Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 October 1888 — Page 4

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V v THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 7. 19.8.8 TWELVE PAGES.

THE SUNDAY JOURNAL.

SUNDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1883 T7ASHINGTON OFFICE 513 Fourteenth St T.S, Bxath. Correspondent. HET7 TORU OFFICE 101 Temple Court, Corur Ewkmn and Kmiii street. TTB3IS OF SUBSCRIPTION. PATLT. Otx tmt, without Sunday.. ....-...-..$12.00 On year, with Sunday- I4.0O lx months, without Sunday C.00 Six months, wit Sand.-.. 7.00 Tare month, without Sunday... ....... 3.00 Three months, with Sunday 2.50 Ob month, without Sunday............. 1.00 On month, with Sunday.................... 1.20 WIXXLT. Fr year. fLOO Seduced Rates to Clubs. Subscribe with any of our numerous agents, or end rabftcriptioci to THE jfOUBNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY, 1XDIAN.1POLIS. lXD. TZCB ISOIANAPOUi JOURNAL Can be foua d at the following places: ' L0KD02J American Exchange In Europe, 449 Strand. , PARIS American Exchange in Paris, 33 Boulevard dm Capueinea. KZCT TORE GQxey House tad Windsor Hotel. PHILADELPHIA A. P. Kemble, 3735 Lancaster avenue. CHICAGO Palmer House. CTK ATI J. P. Hawler A Co 154 Tine street. I LOUISVILLE C T. Deering, northwest torner Third and Jefferson street. ' t;J ST. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot and Southern Hotel. WASHINGTON, D. aBiggs House and Zbbitt House. Telephone Calls. Business 0ee 238 Xditorial Rooms 212 TWELVE PAGES. n mm smai nan v rnMH nasa nminm i iih irirrn " lntlesi of any Sunday vaier In Indiana. Frloe flva cents. THE PILGRIMAGES TO HABEIS03T. The Beaten Herald derives comfort from . the fact that tho correspondent of tho New York San does not find the daily pilgrimages io Harrison all that his fancy had painted them before his arrival in Indianapolis. What the exuberant imagination of the Son man had pictured the Journal does not know; but if he hat, allowed it to soar beyond the boundaries of the facts and figures as stated from day to day in this paper and the Associated Press reports, no one 13 responsible but ' himsolL There has been no desire on the part of tayene to OTerstate the facts or to magnify the extent of the demonstrations; there htt been no "working up" or visiting delegations by any persons connected with , ih Republican management On the conhas been made to limit their number and to regulate them as to time in order to spare General Harrison as much, as possible. It has proved to be matter beyond the control of committees and managers. The people have shown a . determination to come and greet the Republican candidate, and the candidate has evinced 3 hearty willingness and desire to respond to their demands in the matter of speech-making and hand-shaking. If, as the Sun correspond ent cays, many of the visitors are Democrats, m vaes it matter Democrat'1 more Si5ii"Vb!coru and sx f are welcome far from de tracting from the significance of the demonstrations, their presence seems, to the unbiased observer, rather to add to it However far the delegations may fall short of Democratic correspondents' expectations, such exhibitions of personal interest in a presidential candidate have never been equaled in the history of the country. They are entirely satisfactory to Republicans as they are, and sufficiently formidable to excite the alarm and rage of Democratic managers. OUE HEW FUEL- " Residents of Indianapolis are now nnder: going a novel experience one attended with some unpleasant features but the climax of which is joy. This experience relates to the bringing of the new fuel, natural gas, into their dwellings. The history of one household is the history of hundreds. The eager citizen anticipating the laying of mains past his premises, has perhaps had his house piped in readiness while yet the summer sun shone hot The days grow short, tho nights chill, and yet the trenches do not approach his street He begins to fret; he fumes; he considers the awful possibility that he maybe doomed to coal for another season; he consul' with his neighbors and displays temper; he remonstrates with thesis company meekly but anxiously. At list, as he is about to abandon hoyeTa-detachment of laborers with -fhovela makes its appearance; the tch is dug and the pipes are laid in short order. He feels that he shall soon be happy; but alas, he is wrong. There is more delay; other mains, miles of them, must be laid before his supply pipe can be tested. Finally this is done, and he waits expectantly for the company to connect his house with the street He waits long and wearily, The company does not come nor send; it and its employees are busy elsewhere. In the meantime frost does come, and cold rains and other premonitory symptoms of winter. If, in premature and misplaced confidence in his fellow-men, the citizen has had the pipes attached to his furnace and grates, discomfort reigns in his home. He wears his eavieat coat as he sits by the evoning lamp; his w4 and daughters go about the house wrapped in shawls or hover over the one oasis, the kitchen fire. There is a period of shivering and influenza, He grows desperate; he Hsieges the company's office; he tries soft words and gets fair promises; the promises are not kept He goes again and imprecates, and aTain the promises are made and again broken. After repeated trials he ceases to have faith in his kind, and would decline to accept without bends the word of his wife or his pastor for an agreed performance. Finally, when the -uttermost limit of endurance is reached, the company's long-looked-for emissaries appear. S""an hour the work is done for which he has waited such weary weeks, and over which he has suffered such wear and tear of soul. If he rrzi one of the r&sh ones who had his N "r-iia plumbing done early, his agony is now -ica the contrary, he was cautious and v j-rctbion for coal fires during a possible -rrJ cf .delay, he has yet a round to unr. 1th the plumljW The plumber agrees

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to come at an early hour to make the final attachments; the plumber lies; he does not come; he is an illusire, a deceitful, a mendacious plumber. The citizen pleads, he threatens, he becomes dangerous, and when he is on the point of committing a violent assault the artisan relents; he does the work with the air of conferring an inestimable favor; the misery is over and the citizan has gas. With gas begins the season of bliss; past discomforts are forgotten; the end has crowned the work; the reward outweighs the penance. The family revels in gas. Winter, with its earlyrising and its struggle with reluctant fires, no longer has terrors for the master of the house.' A simple twist of the wrist and the turn of a screw take the place of the old, soul-trying routine. The "lady of the house" goes to the kitchen and cooks breakfast for pure -enjoyment of the task, and rejoices over the absence of coal, and ashes, and dust The boy of the family has no more kindling to cut no mc-e coal to carry, and is glad. It is the beginning of a new era. The citizen, with his good humor restored, goes out with compla cent manner and sympathizes obtrusively with his neighbor who is less fortunate than himself. "It is a great thing," he says, "this gas; you ought . to have itn and so says the Journal to all its readers. It is a great thing.

LIVING HERE AND ABROADThe "burden of the tariff," on which Democratic orators so pathetically enlarge, is, as General Harrison has pointed out, a burden so little oppressive that the bearer finds difficulty in realizing its existence. Even after impassioned free-trade missionaries have demonstrated to their own satisfaction that the load is there, the objects of their tearful sympathy are apt to reflect that the weight so lightly borne that it cannot be felt is not the greatest of misfortunes. When they go abroad and try a residence in a free-trade country where no iniquitous tariff is, they are confirmed in this opinion. An example in point is the case of the widow of a laboring man who formerly lived in Indianapolis, . and later in New Albany. After the death of her husband she took her family of five children and returned to the home of her childhood in Scotland, under the impression that she could live and maintain them there at less expense than in this country. She 'had no -taxable property, and she was fxee. of course, from oppressive tariffs. She found, however, certain expenses imposed upon her which she had not been required to meet in this country. Some of them were as follows: Poliee taxes per year .................. 1 54 4d Toor rates per year s 7d Schooling fur boy per year 1 t Schooling for boy per year X 1 Schooling for girl per year lGs Total 4 15a lid After an experience with this system this Scotch-American woman reached the conclusion that with taxes of this sort and with food dearer than in America it was the part of economy to return to the "States," where even a voter, without property, has only polltax to pay; where a widow's household goods are exempt from taxation, and where the inestimable blessing of freo schools exists. In addition to the taxes mentioned, she was required to pay water rates to tho amount of 8s Cd; gas for her bou9e, a flat, 17s, and gas for stair-head, 2s 9d. As a bit of individual experience, the case of this woman, who is now in this city, i3 more convincing than columns of argument concerning tho blessings of free trade. She found, as others find on giving the matter a trial, that while there may be no tariff with its imperceptible weight, there are heavy specific taxes, which are far more oppressive, and that there are no compensations in the way of cheaper food and rents. The closer they are approached the less attractive are free trade and ib accompaniments. IBS 1IAE2IAGE SEASON. About this time of year look out for what the reporters call "brilliant social events' in the shape of fashionable weddings. Marriage, like death, has all seasons for its own, but the society young woman is apt to choose between the months of June and October for the celebration of her entrance into matrimony. The matter of "previous engagements has something to do with the selection of these particular months. If tho conquest of the eligible young man is the result of a winter's campaign, Jane is a convenient time for tying the legal knot As a general thing, however, June is chosen purely as a matter of sentiment. The girl who elects to be married then is apt to do so because it is the month of love and roses, of poetry and of romance. Novel heroines are commonly married in June; poets celebrate June brides as they do those of no other month. Who knows of any verses which recite the praises of a woman married in August or January, or even October? There was a time when this first month of summer was . the favored one,, but -now- the. longer-' list of wedding those weddings, as before mentioned, which are , spoken of in the paper as "events' is in October. The October bride is a practical person; if there is any sentiment in her make-up it is subordinated to circumstances and sense. She might as a mere abstract preference, incline to June; but there are other things to consider and one of these is the trousseau. An elaborate trousseau and if she can get it what right-minded young woman would have anj other? is simply wasted on a June bride. The social season is closed; her friends have scattered or are about to scatter to sea-side and mountain; there are noieceptions, no parties, no places to wear her handsome gowns in ' the heat of summer which follows her wedding and what glam our of roses and romance can atone for this . deprivation? When autumn comes her gowns are still new, to be sure, but ' other brides with newer toilets overshadow her glories. The thoughtful young woman with an eye to the future believes it wiser and more satisfactory to begin married life with the social season. The obtuse male mind cannot grasp ail the reasons which move her to this conclusion, nor understand thoroughly the nature of the gratification which she derives from the formal acknowWgment by her friends of her new dignities; Nevertheless, to her the pleasure is great To her there is joy unspeakable in proper social recognition, and as an Octo

ber bride she is sure to get it As all the

world loves a lover, so all the world looks kindly upon the young wife, but it is she who acquires that distinction in October , who receives most attention. Whenever she dawns upon the social horizon she is welcome, but in the season which is now opening she shines with especial luster. THE "WHITECHAPEL MUELEES. The Whitechapel murders will be memora ble and historic among the mysterious trage dies and crimes of London. In its long his tory there have been many such, as there are in the history of all great cities, but the cir cumstances of this case make it peculiarly tragic and memorable. The number of mur ders, evidently perpetrated by the same hand, the apparent lack of motive, the horrible mutilation of the victims and the impenetrable mystery that surrounds the dreadful affair, all combine to make the case conspicu ous in the annals of London crime. Notwith standing its horrible and repulsive features there is an element of fascination in a mys tery which leaves so much scope for the im agination. It seems incredible that a professional murderer could so completely baffle the united efforts of the best-trained detectives in the world, evade and outwit the police and escape the vigilance of the great London public If a novelist had represented such a series of murders to have been committed in the heart of London, and the murderer still at large, it would have been regarded as an overdrawn and impossible narrative. But here it is in fact There is a kind of horrible fascination in wondering what sort of person the murderer is, what is his nationality, color, occupation, antecedents, etc Is he sane or a monomaniac? What is his motive or object? What sort of deadly weapon does he use? By what steps has he reached the point of committing these bloody murders? Where does he hide by day, or does he hide at all? Perhaps he walks the streets, cr drives a cab, or keeps a shop, or passes among his neighbors as an Jionest tradesman. Perhaps he is a lawyer, doctor or preacher. We say he; perhaps it is a woman; who knows? The complete mystery that surrounds the case in vites the wildest flights of imagination. Another notable feature of the case is the general alarm which the murders have caused. The great city of London, with its 5,000,000 people and 14,000 police, is panic-stricken. One person, and he, perhaps, an x imbecile, or a cripple, or a cowardly ha man cur, has thrown the greatest city in the world into a state of genuine terror. Not one of the lives destroyed was of the slightest value, and London was better off without than with them; yet London trembles when it wonders who may be the next victim of the unseen, unknown, mysterious murderer who strikes in the dark, and strikes to kill. When the mystery is solved, if it ever is, it will then become a plain, repulsive crime, and cease to be interesting. MINOR MENTION. Most parts of this little earth of oars have been pretty thoroughly explored, but there are some places and people that we know very little about. The United States man o!-war Mohican has recently returned to San Francisco from a three years' cruise in the south Pacific, during which she visited Easte? island, located about two thousand miles southwest of Chili. A glance at the map or globe will show that to be in a part of the South Pacific ocean which is very little frequented by gentlemen's yachts or family picnics. In fact the Mohican was the first United States man-of-war that ever visited Easter island. The island embraces about hirty square miles, and has a population of less than two hundred human beings on it The Mohican found a history of the island and its people, written in lingular hieroglyphics, on stone and bark, and some of these, with many views which were photographed, were brought away, and will be shipped from San Francisco to the Smithsonian Institution, The island pojsessee but little soil, being eovered mostly by.Ji glassy cinder such as formed by volcanic action. The people live on fish and f rui t and are singular in their appearance, their skin being of an ashy hue. But even in their out-of-the-way place the universal Yankee was found in the person of a man named Williams, a native of Massachusetts, who drifted there in some nnaccountable way from a whaler cruising in the Southern ocean. Williams married a native and refused to leave the island with the Mohican, saying he expected to spend the rest of bis life in the unknown land among an unknown people. It seems passing strange that a native of the United States should be willing to spend his days on an island of the Pacific where he ean never enjoy the excitement of a presidential campaign. Ovxn twenty-five thousand women registered themselves in Boston, last week, for the purpose of voting at the county eehool election. Each applicant was compelled to make out certain papers, swear to the truth of her statements, and then pay 50 cents, the assessors fee. In doing this there was no surface indication that the ladies were moved by a political impulse as far as the national parties were concerned, bnt the rivalry took the shape of a struggle between Protestants and Catholics. On the closing day each side employed "ruoners" who scoured the eity for votes,while scores of volunteers assisted in filling out blanks for their uninitiated sisters. Some of the Protestant volunteer scribes ap peared in the morning with little flags in their button-holes, but not to be outdone the Catholics went out and got some flage of the same kind, only larger, and still later they appeared with red, white, and blue rosettes, thns com pletely robbing the Protestants of any advantage they might have gained by the use of the national colors. An interesting colored resident of Augusta, Ga., is Lucius Williams, one of the cargo of the Wanderer, the last slave ship to bring to this country a load of captives from Africa. He was born In Guinea, and when ten years of age was captured by slave-hunters, who took him to Li beria, where for the first time in his life he saw a white man. Um walla, as he was then called, tells his story in a quaint way. He, with a large number of others, were chained in the hold of the vessel, and were rarely permitted to take ex ercise. For days the hatches would be fastened down, causing many of the slaves to die for want of fresh air. When the Wanderer approached the South Carolina coast she was chased by a government boat, but dropped anchor during the night and landed her cargo off Pocatallgo. There are several more negroes in the vicinity of Augusta who were brought over in the same ship, and they frequently meet , at Williams' house and converse in the language of their native country. Lt English countesses and duchesses take Dr. W. A. Hammond's hint they will not be caught out after dark. The Doctor is of the opinion that the Whitechapel murderer thinks he is do ing a service by killing depraved women, and that it may presently occur to him to remove womtu in high life whom he believes are of that

class. "It wonld not surprise me," says Ham-

mood, "if the next victim were a countess or a duchess." This is not a pleasant sngsestion to the nobility, but if it serves to prevent their evisceration they ought not to complain. Rev. Father D. J. Sullivan, who died of yellow fever at Tampa, Fla,, recently, was a noted priest. He was born in Cork, Ireland, and entered the priesthood at the ace of .twentythree. He was chaplain to a regiment which was part of General Gordon's forces in the aeige ot Khartoum, and it is claimed that he was the last person who saw the famous General alire. The yooo priest was also a participant in the Zulu campaign and gained a gold medal for bravery. He was present at the capture ot Cetewayo, the Zulu king, and when be returned to England with bis regiment Queen Victoria honored him with an audience and decorated him with a medal. . Next, Father Sullivan became priest of the Isle of St. Helena. He took great interest in the place and wrote its history. He also made a tour of the old world and had an audi ence with tne Pope, after which he was placed in charge of several churches in New Jersey, and later volunteered his services in Florida, when tl$ epidemic broke out. A woman bearing; the remarkable name ot Voltairine DeCleyre, is taking a prominent part in the "Secular Union Congress at Pittsburg. The object of this organization is to abolish all religious services from the Congress of the United States, the army and navy, and other government departments, to seoure the repeal of all Sunday laws, and all laws enlorcine "Christian" morality. A careful study of Hiss Voltairine s name leads to the conclusion that her peculiar and reprehensible views are largely a matter of heredity. Younq farmer Larkin, of Sand Lake, N. Y., who killed himself because none of the girls in the neighborhood would marry him, was per haps justified in the act, since a man whom no woman will marry must necessarily be ot little account. He, however, deserves a vote of thanks for having broken the record of rejected lovers by killing himself, rather than the girls. Had he followed tne growing custom the rest of the population would now be holding joint funeral services over the marriageable women of Sand Lake. The librarian and secretary of Sbakspeare'e birth-place thicks he has found fragments of a missing Shakspearean drama, called "Irus," in a book of dramatio quotations of the time of Elizabeth. The title is found on a page headed "PL Shaksp." Mr. Savage thinks he detects "an unmistakable Shakspearean ring'' in various passages as for example: "The faults of many are buried in their humor," "Your heart is greater than your person;" "Dearer than the pomegranate of my eye," etc Mr. Savage is re garded as 9 little impulsive. Washington is a city of badges. Firemen, polieemeo, watchmen, hack-drivers, messengers, and government employes of many departments wear some sort of insignia, and now the newspaper reporters will be equipped with metal tags to indicate their calling. This aetion ia taken by the District commissioners, who find it necessary to relieve the public from annoyance in the way of journalistic impostors. Bkooklin society is agitated over the mar riage, last week, cf a wealthy old sea captain to his German servant girt The captain is stone blind and seventy years of age, while his bride is six feet tall, correspondingly broad, and just out of her t?ena. The captain children are about to take steps to annul the proceedings, no doubt for the sake of the $100,000 the old man is squandering on his unseen help nxet A Nebraska pond, fed from th waters of hot springs, bss been discovered to be alive with carp. In some portions of it, where the water bubbles up from the bottom, the tem perature nearly reaches the boiling point but the flesh of the fish ia said to be hard and palatable. The carp probably belong to the class known as the leather variety. Joseph Jefferson, the actor, is now fiftyeight years old and hat; never voted in his life. but now announces an intention of voting for Cleveland. Mr. Jefferson seeins to have ac quired some of the qualities of Kip Van Winkle in long playing of the part. An American who wakes up to politics after a sleep of forty years would naturally be expected to unite with the fossilized Democracy. Mrs. Hcth Hall, of Walliogford, Conn., was buried, last week, in a cradle that rocked her to sleep seventy-tour years ago.' From early child hood she had expressed a desire to be buried in it, and three years ago she gave au undertaker the job ot transforming the cradle into a coffin. After it was finished the kept it in her room, taking pains to exhibit it to all her visitors. Speaking of women in politics, have you seen a handsomer turnout this season than the uniformed "Carrie Harrison' Club," from Blufftonl The man who failed to admire that club betrays the possession of a soured temper and a depraved inclination to vote for Cleveland. Even the most bigotoi opponent of equal suf frage must if he is a supporter of Harrison, have felt a pang of regret that the enthusiastie band of women from Blackford county could not cast a vote for the President of their choice. J. J. T., Fai rmount: The salary of letter-car riers is $C00 for the rt year, $S00 for the second, and $1,000 for the third. They are appointed by the postmaster, and the local office employs forty-six. It ean hardly bo supposed that a joke is con cealed in the delivery by Pennsylvania Baptists to humorist Burdette of a license to preach, but the fact that the license issues from Bustleton gives rise to suspicions. To toe Editor of tne Indianapolis Joarnal: What proportion of the population of the United States lives in cities and bow does the proportion eom pare with the city population of other countries? header. ClTT. Somethiog depends on what is called a city. In Eurone, for the purpose of classifying the population the statistical congress recommended the number 2,000 as the minimum limit for a city population. On this basis the percentage of cities with whole populations was in Holland, 80 per cent; in Belgium, C4 per cent.; In Ger many, 41 per cent.; in Switzerland, 44 per cent; in Great Britain and Ireland, 53 per cent Later statistics for England and Wales show that in 1831, CGI Per cent of the population were living in cities of 3,000 inhabitants and over. London alone containa 14 per cent, of the total popula tion of England and Wales. In the United States the increase of city population has been very rapid, bnt it still falls considerably below the European average. In 1SS0, 2'J per cent of our population were living iu cities of 8,000 and over, and 2G per cent, in places of 4,000 and over. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Joarnal: Is there a law requiring postmasters to stamp letters (received)i 11 1 ram Tucker. Gilman, Ind. Section 405 of the postal laws and regula tions provides that postage stamps affixed to all mail matter or the stamped envelopes in which the same is enclosed shall, when deposited for mailing or delivery, be defaced by the postmaster. Section COO, which is probably the one to which you refer, requires that all mail matter (except second class) deposited in any post-ofiice for mailing or delivery must bear a postmark giving the name of the post-office and an abbre viation of the neme of the State; and all letters received from other offices for delivery or re-dis tribution must be post-marked on the reverse

side with the date and, when possible, the hour

on which they are received. To the Cditor of the Indianapolis Journal: How can a person enter the regular armr. who apply to and where? Rkadeb. New Manchester, Ind. Recruiting oCicers are stationed in neatly every large city. The only one in this State at present we believe, is at Evansville. Recruits must be able-bodied and between the ages of sixteen and thirty-five years at the time of their enlistment breakfast-table chat. Pckdita Ramabai is new lecturing to the people of the Pacific coast - Mrs. Win field S. Hakcock will return to Washington the latter part of this month. Mr. Yan Phon Lee, the Chinese alumnus of Yale, will make his home in San Francisco. English novelists are having hard luck. Wal ter Besant has writers cramp and Wilkie Collins is seriously ill. Miss Virginia McTavish, now in Europe, de nies with scorn the report that she is engaged to be married to the D eke of Norfolk. James Wiiitcomb Rilkt's volume of poems, "Afterwhiles," has had great success, and 4.000 have just been printed. New York Grapic The Methodists of Omaha will welcome Bishop Newman to hie new home among them with a great public banquet on Monday evening. Wm. E. Gladstone is arranging and tabu lating his correspondence in chronological order. It is an immense task, and no man but Glad stone would think ot attempting it at his age. Ladt dentists are rapidly increasing their number and incomes in Philadelphia, and those who have been under their bands say they have a way of mitigating the terrors ot the forceps that is very comfortable. Miss Lelia J. Robinson was the first Massa chusetts lawyer. The second is about to be ad mitted to the bar. Miss Mary A. Green has passed btr examinations, and soon becomes a member of the Suffolk county bar. Two young Germans in Berlin fought a duel with tricycles. Starting at 300 yards apart they charged full tilt against each other, with slight injury to themselves and serious hurts to their machines. 1 heir honor was satisfied. Another Chinese belle has arrived in New York. Her name is Mrs. Leon A. Dan, and her husband is one of the partners in the Wokee Company. She is only sixteen years old and has feet an inch and a half long by half an inch io width, wbich are encased in neat and beautifully-wrought red satin shoes. The Rev. Francis Jayne, the new Bishop of Chester, England, is a large, stalwart man, of remarkably youthful appearance. He wears no beard or mustache, but cultivates a long, curly lock or flaxen hair, which falls over his forehead a la Disraeli. His wife is a handsome woman of the Spanish type. They have a large family. The'salary of his bishopric is $21,000 a year. The dauehter of the King of Shoe has re cently married the eldest son of King John of Abyssinia, with a splendor unparalleled in modern ceremonies. The crown worn by the bride is regarded as the one which decked the head of tne Queen of Sheba. According to the native records, it has been in tbe possession of the Ethiopian kiogs for twenty-five centuries. The newly-appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from Persia, his Excellency Hodji Hossem-Ghooly Kahn. aeeompanied by an interpreter, private secretary and valet arrived in Washington on Monday. He is a small, etrongly-built man, about five feet four inches in height, with a dark mustache and tbe peculiar olive complexion common to Ori entals. The Rev. Franeis Jayne, the new Bishop of Chester, England, is a large, stalwart, man of re markably youthful appearance. He wears no beard or mustache, but cultivates a long, curly lock of flaxen hair, which falls over his forehead a la Disraeli His wife is a handsome woman of tbe Spanish type. They have a large family. The salary of his bishopric is $21,000 a yea.. The Czar of Russia is a zealous angler. He has constructed in Finland, near the Imatra cataract, says the London Star, a little lodge, very pliln, and containing only three small roomstwo bed-rooms for himself and the Czarina, and the third'for the Grand Dukes. It is here that the Czar fishes for salmon. Tbe Czarina acts as cook, and the Czar himself goes to the stream to letch the water she requires. Munemitsc Mctsu, Japanese minister to this ceuntry, has a very interesting family. Ilia wife is a pretty woman, refined and well-informed, but ahe does not yet attempt to speak English. Mutsu himself is a highly-cultured man, has traveled extensively, and has a vein of originality which adds piquancy to his conversa tion, lie is quite a linguist, and can speak our langunce with tolerable flueney. . He and his wife have made a good impression in Washing ton, and are rapidly becoming popular in society. Elia Viassiroff is the name of the famous Bulgarian brigand whose band has been making things lively in that country of late. He is a man of medium size, with broad shoulders, hoee black mustache, and a hand as white and soft as a woman's. He wears a picturesque cos tume, and is never without a cigar or cigarette in his month.. Ho is 'devoutly religions, and holds services in -the forests and mountain passes. He is said to kill a captive in the politest manner imaginable. Altogether he is a grand villain. Miss Annie Crawford, the pretty young daughter of the deputy collector of the port of New Orleans, received recently a unique present which is the source of envy to her many friends. Captain Wallace on his last voyage to Mexico secured it for the young lady. It is nothing less than one of those much-taiked-of live beetles which are worn aa ornaments, lt baa a gold harness, worn over the national colors, red, green and blue, to which are attached a gold chain and pin, which fasten tbe bug to the wearer's dress, where it roams at will Rotten cork and wood forms its diet H. Rider Haggard is one of the few fortun ate novelists who do not have to depend upon their books for support He married a Norfolk (England) heiress, who is owner of Ditchingham Manor, on the edge of the Bath hills. In a corner room of the fine old house, which is over run with roses, clematis and jasmine, Haggard concocts and writes his popular yarns. He wears a free-and-easy costnme, w h Knicker bocker breeches and a bobtail jacket. He smokes a briar-wood pipe and, like most literary men, finds great consolation in tobacco. His home is filled with curiosities. "America sent this year her usual contingent to Homburg," says London Truth. "The Amer ican girl has almost entirely cut out the English girl in public favor. She certainly has more to say for herself, she dresses better, and she flirts better. She comes to Europe with an ardent desire to remain there tbe wife of an English-. man with a title. Lvcn if she fails in this, she thoroughly enjoys herself, provided that ahe can manage to flirt with royalty. What always amuses me with these young ladies is, that each one explains that tbe others are not in society 'at home,' utterly oblivious of the fact that no one in Europe cares what they are 'at home,' pro vided that they are pretty and agreeaole abroad." Dr. Howard Crosby, of New York, havinghsd his attention attracted to a pamphlet on communion wine, written by one Rev. Edward n. Jewett, ia which the theory that 'unfermented wine was that used in scriptural times was combatted, sent copies of the work to a large number of clergymen and requested their opinions on tbe "two-wine" question. Two hundred and eiehtv-six replies were received and tbe corre spondence is published, together with Jewett's essay and a review or tne entire matter. Ail but nine of the clergymen controvert tbe twowine theory and are of the opinion that the beverage used by Christ and his followers was fermented liquor. To the majority of persons this pnblication will seem one of the many curiosities of literature, but there is a curiously large number who are interested in such unprofitable discussions and will read it with eare. "Cockaine," of the.San Francisco Argonaut writes: "A delicate-looking child, dressed in a white frock, holding tightly to the white mane ot a hnge rocking-horse, has been the admiration of r.rowda in a London picture gallery for dajs past To judge from this portrait the little King of Spain is as pretty a child as one conld find in a day's journey. When in Madrid, recently, Mme. Patti expressed a desire to see the little baby King, 'he being, she added, 'the only sovereign in tbe world whom 1 have not seen.' On hie Majesty being introduced the diva made a deep courtesy and pressed his chubby little hands to bar lips, at which the Queen remarked, laoehiogly: My eon ahall cot be the first Spanittd who is so ungallant as to give his hand to be Kissed by a lady; pray, permit him to apologize by returning the ki&a.' And little Al-

fonso responded at once by placing bis short arms around the neck of the famous vocalist and giving her a hearty kiss." An English lady of title, recently in Philadelphia with her husband, was formerly in attendon Queen Victoria as one of the maids of honor. She said that these ladies find their allowance of $1,500 a year a very trifling aum as compared with the bills for the costumes wbich their position entails upon them. The Queen is scrupulous to a detail, and has the very greatest objection tq those about her appearing twice in the same dress. To such an extent is this objection carried that she will only permit them to do so when the costume has been entirely retrimmed so that its recognition is impossible.

SHERMAN IN ATLANTA. Ue Expected Grant's Army to Sleet Him There The March to the Sea a Necessity. Atlanta Letter In St. Louis Globe-Democrat It is generally believed that General Sherman abandoned Atlanta and marched to the sea to carry out a plan of campaign mapped out in his mind months before. This view is favored by some of our war histories, but the facts of tie case do not bear it out Tbe General bad not been in Atlanta many days before be issued an order requiring all confederate sympathizers to go south, and tbe Union citizens to go north. At that time the wealthiest and most prominent Union man in the eity was Mr. William Markham. He waa a Northerner, and his sentiments were well known to both the confederates and federals, lie had borne a conspicuous cart in the formal surrender of tbe place to the invaders, and they naturally looked to him for information and advice. .... When the order was issued commanding the people to leave tbe city Mr. Markham went to the commander, and protested. "General," he said, after making his appeal, "this order will send thonsands of inooeent people out into the world homeless, helpless and starving." "Jt ia tbe fortune of war," replied Sherman. "I must look after the safety and eomfort of my army. Seven of my soldiers are worth more to me than seven thousand of your citizens.and the whole city, Mr. Markham was stunned by his apparently brutal way of potting it He did not like to abandon his own property, consisting of numerous stores, dwellings and factories, and he sympathized with his fellow-townsmen in their hapless plight He pressed the General to give his reasons for his course of action. "1 have 300 miles of railway between me and my base of supplies." said the grim soldier. "I must protect this line of communication, and lt will be difficult to feed my eoldiers. You will see that I cannot undertake to feed several thousand of your people, some of them enemies, and some of them useless friends. It is simply a qnestion of self-preservation with me." "Then you intend to remain hereP inquired Mr. Markham. Remain here!" repeated the General. 'That is absolutely settled. I shall hold Atlanta nntil tbe war enda After hearing this positive declaration of the conquerer's purposes, tbe visitor left disheartened and convinced that it was useless to say anything more on the subject A day or two later Gen. Sherman called to see bim at his residence, and talked more freely. "My engineeers," he said, are making a survey for an inner line of fortifications runnning through the outskirts of the eity. The confederate breastworks are too far out and will require too many soldiers to man them. When. I get through Atlanta will be as strongly forti fied as Gibraltar, and juat as impregnable." "ou are determined to stayl ' "Yes, I told you that the other day. The fall of Richmond ia expeeted daily. When that oc curs Grant s army wul march through tbe Con federacy to this point, and the war will end right here." During the week the General saw Mr. Markham several times, and his talk was always of the same tenor. Not once did he utter a word that indicated a purpose to march to Savannah or any other point l he one idea oi coming Atlanta until Grant joined him seemed to be uppermost in his mind. In these conversations the eommander was very cordial. Onee, however, he complained that Mr. Markham had not aided the Union cause actively enough. "Yon should have sent me information through tbe lines," he blurted out in his blunt way. "It would have eaused me to lose my life," was the answer. "You should have risked it sail the General. "People eame through tbe lines, Mrs. , for instance. You could have sent a message in that way." Mr. Markham was appointed on a committee to report the names of the Uniontsta who were to be furnished with passes and transportation to the North. He foond this a very difficult task. Persons who bad alwaya professed to be Confederates came to him and swore that they were strong Union men. Sometimes as many as forty citizens would besiege his front door at the same time, all clamoring for a certificate of their loyalty. Tbe committee did its work conscientiously, and the people were sent North and South as rapidly as theytould be moved. Sherman's acquaintance with the leading Unionists increased his confidence in them, and toward the last he began to thaw. Finally be said that Mr. Markham and ten other Union citizens might remain with their families in tbe city, if they would secure tbjir own supplies and not Iook to the government for rations. Only a few accepted the offer, and Mr. Martbam went North as soon as he eoo4d complete his arrangements for the trip. As he related these interesting matters of history the other day, Mr. Markham grew animated. Uis eyes flashed and he spoke with staph asis. He recollected the events of that stirring period as if they had occurred yesterday, and he never hesitated to recall a name, or date, or the words used in a conversation. "Are you certain that Sherman's march to the sea was not contemplated by him when he captured Atlanta?'' Mr. Markham paused to consider tbe question. "1 am reasonably certain," he responded. "The General talked with me apparently without reserve. He made every possible preparation to bold the eity, and be seemed to be confident that Grant's army would capture Richmond in a short time and follow Lee's soldier's through Virginia and the Carolines into Georgia." "What eaused him to ehaoge his plans and go to the coast and then northward to meet Grant!" "I think that it was the desperate battle at Altoona. When Hood s men moved around in his rear he saw that it was impossible to hold his line of communication with his base of supplies. He eould not think of retreating, and so bis only course was to strike out through Georgia, destroying everything in his pathway." "So his celebrated march was not a part of his original programme, but was an afterthought" "That Is my belief, based upon what he told me, and upon what I saw." The facts stated by Mr. Markham deserve a permanent place in our war history. They throw new light upon one of the most remarkable military movements of the age. and they show how a course imperatively dictated by the necessities of the situation may afterward be attributed to the wonderful foresight of a commander. The probability is that Hood's march northward eaused Sherman to revolutionize his plan of campaign. He gave up his boasted Gibraltar and proceeded to tear out the bowels of the Confederacy. As the writer looked at Mr. Markham, and noted his serene appearance, he eould not resiat tbe temotation of asking him another question. "Mr. Markham, bow much did Sherman's visit to Atlanta cost you!" "At least $114,000 in buildings alone. I cannot now estimate tbe value of the other property that was lost but lt amounted to a large sum." "Did the government ever reimburse yon!" "No, I put in a el aim, but it waa a year too late, and I was told that it wonld take a special act of Congress. I have taken no further steps." Mr. Markham foond General Sherman a very expensive acquaintance, but in his prosperous and contented old ace he seems to eare very little about it He has made another fortune since those days, and Is perhaps better satisfied with the new Atlanta than he was with the old. Technical Necessities. A judee was recently called to decide as to what was "necessary." The rents from certain valuable lands are held in trust "for the necessary occasions" of a parish chureh. It lately built a beauttTuI spire, and the trustees demurred to paying for it on the ground that It was unnecessary. The judge decided that though tbe salaries ot the organist, the organ blower, the bell ringer and tbe singers were not necessary, tbe salaries of the sexton, tbe verger, and the tuner of tbe orean were, and that tbe spire, being the place where it is usual to hang the bells, should be considered "necessary," and accordingly the money should be paid from the trust ' Marine Alonster Captured. Not long ago a curious marine monster was carta red near Tampico, Mex. For several days a school or unknown creatures was seen dis porting in the gulf a shore distance from the shore, but all efforts to capture any of them proved frutile, till one waa caught by accident in a fishing seine. Ropes were then thrown around the monster and by the aid of horses lt was dragged to land. It was a cephaloptera vampyrus, also known as the "devil fish." or ocean vampire. It measured fifteen feet long and seventeen feet wide from the edees of the pectoral fins, and its mouth was five leet across.

WAGE-WOE KE E S OF EN GLAK D

Our Correspondent Takes an American View of Their Trcsent Condition. Two Little Stories Abont Sheffield A Wentn File-Cutter's Earcinrs-The Grsat Hrnin: Industry of South Wales. Correspondence of the Indianapolis Journal. Sheffield, Sept 27. "Instead of giving you facts, I shall have to tell you a story, or rather two stories," said a member of the Sheffield Board ot Trade, upon whom I had called fot some information, preferring, where possible, to get statements ot wages and the like from British official sources. A tidy servant girl had just left the room with her tray, Isaving upon a little table a luncheon cozy and tempting entugh tq delight the heart of any Englishman. The savor thereof risini to the nostrils of my vis-a-vis, he was in a mood for conversation. "So much tbe better," I replied. "A story which illustrates a fact is always more impressive than the fact itself." "Well, it was not so very long ago thj.t the London Board of Trade eent a request to the Sheffield board for a complete list of the different employments bere and the average rate of wages earned by workmen and women. The figures were wanted for some government purpose, I believe. Several members ef tbe board who had no connection with manufacturing, mysslf among the number, were heartily in favor of honoring the request and assumed that this would be done. To our surprise the manufacturers, who were in the majority in the board, unitedly opposed the step with such vehemence that it was abandoned at once. Now what do you think was. the reason for thatf "Possibly they were ashamed to have the wares known!" "Possibly. At any rate, that was the coneluiion I was driven to, and 1 began to notice little things confirmatory of that conclusion. Acd here comes in the other story. A few weeks ago there came to my knowledge the ease cf a man, a penknife-blade grinder, who died at his grindstone. I won't say it was starvation. Sop pose we call lt heart diss as a He was an old man, a little rheumatic, it may be, and alow at hie work. He hired his atone, paying ao much pet week rent for it and the steam power to turn it, and he was paid by the piece. Upon the coroner's inquest it came out4that his net earnings had been $L21 per week. "And that is the best I can do for you. There) are no official figores of wage rates in Sheffield If there were I wouldn't like to trust them very far. If you want to find out anything about Sheffield youll have to shift for yourself." Like most English manufacturing tawnx Sheffield haa hosts ot little shops where its 200 000 or 300.000 inhabitants pursue the trade which have made it famous knife-making in all its branches, electro-plating, engraving aad the like. In one of these I found tour men aad twe women busily engaged in cutting files by hand. and having heard that file-cutting was cue of the best paid trades, poshed rny way ia The) men were at work: with heavy hammers of st peculiar shape, and with steel ranches sod chis els, punching and catting tbe teeth of coarse wood-rasps, such as carpenters use. The women, with lighter hammers, with quicker. defter strokes, were cutting the finer files and rasps used for more delicate work. The "raw material" of their trade was smooth strips of iron of the proper size and shape, to be tempered after the cutting. The work was done very neatly and rapidly, and ebowed great dexterity in the handling of the tools as well as eossldsr ab'e manual stresgth. Turning first, as was natural, to one et the women, 1 was soon engaged in talk with her. She was the younger of the two, a pleasant girl of perhaps four or five and twenty, neatly dressed, though poorly. I mentally compare! her and her work with the poor women blacksmiths I had seen near Birmingham. St looked better fed and less haggard, and her work was easier, in that she sat instead of stand ing. She told me, with evident pride, that ahe could earn LG4 per week, and that women, were regarded as more skillful than mea la cut, ting the finer grades of files. Some of then) earned aa low aa $LS0 per week. Large eum bere of women were employed in this work, aa well as in various other departments of tbe Sheffield trades, for which their strength fitted them. In Sheffield, as elsewhere throughout -industrial England, it is the universal rule tor women and children above school age to work at some task: or other to lighten the family bur dens, the mother losing perhaps anahours'a time a day in household cares. My informant was herself unmarried and Quite independent, as, indeed, she had reason to be. For an Englishwoman ahe waa sicgnlarly fortunate in the matter of wages. Her earnings were far in exeeJ of those of a London dres-smaker of considerable skill, or of a teacher of three or four years' ex perience, or of a housekeeper In a large estaW lishment, while the only wages approximating hers in size in any mechanical operations cl which I have heard are those of the most skil ful women in the foul air of tbe cotton mills, and some women tailors. AU things considered, and in spite of later developments, I consides the Sheffield file-cutter about the most fortunate English working women whom I have seen. But tbe trade is not what it used to be. The independent young woman took natur , ally a more rosy view of the situation than the father of a family who aat next her, awingicg a big six-pound hammer above, his queer little work-bench. There was plenty of work he said, but he could only make $7.27 a week, and out of this he had to allow 15 per eent commission, so that he really got but I&23. "Commission! WbatforP "Oh. for the state of trade" "Yes, I see," I commented sagely, "and da you hare to allow 15 per cent, commission for? the etate of trade, tooP turning rather suddenly to the young woman with who:.! had been eonversing. That independent peKj looked rather sheepish as she nodded an cfirmative. The man undertook to explain that rhile they really earned larger sums, they wer Sliced to forego part of their earnings in ordeJ re aell tbe goods. The trouble was all because (J foreign eompcti tinn Vr.npli And (itrmin irOA'i Innlrintr Inti well as their output though really not as good (insular prejudice again, possibly), were offered for sale at certain prices, and these prices had to be met And this is Sheffield! Sheffield, the home of trades-unionism, where the secrets of the cutler's trade were guarded with a jealous care, where the terrors of aummary vengeance were) called down upon scabs and informers by the seore, where a mill was blown up with forty pounds of powder because the owner introduced a polishing machine: Sheffield, which inspired Charles Reade to write hia "Put ourself in His Plaee," as an eloquent protest against tbe misuse of power by the unions. The trade unionists of Sheffield have grown wondrous meek when, from wagea half as large as tbey used to earn, in the old days when tbey monopolized their trade, they permit 15 per cent, to be taken weekly without a protest There are no more strikeg and "acts rf discipline" now. These are powerless against foreign competition and against the "state of trade" As for machinery, any appliance is welcomed that helps the English workman to compete on better terms with his rival abroad. A knife-maker told me, as illustrating tbe extent to whieh tbe trade of Sheffield bad gone abroad, that thousands of its workmen had ccce to America, especially to New England. Many of his personal friends were there and were all doing well. American competition, in spite of the higher wages paid, was felt in England because of the greater ingenuity of the Yankees ia cheapening production. Of foreign competition this man uttered tbe old familiar complaint. French and German goods wouldn't wear well, bnt people bought them because they looked all right A change cot quiet so startling as that ia Sheffield, but leading decidedly in the same direction has been going on for some years in the whole iron trade and in tbe coal trade, which ia so intimately associated with it For manufactures of heavy machinery the British still hold tbe markets of the colonies, though they are shut out from America absolutely by tbe tariff. The machinists of Lincoln, Oldham and Keigbley are among the best paid English workmen at present for a very simple reason. Besides supplying the home market they are busily employed making machinery for French and German spinning, knitting and weaving mills, which are to compete with the home trade. The manufacture of agricv ftural implements declines with the deeline of agriculture itself and with the competition of America. To railway iroa of all sorts tbe American tariff ehute the door ef tbe boat market is tbe world and Belgium is proving a dangerous tomnetitor in iron and steel Just at present trade is looking up a trifle, but in 1836, alter a gradual decline for some time, the cause of great alarm the etc!

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