Indiana Centinel, Volume 3, Number 38, Vincennes, Knox County, 1 January 1820 — Page 2

Fro'. i tJu Jtali&nal Intelligencer. WASHINGTON CITV, December 7, 1319. Thisdiy, at o'clock, the President of the United States transmitted to both Houses of Congress, by Mr. J. J. Monroe, the fol

lowing

MESSAGE :

Fdloic-Citizens of the Senate, and of the House cf Representatives . The public buildings being advanced to a stage to afford accommodation for Congress, I offer you my sincere congratulations on the recommencement of your duties in the Capitol. In bringing to view the incidents most deserving attention, which have occurred since your last session, I regi t to have to state, that several of our principal cities have suffered by sickness ; that an unusual drought has prevailed in the middle and western states ; and that a derangement has been felt in some of our mouied institutions, which has proportionably affected their credit. I am happy, however.

and, pn.rLc:i!ariv', by fna cstab!ii!::ncnl of n government in Florid i, which should preserve order there, the minister of the United States, who had been, recently appointed to his Catholic Majesty, and to whom the ratification, by his government, had been committed, to he exchanged for that of Spain, was instructed to transmit the latter to the Department of State, as soon as obtained, by a public ship, subjected to his order for the purpose. Unexpected delay occurring, in the ratification, by Spain, he requested to be informed of the cause : It was stated, in reply, that the great importance of the subject, and a desire to obtain explanations on certain points, which were not specified, had produced the delay, and that an Envoy would be despatched to the U. States, to obtain such explanations of this government. The Minister of the United States offered to give full explanation on any point, on which it might be desired; which proposal was declined. Having communicated this result to the Department of State, in August last, he was instructed, notwithstanding the

pisappointment and surprise, which it produ-

to have it in my power to assure you that the

health of our cities is now completely restored; iced, to inform the government ot Spam, that, that the produce of the year, though less abun- if the treaty should be ratified, and transmitdant than usual, will not only be amply suffi- ted here, at any time before the meeting of cientfor home consumption, but afford a large . Congress, it would be received, and have the surplus, for the supply of the wants of other j same effect, as if it had been ratified in due nations ; and that the derangement in the cir- Itime. This order was executed; the authori- . .. i i l. i . n i i i.i. ii .

dilating paper meuium, uy ueiag ul iu muse :sea communication was maue to me govern-

remedies which its obvious causes suggested,

and the good sense and virtue of our fellowcitizens, supplied, has diminished. Having informed Congress, on the 27th of February last, that a treaty of amity, settlement, and limits, had been concluded, in this city, between the United States and Spain, St ratified by the competent authorities of the former, full confidence was entertained that it would have been ratified by his Catholic Majesty, with equal promptitude and a like earnest desire to terminate, on the conditions of that treaty, the differences which had so long existed between the two countries. Every view which the subject admitted of, was thought to have justified this conclusion. Great losses had been sustained by citizens of the U. States, from Spanish cruisers, more than twenty years before, which had not been redressed, 'i'liese losses had been acknowledged and provided for by a treaty, as far back as the year 1802, which, although concluded at Madrid, was not then ratified by the government of Spain, nor since, until the last year, when it was suspended by the late treaty, a more satisfactory provision to both parties, as was presumed, having been ma le for them. Other differences had arisen, in this long interval, affecting their highest interests, which were likewise provided for, by this last treaty. The treaty, itself, was formed on great consideration, and a thorough knowledge of all circumstances, the subject matter of every article having been for years under discussion, and repeated references having been made, by the Minister of Spain, to his government, on the points respecting which the greatest difference of opinion prevailed. It was formed by a Minister duly authorized for the purpose, who had represented his government in the United States, and been employed in this Ion protracted negociation, several years, anil who, it is not denied, kept strictly within the letter of his instructions. The faith of Spain was therefore pledged, under circumstances of peculiar force and solemnity, for its ratification. On the part of the United States, this treaty was evidently acceded to in a spirit of conciliation and concession. The indemnity for injuries and losses, so long before sustained, and now again acknowledged and provided for, was to be paid by them, without becoming a charge on the treasury of Spain. For territory ceded by Spain, other territory of great value, to which our claim was believed to be tvell founded, was ceded by the United States, and in a quarter more interesting to her. This cession was, nevertheless, received as the means of indemnifying our citizens, in a considerable sum, the presumed amount of their looses. Other considerations, of great weight urged the cession of this territory by Spain. It was surrounded by the territories of the U. States, on every side, except on that of the ocean. Spain had lost her authority over it, and falling into the hands of adventurers connected with the savages, it ivas made the means of unceasing annoyance and injury to our Union, in many of its most essential interests. Bv this cession, then, Spain ceded n territory ,"in reality, of no value to her, and obtained concessions of the highest importance, by the settlement of long standing differences with the United States," affecting" their respective claims and limits, and likewise relieved herself from the obligation of a treaty, relating to it, which she had failed to fulfil, and also from the responsibility incident to the most flagrant and pernicious abuses of her Tights, where she could not support her authority. It being known that the treaty was formed Under these circumstances, not a doubt was entertained that his Catholic Majesty would have ratified it without any delay. 1 regret to have to state that this reasonable expecta

tion has been disappointed ; that the treaty

ment of Spain, and by its answer, which has

just been received, we are officially mado acquainted, for the first time, with the causes which have prevented the ratification of the treaty, by his Catholic Majesty. It is alledged by the Minister of Spain, that this government

had attempted to alter one ot the principal ar

ticles of the treaty, by a declaration, which! il . At' ' 1 f At TT 'A t C1J. J I .1 1

course (o he pursued, these objects should be constantly held in view, and have their due weight'." Our national honor mu:t be maintained, and a new and a distinguished proof be

afforded of that regard for justice and moderation, which has invariably governed the coun-

imoilnt. Thestendincs"', consistency' and success with which they have pursued their object, as evinced more particularly by the undisturbed sovereignty which Buenos Ayres has so ovz enioved, evidently avc them a

! strong claim the favourable eonsideiation oi

. Vlll i t if A

cits of this free people. It must be obvious to other nations. J net e senimients, on the part all, that, if the United Slates had been desi- of the United States, have not been withheld rous of making conquests, or had been even .from other powers, with whom it is desirable wiliing to aggrandize themselves in that way, ! to act in concert. Should it become inanithev could have had no inducement to form ! fest to the world that the efforts of Spain to"

this treaty. They would have much cause for -suLdae these provinces will le fruitless, it gratulation, at the course which has been pur- may be! presumed that the Spanish govsued by Spain An ample field for ambition eminent itself will give up the contest. In

?areer is producing such a determination, it cannot be heir gov- doubted that the opinion cf friendly power..

is open oeiore mem. Jiut sucn a c:

not consistent with the principles of th

eminent, nor the interests of the nation. who have taken no pert in the controvey,

irom a full view of all circumstances it is will hur Ijcir merited inffucr.ee.

submitted to the consideration of Congress, Ii is of the highest importance to our nawhether it will not be proper for the U. States tional character, and indispenib!e to the to carry the conditions of the treaty into effect, .morality of our citizens, that all violations of

m the same manner as if it had Decn ratified by jour neutrality should be prevented. ISo doer

Spain; claiming, on their part, all its advanta-jthould be left open fcr the evasion of cur ges, and yielding to Spain those secured to? lav. s ; no opportunity afforded to any v,lo

her. 13y pursuing this course, wc shall rest .'may be disposed to take advantage ol it, to

on the sacred ground of right, sanctioned, in . compromit the interest or honor of the nation, the most solemn manner, by Spain herself, by It in submitted, therefore, to the consideration a treaty which she was boimd to ratify; for re- of Congress, whether it may not be advisable fusing to do which she must incur the censure to revise the laws, with a view to this desira-

ot other nations, even those most friendly to ble result. her; while, by confining ourselves within that It is submitted, also, whether it may not be limit, we cannot fail to obtain their well meri- proper to designate, by law, the several porta ted approbation. We must have peace on a or places along the eoat, at which, onlv, frontier where wo have been so long disturbed, foreign ships of war and privateers may be our citizens roust be indemnified for losses so admitted. The difficulty of sustaining" the long since sustained, and for which indemnity - regulations of our;commerce, and of other ira-

has been so long .unjustly withheld from them.

Accomplishing these great objects w e obtain all that is desirable.

But his Catholic Mnjc.'dy has twice declared

the Minister of the United States had been this determination to send a minister to the U.

ordered to present, when he should deliver States, to ask explanations on certain points, the ratification by his government, in ex- to give them reasons respecting his delay to change for that of Spain, and of which he 'ratify the treaty. Shall we act,by taking the ce gave notice, explanatory of the sense in which j ded territory ,and proceeding to'execute the othat article was understood. It is further al- ther conditions of the treaty, before this minisleged that this government had recently tol-1 ter arrives and is herd of ? "This is a case which erated, or protected, an expedition from the ' forms a strong appeal to the candor, the mag-

fmted Mates, against the province ot 1 eras. 1 nanimity and honor of this people. Much is

portant interests from abuse, with such 'de

signation, furmshes a strong motive fcr this measure. At the time of the negotiation foT the renewal of the commercial convention, between th United States and Great Britain,'; hope had been entertained that an article might have been agreed upon, mutually satisfactory to both countries, regulating, upon principles of justice and reciprocity, the commercial intercourse between the United States and the British possessions, . as well in the

est Indies, as upon the continent of ISortU

' 1 ' 1 1 ' 1 - . J J 1 . .1 .1 . . . . - . .1

x nese o impuieu acts, are stated as me i ea- j aue to courtesy between nations. 15y a short ! America. The plempotentaries of the two sons which have induced his Catholic Majesty j delay, we shall lose nothing; for, resting on the : governments, not having been able to ccmc to withhold his ratification from the treaty, to , ground of immutable truth and justice, we to an agreement on this important interest, obtain explanations, respecting which, it is re- ? cannot be diverted from our nurnose. It ousrht those of the United States reserved for ih

peated, that an envoy would be forthwith des-! to be presumed that the explanations which consideration of this goverr ment the patched to the United States. How far these may be given to the Minister of Spain, will be sals which had been presented to them

propo-

uifgauons vni jusiiiy ino conuuci oi me gov- satislactory, and produce the desired result, ultimate offer cn the part of the British ov A. f iJ '11 . P w ,... n . .... I ?

t:mnit-ni vi opoiii, vwu appear, on a view oi m any event, me delay, tor the purpose men- ernment, and which they were not authorized the following facts, and the evidence which :tioned, being a further manifestation of the to accept. On their transmission here, they supports them. sincere desire to terminate in the most friend- wero rrrnrr.mpd with Hup Hi.Wwmf;n.

ii .in i it, ii .. . , . .....

ii win oe seen, uy the documents transmit-:iy manner all ditierenccs with Spam, cannot : result of which was a new effort to meet the

ted herewith, that the declaration mentioned fail to be duly appreciated by his Catholic Ma- j views of the British government. The Min relates to a clause in the 8th article, concern- 'jesty, as well as by other powers. It is sub- J ister of the United States was instructed to

hich has not been

declined in au

mg certain grants ot land, recently made uy , mitted, thereiore, whether it will not be prop- j make a further proposal, v

nis tainoiic majesty, m i loncia, wnicn, it was er to make the law proposed for carrvm?; the accepted. It was however.

unaersioou, nau conveyeu au tne lanas, wnicn, conditions ot the treaty into etiect. should it nmirahl mannpr. I

till then, had been ungrantcd.

tention of the parties

recommend to the con

antcti. it was tne m-; be adopted, contingent; to suspend its opera-j sideration of Congress, whether further proto annul these latter tion upon the responsibility of the Executive, hibatorv provisions in the laws relating to

ui inescrdiiis uiikiiuuii, uunt was unucr- sireu uurmg tne present session ot Uongress. been practicable, as

sioou to De posterior to mat inserted m me i communicate to Congress a copy ot the creement of this in

article: indeed, it must oe onvious to an, mat, treaty, and ot the instructions to the Minister commerce, such i

i i 1 1 j i i I . j i a . f y ' .

grants, and mat clause was aravui mr mat ex- m such manner, as to allord an opportunity this intercourse, may not be expedient. It press purpose, and for none other. The date for such friendly explanations, as may be de- is seen with interest, that, although it has uot

yet, to agree in any a-

.'portant branch of theif

the. disrmifinn rtf m

ifthat provision in the treaty hod not the efTect-of the United States at Madrid respecting it;, ties, that each will view any reflations of annulling these grants, it would be altogeth- of his correspondence with the Minister of 'which the other may make rcspectnV it iu er nugatory. Immediately after the treaty Spain, and, of such other documents ns may i the most friendly h-ht ' was concluded, and ratified by this govern- be necessary to give a full view of tho sub-; By the fifth article of the convention, conment an intimation was received hat these ject. ? eluded on the 20th of October, 1918, it wai grants were of anterior date to that fised on In the course which the Spanish govern-! stipulated that the differences which had aris.

uy me treaty, and mat tney woum not, ot raent have, on this occasion, thought proper course, be affected by it. The mere possibility to -pursue, it is satisfactory to know that they of such a case, so inconsistent with the inten- have not been countenanced by any other tion of the parties, and the meaning of the ar- European power. On the contrary, the oticle, induced this government to demand an pinion and wishes, both of France and Great explanation on the subject, which was imme- Britain have not been withheld, either from diately granted, and which corresponds with the United States or from Spain ; and have this statement. With respect to the other act been unequivocal in favor of the ratification, alleged, that this government had tolerated, There is also, reason to brlieve that the senor protected an expedition against Texas, it timents of the imperial covernment of Busis utterly without foundation. Every discoun- sia have been the same, and that tW I-.vp

tenance has invariably been given to every also been made known to the cabinet of Mad-1 such attempt from within the limits of the U. rid. : t 1 II .1

otatcs, as is lully evinced oy the acts ot the In the civil war existing be'wern Smin th,f A.o ,.,i v.

government, Sc tne proceedings of the courts. and the Spanish provice, in this hemisphere, cd, will indicate the further measures to be rherebeingcau.se, however, to apprehend, the greatest care has been taken to enforce pursued on the part cf the United States, in the course of the last suinnier, that some the laws intended to preserve an in partial Although the Pecuniary embairassmcri adventurers entertained views ot the km neutrality. Our ports have continued to be which affected various prrts of the Union, gested, the attention of the constituted au- epially open to both partis, and on the same daring the latter part of the preceding year thonties in that quarter, was immediately conditions; and citizens have been equally have , during the present, bein conMeW

u.tu ,u it.., a m u s mi u u u juujcw, restnuned lrom mteriering m xavor cf cither, augmented, and still continue to exist, the rewhatever it might be, has utterly fancd. to the prejudice of the other. The m om ess reints into th Treacnrv. t ih, r.mh SVrfrm-

ounted to $19,0'J0,G0O.

e current exrenscs of

eluding the interest and

en between the two governments, witU regard to the true intent and meaning of the fifth article of the treaty of Ghent, in relation to the. carry ing away, by British officers, of slaves from the United States, after the exchange of the ratifications of the treaty of peace, should be referred to the decision of wome friendly sovereign or ilate, to be named for that purpose. The Minister of the United States has been instructed to name to the Briti-h government, a foreign sovereign, the coniT:")n friend to both parties, fcr

the decision ot this question. The r.nswer cf

ev

Sp

laieier it mignt oe, nas utterly lancu. to the prejudice of the other. The pro-i ess ceipts into the Tieasi These facts will, it is presumed, satisfy 0f the war, however, has operated manifestly her last, have amou ery impartial mind, that the government ot in favor of the colonies. Buenos Am es still After defravim the ain had no justifiable cause for declining to maintains unshaken the independence which the "overnmenf in

ratify the treaty A treaty concluded in con

iormity witn lnsiructions, is oDhiratory, m

it declared m lBlb. and has enjoyed Jince reimburement of the rvb'ic debt, r.nvah'r

atory, m 1810. Like success has alo latelr attended in tlmt rr-v; r..i; Maorwnr.n

goodthith in all its stipulations according to Chili, and the provinces north of the La l'la- there remained'in the TrcSurv'on that'dar

the true intent and meaning of the parties.

Each party is bound to ratify it. If either could set it aside, without the consent of the other, there would be, no longer, any rules

applicable to such transactions between na-

ta, bordering on it, and likewise Yenezula.

This contest has, from its commencement, been very interesting to other powers, and to none more so than the United States. A vir

tuous people may, and will, confine them-

tions. By this proceeding, the government selves with the limit of a strict neutrality; but r o l . i i a ii. . tt. 'i. J cii . ..... .... '

more than -2,5CK),000, which", with the sums

receivable during the remainder of the year, will exceed the current demands upon the Treasury for the same period. The cause which have tended to diminish

the public receipts, could not fail to have a

ot spam, has rendered to the U nited Mates a lt 1S not in their power to behold a conllict so corresponding effect upon the revenue, which

vvf.-: : Jr; ; : i I; ;, ".lT.IUIIU u negnoors, witnout has accrued upon imposts and tonnage curted, tha a Minister would us sent, to askcer- the sensibility and sympathy which naturally ing the three first quarters of the present ytar; tain explanations of this government. But, if belong to such a ce. It has been the stead v it is, howerer ascertained that the duties, such were desired, why werc they not . asked, purpose of this government, to prevent that which have been secured during that pciicd, within the time limited for the ratification? Is techng leading to excess, and it is verv -mt- pvp,J dior rnn ft,r, r.f thp xx-hrfr.

J P - - IUjWVVvj uli jL i a-' - - w