Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 June 1889 — Page 4

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, FRIDAY, JUNE 28, 1889.

THE DAILY JOURNAL FRIDAY, JUNE 23, 1880. WASHINGTON OFFICE 313 Fourteenth St. P. 8. Heath. Correspondent. NEW YORK OFFICE 204 Temple Court, Corner BeeXman and Naasaa Street. Telephone Call. Bnlnrs 023c 233 1 Editorial Roans 242 TERMS OF SUIJSCKIPTION. DAILY. One year. dthont Fnnday.. ...flltt) Ont jrr. 1Ui Sunday 14 " Fix months, without Sunday 0.00 Six moatlm, with Suulay 7.00 Three mouth, without Sunday................... 00 Inree niontbef wiih bunday.. ......... ............ One month, without Sunday .. One month, with Sunday WKEKLT. Per year two Reduced Rates to Clubs. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents, or end subscriptions to THK JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, INDIASAPGUS, IND. THE IMilANAI'OLIS JOURNAL Can he found at the following places: lAJ2i DON American Exchngo in Europe, 449 Strand. PARIS American Exchange to Paris, 85 Boulevard" des Cajracmes. KEW YORK Gllaey House and Windsor Hotel. PHILADELPHIA A. pT XesaMe, J7 Lancaster avenue. CHICAGO Palmer Hoase. CINCINNATI -J. P. nawley A Co, 154 Vine street. LOUISVILLE C. T. Deerlng. northwest corner Third and Jefferson streets. ST. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot and Southern HoteL WASHINGTON, D. CBigj?s House and IfcMtt Ilouift. The Philadelphia Press is urging an advance iii the license fees of FennsylYania, coupled with the right of any county to utterly prohibit the traffio in intoxicants if tho voters desire. . , It shows that the present rates are not "high," being only $75 in townships, $150 in boroughs and $500 in cities. The world of progress and the world of fashion have joined issue at Newport, R. L, over the construction of an electric street railroad. Public convenience demands th3 road, but tho cottagers and fashionablo visitors are opposing it not only by talk but with money. The indications are that progress will win. The Atlanta Constitution says that the South ft not ready for compulsory education. Perhaps not, and yet the South has learned a good deal since April 15, 1SC1, under compulsion. It has been of a mild kind, for the most part, yet it has been compulsion all the same. Wo have large . hopes of the South under compulsory education, whether it is ready or not. Br a second decision the Supremo Court has effectually disposed of another partisan and unconstitutional act of tho last Legislature. It holds wholly void the act changing the duties and emoluments of tho Supremo Court Reporter, which was passed for the sole purpose of punishing a Republican official elected by the people. That Legislature was an awful example. President IIakkisox is an active member of the Republican party, and, as such, we take it, an honorary member of all Republican clubs. In his official capacity as President of the United States and of all the people, it would not be proper for him to become identified with a political club of any kind. His friends ought not to expect him to violate the proprieties of his positidn. Ex-Secuetaky Faiuchild made . a speech a few days, ago before the Free-trado Club of New York, in which ho said many milk are closing since tho presidential election, all owing to the want of tariff reform or the promise of it, and tho Charleston News and Courier says that is so, forgetful of tho fact, to which it referred only a few days previous, that, owing to the tariff, manufactories were springing up in the South to the damage of Northern manufacturers.

The anti-option law just passed in Missouri anil approved by tho Governor, turns out to bo very sweeping in its provisions. It was framed to destroy bucket-shops, but it appears that it kills the big as well as tho little gamblers. The real estate broker, the grain broker and the stock broker are jointly nanied. Unless it can be set aside as unconstitutional, very disastrous effects upon St. Louis aro predicted, as there must be a large shrinkage in the volume of business if this law is enforced. The Charleston News and Courier, referring to tho Journal's late exhortation to Republicans to bo diligent and do their duty so that tho Republican majority in Congress be increased, not diminished, says that tho worst of the exhibit we made oi; small pluralities is that the Democratic control of the House was lost by tho election of three Republicans from St. Louis owing to the dereliction of Democratic voters. We would ask our Courier-Journal neighbor if this was not a clear case of political Providence, after ail? During tho last campaign considerable energy and some legal ingenuity were expended by the Prohibitionists in trying to prove that a license is a permit, and, therefore, a contract, between the State and the saloon-keeper. There never was any legal ground for this position, but the late decision of the Supreme Court in tho case of the State ex rel. Kelley vs. Ronnell, treasurer, etc., effectually disposes of tho matter. The court says distinctly that a license is not a contract, as the Prohibitionists claimed, but that it is "a restrictive special tax, imposed for tho public good." In future campaigns the advocates of high license will not have to meet the argument that a license law makes the State a partner in the liquor business. The Associated Pre&s informs us that . the State of Michigan has taken in hand ' the question of arbitration between employers and employes, and the Governor is to appoint a board of three to settle disputes relating to wages. Tho details of the law are not given further than that employers aro to be compelled to exhibit their books and show their receipts and expenditures and their profits or losses. Whether or not this includes the farmer, and requires him to show how much ho makes or loses on tho

year's transactions, or the blacksmith at the cross-roads, or just how many workmen he must employ beforo the State' has a right to interrogate him under oath as to his business, is not stated. We shall study the provisions of the law and watch its workings with interest. We shall study with special care the machinery which compels employes to work at low wages at the command of the arbitrators, or the employer to pay high wages at the same command.

OHIO EZPUBLI01NS. If there is any factional trouble among Ohio Republicans, or any disaffection in the party there, it did not appear in the convention that renominated Governor Foraker. A better-tempered, more earnest and more enthusiasticfftepublican convention never was. Although the nomination for Governor was preceded by a spirited contest, there was not the slightest evidence of political or personal bitterness, and when Foraker'a nomination was 6een to be inevitable all interests united in making it emphatic and harmonious. The manner of the nomination, as well as the nomination itself, presages an old-fashioned Republican victory in Ohio next fall. The convention's indorsement of the national administration and the President was hearty and emphatic. The second resolution in the platform declared that "we heartily approve and indorse the administration of Benjamin garrison, President of the United States, and pledge him our cordial support in the discharge of the duties devolving upon him as chief magistrate of the Nation." The resolution was adopted unanimously. Governor Foraker in' his speech accepting the nomination said: "In the White House there presides a brave, clear-headed, self-possessed, patriotic, Christian gentleSnan the highest type and representative of the very best American citizenship." This reference was interrupted and followed by loud cheering. This incident, as well as the more formal indorsement in the platform, showed that Ohio Republicans are fully satisfied with tho boginning of President Harrison's administration. General Grosvenor said in his speech: "Never before in an off year, -a year following a presidential election, have I seen tho omens of victory everywhere in the faces of Republicans which I have seen hero during the past few days." There is every reason to believe the omens will be fulfilled. LABOR STRIKES IN IQRMJEB TIMES. Because there were no minors' strikes in Indiana before the coalmines were opened, it must not be supposedthat the good old Democratic tariff-for-revenue-only times were entirely' free from strikes and labor troubles. There were not many wage-workers in those days, and their wages were small; nevertheless labor troubles did sometimes occur, and even strikes were not entirely unknown. As long ago as 1803, during the first presidency of Thomas Jefferson, there occurred in New York what was known as tho "sailors' strike." The sailors had been getting $10 a month, and they struck for an increase to $14. They did not get it. On tho contrary, when they turned out and marched around town they were attacked and-dispersed by the constables, who arrested the leader and put him in jail. In tho good old Democratic times no mercy was shown strikers. The journeymen shoemakers of New York and Philadelphia, who struck for higher wages in 1805 and again in 1809, were in both cases prosecuted for conspiracy and convicted. In 1823 the hatters of New York struck, and were treated the same way. In those times twelve hours was a day's work. The ten-hour movement was just beginning, and every now and then work men struck for a reduction of hours. They were generally ar rested and prosecuted. Some of the rulings and decisions of the judges of those days were very severe, but no more 6o than tho temper of. tho times. In July, 18o5, five hundred mechanics of Boston struck for ten hours, and at the end of two weeks went to work again at the old hours. About the same time the stone-masons of New York city struck for an increase of wages to $2 a day. What would the stone-masons of this, or anv other American citv. think if thev were asked to work for $2 a day now? They would bo apt to strike the man who asked them. But those wero the good old Democratic times. In June, 1805, the. City Council of Philadelphia passed a resolution fixing a day's work for laborers employed by tho city at twelve tours, "allowing one hour for breakfast and one hour for dinner," and raised the wages from 87 1-2 cents to $1 a day. Saint Andrew Jackson was President at that time. During the same year tho working women, consisting of tailoresses, seamstresses, binders, fold ers, milliners, corset-makers, etc., struck for an increase of wages to $3 a week. In June, 1837, the railroad workmen in Pennsylvania struck for an increase of wages from $1 to $1.12 1-2 a day. in icho the nou-carriers in Philadelphia struck for an advance from $1 a day to $1.25. In August, 1848, the Pennsylvania coal-miners struck against a proposed reduction of wages, which were then 56 cents a ton. They finally returned to work at 49 cents. There was not much demand for coal in the good old Democratic days. That was during the administration of James K. Polk. In 1853, during the administration of Franklin Pierce, the factory hands in Massachusetts struck for an increase of wages to $1.10 per day, and tho carpen ters of Philadelphia struck for an increase to $1.75 a day. So it went on year after year. The examples cited are enough to reveal something of the condition of labor in the good old Democratic times. Workingmen struck then for wages which they would not begin to think of accepting now, and the strikes were rarely suc cessful. Eleven and twelve hours were a day's work, and $1 to $1.25 a day was big wages. Not until the Republican party came into power, and the protect ive tariff system was firmly established, was there a steady, demand for skilled labor at good wages. Since then there has been an advance in wagea all along the line.

At the lowest wages now offered a coal miner can make twice as much as ho

could at tho best wages paid in the good old Democratic times. Skilled and unskilled labor earns from 50 to 100 per cent, more now than it did then, while nearly all the comforts and necessaries of life are cheaper. Yet the same old Democratic party is advocating the same old policy of free trade and denouncing protection as injurious to labor. The vote for the prohibition amend ment in Pennsylvania last week was 209,095. This is said not to represent the prohibition sentiment of the State by several thousand, as it is understood that many who are avowed Prohibition ists, doubting the wisdom of incorporating a legislative act into tho Constitution, voted against the amendment. The lowest estimate of the aggregate Prohibition vote of .the St,ate is 000,000, or about three-soveriths of the voters of the State. It will be seen that Pennsylvania alone contains more Prohibitionists than the Prohibition party numbers in the entire United States, not to mention the hundreds of thousands who believe in high license and stringent legislation. A saloon-keeper who defiantly vio lated the Sunday law in Cincinnati has been found guilty by. a jury, the first case of the kind in many years. The attorney for the defense was stopped by the court in the midst of his argument when saying that if the jury, or any of them, regarded the law odious they might bring in a verdict of acquittal. The jury was out only ten minutes. . ' ' The following is from the Clay Coun ty Enterprise of June 26: The Indianapolis Journal and Terre naute Express have been right all the time in . regard to the mining troubles in Ulay county. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: Please clve the present Status of the Cherokee outlet, Indian Territory, and what is required fcerore the land will te open to homesteaders. UITV, June 'J7. INQUIRER. The physical status of the Cherokee out let is a strip of country lying directly north of Oklahoma, between the latter and Kan sas, and containing about 7,000,000 acres. Tho legal status is that a commission has been appointed to negotiate for the opening of the strip to settlement, of which due notice will be given by proclamation of the President, as in the case of Oklahoma. ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. U. S. Grant is leader of a band at Dallas, Ore. A silver coffin-plate, stolen in 1SC2 from the desecrated grave of Lord Botetourt, at Williamsburg, Va., was restored to William and Mary College tho other day. It had been bought for old silver by a jeweler of Rome, N. V. If a Chinaman desires the death of an enemy ho goes and hangs himself upon that enemy's door. It is considered a sure wray to kill not only that particular enemy, but members of his entire family will be in jeopardy of losing their lives. Tun Bishop of London, according to the London correspondent of a Scotch paper. has fallen into a condition of irritability which renders access to him both diflicul't and unpleasant. Doctor Temple is said to drink strong tea in quantities that would have startled even Doctor Johnson. Ex-Consul-general Waller, who has just returned to this country from Eng land, says that Mr. Gladstone ia the most eloquent orator in the world,' ChaunceM. Depew alone excepted. "I don't believe," he 6Ays with enthusiasm, "that tho like of our Ohauncev exists anywhere on this arth." Speaking of aids to oratory. Sir Morell Mackeuzie has a fling alike at Mr. Gladstone's egg and sherry and the Iron Chancellor's brandy and seltzer. "The supposed i . . . i i miraculous vimiesoi xne mysterious possets and draughts on which 6ome orators pin their faith exist," ho says, "mainly in me imagination oi inose wno use mem." When a Chinaman meets another he shakes and squeezes his own hands and covers his head. If great friends had not seen each other for a long time they would rub shoulders until they got tired. Instead of asking each others health they would say: "How is your stomach!" or "Have you eaten your rice!" "How old are your" "How much did yon pay for your sandals!'7 The late Mrs. Hayes was a tall, wellformed womau, with black hair, which she wore smoothly combed back over the ears, and large gray eyes which 'would grow oiacK wun excitement. one was ionu oi dress, but dressed quietly and well. She liked music and had some talent as a singer. Mrs. Hayes was domestic in her tastes, and in the summer months could be seen working in her garden or driving out with her children. The Rev. Phoebe Hanaford, who is now pastor of the Church of the Holy Spirit, in New Haven, Conn., although nearly sixtysix years of age, has the elastic step of a girl of twenty, and all of her enthusiasm. She has dark, wavy hair, dark eyes and well-cut features. Mrs. Hanaford began reaching in 18C6. and has been hard at work ever since. Thousands of people aro said to owe their conversion to her persua sive eloquence. The German empire does not pay its high employes on an extravagant scale. Prince Bismarck receives 13,500 a year and a resi dence. The Foreign Secretary gets $12,500, including free quarters; tho State Secre tary. $9,000. including ireo quarters; the State Secretary of the Imperial Court of Justice, 0,000 and a house; the State Secretary of the Imperial Treasury, $5,000 and a house: tho State Postmaster-general. SO.000 and a house; the Minister of War, $9,000 with a house, fuel, and rations for eight horses: the Chief of the Admiralty, $9,000 withahonse. ... When Rev. Dr. John Hall was aboard the steamer bound for Europe last Satur day he did not look like a man of sixty, who has been engaged in preaching for forty years. He was hale and hearty, full of energy, and in prime spirits. He has probably the largest income of any clergyman in the United States, for besides his salary of 15,000 and a free house, lie is the recipient of fees, gifts and bequests from hiswealthyparishionersth.it amount to a handsome sum every jear. . He has been nastor of the Fifth-avenne Presbyterian Church, New York, since 1867, and is an Irishman from county Armagh. The Federation of Labor has, within tho past two years, gained enormously in strength, and is now probably the most powerful organization of workingmen in the United States, with a larger member ship than the Knights of Labor. Its presi dent is Mr. Samuel Gomners, a cigarmaker of about forty-five years of age, who xnav be seen daily" at the national head quarters of the federation in Clinton place, New York. He is a quiet and courteous man of business habits, who has not yet broken down under his heavy daily mail and the trying duties of his otlice. His face and figure beara strikinc resemblance to those of General Phil Sheridan in his prime. A Hartford lady tells a story of an an cestor of hers, a direct descendant of John Eliot, the great missionary. This ancestor was a woman, tho head of a family in New Haven, and about the year 17C5 she ordered a lot of nails from Uoston. The kegs came in due time, and when they wero opened one of them was found to be filled with Spanish dollars. She wiote to the Uoston merchant, telling him of the contents of ono of the kegs. He answered that he had bought it for nails and had no further reBhouaibility in tho mutter. The. money was

kept among thefamily treasures, untouched

and unclaimed, until the death of the head of the house, who, in her will, ordered that the dollars be melted and cast into a com munion set for the New Haven church. This was done. COMMENT AND OPINION. An Inner na tVia law ifand a a it. i If. should be obeveri. If it he wrntitr. it. shnnld be changed; but to cavil at the punishment it inflicts is in part to undo the good and to break down the restraint whicn the law is intended to accomnlish. Philadelnhia Record. ' It is written that a man cannot serve two masters, but not that a master cannot nave two servants. The railroads of this country are stupendous corporations, but tneyaretne servants of the people all the same, and not their masters. Chicago In ter Ocean, the protection system destroyed, hut enough of them may be deceived into sup nnrt, n f n. n-irtv xvlinA nnmnta ia its struction to secure that undesirable end. They were misled in 1SS4. Are we to let tho work of the free-traders go on until it is too late to combat it Philadelphia Inquirer. NEITHER thoennnmrrenncortinn of mein to violate th 1 the driving of a coach and four through lUD iucsucs ui careiess Biar me is an occupation which ought to be considered respectable: and the fact that an exceedingly profitable notoriety may be achieved in turn muuuer uuus nob mane 11 so, vnougn it often seems to.New York Trihune. Til K Patriotic Snna nf Amprira ia faYi ioned a little too much after the old Knowrtothing movement to have any long existence. It may even be doubted if there is an excuse for its existence. Neither these Patriotic Sons nor the Clan-na-Gael are in keeping with the spirit of the United Stat3. Which i that nf tVio lirnadaet anil fullest liberality. New York Graphic. TflERE IS a comical comfort, in hparintr the doctrine of na room fnr atrnncmra preached by the social economists of a nation irngianai whose own people have emigrated for industrial reasons to all parts of the world. When the conditions on which they have tilled other countries with their citizens are applied to themselves, they are the first to complain. Boston jieram. Gentlemen who are in nnblic life, and in whose ears the office-seekers and natron-age-dispensers make a great deal of loud noise, are. perhaps naturally, liable to lose signt.oi tne iact that the country at largo is determined to have civil-service reform, and that there are a million silent men, who don't want offices, in favor of it for every thousand howlers who oppose a fair test of the law. Now York Press. WllEX Tirohibition is tr n. Ttiin -rfA enforced in the rural districts and smaller towns in Iowa and Kansas it is a wretched failuro in the larger places. Experience has shown that it cannot heentorcedin hostile communities. Why. then, should such places not be permitted to defend and protect themselves by high license taxation? "Vlien Timhihition in ininnaeihln wliv should there not be regulation and restrictionf Chicago Tribune. The State Press. The temnerauce anestion must be mora pronounced than itis before Democrats will 'get together." Ihev might possibly bo made to unite indelense of the saloon, but for 110 other reason. Winchester Herald. It did not reouiie the Samoan commission long to settle tho little dispute between America and Germany. Had Cleveland .1 1, 1 - ' 1 7 1 r j-i una nuyaru vemuiueu in cnarge 01 auairs thej would have been nionkevin' over the matter yet. Delphi Journal. Tun last very loud smclline Legislature fixed it nice for abscondiug township trustees and their bondsmen, by making a law providing that their embezzlements be made good out of the State treasury. It is pre-eminently characteristic of modern Democracy to rob thepeopie. North Vernon Plain Dealer. While it is true that unemnloved miners in this county have been and are now in somewhat needy circumstances, it is nevertheless true that a number of political demagogues and tricksters are taking ad vantage of tho circumstances glowing out of the strike for tho purpose of manufactur ing a little cheap buncombe to oe used tor arty purposes. Away with such clap-trap ilo Clay City. Reporter. Two things the politicians are non plused about: Harrison is honest in his civil-service professions and his belief that, all things being equal, a soldier should be preferred in appointments. Whatever may bo the varying opinions on these matters, the politicians will save themselves some irritation and some mis takes if they recognize that Harrison's talk on them was not buncombe, but the words that "go." If Congress wants these two laws repealed, it must repeal them and not expect to get around them through the President. L.awrenceburg Press. Just now tho Indianapolis Sentinel is fulsome in its liattery of the Supreme JAl . A Lourt because oi tue aecision maue against Governor Hovey in the matter of appointing trustees of the benevolent institutions. A few weeks ago no paper could get lower in the filth than was the Indianapolis Sentinel in its abuse of this same court, because its rulings were not to that paper's liking. It will doubtless recover from its spasm of virtue should the court in the future rule adversely to its way of thinking, and will be able to "damn their cowardly sonls" with all its old-time elegance of diction. Fort Wayne Gazette. nOW THEY LOVE WORKINGMEN! Democrats Pay 00 Cents a Day to Italians in Preference to Employing Americans. Fort Wayne Gazette. The free-trade Democratic organs hare continually been telling the people tfcAt protection makes no difference in tho wages of the laboring man, and that by the system they are being daily robbed of their subsistence. They have themselves, however, presented a striking example of the falsity of their claims in their action ou the proposed monument to be erected in tliis State to tho memory of tho late Vicc-presideut Hendricks. An exchaugo says: "Judge Holman, of Indiana, president of the Hendricks Monument Association, informs us that ground will soon bo broken for the foundation of the monument. The valuation of the monument, wero it all executed in this country, would be over 60.000. but under the customs laws of the United States the work of all American artists abroad is received free of dntv, and the work on the granite portion of tho structure is being produced for IX) cents per day in Italy, which in the United States would cost from $3.50 to $5 per day." Is auy thing more needed thoroughly to clinch the argumentt For the labor in the United Mates, stone-cutters would receive from f 3.50 to $5 per day, yet these Democratic leaders, who are continually bewailing the hardships of the "workingmen of America," place their work in Italy where it costs them only 90 cents per day! It is in order for this class to rise ni and explain why the labor of Italy is paid so much less than in the United States. REPUBLICAN RULE IN OHIO. The Change Drought About Since the Democracy Wm Seut to the Rear. Governor Foraker's Speech, Accepting Nomination. It can be 6aid boldly, without the fear of successful contradiction, or even criticism, that the good name, tho credit, the character, financial and moral, of Ohio, were never bo low, never so much abused, never so degraded, as at the close, and as a result of tho late Democratic State administration. (Cheers.) It can be said witn equal boldness and truthfulness, that in all these particulars Ohio never stood higher than she does at the present moment. As your chairman said here yesterday, in his eloquent speech, at that time our treasury was bankrupt. I cau suy to you now, and say it with much pleasure and pride, that every fund represented in the Treasury of Ohio will have at the end of this year a surplus to its credit. ITremendous applause. At that time the rate of taxation was advancing; we go into this contest with the lowest rate of taxation for the farmers and other property-holders and tax-payers of the State of Ohio to bear that lias been known in Ohio since that j'ear of blessed memory IS40. Cheers. At the close of and during that administration elections in the great cities of Ohio were but shameful frauds and farcical crimes. To-day thev are of the most honest, most peaceful and most satisfactory character. At that time tho liquor traffic in Ohio was absolutely untrammeled. and the great, perplexing, unsolved problem of the hour was as to how we were to deal with it. To-day it is fiubjeotcd to tho wibest measures of re

striction and regulation that have been enacted in any State in this country. At that time the management of the Ohio penitentiary was disgraceful to a degree that was absolutely startling. To-tlav it is so exceptionally good in every particular as to havo elicited from a Democratic official, the United States Prison Inspector, the encomium: "The best in the United States." (Cheers-j At that time the benevolent institutions of the State, as to cost of maintenance and practical good results, stood far behind those of a number of other States of the Union. To-dav the benevolent institutions of the State of Ohio, as to maintenance and practical good results, not only stand far ahead of those of every other State, but of every institution of the kind in the wholo known world. iGreat applause. And so it is that I might po along the whole line to find the same striking contrast wheresoever I might institute comparison. You know yourselves what the difference is. Why. then you did not dare to take np a newspaper for fear your cheeks would be made to mantle with shame because of some disgraceful thing you would read of Ohio the Payne election, the Cincinnati court-house fire and riot, tho bankruptcy of the treasury, and so on. A man living in Ohio was ashamed to tell where he was from when ne went abroad, lint to-day how changed it is. What Democrat even, when he is away from home and has proper occasion to annonnce it, does not announce, with his cheeks mantling with pride, that he hails from Ohio! Therefore, it is, my fellow-citizens, that I say, after all, the gravest and most responsible question presented to us, is whether we will continue to control our State affairs upon this high, creditable and honorable plane we have reached, or whether we shall return to that from which we have so happily escaped? unjust citrncisii: ;

SiUj Attempts to BeUttle Vrj. President for rouucai jrurposM Washington Post.- ; The criticisms which anti-administration papers are making, because President Harrison has spent several Sundays on Mr. Wanamakers yacht, are the silliest and weakest attempts ever made to belittle a man for political purposes. -The men who write such articles, who distort a simple, natural, and necessary day of rest into a denial of consistent .piety, neither believe what they say nor would uare acknowledge such narrowness of judgment as individuals. A man, whether he be President of the United States or a breaker of stones on the road, whether he is a Presbyterian or a heathen, is only a human machine, with a limited capability of endurance. The presidential office exacts an incessant mental and physical strain that is not fully appreciated outside of tho official and social life of Washington.- The President for six days in the week is the servant of the people and a slave to the office, and on the seventh day he should be permitted to take his rest and recreation; his physical, mental and spiritual refreshment, according to his conscience and his needs, as estimated by himself. The President has set an example of personal liberty that will hasten the downfall of arbitrary Sunday bondage, and will encourage all others who toil and are weary to seek natural and pleasurablo relaxation on the Sabbath day. His interpretation of "keeping the Sabbath" is in complete sympathy with the best minds of the best men. It stamps him a liberal as well as a conscientious man. Perfunctory church-going, big dinners and a dull afteruiath are no longer synonymous with Sabbath keeping and spiritual refreshment. The progressive, growing. Christian is beginning to comprehend that compulsory conversions aro a failure; that unwilling acceptance of conventional rules is not calculated to awaken piety in men, and that moral regeneration cannot be accomplished in the face of physical nor mental lassitude. Physical toil demands physical relaxation; mental toil demands mental rest. In short, rest is variety, unlikeness, and it excludes either enforced mental or phvsical action. What is rest and refreshment to one, would be stupid or disagreeable to another. The ideal Sabbath of a day laborer may include, no loftier desire than a day of sheer repose, and an hour under the trees - with his pipe and Sunday newspaper. It is a day which includes a bath, perhaps, a better dinner,' but most of all, the needed rest to bones and muscles aching with long hours of toil. To those who are more closely confined in shops and offices there comes a craving for the freedom of wood and river, the desire to walk, to drive, or to sail on the breezy ocean. To fashionable people, men anil women surfeited with pleasure and wearied with amusements, the dim, quiet church, the soothing sermon and the gentle influence of the place are rest and recreation,- hence to them most highly beneficial. "Tho Sabbath was made for man," we havo n the highest authority, and when that fact is made clear through the interpretation of intelligent Christians, no man need fear that the churches will be closed or that Sabbath desecration will result EQUAL, TO THE NATION'S DEBT. Enormous Cost of the Grand Army of Traveling Salesmen. Philadelphia "Record. "The money used in a single year to foot the salary and expense bills of the traveling salesmen of the United States would pav ott the entire national debt, and leave a few dollars over." This rather startling statement was made by a junior member of one of the largo dry goods houses of this city, who has a force of about fifty travelers under his immediate charge. As proof of his assertion he f (resented these "particulars: "There is lardly a wholesale, jobbing or commission house in any line of business in the United States that does not have atr least a single traveling representative, and from one lone man the traveling force ranges up as high as 125 or 150 men, and there may be one or two bouses with even more. The average of the most reliable estimates places the total number of commercial tourists in this country at 250.000; and, mind you, this does not mean peddlers, but only those who sell goods at wholesale. "The railroad fares, charges for.carrying sample baggage by freight or express, hotel bills and numerous incidental traveling ex penses of these men will range between $4 and 12 per day, but some men will 6pend 25 in a single day for these purposes without resorting to any extravagance. Take, for instance, some of the carpet, clothing or f ancv goods men who carry ten to fifteen trunks full of samples, take a packer with them and hire a hotel parlor to display their foods whenever they open their trunks. Jut the number of these men is comparatively small, and 6 a day will fairly represent the average expenses of the 250.000 men. There you have $1,500,000 per day for expenses alone. Multiply this by 805, and you have $547,500,000 as the amount expended in one year. . '. "The item of salaries is .nearly-as large. Few men are paid less tnah" per year. The largest number receive between 1,500 and $2,500, either in salaries or commissions. A lesser number are paid' from " $3,000 to $5,000 those receiving the latter amount being comparatively few 'But there are traveling salesmen who are always in demand at 10,000 to 15,000 a year; but they are few and far between. The lower salaried men predominate, as might be supposed, and an average of $1,800 per year is not far out of the way. Figuring 250,000 men at an average salary of $l;800 per year gives a total of &VJ.0O0.GOO. ; according to my arithmetic. To this add $547,500,000 for. expenses, ana you nave Wi,ow,ww ior meso two items. "But there are other items to h charged against the salesmen's account. It is mi-, possible to give any accurate estimate of the cost of trunks, samples and other requisites of the traveling men, but the items as we figure them in our store will give something to judge from. Our fifty men require 150 trunks, costing $8 each, or fl.VOO. These men require two sets of samples yearlv one in the spring and one in the fall. The cost of these two sets of samples is about 81,000 per man. Of this '$50,000 wdrth of goods which are required for samples every year, a considerable portion is lost, while most of it is so soiled and damaged bv constant handling that it has to be sold at a heavy reduction from the actual costt or else given away. To cover this depreciation we make an allowance of SS per cent, upon the cost of the samples, or about 17,000per3'ear. Trunks do not need renewing every year, but repairs and replacing lost ones form qnite an item of expense. From these tigures'it is evident that tho similar expenses of greater or lesser amount borne by eery wholesale house will swell the salary aim traveling expense item of $W7,500,060 far beyond $1,000,000,000 per year. The Start In the Flag. New York Tribune. On Jnly 4 an incident of no little interest, and one not likely to be soon duplicated, will take place in our navy. The lias with

thirty-eight stars, which has waved for thirteen years, will b replaced, by Secretary Tracy's orders, with the new flag with forty-two stars on its field of blue. The arrangement of stars on the new Hag will consist of six rows of seven stars each.- It is to be noted that such a rectangular disposition of them will not be possible again until there are forty-eight States in the Union: and when there are forty-nine tho stars will form a perfect square.

THE iti: sins. HATES. Gen. Lew Wallace Pays Tribute to Her Womanly C races and Virtues. Washington Special to Chicago Inter Ocf-aa. General Lew Wallace to-day, when your correspondent called upon him. paid a tender tribute to Mrs. Hayes, his dead friend, sketching her nobility of character with the 6trong yet delicate touches to be expected from the author of 'llen-Ilur." "I knew her well, our friendship extending through many years. I met her at various times and places, at the White House when 6he was mistress there, and at meetings of the Loyal Legion, the Coinmandcry of Ohio particularly. Like everybody ele who knew her, I was one of her great admirers. She had Probably as many admirable qualities as belong to women, luitointof fact, 6he has been an example for. women for a great many years, and as" everybody knows, while bhewas in the White House tho whole Natian almost were her admirers. But in my opinion her life after she retired from the White House was in every respect as admirable as at any other time. I thiuk Mrs. Hayes will live in the estimation of the American people as ono of many who deserve to be mentioned in history on account of their excellences and able qualities. She was a good Christian woman. She allowed no duty to pass her, and when an occasion presented itself in which she thought she could do good she never avoided it. While she lid not seek notoriety, yet the very virtues and qualities of. tho woman gave her a certain and most enviable notoriety, a notoriety which docs not detract from female character, but rather adds to.it, and is certainly fairly within the lines of ambition for every woman in America and elsewhere. 1 know that exPresident Hayes was devoted to her. I know that heriosswillbe an exceeding great sorrow to him, and on account of it he will receive the sympathy of every genuine American gentleman within the land. She was about the last woman X. should expect . to be called iu that wav, and when you consider how healthy, hearty and whole she was, how full of life and spirits, her taking off is amazing. And this very surprise luaes the sorrow the keener, the more poignant. It could not possibly Jiave been expected. She was just as good, as excellent as a wife and mot her as sho could have) been in any public capacity, just as admirable, just as lovable. The White House full length portrait of her is a good picture. It does herlustice, an fdrairable likeness of her, and 6hows her at her -best, her height. And in all she did she was so true to her husband during that great crisis? his contest with Tilden. . She took no oilensive part. in it, but her. conduct throughout theafiair, while the contest was pending and also afterwards, is a noblo tribute to her. Tho question settled in her husband's behalf, then her whole manner and deportment wero so perfectly admirable that even his bitter enemies hare never been heard to utter a criticism against Mrs. Hayes, My own opin.on about it: is, whatever mav b said of Mr. Hayes while he was President, his life after hi retirement has been so dignified, so manly, that if there had been any doubt about it before that he is a man of superior character and honor, that all that good ef fect is in no little degree attributable to Mrs. Hayes. For if Mrs. Haves was his support while he was a candidate, for tlu presidency and while ho was President, she has been no less his support sinco his retirement. She. in other words, has mndit it possible for him to live this dignitied life of which I speak since his retirement from the presidency. I met Mrs. Hayes last at a meeting of the Ohio 'Comraandery of the Loyal Legion, and her robust health and cheerv sociability impressed themselves on all her friends. A noble womau has gone up higher." THE MOSES OF THE FLOOD. Little Baby Williams, Who Was Born at Johnstown. Philadelphia Inquirer. street. The home is in charge of Mrs. John Griffiths and her daughter. Mrs. Marter. The distinguished baby is Moses Flood wuuams, auu no was uorn on the nrst day of the Johnstown flood, under remarkable circumstances. "The street is crazy over the little thing," said Mrs. Griffiths, yesterday. "The market people on Nineteenth street offered me 100 to get Mrs. Williams to let the little one go to the market so they could exhibit it to the people. It's a little beauty." Mrs. Griniths's eyes sparkled asshespoko of her charge. She gave this account of the birth of tho baby, which is one of tho almost incredible incidents of the flood: When the flood struck Johnstown Mrs. Williams was confined to her bed. Her husband, who was in the employ of tho Cambria iron-works, had just come homo to change his dress, and was in the bedroom with his wife when the rush and shouting of "The dam's borsted! fly for your life," reached his ears. He realized what was coming, so grabbing his wife from the bed with only her night clothes on, and, pulling along his three children, they made their way to the roof, and had hardly got there when, with a swish and whirr, the house was torn from its foundations, and was washed away in tho flood. "It rolled and tossed," said Mrs. Williams to me. "struck up against other houses, toppled over, as if it would sink; then slashed up against trees, carrying them away by the roots. My husband had me around the waist with his right arm. while with the other he hung on to the chimney. The children were mad fast to his body l3' tearing ' up our night clothes into strips, and tho littlest ono ho tied to his neck. So we drifted and drifted. Sometimes we would come within almost touching distance of the shore on ths mountain side, and the next we would bo shot out into the swish and whirr of the. flood again. It was half-past 2, or thereabouts, tho next morning when we, wero flung, high and dry, on the mountain side. I was cold, half naked, and my children, pojr little bairns, they had' cried themselves to sleep, while my poor man looked as if his eyes were shooting out of; their5 T cannot tell you bow I felt. We managed to get ashore, and the only house wo could find standing had already fitty-two people in it. To that house 1 .was taken: I could not walk, and they had hardly put me on the floor of the house when I more than realized I was to become a mother. My old man asked if there was a physician present. Everybody said 'No.' While he was going among the crowd a tin roof wan washed up to the same 6pot. and a man and two women jumped ashore. Some one said, He is a physician.' My husband rushed to him, and sure enough ho was one. The caso was explained, to bini. My child was born, and I and all of us in that cottage got down on our knees and tlianked God for His merciful saving of mine and .the baby's life." Then the -poor thing, as sue torn me mis, wouia cry as ii iier uearw would break. !,Ye."intciTnoted tho daughter, "hut ; the best part of tho whole nfiair was the Daptism. jaecniiuwas uapnzca uy m Kev. Dr. Beale. and it was that part of it that was so funny. The minister suggested that it bo called Noahy but the father and mother objected and suggested they would like it called 'Moses,' for, as th father said, 'It was found in the bullrushes. So it was baptized Moses Flood William." "The child was born with only .the light from the wreck at the bridue." added Mrs. Griffiths." "For more than two days neither tho mother or the children had a morsel to eat, and they were all half naked. Out of the fifty-two people iu that houe there wero only two that could entirely cover their nake'duess. 1 1 was terrible." Value of Advertising. Philadelphia Inquirer. The man who thinks it does not ray to advertise should look into the facts a little more closely. Last week a settlement was made between two partners in a bakingpowder firm, and the retiring member drew out $2,000,000 as his share of tho property. This represented a total value of the plant of more than jnVW.ooo. Asido from the inherent value of the commodity, all this is the result of judicious new spaper atl ertismg. It has made many fortunes and will mako many more. r Why Foraker Is Popular. Bt. Loul Globe-Democrat. , Nobodv has ever taken loraker for a Democrat. This is one of the reasons why he is, so popular with the Kcpublicans.

An infant has been an honored guest cf the Children's Aid Society in this city, at the neat and nrettv home. No. 1725 Barkes