Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 June 1889 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, TUESDAY, JUNE 11, 1889.

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THE DAILY JOURNAL TUESDAY, JUNE 11, 1889.

WASHINGTON OFFICJE-513 Fourteenth St. P. S. Heath, Correspondent. NEW YORK OFFICK 204 Tempi Court, Comer Beekm&n acd X&ss&a Streets. Telephone Call. Business Office .238 Editorial Booms.. ...... 241 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DAILY. One year, without Fnnfiay 112.00 One jtxT, with Sunday 14 00 Fix month, without Sunday - 6.00 fltx months, with Sunday 7.00 Three months, without Handay S.00 Three month sf with Sunday ................. 3.50 One month, without Funday..... 1.00 One montn, wltn fcun&ay MO WKKKLY. Per year fl-00 Reduced Rates to Clubs. 8nbCTlb with any of our numerous ag ents, or end subscription to THE JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, IJTDLLSAP0L1S. IM. THE INDIAN ATOL1S JOURNAL Can he found at the following place: LONDON American exchange in Europe, 449 fctr&cd. PARIS American Exchange in Part, 35 Boulevard ces capuciae. NEW YORK Gllaey House and Windsor HoteL PHILADELPHIA A. pT Kemble, 173S Lancaaler avenue. CHICAGO Palmer House. CINCINNATI-J. P. Hawley A Co, 154 Vine street. LOUI3YIIXE-C. T. Peering, northwest corner Third and Jefferson streets. 8T. LOUIS Union New Company, Union Depot and Southern HoteL WASHINGTON, D. C BlgRt House and Ehbltt House. Relief for Johnstown. . The Journal's relief fund received handsome additions yesterday, and its total now exceeds $1,800, of which 81,400 has been forwarded. Towns throughout the State are sending in generous sums. The Journal will continue to receive and forward all moneys that may he intrusted to it. Following is a statement to date. Received June 3 $470.23 Received Jdne 4 4." 9. HO Recel red June 5 279.00 Recet ved June 0 47.50 Received June 7 100.00 Received June 8 206.75 Yesterdarfg Receipts. George Berg, Indianapolis $1.00 Rev. 8. T. GUletto, Indianapolis.. 5.00 Ira J. Chase Camp, No. 72. Sons j of Veterans, Danville, Ind 65.00 Wm. J. Wheeler, Indianapolis 5.00 Jame Gotten. Indianapolis 50 John M. Swain, Bloomington, Ind 2.00 The Christian Church. Flalnfleld, Ind 14.22 'Woman's Relief Corps, Westfield, Ind 5.00 Ladles' Aid Society, Westfield, Ind x. 5.00 Friends' Church, Westfield, Ind.. 12.09 Cash. Indianapolis 5.00 John Thomas, Indianapolis 25.00 Win. F. Keay, Indianapolis 5.00 Citizens of Carthage, Ind., and vicinity 82.00 Capital 6ty Gun Club 8.00 239.81 Total $1,803.11 June 4 Remitted to Wm. McCrary. Chairman relief fund. FittsDurg, Pa $300.00 June 5 Remitted as above.... 300.00 June 8 Remitted as above.... 300.001,400.00 Balance for next remittance $403.11 iNDiANAroLis's contributions to the Johnstown relief fund have reached $12,000, and may go considerably higher. Neither the Republican party nor tho city government can bo run as an annex of the saloon business. That kind of politics is played out. TnERE must bo no more "monkeying" with the saloon ordinance. It must bo promptly passed and honestly enforced or the people will know the reason why. TnE communication signed "Justice" presents some strong arguments and new authorities in support of Governor Hovey's position relative to the appointing power. Governor Hill has approved the law which provides that no one working for the State shall receive less than $3 per day. Now let tho State find work for all and all will be happy. The Chinamen of New York have contributed liberally to the Johnstown sufferers' fund in remembrance of the liberal aid, sent to their countrymen a few years ago on acconnt of the Hanan floods. Such disasters thus met make 1 the whole worid kin. The Connecticut Legislature passed . a bill, last week, which was to prevent . liqnor-sellers, or their agents, or em- ' ployes holding the office of registrar of voters. Tho Governor promptly vetoed it, because, tinder the Constitution, every elector is eligible to any office except as defined in the Constitution. A report prevails in Washington that the distributing reservoir in Georgetown is in a precarious condition, and liable to give way at any moment. The reservoir occupies high ground in the heart of the city, and if a break should occur the results might be terrible. There should be a thorough inspection of such works everywhere by competent engineers. Tite Interstate-commerce Commission has just rendered an important decision. It has decided that Canadian railroads carrying freight from any point in tho United States to any point in Canada, or through Canada to any point in the United States, come under the inters tatecommerco law. This was in tho case of the Michigan Central against the Grand Trunk, but cannot bo applied to tho Canada Pacific. The New York Sun is constantly sneering at Postmaster-general Wana maker because he sells merchandise by retail. Tho proprietor of tho Sun sells newspapers by retail, and is not ashamed of it. Moreover," though formerly Assistant Secretary of War, he deems himself a bigger citizen, now that lie is a retail merchant of newspapers, than ho was then, and other people think so, too. What is ho mad about, anyhow? It looks very much as if the oflicers of the law at Corydon, this State, might bo called on to prevent a lynching. Tho two men who attempted to murder farmer Lemay and his niece, near that town, a few nights ago, have been captured and taken to Corydon, where they now are in jail. They were captured in New Albany, and are both known as criminals. The feeling against them in and about Corydon is so intense that a popular outbreak seems immi nent. Tiiv. Xflw York Star flfom.l rails the tfew York World a hypocrite because tho

VTexld fiaj'tf that Gov. Hill veto of the

excise bills puts both the Governor and the Democratic party in the attitude of opposing any real restriction on tho liquor traffic. The Star says those bills were not restrictive. Perhaps not, but it will not facilitate Congressman Randall's scheme to "get together" to call names in that way. The Star says the, World knows better, but it will not tell the truth. mmmmmmmsssmmmmmmm THE MINERS' 8TRIKE. The citizens of Brazil object to exaggerated reports which represent that place as paralyzed from the effects of the miners' strike. They are right in so objecting. That thriving town may feel the effects of the strike, but it is far from paralyzed. The panicky and exaggerated reports relative to tho condition of affairs in tho mining regions do not como from Brazil, and while there is some foundation for them they are exaggerated and colored for a purpose. That there is some suffering among the families of. the striking miners is undoubtedly true, but it is equally certain that the situation has been exaggerated and misrepresented for a purpose. The Journal has contributed once to the relief of the striking miners, and will do so again if it becomes necessary, but it will not lend itself to wholesale misrepresentations on the subject calculated to deceive tho public and injure the mining communities. Whatever suffering there is in Clay county grows out of the miners' strike. In this regard it resembles any other strike, and differs materially from the Johnstown disaster, or any other great disaster by . flood or fire. Everybody knows there are always two sides to a strike, and in a majority of instances the matter in controversy could and should be adjusted without resorting to that forcible and arbitrary method. Strikes may sometimes be justifiable, but they are hardly ever wise. The tendency among all labor organizations, and especially among the more intelligent and cons ervative members of such organizations, is to avoid strikes and settle difficulties in some other way by arbitration, concession, conciliation, compromise or some method that does not involve open war between labor and

capital. It is a notorious fact that they are .often ordered by a management re mote from the scene of trouble, and without regard to the interests of those most deeply concerned. Thousands of men go into strikes against their better judgment, and under protest against orders which they do not approve, but cannot disobey. The tyranny of labor organiza tions over labor is far more absolute and galling than that of capital over labor. The real slavery of labor is that imposed by labor unions. The present strike in Clay county has been on since May 1. It is against a re duction of wages. In 1888 the operators paid 75 cents a ton for mining bituminous coal, and 00 cents a ton for block coal. The latter commands higher wages because the work is more difficult. This year they offered 70 cents for bituminous and 75 cents for block, claiming that owing to the introduction of natural gas and the disturbance of the coal market from that and other causes, they could not afford to pay more. The miners re fused to submit to this reduction, and offered to leave the matter to an arbitration committee consisting of two of their own number, two . operators and a fifth person, to be selected by these four. They agreed to accept as a finality tho decision of such a committee. This fair proposition was declined by the opera tors, who thereby lost a point and put themselves seemingly in the wrong. It is presumable, however, that they felt they had offered as much as they could possibly afford to pay, and wer6 unwilling to submit to an arbitration which might require them to pay more. In the last resort an employer must be the judge of what wages he can afford to pay. In this c ase the difference between the operators and miners was not great, and it is questionable whether the miners would not better have accepted tho reduction than to have struck. Half a loaf is better than no bread, and reduced wages are preferable to none. The bituminous coal miners did accept the re duction and resumed work. The block coal miners held out. It is not certain that tho operators could afford to pay more than they of fered. There is a limit to the wages an employer can pay, and there are times when a reduction is inevitable. Statistics of Illinois coal mining show that last year the miners received in wages 04 percent, of the total product of the mines and the operators 36 per cent., out of which they had to pay running expenses, interest, repairs, salaries, wages of other laborers than miners, etc. The conditions cannot be very different in this State. Miners who are getting in wages considerably more than one-half the gross product have not much causo to complain. The coal, market has been seriously disturbed by the introduction of natural gas and other cheap fuels. The consumption of coal has materially decreased. A Washington dispatch in yesterday's Journal said: The forthcoming report of the chief of the division of mining statistics and technology contains tho following in relation to natural gas: "The amount of natural pas consumed is given in coal displacement: that is, the amount of coal displaced bv tho use of natural gas. It is estimated tfiat the amount of coal displaced bv nat ural gas in the United States in li&8 was 14.1ts,ba0 tons, valued at ',WJ2,12S. Uf this amount 12.543,S:iO tons were displaced in Pennsylvania: 750.000 tons in Ohio, and 000,000 tous in Indiana." This important fact must bo taken in to account. We are on the eve of a revolution in regard to cheap fuel. Coaloil and manufactured gas will soon become rivals of natural gas. Coal will have to fight hard to hold its ground, and so will coal operators. In this con test the miners will have to take their chances. Everybody will wish them well, but they can hardly expect to continue to get the old wages. It will be useless to strike against natural gas and fuel-oil. Penii83lvania and Ohio have already yielded to tho inevitable, and Indiana will have to do so. Governor Hill approved the bill adopted by the New York Legislature wh'ch provides for returning penitentiarj convicts to labor, after severely

criticising it. His message, condensed,

reads about as follows: "This is a very vicious measure. It will give mortal of fense to that class of so-called workingmen who do not want anybody to work but themselves, but, as the real workiegmen of the country, who are tired of working to support criminals in idleness, demand it, I sign it. In short, I sign it because I am more afraid of these than of those, because there are more of them." It is impossible to compute the amount of injury which has been wrought in this country materially, morally, socially and politically by the importation of tens of thousands of laborers of the type of the brutish and degraded "Huns' who have caused decent people everywhere to blnsh ior inoir species Dy xucir Baianic conuuet in the Conemaugh valley. It is infamous tnat American worKinginen snouiu. uo forced to compete in the labor market with such wretches. bentmel. True enough; but these brutish and degraded Huns are no worse than the brutish and degraded Italian dagoes who were imported here, last summer, under a labor contract, and naturalized by scores to vote the Democratic ticket. They all belong to the same grade of cattle, and no man in this country has imported more of them than William L. Scott, the Pennsylvania coal baron, member of the Democratic national com mittee and late political boss for Grover Cleveland. After all, however, it is no worse to throw tho gates of Castle Gar den wide open to pauper immigration than it would be to throw down tho barriers to the importation of the products of pauper labor. The Republican party is opposed to both. It says keep the pauper laborer out of the country and the products of pauper labor also. It took Governor Beaver some time to realize the magnitude of the Johnstown disaster, and he has issued more procla mations than the occasion demanded, but his latest decision is right. It is the duty of the State of Pennsylvania to take entire charge and assume the expense of all sanitary and police work at Johnstown, including tho work of re moving the debris and restoring the site of the town. Outside contributions should go only to the relief of personal necessities and furnishing temporary aid to the sufferers. TnE case of the imported professors of the Catholic University at Washington is still causing trouble. The trustees have appealed from the Solicitor of the Treasury to the Attorney-general, but he cannot help them, as he is presumably bound by the decision of Judge Wallace, of the New York federal court, who said that every kind of industry, manual or intellectual, is included in the law. Evidently, this wa3 hardly in-' tended by tho law-makers, but such is the law as construed by tho court. Old Cassius M. Clay, of Kentucky, proves his stanch Americanism by advocating the extermination of tho English sparrow. In a letter to the Louisville Courier-Journal he says: The English sparrow Is granivorous, and, like aU granivoroug birds, eating insects only sparingly when pressed by hunger. Insectivorous and flesh-eating birds, as the crow, the blue-jay, the black bird, owls, hawks, etc.. are always lean in fleeh, whilst all the grain-eatera are fat when, well fed. The English sparrow is generally fat . the year round, aim u a delicious wrrt tor tae table. The restaurants of the city should understand this, and. aid in tho destruction of those pests. A new element of discord has boon thrust into the Democratic party by the persistent attacks of the New York Sun upon Chief-justice Fuller's mustachios, leading tho Philadelphia Inquirer to say: "If the Sun is really interested in getting the Democracy together, it behooves it to present seme platform that will make its antagonism to mustachios clear to several millions of patriotic and sincere young Democrats." The Journal takes no stock in the report that Lieutenant Schwatka has found a remnant of the ancient cliff-dwellers and mound-builders of Arizona and New Mexico. It is not sufficiently plausible to constitute a good hoax. No such remnant remains, ' TnE prisoners in the Eastern penitentiary of Pennsylvania have contributed of their small earnings $322 toward the Johnstown relief fund. . ABOUT PEOPLE AND THINGS. David Dudley Field, at ninety years of age, is a good sleeper, strong walker, hearty eater, vivacious talker and persistent smoker. Prince Ferdinand Croy has gone to Rome to enter holy orders. 1 He is twentytwo years old, a nephew of Duke Rudolph, Prince Croy, of Dulinen, in: Westphalia, who is an hereditary member of tho upper house of tho Prussian Dlet:'o; One of the handsomest women in Washington is tho wife of ex-Senator and exRegister Bruce. Her face is tine and oval, her features regular, and her complexion not near so dark as that of the conventional Cuban or Spanish beauty. Mr. Bruce himself is light colored. Capt. Rigio, who recently died at Grand Isle, La., is said to have been tho last survivor of Lafitte's famous band of pirates. He.was the oldest inhabitant of the island, having lived there from the,1ime the band was dispersed. In h!s earlyVdft3's he participated in most bf Latitto's raids, but when the band was broken upf took to cultivating oranges and otherfruits,and mado a euug little fortune. Some idea may be formed of the vast quantity of water discharged by South Fork lake into the Conemaugh valley when compared to the flow over Niagara Falls. Estimating the Niagara Ripply at 53,000,000 tons of ik cubic feet per. hour, and taking tho measurement of the lake to have been SLj miles long by 1U mile wide, with a mean depth of SO feet, we have the enormous volume of 1,000,000,000,000 of tons of water, which would require SO hours in passing over Niagara Falls. Robert Louis Stevenson, tho wellknown novelist, who is at present in Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, will start on another voyage to the South seas about the middle of the present month. The trading schooner Equator will visit Honolulu about June 15, and will sail with Mr. Stevenson direct to the Marshall Islands in the South Pacific. He will be accomapnied bj his wife, step-son, and Joseph Strong, an artist. He will be absent about a year, and expects to gather material for a new novel. The route along which the Emperor of Germany, accompanied by the King of Italy, went from the Anhalt station to the Schloss, via the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, on the occasion of the late royal reception, is a mile and a half long. It had been softened with sand and carpeted thickly with evergreens, interspersed with flowers. Then it had been converted into a living lane of splendid troops of all arms, who stood ranked up in motionless array as the monarcbs came abreast of them. A simple stove for warming rooms by means of solar heat has been contrived by Prof. E. S. Morse. It consists of a shallow box, having a bottom of corrugated iron and a glass top. This device is placed outside the building, where the'un can shine directly into it. The rays jass through tho

glass and are absorbed by the metal, heating it to a nigh temperature and warming the air of the boxi The air, which on sunny days rises to ninety degrees Fahrenheit, is conveyed into the room to be heated. A traveler recently returned from Turkey says that the dress of the ladies of Constantinople has become so much like that of their "infidel" sisters that a wife of the Sultan would attract very little attention in an American street. The "feridje," the large shrouding mantle, is shaped almost like a dolman, and its Hap at the back has diminished to a collar which is fastened by a knot of ribbons in front, and is sometimes trimmed with lace. The 'yashmak," or veil, is very thin, and long gloves are worn. The writer of the "Ladies' Column" in the British "Weekly makes short work of any sentimentality which one might feel inclined to attach to George Eliot's relation to George Henry Lewes. "The second marriage," she nays, "quite nnllitied all that young or silly people might find romantic in the first. To tiing one's self away at the bidding of a supreme affection may seem rather heroic to inexperienced eyes, but to decline on a stockbroker, however excellent, one little year after the supreme affection was over, is not heroic, and leaves sentimentalists not a wore to 6ay." Many can remember when women had not a college of their own, and only Oberlin opened her doors to equal and co-education. And that opening raised a tempestuous opposition' and war of indignation. Now, says Kate Stevens, women have more than 200 colleges where they can matriculate and carry oft honors, and there are 4.000 women in attendance. Among these institutions are several State universities, besides Cornell, and Howard, aud Columbia, and a half dozen, owned and occupied by women. Meanwhile, women as teachers are receivin g, in place of a mere pittance, a sum almost equivalent to that paid to men. From an anecdotal and personal article on "General Lee After the War," by Mrs. Margaret J. Preston, in the June Century, is taken the following: "He had the gentlest possible way of giving counsel and administering rebuke. I remember hearing him say, in a presence where such testimony was worth more than a dozen temperance lectures: Men need no stimulant. It is something, I am persuaded, that they can do without. When I went into the held, at the beginning of the war, a good lady friend of mine gave mo two sealed bottles of very superb French brandy. I carried them with me through the entire campaign, and when I met my friend again, after all was over, I gave her back both her bottles of brandy with the seals unbroken. It may have been some comfort to me to know that I had them in case of sudden emergency, but tho moment never came when I needed to use them.'" Prince Bismarck has not a very high opinion of the conversational powers of sovereigns and princes regent in general. At the lunch which he gave to certain deputies and other distinguished visitors in Berlin the other day he was talking of King Ludwig II of Bavaria. "He was a man of high intellectual culture," said Bismarck. "I once had a very interesting interview with him in 1863. His conversation was far superior to that of most princes, which almost always is like this: 'How are youf How are you feeling? Have you ever been here beforel' " Bismarck says that King Ludwig wrote to him eight days before his death, asking his advice, and using these words, which will have a pathetic interest for future historians who recount the romantic episode of the suicide: "The legislative assemblies will not vote me the money necessary for my buildings, and when I can no longer build, I can no longer live!"

COMMENT AND OPINION. The United States should be a haven only for those who como in search of a home, and with the purpose of obeying the laws. Philadelphia Inquirer. The major part of tho confederates may have believed that tho right of secession existed, but not the less is it true that their inrmed revolt was treason, and that treason as eternally wrong ana inat loyauy 19 eternally right. Chicago Inter Ocean. This light of the tax-payer and rent-payer against low license and high taxes will continue until the liquor traffic pays enough money into the treasury of every city and town in the State to meet the public expenditures which tho traffic necessitate. Albany Journal. The foulest blot on the Nation to-day is Mormonism, with its defiance of law, disloyalty to country, its delusions and degradations. Unless suppressed by lawt energetically enforced, it is only a question of time when it must be suppressed by violence. Detroit Tribune. Death and destruction will continue to lie in wait for victims the world over in spite of the appalling warning which has been given at Johnstown. But though never completely and finally learned, these teachings really enter largely into the plans of men, and contribute constantly to human safety and progress. They raise the average of knowledge, foresight and conscientiousness, and, consequently, improve the circumstances of human existence. New York Tribune. It is bad policy as well as bad politics for the South to talk negro disfranchisement. The colored race constitutes Southern labor. With that labor discontented, unwilling to work, or sullenly defiant of capital, the progress of the "New South" will come to an early stop. Cheap labor, cheap colored labor or cheap white labor, Tcept cheap by the presence of the colored masses, the South has great present advantages as an industrial section. Northern capital goes there because raw material is abundant and labor is cheap. It will not go there if labor is not forthcoming to meet it. Boston Transcript, THE APPOINTING POWER. The Mai-Legislation of the Late Democratic General Assembly and Its Effect. To the Ertitor of the Indianapolis Journal: There can be but little doubt that the action of the last General Assembly will enter largely into the canvass of the next general election in this State. The total disregard of all constitutional barriers, and the open attempt to trample on the powers of the executive department by the Democratic majority will, in all probability, be the pivotal point upon which the result of the election will turn. The election of officers by the General Assembly has placed all tho ofiicesof the principal benevolent and reformatory institutions of the State in the hands of ultra Democrats, with the disposal of about 780,000, which is more than two-thirds of the revenue of the Stato, after deducting the interest on the State debt. To fully understand tho effect of such legislation I will briefly refer to a few authorities which cannot be controverted. Art. 3, Sec. 1, of the Constitution, says: Tho powers of the government are divided Into three separate departments the legislative, the executive, including tho administrative, and the judicial and no person charged with otlicial duties under one of these departments shall exercise any of the functions ol another, except as in this Constitution expressly provided. Tho word "person" in the section is broader than the word "department," and embraces every one "charged with official duties" under either of the departments. Every judge on the Supreme Bench of this State has decided that the appointment to office is an "executive function." If so, all the appointments of officers of said benevolent institutions should be made by the Governor, unless an express provision can be found in the Constitution to the contrary. Nobody claims that that can bo done. The following au thorities fully sustain the power of appointment by the Governor: Brown J. said in People vs. Draper, 15 N. Y., 532: "Without the limitations and restrictions usually found in written constitutions the government could have no elements of permanence and durability, and the vesting of this exercise in separate departments would be an idle and unmeaning ceremonj." Daniel Webster, in his speech on the "Independence of the Judiciary." said: "It cannot be denied that one great object of written constitution is to keep the departments of government as separate as possnue, auaior vaw purpose to impose re

straints desired to have that effect. And

it is eouallv true that there is no depart ment on which it is more necessary to impose restraints tuan upon me legislature. In the case of Hawkins vs. the Governor, 1 Ark., SCO, the court said: "There can be no liberty, says Montesquieu, where the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person or body of magistracy, or if the power of judging be not separated from the legislative and executive. This is a political axiom established by the deliberate judgment of centuries. and confirmed by the universal experi ence of mankind. The American constitutions have therefore made these departments as independent and as separate from each other as the case would admit of. Each department is made sovereign and supremo in its own sphere, and is left to the full and free exercise of all the rights and rowers respectlveiy oeionging 10 u. Again, in me same opinion, it was said: lfle concen tration of all power, legislative, executive, and judicial in the same hands constitutes the very definition of tyranny that is given by all the earlv friends and founders of our free institutions." Judce Field, now of the Supreme Conrt of the United States, when a judge of the Supreme Court of California, said, in speaking of a statute prescribing the duties of that court: "To concede to it any obligatory force would be to sanction . a most palpable encroachment upon the independence of this department. .. The truth is, no such power can exist in the legislative department or be sanctioned by any court which has the least respect for its own dignity and independence." (Houston vs. Williams, 13 Cal., 24; S. C, 73 Am. Dec.,505.5CC.l In the case of De Chartellux vs. Fairchild. 15 Pa. St 18. S. C. 53 Am. Dec, 570,571, Gibson, C. J., said: "The power of the Legislature is not judicial. It is limited to the making of laws, not to the exposition or execution of them. The functions of tho several parts of tho government are thoroughly separated and distinctly assigned to the principal branches of it the. legislative, executive and the judiciary which, within their respective departments, are equal and co-ordinate. Each derives its authority, mediately or immediately, from the people, and each is responsible, mediately or immediately, to the people for the exercise of it. When either shall have usurped the powers of one or both of its fellows, then will have been effected a revolution, not in the form of government, but in its action. Then will be a concentration of the powers of the government in a 6ingle branch , of it, which, whatever may be the form of Constitution, will be despotism a government of unlimited, irresponsible and arbitrary rule. It is idle to say the authority of each branch is defined and limited in the Constitution, if there be not an independent power able and willing to enforce the limitations." See, also, as to the power of the Legislature over courts. Presley vs. Lamb, 105 Ind., 171, 185; Little vs. State, 90 Ind.. 339. A fair exaurnation of the Constitution of the State, and the authorities cited above, will convince the most skeptical that the General Assembly has no power to elect or appoint any officer, unless such election or appointment is "specially provided for in the Constitution. Justice. TnE WOOL TARIFF.; Its Effect on Product and Price The Question Discussed by a Practical Wool-Grower. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: Those who watch the solution of the political problems presented to the country, and act in the light'of such solution, are wise. A clearly-defined policy in the protection to wool was presented to the country in the last political campaign. The Republican party favored protection and the Democratic party opposed it. A brief review of the effects of protection to wool will demonstrate its wisdom. Australia and South America unitedly have 142.000,000 sheep. Almost the entire wool clip is exported. The cost of raising sheep in those countries is very small. With the little care required in those countries, with cheap land and cheap labor, wool can be grown at from 10 to 12 cents a pound. Their wool industry has but recently assumed great proportions, which are largely increased each year, and are a controlling factor in the markets of the world. These -vr ools, under free trade, could be furnished here at 15 cents a pound. This would wipe out the wool industry of our country. Mr. Cleveland, in his message to Congress, favored free wool. He frankly admitted this would cause a reduction in prices of 12 cents a pound on our best grades of wool. Eighteen dollars, he said, would represent the loss on twentyfive sheep; S6 on fifty 6hcep. If, upon its sale, the farmer receives this, or a lees tariff profit, the wool leaves his hands charged with precisely this sum, which, in all its changes, adheres to it until it reaches the consumer.. This message of Mr. Cleveland favoring free wool, was the front of a Democratic campaign document widely circulated in Indiana last fall. Its title was, "Seven Per Cent. Off. or the Mills Bill." In the conclusion of this document was an argument with tabulated figures to prove that wool had always been higher under low than high tariff. P quote from this article a sentence or two: If any wool-grower, in Indiana or elsewhere, believes removing the duty on wool wUl lower tbe price In this country, he should carefully study the following table, showingtbatby actual experience for rifty-scven years in this country, unllorm result from a decrease in tho tariff is to Increase the price of wooL If it affects It at all, and the unllorm effect of an increase of tariff Is to decrease the price of wool. Here, in the same document, we have presented a glaring con tradiction. This was characteristic" of tho party in the last campaign on the tariff question. Their platform was susceptible of two constructions, antagonistic to each other. Like the old lauy. who, in order to tell her minco pies, put upon tho top cnifct T. M., for "'tis mince," and tho thought happily occurred to her the same letters would designate the other pies, so she put on the top T. M. for "'taint mince." From tho Democratic campaign documents tho farmer could read, "free trade makes wool higher:" and from the same document the purchaser of woolens could read, "free trade makes cheaper woolens," and you could tell about as intelligently which as the old lady could tell her minco pies. Sophisms were offered in lieu of argument, and maxims instead of markets. I herewith submit an array of facts to refute their story and sustain the wisdom of protection to this great agricultural industry. Tho increase in the wool clip, under low tariff, from 1850 to lbCO, was but 14 percent. In 1SC0 there were in this country 20.000,000 sheep, yielding (30,000,000 pounds of wool. From 1800 to 1863 sheep increased from 20,000,000 to 50,000,000, an increase of 150 per cent. The increaso in yield of wool for tho same time was from 00,000,000 to SOO.OOO.ooo pounds. an increaso of 400 per cent. The larger part of the increase was after the enactment of the hinhwool tariff of 18G7. Notwithstanding tho high wool tariff, woolen fabricssold cheaper than prior to 1850. Why? In ISOOtbe meager supply of CO.000,000 pounds of wool was the entire product of this country; in 1883 the marvelous increase of the wool clip had reached over 800,000,000 pounds. In 1870 there were 1.2G3 woolen factories in the United States; in ten years (1SS0) the increase in woolen factories had kept pace with the increased wool product, and wo had 2.G89 woolen factories. These facts tre significant, and tell how tariff makes cheaper woolens. An abundance of wool, brisk competition among factories, gave tho consumer goods, at the samo time, employment to labor, and a market to the fanner. To prove that protection was the sequel of tho increase, let us free how rapidly this great industry declined under a reduction of tariff and the hostile attitude of an administration hostilo to the wool interests of this country. Congress passed an act. in 1883. reducing the duty on wool. This law took effect in 1884. from which time we will date our facts, taken from the report of tho Commissioner of Agriculture,-, Norman J. Column, printed in monthly crop and stock reports: Year. No. Sheep. 1844.. ..50,360,24:1 1h5....4S.3:J2,:131 18S.... 44.759,314 1887.. ..43.544,755 1838.. ..-12,599,079 Wool Clin. Value. 30,00,000 $107,900,080 302.000.000 2H5.000.000 2()l),0O0,000 203,000.000 12,443.7 89.872.839 89,379,026 87.00O.0OO Thus it is shown that during Mr. Cleveland's administration the country sustained a loss in sheep of 7,761.164 head, 45.000.000 pounds of wool and a loss iu value of

OfiO.CSO. The evil effects of the reduction ia tariil were greatlr augmented by unjust treasury rulings. These rulings under Mr. Cleveland's aaministratiou have uniformly been in the interest of ioreun wool-growers and importers as aeainst our woolgrowers. m Domestic clothing wools have been admitted as coarse carpet wools, thus evading from seven to nine cents duty on the pound. Both the government ana the wool-grower have been defrauded. Under Mr. Cleveland the importation of foreign wool has doubled; at the same time a large decrease in home grown is a fact that demands serious thought. It is estimated that from 80.000.000 to ino.-

000,000 pounds of wool were annually im ported during Mr. Cleveland's administra tion which was classified in the interest of foreigners. The National Wool-growers Association, the wool-crowers of the states and farmers entered their protest against uus unjust, discrimination ail to no pur pose. President Cleveland, wiser than beueral Jackson, who urged the protection of wool; wiser than the combined wisdom of the wool-growers and farmers, pursued a line of policy that rapidly destroyed one of our great agricultural industries. Immedi ately after the inauguration of President Harrison, and with the assurance that the interests of wool-growers and Jfarm ers were to be considered rather than foreign wool-growers and importers, prices have advanced from 15 to so por cent. During Mr. Harrison's term of oihce, instead of a decline of near c-iuht million sheep, I predict an increase of that numoer. ino buildmg up of auv branch of agriculture is a benefit to all farmers. whether engaged in that particular industry or not. It will require 30,000,000 more sheep to produce the wool consumed in this country, bhall our farmers grow this wool or the herdsmen of Australia and bouth America? The raisingof these sheep will letaen the number eneraged in other branches of farming, will diversify our interests. and mutually benehn all. Bv the enactment of wiA laws in the near future nil th textile fibers needed in this conntrv can ! home grown, and from these fibers homo manufacturers can produce all the fabrics, all the wares, all the cordage and . bagging; needed in this country. As loueas the farmer is dependent npon foreign manilla. sisal orsun grass lor their binder twine, so long will they be subjected to fluctuating and often extravagant prices. Let tho growing of flax and hemp be encouraged. anu irom me noer oi xnese proancts oi our own farms, let our linen and binder-twine be manufactured. When that 6rstem of economy shall prevail, it will develop tho resources of our 6oi I and convert the raw material into the finished rroduct, and wo will have reached the dawn of a new era of prosperity. James A. Mount. Siiakxoxdale, Ind., June 8. HARRISON AT TIIE RELIEF MEETING. How the President Carried Himself and the Impression He Produced. Washington Letter In Philadelphia Record. When the hall was full Commissioner Douglass came forward, and, briefiy stating the purpose of the meeting, introduced too President as the presiding officer. Everybody applauded vigorously as Harrisou stood up and came forward till ne stood beside the table, with his left hand on tho glass. He wore nis winter clothes, warm as the day and the hall were, and yet looked perfectly comfortable. Ho is not tall enough to be impressive at any f ime, anu, with his frock coat thrown carelessly back and his trouacrs bagging where his short legs curved, he looked even less imposing than ever as he stood awkwardly waiting for silence. But his first sentence gave him such a hold on his hearers that they thought no more of his dress or his manner, lie did not gesticulate When he wasn't holding down that ghifcs he was caressing tho water-pitcher. Jio employed no trick of oratory and affected no semblance of eloquence. Yet he was so earnest aud his words were so simple that every one was touched, and the hands and feet could not bo kept still. It was all in perfect contrast to tho majestic, enthusiastic way in which James G.Blaine (for one) would have done it; and yet it was o effective. No one had expected a speech from the President or from anybody else. 1 think some of those busy bankers would have stayed away bad they known that there was to be one. Yet 6o sincere, straightforward and stirring was the President's speech that no one would willingly have missed it. It is not quite correct, according to Kcim's rules of Washington etiquette, for members ' of tho Cabinet to publicly applaud tho utterances of the President; it is too intimately a family aftair. The members of the Cabinet present on Tuesday all respected the rule, and so kept quiet: but the Postmaster-general evidently had to hold himself in hand to do it. Most of ns thought that tho President, like other dignitaries on similar occasions, would retire at least to the back of the stage as soon as he had finished his speech, leaving the commissioners to run the meeting. But the President had never thought, of such a thing. Having formally, opened the meeting he took off his coat, metaphorically speaking, and became one of us, forgetting otlicial distinctions and everything else except his desire to have Washington give generously, and especially give the train-load of provisions at once which he had promised Governor Beaver in tbo . morning. Standing by the little tabic ho kept up a constant conversation wbilo committees wero appointed and contributions handed in. While our rich men were announcing, their $500 contnbut ions, and we were all applauding, I saw more excitement in Harrison's eyes than I have ever seen before, and when he spoke out from time to time to announce some additional contributions or to repeat his desire that wc should send that supply train at once, I heard the tremor which told of the feeling he hides from every ono but his family. He is really a warm-hearted man of delicate and spontaneous sympathies underneath that cold, gray exterior. His dry humor 6houo out, too.' He told us how anxious ho had been to fcend supplies from the War Department, and especially about tho pontoons which had been asked for bridging purposes. "But," ho said, T am sorry , to find that the entire pontoon train of the United States nnuy is only 5T5 feet long." Meanwhile his hearers were doing some talking with their money individuals annonncingcoutribntions while a committee headed by Commissioner IUn got tho subscriptions of more modest men by walking down the aisles. The President's C3'es twinkled as ho heard the committee report Secretary Noble ns giving $2o0. Secretary Proctor as giving500 lor himself and wife, and Attorney-general Miller as giving $100. Gardiner G. Hubbard, tho father-in-law of Alexander Graham Bell, entertained him. as ho did everybody, by his quaint way of announcing that he gave 250 for himself. 250 for Mrs. Hubbard and $100 for his youngest grandchild, Gardiner Hubbard Bell, and that the other grandchildren were planning to earn f ome money, and would, he could guarantee, tarn .$. apiece. I think the President ruuot have thought at this point of subscribing $10 for Benjamin Harrison McKee. How that would have brought down tho houso aud electrified tho county! He was evidently touched, as wo all. were, by Private .Secretary llalford'si thank-ollcring of S50. But I thiuk the contribution which pleased him most was ono of live barrels of crackers from tho proprietor of a cracker factory. "That's right," tho President said. "That's what they want right away crackers, hard bread, salt meats things to eat that will not suffer on the way. and that are ready for immediate use when they arrive. Wo want to get that supply train off to-night or to-morrow morning." He kept things going briskly ho, that there was no serious hitch anywhere in the proceedings, although the usual number of irrelevant suggestions were made by zealous amateurs in this sort of work. Th President was perfectly at home. Yoti would have thought he had lived in Washington all his life and presided at relief meetings every year. All his suggestions were so simple aud sensible that they would have been acted on if they had been made bv somebody els. It was ro well managed that it was all over in an hour, the commissioners were made a permanent relief committee, committees were authorized to collect contributions, Willard's Hall was made a depot, and f 10,000 was subscribed by 4 o'clock, when the meeting adjourned. Nothing in it better became the President than his leaving it. Some officious person whose pedigree is in the Book of Snobs, I am Mire, although 1 do not know his name, handed up a resolution tendering the President thanks for his humanity a shown by his sympathy with the sufferers, and especially evinced by his presence oa that occasion. There was a general feeling of faintness in the hall until the President tiaved the situation by quietly brushing the resolution aside with the remark that while well meant it was out of place. The parting applause was all tbe heartier forthix prompt and level-headed acU 1