Indiana American, Volume 6, Number 5, Brookville, Franklin County, 25 January 1867 — Page 1

Weekly 3)3ia.i)a. 9iherica.)?,

7BLISBK9 XYXftY J&IDAT BT J . ;II B I N G n A II , Proprietor. 9 flea la ths ITitlonal lHnk Ealldinj, (third story.) TERMS OF StTCSCniPTIONs 12.10 TEH YEAR, i abtak f . 53,00 " " If 0TFAID IBTABfAXCI. postage oa papert delivered t within this Conoty. ; ; : DENTISTRY. !B rook vi lie. I ndiana INSURANCE. HOHE INSURANCE COMPANY. Tho Leading Insurance Co. of the West. CAPITAL. $300,000 00. Vlrc ana llnrlno IMsUa Tekea oa as reasonable tertnt es any oth.r reliable . Company. 5. iij. Cor. IfclrJ 3q) 5ucqh)or 15. CUAS. C. REAKMT, Pr.ildmt. t. 31. IUmom, SecraUrr. K. M2TER, Arsnt, decMr At Brookvllle, Iot. ATTORNEYS. WIHO MOIIOV. U.M. RAY. MORROW Cc Attorncjs at Law and Solicitors oi Claims, JW 3 rno JHocl, Oppotite rat Office INDIANAPOLIS, IND., Will prattle la tbe State J Federal Coartt 1411, and ! before th Conrt of CUImi und tbe i?erl Dareeai of War, Navy, Toit Ofllee i4 Treaiery Departments at WsihlngtonCity D. 0. J.B3-7 T. a. AOixa r. ataBTi ADAMS & BERRY, (BROOKVILLX, INDIANA,) Oßce over Gallion't Store, TOBACCONIST. ADAM EL131SQ, MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN CIGARS AND TOBACCO OP ALL DESCRIPTIONS, and afto Wlkolr$a!s and Retail Deakr in CltEWIUD ATJD SEI OKI KG ffi 13 & (0 OK ALL KINDS, . tt tue ejr&atnl iFront, Vam Sfrtet, JJrocktiUt Indiana. novIG-ßin . A. JIKEd. T"" HOTELS. VALLEY HOUSE, JAS. 0. TAN IIOR.V. PROPRIETOR. FUDGE HOUSE, BROOKVILLE, INDIANA, WM.H. RESIT, PROPRIETOR. INDIANA HOUSE, 163 Weit Fifth Street, GGGBGOraraAVD, HO. Gideon Ryman, Proprietor. :rxroxv Hotel. HMIE undenlfned I Atting up blsreilJence .od JL U new real? to entertain gu.itt. An; pereun Ith Inf a Buarding II um convenient to tbe Utoukvilla reboots, will find thil a desirable place. It I situated oa tbe FalrSeld Plk., only ono mil. free ua. WM, R. LAUUtt. 8pt. H,lSM-tf UESTCHESTER HOUSE, CORNER Ul&OOMU STREET & ÜUWKRT Oi fAe European iYrfn.j Aeeonmedatio&s for three hundred gueiti. Tit Id httelseentrltjloeated,an4nerto oil bailnei polati. City ear, pan the llo'el to 11 the Forrlei, Kallroad Iepete and plates of aaaieaeat every three minutes, fcing le Rooms, ftper tyj doable, $2. aiarJ-lj J. F. DARROW ACO. MERCHANT TAILORS. . LOUIS THEY, TMCDADT TMLMI, AND SIANUTACTURZR- CT COAIS. PANTS. AND VESTS. EN AMD BOVS, ALSO DEALER JW Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods Shop oa West ilJe Xaja Street, BROOKTILLE, INDIANA. New Clothing Store. 3S. VOGEL HAS JUST CFENED A CLOTUIKQ STORS la MaxwiU'i Saitdlag, wbtta he Ji bo akialtlaf READY MADE CLOTHING Of every deieriptlon, ff.rtef it at moit raooable prie.t. Uo alio baa all Kind, ef Gentlemen's Famishing Goods, Hats, Caps, Trunks, Valises, &c. CALL IN THERE AND SEE IIIS Large una Varied hlock. aoJ9 la

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VOL. C, NO. 5. MESSAGE OF GOVERNOR MORTON, Delivered Friday, January 11,1867. Concluded from latt tceeij . REGISTRY LAW. The purity of tbe ballot box is ensential to tb maintepaoce of free institutions. In so far as it ii corrupted, it not on!y fails to express the will of the peoplo but defeats thoir will, and places tbe political and civil power in the bauds of fraudu lent holders. If wo would have the decisions of the ballot box respected, and tbe voice of the majority peacefully obeyed, it must bo by making our elections an honest exposition of the peoplo's will, an exposition so fairly and certainly made ai to leave in the publio mind no want of conudener in its integrity, uut upon that subject I need not enlarge, aa there is not member of thi General Assembly who does not fully cornprenend ita vital importance, and I will proceed at once to the consideration of the evil for wbicb, if possible, a remedy should bo found. It is a notorioua fact that under our election lawa, jnen go to tbe polls and vote, who at tbo time have not tle right to vote anywhere; that men vote in pre. cintta and townships where they do not reside, aud often voto several tiroes on the same day, at diflbrent places, and some times at the same place. The oath which is prescribed by law to le administered to persons, whoso votes are challenged, bas been found practically to furnish but little security against fraud ulent voting. Tbe statute provides, that if taken it shall be concluMve at to the right of tbe person to vote, aud no other evidence shall Le received to iraponcU its truth. In cities and precincta where the vote is large, it is administered in haste, and is received by tboso who are intent on fraudulent voting as an empty form, which carries with it no terrors, and to which little attention is paid. The only remedy for this evil, in my judguiont, is the enaclment of a law requiring all Icgnl voters to bo registered, in books prepared for thst purpose, and before such oiucers and in such manner and form as may bo prescribed; such registry to be completed by u time certain before the election, kept at a known r Ince and exposed to public in spection, that errors may bo corrected and frauds detected. It has been said, however, that under the Constitution, a registry law cannot be adopted. The constitutional provision is in these word?: "Artici.i: 1. Section 2. In all elections not otherwise provided for by this Con stitution, every white male citizen of tbo United biatcs, of the ago of twenty-one years aud upward, who hall have resided in wie oiaie uunng me biz monins immediately preceding such election; and every wbito male of foreign birth, of the age of twenty-one years and upward who shall have resided in the United States one year, and shall have resided in this State dur ing the six months immediately preceding such election, and shall have declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, conformably to tbo laws of the United States on the subject of naturalization, shall be entitled to vote in the town ship or precinct where he may reside." 1' rotu tins it will or rear that persona otherwise qualified have the right to vote if they are residents of tho township or precinct on the day ot the election, and have bad no previous residence therein, whence it has been said that a law requiring a registry on a day previous to the day of election would be unconstitutional. There is, in my opinion, no force. in this objection. Tho question as to the way and manner of proving residence U entirely within the control of the .Login lature.' It may by law require verbal proof, as it now docs, or it may require the evidence to be in writing. It may accept of the oath of tho person proposing lo vote aa conclusive, or it may reject bis oath altogether, and requiro the testimony of olhcr persons. The Legislaturo has, from timo to time, regulated tbe conipcten cy of witnfKce and the form of giving IcsliiLony in courts of justice, in aomo casca-rcquiring it to be in written depositions taken out of court, and in others tbo personal presence of the witness before the court and jury. It certainly has equal power to dotermine in what manner the proof of residence shall bo made before an election board. All persons claiming the right to vote who are residents of the township or precinct at a time certain before the election, say thirty days, can be legnlly required to have their namea registered, in such place, and in such manner and form, as may be prescribed; and the registry thus made to constitute the legal evidences of their qualification! and right to vote. For such persons who claim to have acquired a residence within the towitahip or preciuct within thirty days before the election, or on tbe day of the election, special provisions cn be made. Tbe constitutional provision of Illinois upon this eul iect is aa follows: "Article II. Section 1. In all elections, every white male citizen above the age of twenty-ouo years, having lesided in the State one year next preceding any election, shall be entitled to vote at such election; and every white malo inhabitaut of the age aforesaid, who may be a resident of the State at tho time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall have tbe right of voting as aforesaid; but no citizen or inhabitant shall be entitled to vote except in the district of county in which be shall actually reside at the time of such election." It will be seen that upon the subject of !J ! L - f . t renueuto in iuo lownsmp or precinct it is tbe same as oura, it beiog sufficient to acquiro the residence on the day of. election. The Legislature of Illinois has enacted a registry law, and have provided that persona claiming the right to vote, whose names are not upon tbe registry, shall make their affidavits in writing, stating specifically the place where tley live, when tbey acquired their residence, and

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9 THE UNION, THE C 0 N ST I

BROOKVILLE, IND., FRIDAY, JANUARY 25, 1807.

their occupation, which affidavit must be sustained by the testimony in writing of some other person of acknowledged residence in the township or precinct. The cases coming under these specific provisions must ordinarily bo few .in number; and give but little delay or embarrassment to the election Board, while the safeguards furnished against fraudulent voting are most obvious. In the one class of cases the registry constitutes tho evidence of the right to vote, and in tho other class the written affidavits, ' and there can be no question as to the legality of both provisions. It is quite possible that a better method can be adopted as to eases of late residence", than that prescribed by the Legislature of Illinois, which I bavo referred to only to show one plan which is in use. I commend the subject to your earnest and immediate attention, trusting that the state of the publio mind and tho condition of parties are such that there will be no hesitation in any quarter in effecting the much needed rcortn. ROLDIXRS AND SEAMEN'S nOJIE. When the war ended and our armies were mustered out of the service, and hospitals broken up, there were many gallant soldiers who were disabled by wounds and diseases contracted in the servico from making their own living and taking care of themselves. Many of them were without home and without friends, who must either pass into the common poor houso of the country as paupers, bo subsisted by private charity, or provided for by the State. The support furnished by private charity would be precarious and uncertain, and justice, humanity, and the honor of the State forbade that these men should suffer for the comforts of life, or find that the pcor house and the society of paupers should bo tbe end and reward of their campaigns, in which they had sacrificed their health and capacity to proviJo for themselves. The Stato had called them to the field, and they had nobly responded by abandoning their occupations, leaving behind them family, friends, the comforts and pleasures of life, and entered the army to fight for a caue in which they had no greater interest than thote who remained at homo to pursuo their avocations and livo quietly and safely with their families and friends. It was not charity, it was tot benevolence on tho part of the peoplo of the State to make liberal and generous provision for these men, but it was a duty than which none could be higher or more sacred. Accordingly, to meet immediate demands for relief, and to inaugurate a measure imperatively demanded by humanity and tho strongest obligations, on tho 1 5th day of May, 18C5, 1 issued an address for the purpose of enlisting the sympathies of the people in establishing a Soldiers' and Seamen's llonis, and in pursuance of the invilatjon contained in it two successive meetings were held nt Indianapolis for the purposo of effecting a temporary organization of a Home for disabled Indiana toldiers and seamen, and to institute a system fur the collection of voluntary contributions sufficient ultimately to place it on a permanent foundation. At the second of theso meetings, held on the 24th day of May, 13G5, a temporary organization was effected, the basis of which will bo seen by rcferenco to a copy of tho proceedings of said meeting herewith respectfully submitted. The temporary Home was opened in tho City Hospital Building of Indianapolis, on the 27th day of August, 1 805, and up to the 30th day of November, 18GG, the number of men admiitcd was 221. Of this number 131 have been discharged, fourteen have died, and teventy-six remain in tho Homo. Early lust spring the Hoard of Directors purchaMed the property known as the "Knigbtstown Springs," in Uush county, at a cost of SS.SOO, to which placo tbo Home was removed on the üth day of April. Tho total expenso of maintaining tho Homo from tho timo it was opened until the 30th day of November last, not including tho cost of purchase, is 517,0C0 8-1. This includes the salaries of of ficers. If we add to the above sum the. cost of purchase, it will make the sum of S25.5G0 81, all of which has been raised by private contribution. 1 herewith submit aha report of Dr. Wisbard, the excellent and successful Superintendent of the institution, and quoto from it the following extract, as descriptive of the property which has been purchased: "The farm consists of fifty-four (31) acres of excellent land, thirty-five (35) of which aro under cultivation the balance a beautiful grovo of forest timber. The buildings are large and commodious, affording atnplo room for about ono hundred patients. They were, however, much dilapidated and out of repair, but have been repaired until they are now very comfortable. Some additions have also been made, in the way of hospital buildings, ttbich are of great advantage in tho treatment of the sick and wounded." As licgering wounds, disease and old age do their work, the number of men to be cared for must largely increaso for some yelrs, and tho question is presented, in what manner the institution shall be maintained? Thus far it has been built up and supported by private contribution, resulting from the labor of a few men, but it caunot be kept in operation longer in this way. The obligation to support our disabled veterans rests equally upon all, while the number of persons who give by private eontributiona ia small, and they are already tired and demand that the burden ahall be made to fall upon all the people according to their capacity to pay. That this demand ia just and patriotic, I will not further argue, and earnestly recomroond that committees be appointed to investigate and examine into the character of the institution, and upon their report, if satisfactory, it be adopted by the State, and appropriations made to carry it on for the ntxt two years.

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T 0 T J Ö N , Ä N tf THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS."

The National Government has made arrangements for the establishment and maintenance of Soldiers and Seamen's Homes in several of the States, and it is quite possible that these institutions when established will have capacity to receive and accommodate all, including disabled soldiers and sesmer of Indiana., When this comes to pass, it will not be necessary to continue our Home, as such, longer, and the fine property where it is located can doubtless be turned to some other humane purpose. But ur.til that occurs, it is, in my judgment, tho duty of the State to adopt tho Home and make appropriations for its support. v . It would not bo just to pass from this subject without stating t! fact that tho general management r lurervision of the Soldier's Home -since ita iirst organization has been under tbe care and direction of William Hannaman, Kfq ;' his heart haa been in his work, and he has given to i unremitting attention, and much of ita success Las resulted from his labor. I TUE SOLDI EH'8 ORrilA.V. Tho soldier's orp' an has not been pro vided for. From a return made by county auditors to a circular addressed to them by Mr. Hannaman, it is estimated that there are in the State 2,070 orphans whoco fathors have perished in the army, and a number of whom are now in the .county pour houte. Their natural protectors and guardians, by whose labor tbey were to be supported and educated, have died in the service of their country. Many of these orphans are left in destitute and helplesa circumstances, without relatives or friends who aro able or willing to give them training and education-. Are hcy not the wards of tho State? Is it not the duty of the State, dictated alike by justice, hnluaiiuy, mm um sacnuce luuue VJ llieir dead fathers, to step forward and as far as possible take the father's place in giving to thefo orphans protection and a sufficient education to fit them for useful and honorable members of society? Can the Eroposition bo strengthened by argument? oes not the baro statement of it carry conviction to the mind and touch the heart of every patriotic man? The way and manner in which this can be accomplished is a proper subject for legislative research and discovery. - But it has been suggested that if the General (Jovcrnment shall finally provide for our disabled soldiers andftcamen, that tbe beautiful property near Kuightstown might be converted into a "Soldiers' Orphans' Home." CEMETERIES AM4 MONUMENTS. The report of Col. James Ulake, who ras appointed Commissioner to represent Indiana on tho Board of Managers of the Gettysburg Cemetery, contains a full history of tho Cemetery, its condition, the amount of money required to finish it, aud the proportion due from Indiana. 1'spcrs will also be laid before you in relation to the Cemetery at Antietam, and asking a small appropriation to defray so much of the expense us falls to Indiana iu the general arrangement. Tbe Board of Trustees of Crown Hill Cemetery, situated about two miles from thi city, donated a sufficient and beautiful part of the Cemetery for the burial of Union soldiers who died in the camp and hofpitals at this place, and such as might bo brought from elsewhere. Tho Government of the United States, represented by General Klkin, accepted the donation, and agreed to pay the Crown Hill Cemetery Association the sum of fivo thousand dollars, to be expended in tbe improvement of the grounds, and tho duad have already been removed from the places where they were first laid, and buried in the new cemetery. In this cemetery there is a high hill, quite overlooking the city, and L recommend that upon this bill the State erect a monument in memory of her brave soldiers who perished in the rebellion. We cannot pay too much honor to the memory of the men who died for their country. This monument overlooking all tho country around, would be the first object to greet the eye of the traveler as he approached the capital, and in the language of the great Webster, when he laid tho corner stono of Bunker Hill monument at Boston: "Let it rise! let it rise, till it meet tho sun in its coming; let tho earliest light of tho morning gild it, and parting day linger and play upon its summit." To this monument each county of the) State should be requeued to contribute ono block, bearing auch inscription an it might choose in commemoration of its dead aud the part it bore in tho war. emighation. On the IStli of January, 1 SCO, Gov. Bake? issued to John A. Wilstach, Ksq., an appointment as "Commissioner for the encouragement of emigration to the State of Indiana, and to take such step& both in the Uuited States and in .Europe as he may deem advisable for that purpose." Air. WiUtach's report is herewith submitted, and your attention invited to the important suggestions it contains. It is not necessary to argue the importance of adding to the wealth and population of Indiana by increasing tbo emigration tu her borders from the various countries of üurope. Tbe agricultural and mineral resources of the State are as yet comparatively undeveloped, for the want of population, labor and capital. Nearly one-fourth of the whole area of the State is a coal field, a large part of which ia said to be of the best quality. Excellent iron ore is found in vast quantities in many of the co&tities and throughout the State. Excepting a few small localities, the soil is rich aud fertile, capable uf producing all the graioa, grasses and fruits ia tbe greatest abundance. Tbe State abounds ia fine timber and living streams of water, and in every respect presents facilities for an easy and profitable agriculture, while ! . .1 . t. : a - - I. . an abundance of coal and water power! lurnunes me means tor manufacturing on the largest acale and cheapest tcnus. Large tracts of conntry are yet unsettled, and in many couuties the population is

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quite sparse, and it ia not too much to say that the State can support in ease and comfort a population threo or four times larger than the present.. , The peoplo of Europe desiring to emigrate to this country can not and will not select Indiana as a home unless tbey are advised there is such a State, and are informed somewhat in regard to its character, population, productions, - improvements, climate, and the special advantages it presents to the emigrant. When we consider how little the mass of the people of this country know in regard to the condition and ejnracter f the interior countries of Europe, we may form some opinion as to how littlo the masses of the people there understand about ourselves and our State. While they may Lave a gen eral knowledge of the character of this country, it is the specific kuowlodge of our State which will bring them to her bor ders, and( this is what we should labor to givo them. I therefore earnestly recommend tho establishment of a Bureau of Emigration, upon a plan similar to that adopted by teveral of the Western States, providing for ono or tnoro agent in Europe, whose duty it shall bo to furnish to persons about to emigrate to America, Information of tho geography, population, wealth and resources of tho State, and tho prospects for health, conjfort, wealth and education presented to those who como in search of new homes, and of such facilities for getting hero as tho Stato may bo able to furnish. Some of our sister States have in this way added largely to their population end wealth ; and while wo aro somewhat late in the b'epinning, it will be later and worse for ua the longer it is put off. The fact that Indiana is rapidly growing in wealth and population, furnishes no rcaton whv that crontli ihould not be nccclcratcd by the use of means so simple and legitimate in their .character, and costing so littlo when compaisd with the great advantages to be derived. I had the honor to call the attention of tho Legislature to this subject at the regular cession in 18C5, and bvg leave to repeat the arguments and representations I then offered. I request your special attention to that part of Mr. Wilstach' report in which he describes tho effort made, and the difficuh ties attending it, to make an exhibition of Indiana productions, manufactures and mineral resources at the "World's Fuir," to bo held in Paris this year. Tho importance of thus presenting to tho people of tho "Old World," in a tangible form, tho great resources of our State requires no illustration. ecnooL8. , - The school fund of Indiana may be estimated in rouni numbers at 7,611,37 41, and is, I believe, larger than the school fund of any other Stato. While our school system is far from being what it ought to be, yet it is being gradually and substantially improved. The standard of qualification for teachers has been elevated, and teaching, as a science, is far better understood than formerly. The want of qualified teachers, which has been one of the chief obstacles in the way of the efficiency of our schools, will be greatly diminished in a few years by the Normal School, which was authorized by tho last General Assembly, and which I trust will bo speedily put into successful operation. The other great evil coDfists in the fact that tho schools are kept for too short a time, and this can only be remedied by increasing from taxation nnd other sources that might bo made available tho annual revenue for school purposes. I will enter into no argument beforo this General Assembly to prove the importance of education and that our schools should bo open to all, and able to furnUh an education sufficient fur -tho ordinary business of lite; but assuming thst fill admit this true, will simply say Ibaf the common schools of Indiana cannot furnish such an education without they aro continued for a longer period in each year. IDUCATION or COLORED CIIILTjnnN. In my mcssago delivered to tbo Lcpiilature at tho late extra session, I picsentt d tho importance of providing fur tbe education of colored children, in language which I beg leave here to repeat: The first section of article eight of our State Constitution provides as follows: "Knowlcdgo and leaning generally diffused throughout a community, being essential to the preservation of a free govcrctrcnt, it shall be tie duly of tU General Assembly to encournge, by all ruitable means, moral, iutelloctual, scicntifio and agricultural improvement; and to provido by law for a general and uniform system of common school, wherein tuition shall be without charge, and equally open to all." The lancuogo of jhis provision i.s very broad, and would teem, in letter ahH in spirit, to embrace all tho children of the Stato without regard to color. Surely it cannot Le denied that, as we have a colored population in our midst, it is our interest, independent of those considerations of natural justice and humanity, which plead to Mrongly, to cducato aud elevate that population. An ignoraut aud degraded element is a burdcu aud injury to society, 'whatever may be ita color. It therefore becomes a matter of sound political economy, as well aa absolute justice, that whatever colored population wo may hsve should be educated and enabled to become intelligent, industrious and useful members of the comluuuity. The laws of Indiana exclude colored children from the commoii schools, and make do provision whatever for their education. 1 would therefore recommend that the laws ba so amended as to require an enumeration to be made of tbo colored children of tho State, and such a purtiuo of the school fund as may be in proportion to their number be set apart and applied to their education, by the establishment of separate schools, under such suitable pro risiens and regulations as my l e proper.

WHOLE NO. 2GC. I would not recommend that whito and colored children be placed together in the same schools, believing, as I do, in tho present stato of public opinion, that to do so would create dissatisfaction and conflict, and impair the usefulness of tho schools. ' I am informed that a system can bo devised, by which scparote schools for the education of colored children can be successfully maintained in various parts of the State, and believe that justice, humanity and round policy require that it should be done. ' By the school law of lC5. negroes and mulattocs sre not taxed for tba support of common schools; but if colored schools should be established, thU .law should be so amended aa to suljf.ct ibcrn to like taxation with white persons for educational purposes. AGniCCLTCBAL C0I.HCt. . By an act of Congrers thirty thousand acres of land were donated to each State for each Senator and representative in Congress for the purpose of erecting and maintaining an Agricultural College. This entitled Indiana to (390,000) three hundred and ninety thousand acres. The act provided that where there were public lands in the Stato subject to entry at St. 25 per acre, the quantity to which the State was entitled should bo selected from such lands ; but if thero were no such lands in the State, or not enough, the Secretary of tbo Interior was to issue to such State land f crip for the requisite number of acres. This scrip cannot be located by the State to which it was issued, but must be sold; but the purchasers of such scrip may locate it upon any of the unappropriated land of the United States, subject to sale at private entry at $1,25 or less per acre. There being no public lands in this State for sale at private entry held by the Government at 81,25 per acre, Indiana received her donation in scrip. Tbe original purpose entettaincd by Congress of establishing agricultural ' colleges in the several States, to be maintained by substantial and sufficient endowments,' was most enlightened and patriotic, butue may well doubt the wisdom of tho means by which it was to bo accomplished. The most of the States baung no lands within their borders upon which thin grant could bo located, were compelled to receive it in scrip, which they were net at liberty to locate iu other States and Territories, but were required to sell. Large quantities of the ftrip were put upon the market it the same time, aud tbo price suddenly went down until it could not be sold for much over onc-lhli'd ot its par value. There has been no timo since the State of Indiana received' her scrip at which it could have been sold for mere than CO, or at most 55 cents per acre. At fifty-five cents an aero it would only realize (8201,500) tw.o hundred and four thousand five hundred dollars, a sum wholly inadequate to successfully establish and maintain a College upon the broad and comprehensive r.lan contemplated by Cougress. The States became rival vendors in the mar ket, and all of them competing directly with the Government, which cannot sell land in the regular way at lesa than $1,25 per acre. The scrip already sold by the several States, has, with a few exceptions, been purchased in quantities by speculators,some of whom will enter and hold large bodies of land to be made valuable by the settlement and improvement of other lands around them, and others will retail the scrip in small quantities at a price greatly advanced over what they gave for it, but still underselling the Government. The reason why the Stutcs were not allotted to locate tho scrip, was because it would create a monopoly, and enable them to hold lands in perpetuity, but no provision was mudo against permitting the speculator who purchase the scrip at less than half its value from doing tbe same thing. While it was not so intended, yet it hea turned out that do better arrangement for speculators could havo teen devised. If the States hud been allowed to locate the scrip, the land, as soon as entered, would hae been worth to them 81.25 per acre, and they might have been required, upon pain of forfeiture to tho Government, to tell the same within four or six years, thus avoiding the danger of monopoly and per petuity, and enabling them to reaüxo at Icaßt the par valoo of the st rip. As the j matter bos turned out, it would bavo been j much better for the State and the Govern-: ment, if the Government bad donaWd to ccch Stato i Lo eame number cf dollars, i instcuu of acres. Indiana would thus Lave received three hundred and uinoty thou3Tid dolluis, and the Government have retained three hundred und ninety thousand acres of land which could bej told at $1 25 an acre. Tho iJoard of Trustees of he Agricultural College, created by an act of the Legislature at the regular tcskion of 1SG5, memotialized Congress at the late session, piajing that the law-making the grant to the Stutcs might be fo auicuded as to allow the States to locate the sciip under such regulations and restrictions as might be deemed proper tb prctent monopoly nnd perpetuity. But Congress took ao action on tho subject. The memorial ia herewith laid before you. Tho Board of Trusties have had a number of meetings to consider what dispobi- j tion should be mado of tbe scrip, and inj view of the fact thut it could not be sold without ii sucrifice of nearly two-thirds of its par value, whUh would lealiie a sum ao small as to be inadequate to the accom plishment of tbe grand purpose which Congrers had in view In making the do-; nation, unanimously resolved to withhold t it from the market entirely, and submit! the whole subject for the action of tho Lo gislature. Thny havo made a report em Lodvinz the facta and containing cerUiu recomtnetidatious, which I heicwith lay! before you, and winmend td your special consideration. THE TlURTirsIU ARTJCII. By the decision cf the Supreme Court at its lata ;mion, lb XIIl'u Ar'i!evf vf

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THAJffilEST 3ee (qaere, (10 Ho,) oe Bterdos ...... ..f I 0 Oae i(.r.( ro lat.rtioat. 1 Oae fiaare, tar int.rtioc. S AU itbsoqueat iaiertiena, )r iqnaro ..... it TXARLT. : Oi)oeolaaf ebraU qi.rWrly...... Thr.e-arfen of a olutra M e Oao-balf of a eolama ..L...... SS M Om-'iirtn r i to)!!.......,. J e Ooe-.iibth ef eaiotaa . IS Tranit.ata4Tcrtlf.mevU k.ald lo all eaeoe 1 paid for in edTiac. . Udell arertlealartlwe it vfifi4 ae aa4d la. adT.rtlf.aiontt will bo oablUV.d atil rd.rodoot end charged eeeordis!j. the Constitution of tbe State, which i mhibifs nxgroes and rr.ulattoes from cominir into the State, and from making contract and acquiring ftle to property, was declsred null and void as being an infringement of the Constitution of the TJniteJ States. In this decision it is held that negroes horn in the United State sre citi zens of the United State, and cf ti e Stat in whieh tbey live, and that tbe Xlllth Article of our Constitution was thereforein vitiation nf that provision ef the Constitution of the United States wjieh declares that "the citizens of rath 5tate a.tr entitled to the priviUgea and immimitiee. of the citizens of the several States." The law made ia execution (file XlJItli Article is, of conree, a nullity, fc.t 1 res. pcctfully recommend that aa an act cf public decency it be formally repealed aud. wiped out. m NATIONAL DIBT AND TIIE CT RR EN CT. It would be very flatterinjr, to or national pride, and would excite he iton ishment and admiration of Europe," If were to pay rff our national debt within fifteen or eighteen yrar; tut there ate some thing more impottant to n than flattering onr vanity or astom'sbf ng tbe people of tLe Old World. ' While I am not in favtr of perpetuatipj; tbe national debt, aud do not regard it aa a tlef-sing. I am opposed to pressing our people to its sudden payment, just to ho what we can do. ' If ibis generation, after hiring pot down the rebellion, shsll accomplish the work of restoration, it will have done well, and may very properly leave at least a part of tbe national debt to be paid by the next. "' i As the misconduct ef the fer!f t Sooth caused this debt to be. contracted, I am decidedly in favor of requiring theu aud their children to pay their proportion " of it, which in their present destitute and impoverished condition they cannot do. -At this time they have very littlo property besides lands, and scarce anything to pay taxes on or pay tsxes with, and such their situation must be fcr years, and until restoration haa been completed, and emigration, capital, industry, coinu rrce and sgrl cultnre shall hare brought to them wealth and prosperity. Whatever part of (hi debt paid in the next five or eight years, must, from, the condition cf things, be collected from the people of the North; and must to that extent relieve the people of the South from a burden whith ought iu justice to füll chiefly upon them. 1 am tbercforo in favor of reducing tax ation to a standard which will be sufficient to defray tbo ordinary expennre of. th Government, and maintain perfectly tbe credit of the nation, by paying punctually the intere-4 on the debt, leaving the pay ment of tleo principal to timea f more general prosperity, when our comnerc upon tbe seas shall have resumed ita swayf and a largely increased population hss greatly developed tbe agricultural tod mineral resources cf tho country, and prodnccd an aggregate of wealth compared with which the national debt will be but a trifling per cent. While it is desirable to return to specie payment at as arly a period as ia consistent with maintaining the busiiieFS pros perity f tbe country, it ia not a result ao important that we should buzard general disaster and bankruptcy. At this time the fiuarcial condition f the oountry is depressed, trade is languishing, and m widespread f'sr vf panic and disaster prevails among tbe people. Tbe continued reduction !H" the currency, followed by a coriesponding reduL-iiun in all values, to that extent diminishes (be ta jscity of the people to pay their iodvbu d nesa contracted at a time when the cur rcticy as much more inflated than at prerent and old at a much higher premium. If lift jr p'rk was Uche dollin a hundred and this vt-Y it is six, it ia manifest that the capacity of the farmer to pay is diminished just (ue half, while the vol-' ume of the principal aud interest of the public debt, nnd cf bis own private in dcbtednesV bas not diminished, but rsnuiins the same. Cast iron theories of finance which do not yitld to the circumstances of the tin.fs, ate vciy spt to to broken by a crash, and it ia the part of wisdom to make tho theory, however wise in general, submit tu the u-m pmaiy tonflition f tbe jctplc. 'J be unsettled and impociislu'd condition cf the people cf tfcc Scu'h, lha f"ure of tic cottvu crop, il.o sunrssivc failutc cf Uo m 1 i at r-i-s in tbe Noiil, render tl.c situation tf tie countr) quite peculiar ri:d oiiicsl. and nuke it unsafe, in my 0 inlon, 0 push the further reduction cf the currency at this time. Should the Geiictal A sseiklly concur In these views, it would be tntirely proper to present them in iluir hctiatoie atiU l' jicfcntativcs in Congress. RSCOKSTKVCTIOjt AM CONfTITtTJbKAL AM FOMENT. The people cf the Korth have Ht ben animated by a spirit cf rtsentu.t-i.t snd revenge in their dealings with the South since the conclusion lit' ti e rtlcllioti. On the conti sty, they lave en-cstly Irptd thst the people ot the South would kindly aiid eincl-ri'ly accept the tUnatiou, and cooperate with them in lie ntllcti.cut of rot national diffii'tiltius upon a jernisiirnt sis ; and had the Stufleiu perp!e n:cl llcni iu this sprit, adjusted their vvwstitutions and la vi to lie new otdi r f fMnge, rendered justice and given equal protection to all tleir ritizci r. CPnb.-iation, disfranchisement cud putiihN.ent w uld scarcely have been dttsanded. Whttt, upon lie surrender of Lee's srmy, (icn. Grunt gave absoletion to the CoulcUciaie (UltciB aud soldiers, upen the sole condition of Co, again beating arms against tho ItepuMic, ibe nation cquud in conduct almost without a Tiioimur; end when all c irLel flirts laid duwn tltir arms, and the war was at an end, the via. fortunes of the South, tie fallen aud pn iraie cmKimun oi ice people, Uiptrt4 in the North f tvupgs utiH- iMU g alu"t tf

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