Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 July 1889 — Page 4

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, IBS. .

THE DAILY JOURNAL WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 1880.

WASHINGTON OFFICE-M3 Fourteenth St. r. S. Heath, Correspondent. NEW YORK OFFICE 204 Temple Court, Corner Jleekwan and Nassau treU. Telephone Calls. Baslxitu Office 28 Editorial Room 242 TERMS OF 8UISSCIUTTION. DAILY. One year, withont Snndaj One year, with Sunday : Fix month, without, fnnday.... Fix montns. with Sunday Thr month.-s without snnday Three month, vcith Sunday On; month, without Sunday... $12.00 14.00 ;.oo 7.0D 3.00 3.50 1 0) .. 1.2a WEEKLT. Per year. 51.00 Reduced Rates to Clubs. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents, or send subscriptions to the JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, INDIXNAI-OLIS, IND. AU communications intended for publication in this paper must, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name andaddrex of the writer. TILE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the follow in jc places: LONDON American Exchange in Europe, 449 etrasd, PARIS-American Exchange la Paris. 33 Boulevard dea Capuclnea. NEW TORK-Ollsey House anf Windsor Hotel. PHILADELPHIA A. pTKemble, 3735 Lancaster avenue. CHICAGO Palmer House. CINCINNATI-J. P. Hawley & Co., 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE C. T. Deering. nor Ih west comer Third and Jefferson streets, BT. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot and Southern Hotel. WASHINGTON, D. C.-Rlggs House and Ebbltt House. The new school-book law is the essence of centralized government. The Louisiana lottery and tho Mis souri-Indiana school-book ring are the only legalized monopolies in the United States. Those laugh best who laugh last. The people will take care of their schools, and in the end will have free 6choolbooks and no monopolies. It is an outrage to attempt to f orco on the people of Indiana, Missouri-made Kchool-books which are not even deemed good enough for Missouri. Kentucky will elect a State Treasurer next week, and leading Democrats, in cluding editor Watterson, are seized with a wild fear that tho Republican candidate will be successful. As Mr. Tate, tho last Democratic Treasurer, went to Canada with $250,000 of tho public funds, it is not to be wondered at that the people want a change. The Louisville Courier-Journal says: "If tho disgrace of illiteracy, which adhereschiefly to tho Republican voters, is ever removed from Kentucky it will be the work of Democrats. When every voter can read and write the strength of the Republican party of Kentucky will have departed." By tho census of 1880 there were in Kentucky 258,18G persons over ten years of age who could not read, of whom 133,80o were colored and 124,291 white. The illiterate voters in Kentucky are not all black nor Repubcans by a good deal. Ex-Congresshan Nunn, of Tennes see, is authority for tho interesting statement that if five counties in West Ten nessee had given Harrison the same vote that they gave Blaine in .1884 the State would have gone Republican. It seems East and Middle Tennessee are safely Republican, but, through Democratic frauds in five counties of West Tennes see, the electoral vote of the State was .given to Cleveland. Nearly one hun dred indictments have been found against prominent Democrats in connection with these frauds, and interesting disclosures are expected when the cases come to trial. Congressman 13 rower, ' of North Carolina, gets no sympathy from his Republican colleagues in his criticism of the administration. Congressman Cheatham, of his own State, tho only colored Republican in tho next House, says: I have carefully observed tho actions of tho President since March 4, and candidly and conscientiously be lieve ho has tried, in every particular, to mete out justice impartially to every section and individual with whom he has had to deal, and I havo not been able to see where any member of Con gress, especially from North Carolina, has just causo to complain of the administration." If tho new school-book law is com pulsory on school boards, township trus tees, teachers and people, it will bo tho first time in the history of tho State that any compulsory process of this kind has been attempted. Pending tho passage of tho bill by tho Legislature, its advocates urged it as a measure of reform demanded by the people and as a means of destroying the school-book ring by giving the people a chance te buy cheap books. Now they have changed front. Tho measuro of "reform" rs to be forced on the people whether they want it or not; tho relief which it was pretended they were demanding is to bo crammed down their throats and tho old ring is to be smashed by substituting a new and far worse one. Worst of all, the school system of Indiana is to bo wrecked and riddled and the education al interests of tho State are to bo wan tonly trilled with for speculative pur poses. Tho peoplo should demand tho repeal of the law at the eailicst oppor tunity and renew tho original demand of free text-books and no monopolies. The advocates of free whisky are making tho same mistake in Kentucky they have made elsewhere. There is a movement on foot in that State for a convention to revise and amend tho Constitution. The question of prohibition docs not figure to any extent in the proposed revision, and the Prohibition party in Kentucky is not strong enough to make it probable that any serious attempt would bo made to incorporate prohibition in the Constitution. But as6U!Mw that there might be, tho liquor men have taken ground against a con vention, and havo issued a circular urging the people to oppose it. It is not de . nied that the Constitution of Kentucky needs amending in some important parUculars, out lor lear something might

be inserted looking to a restriction of

the liquor traflic, the liquor men oppose a convention. Tho Louisville Commer cial warns them that their action "will infuse new vitality into the moribund Prohibition party of the State, and if the liquor interest plants itself across the path of progress and gives the world to understand that it will oppose all change or improvement, lest, perchance, something may be proposed that it will not like, it will raise against itself a vigor of attack it has never had to encounter be fore." 8LIPPEB7 MB. OBERLT. "- When Mr. John II. Oberly was xnado a Civil-service Commissioner by President Cleveland, people who knew him well expressed a belief that only a miracle could transform this wire-pulling Demo cratic politician into a genuine reformer and a conscientious supporter of civilservice principles. That tho miracle was not worked was evident enough to any observer who watched the course of the commission while he remained a member; but the discovery that fifteen hundred pension cases were made "special" previous to election, by his recommendation, is a tangible proof that he must have spent a considerable part of his official time in assisting Com missioner Black to "work" the Pension Department for party purposes. That he was not at ease in the office for which ho was so ill fitted was shown by his eagerness to be transferred to the Indian Bureau. In tho latter position he succeeded in impressing the Eastern sentimentalists, who love the Indians immensely at long range, with the conviction that he was a great and good man in the right place. The proof these special pension cases give of his pernicious political activity, while Civil-service Commissioner would seem to indicate an equal unfitness for the im portant office of Indian Commissioner, and a careful study of tho facts and tho natural inference should help to reconcile the sentimentalists to his removal, over which they are still mourning. A man who would delay the consideration of thousands of pension cases while certain others of not more deserving applicants were taken up out of order that their votes might bo gained, was not a man to be trusted to control any depart ment of government service. BOMB UNPUBLISHED GEMS. Senator Voorhees's Blbomfield speech, as stenographically reported for and printed exclusively in the Journal, is attracting general attention by reason of its incendiary teachings and its wild and reckless statements concerning the tariff. Probably no man in public life has ever gono so far in an open attempt to array class agqinst class and to intlame popular passions against law and order as Mr. Voorhees did in this speech. Many other Democratic speakers and freetrade orators have followed the same lino of argument and suggested the sarao ideas, but few, if any, have ever expressed them as boldly. The same is true of the reckless misstatements concerning the operation and effect of the tariff. This part of the tirade was intended to fit in with the other, and in order to do so it had to be very extreme. In this regard, however, it differed only in degree from the stock arguments and assertions of free-traders. They all attempt to deceive and mislead tho people; the only difference is that Mr. Voorhees out-Heroded Herod. Tho published portion of the Bloomfield speech did not present all its striking points. After the short-hand reporter's notes were written out tho speech was found to bo inconveniently long for the Journal to print in full, and in order to bring it within proper compass it was cut down. Tho pages thus left out, and still in possession of the Journal, contain a good many gems in tho way of argument and illustration quite equal to those printed. Of course they do not appear in the Sentinel's pretended report of tho speech. Some of these are worth preserving. Mr. Voorhees had a great deal to say about a plutocracy. At tho beginning of his remarks on this subject, not printed before, ho said: Unless tho people rise and take this question in their own hauds. and straule and crush .out the spirit of plutocracy, tho day is not far distant when you will work for masters under a different name. A plutocracy means a government by the naked power of money; where a government is run and controlled by the . earls, and dukes, and lords of millions." while vou creep around between their colossal legs for ignoble graves in which to be buried. As a definition of plutocracy, that is rather mixed, but probably the speaker thought it was good enough for Greene county. Possibly some of Mr. Voorhees's listeners, more intelligent or inquisitive than tho rest, might havo wondered whether tho carls, and dukes, and lords of millions included tho Paynes, Whitneys, Scotts, Brices, and other millionaire leaders of tho Demo cratic party, but nobody interrupted tho speaker, and ho went on. Explaining the operation of tho tariff, he said: You escape a tax on what you dig out of tho ground, but when you go to the 6tore, for evcrjtlng yon bny there, whether made in this country or abroad, you have to iav a tariff tax that is charged into the price of the goods. I say that that tariff tax made that coat on your back, or one like it. cost you twico as much as it would have done twenty-live years ago, or before the war broke out. As an attempt to en force the stock argument of free-traders that "the tariff is a tax," this overshot the mark, for there was not a manor woman of middle ago in tho audience who did not know that a good suit of clothes, or tho material for it, for either sex, can be purchased very much cheaper now than before. tho war. And what is more, a good ready-made, allwool suit of clothes can be bought in this country to-day cheaper than in any other country in the world. Coming back to the plutocratic idea, tho speaker said: One of tho surest signs, as given by Mr. Froude, in his great sketch of Julius Caspar, of the overthrow and downfall of Rome, was when it was found that the patricians, tho bondholders, the rich, tho aristocracy owned the lands, had mortgages on theru and bought them in, and the people became tenants instead of owners m feesimpl. There is where you are drifting today; drifting, drifting, and unless you, before it is too late, apply the majesty and power of an unpurchased public will, your children will rise up when you are dead and gone and reproach your memories. This was a gloomy picture to place before Greene county farmers. It is to bo

hoped they did not all pass a sleepless night lamenting the approach of a plutocracy or sweat through a succession of nightmares on which they imagined themselves drifting, drifting into the clutches of the patricians. We have not time to look up what Mr. Froude said on this subject in his great sketch of Julius Caisar, but we are quite sure r$ would not apply to Greene county, nor to any part of Indiana. All statistics show a steady increase in the number, of farmers and landowners. Thus the number of farms in Indiana increased from 131,826 in 1800 to 101,289 in 1870 and 194,013 in 1880. The average sizo of Indiana farms was 105 acres' in 1680, against 124 acres in 1SC0, showing a steady movement towards small farms. Of 194,013 farms in 1S80, 147,903 were cultivated by their owners, 8,582 were rented for a fixed money rental and 37,408 were rented on shares. Out

of 2,7o0 farms in Greene county, 2,140 were cultivated by the owners, 78 were rented for money ad 526 were rented on shares. It will puzzle the average mind to see where tho patricians come in. We do not think there is any immediate danger of a plutocracy in Indi ana. These are some of the gems of purest ray serene buried in tho unpublished parts of Mr. Voorhees's 6peech. It is a mine of wealth. CINCINNATI AND ITS SALOONS. The Cincinnati saloon-keepers arrested for violation of tho Sunday law endeavored to carry matters with a high hand when brought before tho court, on Monday, but were not altogether successful. They demanded trial by jury, and in granting this to one who had been arrested three times, Judge Ermston said: I want you to understand, Sir. Warflinger, that if you are arrested next Sunday you may prepare to give a bond of 10,000. And 1 may say further, that Mr. Henry Varwig will not be accepted on any more bonds. He is on a number of them now, and I do not care to have Mr. Varwig become a professional bondsman. My regard for him is too great to permit anything of that kind. It is gratifying to know that at least one Cincinnati court has no sympathy with tho law-defying saloon element. The saloon and its interests have 60 long dominated that city that comparatively few of tho people there are free from tho blighting influences. For years the prevailing public sentiment in Cincinnati has been in favor of the "personal liberty" that permits a man to sell whisky or to drink whisky when and where it pleases him, without regard to tho effect on public peace, comfort and morality. It has been and still is a town with a beery atmosphere that penetrates into every depart-, ment of business. In other cities, in Indianapolis, for instance, men of respectable social standing cannot frequent saloons without losing caste; in Cincinnati they congregate in drinking places as a matter of custom. A "leading citizen" may not be addicted to drink, but he knows that his associates in their leisure moments are likely to bo found in bar-room or saloon, and goes there to find them without giving the matter; further thought. The Cincinnati Saloon has long been an established and almost a sacred institution, and its supremacy has naturally lowered tho moral tone of the community. Men in other lines of business havo opposed strict regulation of tho whisky traffic for fear of injury to their own trade. Even the press has failed to use its influence against an extension of the evil. It was only when the encroachments of tho saloon element became unendurable that the better sentiment became aroused; and the Law and Order League was formed to see that legal restrictions were enforced. Tho defiant attitude of the saloon-keepers and the indirect approval of their course by tho newspapers of the city show that' the leaguo has a hard task before it; but this very defiance and -brazen effrontery may aid this reform movement through tho disclosures made of the character of tho element sought to be controlled. The remarks of Judge Ermston indicate that it has already had effect. Tnn author of the book "Twixt Love and Law, which floured in tho recent sensational trial at Charleston as having been riven by the nurse girl to McDow, nays he didn't po to do it, he didn't mean to write an immoral book, and he is much prioved to mid that term applied to it. Memphis Avalancho. 3 Poor Annie Jenness Miller may well gnash her pretty teeth when this paragraph reaches her eyes. To have her book declared immoral by a Southern court was bad enough, but to have herself denominated a "he" can feminine patience endure longer? If the blighting hot wind that sometimes travels too far north and invades Kansas will be good enough to stay in its proper place twenty days longer, the farmers of that State expecf to have a guarantee of 225,000,000 bushels of corn, and when the value of their wheat, oats and other farm products is added, $$0,000,000 in cash will be necessary to purchase the year's yield. When Mrs. Alexander Sullivan, wife of tho Irish agitator and suspected Cronin murderer, arrived in New York from London tho other day, sho registered as "Mrs. Phyffe," and traveled under that cognomen to Chicago. If she wants to pass herself off as the Queen's newly - married grand-daughter she must be more exact in the spelling of the name. When Henry George reached New York, on Monday, after au absence in England of several months, he was rapturously greeted, as one dispatch has it, b3 "at least a hundred' .enthusiastic fnends. As a mere mat ter of curiosity, it would bo interesting to know how much real estate that hundred men owned among themselves. Hexry Bernard, carpenter, has a paper in the North American Review on "The Poetry of Poverty.' Without having read the article it is safe to say that it refers to some other fellow's poverty. No man ever saw any poetry in his own. Tins heated controversy over the national flower might as well be stopped at once by the adoption of Roswell P. ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. Helen Newell, James R. Garfield fiancee, is young, tall, graceful and dark She will have a comfortable fortune of her own. Kkv. Dir. Thomas G. Strong, formerly president of AVelU College, has become i sane. He will be committed to the Bin hamtou asylum. g' Wm. Ko bin son, of Venanao count v I Pennsylvania, claims that exude oil will

cure almost any ailment. He says he has used it in all his sicknesses, and has always been cared. s . Earl Dudley, of England, is an inveterate gambler. He recently lost 50,000 at cards in Paris. He will bare to look about for an American heiress some day. It is rumored that Chauncey M. Depew has invited Gladstone to visit this country and to make a trip to Alaska, and that there is some prospect of his acceptance. Secretary Noble's house in Washington, the old Tiffany mansion, is one of tho most luxuriously furnished houses m the city. It contains, among other interesting things, a valuable collection of ancient armor. The senior European journalist is Sir Edward Baines, of Leeds. He is over ninety years of age, and he represented his father's paper at the Peterloo massacre in 1819, arid is probably the only . survivor of that tragedy. Neither Bishop Vincent nor Mr. Miller, who founded the summer school at Chautauqua, sixteen years ago and who are there leading it is a college man, singular as the fact may seem. Mr. Miller's daughter is tho wife of Thomas A. Edison, the electrician. The Shah's tact was demonstrated beyond question at Birmingham. When be stepped on the platform the crowd fairly

mobbed him.' He took in tho situation at a glance, smiled and readily responded to the request of scores of men and women to shake hands with hiin. Douw and Henry Fonda are twins living in Fonda, N. Y. They are, in all probabil ity, the oldest twins in the county. They reached tho age of - f onrscore last Sunday. Fonda took its name from an ancestor of these venerable brothers. The Fonda twins own adjoining farms. It is said that the long-standing quarrel between the two brothers, Imre and Bolossy Kiralfy, is at an end, and that after tho coming season they will join forces atrain and work together in the production of spectacular pieces throughout the coun try, lhe reconciliation is complete The Austrian Archbishops are probably the most highly paid in the world. The Cardinal Archbishop of Vienna has only about 6.0t)0 a year, but the Cardinal Archbishop of Olmntz has 40,000, the Cardinal Archbishop of Prague has 35,000, and the Arch bishop of Enru has 00,000. And tho primate or Hungary, tne tardmai Arcnbishop of Grau, has 4,80,000 a year. Gen. Wm. B. Franklin, who is in charge of the American exhibit at Paris, is receiv ing mnch adverse : criticism. The fact is Franklin never was and never could be a popular man. He is haughty, unapproachaoie ana cares noming ior puonc opinion. In Connecticut he nas lew warm friends. His record at Paris will not compare favorably with Senator, Hawley's management of the Philadelphia centennial. The richest woman in America is a resi dent of South America. She is not only the richest woman in the Americas, but she is the richest woman in the world. She has one of the largest fortunes held by either sex. This woman is Dona Isadora Consino, of Chili. She is the biggest Teal estate owner in Santiago and Valparaiso. South American fortunes are hard to estimate, bnt manv neonlo have nut hers above S200.000,000. Money multiplies fast inher hands,' for her eye is everywhere. Mrs. P. M. Kendall, of Cambridge, Mass.,' one of Maria Mitchell's sisters, will probably write her. biography. Professor Mitchell has left behind her a mass of most interesting correspondence from the Herschels, Humboldt, Hawthorne and other eminent men and women. Mrs. Livermore contributes to this week's Woman's Journal some very, interesting reminiscences of Maria Mitchell. She urges that now, while Professor Mitchell's memory is still fresh in all hearts, her friends should collect her letters and note down their reminiscences of her, and let them be woven into her biography. , Two weeks ago, while engaged in exam- - ining the public archives at the Hague, Gen. James Grant "Wilson met with a letter addressed to the States-general of the '.United Netherlands by P. Schagen, dated Amsterdam, rsov. 7. 102(, announcing the purchase of the island of Manhattan by the "Dutch West India Company for the sum of 524. Two days later ne found the original deed, which had lain unknown .for 263 years among the papers of an ancient Dutch iamiiy. ueuerut iibou uupci 10 ue auieio purchase the deed. The discovery was made in the course of researches concerning Mrs. Wilson's Bayard ancestors, who came to America in 1647 with tho last of the Dutch Governors, Peter Stuy vesant. A correspondent who has met Bou,langerin London writes: "The General's manner is, for a Frenchman, sedate, composed, tranquil; with the sell-possession of one long used to intercourse with his fel-low-men and with women. As to the latter, the most skeptical nevor hinted a doubt. It is a good manner, without being remarkable for distinction. Unknown he might pass unobserved in a drawing-room, nor is there much in his bearing to suggest the notion of greatness. A good soldier, a good war-office administrator, he possesses a certain frankness and popularity of address, an easy command of conventional civilities and an extremely pliable temper to those rather adventurous politicians who use his name. COMMENT AND OPINION. The protection system is gaining ground in all parts of Europe. Surely it would bo a great mistake for this country to pick up the cast-off garments of foreign countries, or, to change the figure, put or. the freetrade yoke which has galled the necks and impeded the progress of foreign nations. Detnot Tribune. It is not a matter for. regret that there was a falling off of over 100,000 in the immigration to this country during the last fiscal year. There is no lack of labor in any direction, nor of settlers and crop-raisers. On the contrary,uiost industries are crowded and the tillable public lands are growing scarce. New York World. Political prophecy is a dangerous trade, but we will venture to predict that, if the Kepublican party does increase expenditure, it will have an enlarged navy, improved coast defenses and profitable public works to show as evidence of the application of tho public money to wholesome purposes. Chicago Inter Ocean. Low railroad rates can be only an advantage to debtors, and will leave them more wherewith to meet their obligations. While the gas and water arebeing squeezed out of inflated securities the country can endure panics in the stock market, and the practice of unwonted economy by holders of stocks and bonds, provided tho great debtor class remains able to pay 100 cents on the dollar. Chicago Tribune. Tins so-called Christian science approaches barbarity, and has at times a semblance of neglect with criminal intent on the part of its followers. Many cases havo been recently reported in which women in travail havo been left to die for want of common nursing, because their friends believed that Divine Power would intervene in answer to prayer, and perform the duties of the physician. New ork Press. Can tho South be certain that she is not purchasing a present political advantage at the cost of ultimate general calamity! The matter is worth thinking about very carefully. It involves possibilities of surprise and reaction which may easily prove to bo most unwelcome and unmanageable. The sailing is pleasaut for the present: but tilers is no assurance as to bow long it will remain so. St. Louis (Jlobe-Democrat. The multiplication of cheap books has caused a doubt whether there is auch a necessity for public libraries as formerlj; but experience is beginning to demonstrate that the necessity for comprehensive collections of all classes of standard literature is by no means met by the cheap publications which place leisure reading within the means of the masses. Pittsburg Dispatch. It is not so hard to make men realize that fo,er liquor-shops mean larger savings, better workinfnien. happier homes, healthier lives and fewer criminals. If a measure can cut oil half this waste, and half the other and incalculably more important consequences, would it xiot bo well worth the earnest effort of every decent citizen? "No; prohibition or nothing: ' cries the very sincere reformer, and so tho car of human progress rolls backward. New York Tribune

TIIE PROHIBITION QUESTION

A Brilliantly Written and Unbiased Review of the Liquor-Drinking Evil. . "Nothing Can Be Said in Fayor of the Saloon, Whether Licensed or Unlicensed' Prohibition a Decided Success in Kansas. Senator John J. Iapalls, in August Forma. The case stated by the Prohibitionists is that not less than $1,000,000,000 are annually spent in tho United States for foreign and domestic wines, malt liquors and distilled spirits. This is more than is expended! for beef, pork and flour, and nearly equals tho amount paid for wages in all the manufacturing establishments of every description ju the country. In less than two years it would meet all the current expenses of the government and extinguish the public debt. Practically this gigantic sum of money is wasted. It is abstracted from the wealth .and revenues of the Nation. . Of any man in health who drinks intoxicating liquors the best that can be said is that he . . . escapes narm. This enormous disbursement yields no equivalent either to the individual or to the community in -nutrition, strength or happiness. To the State it results in, a perceptible loss of productive energy, and diminution of its moral forces. It im pairs the capacity of ihe citizens for labbr and for military service, indefinitely multi plies tho number of criminals andpanpers, and immeasurably increases the aggregate of human wretchedness. ' Were these evils confined to ,tJe guilty they would be less intolerable, but they bear heaviest upon the defenseless and the innocent. The frenzied blows of the drunken ruuian and murderer fail upon victims who, in the absence of his tenderness and compassion, have neither weapon nor sniexu, anu are aestiiute aiiKe 01 pro tection ana redress. - The advocates of license and local option contend that the appetite for alcohol is as universal as is its diffusion among the organic substances of the natural world. Its consumption in some form as a beverage ? 1 - ;.t A is coevai wmi ino numan race, ana wm continue so l:ig as life endures upon the planet. Moderately used it is not injurious 10 me inaivmual or 10 society. They further insist that the most radical and resolute advocates of temperance do not claim that there is any more justification for interference by the law with tho moderate use of alcoholic liquors than with the chewing, smoking and snutnng of 20baceo or tho drinking of coftee or tea. The use of liquors may bo of no advantage; abstinence would, perhaps, be better; but indulgence is a personal right and every citizen is entitled to do as he pleases,' so long as he does not injure the life, liberty or property of another. None of the prohibitory amendments or statutes are directed against the practice of drinking. It is not denounced or interdicted, and as it-is not wrong perse, the right must be admitted to exist. It is with tho abuse, and not the use, of intoxicants that society is concerned, and against this legislation should bo directed. Intemperance is the evil that is to be corrected, and when this is accomplished the authority of the State is at an end. Drunkenness being the offense, and tho drunkard the offender, the singular and illogical aspect of prohibition is that it does not deal directly with either, but endeavors to prevtut one and reform the other by forbidding to all the lawfuluseof intoxicating liquors as a beverage, because some are addicted to excess. If it is right to manufacture and sell intoxicating liquors for medicinal, scientific and mechanical purposes, and right to drink, them in moderation, it seems unreasonable to punish, he innocent and lot the guilty go free. . . In larceny the ofiense is stealing; the offender is the thief. Society, punishes the Eerson who unlawfully takes and carries orses away, but does not forbid the citizen to breed horses and keep them for sale or for other purposes admitted to be legitimate. Themaliciou3btjrningof a dwelling is felonyj we imprison .the ofiender. bat do not forbid the building of houses. The ii- -licit gratification of the sexual appetite inflicts unspeakable mischiefs and maladies upon mankind; but to relieve society :fronV their consequences, limitations are not j placed upon the lawful commerce of hiar-J riage, nor is the distinction, between the sexes obliterated. Tho objection to licensing the sale of intoxicating liquors because it licenses crime is sentimental rather than real, for it is not a crime until declared to bo so by statute. The assumed analogy between drinking and slavery, so often asserted by the Prohibitionist, is fallacious and sophistical. Slavery is a violation of the natural rights of man. It is not lawful to hold a human being in bondage, even for medicinal, scientific or mechanical purposes, but the right to sell liquors for these purposes is admitted, and the right to drink them temperately is not denied. This is a summary of the contention now proceeding in the United States upon the liquor problem, the solution of which has engaged tho attention of thoughtful and patriotic men in all civilized countries for centuries. So long ago as 1G70 Sir Matthew Hale declared that 80 percent, of the crimes committed in England were due to drunkenness, and the discussion of the relative merits of license and prohibition in resiraiumg me evus 01 intemperance nas been continuous through the long interval. For the past fifty years the agitation has been incessant, and the issues' presented appear to be such as can be decided only by experience. In Massachusetts, of which Maine was a portion until 1$3), the license system was in force until 1835. Power was then given to the county commissioners, who were elected by the people, to grant or refuse licenses, so that what is commonly called "local option" was practically put in lorcc. Before 163S this had bocome prohibition in nearly all the counties, and in that year the rfifteen-gallou law" was passed, prohibiting the sale of less than that amount of liquor at one time, but it was repoaled the next year. In lS53 a prohibitory law, was passea, wiucn, wun many amendments, remained in force until 1875, when a' license law was passed which has sinco continued in operation. During the present year an election has been held upon the question of constitutional prohibition. In a total poll of 230,000, the proposed amendment received, in round numbers, 8U.000, as against 132,000. The entire vote was less than two-thirds of that cast at the presidential election in November, which shows that besides the actual majority of 44,000, more than 100,000 voters declined to assist in the suppression of ' " the liquor trafilc.at the -cost; of imposing upon tho commonwealth the tentative remedy of prohibition ffhe result was due to tho convictions of the great conservative body of electors, who declined to give their support to what they considered to be au intemperate method of dealing with alcoholic intemperance. The discussion was earnest, honest and thorough. The voters of Massachusetts studied the question in the light of the experience in Maine and the other States of the Union for more than half a century. They had witnessed the operation within their own -State of prohibition, local option, license and other experimental legislation, and decided to adhere to the system of stringent limitation, under which the number of licenses in Boston was reduced from 2,000 to 7H). The public agitation of the drink question in Kausas began with the organization of the Territory iu 1S54. The founders of Topeka and Lawrence voted to enforce prohibition. The tirst State temperance convention was held in 1874, and formally de, mantled a national . law on the snbicct. Camp-meetings and great popular demonstrations occurred from year to year and the dillerent churcU organizations enlisted,, actively in the work. In 1879. in response to this popular demand, the Legislature submitted to the people a proposed amendment to the Stato Constitution, to be voted upon at the November election of 1SS0, in the following words: "The manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors shall ho forever prohibited in this State except for medicinal, scientific and mechanical purposes." The canvass that followed was animated but not partisan. The presidential vote wa PS1.S00, and Gartield s majority was 03,7; the total vote cast on the prohibitory amendment was lTfitfoG.and the majority in its favor was 7,ftW, showing that many thousands of Kepublicans voted against it. Tho Legielature, which assembled in Jamiary.l81, passed a law forbidding the sale and manufacture of intoxicating liquors,

except for the specified purposes, to tako effect May 1, 18S1. Kcsistance was general, and groat excitement followed. The liquordcalcrs and manufacturers in all parts of the country contributed liberally to defeat lfs practical operation. Iu.lSS2i.he Republican State convention renominated Governor St. John, who had been the special champion of temperance, for a third term, upon a platform indorsing prohibition, while the Democrats demanded re-submission. Tho campaign was passiouatein the extreme. St. John was dedefeatcd. but the rest of the Republican ticket was elected by tho usual majorities for an off" year. In 1SS1 the Kepublicans again indorsed prohibition, while the Democrats denounced it and declared for high license. Tho latter party Renominated tlgv. Glick, who had been successful iu the previous canvass, but he was defeated by about S9,0U0. In November, of that year, the Supremo Court of the United States sustained the prohibitory law, and in April. 18S7, upon appeal, held that the powtr of tho Stato was complete, and that th amendment and tho statutes pursuant thereto were not in violation of the Conntitution of tho United Str.tes. Thi ended tho contest, and the triumph of prohibition was complete. Kansas has abolished the saloon: The open dramshop traQic is as extinct as the sale ;of indulgences. A drunkard is a phenomenon. Tho barkeeper has joined the troubadour, the crusader and the mound-builder. Tho brewery, the distillery and the bonded warehouse are known only to tho archaeologist. 4 Civilization breaks upon the frontier in a turbulent and lawless surf of humanity, to whoso existonce alcohol, in some form, seems indispensable, and to those who can recall the pioneer period of the State. 16 seems incredible that among a population of 1,700,000 people, extendiug from tho Missouri river to Colorado, and from Nebraska to Oklahoma, tbero is not a place where the thirsty or hilarious wayfarer can enter, and, laying down a coin, demand his glass of beer. This does not imply that absolute drought prevails e very where, or th at "kocmI irrigation" has entirely dinappeared. ' In the few localities where public opinion doen not sustain the law it is habitually and. flagrantly disregarded, and tho appetite, that crayes indulgence is gratified at the sacrifice of those moral restraints which, are the barriers and safeguards of society. Sales for the specified purposes are confined to druggists, who are hedged about) with tho stringent provisions of the "pharmacy act," the penalties for the violation of which are ingeniously rigid, and have not been exceeded for severity since tho code of Draco. Physicians' prescriptions, affidavits and signatures for the identification of the purchaser and specification of the diseaso for which he needs tho pernicious fluid are required, and evasions are punished with lino, forfeituro and imprisonment. Tho salo of bitters, elixirs and other concoctions containing alcohol has undoubtedly increased. Malaria, indigestion and other disorders have developed in localities previously considered salubrious, and there is probably no town of 1,000 inhabitants when a bibulous, but discreet, iuqnircr, if properly vouched for. cannot find at his hoteL

or the club, or in the cellar of a friend, a bottle of beer or a flask of whiskv. But tho habit of drinking is dying out. Temptation being removed from the young and the iniirm, they have been f ortilied and redeemed. The liquor-eeller, peing proscribed." is au outlaw and his vocation is disreputable. Drinking, being stigmatized, is out of fash- : .1 . 1 a : : . 1 juu, auu mi' uiusuiujhiuuui juio.icauis uas enormously decreased. Intelligent and conservative observers estimate the reduction at IX) per cent.; it cannot bo less than 75. The increase iu the number of internal revenue stamps sold by tho collector front year to year is explained by the factthab they aro required by all druggists, and many of them are repetitious and renewals for short terms. The placeswhere liquors are 6old, legally and illegally, have been reduced from one for every 074 of tho entiro population in 1S&0. to one for everv 2.220 in. 18SS. Since tho adoption of the amendment four general elections have been held, ami at each of them the people hsve repeated their adhesion to the principle by the election of Legislatures pledged to prohibition. The result is generally accepted as an accomplished fact. Hostility has practically beu subdued. Prohibitionprohibits. Tho) prediction of its opponents has not been verified; immigration has not been repelled, nor has capital been diverted from tho State. The period has boon one of unexampled growth and development. Whether post hoc or propter hoc," coincidence or cause, is not material. The evils prophesied have not come to pass. One of the most significant and extraordU nary results is the diminution of crime in the State. At the January term of the district court of the county in which the capital is situated, there was not a single criminal cause on the docket. Many city and county prisons were without a tenant. Tho number and percentage of tho convicts in the State penitentiary havo been remarkably diminished. Upon Jan. 1, 1870, the prisoners, not including those of tho United States, numbered 21S, or one for every 1.C71 inhabitants; at the same date in 1S75 they numbered 435. or one to every 1.214 inhabitants. In 18S) the number was CSi, or one to every 1,573 inhabitants; in 18S. it was C73, or 01m to every 1,85 inhabitants; 011 Jan. 1, 18S9, it was 861, or one to every 1J21 inhabitants. On Jan. 1, 18S7, there were 8l'. State prisoners in the penitentiary; on Jan. 1, 18S8, there were 8US, and in the following year there was a reduction of 37 in number; although the population of the State had largely increased. In the various prisons throughout' the United States about 00.000 criminals aro serving sentences for felonies, being about one prisoner for every 1,000 inhabitants; the same ratio in Kansas would give a total of 1,651, which is 50 per cent, more than tho number actually confined. In tho United States at large there is one pauper to r0 inhabitants; carefully compiled statistics bliow that Kansas 'has but one to about) l,o00 of its population. The prognostications of disaster 60 freely expressed at the outset have Ml been negatived. Local disturbances were inevitable, but in most instances the readjustment haf already occurred. The gain in population sinco ISoO has not been less than 700,000. This has been distributed, partially among the cities and towns, but more largely over an area previously not inhab. ited, comprising not less than one-fourth of the surface of the State. The amount of agricultural products and live stock, the assessed value of property, the mileage of railroads, the number of cultivated farms, of newspapers, of school -ho uses, of churches, have proportionately increased, making the history of the colonization of Kansas a marvel. One of the lessons of experience seems to be that it is a mistake to wage war equally against moderate drinkers aud confirmed urunKarus. luerema. possiouuy mat tne same category. Legislation that interferes with the moral activity and personal responsibility of man is defective. So lolig as the cizizon does not injure himself or others, any just system of government will let him alone The State has powerand it i9 its dutv to enact lawsfor the protection of life and health, and to guard atrainst vice and immorality, but unless thev are sustained by an intelligent and enlightened public opinion they binder rather than promote the cause of human progress. : : The American peoplo have determined to secure the most thorough restriction of tho liquor traffic consistent with the preservation of that personal liberty which our institutions were establisiied to protect and maintain. In the last three years the prohibition policy has been rejected nine times by as many different States in the Union, but this does not prove that it will not ultimately be adopted as the organic law of the Nation. . High license has been in force in hnglaud for several hundred years. Tho abuses became so great that in 1' the House of Lords appointed a nelect committee to inquire whether the systcmhad been ellectivo in diminishing drunkenness, and whether reform conld best le secured by amendments or by a radical change. To tho first proposition tho answer was m the negative; to the second they replied by vagm-ly recommending certain experiments, none of which they approved. Observation of tho results of license, both in this country and iu Great Britain, Jeads irresistibly to tho conclusion that it is not successful ai a mehns of overcoming the evils of intemperance. Nothing cau b said in favorof the saloon, whether licensed or unlicensed. To raise revenue by authorizing the halo of that which debases and pauperizes tho reoplo is hoth unprolitaulo and immoral, and therefor indtrfeusibki Prohibition is riht in principle, but total prevention of tho uso of intoxicating liquors is obviously impossible so Ion '4 as they aro permitted to bo manufactured for any purpose. The real question, then. M which of two methods, both inelieetnal t prevent tho use, is the better lo prevent tho abas of alcokolivj diuiks and rtiiiev

man who takes a glass 01 wine at dinner may end in an asylum or tho gutter, hut it is an error to include both classes iiivba