Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 May 1889 — Page 2

THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, WEDNESDAY, MAY 1, 1889

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dow upen you. was Napoleon address to r..s army, la U shadow of the Pyramid, but Lift soldiers saw only the dream of Eastern empire vanish la blood. Statesmen and parliamentary leaders have sunk Into oblivion or led their party to defeat. by surrendering their conviction to the p-ln?' passion of the hour, but Washing tnn. in this immortal speech, struck the kev- note

of representative obligation, and propounded th fundamental principle of the purity and penlultT oi constitutional government. Freed from the limitations of lu environment, aad the question of the adoption of lu work, the convention er-cted its governnieut upon the eternal fuunda:ions of the power of the people. It dismissed the delusive theory of a compart between tndejeudcnt States, and derived national power froru the iople of the United Mates. It broke up the machinery of the confederation and put in practical operation the glittstmg generalities of the Declaration of Independence. Fro in chaos came order, from insecurity came safety, from disintegration and cWil war came law and liberty, with the principle proclaimed in the preamble of the (treat charter, "We, the people of the United States. In order to form a move perfect union, establish Justice, Insure domeatio tranquillity, provide for tha common defense, promote the eeneral welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourreive and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States. STATE AND NATIONAL AUTHORITY. TVlta a wisdom Inspired of God, to workout trpca this continent the liberty of man, they solved the problem of the ages by blending and yet preserving, local self-government with national authority, and the rights of the States with the majesty and power of the Republic The government of the States, nnder the articles of Confederation, became bankrupt because it rould not raise $ t ,000,000; the government of the Union, nnder th Constitution of the United Ktatee, raised $0,000,000,000, its credit growing firmer us its power and resources were demonstrated. The Congress of the Confederation fled from a regiment which It could not pay; the Congress of the Union reviewed the comrades of a million of Its victorious soldiers, saluting as they marched the flat? of the Nation, whose supremacy they had sustained. The promises of the Confederacy were the ecotr of its states; the pledge of the Itepublic was the honor of Its people The Constitution, which was to be strengthened by the strata of a century, to be a mighty conqueror without a subject province, to triumphantly survive the createst of civil wars without the confiscation of an estate or the execution of a political offender, to create and grant home mle und state o vert ignty to twenty-nine additional commonwealths, and yet enlarge Its scope and broaden its power, and to make the name of an American citizen a title of honor throughout the world, came complete from this great convention to the people for adoption. As Hancock rose from his seat in the old Congress, eleven years Wfore. to sign the Declaration of Independence, Franklin saw emblazoned on the back of the President chair the sun partly above the horizon, but It seemed setting tn a blood-red sky. Jurl:gthe seven years of the Confederation be bad gathered no hope from the glittering emblem, but now, us with clear vision he boheld fixed upon eternal foundations the end urine structure of constitutional liberty, pointing to the sign, ho forgot hie eighty-two years, and with the enthusiasm of youth electrified the convention with the declaration: "Xowl know that It 1 the rising sun." The pride of the State and tho ambition of their leaders, sectional Jealousies, and the overwhelming distrust of centralized power, were all arrayed against the adoption of the Constitution. North Carolina and Kb ode Island refused to Join the Union until long after Washington's Inauguration. For mouths New York was debatable ground. Her territory extending from the sea to the lake made her the key-stone of the arch. Had Arnold's treason in the revolution not been foiled by the capture of Andre. England would have held New York and subjugated the colonies, and in this crisis, nnless New York assented, a hostile and powerful commonwealth dividing the States, made the Union impossible. TRIBUTE TO ALEXANDER HAMILTON Saocs'es was due to confidence In Washington and the genius of Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson was the Inspiration of Independence, but Hamilton was the incarnation of the Constitution. In no age nor country has there appeared Sk more precocious or amazing Intelligence than Hamilton. At seventeen he annihilated the ? resident of his college, upon the question of the IghU of the colonies, in a serits of anonymous articles which were credited to the ablest men In the country; at forty-seven, when he died, his briefs had becomo the law of the land, and his fiscal system was. and after a hundred years remains, the rule and policy of our government. He gave Ufa to the corpse of national creditand the strength for self-preservation and aggressive power to the Federal Union. Both as an expounder of the principles and an administrator of the effairs of government he stands supreme and unrivalled in Amartcam history. His eloquence was so magnetic, his ianguag so clear, and his reasoning so Irresistible, that he swayed with equal ease popular assemblies, grave Senates and learned judge. Hecartured the people of the wholo country for the Constitution by his papers in the Federalist, and conquered the hostile majority in the New York convention by the splendor of his oratory. But the multitudes whom no argument could convince, who saw in the executive power and centralized force of the Constitution, under another name, the dreaded usurpatiou of kiug and ministry, were satisfied onlv with the assurance. Washington will Ikj President. Good," cried John Lamb, the able leader of the Sons of Libert 5 a she dropped his opposition; "for to no other mortal would I trust authority so enormous." "Washington will be President." was the battle-cry of the Constitution. It quieted alarm and gave confidence to the timid and jAliF4rra tf ffrlATC4.lL Tilt rAll T1 fftf 7nOTl tflfcfi with enthusiastic unanimity, but the chief with the greatest reluctance. In the supreme moment of victory, when the world expected him to follow the precedents of the past, and perpetuate the power a grateful country would willingly have left In his lmnds. he had resigned and retired to Mount Vernon to enjoy in private station bis well earned rest. The convention created by his exertions to prevent, as he said, "tho decline of our federal dignity Into insignificant aud wretched fragments of empire," had called him to preside over its deliberations. Its work made IKsiible the realization of his hope that, "we might survive as an independent republic," and again besought the seclusion of his home. Hut, alter Hie iTMiupu oi iuo war, nuu mn iuimiiuii of tbo Constitution, came the third and final crisis: the initial movements of government which were to teach the Infant State the steadier steps of empire. lie alone could stay assault and Inspire confidence while the great and complicated machinery of organized government w;v put in order and set in motion. Doubt existed nowhere except in his modest and unambitious heart. "My movements to the chairof government." he said, will be accompanied by feelings not unlike those of a culprit who is going to the place of his execution. ch unwilling am I, in the evening of life, nearly consumed in public cares, to quit a peaceful abode for an ocean of difficulties, withont that competency of political skill, abilities and inclination, which are necessary to manage the helm." His wholo life had been spent in reoeated sacrifices for his country's welfare, and he did not hesitate now, though there is an undertone of inexpressible sadness in this entry in his diary on the night of lit departure: "About 10 o'clock I bade adieu to Mount Vernon, to private life, aud to domestic felicity, and with a mind oppressed with more anxious and painful sensations than I have words to express, set out for New Yorlc with the best disposition to render service to my country in obedience to its call, but with less The speaker then retold the story of Washington's election and of his trip to tho capital in a memorable inarch of 6ix days. - his entry into New York, his enthusiastic greeting ly the first Congress of the United States, and the emotion which overcame him when the multitude in the streets, in the. windows and on the roofs sent up their ehonts of welcome. Alter relating How tne o.itli of oflico was taken ami the formal an ' nouncement by Chancellor Livingston, the tpoaker said: The shr.rde and Imposing ceremony over, the inaugural read, the blessiug of God prayerfully lctitioul in old St. Paul's, the festivities passed; and asuingvon aioou aioue. .u vue cimj num tike the helm of State, and enthusiast and doubter alike trusted only him. The teachings tnd habits of the fast had educated the people io faith in the idderendcuce of their States, and for the supreme authority of the new government rhr tood acalnst the precedent of a century and the passions of the nour little besides the arguments of Hamilton. Madison and Jay in the Federaust, aud toe judgment oi wasniugion. ii-ith the first attempt to exercise na tional power began the duel to the death between State sovereignty claiming the right to nullify federal laws or secede from theLnlon, and tne power of the Republic to command the resources of the country, to enforce it authority and protect its life. It was the beginning of the s lxty years' war for the Constitution and the Na tion. It seared consciences, degraded poiiuos destroyed parties, ruined statesmen, and re tarded tne adVauce uuu uoniujimcui vi uia countrvi it sacrificed hundreds of thousands of precious lives, and squandered thousands of miliums of moiiMv: it desolated the fairest portion of the land, and carried mourning to every home North and South: but it enaeu i Appomattox m the absolute triumph of tho Republic 1'osteritr owes to Washington s administration the policy and measures, iorc nu uu-ecuon whb h mdM iwuLAihle this glorious result. In giv ing the organization or tho Itonartineiit of Mate and foreign relations to Jetlerson. the Treasury to Hamilton, and the Supreme Court t Jar, he selected for hia Cabinet and called to bis assist ance tha ablest and most eminent men oi uis llie. Hamilton's marvellous versatility and - 1 na rltf isnt the armory and the weapons for the promotion of national power and Viatnes' bu Washington's kteudy support carried them through. Parties cryatalized, aud parly passions were intense, dobate were intern perate, and the Union ojenly threatened and secretly plotted asalfit, ai the linn pressure of this tuiiity iiermonallty funded tho debt ami mt altht-d credit. aaMumed the fitate debts incurred in the war of the Revolu tion and superceded the local by the national obll upon spirits and created revenue and resources. orzanked a national banklnr ivs.cm for pnbllo . seed and jrlvaio bosineM, and called out aa

army to put down by force of arms resistance to the federal laws imposinizunpopular taxes. Upon the plan marked out by the Constitution, this great architect, with unfailing faith and nnf.ilterimr couraze. bullded the Kepubllc. He gave to tho governnieEt the principle of action and sources of power which carried it successfully t'urouirh the wars with Great Britain In 1812.

and Mexico in which enabled Jackson to defeat null fication. and recruited ana equipped millions of men for Lincoln, and Justified and sustained his Proclamation of Emancipation. Washington's unkurinq judgment. The French Revolution was the bloody reality of France and the nightmare of the civilized world. The tyranny of ccnturits culminated In frightful reprisals and reckless revenues. As parties rose to power and passed to the guillo tine, the frenzy of the revolt against all authority reached every country, and captured the imarinatioDs and enthusiam of millions in every land, who believed that they saw that tho madness of anarchy, the overturning of all institutions, the confiscation and distribution of property, would end in a millennium for the masses and the universal brotberhoci of man. tntbusiam for France, our late ally, and the terrible commercial and industrial distress occa sioned by the failure of the government under the articles of Confederation, aroused an almost unanimous cry for the young Republic, not yet sure of its own existence, to piumre into the vortex. The ablest and Surest statesmen of the time bent to the storm, ut Washington was unmoved. He stood like the rock-ribled coast of a continent between the stinting billows of fanaticism and the child or his love. Order is heaven's first law, and the mind of Washington was order. The revolution defied (Jod and derided the law. Washington devoutly reverenced the deity and believed liberty imnoatdble without law. He siKke to the sober judgmeut of the Nation and made clear the dan ger, lie saved the lnxant government itvui ruin, and expelled the French minister who had appealed from him to tne reopie. me wuu.o bind, seeing safety only in his continuance in oflice. Joined Jefferson in ursrinsr him to accept a second term. "North and outh," pleaded the .Secretary, "will hang togetlicr while they nave you to hang to." No man ever stood for so much to his country and to mankind as Georgd Washington. Harrollton. Jefferson and Adams. Madison and Jay, each represented some of the elements which formed the Union. Wasbiuston embodied them all. They fell at times under pop ular disapproval, were burned In efligy, were stoned, but he with unerring judement was always the leader of the people. Milton said of Cromwell, "that war maue mm great, peace cTeaxer. xuc superiority of Washington's character and genius were more conspicuous in the formation of our government and in puttinc it on indestructible foundations than in leading armies to victory and conquering the independence or bis country. "The Union in any event." is the central thought of his farewell address, and all the years or nis grand ure were aevoieu to its formation and preservation. He fought as a voutu with P.raddock and in the capture of Fort lm Quesue for the protection of tho whole country As commander-lu-cbief of the Continental Armv. his commission was from the Congres of the United Colonies. He inspired the movement for the Republic, was the president and dominant spirit of the convention which framed its Constitution and its President for eight years, and ituided its course until satisfied that moving safely along the broad highway of time, it would be surely ascending toward the first place among the nations of the world, the asylum of the op pressed, the home of the free. Do his countrymen cxaggerte his virtues! Listen to Guizot.tbe historian of civilization: "Washington did the two greatest things which in politics it Is permitted to man to attempt He maintained by peace the independence of his conntry which he conquered by war. He founded a free government in the name of the principles of order and by re-establishing their sway." Jiearijora trsiiine, lue ujom iiiujoub oj luiudu advocates: "You are the only being 'for whom I have an awful reverence," Remember the tribute of Charles James Fox, the greatest parlia mentary orator who ever swayed theBritisn House of Commons: "Illustrious man, before whom all borrowed greatnetssinks into insignificance." Contemplate the character of Lord iJrougham, pre-eminent for two generations lu every department of human activity and thought, ami then impress upon the memories of your children his deliberate judgment: "Until time shall be no more will a test of the progress which our race has made in wisdom and virtue be derived from the veneratiou paid to the Immortal name of Washington." Chatham, who. with cure, conquered an em pire in the East, died broken-hearted at the loss of the empire in the West, by follies wbicn even his power aud eloquence could not prevent. Pitt saw the vast creations of his diplomacy shattered at Austcrlitz. and fell murmuring: "My country! bow I leave my countryl" Napoleon caused a noble tribute to w asmnjrton to be read at tne neaa of his armies, but, unable to rise to Washington's preatness, witnessed the vast structure erected by conquest and cemented by blood, to minister to his own ambition and pride, crumble into fragments, and an exile and a lrUoner he breathed his last babbling of battle-fields and camasre. Washington, with his finger upon his pulse, felt the presence of death, and calmly re viewing tne past ana lorecasung tne xuiuve, answered to the summons of the grim messenger, "It is well." and as his mighty soul ascended to God the land was deluged with tears and tho world united in his eulogy. Riot out from the paee of history the names of all the great actors f bin time in the drama of nations, and preserve the name of Washington, and the century would bo renowned. THE FUTURE SECURE. We stand to-day upon the dividing line be tween the first and second century of constitutional government. There are no clouds overhead and no convulsions under our feet, "We reverently return thanks to Almighty God for the past, and, with confident and hopeful promise, march upon sure ground towards the future. The simple facts of these hundred years paralyze tne imagination, and we contemplate tne vast accumulations or the century with awe : and pride. Our population has grown from four to sixty-tive millions. Its center moving westward five hundred miles since iym'jis eloquent wun the founding of cities and the birth of States. New settlements, clearing the forests and subduing the prairies, and adding four millions to the few thousands of farms which were the support of Washington s Republic, create one or the great granaries of the world and open exhaustless reservoirs or national weaitn. The infant Industries, which the first act of our first administration sought to encourage, now give remunerative employment to more people than inhabited the Kepublio at the beginning of Washington's presidency. The grand total of their annual output of seven thousand millions of dollars in value places the United States first among the manufacturing countries of the earth. One-half the total mileage of all the railroad, and one-quarter- of all the telegraph lines of the world within our borders, testify to the volume, variety and value of an internal commerce wnich makes these States, if need be. independent and seif-suptortiug. These hun dred years of development under favoring polit ical conditions nave nrougnt the sum or our national wealth to a figure which has passed the results of a thousand years for the motherland. herseir, otherwise the richest or modern empires. lmnng tins generation, a civn war or uneqaied magnitude caused the expenditure and loss of eight thousand millions of dollars, and killed six hundred tu nsand aud permanently disabled over a million young men. aud yet the Impetuous progress of the North and the marvelous indus trial development or the new and iree eoutii have obliterated the evidences of destruction, and made the war a memory, and have stimu lated production until our annual surplus nearly equals that of Kngland, France and Germany combined. The teeming millions of Asia till the patient oil, and work the shuttle and loom as their fathers have done for ages: modern Europe has felt the influeuce and received the benefit of the incalculable multi plication of force bv inventive genius since the Napoleonic wars; and yet, only two hundred and iiiitv-nine venrs after the little band or Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Kock, our people numbering less than one-fifteenth of the Inhabitants of the globe, do one-third of its mining, one-fourth of its manufacturing, one-fifth of it agriculture. and own one-sixta or its wealth. This realism of material prosperity, surpass ing the wildest creations of the romancers who have astonished and delighted mankind. would be full of danger for the present and menace for the tuturs. u the virtue, iutelligeuce and independence of the people were not euual to the wt.e regulation of its uses and the stem prevention of its abuses. lint following the growth and power of the great factor. whee aggregation of capital mde possible the tremendous pace of the settlement of our national doroatn. the bullJltig of our great cities and the opening of the lines of communication which have unified our country and cre ated our resources, have come national and State legislation and supervision. Twenty millions, a vat inattoiity of our people of intelligent age, acknowledging the authority of their severs! churches, twelve millions of children in the com mon schools. 345 universities and colleges for the higher education of mu and J00 for women. l.o institutions of learning ror science, la. medicine and theology, tiro the despair of the scoiler and the den.a uoirue, and the firm support oi civilization ami niHTiy. THE ItEPUliLIC's SECURE ANCHOR. The American people, after all the dazzling developments of the century, are still happily living undef the government of Washington. Tho Constitution during all that period has been amended only upon tho lines laid down in the original instrument, and iu conformity with the recorded opinions of the fathers. The first great addition wok tho incorporation of a bill of rights, and the lat the embedding into tho Constitution of the immortal principle of the Declaration of Independence or the equality or all men bcrore the law. - Nocrisithas been too perilous for it powers. evolution too rapid tor its adapta tion, Hfid no expansion boyoud Us easy kTvsp aud adoiinUtration. It has assimilated diverse nationalities with warrlnir tradition. cumluh conditions and Ungual's, imbued them with its spirit, and won their passionate loyalty and love. The flower of the youth of the nations of con tinental .uroie ate coueenpted rrom productive industries and drlllluc in ramp. at armies Mand In battle array alone the frontiers, aud a Katfter'n whim or a minister's mistake may precipitate the most destructive war of modern times. Roth monarches! aud republican gov ernmenm are seeking safety in the repreasion and suppression of opposition aud criticism. The volcuhlo forces of democratic aspiration ucd ociallsth) revolt axe rapidly increasing and

threaten pearo and security. We turn from thse gathering storms to the British Isles and find their people in the throes of a political crisis involving the form and substance of their government, and their statesmen far from confident that the enfranchised and unprepared masses will wisely ue their power. Hut for us no army exhausts our resources nor consumes our youth. Our navy mut needs increase in order that the protecting flag may follow the expanding commerce, which is to successfully compete in all the markets of the world. The sun of onr destiny is still rising, and Its rays illumine vast territories aa yet unoccuSied and undeveloped, and which are to be the appy homes of millions of jeople. The questions which affect the powers o government and the expansion or limitation of the authority of the feural Constitution are so completely settled, and so unanimously approved, that our political divisions produce only the healthy antagonism of parties which is necessary for the preservation of liberty. Our Institutions furnish the full equipment of shield and spear for the battles of freedom, and abso

lute protection against every danger whlcn threatens the welfare of the people will always be found in the intelligence which appreciates their value, and the courage and morality with which their powers are exercised. The spirit of Washington tills the executive office. Presidents may not rise to the full measure of his greatness, but they must not fall below his standard of public duty and obligation. His life and character, conscientiously studied and thoroughly understood by coming generations, will be for them a liberal education for private life and ublio station, for citizenship and patriotism, or love and devotion to Union and liberty. With their inspiring past and splendid present. the people of these United State, heirs of a hundred years marvejotisly rich In all which adds to the glory and greatness of a nation, with an abiding tjut in the stability and elasticity of their Constitution, and an abounding faith in themselves, hall the coming century with hope and Joy. In the midst of the enthusiastic cheering that followed Mr. Dcpew's sitting down. Mr. Elbridge Gerry arose and said: 'The President of the United States will now address you." President Harrison's Remarks. Pjesjdent Harrison then arose from his scat, placed his hat on the chair in which he had been sitting, and advanced to the front of the platform. This was the signal for a grand outburst of cheers. Dozens of cameras were pointed at him from the sur rounding house-tops, and he stood still for a moment, unconsciously giving the photographers an excellent opportunity. He began to speak, however, before the cheering died away, and it was impossible fot any one to hear his lirst few words. lie spoke as follows: These proceedings are of a very exacting char acter, and make it quire impossible that I should deliver an address on th's occasion. At an early date l notified your committee that the programme must not contain any address by me. The selection of Mr. Depew as the orator on this occasion made further speech not only difficult but superfluous. He has met the demand of tho occasion on its own high level. He has brought before us the incidents of the ceremonies of the great inauguration of Washington. We seem to be a part of the admiring, and almost adoring throng that filled those streets an hundred years ' ago, to greet the always inspiring presence of Washington. He was the Incarnation of duty, and he teaches us to-day this great lesson: That those who would associate their name with events that shall outlive a century can only do so by the highest con secration to duty. He was like the captain who goes to sea, and throws overboard his cargo of rags that he may gain safety and deliverance for his imperiled fellow-men. Washington seemed to come to the discharge of duties of his high office, impressed with a great sense or nis unramuiarity with the position newly thrust upon him modestly doubtful of his own ability, but trusting implicitly In his hopefulness of that God who rules the worldpresides in the conscience of nations, and. his power to control human events, w e have made a marvellous progress In material events since then, but the stately and enduring shaft we have built at the national Capitol at Washington symbolizes the fact that he is still the first American citizen. The remarks of the President were fre quently interrupted with cheers, and when he sat down the air was rent with the ap plause of the assembled crowd, iheu came cries for "Morton," but the Vice-President merely responded by rising and bowing to tho throng. Archbishop Corn can then pronounced the benediction, every one within hearing standing uncovered. The Archbishop was attired in his pontiiiciat robes, and, while sitting, occupied a position between Vicepresident Morton and the Key. Dr. IStons. While Mr. Depew wits speaking the chimes in Trinity Church rang out, and tho music of the bands in the parade, which had already started, could be heard dis tinctly at the sub-treasury . The literary exercises were over ai 11:100 ciock, aim ino presidential party left the 6ub-trearury in the order it had entered. The crowd of people was kept back from Pine and N assua streets while the presidential party entered carriages and started for the reviewingstana ai juaaison square. THE CITIZEN SOLDIERY. THE GREAT PARADE. A Showy Pageant, Glittering with Soldier Trappings, Amid a Crush of People. New York, April SO. The crush in tbo streets in the lower part of the city was so great, as the vast bodies of military contin ued to arrive at their appointed places, that it was found necessary to make a formal start somewhat earlier than-had been intended. This was done in order that the line might be lengthened out and got in marching order, thus relieving at onoe the pressure in the lower wards, aud placing the bead of the column in such a position that when the President reached the reviewing-staud he need be subjected to no delay. At precisely 10:25, General Schofield gave the order, and the greatest military parade of modern times started. From Pine street, the point from which the start was made, up Broadway as far as the eye could reach, the sidewalks were liter ally blockaded with people, while the windows, doorways and the roofs of the buildings were simply a mass of humanity. As the gorgeous pageant began to move up Broadway, all the patriotism in the mass. which bad been pent up now for many hours, broke forth. Cheers rent the Kir; handkerchiefs and banners held in the hands of the populace began waving, and New York and its many thousands of visitors were happy. The scenes along the first part of the lino of march almost beggar description. The crowd was, of course, largely made up of au outside element, quite foreign to New York and the ways of its metropolitan masses, hence there were many ludicrous incidents natural to the occasion, the crowd, however, nnder all its crushing and suffering, was marvelously good-natured, its sense of touch being apparently subor dinated by. or, more properly, drowned, in its excess of patriotic feeling. At 11 o'clock the monster parade had reached the turn at Warerly place. The City Hall and W averly place stands were packed almost to a degree of suffocation, a .1 anu numerous iicKei-noiaers were una Die to gain access to them, or, in many cases, eveu to cross the lines. The police regu lations were exceedingly strict, and no one was permitted to cross the lines unless for good reasons. Once crossed, it was another live-minutes' hard struggle to make one's way through the densely-packed thrones oh thejopposite side. Broadway, as far as the eyov could see, was a blaze of bunting and a sea of faces, window ledges. telegraph poles and lamp posts, private 6tauds without number, and every possiblv vantago ground vied with the sidewalk crowds in numbers. The tirst division of regnlartroops, cadets and the naval corps, who headed the lino evoked applause at various points along tne line, iu iact it must oe saia oi tne troops generally that they presented a tine appearance and. marched well. The Ohio regiments under Gov. Foraker were entitled to snecial commendation in thisTegard. That this was appreciated by New Yorkers was evident from the salvos of applause that greeted them all aUng tho line. At Broome street a careless military officer was thrown from his horse, but beyond a severe shakmz up. hesustamedno injuries. The dense thrones ami pressure, of course. caused nnmeious fainting tits along tho route of tht procession, but the sufferers were onicklv revived whan carried to a point where thev could obtain more air. At 11:05 the head of the column turned into the Waverly place arch, not having as yet been called upou to make room loi tne carmires of the PnMneiitiu party. So ere at was the crush about the subtreasury when the ceremonies there were completed, that it was with considerable difficulty that the police cleared the war for the President's carriage to Teach Broadwar. J nst before 12::) o clock the Presi dent and other honored guests of . the day

were driven past the City Hall stand, in open carriages. The knowledge that they bad started from the Kiib-treasnry, to take their places in the reviewing stand at Madi sou square, had been telegraphed along the line, and the military bodies had been drawn up in saluting columns on the east aide of Broadway. Sergeant Bevelie and his squad of twenty mounted officers rode ahead of the President's carriage The horses in a quick canter set the pace maintained tnroughout the entire route. President Harrison, in the first carriage beside Vice-president Morton, kept bis head uncovered, and nodded to the right and left in acknowledgment of the wild applause which greeted him all along the line. It was such a reception as never before went up from a gathering on Hroadvcay. or nnv other thoroughfare. Men shouted themselves hoarse, and waved their hats, while the ladies on the street, in windows, and on stands and vehicles of all descriptions, waved, flags, ribbons, bunting and handkerchiefs vigorously. The Cabinet otiicers and other honored quests were greeted with plaudits as they drove next in order, but the ovation accorded ex-President Cleveland was, at many points, more hearty than was received by the occupants of the first coach. Soon sifter the party drove out of sight, the procession again formed in marching order, and moved along. Washington square was simply a seething, hustling, bustling crow d of hnmauity. Aa the troops passed down Waverly place and up Fifth avenue, under the grand arch, the scene from the grand-stand was a magnificent one. The long line of eoldiers, with tneir trappings and trimmings glittering in the sun, looked like some vast river of humanity slowly moving on, and turning aside for nothing. As the troops tiled down and into Fifth avenue they were greeted with cheer after cheer. On up tho broad avenue passed the pageant with martial music and steady tread. Ladies

forgot torn buttons, torn dresses and dis ordered attire. They had come to see it all. and see it they intended to anyhow, lne avenue ofilered an excellent opportunity for the men to display their training, and they took advautagc to do it. Into Union square came the head of tho column. The troops niado a beautiful turn, and passing by tho 6tatue of the im mortal George, wound around the square like some huge gailv-coiored serpent, ana away once more to t nth avenue, andtnence toward the reviewing stand. I he huzzas of the people that were waited up the avenue on the wind, announced to tnose on tne stands at Madison squaro tue approach of the parade. A eouad oi mounted police galloped up with a loud A clatter, and cleared the crowds back: to the sidewalks. The scene at the squaro was a brilliant one. Ior fully two hours before the parade arrived tfie stands were occupied bv people wh'o had determined to bo patient, and thereby secure good seats. Company t,, of the beventh Kegiment, New York, patrolled in front of the stands, and kept loiterers on the move, in spector Byrnes, having as aids five captains, was in charge of the police arrangements, beiug in command of about live hundred policemen on the outskirts of the crowd. The hotel windows presented an attractive scene. They -were tilled in nearly every instance by beautiful women, and they did not need the additional glory of Hag decorations to enhance their attractiveness. The iloilman House, especially, made a splendid picture. A balcony had been erected on the root, and the entire building was gracefully festooned with flags and streamers. This was also true of the Albemarle, while the Fifth-avenue was simply out neatly aecoratea witn a tew flags and a draping of red, white and blue along the entire cornice. Delmonico's was a handsome sight. One of the business houses had the windows, froln roof to basement, festooned in smilax. A maa who bad certainly as tine a view as anybody, had perched nimself on top of the triumphal arch in front of the Fifth-avenue Hotel. Keeping company with Washing ton and his horse, he surveyed the spectacle as it passed beneath him. Among those who wandered around in the vicinity of the stands prior to the arrival of the pa rade was ex-Secretary bayard. The stand reserved for women and children was a re markable picture. Along its entire length of three blocks it was thronged, but not a man to bo seen. Such a large collection of women alone is rarely seen. REVIEWED BY THE PRESIDENT. ' General Harrison Kept Busy Returnrlng Sa lutes of the marchers Incidents. New York, April SO. -At 1 o'clock there was a stir about Madihon square, which in dicated the drawing near of the President and party. The soldiery had arrived at Twenty-second street, and were drawn up on either side, leaving an avenue through which the distinguished party could bo driven. Soon after 1 o'clock the carriage of the President drove up. Mayor Grant was with Jiini. Following wero Vice-president Morton, General Sherman and Senator Evarts. Ex-Presidents Cleveland and Hayes occupied another carriage. Chauncey Depew occupied a carriage with ArchBishop Corrigan. Tho Archbishop's face was wreathed with smiles ashe shook hands with Mr. Depew, alter the latter alighted, and he was then driven away. Inspector Byrnes shook hands with the Mr. Cleve land as the latter stepped from his carriage. On the stand President Harrison occupied the center. On his right was Gen. Sherman, and on his left Mayor Grant. To the left of the latter were ex-Presidents Cleveland and Hayes. Russell Harrison stood on an elevation a littlo back from his fa ther. But a few minutes elapsed after the arrival of the President's party when the military started. With hardly a halt, the great column moved on past the grand stand and it was twenty minutes past 6 o'clock five hours and twenty-five minutes after the start when the last of it ha d passed, and the President, was able to a i. a lilt nis ngiu arm, wuicn ior nve nours naa been constantly busy in answering salutes. He removed his hat when Gen.- Schoneld passed, as he did when the Governors rodo by. To the leaders of brigades, regiments, , i A 1 1 ana in instances, compauies, ne oniy touched his hat. There were two notable exceptions,' however, when in two in stances captains carried their swords in their left hands. Tho right coat-sleeves were emptv, and in recognition of this the President bowed profoundly and raised his hat. General Sherman, Mayor Grant, Secretary Windoni and Mr. Cleveland left long before the procession had passed. Throughout, the soldiery made a remark ably tine appearance. The Seventh New York wou its usual laurels. Pennsvlvama made one of the biggest turnouts. Gov. Hill rode his horse hke an old-timer, and was loudly cheered. Ovations were given also to most of tho Governors: Buckncr, of Kentucky, of "unconditional surrender" fame, being prominent among them. The Grand Army of the Republic came in at the end. aud were received all along the route with cheers and hurrahs, though nearly everyone who had viewed the long parade were thoroughly tired. From the Madison-square reviewiug-stand to the disbanding point at Fitty-seventh street the crowd was if anvthiug thicker than be low Twenty-third stret. As the hours wore on the crowd refreshed itself with fruit, sandwiches and temperance drinks purohased from venders who swarmed on every side. In one instance an enterprising truckman was shrewd enough to lay in a keg of beer, and be bitterly bewailed his short-sightedness in not putting aboard a dozen, when he found that his single keg lasted just twenty minutes. From the Common Council stand came a perfect rain of oranges to the tired soldiers whenever the column halted. Barrels and boxes to staud on brought from to 50 cents, and the seats on the trucks were often twice tilled, as the original purchaser became tired and forsook them. Many people brought chairs and camp-stools to stand on, nnd one longheaded individual carried a step-ladder about with him, which ho 5 laced wherever he pleased. Tho only raw back to his perfect enjoyment, was a constant effort on the part of the small boys to upset him. Tho stands in front of the various churches were well patronized. and from Fifteenth street up, where broad railings abounded, each house had half a hundred sight-seers clinging below tho stands bnilt above the railings. Accidents were exceedingly rare, although fainting spells were common euough. On the whole tho entire affair was most admirably managed. At r ifty-seventh street, where the parade was dismissed, the organizations tiled away both right and left, without any blocking worthy of mention. As each State's troops' staff reached the point, the commanders halted aud reviewed the sev

eral bodies, falling in again in the rear. The Grand Army posts reached the dismissing point at G:iO. TUE BANQUET AND SPEECHES.

THE II ALL. AND GUESTS. Unrivalled Decorations and Tables Glittering with Glasses The Seat of Honor. New York, April SO. The Metropolitan Opera-house was to-night the scene of the second chief event of the great centennial celebration and the theater of the greatest banquet possibly ever held within the recollection of man. Tho interior decorations of the now historical building excelled even the splendor and display of the ball celebration of the previous night. The stage and auditorium, connected in one continuous lloor, was tho foundation of over a quarter of a hundred tables, arranged in double horse-shoe fashion, with a seating capacity for eight hundred Nearly 8,000 wine glasses glittered at intervals along the array of tables, and 200 waiters, as well drilled as so many soldiers, stood ready to respond to the slightest wink of the diners. The tables were elaborately decorated. The chief steward, stationed at the President's chair, controlled an electric wire in communication with the chief cook, and at a given signal the huge congregation of diners started simultaneously with dinner. Each course, as to time of service, was regulated by electricity, thus avoiding the custom prevalent at public dinners of serving a portion of tho diners! with light wines, while the balance drink champagne. Theexpensoof the dinner is said to have been $35,000, the wine alone causing an expenditure of nearly Slfi.000. The bill of fare, in print, was eight inches long, and of French construction, being wound up with twelve varieties of wine and throe cordials. Over the President's seat, surrounded by flowing American llags, was suspended a huge picture of the face and bust,of Washington. At Mayor Grant's right hand 6at the President, and Governor Hill was on the Mayor's left. Next to the President sat Vice-president Morton. The others were Chief-Justice Fullor, General Schofield, Senator Evarts, ex-President Hayes, Bishop Potter. Secretary Proctor and General Sherman. On Governor Hill's sido were Lieutenant-governor Jones. Judge Charles Andrews. Admiral Porter, Senator Hiscock, ex-President Cleveland, Speaker Cole of the New York State Assembly, non. S. S. Cox, Clarence W. Bowen and Elbridge T. Gerry. Among the guests were ex-Seexctary Bayard, Chauncey 31. Depew. Hannibal Hamlin, Mayor Chapin of Brooklyn, Philip L. Livingston, Senator Higgins, A. Snow, J. J. Astor, Henry Clews, Austin Corbin, W. W. Astor, Mr. Stnyvesant, Hamilton Fish. Governor Foraker, A. M. Palmer, Kussel Harrison, Theodore Roosevelt, Secretaries Tracy and Noble. Postmaster-general Wanamaker and 8ecretarv Husk. It was a little after 11 o'clock when the President, escorted by Mavor Grant, entered the dining hall. They were followed by the Vice-president and Lieutenant-gov-enor Jones, of New York, and other distinguished guests of the Mayor's table. As the party walked down the main aisle of the auditorum all the assembled diners stootl up in recognitianof the President's arrival. and the band played "Hail to the Chief." TOASTS AND RESPONSES. Addresses by President Harrison, Ex-Presl-dents Cleveland and Hayes, and Others. New York, April SO. The President's party stood back of their chairs in the banquet-room, with bowed heads, while Bishop Potter made the opening prayer of grace, and tho dinner was begun at a signal from the banquet directors. It was announced that Secretary of State Blaine was unable to be present, and President Harrison's address, which was at the end of the list, was scheduled to replace Secretary Blaine's, which was half way down the toast list. At tho conslusion of the invocation Mayor Grant rose and read the list of toasts. Governor Hill was introduced as the lirst speaker, and he rose and welcomed tho guests. He said: "Welcome to all Citzlens, strangers, friends. Our display upon the ample waters of this harbor; our parades in the broad streets of this city; the rejoicings in this banqueting-hall, commemorate not only the fame of a great prince among men, but the nativity of a heavenborn republic among the nations of the earth. Generations yet unborn will share the glories and blessings of the government transmitted to us and them by our revolutionary sires. Tho sentiments of every true American are expressed in the hope that faction may not destroy; that pride may not undermine, and that sectionalism may not divide this fair Republic, but that its borders may still further be extended, its commerce may float on every sea, the stars upon its fli.g may be trebled; its free institutions may live on and flourish, and the libertyloving people may continue to work out the problem of self-trovernmeut so long as freedom it-self exists, and until time shall be no more. Keep. Clod, the fairest, the noblest land that lies beneath the sun our country, our whole country, and our country ever one. Ex-President Cleveland. Following Governor Hill's welcome, exPresident Cleveland was introduced, and responded to the toast Our People," speaking thus: The mention of a people may well suggest sober and impressive reflections. The subject was not beneath the divine thought when the promise was given to the children of Israel. "I will take you to Me for a people, or I will be to yon a (iod." This idea of divine relationship to a people is also recognized In the fervent utterance, "Yea, happy is that people whose God is the Lord." Wherever hnman government has been administered in tyranny, in despotism or in oppression there has been found among the governed yearning for a freer condition and the assertion of man's nobility. These are but tue faltering steps of human nature in the direction of the freedom which is its birthright, aud they presage the struggle of men to become a free pcoIile, and thus reach the plane of their highest and est aspirations. In this relation, nnd in their cry for freedom, it may bo truly said, the voice of the people is the voice of God. The influence of these reflections is upon me as I speak of those who, after darkness, and doubt, and struggle, burst forth in the bright light of independence and liberty, and become "our people free, fieternilned and confidentchallenging the wonder of the universe, proclaiming tho dignity of man, and invoking the aid and favor of Almighty God. In sublime faith and rugged strength, our fathers cried out to the world, "We, the people of the United States, m order to form a more perfect union, establish Justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our poateritv, ordain and establish this Constitution for the united States of America." Thus "our people," in a day, assumed a place among the nations of the earth. Their mission was to teach the fitness of man for self-government, aud their destinv was to outstrip every other people in national achievement and material greatness. One hundred years have passed. We have announced and approved to the world our mission and made our destiny secure. I will not tamely recite our achievements. They are written on every page of our history, and the monuments of our growth and advancement are all about us. But the value of these things is measured by the fullness with which our people have preserved their patriotism, their integrity and their devo tion to free institutions. If engrossed in material advancement, or diverted by the turmoil of business and activity, they have not held fast to that love of country aud that simple faith in virtue and enllehtenment which constituted the hone and trust of-our fathers, all that we have built rests upon lounuatious lnnm and weak. Alect ing this test we point to the scattered graves of many thousands of our people who have bravely died in defense or our national safety aud per petuity, mutely bearing testimony of their love of country ami to an invincible m ine host stand inc ready to enforce our national rights and protect our land. Our churches, our schools and universities. and our benevolent institutions, which beautify every town aud hnn:let, and look out front every hill side, testify to the value our people place upon religious teach'ng. upon advanced education, and upon deeds of charity. That the people .are still jealous of their Individual rights and freedom is rroved by the fact that no one in ulace or sower lia larpl odpiiIv to ftfteuil t)ini The enthusiasm which marks the celebration of the centennial of the inauguration of their first chief marUtrate. shows the topular appreciation of the value of the office. Which, In our plan of goTernme nt, Hands above all others for the severe Unity of the people, and is the repository of thir trunt, Hurely euch eoi le can t afely trusted with their free government, and there need be no fear that they have lost the Qualities which tit them to te its custodians. If thev should wander, they wfll return to duty in wod time. If they should be mbled, they will discover the true land marks none too late for safety, and if they f fconld even be corrupted, they will speedily le found seeking with peace ofler lcgs their country's holy altar. let us then have an abiding faith In "our people." I.et petulance nnd discontent with popular action disappear before the truth that in any, and all clreumstauces tho will of the people

however It may be exercised. Is the law of our national existence the arbiter, absolute and unchageable, by which we must abide. Other than existing situations or policies cau only Justify themselves when they be reached by the spread of political intelligence and the revival of unselfish and patriotic Interest in public affairs. Ill-natured complaints of popular incoin potency and self-righteous assertion of superiority over the body of the people are impotent and useless. But there is danger, I fear, that the scope of the words, "our ieople." and all the import are not always fully apprehended. It is only natural that those in tho various walks of life 6hould see "our people within the range of their own vision, and Xind Just about them the interests most Important nnd most worthy the care of the government. The rich merchant or capitalist, in the center of wealth and enterprise, hardly has a glimpse of the country blackMnith at his forge, or the farmer in his field: and these, in their turn, know but little of the laborers who crowd our manufactories and Inhabit their own world of toil, or of the thousands who labor in our mines. If re present Atives of every element of our population and industries should be gathered together, they would And but little of purely selfish and personal interest In com

mon; and, upon a superficial glance, but little would bo eea to denote that only one people was represented. Vet, ia the spirit of our institutions, all these, so separated in station and personal interests, are a common brotherhood, and are "our peofle," all of equal value before the law; all havng. by their suttVaye, the same voice in governmental all airs, all demanding with equal force protection and defense. Mid all, in their persons and proierty, equally eutltied to their government a scrupulous care. The diversity of our ltf-erests, though the source of boundless wealth and prosperity, has a tendency to press our people apart. This condition demands of us a counter iorce of liberality and toleration toward each other, and an enlightened regard for the condition of every individual who contributes to the aggregate of our national greatness. This aggregate, fostered and increased by united, earnest and unselilsa effort, will yield a full return for the individual enterprise and labor, without drying up the fountains of brotherly kindness and forbearance upon which the political health of our people depend. This centennial time, which stirs our pride by leading us to the contemplation of our tremendous strides in wealth and greatness, also recalls to our minds the virtues and the unselfish devotion to principle of those who saw the first days of the Kepubllc. Let there now be a revival of our love for the principles which our country represents; let there le at this time a new consecration to the cause of man's freedom and equality, and a quickened sense of the solemn responsibility assumed before the world by every man who wears the badce of "our people. The future beckons us on. lx-t us follow with an exalted and ennobling love of country and with undaunted courage. Though clouds may some time darken the heavens, they shall be dispelled, and we shall see the bow of God's promise set clearly in the sky, and shall read beneath it, blazing iu radiant characters, the words "Our people." Mr. Cleveland was warmly greeted, and gave way to Gov. Fitzhugh Lee, of Virginia, who responded to the toast "The States." Chief-Justice Fuller. ' "When the applause following Mr. Lee's remarks had subsided, Chief-justice Fuller was called to speak to "The Federal Constitution." Repeating the sentiment to tho toast, which was "Our Federal Constitutionthe consummation of all former political wisdom; the trust of the present; the guide for all coming nations George Bancroft," Mr. Fuller said: . It was, indeed, a consummation, the result not simply of the particular exigency, but of that gradual growth which, having its roots in the past, develops into the product that endures. The men of the conventiou knew that the realization of ideal ideas Is the work of time, and whatever speculative views of government, or of freedom they entertained, they did not attempt to carry them in expression to their logical conclusions. They had confidence that the :eneral princi pies thy accepted as fundamental, eing declared, might safely be relied on to work out the practical ends desired. Thev were familiar with the leagues, the confederacies, and the councils of the ancients: the associations of communities of more modern time; the great steps in the progress of Kuglteb liberty, from Magna Charta to the act of settlement, and still more thoroughly with the experience of the colonies and of the States, of the New Eugfand Confederation, the various congresses and the Confederation of the United States, a part of which they had been, while years of keen discussion of the science of government and ardent devotion to the cause of liberty bad stored their minds with doctrines and fitted them for their peat task. A union already existed, based on common origin and aims, but the ties that, bound the States together were too weak to compel that subordination of the supposed interests of one portion of the people to a line of action required by the actual interests of all. The destiny of the country was manifest If Its parts could be welded Into one, but tho problem to be solved ws how to accomplish this without sacrificing local independence, and so parting with liberty in exchange for power. In undertaking that solution they represented in themselves every shade of opinion, from intense faith in the ultimate good sense of the people, to large distrust of then capacity for self-government, and they were actually alive to ail the Jealousies, the passions and the conflicts of the hour. The selfrestraint they practiced m their own action was the self-restraint they sought to secure; and the spirit of compromise which finally harmonized then deliberations was the spirit of compromise which is the essence of all lasting human governments. To determine a form of government by written fundamental law was no novelty to them. The covenant of the Mayflower had set the example, and all the States but two then had. as all have now, constitutions defining the respective rights and duties of tho citizen and of the authority over him; but to fashion the instrument w hich was to create a nation out of tho people of free independent States, and, at the same time, lu terms to interpose barriers against the invasion of rights and reserve to the people and the 8tat.es, respectively, the powers deemed essential te their preservation, w ithout impairing the efficiency of the central authority, this demanded unequaled patience, sagacity, moderation and wisdom. That patience, that sagacity, that moderation, that wisdom, signally exhibited in general, was especially illustrated in his character and conduct whose inauguration we celebrate to-day, the swelling themeof the launching of the great Republic being well nigh lost in the recollection and contemplation of the virtues of Its first and grandest leader. To Washington's prophetic eye the glories of the future had long been unveiled, dependent for realization upon the success of statesmanship in the work of construction, entered on at his suggestion and carried to completion under his direction. Ills full anticipations be was not called on to disclose. The equable and steadfast tenor of his mind was exemplified in his wellknown exclamation: "Let us raise a standard to which the wise and honest can repair; the event is in the hand of God." Under such guidance, in that temper, with that reliance, the work went forward to its culmination in this masterpiece of pelitical science. The great English statesman declared it "The most wonderful work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and purpose, of man;" but. in its main features, it as much proceeded "from progressive history" as any governmental organization has ever seen. Like the action of nature, the forces had been accumulating before they buret into expression. The careful division of powers, the checks and balances, the representation of States ' and people, the safeguards against the exercise of aibitrary will, the immense power to protect, and the powerleesnes to oppress, were but Ibe concentrated results of prior experience, while the plan of a government absolutely soverign in its own sphere, leaving the States without a political superior in their own, was the natural outcome of the necessity of reconciling imperial sway over a vast extent of country to be peopled by coming myriads, with republican rule resting on the representative system, and the principle of local government for domestic purposes, fso Rubicon needed to be or was defined, to cross which was revolution, for a supreme tribunal was a part of the noble scheme, to which was committed the duty of determining when federal or fctate action exceeded the boundaries by which e.ich was circnmscriled. For the flexibility of unwritten constitutions there was substituted here not merely a mode of alteration when sanctioned as prescribed, but through the simple generality of the terms cmIdoyed, an elasticity enabling tbe fundamental aw to develop with the progress of the people, as the inexorable logie or events influenced its provisions, or judicial interpretation expanded them, not so as to impair the vital rule but to permit its adaption to the new conditions. Thus keeping face with theonwstd sweep of the empire which t rendered possible, this matchless instrument vindicates its title to immortalits". The conservative evolution that characterizes it has enabled it to pass the century since its birth, with its machinery, no cog or wheel displaced, still noiselessly and easily working; to receive direct amendment; to accept and absorb tberenltsof frequent coutruetion; to emerre from civil war, drawing new vigor iroin the strain to which it had been subjected 'Prr fiamna, prr rtrdeit, nh ijwo Ihtrit opf animuuiqne ferto." Well may the venerable historian, whoso rears nearly equal the life of tue Nation, describe tbe Constitution as not only the. consummation of political wisdom in tbe pact, but the truth of the preient; ami well may wo hope with him that coming nations will avail themselves of the teaching that its century of successful operntion afford, us will, we ttut. succeeding centuries of progress, and in the recognition of man's capacity to observe elf-imioed limitations, acceler ate the time when tbe whole world shall be wrapped in the ieace of one dominion. President Harrison. After the Chief-justice's address. President Harrison was introduced. As tho chief executive arose, to speak he appeared tired out and even paler than usual. Ho stood with bis bands on the back of bis chair, and spoke clearly and distinctly. He spoke to "The United States of Americ." as follows: Jlr. President and Fellqw-cltizens I should be unjust to my self, and, wLkt it la more serious, X

should be unjust to you. if I did not at this fiisj and last opportnnity xnres to you tbe dees sense of obligation and thankfulne which I feel for " theso nunr terwmal src

otlkial courtesies which have lecn extended to me since I came to take part 14 this celebration. A pp!atio. ) The official rer-rot sentatives of the St.itc of New ctx and of tall rrest city, have attended me with the moil courteous kindness, omitting no attention thai could make my slay among you pleasant and gratifying. From vou and at the bands of those who have thronged tbe streets of the city to-day, I have received tbe most cordial expressions of good will. I would not. nowever. nave you uauer stand that thee loud acclaims have been in an sense appropriated as a personal tribute to myself. I have realized tLat there was that In this occasion and all these iuteiest ing incidents which have mate it o prorounmy impressive to my mmq which was above and grehter than any living man. Applause. l have realize! uut tr. tribute of cordial interest which you havu manii fested was rendered to that great ofi.ee. w Lien bv the favor of a greater people I now excrclscf than to me. iApp;ane.i The occaidon and all of its incidents will b memorable not only in the history of your ova city, but In the history of our country. yewYork did not succeed in retaining the seat oi national government here, but though she mad liberal provision for the - assembling of tho first 1'oncre In the expec tation that tbe Congress might find its permanent home here: hut.though you lost that which you coveted. I think the representatives here of all the states will agree that It was fortu nate that the first inauguration of Washington, took place In the State nnd the city of w York. For where iu our country could the centennial of tbe event be so worthily cclebrat-d as herel What seaboard offered w macuificent a bay on which to display onr merchant and naval marine! What city offered thoroughfares so magnificent, or a jieople. so great, o generous, as New York has poured out to-day to eclchrata that event! I have received at the hands of the committee, who have been charged with the details oner ous, exacting, and too often unthankful of thil demonstration, evidence of their confidence la my physical endurance. (Laughter. I must also acknowledge ttill one other obligation. Tbe committee having in charge the ex " erciaes of this event have, also given me another evidence of tleir confidence, which has been accompanied ith some embarrassment. Ag I have nofced tlie progress of this banquet. It eemed to me that eaclt of the ieakers had been m.i.le acquainted with bis theme before he took bis scat at the banquet, and that I alone was left to make acquaintance with my theme when I sat down to the table. I prefer to ubtitute for th otlicial title which is hh the programme tho famili.tr and fireside cxnres6iou."Our Country . I congratulate you tonlay, as one of the in structive and interesting features of this occ sion. that these great thoroughfare dedicate! to trade have cloned their diors and covered njf the insignias of commerce; that your great exchanges have closed and your citizens given themselves up to the olwcrvaucA of tho celcbra tion in which we are participating. I believe that patriotism has leen intensified in many hearts iiy w hat we have witnessed to day. I lelieve that patriotism has tcen placed into a higher and holier fane m many hearts. Tbe bnutlng with which yon have covered your walls. thee patriotic inscriptions, must go down and the wase and trade be resumed again. Here may I not asls you to carry those Inscriptions that now baug oa the walls into your homes. Into the schools of your city. Into all of you great institutions where children aro gathered, and teach them that the eye of tha young and the old should look upon that flag ai one of the familiar glories of every American. Have we not learned that no stocks and bonds, nor land, is our countrv. It is a spiritual thought that is ia our minds it is the flag and what it Hands fort it is the fireside and the home; it li the thoughts that are in our hearts, bonx of the Inspiration which comes with tha fctory of the flag, of martyrs to liberty It is the grave-yard into which a common country has gathered the unconscious deeds of those who died that the thing might live wbicU we love and call our country, rather than any thing that can be touched or seen. Let me add a thought due to our country's fut ure. Perhaps never have we been so well equipped for war upon land as now, and we have never seen tbe time when our lcople were more smitten with tho love) of jeace. To elevate the morals of or peonlej to hold up the law as that sacred Ihiug which, like the ark of t;od of old. may not be touched bj irreverent hand, but frowns upon any attempt to dethrone its Mipremnry; td unite our people in all that makes home comfortable, as well as to give our energies in tha direction of material advancement, this ervica may we. render. And out of this great demon stration let us draw lessons to inspire us to consecrate ourselves anew to this love and servuo of our country. The next toast was "The Senate," to which Hon. John W. Daniel responded. His remarks were an analysis of thi Senate's position in the frame-worlc of government, and he held that as the rep resentative of the equal powers of th$ States it formed the keystone of the gov-, ernmeutal arch. Ex-Pref-Ident Hayes. Following Senator Daniel was the response by ex-President Hayes to "The Prcs iaency." as follows: Mr. President and Gentlemen In this city, in 183'., on the fiftieth anniversary of the inauguf ration of Washington as President, John tmim v Adams delivered a memorable discourse. In it he set forth what be deemed the true principles of the Constitution on the then unsettled question of the relation letween the States and th general government. - With a fullness of in lor matiou which perhnjs no other man could mar hal. and with a faultless logic, he showed that the Declaration of Indeiendence, in terms ant In fact, was the act of a single people dwelling in thirteen colonies, but who, united together, out of a decent respect to the opinions of man kind, declared the causes which impelled then as "one people to disM)lve the political baud which had connected them wlili another.' lie fchowed tha the Articles of Confcdera. tlon departed from tho firm and suto concord with which incleiendeiice was declared, and "relaxed their union iut a mere league of friend hip lietween tovereigtt and lndeicndent States." lu plte of the do fects of the Artie les of Confederal ion, 1h spiris of liberty and the popular impute to unity carried the Americans through the warjas one peo pie, and the cause of independence was triumph ant. But now came the gravest ieriU. Th danger of conquest by liritlsh deiotltn removed, "the union languished," says Mr. Adams, "to the iM)int of death." "There was," be saysi "avowedly, no executive power." Indeed ht went further, and declared that "the one united people had no government." and he was altogether right. Where there is no executive iower, whatever else there maybe, there is no govern ment. Hence, when the fathers met in that great convention which Washington suggeeted, and which h In truth, more than any other man, called into being, no more difficult or weighty5 duty devolved uion them than wisely to constU tute the chief magistracy tlie presidency fo the republic they were about to establish. "ow, what shall be aid of their workl Fpeak lug under the necessary limitation of tbisocca feion one must avoid details and all attempt to elaborate discussion. 'o candid and intelligent retrospect of the century that is gone will fail to discover transcendent merit in the executive au thority contrived by Washington. Hamilton Madison and their immortal associates. Tha tree is known by its fruit, llxperience has shown that in ordinary times the executive jKiwer is of no greater importance ierhaps it is lesH vital -1han the lrgibitive or Judicial wer. Indeed, so happily constituted is the presidency that we must s;ty of each of the. twenty six prcs ideutial elections under the Constitution, thai either candidate might have been elected, ana the good citizen, whose partisan feeling waf stronge st aud whoe disapjioiutment was bitten est. could reioKe on bis pillow consoled by the reflection, "Although my party is lcateu iu country is safe." Is ft not true that our executive authority is so fashioned that in ordinary times it has always been so administered that the Kepubllc has received no detriment! When gigantic perils and disasters threaten; w hen extraordinary cnaraeter and power are demanded, tbee greut occasions have always found strong hands to deal with them. To pilot tb untried government in its first voyage over an unknown and tormyw-.a, without a whiper of dissent In ary quarter, Washington was called to the helm, and iiiider him tha first voyage gave the world assurance thstt tlie prospect of the new (nation for growth, and power, and prestige, and happims was unmatched by that of any people tbe world bad been before. Only twice within the century since onr government was established has deadly peril seemed to draw near Ut the people of the United Suites, At the beginning, as we have seen, armed with the orderly ami clearly-expressed iviwers of the presidency, the threatened dan ter was met und overcome by Washington. Agaiu, us we were approaching the middle of tbe second hair century of tho Constitution, It djd seem as if we were drifting na3. as if we were swept on townrd destruction. Our friends in other laud the few we bad -lost bo. John llriht was almost alone nmonz tbo great statesmen" with bis inspiring confidence, t-.ver h!esed lb America shall be the memory of John i:ritfht. Those not our friends, and t-t not quite our enemies, sbtRik their heads and thought it strange that we could not mm the i:ie liable) end. Our enemlen abroad. Jubilant lievondexrression, declared tbe bubble ICepuoiie burst, n that dread time to what department of our government did we !iokt ' he judc , calm, iiuiMrtial and wise could interpret tbe t'4ntitutnn and the laws. Hut tiie sectiomii pusion and madness of the hour, would It heed hi:nl Tho hvnator. far-eeing. patriotic and solicitous bat laws coi:ld be ro)Hse to meet tbe urgut need of the time! Iu tLe hti-la!lve hills, t in tho court-rooms. eery where was dearly wnt u tl.e awful sentenee, i er arma Itgr lutho mld-d of Mar the laws pre silent." Happily fof America, in conformity with tho Cobdtution, and by the gr&viou. favor of I'ruvtdenee. tha presidency of ibe United Mates wu held by Abraham Lincoln. We can truly say of the presidency that the rftiilts of tweuty-Uve conseeutive terms bve vti dicated the wisdom of the fathers who estnb" lishedit. Of tv.euty-two term there aretwa things which may le said: One is that uo irreaft remiduVss liarw came through the executive owi r to ibe people it was intended totervo, lie other is that IX no eouueut hitorital beattf