Indiana American, Volume 8, Number 11, Brookville, Franklin County, 12 March 1869 — Page 1

TERMS OF AOV ER Tl S INQf,

PUBLISHED SVKRT FRIDAT BT

0. II. BINGHAM, Proprietor. Office in the National Bank Building, (jkird story.')

,ERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION! PER YEAR, t! ABTAHCI. M tr HOT PAID IK APVAKCE. $3,00 N'o postage on Countv. papers delivered within tni CORRUPTION IN THE INDIANA PRI SON. Startling Exposure. Indianapolis, March 3. The following is the report of the subcommittee on the Southern Prison, reported to the Senate to-day: Mr. President The Committee to whom was referred the resolution of the Senate requiring them to inquire into the management of the Southern State Prison, have made the required investigation, and instruct me to make the following report: "The Committee examined a great many witnesses under oath, among them most of the officers, man of the employes and one of the convicts. Much testimony I was contradictory, but the facts as brought i out by the testimony, show an amount of,' corruption, brutality and crime, and this ! by the officers and employes of the prison themselves, wnicn, to say me least, is very discreditable to the parties concerned. Two of the Directors. Meredith and Ghee, have systematically framed out their appointments, the Warden and many of his employes having relused a bonus for the privilege of holding their position. Your Commiitee found from the testimony that the guards and other employes had free access to the female convicts; that the treatment of these has been disgusting, lecherous and brutal. Two witnesses refuted to swear that they had not illicit intercourse with the female convicts. The committee lurther found that Mr. Meredith, one of the Directors, accepted a tribe, or a fee, as he preferred to call it, for spruces in obtaining the pardon ot a f convict. 1 his tee was to be sz.tJtiU, in caseot success. The prisoner had already paid hiiu ninety dollats tor his services, and loaned him $450. In his eflorts to obtain the pardon of the prisoner, Mr. Meiedi'h made a lalse representation to ttie t.ovenmr, staling that he had teen ! under gteat obligations to the lamily ot the convict; that the evidence on which he ; had been convicted was conflicting and j uncertain, and that the case was one melt- j ting esceie clemency. The Govornor j arrtained iu time to prevent the mischief. of a paidon. that the representation of of Metedith were false, and as to hisstata uients concerning his obligations to the family of the convict these were sheer fa- I brications, and refused the patdon. In ' this hasty teport, jour Committee te uieat pleasure in statnii; that Mr. Fervier, fie former Director, Colonel Svhulcr, the I""'1" " amen, uunivau, :c pwni : I'haplain, are exceptions to the above oliargcs or corruption and crime. Since ; Vol. tv-hu!er took ehrg ot hi vftice, j time is evidence of reformation havin taken place in the management of the prison, and the committee are plnd to be able to recommend him aud the Chaplain as conscientious gentlemen and experienced i thorns. As evidence of the forego ing statement, the Committee respectfully ielr the Senate to the evidence taken in the examination, a copy of which is herewith submitted. Isaac KtNt.EY. Tuos. Gtt-roRP F. G. Armstrong. Latesl Indian News Programme of W ! New Campaign. T. l.oris, March 3. A letter in the Republican, dated "Camp Surtdv. Indian lenitory, February 14. " lives the following account of arlaiis in the Indian country: "I left General Sheridan's headquarters on the morning of the 10th instant, en t"HU for General Can s canvjs located on van Fiancisco Creek, a tributary of rhe north fork of the Canadian River. On ti e ttioht trevtous to nit leaving. General iiiMtr returned IV om It is liuiili-ss searrh for ti e I'heventie camp, havimr traveled

from General Sheridan's camp near the ly assert; and that I have sought to miiituomh of Medicine Rluti Creek, at the gate rather than to intensify the asperities eastern extremity of the Washita Moun- which the collision of opposing parties so tin about one" hundred and sixty-five j often involved, must be left to my fellow n.iies west, finding trails fresh, and all the members to verify. In the responsible Indians going rapidly south and west, to duties of the last six years L have endeav waul the headwaters of the Red River ored to administer the rules you have en ai.il the staked plains. There ate now acted for jour guidance, both in letter and bfut two hundred lodges of Cheyennes, spirit, with an impartiality uninfluenced ninety lodges of Arapahoes, and sixty ' by political antagonism; and I may be lodges of Comanches on the war path, to-! pardoned lor the expiessiou of my gratifi gether with a few Plains Apaches and a I caiiou that while no decision has been re t"w Kiowas. and the 1W soldiers imrl i versed, there has been an appeal some

t-td Hull, chief of the band, numbering m all about one thousand warriors. Genral Cusier is now under orders to move wt with his reoiment. the Sevemli ITnl. ted Slates Cavaliv and th i.,o-nn, Kansas Vol " v k -anVl V UlVliCl V I o l t-tj. to Kim Foik v( Red River, scouting the country south from the headwaters of that creek. General ri. A. Varr is to ntove south, locating his supply depot on mam Canadian, near the 101st tnerid'n ci ae,t longitude, then ice moving 'B. Colonel Evans moves also south "m in s present camp on fk, tear the 100th mer Monument ! meridian, on the titiadian River, hav-i , ,,...i. hio tid ihe Third United estates Cavahy. j I'd a small detachuieut of the Thirtieth Infantry, wl,,!e Colonel Rrooks marches 'tom the po .1 .i... .. ' mating 3 his supplies Irom Fort Stanton! v v " n i ii i n r x'j iiih rnoiiin itie intention et the Gen-r.1 .....t ,ng is to drive the ,iu .r...... . e common center ,;i ..1 .n ....... . i comnjaii.ls ti,.. , can reach ai.,1 . 1.i;... .1 "T- u;""ve, or compel a surrender v ua.'Ui-c llltlll a and v: 7 r ;-nt on their rescr Major lnmn, Assistant Quartermaster. inrZ' U: lie,leral Micridan'. new v; ' 1 - "I vor, locattd at 1! t the mouth of htk . i ,ild 1,.. , V " ""ry ttie bim "v""ift t'rool .:!.... . ,,.,.. 1 , . " a in n 01 .)U -s ..vv. iutr. with tr.i i'.-.n l store. ...ucm ,ui ,orsce , Sllu4!.f-n "uppiies for Cu i. . ire li.in . 1 1 . muster s couiaiit rbu Lift XTX y rJ from For raj,0 ! mi '.bM. "w the Idi, re ter s command orts ! 'a:tai,.n .. . l . Uie ttidian . I ifcu n,m be brought to a rl.w. . I u Ilia a... . -.avv.. n nil - f ..;; .. 1:11 . lwo n"nth 1 1 is to be iX ,ut !,us 'U4J b -i. When the ui08 tre Uu , Uun. .r,bl lin ,i J fficet ,,,pormriion .v r.r .... I

trition to proper au

"THE UNION, THE CONSTITUTION, AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS." VOL. 8, NO. 11. BROOK VILT.E, IND., FRIDAY, MARCH 12, WX WHOLE NO. 376.

thority, then, aud not till then, will hostilities cease. The Tenth United States Cavalry, under Major Kidd, is to be stationed at the new post to be established near the mouih of Medicine Bluff Creek, in the Kiowa and Comanche Reserve, with good animals, ready to strike the Indiana whenever they leave their reservation. Valedictory of Speaker Colfax. Mr. t olfax spoke as follows: Gentlemen: The opening of the legislative day, at the close of which I must enter upon another sphere ot duty, requires me to tender to you this resignation of the office which by your kindness and con6derce 1 have held, to take effect on the election of a Speaker for the brief remainder of this session. The parting word among friend. oK,.,f rt -or, i ' always a regretful tful one. but the farewell which i.l.. r .1.:. ii.ii : .u:i. uic iium mis inn iu nintii 1 .

.: t.:-i.: ijl i ..!..:. 1: . m

me cmuiiuns which n nuum ue useless ro ; vinuicauon or an omciai course so cease ; attempt to conceal. ' lessly assailed and asPkrsed by political ! The fourteen years during which t have leaders to whose plans and wishes my pol- j been associated with the representatives of icy to restore the Union has been obnox- i the peop'e here, have been full of eventful t ious. legislation, of exciting issues and grave; In a period of difficulty and turmoil,! decisions, vitally affecting the entire Re- i almost without precedent in the history! public. All these, with the accompany-j of any people, consequent upon the clos-! ing scenes which bo often reproduced in j ing scenes of a great rebellion, and the; this arena of debate the warmth of fueling assassination of the President; it was, perot our antagonizing constituencies have i haps, too much on my part to expect of passed into the domain of history, and I j devoted partisans, who rode on the wsves j but refer to them to express the joy. which ! of excitemeut, which, at that time, swept! apparently is shared by the mass of our all before them, that degree of toleration I countrymen that the storm cloud of war, ! and magnanimity which I sought to re-:

which has so long darkened our national hot izon. at lst passed away, leaving our

imperiled Union aaved, and that by the : finitely further on the road to permanent decree of our people, more powei ful than peace and prosperity than we have thus Presidents, Congresses or armies, liberty , tar attained. Dcubtless had I, at the Cv.m was troclaimed throughout the land to all ( mencemeiit of my teim of cilice, tiuhesithe inhabitants thereof. tatinuly lent its powers, or perverted thmi Rut I cannot leave you without one 1 to purpose s and ulau outside ot tha Con.

worJ 0( rejoicing - j over the preent conditjon nf liur Republic amiic-t the nations 0f the earth, with our militai v power and ,rao!,t illimitable resources exemplified by tiie War t,at developed them, with our rsj,idy augmentintr population, and the wiconie at our gatts ot the oppressed of ii othpr rlimps with r.r vast n,l i... ing agricultural, mechanical, manufacturing and mining capacities, with our vantage on the two great oceans of tbe globe, and our almost completed Facific Railroad uniting these opposite sh-tes, and becoming the highway of the United Stales of America, mat respeel amot g the powers 0 ,c ot ld UivU insUtCS tile- mallttennce of ail its citizens from or presiion and injustice abroad. Nor is this all The , triumphal progress ot tree isuiiuors Viere ' il as had its potential, influence beyond the i sea. t he right ot me people to govern, ; ; based on the sacred principle of our reso- j luiion that all ' Governments derive their j jjust powers ttotn the consent ot the gov-

i erned, is everywhere advancing, not with : 1 could, ot the unparalleled powers then j tdow and measured steps, but with a. rapi- incident to the office and the times. : dity that in a lew years has been so sign- , Whether or not iu this step I was right, jally illustrated in Great Britain, Spain, , and how far ueserviog of the approbation Italy, Prussia. Hungary and other lands, of all the people, they o.iti now, on reI May we not hope that by the moral but " tl etion, judge when reminded ol tha ruinpowerful force ot our example efforts may ! ous condition of public nffaue that must

everywhere be taken, and that some of us j may live to see that happy era wl u salve- ! rv and tvrannv should no more be known ; throucbout tht world from the rivers to

the ends ot the earth. , itself tn a new netd, by an tttott to punI can not claim lhat in the share I have ish European intervention in Mexico Ry had in the deliberations and legislations of niany it was believed and umed that a ide this House as a member and as an officer f rom the assumed justice of the proceedI have alwajs done what was wisest in ac- i ings, a foreign war. in which both sides lion and ward, lor none of us are infalli- would cheerlully unite to vidicate the honble, but lhat I have striven to perform j or of the National flag and further illus faithfully every duty; and that, devoted, j trate the National prowess, would be theas all know, to principles that 1 have surest and speediest way of awakening

inclines mai l nave e honor and glory of! ways been paramount j s, I can conscientiousdeemed correct, the our country have alwai above mere party tie

j times taken," as they ate by a minority, as j in Mexico, and to inaugurate a movement ' a protest against the power under the rules Inch would have been received with fa- ! of a majority, which has ever been decid j vor by the military, and a large portion of oA hv a atrictlv party vote. If, in the ; the people. Itis proper in this eonnee-

.miek ne.-s with which a presiding ctacei

here is often compelled ro ruie nour auer nnntea aoaiuonai powers tenoerea ro rne hour on parliamentary points, and in the! Executive by the measures relating to civil performance of his duty to protect alt rights and the Freedmeu's Rnreau. Conmembers in their rights, to advance tha . tiary to precedents in the experience'' of progress of business, and to preserve ot the public meu, the powers that were placdcrany word baa fallen ftom my lips ttut ed wi.hiu my grasp were declined as being has justly wouuded any one, I desire lo ; iu vio'atiou of the Constitution, dauger.;ilir.ff ir tinreservedl v. I leave this! ous o the liberties of the people, and

T.I'V. ... I OOlU W HIl 110 ICC! Ulg VI U n v. " . ... t- i ; . 4....1....l., ja.a t. ot unkmdneis to ..... tuember with whom I have been aiso-i-.t in all the vears of the past, having , earnestly tried to practice that lesson of j life which commands us to write our enmilies in the sand, but to engrave our ' III .v: .i,;.. ....!,. .nniip - iriHiiiiiiui uii t Rut the last word cannot longer be de l.r.f I hid farewell to the taithful and .,"...;., o.mstituencv. whose affectionate i.'. t,wtind and etuompassed me .i,v..,,.,h !l the vears of my public life, MllVWi," ml -

Farewell to the Hall, which, in us excue- ariiing temptation ot loreign conquests, 1 mcnts and restless activities, so often , of personal aggrandizement, and the desecmed to represent the throbbings and j sire to wield additional power. Let them, the intense feelings of the national heart;: wuh justice, consider that if I have not and finally, fellow members and friends, j undniy magnified mine office, the public with sincere gratitude for the generous burdens have not been increased by my

support you have always difficult and complex duties Ol me euan , :.i. .1, ..riiiftt wishes for your anu win. - " . 1 1... ,1, i14r.tness ana prospe.nj, .... I ..--..! I an, 1 oiu ywu i-.v--... .ti r hi. I You larewtii. A compiunciiij .s.v... ... . .....mi.uKlv adooted. . Aali.ririn iu ..... tvOiiax was j

trttrrir Rot FtRST Of three kinds j purpose, panders too often to popular pre.r.: "u." ...l f.M. tle.raph.wire supports, judice and party aims. hat, then, have

Ul " , jr.-J the cedar lhe cht9tn.Ut P.lC t .Si so"d .v.. i.nta are stilt south.

JOHNSON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS. Washington, D. C, March 3. To the People of the United States: The robe of office, by constitutional limitation, this day falls from my shoulders, to be immediately assumed by my successor. For him the forbearance and coi operation of the American people iu all his efforts to administer the Government within the pale of Federal Constitution I are sincerely invoked. Without ambition j to gratify party ends or subserve personal quarrels, or to avenge myself at the sacri fice of the peace and welfare of the country, my earnest desire is to see the Constitution of the Republic again recognized , and obeyed as the supreme law of the land and the whole people Worth, South, East and West, prosperous and happy under its wise provisions. In surrendering the high rffi i,;i, 1 ..n.i .......... ' at mnr.hl. and Mrrihl. .-risi, it i. ....

....... ...i... - . ' J'

t . . . .. i I' 1 1 notic. l. iiusi, iu say iu me peupie or ,u n -..j ' . : commend aud entorce. and which I hfliv. in cood time, would have advanced us ina a - stitution, and become an instrument to schemes of confiscation and of and oppressive vliMiuahtic.tion. I tUld have been hailed as tl e embodiment of all that was true, lojal and deceiving ae the reliable head of a party, whatever 1 ntinht have been as the executive of a nation. tr ): i . i . i nwiiiiii, uowever, io aceeue ro tn pro 1 . -.- . . , . , -.

! i . . ,"';fl weisiht are removed will

I ai every iersonai rniaru, my oatn to aeI fend the Constitution, 1 need not, perhaps, be surprised at having met the fate i of others, whose only rewards for uphold - i i .,... i l ....i.... .. j i i ii'K vvi'c'iiuin'iidi iiciHR niivi lawn np,c been the consciousness of ha ving atteniptea io uo tneir uuty, and the ei ment of history. At the time . i . i l i.i mei jii'lci mvstei ious Providence assigned to m the otbi-e terms of the ol I'resldetu, 1 by l tic Constitution, the Commandor-in-Chit. f of neany a million of men under ars. One of my first acts was to disband and restore to the vocations of civil life this immense host, and to divest myself, as far s have resulted iiom the continuance in the military service of such a vast number of men. that at the close of our dome-tic conflict found the army eager to distinguish'. juresr ana speediest way or awaaeinng National enthusiasm, reviving devotion to i the Union, and occupying a force con i ccrninir which grave doubts existed as to ! grave its willingness, after four years of active campaigning, at once to return to the pursuits ot peace. nether these speculations ware true or false, it will be cc needed they existed, and that the predilections of the army were, for the time being, in the direction indicated. Taking advantage of that leeling, it would have been easy, as the Commander-in-Chief of the k . . a a j army and navy, with all power and pat ronage ot tue t residential o tnce at my ! disposal, to turn the concentrated strength of the nation gainst French interference n that I should reter to the almost nn . " ..,...f..i.wftAu....d,-u,.. ull..w.K.. .. 1...... I,a icuun iu " ' .uau ir Jtl a ' discoid naturally reuiliug from our civil war. With a laiee army and augmented authority, it would have been no difficult! task to direct at pleasure the destinies of the Republic, and to make secure my contmuai.ee m the highest othoe known to our laws. Let the people whom I am ad c dressing from the Presidential chair during the closing hours of a laborious term, : consider how different would have been the present condition had I yielded to the 1 . . ... . 1 ' " , 3 v 01 -tens i'i liiuusauua vi mi'ssai'timtu iu vision of false glory. It cannot, there-: 1 1 .v -.- 1 . v.., ..... .... .;r.. v .. ... , ; been that oniiuary or criminal kinu. which i , .i.,..;.. ..c i.. ' vvj .i,v: uc,...i,.i v. I'v'i'i: 0 ...ii.c j and liberties, ever seeks to grasp more and : unwarranted power, and, to accomplish its; been the aspirations which guided me iu ' ofSeial lets. Those acts need nor, at .

this time, an elaborate explanation. They eidered by Congress. Such, however, has , have been comprehensively and fully dis' not been the practice under the present cussed, and become a part of thenatiou's j party rules. It baa become evident that ' history. Ry them 1 am ready to be judg- j man who pass a bill under partinan influed knowing that, however imperfect, they i ences are not likely, through patriotic moat least show to the impartial niiud. thit tives, to admit their error, and thereby my Bole ambition has been to restore the weaken their own organization by solemnunion of the States, faithfully to execate ly confessing it. Under the official oath, th2 office of President, and, to the besl of j pride of opinion, if nothing else, has injury ability, to preserve, protect and de- j tervened and prevented a calm and distend the Constitution. I can not be cen-I passionate reconsideration of a bill dis-

sured if my efforts have been impeded in ithe interests of party faction, and if. a i policy which was intended to reassure and , conciliate the people of both sections of i the country was made the occasion of in Aiming and dividing still farther those who were recently in arms against each other. Yet, as individuals and citizens were desirous, as I shall ever believe, of I I. ...... an iiosuie iee ourying an nostue teelings in the grave i .t he past, the bitter war was wged on the TAft tit thfS (invorn mailt tr. ,r lulnuln i . v j, . . .' ",c wuDiinuiiua Hiia save the Union If i i nate ertea in tryinc to bring abut a more speedy and lasting peace, to ettinguish heart burnings and enmities, aid to prevent trouble iu the South which retarding material prosperity in that, region, injuriously affected the whole countrr. I am quite content to rest my case wita the more deliberate judgment of the people and, as I have already intimated, wiii the! distant future. 1 lie war, all must retismber ti a ftupmdous and depUrable ! mistake. Neither side ui:derstoo the other; and had this simple fact ard its j conclusions been kept in view, all thitwas : needed was accomplished by the uekiowlj ;dgement of the terrible wrong ant the expressed better reeling and earnest endeavor at atonement shown and fSIt in : prompt ratification of the constitutional amendments by the Southern Stares at , the close of the war. The Nation ae?ept inur the war as a confessed and false step on the part ot those who was an error which now on pur. ti.l m-rili'li ftvin i. r tii,.. , o fll- wa should endeavor to palliate. Experi.nc- - ... I, I..... J... ...-l-! !.. log, moreover, as bii iide none, ine irigniful cost of the arbitrament of the sword, let us in the future cling closer than ever to the Conatituiion as our only safeguard. t . . l . . J .1. . . ... .... .11 . L 1. ii is ro oe iiuiieii iiiai i.ui unm ine Lur- . . , uc is i uw I'lrniiiii uimmi ui wnu cuv.il iiaiful weight are removed will our people ; forget the lessons of the war, and remtmi bering them from whatever cause, peace i between sections and States may be per petual. The history of lute events in our 11 the greatest lovernuients of ancient and modem times, teach us that we have everything to fear from , a j departure from the letter and spirit ot the ! Constitution, an, I ihe undue ascendency at' men allowed to assume powers in what are consideied desperate emergencies. Sjlla, n becoming master of Rome, at once adopted measures to crush his enemies; and to consolidate tbe power of his party be establish military colonies throughout Italy, deprived of the full Roman franchise the inhabitants of the Italian towns, who had opposed his usurpation; confiscated their lands, and gave them to his soldiers, and conferred citizenship upon a great number of slaves belonging to those who had proscribed him, thus creating ut Rome a kind of body ' guard for bis protection. After giving , Kcme over to slaughter, and tyranny j . an example over rnose opposeu .o , i i. .. i ... ' I. r .....I 1.;. I.. ......... li.- la,rih . liitlvii. i III III U 1113 ItJklliiiT, mo , i i v i . ment of wrong, Sylia could yet feel safe in laying down the ensigns of power so dreadfully abused, and in mingling freely with the families and friends of his myriad victims. The fear which he had inspired continued after his voluntary abdication aud were in his retirement. His wg ,a j theotse subtle 'k ill was law to a people who had permitelves to be enslaved. hat out nowledge and conviction that the Roman people had become changed; discouraaed and utterly broken in spirit ! ,., - i ......:. o could nave inuuccii u....s .-u.uf ,

What but puMic ltidineretice to eonse-!officef quences so terrible as to leave Rome open to every calamity which subsequently met

her Could have justified the ecua'UslonS , tifiod the of the dtctator and tyrant in his startling experiment? We find that in the time which has since elapsed human nature " I and exigencies in Governments have not greatly changed. v no, a lew years ago, i in contemplating our future, could have supposed that, in a a brief period of bitter experience, everything demanded in tne name oi 1u11.1a.jr v. or tated bv caprice would come to be considered as" mere matter of course? That conscription, confiscation, loss of personal liberty, the subjection of States to military rufe and disfranchisement, with the extension of the right of suffrage merely 1.1 acoomolish party euds, would receive the passive submission if not the acquies-, 1 - veuce ot me peopie o. m utfuu.it. i4 uas oeen cieanj uturjuon.itu .cni occun ences lhat encroachments upou the! Constitution cannot be prevented by the. President, however devoted he may be,! that unless the people interpose, there is no power under the Constitution to check a dominant majority of two-thirds of the) Congress of the United States. An ap-, peal to the nation is attended with too: much.delsy to meet the emergency. While j left free to act the people would correct in ! time such evils as might follow legislative usurpation; yet there is danger that the s same power which disregards the Constitution will deprivo them of the right to change their ruier except by revolution. ; We have already seen the jurisdiction of the judiciary circumscribed, when it was apprehended that lhe Courts would decide against laws having for their sole object; the supremacy of party, while the veto , . 1 . . -1 .l.....i...lr..td 1 1, 1. r n ... power 1.V.1 cp:1 in the executive dt inci Constitution tor the interest and protection of the people, and exercised bv Wash ington and his successors, baa been reodered nugatory bv a partisan majority ot two-thirds in each a trancn ot the national Legislature

The Constitution evidently contemplates! only; that they have made judges depen- seniors w,H be the only hope of preaervthat when a bill is returned with the Pres- dent oti their will alone for their tenure j ing the Republic. The young men. ot the ident'e objections, it will be ealmly recon ,f offices and the amount and p iymeut of iation, not jet uuder tbe eontrcd of party,

approved bv the executive. Much as I venerate the Constitution, it must be mitted that this condition of affairs adhasj developed a defect which, under the aggressive tendency ot the legislative department of the Government, may readily work its overthrow. It may, however, be remedied without disturbing the harmony of the instrument. The veto power, is generally exercised upon constitutional j grounds, and whenever it is so applied, and the bill returned with the executive's reasons for withholding his signature, it ought to be immediately certified to the Supreme Court of the United States for its decision. If its constitutionality shall be declared by that tribunal it should then become a law, but if the decision is other wise it should fail, without power in Coni . ., the veto rests upon hasty and inconstder- -. . . : . i . v, ; u ate legislation, and in which no cunstita tional question is involved, I would not change the fundamental law, for in such cases no permanent evil cau be incorporated in the federal system. It is obvious that without such an amendment the Government as it existed Under the Constitution, prior to the rebellion may be wholly subverted and overthrown by a two-thirds DiHjoriiy in Congress. It is not therefore difficult to see how easily and rapidly the people may lose (shall I not say I have lost?) their liberties, by an unchecked and unoontrollable majority in the law mak-i

inaugurated it, ing power, and whanever deprived of their stri,!p;j the ern,ino trom ,h j . : d constitutional rule, are known suddenly time cat, ; rights bow powerless they are to regain . ,ran7ferred the sword of Justice to Ihe . VloT,cd b ,h !'?,ion- 1? matter of t ki lain if i S k gb t I ) 1 1 1 1 1 i i r 1 1 1 n ..4 . . AT .

them. Let us turn for a moment fo the history of the nmjority in Congress, which has1 acted in such utter disregard of the Consti- , tution. While public attention has been carefully and constantly turned fo the past and exposed ems of the fcouth, and the servants of the people in high places have boldly outraged their trust, broken their oaths of obedience, and unuerminded the very foundations of liberty, justice and good govern ment, when the rebellion was being suppressed by the volunteered services of patriot soldiers, amid the dangers of the battle fiald, these men crept, without -o ' inf( . , ' ace and power in the na tional counsels. After all datiuer had passed, when no armed foe remained, when a penitent people bowed their heads to the flg, and renewed their allegiance to the i Government of the United States, then it was pretended patriots appeared before the nation, and began to prate about the thousands of lives and millions of treasure sacrificed in the suppression of the re I bell ion They have since persistently ; sought to inflame the prejudice engendered j between the sections to retard the restoration of peace and harmony; and by every ! means to keep opon and exposed to the j poisonous breath of party passion the terrible wounds of a four years wr. They have nrevented the return of neaee'ntid . r.rut: r tha it ... ......... . -" , , , dBillsia ,hfi nnrr)M.. nrn,ia . . . . . r 1 and pledges by which the army was mar shaled, treason rebuked aud rebellion crushed, and made the liberties of the people and the rights and powers of the President objects of constaat attack. I hey have wrested from the Pres'dent bis Constitutional power of supreme command of the ariny and navy. They have destroyed the strength of the Executive. Department by making subordinate officers 1 independent of and able to defy their Chief .Magistrate. I hey have attempted j ft nlaa I h I'rtdiilfnr iri.)up t K r, ...cx .,1! , " f,-v" ..... .... Do)d defiant and treacherous Cabinet They have robbed the Executive of he j,rer0latiTe 0f Pardon. Rendered : iuj aDj oij acs Qr cemerji,y trated to . . under tha nmvii.,n of the Consritution, and committed gron usurpation by legislative attempts to exer - i rise tkia power in favor of party adherents. 1 hey have conspired to change the system of ouf fjoverntliellt by preferring charges against ,ha l-,e?.iaent in the farm of atticles of Itripeachnent, and contemplating, before hearing or trial, that he should be pi-eed under arrest: held in durance, and. when it become their pleasure to pronouuee uis senience. unen irom Place driven and rower in disgrace. They have, in time of peace, increased the national debt! by reckless expenditure of public moneys, aud thus added to the burdens which alrea.lv unili nr.n iIia np.ii.lo- tUov h a pC,Iuitted tie uatiou lo suffer the evils of ! a deranged cu currency and the enhancement iu price of all the necessaries of life; they have maintained a large standing army for the enforcement of their measures of oppression; they bave engiged in class legislation, and bull: and encouraged monopolies that the lew might be enriched at the expense of the many, they hive failed to act upon important treaties endangering! our peaceful relations with foreign powers, Their course of usurpation has not been limited to inroads upon the Executive De partineut by unconstitutional and oppress - ive enactments. The people often States of the Union have been reduced to a con - dition more intolerable than that from which the patriots of the Revolution re - bollion. Millions of American citizens en now 94v to their oooressors. with more truth than our fathers did of British tyrants, that they have forbidden the goveruments to pass laws of immediate and prasuig importance, until their asseut should be obtained; that they bave refused to pass other laws for the accommodation ni' i-jrtr- rlistriois of Deoold unless theso peopie would relinquish the right of repre5 senlation io the Legislature a right 1 ioes- ! tunable to them and formidable lo tyrants

il that the? have er ited a multitude of new officers, and sent l.iiher swaruia of offi'ers to harass o lr people and eke out their subsistence; that they have affected to render the miiiiarj independent and superior to the civil power, com bined with others to subject ua to a jurisdiction foreign to our Constitution and unacknowledged by oar laws, quartetad large bodies of armed troops among u protected them by a mock trial frm punishment for any murders which thev j should commit on the inhabitants, iuiwed taxes upon us without our consent, de- j ial by jury.! prived us in many cae trial by j taken away our charters, excited dou eatic ...auneiM.uu nuiong a, aooii-Led our most valuable laws, altered fundamental ly the forms of our Governmant, supet ded our own Legislatures, and declared tbemselves invested with power to leKiPlate for us in all cases whatsoever. This catalogue of crimes, lone i. U as i! iKii coinpieta. lae constitution vests I the judicial power of the United States in one fcupretue Louit, whose jllridic!ion shall extend to ail caea arising under the J Constitution and laws of the United Statea. j Encouraged by this promise, a refugee I from tyranny, a citizen of the F Mates also, by the order of a mihtaav com ' . . ' J . . ' " " j "'ii'uci, inii uuijsr iuc sanetioil ot a i cruel and deliberate edict of Congress, had j been denied the constitution.! " rights of I liberty of conscience, freedom of the press, ! and ot speech; personal freedom from miliI tary arrest; of being held to answer for crime only upon presentment of an indictment; of trial by jury; of the writ of habeas corpus, and the protection of a civil and constitutional ijovernra.nt. - " I .( 1 1 I fiu'CI II IU VII I, citizen thus deeply wronged appeals to the s. (. ... ,?.,..... .... . : him b th. ,a nt. i...i At once a fierce and excited majority by . k.. . .1.1 I. - J f , J J iuc runiiess iu no or leaTtsiativo Dowers Ueneral, and remanded the oppressed citizen to a degradation and bondage worse than death. It will also be recorded as one of the marvels of the times that a party claiming for itself a monopoly of consis. ic-iiuy anu lairionsm, ana uoastinrot its j unlimited sway, endaavorwd, by a costly' I and deliberate trial, to impeach one wl.oj j defended the Constitution and the Union, I 'not only throughout the war of the re-! j belhon, but during the whole term of i office as Chief Magistrate, but, at the same time, cou'.d nnd no warrant or means at their command to bring to trial even the chief of the rebellion. Indeed, the re markable failures in the case were so oftn repeated that for propriety's sake, if for no other reason, it became at last neeesv-ary i ofr.rl K.m !:.: I . .. J. WL . ..... .'I". uon. nnai more plainly tnan ttlis lllustratea the extremities of party management and inconsistency on one hand, and of faction, vi ndicti veness and intolerance on tha other? Patriotism will hardly bt encouraged when in such a record it seea that its instant reward may be the most virulent party abuse and obloquy, if not attempted disgrace. Instead of seeking to make treason odious, it would, iu truth, seem to have been their purpose rather to make the defense of the Constitution and Union a crime, and to putiUh fidality to an oath of office, if counter to party dicta tion, by all the moans at their command. Happily, for the peace of the country, the war has determined against the assumed

their

power of States to withdraw at pleasure i stead of that Le dicbaudcd the army and from tha Union. The institution of slave i vuluutariljf put this power out of his ry also found its destruction in a rebellion hauds. And tor this he wauls the credit commended in its interest. It should be for patriotism unexampled since Caar rebornein mind, however, that the war neith- fused tae offered crown. r impaired nor destoyed the Constituj No one is inclined to dispute the list of tion, but on the contrary preserved its ex j virtues inscribed to the departed; but wa islence and made apparent its real power rather think that Mr. Johuson does in-

and enduring strength. All tbe rights j granted to the States or reserved to the people are therefore intact. Among those rii.ht w ttiut nK rh ridiinla rtf ..fl, 2f,,fA , to declare tha qualification of their ow n State electors. It is now assumed that j Congress can control this vital right, which : can never be taken away from the Slates, i without imnairinvr the t'u nda mn tal nrim-i. pie of tbe Government itself. It is neces- , sary to the existence of the States, as well ! as to the protection of the libertie of the i people; tor the right to k elect tha elector in whom the political power of the State shail be lodged, involves the right of the Stvte j to govern itself. When deprived of this I prerogative the States will have no power i worth retaining. All wiil b irone. and i they will be subjected to tho arbitrary will 1 01 cn"trw. ie unieriiiLciii win men ! be centralized. If not by the passage laws then by the adoption, through parti j san influence ot an amendment direct.y ! conflict with the original dei:u of the ; t"o u i i t utio ti. Thia nroves how neces-arv jit is that the people should require the administration of the three great depart - mcnts of the. govcrumeus to be strictly within the limits of the Constitution.

! Their boundaries have !eeu accurately da I me Governments ot tiie States, and older- ! fiued and neither should be allowed to ca tue r:.-t. jiruotion ol othera uuder bia-

tresrjass 011 the other, nor above all to eo - croaen upon the reserved right ot ttie pro- , pie and tha States. Tlse troubles of lhe I past four veara wiil prove to the nation i j blessings if tfiey produce so desirable a '. result.. Upon those who become young ' men atr.id the sound of caution and Oiu oi i arms, aud who quietly returned to the ; farms, the factoriers and the schools of ! the land, will principally devolve the ' solemn duty of perpetuating the u:.ion ot j the States, in the defence of which bunj dreds of thousands of their comrades ex- ; nired. and hundreds of millious of nationI al obTigations were incurred. , manly peopie will not I uecesasry to resist neglect the training aggression, but they ' should bejeiious lest the civil be made I subordinate to tho military element. W need to encourage, in every legitimate way, I a study of the Constitution for which the i war was waged a knowledge of, aud rever- ! ence for, whose wiae checks by those so i soon to occupy the places filled by their

...... rr 7 i (NT 1 H uaa-qaartaref a colaB.... One-eivkth af DaTd fVL" wtl"-tt ! in all eases , paid for la advance. f P'" tint. i. Byecil.d when ueredoat and rhard aeeoraS1j. " n-.Bst resist the lendencv to centralisation iMjrrwwih i tbe Krcat rebellion, aud L'e ""iar wuh the at that tbe country" eons,.- of the United States, and that when she Stto surrendered certain great ngt't i'crtl.e SJkc of more perfect Ut.ioa, tey retutn rLu v:..,atic aud important as rho,ft ily .ciiiujuhhed for th common wo;l. Ttii.i aJund old doctrine far different from the teuchinjjs that led to tha attempt to secede, and a -kindred theory that the Statea were taken out of the Union by the rash acts of contniritn lhat happened to dwell within the borders, must be received and dvi.i.l ;ri. ; enthusiasm ol early manhood, or the peoj pie will be ruled by corrupt combinations , of the commercial centers which, plethoric from wealth, annually migrate to the I Capitol of the Nation to purchase special i legtalatioo. Until tbe representatives of j the people in Congress mor fully exhibit ,Ue diverse views and interests of the whole juaison aua laws cease to be made, without ; full diticussion, at the behest of some party iaur mere wni never uts a proper respect shown by the law-aiakiog power, cither to the Judicial or other Executive branch of the Government. The generation just beiuuiiig to use the ballot box. it is believed, only need that their attention should be called to these considerations to indicate by their votes that they wish their representatives to observe all the restraints which tlie people, in adopting tha eouttitutiou, intended to impose oa party excess. i rtl,win 7 aiuinutrtion or ! . Oo,er0Bienf 1 hat, with a sense I acf oun.",Ull,,Jf to (iod' liviaS un : scientiouaiy endeavored to discharge nay 1 I , , . . 1 nothinsr to regrei. ' Events have proved the correctness of tha ! I'''cy -et forth in my first aud subsequent messages. 1 he woes wuich have followed ! ti e rejection of forbearauca. masrsanimitv. -iiu ti.uutiniuu, in reuiina iron ; the exalted position in the gift of the peo- : pie, to feel aud know that iu a long;, ar duous, and eventful public life, my action -has never been inlueuced by a desire for gain, aud that I can, in all sincerely, inquire whom have I defrauded? whom hay 1 oppreed? or 'at whese hand h-ave I received any brib to blind my eyaa therewith. No responsibility for the wars that have beeu waged or bio id that has been shed restu upou ine. My thougbta have been those of peace and iny effort Uus been to allay contentions among my countryman, borgettiug the pist, let us return to the brt principles of the Government and uuf urling the banner of our eo'intry, ; inscribe ui'oii it. iu inertacable characters. ""'"'"" uu OUIUU. OOB '!' ks i ...... ; i .l it U'i inseparable." Signedj Andrew Johnson. W ashing i on, D. C, March 4, 18G8. : ( I -Mr. Johnson's Malediction. Johnson has delivered a farewell I addrass, as beoomoth tho father of his I couutry; although .Mr. Johnson has been ! rather the country's step father. The address assores us mat buJ as Johnson has beea, he might have been worse. For instauce, he says lis was Commander-in-Chif of a great triumphant army, and ttiSt instead of dif-bnuding it, he might hkve ted it to new conquests, and used it to perpetuate his own power; in short, made iiimseli d.ctator aud king; but injustice to tho character aud intelligence j ot" the Americau soldiers. I hey arc not i f 'he material that unscrupulous military ' oil lit Hi a li Ae rs USA til hfl'.'.o II l. In IS I'll I nnvpr. rr , and that tyrants retain by pay tD," ! turow ibo nbertios of their country.! ; J oim.-on has gone through the expej, j of this war without baviug voupieu4 i Hie character Ol tue men who left I j busioess and families to tight it. .mT ! could uot have held iheui in Ins command ' to carry out any project lor his aggran- : u.zcmeut, uor to cutvr upon any uulawlul Iu cigu war. tie luaullo the great body of voiuuieers wuo avo thoir lives to the country 't service trout purer motivco iuu Lie baa any oouctliilou ui. Mr. Juuiiavu speaka of his "retiring troui 1 11c uiobt exaited position iu tbe gilt ot luu IicL.-.u." lie euciua to bave Der- . ... y.vyf.

All inbsaqae? t iairtiomt , per ,mtm..., 7IAKLY- ..... Ops aamn, ekaag.aU, eaartarlv...-. Oae-balf of a colma

of!,"!,a: niu.toif that uo wa elected to the

, i iesiueucy, jui 11 is tue common auppo-

iu.aiuiu mat iue tiiot ot oue man

elected j umi to iLat exalted poation. I tie Uiiia the cuaraes against the iiritish j Crown, in tiie Declaration of Indepeudauee, ! and ui us mom aamd Longre&s; but wad ! u "' epciea -of arbitrary acta that Jonneou did uot commit? lie overthrew j eouaaim.a oi ouniao. tie . ordetea..th il euiliuo. lUiiiiaiy .1 ial au ejLcoutioa Ue iicia prisouers. wauuut tic r'ti tuipiorily oruered teguidiiy liiociod iu Stdti-b who. t ujciils he bad onialUcd aud ucc d.epiaccd by tae luiuiary. tie m i ou iii uitiiiiy power above the cini uowei. uuiii mo civil power iuter- ; posed and istumuil Us lawful control, tie gave exumplua ot every kiud of arbitrary acts; Put he did uot do these to restore peace. While the issues of a great war were vet to be settled, he, bavins accij dentally succeeded to the executive ofiice. I weut over to the enemy, aud threw tha vast inilue jc of that oi&ce ti revive the. spirit ol me lUeu prostrate tebtjluoti, audio iiiripue it with ine hope of aeixiug political power, aud d.eiaitug terms to uatiou. i tu daatrojed the fair promis of oave, and has kept the land la tut.itoil tor tnree yuars. Tula great oriuitt wui uiak Johuaon'a ' uduia mfamoua iu history. fGaxaUe. 7

if