Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 8 September 1889 — Page 9

N D A Y J RNA PAGES 9 TO 12. s PRICE FIVE CENTS. INDIANAPOLIS, SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 8, 1889-TWELVE PAGES. PRICE FIVE CENTS.

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PART TWO.

HOW TO DHESS AND BEHATE

Shirley Dara Givc3 AYomen the Benefit of HerExperienceat ricasnrc Resorts, . beauties Who Leave Trunks Behind and Go In for Comfort Proper Clothes to Wear Silent, Talkative and Cheerful People. FpctsJ to tli TnUanyol!s JonrcaL. New York, Sept. 7. As far a supreme satisfaction goes in this "world, experience proves it may bo found on a sea-girt island, ' half an hour from the rest of the world, where a picturesque, well-kept hotel has miles of ramble to itself. I shall not tell the name of the island, faced in the cliff, walled from the east with evergreen, and fragrant with the breath of surf andbalcam pine. Such wine needs no bush. The house is kept to English taste, and, being on its own domain, makes its own rules. Yon can wear a yachting suit or a Tuxedo dress for a fortnight if you like, without offending. The Commodore's daughter has - worn her plain navy-blue boating suit, a Cowes gown to begin, for the last ten days, and so has the young Southern heiress of the Amelie Rives -tyre, but quieter, and the leading actress, - born granddaughter of an Episcopal dignitary, and akin to half a dozen of tho best names in the really best American society, spending the summer with ' her exclusive and patrician family, who never allow the theater mentioned in their presence. The second-rate people and the . middle-aged ladies do the dressing for the community. Tho beauties and the bel esprits leave their trunks full of gowns unpacked, and one begins to believe a yachting dress of dead blue, or white relief of dark red or white lines at wrist and xollar the most becoming dress in tho world, , which ft is to a good figure and complexion. After seeing a fair woman in the dress which most suits her, you no more wish to see her in any other than to see an oriolo in pink, or a robbin in parrott green. "When women learn the art of dress, they will need much less in the way of outfitting than they do nowa change for tho sea- . sons, that is alL It is your cheap, prononce, ill-chosen gowns, less lit than fashionable, which one tires of soon, and if women did but know it, there is but ono style becoming to each one of them, which brings out her good points and suppresses poor ones, which we should be glad to see her in continually. Mary Stuart had fifty grand dresses, stiff with gold and minever, and shot with rubies ana pearls as a mod- " ern gown is with jet, but who ever wishes to think of her in any costume but that of her picture, the black velvet gown fitting easily the supple figure, the transparent cuffs, and ruff of point lace, the net of pearls, and the white veil. She, being a beautiful, graceful woman, could do with a wardrobe of few dresses, compared with the royal frump. Elizabeth lie gins, who had three thousand toilets, some of which we are told, exist to thisday. But she needed something gorgeous to take people's eyes from ,her black teeth, as she told one of her counselors. Good looks, as much-as are conveyed by good condition, are an economy, as one can dress on so much less into them. 13ut oh, my countrywomen, what horrors have you not in dieted on the traveling pub1 lie in the premeditated affronts in dress you wear in vacation. She can see the benevolent use of earthquakes, tornadoes and epidemics in decimating the shoals of ugly women one meets traveling. It is not want of good looks merely which disconcertsone, it is the ill health and ill disposition written in harsh, povish faces. And why does the stout, barrel-shaped, middle-aged girl always endure herself in a shrunken flannel sailor waist and skirt at her shoo tops, and the thin worn out woman, who looks xnoro vertebrec, try to fit a glove waist to her depressions, and the fat girl get herself up conspicuous in particolored blue and white, till she is like a vessel on review day. and the blonde, whose hair is not quite white, load her dress with gold oriental trimming, or pale colors which give her the effect of a white moth by daylight? Why do women fuss over their complexions, and paste, putty and powder their faces, all indifferent to their conditions as to stoutness or ' the reverse, which usually include the question of complexion. A clever woman will be as critical of ten pounds too much in her contours as of pimples on her nose. It is a 'sign she eats too much or takes too littlo exercise, and when people are refined to a proper standard they will be ashamed of being lazy and inactive as they are of being low bred in other ways. Women weighing twenty pounds more than they have a right to, implore some charm to ao away with superfluous hair forevermore, unmindful that the extra twenty pounds comes on long before the 'vowny face, which springs from the fat under the skin, just as it does from glycerine or agnine upon it. How few people in this world know how to rest. There is littlo provision made to relieve the strain of life, in travel or hotels. I see the tired women leave heated towns for an outing by excursion boats or trains, where the crowd and vile air reduce what little strength they start with. Arrived, their only resource is a seat on the backless benches of a summer garden, or the chairs of a hotel piazza, where they sit or parade, lunching indigestibly till it is time to return. If these women and children could follow the example of boys and fling themselves at length on the sward, the rest would be ten times as refreshing. Better still if the Shaker chairs on piazzas were each provided with tho new leg-rests, which allow ono decorously to assume a reclining posture. The one idea of popular summer resorts should be to give tired people the best chance for change and rest, to recruit for tho rest of their year's poisoning in the city. Easy chairs, foot-rests, hammocks, simple dress, w holesorae fare, and general licenso to be comfortable should be the rule of such resorts. ' A little rest, a little relief counts for so much in this modern life which keeps one on the strain. And then it is easy to take some of these good things home with one. The tlannel 6hirt and the tennis sash will appear in the parks, and on piazzas in town, and the boating dress or the Tuxedo is too comfortable not to bo affectionately worn whenever excuse can bo made for it. The steamer chair, the Japanese lounge, or the splint chair and fwotrest will be applied to when fatigue besets one. and tho light, clean, healthy fashions of the seaside be grafted on the prim way of tho town. The sailor blouse anil Tuxedo dress first taught women that they, could really dispense with a tight corset and yet be picturesque. If the Venus of the water choso a gown of modern fashion it would, 1 think, be a draped Tuxedo, which one can transform intotvroor threo different styles at pleasure. For instance, it is easy to fasten the skirt over the sailor blouse and have a trim, belted waist. Or a surah front may bo gathered over it. and the empire sash girdlo tho fullness. The skirt raised a little on ono eide, over tho striped skirt, is really Greek, although 'the barred panel on the right could be dispensed with. It is so warm, clinging, easy, and stands such hard wear that it is of all others the dress for outings, for prairie walks aud mountain rambles, gardening and hard usace generally. It is the sanitary drees, above all others, made of elastic, all-wool jersey stuff, delightful for cool autumn wear. Before reaching this favored island it was my luck to spend days at a hostelry of another 6ort. close to a huge summer garden, the daily resort of shoals of excureionists. I stayed because 1 was not strong enough to get further, but the study of the average American society fascinated by its hideousness, as long as one could not get away from it Such unrelieved vulcarity cn masse I nver saw before. Money seemed plenty, tho people were well-to-do small manufacturers and business men with their families, or the inevitable ''young fellow" and his "girl." who might be wife or sweetheart. The women dressed -pell enough, luth abundance of cheap

bracelets and Rhine stones, eardrops, a good deal of jet and moire, and common embroidery. There had been money enough spent on them, evidently, and I have seen women far moro inexpensively dressed who looked pretty as pinks and bluets, but these women could not hit their own style at all. Their gowns had the look of readymade things, of being manufactured from unsalable remnants, and rattled for. The dresses were trying but cndnrable, compared to the manners which went with them. Talk of peninsular English manner. Itisasgelantino to ice, beside the isolation the wonld-be-genteel American feels bound to preserve. Seven days did five pairs of people sit down at the same table, in a house where they conld not help running against each other at every turn, and three times a day they sat down in solemn silencewithout so much as a bend of tho head in acknowledgement of the presence of other human beings, and very little to say to each other. I never was afraid of talkiug to anrt)ody, and feel the truth of Hamerton's opinion that we lose tho best flavor of life by neglecting these wayside exchanges of speech. But in Home do as the Romans, and I held my tongue sacredly, to see how long the state of things would last. It petrified instead of dissolving. This is a fair report of the conversation between the couples, husband and wife. What have they got for breakfast!" "Same old thing. cawd, mackeril. beefsteak, ham an' eggs. I wi3h they'd have griddlecakes every morning; I like griddlecakes," and they lapsed into silence. Between tho parties at the next table, who wero neighbors from the same town, hilarity reigued. Tho first words of conversation left to gentlemen, always were, Ilow are the Bostons!" On, the sweets of intercourse depending on 'What's the scoret" 'Thirteen to three." "Close thing." "Now Yorks ain't in it, aro they!'' If tho human race are limited to exchanging ideas on two or three topics solely, one preters the weather to the national game. Happily, listening informs mo that lase-ball comes to an end some time in October. The afflicted majority who do not take tho slightest interest in professional games feel as if the torture lasted thirteen months to the year. Tnere were varieties to the performance. When the child was down to breakfast early enough there was a loud duct between a nine-year-old girl and her fond mother as to what the young head of the family would have to eat, which, by its clamor, took the lead of conversation in the diningroom. Whatever the topic, it was sure to bo pnnctuated by the high, shrill tones of the juvenile. Did ono mention San Francisco. "I've been there," for the benefit of the public. 'Say, Mr. , I've been there." Some one showed a stereoscope view at tho

Paris exposition. The pipes struck up. T was to the centennial and my 11 was at the Aew Orleans exhibition. utl wasn't." Happy New Orleans. Atrain. one mentions Rye Beach. "I've got an aunt lives 't Rye say, mamma, haven't If You said I had." in ringing tones, which put a stop to everything elso for the time. Theso terrible underbred children are tho destruction of the public peace wherever they intrude, and their fond parents smile, unconscious of the nuisance their offspring mako of themselves. Tho more disagreeable the child tho more obtuse the parent. Rightly it should be the other way. The old rufe that children should be seen and not heard might be posted in public places to advantage. It isn't at all necessary for people to be "high-toned," as this class phrase it, or even educated. Tho pithiest talk and best entertainment will be found from some man or woman of native intelligenceand observation, whose good manners are tho result of early training in some old-fashioned, clearheaded household. As a rule the old-fashioned people dress in better taste, and their manner is far ahead of the pretentions younger sort. But, oh, ,lear Americans, whatever you do in the way of improving your manners, begin by dropping abuse of your fare at hotel or boarding-house. If it does not suit you are not obliged to stay; or, if you fire, a few words with the proprietor may mend the matter, words you aro too cowardly to speak in the right place. But, to hear well-dressed people growling over their food and finding fault with it gives an impression of. the lowest depths of-society. It- is a decree worse than that other traveling infliction, the woman who sets herself to be studiously, aggravatingly, a model of cheerfulness under all circumstances. I have fallen in with her en route, two or three times, and would willingly change my tickets to avoid her company again. She has read somewhere injunctions as to the beauty of cheerfulness, and seeing things in a sunshiny light studies to illustrate it in her proper person. On a Sound boat, a sultry night, in a ladies' cabin, crowded with wan, tired women, for whom there it not a state-room left, too weak and disconsolate to speak, this spirit of cheerfulness hums and buzzes like a gladly "Aw, shawl you aren't so badly off as you think you are," is her interesting comfort to the white, perspiring, gasping creatures. 'Cheer up! Look at the bright side! What would you do if you wero in the middle of tho Atlantic, shipwrecked on the raft, or a Johnstown sufferer, with everything swept away you ever had!" which puts this finishing touch by smpathy to everyone's sufferings: "La! I was ii Houston. Tex., once, with my husband, and the mud was so deep we could not get away for three weeks; had to bridge across the streets; mud kneo deep. WThat's tho use of being down and taking things hard. Take 'em easy, I say. and they'll bo easy. I tell my husband when he catches me down in the mouth about everything, he can sue for a divorce," and she rattles off several tasteless jokes, with a hee-haw of laughter which rasps those weary women's nerves like the tiling of a saw. Thero is somewhere a wise injunction singing songs to a heavy heart. There is a worse error in vogue in this ago of tho world; namely, laughing and making jokes at all times and circumstances, which is the unendurable rubbing salt into scratches. There are people who imagine everything is right in this world if they can' only raise a giggle, not to say a scream of laughter, forgetting how their shrieks of mirth may pierce nching heads and set nerves on edge. Nature will be dealt with on certainties. You can't make believe tilings aro all right forever. True, you might be worse off, a martyr at the stake or under the knives of the Apaches, but that doesn't hinderyonr new boots from making you faint with pain, or euro tho dizziness of a car headache," or make the loss of vour baggage anything but a grievance. In the agony of having your toes stepped on, it does no good to remember your head hasn't been cut off. Human nature must take its penalties and bear them, in silence or with tears, as best it may. If wo do not have suffering to bear we certainly ought to tolerate the moans of those distracted by it, or it is infernal selfishness if we cannot. Tho demand to always seem bright and happy is like putting yellow glass in windows to counterfeit sunshine. The best way to keep your spirits is to let them go down when they must, keeping short of suicide, forgery ana murder. The reaction will come all tho sooner. If your nerves are overwrought, be cross, have a cry, or & mope, and thoy will thank you for it If you are happy enough not to feel the minor troubles which rob the last strength of your fellowbeines, don't preach cheerfulness at them, or they may feel as the woman who said that she would like to see the eminently cheerful person held over the wharf till her sham spirits wero exhausted. Your always cheerful folks are the mcst selfish beings, on earth, usually, or they never knew tho taste of trouble. You ses. even little travels schools of human nature, with illustrations in abundance. fcinnixY Dare. Cigarettes and Cigars. The cigarette habit is increasing. The Commissioner of Internal Revenue collected taxes last year upon 2,131,515,800, which is an increase of 1SS,7S9,0C0 over the preceding liscaljcar. The number taxed is a pretty good indication of the consumption. The number of cigars taxed during the last fiscal year was 3,So7,oS5.640, an increase of 2aC58,ii0, showing that the consumption of cigarettes is increasing more rapidly than that of cigars. m Misuse of Words. Milwacxee Sentinel. An exchange says of the word "brainy," which has come into use in some newspapers: There is just about as much reason and good teste in calling persons of good brain 'brainy,' as in calling persons of good blood 'bloody.' We may "expect one of these days to read of a charming reception given to the 'brainy men of the bar by tho 'bloody women of society.'"

POLICE AT HOME AND ABROAD

Bill Nye Compares the American "Cop" with Those of England and France. The London Policeman's Weapon, and the Frenchman's Queer Dress and Polite Method of Arrest A Talk with an Irishman. tCopyrigiit, 1689, by EJgar W. Nye. I would very much like, with the reader's permission, to draw a few comparisons between the average policeman of New York, raris and London. The native-bom New York policeman says, "I don't care a dang who makes the laz of me country, 60 that I kin knack aff the nawz av the men that wiolates thim." He is proud of the position. He would rather be the proud guardian of a beat than to be a foreign minister with a foreign congregation and only two donations per year. Ho also wears goodfitting clothes and is ptoud of his job. Tho American policeman, though at times tho victim of insomnia, is the bestlooking specimen of manhood, Ithmk. of tho three. I do not say this in order to stand well with the police of my own country alone, for I find that I am about as likely to be arrested in one country as another, but truth and justice demand that I should say honestly that the rolice of our own country staud at the head of their profession, also at the head of their victim, and look better by a large percentage. This is especially true of our more thoroughly American policemen from Germany and Ireland. t Different nations give to the policeman peculiar emblems and peculiar methods. The New York copper carries a club which gets heavier as tho sun goes down. Tho French policeman carries a short stabknife with which he is supposed to neatly scoop out the Seth Thomas works'of those who resist him, but I am told that thero is no sword in the tin scabbard, only a dummy handle, for style. Just as Mr. 13. Wall used to carry seven or eight different colored silk umbrella covers in which he would insert his cane from time to time, thus apfarently wearing an umbrella for eaeh iour of the day at a great reduction of expense. The London policeman carries a mysterious weapon, which it took mo all one forenoon to fully understand the principle of. But I found out after a while. It was a long, black, shiny cylinder, hanging at tho side aud looking like a little, juvenile cannon without a breech. Finally, I got so curious that 1 gave a large corned-beef policeman thrippence to tell me about it. He then unrolled the gun, and I saw that it was a kind of Mackintosh made of oilcloth to be worn when it rains, which it sometimes does in London, especially during what is called the rainy season. The English policeman regards his office with a peculiar veneration, exceeded only by the awe with which he regards himself. His jaw is kept in place by a strong, black shiny strap, which passes under the chin and prevents the mouth from falling open in such a way as to admit Hies or other insects. The London policeman rarely speaks to any one, but tho silent way ho The London Bobby Mackintosh, controls tho carriages, cabs and pedestrians, compelling riervous Americans to "keep to the left." when they have always been in the habit of keeping to the right, challenges the admiration of the civilized world and awakens a feeling of profound admiration even in the calm and padded bosom of the policeman himself. And yet this same man is in a degree. corrupt. AVith a shilling ono may blunt the moral senso of a whole squad. With a sixpence you may select the style of the indignity which you would like to present to one of them, not for the intrinsio value, but as a mark of esteem. I was at the opening of the trial of Mrs. Maybrick in Liverpool. Tho police guarded the entrance to the great court-house where the pure juice of justice was so soon to be squeezed from the ripe knowledge of on average jury, instructed by a peculiar judge. I stood about, hoping to be drawn on tho jury myself, but was unsuccessful. I could not conceal my intelligence, and so other men were chosen. If I had been on tho jury I would have been there yet, I think. As I understood tho case, it was a trial on the charge of murder, and not on the charge of piracy, willful negligence, or adultery. If lam the wife of a man who eats arsenic between meals for twenty years, and at the end of that time I find that ho fails to get up for his breakfast, having during the night ascended tho iiume, and I am arrested, and, though it is not proven at all that I gave him the arsenic, it is shown that four years ago I neglected to pay my gas bill or wrote a poem on spring, am 1 to be hung for murder or scared to death in my cell, and then given a life sentence! I trust not. Hut I was speaking of the police. I notice this difference between the methods of policemen in the countries named. When arrested in London, I was taken by tho tender 6tot inst above the elbow. In Paris the gendarme took me politely, as ono would. take the arm of a lady who baa tnreatcuea XyS First Arrest. to be a sister to him. In New York, the first time that I was arrested, if I am not mistaken, the policeman took me by the rear of the coat collar and. by a dexterous twist of the wrist, asphyxiated me in a few moments so that I conld see the heavens roll together like a scroll. I lost consciousness for a little time, and all was a blank. If I had not accidentally caught a reviving whiff of the policeman's breath, I guess I would not have been resuscitated at all. The Parisian policeman, I must say, is inferior in his general appearance, bo is the avera ire French soldier. I used to wonder how France could maintain a large army while she tras so poor and la debt, but Ibco

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it all now. She saves many millions of francs each year by making the talis of tho coats of the military shorter as times get harder, and also shortening tho waists of tho same. It has got so now that the two coat-tail buttons and the collar button behind are almost in a row. Added to that, the French soldier is getting smaller every year. If I bad to . light in a real war, I would rather be attacked, I think, by a French soldier in a short-tail coat and wide, red, cotton trousers than by any other adversary I can think of. They are not the kind of 6oldiers who maintained the remarkable supremcy of the Emperor. . The French policeman wears a navy-blue coat that fits him in a rambling and desultory way. He also wears liuen trousers, which should have tatting around the borders, but the republic is at present in such a chaotic and turbulent state that it is almost impossible to get the tatting appropriation through. These white linen trousers, costing, we will say, two francs f. o. b., that is to say, 40 cents free on board tho cars, are the bole covering of the Paris policeman's legs. Hence ho always has the air of a boy who has been recently chastised. He carries, as I say. a short sword or iron stab knife, which adds some dignity , to his otherwise apologetic appearance. Some will say that I am severe to the French police, but I reply, not so severe as he has been on me. What right has an officer to arrest me in a language which I do not pretend to understand, and herald my' name all over Europe without paying the slightest attention to the remarks which I made in the purest English of which I was master t I say, and I say it, also, in stentorian tones, that no country except America can hope to be great which makes up her entire police force of foreigners. In Ireland the police are also foreigners, but they speak very good English. 1 was not arrested in Ireland. I bought a sprig of shamrock, however, and brought it home m a little llower-pot. I sat up nights to keep it alive, and watered it with my tears while ill on tho ocean. But, thank heaven, it pulled through at last, and is alive and growing on my country ser.t. But it is not shamrock. It is clover. And mighty poor clover at that! If the Irish relief fund is not so largo this year as usual the public will understand Why it is thus. Our jaunting car-driver was an Irishman. He was an extremely entertaining one, also. Very polite ami a good, singer. He had the stars and stripes tied to his whip.

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Exchanging Confidence. and so he had a good many American dollars at the end of the year, which he "pnt into pounds, shillings and pence. He told me all about Ireland, so that I know, more about the matter than I ever did before, I believe. Then 1 tried to get even by telling him about our glorious country. I spoke of the marvelous growth and wealth of the Republic; also, of our cordiality toward foreigners who desired to come here and vote our way as soon as possible. Then I told hirn about tho great agricultural resources of our country and the mighty cyclone of thf West, which is able to pull an artesian well wrong side out, liko the finger of a glove, and leave it sticking nine hundred feet up into space, like a sore thumb. I then spoke briefly but feelingly of the far West; the gold, and silver, and canned goods, wild animals and desperados, tho high mountains, the wealth of timber, the rarity of the atmosphere, which enables one to easily see across an entire State, and which makes the bore of an ordinary revolver look like the Hoosac tunnel. All these I told him about, as we rode gaily along in our russet-colored jaunting car, with Maud S. doing the pulling. Maud S. is a bay mare of about middle age. with a green-grass style of embon5oint, as we say in France, which prevents ler attaining a great velocity ' without training down a good deal. After I had told the driver all I could think of. he yawned a little, I thought, and said: "Yes, I am always interested in Americky, and shall be all my loif, for I lived In Montany eight years mesilf." I then spoke of tho scenery through which we were .passing. George W Floyd bought a ilask of Irish whisky while we wero on the old sod. I drank some of it on the way over here. I uov see why Ireland feels that she has been grievously wronged. That is exactly the way I felt. We also bought several shillalahs. sometimes called the original Home. They are made of blackthorn, with a protuberance on the top, out of the root of the thorn. This nob rebounds from the head with great elasticity, so as to give several blows with only one propulsion, so to speak. This, combined with the popular beverage, seems to offer the best facilities in Ireland for spirited and earnest controversies over anything which may present itself. But seriously, the Emerald isle seems to be more hopeful of peace and prosperity than for manv years past, according to the authority of the best read Irishmen, and especially of the clergy, among them the very Reverend James Hegarty, who was a fellow-passenger, and who talked very cheerfully of the Irish situation at present, feeling, as he said, that it must certainty very soon, and without serious disturbance, adjust itself -to the satisfaction of every ono with tho exception of those, perhaps, whose opinions are not valuable. Next to the policeman, tho railway guard of the old country interests me. Having beeu accustomed to tho clear, resonant and elocntionary elevated railway guard and his bright, crisp remarks about the stations as wo pass along, I was ill prepared to be fastened into a railway carriage by myself with no conductor to converso with, no brakeman to bore a bole into the effete atmosphere with his corkscrew voice, no peanutter to come and lean a whole circulating library on my bossom or show me tho scenery as he pointed out the beauties of our latest and most successful smutty novel, fresh from the bauds of its brinht young school-girl author. That is why I was carried past my station, and, instead of Liverpool, I turned up at Scotland Yards once, and at another time, in gazing up the Thames, I found myself after a little nap at a station called Chester. Several times I was carried to the end of the road when I had intended to 6top on the way, and I would have lost a good deal of time only that one can only go far enough away from London so that ho will be ablo to get back in half an honr. If one should go further than that ho would drown. Bill Nye. The Day After the Wedding. Edinburgh Scotsman. Although the Duke and Duchess of Fife remained at home on Sunday morning after their wedding, in the evening the happy couple might have been seen in an ordinary hansom driving rapidly toward a neighboring village church for evening service, unattended by any suite, the Princess in tho quietness of Sunday dress, with a waterproof, and the Duke in ordinary, not to say shabby, morning attire. They had told the driver to wait the close of the service, but the man misunderstood, and 60, the little simple village church service over, the Duke and his bride sallied forth with tho other worshipers and in the gloaming of a summer's evening walked quietly back to their house across the park & hardly ly noticed. Imitation to Arnold. Philadelphia Times. Sir Edwin Arnold, author of the "Light of Asia," is in Toronto. He should come and visit Count Thomas Edison, author of I tho Light of America,

SKILL OF THE SAW-MAKERS

A Local Industry That Camo from the Genius of a Flucky Mechanic Saws Sent to all Tarts of the World ly an In dianapolis Company The Eight-Hour SystemShort Talks Trith Workingmen. Indianapolis manufacturers all take a lively interest In the approaching visit of the delegates to the international con.gress, which will meet in Washington next month, and will be attended by representatives from Mexico, Central and South America. The Congress will deal entirely with commercial questions, and the outcoma will, it is said, be of material benefit to the manufacturers in the United States. Among those who take an interest in the coming visitors, is E. C. Atkins, of E. C. Atkins &; Co., saw-makers. Mr. Atkins came to this city thirty-three years ago, and began the manufacture of saws. He started alone, without even a helper, and from this small beginning has grown the great establishment, which is known over many thousand miles of the earth's surface. These works now employ from 200 to 250 men, the latter number being the full force, and at times theso men have to work extra hours to meet orders. The machinery and facilities used are. the most improved known to the trade, several of the most important being invented by the head of the firm. The Atkins establishment has the capacity to produce 1,000 cross-cut saws in twenty-four hours, and along therewith a proportionate number of gang, circular and band saws. The trade of this house is throughout the United States and Territories, with three branch houses one at Memphis, another at Chattanooga and the third at Minneapolis. There is a specially large demand from the - Pacifio coast, and the trade in 'the South is increasing rapidly. These saws go out in great numbers to foreign parts through New York and San Francisco exporting houses. Australia, Central and South America and Mexico are all increasing their demands. The reporter, on his visit to see the establishment, inquired as to the extent of the company's Canadian trade. "We go very little into Canada," was Mr. Atkins's reply, 'on account of tho Canadian tariff, while Canadian goods of our kinds come into this country in considerable quantity. The United States puts a duty of 8 cents a foot on cross-cut saws, while our saws, would have to pay to the Canadian revenue not less than 16 cents a foot. The Atkins company has facilities for making saws 100 inches in diameter, but the largest sually called for are eighty-eight inches in diameter. "Here" said Mr. Atkins, who was showing the reporter through the place, "is a machine that can grind 1,000 cross-cut saws a day, grinding both sides at the same time. I think it is in the novel of John Halifax, Gentleman, that a grinding machine is described in which two men are required at the machine, one to put a metal blade in, another to take it out. This machine is my invention. You see it does somewhat better, for it takes the saw from the operator, grinds it, and bands it back to him. Some of the finer grades of steel for cross -ciit and circular saws are imported, but we use American steel for all purposes to which it is adapted. With the present tariff on steel, we can buy the English article as cheaply as the American, it's a little singular, out the higher the tariff the cheaper the price of steel. That has been my experience, and I have been buying since I was a boy twenty years old. A high tariff encourages the manufacture of steel and creates American competition." The company also has a shop in which are made all kinds of tools used in sawmills, as well as the specialties required in the manufacture of saws. All the saws made here are hand-tiled. There are machines for tiling saws, but at this establishment the verdict is they are not suiliciently accurate for first-class work, and there is no attempt to . compete with low-grade goods. The anvil work upon saws requires great skill, dexterity and care. The men who do this work receive the highest wages. All the heating furnaces of the Atkins company are heated by natural gas, which is a great thing in saw-making, where the greatest accuracy is demanded. .The heat can now be regulated with a certainty that no coal fire will admit of, and the proper temper of the metal can be counted upon. In fact, there are two sets of furnaces, the heating furnace requiring a very high heat, while the tempering furnace must liave a great deal less heat. It was mentioned, with a pardonable degree of satisfaction, that this establishment can make and temper a saw ono thousand feet long. The output from this factory, which makes everything in the saw line, amounts to moro than half a million saws a year. The Eight-Hour System. The eight-hour system is now a subject of much favorable comment, as well as criticism, throughout the ranks of the laboring classes. While a proposed revolution, such as is embodied in its policy, can neither be accomplished in a moment nor forced upon the people without an opportunity for examination, the movement is advocated mainly from tho stand-point of economy to self and tho demands of tho workingman's moral nature, "I have studied the eighthour movement," remarked a foreman in a factory to a Journal reporter the other day, "and I am about convinced that it is .one of the best, if not the very best, step that has been taken since I have known anything about the held in which I am now. I believe firmly that it will be permanent and saccessf uL After all, there aro only two things possible for us higher wages and shorter hours. We can't get both, and wo must have one. What can wo do? It is a well-known fact that higher wages make the life of the laboring man easier to live, but -how long does it last! Only so long as the market prices remain up. The prosperity of one week, caused by high wages, may be replaced by the other extreme the next weekend down go the wages of the employes in order to elp the employer." "Higher wages, you think then, do not solve the problem!'' No, 1 do not. They make things better for the tine being, but they are not lasting. Shorter hours mean leisure time to spend at home, and there is where God intended man to devote at least a part of his time. The fact is, higher wages make yonr man a machine, while shorter hours make him more of a human being. He then has a chance for self-education. Mental development and moral culture will take the place of the indirlereuce, ignorance and carelessness that were before exhibited. I believe the eight-hour cry is the one that should go up all over this bind at the present time." Why There Can Be o Labor Party, "No; we will never have a labor party In this country that will amount to anything." "I say we will." "Well, I say we won't" "This little exchange of opinion, which occurred at the steps of one of the hotels, recently, was heard by a .Journal reporter, who ventured the question, to the first speaker, as to whether or not his opinion was based upon fact or mere belief. 'What I said wa3 that wo will never have a labor party that will amount to anything," he replied, "and I believe that is true. Of course, opinions don't go for much, nowadays, when everybody lias 'a different one, bnt I have thought about the political outlook of the United States a great deal of late, and I have about reached that conclusion." "Upou what do you base your conclusion!' "A party is formed upon some one , idea which is necessary to bo carried oat, &&1

that at once. It is not actuated by moral demands, but by material. Party is simply a means of revolution." "Wouldn't you call the demands of labor sufhcisntly strong to bring about a revolution?" "No. I would not; and right there is the reason wo will never havo a regularly organized labor party. The workingmau has certain demands which he claims are imperative. Thev mav be, but if his better Judgment is left to decide he will see that he can get all of his demands answered through the party legislation that we havo had for the past twenty years. What 1 am inclined to term the irregularities of the present labor system are to be corrected not by party organization, but by clinging to the old parties.. The less a laboring mau talks of a labor party and the more he strives to make his home a happy one tho better will he succeed in the end." What the Worklogm&n Needs. The meeting of the State Federation of Trades and Labor Unions, which was held here last Wednesday, was only fairly well attended by delegates. All of tho representatives, however, evinced considerable enthusiasm in the cause which the Federation espouses. One of the most strongly expressed resolutions was that favoring the early-closing movement. "But that is not tho only end to which we are striving," remarked one of the delegates. 'In general, we aim at a higher culturo for tho laboring man. That is what we want. Musclo is not the only thing in a man. for he is supposed to possess a small amount of brains, anyway. Moral and mental development is wha the workingman of to-day needs." Ljbbor Xotrs. Steel pavements are in use. English railways pay $2 a ton forcoal.. Pittsburg reports a scarcity of laborers. American building trades employ 2,000,000. A Colorado, wheat-field employs S00 hands. At Newport $521,000 was offered for a cot tage. Derby, Conn., will make the new postal card. Texas negroes own 1,000,000 acres and $20,000,000. , Tho . stationary engineers have 10,000 members. The Texas Federation of Labor has indorsed Henry George. Cigarette girls get $1 per 1,000; some mako 1,100 cigarettes in a day. A Rochester man makes 150 words per minute on the typo-wnter. n The New York Central Labor Union will put up legislative candidates. The vessels that cross the ocean in six days burn 400 tons of coal daily. About 400 Belgian and English glassblowers in America go home -each summer. Boston has 7,000 organized tailors. They want New York tenement-house work boycotted. At Jacksonville, Fla., 400 cigar-makers struck to have their pay brought to their benches. Two Holyoke (Mass.) mills that were to shut down if Cleveland should be elected are closed. Boston has a Merchants' week. Storekeepers from towns around have their fares paid to the city. ' in the manufacture of boots and shoes the work of 000 operatives is now done by 100 with the use of machinery. In the manufacture of flour modern ini provements save 75 per cent, of the manual labor that once was necessary. New Hampshire compels working children of from fourteen to sixteen to go to school threo months of the year. By the use of coal-mining machines 1G0 miners in a month can mine as much coal in the same time as 500 miners by the? old methods. In the manufacture of brick improved devices save one-tenth of the labor, and in the manufacturing of fire-brick 40 per cent, of the manual labor is displaced. . In stave-dressing twelve co-laborers with a machine can dress 12,000 staves in the same time that the sanwn numberof workers by hand could dress 2.500 staves. England allows children of thirteen to work if they attend school half the day. No one under eighteen and no women can work over sixty hours per week. The Lynn Lasters Protective Union paid $12,000 for ground for a hall to contain a lecture-room, library, billiard-hall, etc. The protective union has 10,000 members. A railroad in the Northwest built 1,000 miles of lino in half as many days, and had at one time 20.000 men at work, nearly as many as Napoleon had in battle at Marengo. In the manufacture of carriages it used to take one man thirty-live days to make a carriage. It is now made by the aid of machinery with the work of one man intwelvo days. London boss bakers maV from $5 to $15 Eer week, workmen $3.50 to $0, cleaning-up oys $2. Each is allowed a loaf to tako home. Most of tho bakers sleep in the shops. The number of immigrants who have passed through Castle Garden so far this month 19 11,919, a falling off from last year of 2,405. Since January 210,313 immigrants have arrived. Last year, during the same period, the number was 228, Many Brooklyn grocers will not sell nonunion bread, since the bakers struck rather than leave the union. Co-operative bakeries are talked of. The organization has reduced a day's work from seventeen hours per day to eleven, and to thirteen on Saturday. The Labor Congress at Paris represented fourteen nationalities. The Poles are not allowed to organize openly. The meeting demands eight hours, no night work, double pay for overtime, the same not to bo over four hours per day, no work for employes under fourteen years of age, one holiday per week, no work on fete days, equal pay for women and men. The trade organizations of tho Hebrews of New York are tteadily growing in strength under the skillful management of the organization known as the United Hebrew Trades. The Hebrew Purse-makers' Union has just been organized, arid tho membership of the Hebrew Jewelers' Union has been considerably enlarged. The Hebrew Musical Union has been reorganized on a co-operative basis. The steel pen trade at Birmingham is reported as buoyant, the average weiklv production exceeding 100,000 gross, some'thing that would give an aggregate annual product of 1,108,080.000 steel pens. In her Majesty's stationery office one year the consumption o steel pens was about two millions, as against half a million of quill ones. In the London clnbs'the proportion of quill pens used Is larger than that in tho government otliccs. Mr. Robert Little, of Cypress River, has constructed a machine to sew the mouths of tacks when filled with Hour. The bag is rawed with wire instead of twine, thus reducing tho cost and the work done is in evry way as perfect. The ba? being placed in position, by a single draw of a levtr the wire is taken off spindles along the length of the machine in a groove, cut into lengths about au incb long, each leDgth mnilo into a staple, which is driven into the bag and clinched. The mouth of the bag is doubled up; thus the staple is driven through four ply of cloth. The staples are about an inch apart. The machine is all iron and occupies a flpace about two feet each way. Friendly Hint to Mrs. Gougar. Washington Post. We regret to hear that the beautiful and accomplished Mrs. Helen Gougar expresses a deeply-rooted hope that -she will some day sit in Congress. Mrs. Gougar is at present a strictly abstemious lady, and wo should dislike to see her placed where the temptation to take a nip now and then is increased by the ease and dispatch with which it can be smuggled into a cloakroom at any time of day. Oat of the Ordinary. Minneapolis Tntmno. A lady who died near Burlington, Ia the other day, at the age of 103 years, had often confessed that she had never seen Georg Washington. She had not chewed tobacco all her life, could not read without glasses, chop a cord of wood before breakfast, or break a bucking broncho. She was indeed a curiosity, and it is a nitv she died

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