Indiana American, Volume 8, Number 5, Brookville, Franklin County, 29 January 1869 — Page 1

PUBLlsBED EVERT FRIDAT BY

0. II. BINGHAM, Proprietor. Office in the National Bank Building, (third story.) TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: PER YEAH, IN ABVAKC1. $3,00 " IT Jffc'i FAID IS ADVANCE. postage on papers delivered within this County. FISHER'S GHOST. In the colony of New South Wales, at a place called Penrith, distant from Sidney about thirty-seven miles, lived a farmer named Fisher. He had been, originally, transported, but had become free by servitude. Unceasing toil, and great steadiness of character, bad acquired for bim a considerable property, for a person in his station cf life. His lands and stock were not worth less than four thousand pounds. He was unmarried, and was ubout forty five years old. Suddenly Fisher disappeared; and one of his neighbors a man named Smith gave out that he had gone to England, but would return in two or three years. Smith produced a document, purporting to be executed by Fisher; and, according to this document, Fisher had appointed Smith to net as his agent during his absence. Ftsher was a man of very, singular habits and eccentric character, and his silence about his departure, iustead of creating surprise, was declared to be "exactly like him." About six months after Fisher's disappearance, an old man called Ben Weir, who had a small farm near Penrith, and who always drove his own cart to market, was returning from Sidney, one night, when he beheld, seated on a rail which bounded the road Fisher. The night was very dark, and the distance of the fence from the middle of the road was, at least, twelve yards. Weir, nevertheless, saw Fisher's figure seated on the rail. He pulled his old mare up, aud called out, 'Fisher, is that you?" No answer was returned: but there, still on the rail, sat the form of the man with whom on the most intimate terms. he had been i Weir who j was tint drunk, although he had taken i several glasses of strong liquor on the road jumped off his cart, and approached the rail. To his surprise, the torm van- i ished. "Well," exclaimed old Weir, "this is very curious, anyhow;" and, breaking several branches of a sapling, so as to mark the exact spot, he lemouuted his cart, put his old mare into a jog-trot, and soon i reached his home. Ben was not likely to keep this visiou a secret from his old woman. All thut he had seen he faithfully related to her. "Hold jour nonsense, Ben!'' was old Belly's reply. "You know you have been a drnkirg and disturbing of your imagination. Ain't Fishera goue to England? And if be had a come back, do you thiuk we shouldn't a heard on it?" "Ay, Beit!" said old Hen, "but he'd a cruel gash iu his forehead, aud the blood a iH trcsli like. Faith, it makes me shudder tothink on't. It were his ghost " 'How can you talk so foolish. Ben?" said tie old woman. "You mu-t be sure ly, to get on about ghostess-j "I tell thee I am wot drunk," replied ild Ben, angrily. "There's been foul I lay, Betty; I'm sure on't. There sat risl.er on the rail not more than a matter of two mile from this. Egad, it were ou l:U on fence that he sat. I here lie wa. in his shirt-sleeves, with his arms a folded; just as he used to sit, when lie was a nailing for anybody coming up the road. Bless you, Betty, I seed 'iui till I was as close as 1 am to thee; when, all on a sud den he vanished, like smoke." "Nonsense, Ben: dou't talk of it," said old Betty, "or the neighbor will only laugh at you. Come to bed, and you'll lorget all about it before to-morrow uiarning.M Ukl Ben wnt t bod. but he did not next hor:iDg forgttali about what be had , Men on tW ireiou night; on the contrary, he was more positive tfeiin before. Hcwevcr, at the earnest, and often-repeat- ; il rc.juest of the old woman, he promi.s- j d tut to mention having feea Fisher's! :hon, (or (ear that it aught expos him i to liUuuk;. On the following Thursday night, when old Hen was returning from market j gam in ins cart he saw, seated tiron

the same tail, the identical separation, and looked keenly along the surface of lie had purposely abstaiued from driuk- the smooth and stagnant water. Presenting that day, aud was iu full possession of ly he jumped up, uttered a cry peculiar his no noes. On this occasion old Ben was to the natives when gratified by finding too nmcii alarmed to top. He urged the some long-sought object, clapped his old cuare , aud got home as speedily as hands, and, pointing to the middle of the possible.. As ptxjti as be had unharnessed j pond, to where the decomposition of some and fed the aiare, and taken his purchas- sunkeii substance had produced a slimy os out of the cart, he entered his cottage, coating, streaked with prismatic colors, he Jtghtod his fipe, sat over the fire with his j exclaimed, " White man's fat!'' The pond better half, and gave her an account of i was immediately searched; and, below the ix tt he had disposed of his produce, and ' spot indicated, the remains of a body were

nai ue had trought back from Sidney in return. After this he said to her, I! TV ... . . ' ell, ; i m not druuk to-night, am If h ' anyhow, j 'No,'' said Betty. You are quite sober feasible like, to night, Ben; and therefore ou hae come home without any ghost jour head. Chests! Dou't believe ti'-prc is such things." "Well, you are satisfied I am not drunk, hut peifectly sober," said the old man. "Yes, Ben," said Betty. 'W ell, then,' said Ben, "I tell thee what I saw Fisher to-night, agiu!' "Stuffi" eried old Betty "u way say tttjf" said tbe old farm"but I tell you what L saw him as ruinly as I did last Thursday night, fcontli is a bad 'un! Do you think Fisher ould ever have left this couutry without votiiing to bid you and me good b? ' wivji saiu oia oeiiy. 'Aow orink Your irrour and smoke vmi i., nd think no more about the ghost. 1 vtti't hear on't ." l "... i i o . i as iona oi my grog and my ".most men," said old Ben; "but I'm not ,g to drink anything to night. It may be all fancv ,i l,lllj ip . V noj going to .Vll Mrar L .1 I nd ihar L C!' I-f ' ,"U 1 ne iot ht, ..! i. - l o-- -y mm itu me nouse. Mr. Grafton was a gentleman who lived hout a mile from old Weir's farm. He been formerly a lieutenant in the but w" no " hlf-pv, and was a " er. ln the new colony: be was, morem the coiuuiissiou of peace.

VOL. 8, NO. 5. When old Ben arrived at Mr. Grafton's j house, Mr. Grafton was about to retire to, bed; 1ut he requested old Hen might be ' shown in. He desired the farmer to take ; a seat by the fire, and then inquired what, was the latest news in Sydney. j The news in Sydney, sir, is very small, ; said old lien: "wheat is falling, but maize still keeps its price seven and sixpence a bushel: but I want to tell you, sir, something that will astonish you.'' "What is it Ben? ' asked Mr. Grafton. "Why, sir," resumed old Beu, ' you know I not a weik-minded man, nor a fool, exactly; for I was born and bred in Yorkshire." "No, Ben. I c'oa't believe you to bo weak-minded, nor do I think you a fool," said ftlr. Grafton; but what can you have to say that you come at this late hour, and that you require such a preface?' ' That I have seen the ghost of Fisher, sir, said the old man; and he detailed the particulars of w hich the reader is already in possession. Mr. Grafton was at first disposed to think, with old Betty, that Ben had seen Fisher's Ghost through an extra glass or two of rum on the first night; and that ! on the second night, when perfectly sober, he was unable to divest himself of the idea previously entertained. But after a little consideration, the words "How very singular!" involuntarily escaped bim "Go home, Ben," said Mr. Grafton, "and let me see you to-morrow at sunrise. We will go together to the place where you say you saw the ghost. Mr. Grafton used to encourage the aboriginal natives of New South Wales (that race which has been very aptly described as "the last link in the human chain") to remain about bis premises. At the head of a little tribe then encamped on Mr. Grafton's estate, was a sharp young man named Johnuy Crook. The peculiar faculty of the aboriginal natives of New South Hales, of tracking the human foot not only over grass but over the hardest rock; and of tracking the whereabouts of run ways by signs imperceptible to civilized eyes, is well known; and this man, Johnny Crook, was famous for his skill in this particular art of tracking. He had recentlv been instrumental in the ap prehension of several desperate bushrang- I crs, whom he bad tracked over twenty-J seven miles of rocky country aid fieldsj which they had crossed bare footed, in j the hope of checking the bl-ic-k fellow in j the progi ess of his keen pursuit with the j horse police. j When old Ben Weir made Lis sppear- j ante iu the morning at Mr. Glutton's j houe, the black chief, Johnny Crook, i was summoned to attend, lie came and brought with him several of his suljects. j The party set out, old Weir showing the way. i lie leaves on the branches tit the sapling which he had broken on the first night of seeing the ghost were withered, aud sufficiently pointed out the exaet rail on which the phantom was represented to have 6t. There were stains upon the rail. Johnny Crook, who had then no idea of what he was required for, pronounced these stains to be "White man's blood;" and, after searching about for some time, he pointed to a spot whereon be said a humau bodv had been laid.

lu New South Wales long droughts are,' who swore that they believed the signature not very uncommon; and uot a si ngle to be that of the deceased. He, producshower of rain had fallen for seven months : ed a will, which had heen draw n nr. hv

previou.Mj noi sumcient eveu 10 lay me n: . . i .i - aust upon the roads. In consequence of the time that had elapsd, Crook had no small ditliculy to contend with; but in about two hours he succeeded in tracking the footsteps of cue man to the unfrequented side of a pond at some distance. lie gave it at his opinthat another man had been dragged thither. The savage walked round and round the pond, eagerly examining its bordeis Mid the sedges and weeds spiingiug up around it. At first he seemed baffled. No clew had been washed ashore to show that anything unusual had been sunk in ! the jpond, but, having finished this exam- j ination, he laid himself down on his face discoveied. A large stone and rotted silk handkerchief were found near the body; these had been used to sink it. That it was the body of Fisher there could be no question. It might have been identified by the teeth; but on the waiscoat there were some large brass buttons which were immediately recognised, both by Mr. Grafton and by old Pen Weir as Fisher's property. He had worn those buttons on his waistcoat for several years. Leaving the body by the side of the pond, and old Ben and the blacks to guard it, Mr. Grafton cantered up to Fisher's house. Smith was not only in possession of all the missing man's property, but had removed to Fisher's bouse. It was about a mile and a half distant. They inquired for Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith, who was at breakfast; came out, and invited Mr. Grafton to alight; Mr. Grafton accept j ed the invitation, and after a few desul tory observations said, Mr. Smith, I am anxious to purchase a piece of land on the other side of the road, belonging to this I i .""V . - . - ,.P"Ce 'r inI J" lh?.P?er-2 wX!. "Oh, yes," replied Smith. 4'The pow- " whieh 1 h0,d fro,n i9 and he forthwith produced a docuiviiiu ivj ut eigiieu uy risner, but which was not witnessed. 'If you are not very busy, I should like to show you the piece of land I allude to," Mid Mr. Grafton. service," said Smith; and be then ordered hi horse to be saddled.

THE UNION, 'THE CONSTITUTION, AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS

BROOKVILLE, WD., FRIDAY, JANUARY 29, 1809.

It was necessary to pass tha pond where the remains of Fisher's body were then exposed. When they came near to the spot, Mr. Grafton, looking Smith full in the face, said, "Mr. Smith I wish to show you something. Look here!" He pointed to the decomposed body, and narrowly watching Mr. Smith s countenance, remarked: ' These are the remains of Fisher. How do you account for their being found in this pond?'' Smith with the greatest coolness, got off hit horse, minutely examined the remains, and then admitted that there was no doubt they were Fisher's. He confessed himself at a loss to account for their discovery, unless it could be (he saiuj that somebody had waylaid him on ; idn ......1 .1,.. 1.. i .e. i ' v r n i iut iuau huch ue icii ins uoine ior ova ney; had murdered him for the gold and bank-notes which he had about his person, and had then thrown him into the pond. "My hands, thank Heaven!" he coucluded, "are clean. If my old friend could come to life again, he would tell you that had no hand in this horrible murder." ' Mr. Grafton Inntc nnt vcVt.f in (!,;. IHe was not a believer in ghosts.' Could it be possible, he began to ask him self, that old Heir had committed this crime, aim finding it weigii heavily on ins conscience, and fearing that he miht ne detected bad trumped up the story about the ghost had pretended that he was led to the spot by supernatural agency and thus, by bringing the murder voluntarily to light, hoped to stifle all suspiciou? But then he considered Weir's excellent character, his kind disposition, and good nature. These at once put to flight his suspicion of Weir; but still he was by no means satisfied of Smith's guilt, much as appeaiauce were against him. Fisher's servants were examined, and stated that their master had often talked of going to England on a visit to his friends, and of leaving Mr. Smith tomanage the farm; and that though they were sui prised when Mr. Smith came, and said he had "gone at last" they did not think it all unlikely that he had done so. An inquest was held, and a verdict of willful murder found asjainst Thomas Smith. lie was thereupon transmitted to Sydney for trial, at the ensuing sessions, in the supreme court. The case naturally excited great interest in the colony; public opiniou respecting Smith's guilt was evenly balanced. The day of trial came; and the court was crowded almost to suffocation. The Attornej '.General very truly remarked that there were circumstances connected which were without any precedent in the annals of jurisprudence The onlv wit nesses were old Weir and Grafton. Smith who defended himself with great composure and ability, cross-examined them at considerable length, and with consummate skill. The prosecution having closed, Smith addressed the jury (which consisted of military officers) in his defense, lie admitted that the circumstances were strong against him; but he most ingeniously proceeded to explain them. The power of attorney, which he produced, he contended had been regularly granted by Fisher, and he called several witnesses fi - - . . . . . r J l ishers attornev. and bv that will Fishpr had appointed Smith his sole executor, in the event of his death. He declined, he said, to throw any suspicion ou Weir; but he would appeal to the common sense of the jury whether the ghost story was entitled to any credit; arid, if it were not, to ask them,selves why it had been invented? lie alluded to the fact which in cross-examination Mr. Grafton swore to that when the remains were first shown him, be did not conduct himself as a guilty matt would have been likely to do, although he had been horror-stricken on beholding the hideous spectacle. He eluded by invoking the Almighty to conbear witness that he was innocent of the diabolical crime for which he was arraigned, the judge (the late Sir Francis Forbes) recapitulated the evidence. It was no easy matter to deal with that part of it which had refcrenco to the apparition; and if the charge of thejud;e hd any leaning one way or the other, it was decidedly in favor of any acquittal. The jury retired; but, after deliberating seven hours they returned to the court, with a verdict of Guilty. The judge then sentonced the prisoner to be hanged on the following Monday. It was on Thursday night that he was convicted. On the Sunday, Smith expressed a wish to see a clergyman His wish was insumtly attended to, when heconlessed that be, and he alone, committed the murder; and that it was upon the very rail where Weir swore that he had seen Fisher's ghost sitting, that he had knocked out Fisher's brains with a tomahawk. The power of attorney, he likewise confessed, was a forgery, but declared that the will was genuine. This is very extraordinary, but is, nevertheless, true in substance, if not in every particular. Most persons who have visited Sydney for any length of time will no doubt have had it narrated to them. A Model Chargo to a Jury. It eeems to us the following is worthy of the defunct Wouton Von Twiller: "If the jury believe, from evidence, that tbe plaintiff and defendant were partners in the grocery, and the plaintiff bought, out the defendant, and gave him bis note for the interest, and the defendant paid for tbe note by delivering to the plaintiff a cow, which he warranted not breaehy, and the warrantee was broken by reason of the breachiuess of the cow, and he drove the cow back and tendered her to the defendant, but he refused to receive her, and the plaintiff took her home again Rnd put a heavy yoke on her to prevent her from jumping fences, and by reason of the yoke she broke ber neck aud died; aud

if the jury further believe that the defend- ( ant's interest in the grocery was worth j anything, the plaintiff's note was worthless and the cow good for nothing, either for beef or milk, then the jury must find out themselves how they decide the case; for the court, if she understands herself . and she trunks she does don't know how such a case should be decided." i

Planetary Worlds. The whole number of primary planets now recognized in the solar system is' one hundred and fourteen. Of this number j only six were known prr to the year i 1781, when Sir Wtlliank' xletschel, like another Columbus, burst through the heavenlv ' 3 inclosnres and discovered the remote planet Uranus, adding the first1 new string to the old "Lyre of Heaven.'' The uuwearied industry of astronomers, and the powerful aid of the telescope, have brought to the knowledge of the world one hundred and seven planets since the discovery of Uranus. Every American . must feel a pride in the fact, as he casts his eye over the list of the discoverers, that nearly one-fifth of these telescopic i planets wa discovered in the United! States. The latest astronomical publica- ' tions credit American astronomers with ' the following planetary discoveries: 1. Euphrosyne September 1, 1854, Ferguson, at Washington. 2. Virginia October 4, 1857, Ferguson, at Washington. 3. Pandora September 10, 1S5S, Searle, at Albany. 4. Echo September 14, 18C0, Ferguson, at Washington. 5. Maia April 9, 18G1, Tuttle, at Cambridge. 6. Feronia May 29, 1SGI, Peters, at Cliuton. 7. Clytia April 7, 'G2, Tuttle, at Cambridge. 8. Eurydice Sept. 22, 'G2, Peters, at Clinton. 9. Frigga Nov. 12, 1SG2, Feters, at Clinton. 10. Eurynome Sept. 14, 18G3, Watson, at Ann Arbor. 11. Io Sept. 19, 1SG5, Teters, at Clinton. 12. Thisbe June 15, 18GG, Peters, at Clinton. 13. Undina July 2G,, 18G7, Peters, at Clinton. 14. Minerva August 24, 1SG7, Watson, at Ann Aibor. 15. Aurora Sept. 6, 1SG7, Watsoq, at Anrr Arbor. 10. lantLe April 18, 1SG8, Peters, at Clinton. 17. Hecate July 11, ISCS, Watson, at Ann Arbor. 18. Helena August 15, 1SG8, Watson, at Ann Arbor. 19. Miriam Aug. 23, 1SGS, Peters, at Clinton. 20. Not yet named Sept. 7, Watson, at Ann rbor. 21. Not yet named Sept 13 Watson, at Ann Arbor. 22. Not yet named Sept. 16, Watson, at Ann Arbor. 23. Not yet named Oct. 10, 18GS, 18GS, 18G8, 1S68, Uatson, at Ann Arbor. liostou cript. TrausProverbial Philosophy. Say it often; men, as well as parrota, will say it too. The ants march in one line, and overrun kingdoms. Before the journey is over the dogi has run twice the distance. A lie lasts for u day; but it may be the day. While the lightning lasted two bad men were friends. And here is a fable: The Pasha rested by tbe fountain, the flowing waters of which made an oasis iu the desert. His horse and his camel cropped with delight the green herbage near the fountain. Their shadows lay strongly and darkly upon the grass. "How beautiful," eaid the horse, "is that dark form which moves as I move. What grace, what symmetry it shows! I can hardly eat for looking at it." "It is well enough," said the camel, "but look at this one which moves with me. It has all the symmetry and grace of the other; and then, too, it has that pretty little hump on its back." A dervish passing by, who knew the language of all beasts, exclaimed, "How good is Allah, who gives to every creature its oue share of vanity, so that defects seem to their owuer especial beauties and merits." Conundrums. Why is grass like a mouse? The cattle (cat'll) eat it. I On what should a spiritualist journal i be printed? j Wrapping paper (rapping.) J What is the difference between the ocean , in a perfect calm and a leaden image of! Satan? One is a dead level and the other a lead devil. Why do the people that lisp doubt tbe existence of young ladies? They call a miss a (myth.) What is that which we often see, Kings seldom see, and God uever sees? Their equals. If you threw a man out of a window what does he first fall against? His inclination. What is that which lives in winter, dies in summer, and grows with its root upward? An icicle. What proof have we that Cowper was in debt? He o'd (owed) for a lodge in some vast wilderness. What is the difference between a young lady and an old one. One ia careless and happy the other hairless and cappy. ' Paris green the fellow with Helen. who ran away

ikuvv ana neason. . r It is not an uficommon thing in this age that many people are governed by love alone in matters of conjugal address; while many others are influenced by reason. Undoubtedly both love aud reason ought to have a joint interest a mutual share in this important transaction; for these are the fair handmaids which accom pany the few who are so fortunate as to be numbered anions the wise of the earth. The great mass of people who have already entered, ar.d others who may cnter, into the state of n atrimonv., have to j g along 1 the same oruinary thorouiihfaie to one common market; t her ton it is meet that such should occasionally have presented before their minds the coiuoaratite value of these different partners, so they need not traverse this uncertain road with but a single guide. Love looks only to the most immediate, centre objects of ins solicitude, lie is an amorous, near-sighted fellow, any way. and sometimes is pretty treicheious. Le oft times cannot distinctly discover, ob jects two inches from his nose; and yet he will depend altogether upon his vision, and think he possesses a most wonderful penetration. Most frequently ha is not abie to discern any defects, ai.d consequently concludes there are none. Faults, errors, and shortcomings all lie beyond his ken; you may as well try to couvince him of his non-existence as to cause him to believe that suits in matrimony are like law suits, or that wedlock ever. has troubles in its composition. This is the natural consequence of his blindness, lie is reckless in his character; and although, pure in his intentions, yet he would, in his wild career (without the aid of reason ) sink his victim in the vortex of rufc-ery and the gull of desperation. Now couple love with reason. See h utiicrent. "ikeason is to love what n pair of spectacles is to a uear sighted man'' so goes an old maxim, and a correct compari son it is. It enables the little fellow to look beyond the fair face, the sunny ringlets, the brilliant eye, the graceful form and features of his adored beyond the festivities of wedding and the beauties of the imagination to the domestic fireside, to the kitchen comforts, to pudding, and the cash account. That's what reason conjoined with love will do! It assists in the ways and means of living, in providing for the family, as well as in the very simple and easily-acquired business of loving. "Marry the lass that has the cow," was the language of the wise matron who was urging her son between the choice of two youny ladies, one of whom had a cow and the other a looking-glass. The idea that should be inferred bv this trite savins is. 3 IT . . . ; that she whose economy rbtains property by her prudence and industry, will be best ! able to manage the domestic affairs of a , family. As a general thing, such young ' women unite and possess goodness of disposition, evenness oT temper, and a strong attachment to domestic simplicity. a But of the many evils of the present day, one of the greatest is, marrying ftr money only. Do uot, youns tnuo, marry alone for money. Tito re is neither love nor reason in ,uat. Avarice cannot suoceed io acquiring riches in this way with, out receiving due punishment for its folly. Happiness cannot be bought with gold; and every persou must bo poor indeed io the absence of a small share of this iudis. pehsable requisite of the mind happiness. Money, of course, is no objection as a secondary consideration, and where true love is the prime and strongest object in marrying. In marriages, however, where the parties are equal in point of fortune and character, there is little to apprehend, as happiness generally attends such marriages through, the join ney of life; but commonly speaking, the poor and industrious classes are the most eoutented aud happy. In your selection of a companion for life, consult your better judgment, aud let love and reason be blended together. "Sojourner Truth" on the Tobacco Question. That mother in negro Israel, Sojourner Truth, recently visited Milton, Wisconsin, where she was the guest of a Mr. Goodrich, who is an out and out temperance man and a noted hater of tobacco. One morning she was puffing away with a long pipe in her mouth, when her host, Mr Goodrich, commenced conversation with the following interogatory: "Aunt Sojourner, do you think you are a Christian?" "Yes, Brudder Goodrich, I speck I am." "Aunt Sojourner, do you believe in the Bible?" "Yes. Brudder Goodrich, 1 bleeve the Scriptures; thouuh I can't read "em as you can." "Aunt Sojourner, do you know that there is a passage in the Scripture which declares that nothiog uuclean shall iuherit .ht kingdom of Heaveu? ' "Yes Brudder Goodrich, I have hoard tell of it." "Aunt Sojourner, do you believe it? "Yes, Brudder Goodrich, I bleeve it." "Well, Sojourner, you smoke, and you cannot enter the kingdom of Heaven, because there is nothing so unclean as tbe breath of a smoker. What do you say to tha?" "Why, Brudder Goodrich, I speck to leave my breff behiud me when I go to Heaven.'' The Seven Ancient Wonders. There were: 1. T he brass Colossus at Rhodes, 121 feet in height, built by Ceres, A. D. 288, occupying twenty years in making. It stood across the harbor at Rhodes UG. years, and was then thrown down by au earthquake. It was bought by a Jew from the Saracens who loaded 900 camels with brass. "1 " 2. The pyramids of Egypt. The largest one engaged 360,000 workmen, was fiO'yearsin building, aud has now stood at least 3 000 years. 3. The Aqueducts of Rome, Invented by Appius Claudius, the Ceoor. 4. Labyrinth of Psalmetichus on the banks of the Nile, containing withiu one

WHOLE "NO. 370.

', enclosure 1,000 houses and 12 royal pla. 1 tes, all covered with marble, and having ; only one entrance. The building was said to contain 3,000 chambers, and a hall built of marble, adorned with statues of ; the god. j 5. The Pharos of Alexandria, a tower of Ptolemy Philadelph us. in the Tear 17 ! hftore thrisT. It was erected as Christ. It was erected as a light house, ad" contained magnificent galleries of marble a Urge lantern at the top, the light t which was seen nearly a hundred miles off. Mirrors of an enormous size fixed around tbe galleries, reflecting everything in the sea. A common tower now erected in the same place t 6 1,e, walls of Babylon built by or der of St intra miff , or Nebuci adnezzar and finished in one year by 200,000 men. Thf-y were ;f immense thickness. 7. The Tt u, t ie of Diana at Enhesus. ' "'''plcted in ihe reign of Serius, the r i T i t Too -00 broad, and was supported by 123 mai Lie pn.ara. " Are ixv Apple Trees Dying Out ? A very animated discussiou took place at the Fant.ers Ciub of tha American In - Riv i LiiiLV It itn0 tr Hi.ai aht stitn'e, ou Tuesday, Nov. 17, upou the subject of "Applo Trees, the causes of their failure aud modes of relief." We weie pteseut, and took the following notes: Mr. G. W. Southwick, of Mudisou, Iowa,

asked how to make hi fruit-trees bear. They made annually a handsome growth! I" 1853 Lieutenant Brooke obtaioed of wood, and were exceedingly healthy; ! mu ,rotu ,u8 oo110"1 of the North Allannevertheless, he was not able to obtain from j ,ic' between Newfoundland and the them any quantity of fiuit. j Azores, at a depth of more than teu thouAir. T. C. Ft-ucrs reilitd: "I would !sand feet or tKO "lee, by the help of his

suggest draining. Wuhin my own knowl edge there are many orchaids which have been brought back to fruitf ullucss by this simple process. It prevents to succulent a growth, and makes better, sounder wood, Clay land ouht always to be drained, il they are to be p'.au'ud in OicLurds." Mr. W. S. Carpenter said in his section draining does not prove the precise reuie- J dy. That is one of the essentials; but,' il i a ( more mau anyming else, ne oeueves our principal trouble is in the atmosphere. rast winds prevail about ihe time of blossoming or the setting of the fruit, and check it or prevent it altogether by reason of their coldness and unfavorable influence upon the sap. It is true we have trouble enough from in-ects, and we shou'd all guard against theiu. But, if Ihe season is right and the atmosphere favorable we cau expect plenty of fruit of all kinds. The ravages of insects are really discouraging, and there is no other way, if a man desires a permanent orchard of . healthy, productive fruit-trees, but to renovate them propeily, and bestow upon them the best of care and cultivation. Solou Robinson: 4,I have an apple tree as fine as ever grew on the earth, with beautiful appearance, free from insects. and iu good soil; but for the last ten years 1 1 iave not got ten hu. I.c!i oi fruit from it. I repeat ;bc asset :ioa I .vc ..ieu Ui-uj before, that the a j. j lg trees of our country iu siuny aying out, and no hum.iu art Cau save them. Planting new trees in their places may answer iu certain cases, but it does uot help generally. This is au exceedingly important subject; and, if we could d;i&e a remedy that would prove perfectly successful, we would do something we might well be proud of." A stranger who rose suggested that we couid overcome many difficulties if we would remember two things: 1st, to plant our fruit-trees upon new land; 2d, to manure them with leaves aud wood manure eutirely. If we will only do this, we will go back to o!den times, when there was plenty of 4ruit for all. Wiu. S. Carpenter: "I still maintain that the atmosphere is at present the secret of our ill-suocrisi. If, in the coming year, the season and air are only favorable, we shall see fruit so abundant that we will be wiiling to take back all we have said about the trees dying out." T. C. Peter.x; "L have seen an orchard in Western New York which has been manured constantly, with wood manure and leached ashes, and it has never failed to procure a fine crop of fruit. Now 1 thiuk that on limestone soils fruit-trees will not die out; but ou other soils there is a liabilty to do it." J. V. C. Smith; "This 'dying out' ar gument, I think, means that our industry j is dying out. Ihe orchard ofour couutry are in a shameful condition; they are left neglected, they are not pruned carefully, their tops are diseased, their roots art diseased, and the fuult rests iu tiuipie ueglect, rather than a natural tendency to die out. It we would reform all this, we must brace up our industry and work hari." Dr. Trimble: "Some persons are croaking that our apple trees are dying out. They might as well say that our corn or potatoes are dving out, when the truth is i k..K . . I . . .. t i 1 . i : . i i .i. . -ii i to ITOW linotl hirul that will not twur enrn or potatoes, or grain: n in they grow when the grass is allowed to cover the sntire ground and absorb all the nutriment it' ,u j 11 l , should have no occasion with unfruitfulness. If its ii win. u iiicui . - j - the east wind is f ......... I. tk..m the principle hiudrauce. then I eav. Let .... .i i . us stop the east wiud, by giving our trees , . . , . adequate protection, or plaotiug where .1 1 .1 iue easi wiuu cauuot uo auy aaiuaire Mr. Crane: "I have au apple iard left me as an inheritance by- my father, and fully sixty years old. Until within the last ten or fifteen years it bore splendid crops of fruit; but 6ioce then I have not obtained enough to pay for its cultivation Now, I think that the trouble is something more than atmospheric. I believe that apple trees have had the.ir day; laud that they cannot be grown iu our sec won agaio until, Dysome mysterious power, there shall come again a tidal wave or con dition of the atmosphere favorable ior that ! purpose. JSewari, J was formerly celebrated for ita eplendid cider, but where is it now? Apple trees iu New Jersey are a laiiure. P. T. Quion: ' I think that where apph tree, ara well trcatedj receive, their

TER MS OF A D V E R J SING.

" TRANSIENT, 1 Ona quara,(19 liaaa,aaa iaatruaa. Jaa iquara, two inrartioat. .na sare, tbraa imartioa.. U Ml 1 5 3 a a' iH" tMM, pa aaac. ft TIABLT. Onolnia, eeaagaaU qaartarly $7. 4 Threa-ooartera of a ooluma ; One-half of a ooIoibb.. X Otfa-qnarter of a eolmn..w w St Ona-en-hth of oolomn it Traniioat adTartiaamaaai stasia i all him k paid for In adraaoa. Unleaa a partiealar tima U svaeilaa waaa aaaaW ad in, adrartiamaota will ba pealicaa aattl ardered oat aad charged aecordia-:?. just dues of careful attentiou aud manuring with all the elements, natural and mineral, neceBsary to their growth, thej wi:I invarimbly do well. I have apple trees on my place, and I have no trouble with them." Dr. Trimble: "I hnve preached for years that our greats flUi.ers were from the insects.. Some of you Lave not liked it, and it may have been a subject for ridicule;.but you are beginning to find out there is more danger from them then, you imagined, and the eubieet of entomo logy has suddenly assumed an- influence j it never bad before Now I am haonv to say that tbe re is published at St. Looia, Mo., a monthly journal, called. The American Entomologist, devoted to this auhject of tbe Insects Injurious to Vege. tatiou, which is calculated to do much good I have no interest in it; hut, from what I h;iv rAml if ia A,f-A K n V, 1 i it . . . ca.'aD,e ,,,eD tne-r articles are worth . oVila.s of actual money to those troubled with iusecta. I say diatinctly that, if a i farmer will keep his trees free from inj sects, worms, or borer., be will overeome more than one-half the difficulties atteu : dant on the failure of his orchards." Here the discussion cloeed. The Bottom of the Ocean. EY PROFESSOR IICXLST. sounding apparatus. The specimens were sent for examination to Ehrenberg, of Berlin, and to Bailev. of West Point, and I f liosc abie microsconsts found that th ia I dep ;ea mud was almost entirely com posed of the skeletons of living organism the greater proportions of these being just like the Glohigerinoe already known to occur io tbe chalk. Thus far the work bad been carried on simply in the interests of science, but Lieutenant Brooke's method of sounding acquired a high commercial value when the enterprise of laying down the telegraphic cable between this country and the United States was undertaken. For it became a matter of immense impcrtauce to know, not only the depth cf ihe sea over the whole line along which cable was to be laid, but ihe exact nature of the bottom, so as to guard against the chances of cutting or fraying the strands of that costly rope. The Admiralty consequently ordered Captain Dayman, an old friend and ahipruate of mine, to ascertain the depth uf ihe whole line of the cable, and to bring back specimens of the bottom. In former day such a command m this 1souuded v-- n:aub like one of the impossible things which tho yountr prince m the x-airy Tales is ordered prince to do i t.c.uio he CRn obtain, ihe Laud of tha pnucess. However, in the month of June and July, 1857, my lVieud performed the tusk assigued to him with great precision, without, so far as I know, having met with any reward of that kind. The spcimeus oi Atlantic mud which he produced were sent to me to be cxaiiutied and reported upon. The result of all these operations is that we know the contours aud nature of tha surface-soil covered by the North Atlantic for a distance of 1,700 miles from east to west, as well as we know that of any part of the dry land. It is a prodigious plain, one of tbe widest and most even plains ia the world. If the sea were drained off you might drive a wagon all the way frora Valentia, on the west coast of Ireland, to Trinity Bay iu Newfoundland. And, except one. sharp incline, about two huodred ruilea from Valentia, I am not quite sure that it would even be neoessary to put the skid on, so gentle are the ascents and deaeeats upon that route. From Valentia the road would lie down hill for about two hundred miles to the point at which the bottom ia now covered by 1,700 fathoms of sea. water. Then would come the central plain, more than 1,0Q0 miles wide, inequalities of the suifuce of which wouid be hardly perceptible, through the depth of the water upon il varies from 10,000 to 15,000 feet; and there are places in which, Mont Biano might be suuk without showing its peak above the water. Beyond this, the ascent on the American 6ide commences and gradually leads, for about three hundred miles, to the Newfoundland shore. Almost the whole of the bottom of this central plan which exteuds for many Iiuti died miles in a north and south direction is covered by a fine mud, which, when brought to the surface, dries into grayi.-h white friable substance. You can I write with this on a black-board, if you are so inclined, end to the eve it is ouita 'ke very soft, eravisli chalk I . . ' J Examined chemically, it proved to be composed al j most wlo-iiy ot carbonate of lime, and if 3 ., , r e . ., T fas that of.-i piece of chalk was made, and run. . villi . I a microscope, it presents . i , yi i r ti t- ., , innumerable (rlobigrriitce imbedded m the I , J ' r , , . . . ,, i 1 bus this deen sea mud is substantially . , i u n v i ; chalk, I say substantially because there z , are a ;ood i - ,, . , . ' . - , - . immeuiaieiv oeiore us wuicu is me na tire of the Qlobigerlnoe of the chalk--it ia uuueccssary to speak of theiu, A clergyman says it is curious to not how many peopleatfend a circus' 'only because they want to please their children; but still more curious to observe that in many instances it takes two or three able, bodied men, with as many women, to look,, after oue little boy or girl." ShoDkyonhoyh'us, which, being in--, terprfctei, means He that buriea-the-Earth Chief of the Sis Nation, has gone to NewYork to' engege in tnercio'ile pursuits. I Whet ber tha firm immn trill hftShnniiiijnjhoyhau & Co , or He lhat-buries.'W llilh 4 Co., b uot jet divulged.