Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 January 1891 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, 'SATURDAY, JANUARY 3, 1891.

V

THE DAILY JOURNAL SATURDAY. JANUARY 3, 1891.

WASHINGTON OFFICK-513 Fourteenth at. P. K Jlealh. Corrrapoudcnt. Telephone CaIL Bn1neM Office 233 J Editorial 2uxms........242 OF SUIJSCKUTION. VXtLt BT UAIL. One year, "without bundaj One j car. with nnday , tw.ro 14 00 Hit M oil tli. without ban Oar 6.00 Fix rtontl.. 1th Mi n day 7.00 Three mod ha, without ban day 3.00 Three ni.ntL. w ith Monday J.50 One mouth, without Saudaj 1.00 One month, with Minday US) LthTertd fcy c&rrier In city, 15 cent per weelC WKKKXY. erj w - ..ft.0o Reduced Hates to Clubs, pubacrifce with any of our nnerdba amenta, or end BQliScrlyUuua to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, IKDIAXAPCLIS. I Nil. Peraoniiendlrg the Jounial through the roallsln the V tilt d biatf should put on an eijiht-page paper acsx-cuor poat;ipe atamy; on a twelve or sixteenth e Tr-i a io-cxm toatage stamp, loreign jxU fce ut usually double these rates. AllcommuTeaton$ intended for publication in Ox it paptr must, in order to receive attention, be aeecvijjcinitd by the name and addre$s of the writer, I11E LMJIANAFOL1S JOURNAL. Can he found at the following places: PA HI 8 American Exchange in Paris, M Boulevard dee Capucinea. HEW OHK Gllaey House and Windsor Hotel. PHILADELPHIA A. p; Kernel, J7SI Lancaster avenue. CHICAGO 'Palmer House. CJN CINNATI-J. P. Hawlc y & Co.. 184 Vine street. XXVUI8YIXLE C. T. Ueerlng. northweat corner IhlxC and j efierEon streets. BT. LOUIS Urlon Hews Company, Union Depot and Southern Hotel. WASHINGTON, D. C Itlgps nouseand Ktbitt House If it is worth while to maintain fair elections of Congressmen in all the States, the federal elections law is an imperative necessity. So far as one can 'learn from Republican newspapers, the course t pursued by a few Republican Senators is not satisfactory to the Republican party at large. ' These are not happy days to the incoming Democratic legislator, because clouds of patriotic Democrats are urging upon him the necessity of making them door-keepers. i If the Republicans in the Illinois Legislature are of the same minds as the Republican press, ex-Governor Oglesby will be their candidate for United States Senator by a unanimous vote. It is not so important to know how many Democratic legislators will come to town next week resolute in purpose to vote for t fee and salary bill as it is to know how many will vote for it when, the roll is called. It is to tho credit of the regular army officer that every one of them on special detail belonging to the regiments under General Miles in the field promptly asked to be relieved, in order that they might join their commands. .It was a shrewd trick to have a Baptist preacher telegraph to Senator George a lying account of the murder of Postmaster Matthews by way of confirming the lying press dispatch. The truth has come out, however, and reveals one of the worst outrages on record. FrvE Democratic members of the Ohio Legislature have died since the November election. Their party associates, who are painfully aware that they cannot gerrymander themselves into the kingdom, are becoming alarmed at the unfriendly disposition of Providence. TnE Charleston News and Courier prints the names and compensation of seventeen leading officials under the new regime in South Carolina, and says that it is only a partial list, given to show that the offices under the Tillman movement are going to bo confined to a few families a simple exchange of oligarchies. ' - ' Senator Inoalls lacks eighteen votes of a majority iii the Kansas Legislature, counting straight Republicans only, but his friends claim the votes of twelve Alliance Republicans, and it is further asserted that the eight Democratic members will vote 'for Mr. Ingalls to prevent the election of any of the Alliance men who are candidates. The Democratic Governor Boies, of Iowa, is now being sharply brought to book for going to the tariff-reform league meeting, in Now York, and making a 6peech. in which he declared that farmers are without thrift, and that they . compel their labor to work for $18.50 per month. The Iowa Governor spoke late in the night, or rather early in the morning, and forgot that reporters were present. Attention is called to the statement in another column o tho railway trafficon the lines centering at this point. It shows that during the last year there were shipped over these lines Q48,G2G loaded freight cars. As these cars carried an average of twenty-five ton9, this represents a traffic of 23,715,650 tons, and a considerable per cent, of it represents local business. The tables showing how thi3 enormous traffic has grown from year to year furnish interesting food for thought. The Civil-service Commission, hav ing charged thePostmaster-general with a lack of strict observance of the civilservice rules in the railway mail department, is followed by a chorut. of like complaints from the Democratic press. Whether the charges of the commission are well founded or not the Journal is unable to say, but if they are, such criticisms directed toward this particular branch of the public service will not help to advance the civil-service idea, owing to the fact that the public has seen its great improvement under tho present management. A system, whatever it may be, that dues the work so well must have some merit. Indianapolis owes a great deal to its commercial travelers. In old times they used to be called drummers, and it was not a bad designation, for, what with drumming for friend?, drumming for trade and drumming the merits of the city, they made music wherever they went. The commercial traveler does not hido his light under a bushel nor slip around quietly to avoid waking people up. If he did be would not reach his objective point with the certainty and

celerity that he now does, nor would he attaiu the goal of his desires with anything like the same unanimity. In other words, lie would not get there, and that failing the main object of his existence would fail. A commercial traveler who does not get there is not a commercial traveler. i' The intelligent, industrious, energetic and "hustling" gentlemen w.ho compose the Commercial Travelers1 Association of this State are here to-day to discuss business affairs and renew Xo one another their assurances of distinguished consideration. The best that Indianapolis can afford is none too good for them, and the Journal hopes they will get it. If they do not seo what they want they will probably ask for it. And here is hoping that they may have a pleasant and profitable time.

TREATMENT OF THIS INDIANS. In addition to showing great consideration for the Indians in respect to their title to lands, the government has evinced its interest in their welfare in many other ways. Besides the money paid them for lands, enormous sums have been expended on them in other ways. Aside from the vast expense they have been to the government-in the cost of wars and military preparations to keep them in order, great sums have been spent in feeding and endeavoring to educate and civilize them. From 1789 to 1889 the expenditures of tho government on account of the Indians amounted to $242,290,230. For twenty years past the expense has been from $G,000.000 to $7,000,000 a year. This includes the expenses of about 6ixty Indian agencies, the purchaso and distribution of great quantities of subsistence, clothing, agricultural and other supplies, the maintenance of schools, tho supervision of experiments in farming and stock-raising, the establishment of local Indian courts, the cost of medical attendance, etc. It is safe to say that no other government ever expended anything like as much money or took anything like as much pains in trying, to civilize savage races. It is by no means certain that the present system of dealing with them is the best, but there can be no question that it is based on tho right theory, viz., the breaking up of reservations, the destruction of tribal relations, the settlement of the Indians on their own homesteads, and their gradual civilization. The central idea of the present policy is to make of the American Indian an Indian American. This is a difficult and expensive work, requiring much time and money, but it seems to be the best that can be done. While the government feeds the adult Indians and tries to indoctrinate them with ideas of self-help, it maintains training-schools for young Indians. There are at present eleven of these Bchools, and during the year 1889 they cost the government $301,691. Last year they cost still more, and had an average attendance of about two thousand pupils. When it isTemembered that these pupils have to be taught the very rudiments of civilization, as well as of the English language, the magnitude of the task can - be appreciated. In addition to these eleven training schools, which are in different parts of the country off tho reservations, there are sixty-three boarding schools and 10G day schools on the reservations, all of which are maintained by the government. The average attendance in all these schools during the year 1890 was . about-twelvo thousand. In. addition, to this tho government appropriates a largo . sum every year for the maintenance of various mission schools,-the amount thus appropriated during the year 1890 being $562,640. There is a competent superintendent of Indian schools, and every effort is made to make them contributory to tho civilization of the various tribes. Certainly ,it cannot be said that the government has been derelict in this regard. . The Indians also get - their medical service free. f Their own medicine men are superstitious, cruel and prone to making mischief, as recent events have proven. The government employs altogether eighty-two physicians for the Indians, seventyone being employed at various agencies and eleven at Indian schools. Tho aggregate salaries of these physicians last year was $84,300, and this did not include tho cost of medicines, which are furnished by the government. These physicians are required to produce a diploma from some reputable medical school, and they are presumably competent men. What other government has ever showed 6uch llberaliiy toward its savage wards? As farming is an important feature of the civilizing policy, great pains are taken to encourage and instruct 'the Indians in this regard. The Indian is naturally lazy, and those who have lived to middle age without having formed any habits of industry are very unpromising sub jects for industrial instruction. But something can be done with them, and and still more with the younger ones. A great drawback is their holding their lands in common, and it is only as tho policy of allotting lands in severalty progresses that farming becomes a set tled industry. To assist and instruct the Indians in this regard tho govern ment employs practical' farmers to go from one community to another, give in 8tructions and make requisitions for seeds, agricultural , implements, etc. During the last year 35,000 Indians were thus personally assisted and instructed in farming. The law allows two farm ers at each agency. Finally, the government issues sup plies and rations to the Indians of euch a character and in such quantities that, if disposed to bo provident or self-helpful, they could live very, comfortably. The e supplies include beef, bacon, coffee, sugar, lard, hominy, rice, corn meal, oat meal, salt, bread, pork, etc. There are also seventeen varieties of miscellaneous goods, including blankets, clothing, boots and shoe, hats and capa, groceries, crockery and lamps, furnituro and woodenware, harness, wagons, agri cultural implements, brass and iron ket tles, tinware, stoves and stove-pipes, hardware, etc. These supplies are fur nished by contract, after duo advertising, and are distributed at all the

agencies. Whether this is a wise pol

icy is open to question, but that it has its origin in humane feelings and a desire to deal justly with the Indians cannot bo doubted. It is well for the public to know what a great and difficult problem the Indian question is, and how earnestly the government has striven with it for a long time. THE LAND OF THE FREE. The special correspondent of the Chi cago Tribune who was sent to Carrollton, Miss., to ascertain the truth about the killing of Postmaster Matthews, was arrested before he Ld completed his mission. The Tribune of yesterday gives considerable space to an account of the affair. It shows beyond a doubt that the killing of Matthews was a political murder. On Thursday the Tribune received the following: s Grenada, MIsk., Jan. 1. I came here on the advice of the United States marshal on the local passenger. Have you any instructions! If not. I will leave at 4:15 a. m. W. M. Glenn. , The sender of this dispatch was a trusted reporter of the Tribune, who was sent to Carrollton with instructions . to investigate the Matthews killing and write the truth about it. He did so, and his account of it showed it to be a coldblooded murder. When he got ready to leave Corrollton it became necessary for him to drive to Winona, twenty miles distant, to get a train. He hired a livery conveyance and colored driver and drove over in tho night. The next day. he was arrested on the charge of having killed the horse. The charge was doubt less trumped up. If tho horse died, which is not certain, the negro driver, who was furnished by the liveryman, was responsible, and not the correspondent. The latter, as soon as he was arrested, telegraphed to tho Tribune that he needed $250 bail. The facts were also telegraphed to Governor Fifer,, of Illinois, who telegraphed to Governor Stone, of Mississippi, asking piotection and fair play for the corre spondent. Meanwhile the necessary amount of bail was telegraphed to Winona, together with funds to employ counsel. The next heard from the cor respondent was tho above dispatch from Grenada, whither he says he went "on the advice of the United States marshal." That means that he was advised to leave Winona as a matter of personal safety. . This case differs . from hundreds of other Southern piurders in that there is no negro involved. The victim was a white man and government official. Ie was killed because he was a Republican and an office-holden And then, when the correspondent of a Northern news paper goes there and pubjisbes the facts, he is arrested on a frivolous charge and has to run for his life. ' And all this oc curred, not in darkest Africa nor even in Russia, but in the United States of America. . EXPANSION OF THE CURREKOT. Whether the country needs an expan sion of the currency or not is a question on which there may be an honest differ ence of opinion. Much may be said, on both sides, buc whatever is said 6r done should bo in accordance with 'sound principles of finance and in the in&rist of the whole country. We do not want an irredeemable currency, nor a depreciated dollar of any kind. The evils of a depreciated or fluctuating currency are too great to justify the consideration for a moment of any policy that looks in that direction. Every argument - for an ; inflation of tho currency should be accompanied by a guaranty that the increase will stop this side of the danger line. But where to draw that line is a difficult question. ; One thing is important to bear in mind, and that is that fully ninetenths of the business of the country is transacted by credits. It follows that confidence is even more important than currency. If tho present volume of currency were doubled or quadrupled by the stroke of a pen it would not re lieve the stringency of the money market a particle unless there was an in crease of confidence along with it. On the contrary, such an inflation of the currency as that would probably intensify existing evils and cause new ones still more serious. If there conld be an increase of confidence and credits the legitimate business of the country could be done on a volume of currency even less than we now have. What is needed more than an arbitrary increase of currency is such a modification of our present system as will make the currency elastic, causing it to expand, or contract according to the demands and necessities of trade. Under our present system it happens that the currency contracts just at the season of the year when it is most needed. This temporary contraction affects credits, and a monetary stringency ensues. Part of tho year there is a plethora of currency and part of the year a scarcity. With this evil cured, and with confidence fully established, there would be no need of any greater increase of currency than that which is now provided for. THE MISTAKE OP 8PAItf. Spain 6eeras disposed to answer Cuba's request for reciprocal trade relations with the United States by imposing prohibitory duties upon Hour and to increase other duties on other articles imported from, this country. It would seem that Spain could scarcely afford to do this. During the fiscal year which ended Juno SO, 1890. the UnitedJStates bought of Spain and her colonies merchandise to the value of $83,892,778 and sold them goods to the value of $45,197,685.: We bought of them $3,437,093 more than they bought of us. Threefourths of our purchases of the Spanish possessions was sugar, which, after April 1, will bo on the free list. To this reciprocal concession Spain responds by increasing duties upon our products, tho idea of the government seeming to bo. that we must have Cuba's sugar for the reason that we cannot get it elsewhere Tho Cuban planters take tho other view of the matter, and as soon as the McKinley bill became a law used their influence to have such concessions made to the United States as would givo our producers reciprocal advantages. Spain'; id not acting for Cuba, but for

Spain, whose interests are not identical with those of her West India posses

sions. Fortunately, there is sugarcnough in tho world for us without purchasing the crop ot the Spanish West Indies. During one year, Cuba's raw sugar will have a free market in the United States, but at the end of that time President Harrison can, and, doubtless, will proclaim that Cuba's sugar will pay duties if Spain insists upon her refusal to recognize the great advantage that the put ting of sugar upon the free list confers npon Cuba, and, indirectly, upon Spain. Last year we imported $10,000,000 worth of sugar from Germany, i and that country, with France and other beet-sugar-producing countries in Europe, together with Central and South America, will compete for our free sugar market, compelling the Spanish pos sessions to take their $50,000,000 worth to a more distant and less valuable market. It is possible that Spain may be able to see that this policy will ruin the sugar industry of Cuba, which finds it difficult, under Spanish restrictions, to compete with the beet-sugar countries, and that it cannot break down the one industry of its great island without losing its own trade and revenues. At any rate, it is of vastly greater impor-j tance to Spain and Cuba to accept our proffer of reciprocity than it is to us for her to do it. We can get sugar elsewhere, because the market is crowded, but Cuba will find no country that will take her whole sugar crop if our government should impose a duty on it. AN ABSURD REASON. The only reason which Senator Wolcott, of v Colorado, gave in his speech why the pending federal elections bill should not be passed is that it will further embitter the people of the South against the North and the Republican party and postpone Jthe fraternal relations which should: exist between the two sections. No attempt was made to show that' the elections of Representatives to Congress are fairly or honestly conducted. Mr. Wolcott would not do his intelligence the injustice to make such an assertion. Indeed, if he should consult tho facts he would be compelled to admit that never, in the history of the conspiracy to maintain one-party rule in . sections of the South where the Republican vote is large and a majority, were the acts oi the officials conducting the farces called elections more defiant and lawless than in the late election. In but few districts where the Republican preponderance was very great was an attempt made to cast the Republican vote, but where such attempts we're made the ballots were rejected by canvassers on the thinnest kind of pretexts. The high-handed disfranchisement of 125,000 Republican voters in Mississippi and the proposition of the one-party leaders in other States in "which the Republicans can carry a few congressional districts to deprive them of the right of suflrage do not indicate a less bitter spirit of sectionalism, or a less positive purpose to control the country by destroying popular suffrage. If there were any indications that the .leaders of the Democratic party in the South were disposed to restore the suffrage of the Constitution and to make the elections of Congressmen, as fair as in the North, there would be some sense in Mr. Wolcott's declaration that the federal elections bill should cot be passed because it would embitter the South, while its leaders were making efforts to correct ballot-box crimes. Under existing conditions, his reason for rejecting the measure is the same which was urged in 1860 against the election of Abraham Lincoln and against the Republican policy during the war, namely, that both would create violent hostility and hatred in the South. The lawbreaker has never been in favor of laws designed to check his lawless career; and if law-breakers generally, whether the crime in question is the destruction of the foundation of popular government or highway s robbery, are to be consulted when measures aimed at their offenses are contemplated, never will a law against criminals be enacted. Mr. Wolcott could just as well have urged that the laws punishing theft should be repealed because . thieves and would-be thieves would be "agin" the advocates of law and order if laws making theft a crime are retained and enforced, as io give as' a reason for the rejection of the federal elections bill tho fact that those who have destroyed free suflrage in certain portions of the South will curse the party which should pass it. Those .who feel the halter draw will never have a good opinion of tho law. i v George William Cuhtis regretfully dijlinesan invitation from the South Carolina State Press Association to address it at its annual meeting, and in his letter says: "Such an invitation is as honorable as it is gratifying, and you will agree with me it is most significant that an old anti-slavery man and original Republican should be unanimously called by his brethren of the press in South Carolina to come and free his mind as their guest and orator." The "significance" lies not in the fact that Mr. Curtis was an anti-slavery man and original Republican, but that; after having been one, he has abandoned his principles and become a Democrat and a dough-face. The mugwump editor is invited because of his recent and not his early record, and has no reason to be proud of the attention. Every year, as regularly as New Year's day comes, the newspapers give a large amount of space to describing the beautiful and gorgeous appearance of tho foreign ministers at Washington, who call upon the President in their uniforms and decorations. There is a species of provincialism, if not snobbery, in this fulsome admiration of gilt-bedecked clothes worn by ' titled foreigners, and of course they laugh at it. It should be reformed altogether. : t.One of the Journal's Terre Harereaders writes to inquire "why the faLons war correspondents do not enlighten the public about the fate of Big Foot, whose bend inaugurated tho little picnic the othurday. They tell us that many Indians werr killed, but say nothing about the old villain. Big Foot" This curious omission in the 'dispatches has been a matter of comment In

other quarters, and is possibly explained by the circumstance that the able correspondents were' at a distance from the seat

of war at tho time of the affray, and were unable to give details with absolute accuracy. Latest reports of the battle ttato that Big Foot fell, pierced with twenty bullets, and the reasonable inference is that he is now in the happy hunting grounds with the rest of his "braves." Admiral Jouett thinks that the monitor Pnritan, which is now nearly completed, is tho most powerful warship in the world, as it will be able to sink tbe best armed ship afloat in half an hour, while the monitor, having no vulnerable parts above the water line, could not be injured. Since the government began in earnest; our shipbuilders are turning out the best in the world. It is a matter of history that Henry Clay, when he was elected Speaker in 1823. wore a suit of clothes made from American broadcloth and was proud of it. His successors in Congress from Kentucky would prefer to have their clothes from Europe. BUBBLES IN THE AIR. A Chicago Opinion. Mrs. Seaside So you think a girl should not marry before she is twenty-three! Mrs. Lakeside Well, no; at least not more than once ' . An Impossible Xdesw "Now, what woald you call an example of true devotion to art? "An amateur dramatic club content to per form without an audience. In the Dim Future. Watt (dropping his paper) Oh, me; oh, my! Isn't ths i,boarding-house"-steak Joke ever going to wear out? ' Potts Not until the steak does, I guea. The Reason Thereof. Mr. Wlleus So you decline to contribute anything! Remember, Brother Gotrox, there are no pockets In a shroud.- . ' Old Gotrox Of course, there are not. A man's shroud is furnished by his heirs. No Wonder She Pouted. Young Mr. Fltts (at breakfast) You look annoyed, my dear. Is it anything I have donel Mrs. Fitts Mr. Fltts I say, is it anything I've been doing! Mrs. Fitts , j Mr. Fitts For heaven's sake,' woman, don't sit there like a dumb image! What's the matter with you this morning, anyway! Mrs. Fitts You were talking In your sleep last night, and and boo-hoo! Mr. Fitts And I said Mrs. Fitts -And I listened and listen ed as hard as I could, and you wouldn't say a single word that I could understand. There! AB0CT PEOPLE AND THINGS. . George Vanderbilt has already expended $400,000 on the foundation and first story of his North Carolina castle. Miss Charlotte Crabtree ("Lotta") is about to build a four-story brick store building, to cost $50,000, od One-hundred-aud-twenty-riftb street, near Madison avenue. New York. . , Miss Minerva Parker, a successful architect of Philadelphia, is preparing the designs for the Isabella pavilion to be erected on the world's fair grounds by the Isabella Association. Marshal Booth gives this' succinct statement of the , salvation . methods: "Scrubology and soapology, instead of theology, in dealing with the submerged I twentieth of society." Whittier, the poec, is fond of pets. He has three handsome dogs, two cats and three horses. When the poet goes abroad in pleasant weather a young iSt. Bernard dog is his constant companion. Senator Warren, of Wyoming, is six feet tall, and his form is as . straight as a Rocky-mountain pine. Ho is a blonde, rather good looking, and talks and dresses well. He is forty-six years old. Ellen Terry's son is a handsome young fellow of twenty, who wears spectacles and has hair like his mother's. He plays the part of a younger brother to his mother in "Ravenswood," and is said to play it well. Gen. Ben Butler, though nearly seventyfive years old, is one of the hardest working lawyers in Bosttsi, He comes down from Lowell every morning and goes back at night after a day of toil, aud he does not heaitate to burn the midnight oil when occasion requires. Edwin B. Winans, who will be the first Democratic Governor that Michigan has had in thirty years, is a cool, conservative, hard-headed old farmer, with a neatly trimmed beard, well-Htting clothes, and kindly eyes beaming out of a pair of goldbowed spectacles. Mrs. May French Sheldon, who is to lead an expedition to the Congo in Stanley's footsteps, is a physician of no mean ability and has also won a reputation as an author aud sculptor. She has an enviable position in literary and scientific circles in London, where her husband is the manager of an American banking-house. . . Ex-Puesident Hayes has been a 'frequent visitor to Cincinnati of late. His hair is white now, but his step is firm and vigorous. He keeps alive tbe memory of his part iu the civil war by always wearing the tri-colored button of the Loyal Legion and by chatting with old army comrades in the corridors of the Burnet House. .Major Pond will make at least $75,000, possibly $100,000, out of .Stanley, whom ho pays $50,000 for fifty lectures. In addition to this be pays the traveling expenses of Mr. and Mrs. Stanley, so that it costs him about $1,200 every time the explorer lectures. Pond never receives less than $1,000, and frequently gets $5,000 for a lecture. Western papers say that the Rev. C. H. Lovejoy is a canditate for the chaplaincy of the Kansas Legislature. He was the chaplain of tbe historical Topcka Legislature, and at the first meeting of that body presented the free-State side of the then raging contest in such terms and at such length that the prayer was declared by one of the members to be "the first complete statement of Kansas affairs that had ever been made to the Almighty." One of the most prominent traits of the late Selah Chamberlain, of Cleveland, was his tender feeling for all his relatives, especially those who had not been so fortunate in business as he. He did much for those who needed help. Having no children of his own he was ranch attached to the children ot his relatives. Miss Jennie Chamberlain, celebrated for her beauty, now Mrs. Naylor-Leylan, of England, is a grandniece. His affection for her was marked and tender. Ex-Ministek Kasson walks the streets of Washington with as alert a step and with as general an appearance of youth as characterized him when he was in Congress ten years ago. He is tall, erect and well preserved. He is a lawyer in active practice and a student of literature. He has the calm, contented look of a man whose chief companions are books. He speaks French and German with liuency, and is one of the few linguists sent abroad by tbe United States in a diplomatic capacity. The wife of Judge H. B. Brown, recently appointed from Michigan to a seat on the bench of the Supreme Court, is said to be a most beautiful woman of many accomplishments. She will undoubtedly grace the position in Washington society which will be hers by right of her husband's promotion, and most probably easily become a social leader. Mr. Brown is related distantly to the poet Whittier and more nearly to the Whittiers of Saginaw, as well a several other prominent families of Michigan, including that of ex-Senator and president of tho world's fair Palmer. He claimed to be a farmer, but 8uplcion was unloosed When he told how he loved to see The cows come home to roo$L V. Sew York Herald.

IN THE BUSINESS WORLD

Tho Record of 1890 Was Biin theTolume of Trade and Big in IU Failures. bigni of Reviving Confidence on All Sidei, but the Iron Situation Fails to Improve Embarrassed Firms. New York, Jan. 2. R. G. Dun 3c Co.'s weekly review of trade says: The new year opens with so much of uncertainty that there is a natural disposition to dwell upon the crowding records ot the year just closed, which show an extraordinary volume of business, in many lines surpassing all precedent. Iron, cotton, leather, boot and shoe and meat production were larger than in any previous year. Thus 2.219.S12 cattle were slaughtered at Chicago, against 1.7G3.G10 in 1N), a gain of 25 per cent, and 5,7S3,002 hogs, against 4.211.7C6 in 18S0, a gain of SG per cent. At Boston S.535,211 cases of boots and shoes were shipped, against 3,oltt,980, a cain of 4 per cent The clearing-bouse exchauges show that tbe volume of all business in 1S30 exceeded that of any previous year by at least 10 per cent, though in part this increase was due to the higher range of prices during the greater part of the year. The advance in prices of all commodities, compared with a year ngo, is6 percent., and the average nas been about 5.5 percent, higher , tor eight months. But this unprecedented volume of business has not been altogether successful, and tbe recorded failures have been, in number and in amount of liabilities, larger than in any previous year since liS4. Though in nuraberonly a trifle greater than in lb&. the average of liabilities was $17,400 for the year, against $13,072 the year before. Moreover the average of liabilities for the last quarter was greater than in any other fourth quarter on record namely $26,7. against $14,'J07 in 1SS0. The reports from other cities are almost uniformly confident in tone, nnd indicate a (rood volume and fair condition of trade for the season, but aro liable to be colored by tho retrospect of a generally prosperous year. The South rejoices in great crops and wonderful manufacturing growth, and for the momentnotesiess financial pressure, good holiday trade and bright hopes. St. Louis has weather more favorable for distribution and money at 7 to 8perceut.; Kansas City notes a fitrong deuiand for money and receipts of 14,000 cattle and o5,000 hogs, and St. Joseph reports Urge increase in the year's trade and care in credits resulting welL At Milwaukee and St. Paul unseasonable weather has nllected trade for the week, but very satisfactory reports are made for tbe pasi year and money is easier. At Chicago, tbough money is close, contidencH rapidly revives, collections are easy and the past year's trade exceeds by 6 ner cent, that of 183U in general merchandise, dry goods and shoes, somewhat more in clothing. 20 per cent, in furniture and S3 per cent, in some other lines, while the increase in products of factories is $25,000,000. At Cleveland jobbers aro surprised at ib.? fulluessi of collections, but twenty-fivi iron furnaces in tbe Mahoninff region are about to close. At Cincinnati holiday trade was satisfactory and money is less clote. Pittsburg reports a decline of 25 cents in pig-iron, weaker in finished products and a reduction in prices of . coke to furnaces from $2.15 to $1.05. though Shenango furnaces are also to close. The Eastern reports show easier money markets and a more hopeful feelintr. At Boston conditions are deemed favorable, wool is fairly active, with unsold stocks in tbe country reported at 27,000,000 pounds, a train st oO.OOO.OOP pounds a year ago. aud a better prospect for woolen goods. Domestic hides are firm and leather and boots and shoes luore active. The iron industry does not improve, as the closing of many furnaces indicates. Copper and tin open tbe new year lower. There is a bettcrtone in tbe anthracite coal market. It is evident that prospects are thought brighter in tho cotton and woolen industry, for the record shows that a number of new mills are being erected, ani while the great majority of domestic woolen goods are selling at as low prices as a year ago, and some even a shade lower, the volume of sales improves, aud the market for dress goods and worsteds have been improved both in volume and to some extent in price. The cotton market has advanced fC with sales of 465,000 bales, although receipts and exports for tbe week exceed those of a year ago. Utner speculative markets have beon comparatively dull, but wheat has advanced L;c. and ous lKrC with corn lower, cofiee c lower, oil Ljc higher, and lard 20c per 100 pounds higher. The closeness of money and tho uncertainty as to the future have promoted a healthy inactivity in most kinds of speculation, and the exports of wheat at the current prices begin to approach those of corresponding weeks last year. Tbe stock market has been dull rather than weak, though prices close much below those of last year. Averagiug for tbe sixty most active stocks $55.49 per share, against $54.63 Jan. 2. b1X The average rose to $69,931-2 with the siier boom May 21, and fell to 853.61 on Nov. 15. the day the Baring liquidation was arnounced. The most significant fact in this business is that newissues of securities listed during the year, after deducting all for the replacement of older securities, have amounted to $230,174,310 bonds, and $180.fiS0,751 stocks, exceeding by $13i. 000.000 the net issues for the previous year. The prospect for traffic is affected unfavorably by the shortness of tbe crops, which 6ome roads begin to feel seriously, but favorably by the better understanding between managers, which promises better rates. The monetary situatiou has not changed during the week, though the Treasury has put out $800,000 ruoro than it has taken in. Exports at this port continue to exceed those of a year ago. bwelling the excess of exports over imports, and the rate of foreign exchange has again fallen to $4.83, indicating that gold imports may not be distant. The business failures occurring throughout the couutry during the past seven days number 34. as compared with a total of 333 last week. For the corresponding week of last year the figures were 322. Keans Iropltion. Chicago, Jan. 2. This evening attorney Mayer, representing the creditors of S. A. Kean & Co., roceived a rather surprising oJerfrom the assignees of tho insolvent firm. The offer was that tho creditors he paid 35 cents in cash by Feb. 1, and later 15 cents, making the settlement aside from secured claims an even 50 cents on the dollar. This proposition is on condition that Mr. Mayer agrees to drop all legal proceedings. "That is what I havo been holding out forall the time," said Mr. Mayer to a reporter, "and 1 am satisfied and shall accept it. although 1 cannot say anything about the criminal proceedings against Mr. Kean. I have no interest in th.it sidoof tho case." Mr. Mayer said he would not undertake to say bow the assignees could pay 35 cents when by their statement they had declared that a dividend of not more than 5 per cent, could be realized at once. He left the impression, however, that Mr. Kean's friends have come to the rescue and are making this offer through the assignees, anticipating that the creditors, supposed thirst to have Mr. Keen sent to the peniteLtiary will be satisfied when it is plain that the dividends squeezed out are greater than apparently conld have popgibly been hoped for. The liabilities of Kean Ar Co.. are approximately. $1,500,000, of which threefifths is secured. Dubois Straightening Oat Ills AfTtrs. Elt.in, 111., Jan. 2. M. W. Dubois has arrived from Texas and is conferring with creditors. It is given out by bim that his total liabilities here and South reach $400,000. with assets of $1.SOO,000. His friends have confidence that he will come out all right. The proposition is to mortgage his realty here to stay judgment proceedings and settle the pressing demands down South. This tbe Elgin creditors feel inclined to accept , Other ItutlneM Kmbarrntitnents. Tylkr. Tex.. Jau. 2. The firm ofCald well Nc Niblack, general merchants and cotton buyers, failed yesterday. Their liabilities are. estimated at $JO,000. The First National Bank of this city holds $22.000 worth of the firm's paper, on which the former will realize about $20,000. Ualkioh, N. C. Jnn. 2. G orge C. McNeil, cashier of the People's Bank of Fay

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