This list was of course puo"snd. TlK result was that scores of pension attorney5!, j-eeklng an oprortunliy to make buy while tb? t-un sh ne. made norr-.m-il tr:.;tter t-f as many i cases as they '.-null handle, wrote to tNe pensioners, staring that thy had cammed their papers, etc.. and had found beVi.r.i. a doubt that their needed rerating, with a viw to ybtamlng Increased allowances and offered their services. The result may well b inxmlned. Thn fands of dollar were made by the attorneys out of this deal small fortunes reaped by the men who had ben sharp enough to profit by the publicity given the list. FEES OF PENSION ATTORNEYS. "A comparative statement compiled from the reports of tho commissioners of Pensions show j the estimated sum paid to pension attorneys for a irtod ranging from 1SS1 to the mldllo of mj. From the commencement of the war of the rebellion to July II, ISO-, there appears to have been

no well-defined practice relating t attorneys' fees, and the number of claim allowed being comparatively Fmall before that time the amount In fees was trilling. The act of July 14. ISC. provided a fee of $3. with other small allnwancej; this act of July II. repealed thH ur.d provided a fee of $!0 in original claims. The act of July 8. 1S70, repealed former legislation und permitted a remuneration of If contracts were filed or $10 In the absence cf such contracts. On June 1ST, former legislation was again repealM and a feef $10 allowed on all claims file! thereafter. Once more was previous legislation made null on July 4. ISM. and a fee granted, in original claims whre contracts were filed to the amount of fcT,. and in the absnc of contracts fio. The act of June 27. m allowed $10 fee. The act of March 3. lOI. regulated all fee in increase cr.sei and with certain exceptions placed them at $3 each. "According to the statement above referred to. there were allowed f!3.S.rT3 in fees to attorneys, considering each fee as maximum. During the period ii question claims to the number r.f l.;n.42 were favorably acted upon; deduction must be made from these of at leart 3 per rent, for cases not represented by attorneys, f rd for other considerations not worth while to mention here. Could the exact proportion of claims to fees be arrived at, it would be seen that the pension attorneys pet but a small percentage of the amount ot money paid out In pensions. "It would take an Inlefiilte length of time to count the number of firms and Individuals now practicing before the bureau. A list of these Is kept by the oflice. with record of each, but no count is registered, as the office has never been called upon fcr the data. Each Important net establishing new classes of laims resulted in an increased number of attorneys, the act of June 27, INK), being responsible for the greatest addition to the list. It was roughly estimated some time ago that some fifty thousand agents were In busine, but great numbers of these have given up their practice. "Truly, the pension business has seen ttt best days." THE i:GMSII MAJORITY.

The Houae of Common Does Not Represent High Intelligence. George W. Smalley, In Harper. The present majortiy of the English electorate consists of agricultural and unskilled laborers. Does the thinking American know what they are like, and what degree of political intelligence they possess? If he does, will he say that the government of an Immense empire can be safely confided to them, or to a majority of which they are the majority? Ia. him ask any Englishman familiar with elections on what elections turn in an agricultural constituency. On home rule, on disestablishment, on foreign policy, on colonial policy? Nothing of the sort. But on beer, on purely local interests, on personal influence, on appeals to curidity, and to prejudice and to class hatreds. The lower and larger stratum of the democracy of England Is in the hands of the demagogue. Three or four millions of voters were enfranchised at a. blow. They had no political training of any kind, no town meeting, no local assembly, no con trol of any kind of affairs, nothing which the American has always had. It was In that condition that they became the arbiters of the destiny of the realm. They have to learn the business of government at the expense of the governed, themselves Included. They elect the House of Commons, or a majority of its nembers. The House of Commons Is the government; for the Cabinet Is," in effect, only a committee of the House. Between the House of Commons, which Fprlngs from such sources, and the empire there Is absolutely nothing, legislatively speaking, but the House of Lords. Be Its faults what they may, will any wise man sweep it away and leave nothing In its place? When the waters are out, will you open the dykes because you don't like the fashion of the masonry? There are signs that this country is approaching a grave social crisis possibly enough, revolutionary. If It be revolutionary It may overturn many things besides the House of Lords. If it stop short of revolution; If radicalism and socialism procoed by constitutional methods; if they attack property and Individual liberties, as they dally threaten to do, under cover of law; and If, In pursuit of-such ends, they once elect a majority of the House of Commons and abolish the House of Lords they are masters of the kingdom. Until they abolish It, foclety in its existing form has a last line of defense, and the true friends of order and liberty might in such circumstances consider even a hereditary chamber a less evil than civil convulsion. TUB "WORLD'S MOXBV. If It Were Divided the Frenchman Would Have the Mont. Harper's Young People. It Is Interesting to know that while tha United States is one of the richest countries In the world, its stock of gold and sliver money is not by any means so large as that of France, which has more metallic money than any other nation. The gold coins of the world are equal in value to $3.5S2.CC5.noO and the silver coins to $1,042,700,000, while the paper money has a face value of $2,633. 873,000. Of this vast amount France has SoO million dollars' worth of gold and 7'0 million dollars' worth of silver; the United States CM million dollars worth of gold and 615 million dollars' worth of silver, and Great Britain K0 million dollars' worth of gold and 100 millions of silver. Germany has f00 million dollarj worth of gold coin and 211 million dollars' worth of silver, while Russia, with a much larger population, has 50 million dollars' worth of gold and CO million dollars' worth of silver coin. She has, however, &00 million dollars worth of paper money, while South America keeps in circulation Gk) million dollars' worth, the United States 412 million dollars' worth, Austria SCO millions, Italy 153 millions, Germany 107 millions, France 81 millions and Great Britain 5C millions. If the gold coins of the United States were divided into equal shares each person would have about 53. Following ths same plan, every English man, woman and child would have about $14.3-), every German about $12, every Russian about $2.25 and every Frenchman about $20. The ratio for all kinds of money would still leave the Frenchman the richest man In the world, for If all the gold, silver and paper money In France were shared equally he would have $40.50. while the citizen of the United States would have $21.50. the residents of Austria, Belgium and Holland a little more, the Englishman $13.50, and the Russian only $7.10. FRAUDS IX ANTIQIITIKS. Ancient Trennures Made In Humilri unci Freely Sold u UrlKlnnln. London News. The ingenious Russian peasantry seem to have leen developing with rather restless rapidity a taste for ancient art, not with a view of enjoying the possession of its treasures, but of passing them off on eager collectors. It seems, from a recent statement by M. Ileiach, that within the lat fifteen years a regulir system of manufacturing antiquities has been carried on in certain villages of southern Russia, especially In the governments of Khrrson and Taurlda. It is admitted that the Imitations are often as good as the original might be supposing any originals to txlst for the modern Russians of those parts seem to have Inherited a highly Inventive faculty from their Greek ancestors. The objects are especially confined to gold and! sliver ornaments. In which th Crimea i- generally said to have lf-n at one time peculiarly rich. The museum of Odessa ras not escaped lmpuidtlDn. .n l it is even whispered that the antlguarit-s and archeologists of that city have on more than one occasion devoted the time of their meetlnRs to tne discussion and admiration of objects of very doubtful orUln. The remarkable thin? about th.e for-ries. apart from the skill rhown in working in an antique style. Is the knowledge of ancient Greek which the forgers display. In one case an Inscription was introduced Into an ornament, and no grammatical or orthographical fault was dlxcov rc-d by thos by whom it was examined. Terra ctta figures, more or less resembling those of Tanasra, are also produced In larnf numbers in some districts of outturn Russia, but these are chhily exported, while the gold and silver objects are retained for home consumption. An Ilniperor Vli Travel. Poultney Bigclow, in Harper. William II. Is the first monarch of Europe ! methods of travel, and has so organized Ms train or cars that nt can r. ove rrom one cnl of his empire to another n..t only without xersonal fatigue, but und.-r conditions that enable him to transact state bu-iness as satisfactorily as If he were In his working-room at Potsdam r Hrlln. The ::icago Vestibule Limited find its count, rpart in the German lrurijl train, v.hih may le said to have doubl-1 the cap,-it.v for work of a ir.or.amh mainly criti.Mvd because of Ms s it rabur d mt energy. People who find ?au!t with th; limp rr localise, as they say, he Is i rj" tually rushing fnipi nno rv.vriir T Ku !' lit the t?h-r. ! forget that it is n-t h- who d ks therusaing. nut tne train oi uint-r i nn. ins life, meanwhile, is as pj u-i 1 and metnodl.-al as one could wl-li. but wnre his grandfather was patiilb-'! to know a man through a wrltttn report, Wilwium II j reft rs to see that man face to tie. Where She Felt Safer. Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph. "Did you enjoy your ocean trip?' said Mrs. Shinies u Mrs. Freshcr-h, who had Just returned from Ikt find viMt to Eurv;v. "Oh. yea; very much in tt o l. ; ntial thln-." Wi- the reply, ."'.tid 1 frit very glad whn I Kot back on terra cotta a-ruliu