Indiana American, Volume 5, Number 10, Brookville, Franklin County, 2 March 1866 — Page 2

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Hfiinnit dntpntnn ' -' , . . . rt. til SWIFT, L'ji'Vf, , - UHOOKV1LLE. ' , Friday Ccrnin?, Uarch 2. 1866. STATE CONVENTION. Tbe Union State Convention which asreailieJ at Indianapolis on the 221 ult., "in point of numbers and enthusiasm ha? tarty been excelled. The Convention as- , seziUed on der Ter j unfavorable circumclmcci, wing to &9 recent apparent eonbetween Congre and the President, and th divergence of views and tentlnenU in relation thereto, as developed among members of the Union party. Before the assembling of the Convention, rrave feaTt were entertained by many that . s.o. open rapt ore could not beavoided; bat wiser coanf els prevailed, the spirit of cancession and conciliation triampLed, a ticket composed of good,' trne- and - popular cen was nominated, and a platform and resolutions adopted with great enthusiasm and with entire unanimity. We condense from the Journal the proceedings of the Convention : The Convention was called to order at ten o'clock I' j the Chairman of the State Central Committee, Mr. Jacob T. Wright, whu nominated Major General Lew. WalIuce, of Montgomery County, as temporary Chairman The nomination was unaniUiouAy ratified, and on ascending the platlorru the General was received with aplause. lion. Jüitics Wilson moved that W. S. LiofU", i f Tippecanoe, and D. W. Kurtx, F Ulattford County, act ss temporary ... tl. . . : -TTcmnrii, j Ii uwujiubiioijb were uuaii itnomly ratified. Colonel IL N. Hudson, of Vigo, moved iiiat a vom uxtce ot two troni each Ccn- . grcvsional District, to be selected by the delegates from ejch District, bo appointed report a platform of resolutions. ' lion. David Kilgoro, of Delaware, mo- . ncd to amend by adding four members for Ihe state at large. An amendment was moved that there bo three from each District. .Mr. Wütoo said the appointment of the C'-niuj'ttee was a portion of the business of the permanent organization. lie deemed it better to delay the. appointment until after the Convention was properly organized. . Colonel Hudson raid he had considered fEe very objection urged by Colouel Wilton, and he made the motion simply to expedite the business. Col. Oyler, of Johnson, and Mr. Shuey, cf JUkhart, spoke in favor of the appointmeat of the Committee now. The latter .ws in favor of but one in each District. General Meredith moved to so atneud .the notion. The previous question was seconded by the. Convention, upon motion of Mr. Miller, of Tippecanoe county. The Chairman put the question on the amendment ofMr. Kilgorc, which was lost. The amendment for three members was vote! down. The original motion of Col. Hudson was adraii-unanimously adopted. On motion of Chaplain Lozicr, the SecfeZarycalled over the Districts, and the following Commltteo was selected : 1. Col. James O. Jones, of Vanderburg, and Hon. Cyrus M. Allen, of Knox. 2. Cen. Welter Q (Jresham, of Floyd, and Benjamin Parke Dewey, of Clark. 3. Henry It. Pricbard, of Bartholomew, and Hon. John R. Cravens, of Jefferson. 4. Hon. James Morgan, of IXcatur, and Judge R. N. Lamb, of Switzeiland. '5. Gen. Silas Colgrove, of Randolph, and J. D. Julian, of Wayne. 6. Gen. Ben. Harrison, of Marion, and Col. S. P. Oyler, of Johnson. 7. Higgins Lane, of Putnam, and Col. R. N. Hudson, of Vigo. 8. Thomas J, Cuson, of Boone, and James Buchanan, of Fountain. 9. Aaron Gurney, of Porter, and Jas. Ik Tyaar,. of Miami. 30: Cöl. Charles W. Chap'mvh, of Kos 100, ana lion. .Martiu If. öhuev, or Elk Karl. 11. .Gen. J. P. C. Shanks, of Jav. and Col. Harvey Craven, of Hamilton. On motion of Dr. Klliott, of Marion, tlie noruiuatioti or the Committee was msde unanimoiH. Colonel Will C. Moreau of Henry connI- . IT I . i i i i I j, "mcku ic-uiuiiun, wnicu ne bskcu Might le suhmitttd to the Com tuitiee, with 'instructions to engraft tho same in their platform. Colouel Hudson announced . that the Committee on Resolutions would meet imtted lately at the Supreme Court Room Judge March, of Delaware, moved the appointment of a committee of two from each Congressional District, to report a -ermaneut organisation. The Chairman ruled the' motion out of order, ao long as Colonel Moreau held the floor, on ley the Convention should decide t prjceed with the organization iu the abacnes of rules. Judge March's motion was adopted, with he amendment that the Committee report niics for the government of the Concn-1 tion. Un a call of Districts the following Com'initte was named : COMMITTEE CN ORUAMZATION. T. J. C. Donald, of Gibson, and A. L. Iiubiuson, of Vanderburg. 1 John C. Albert, ot Orange, and T. W. MrCoy, cf Clara. H. George W. CarrYY Jackson, and J. W. Gnrdttn, of Switzerland. 4. Wiu. D. Ward, Y RipWy, and Col. James Gavin, o IVentuv: ' 5. lion. John Yaryan, of Wayne,. and lion. Walter Mar h, ( )cLiwara- -- U.' Dr. Levi Hitter, of-Hlendricks, and X J. J)hnson, of .Moraan. J. ('olunel It'c.'cf Uff"n, and Colonel Yi, K Edward, of igt. 8. Gen. George I). Wiwcncr, of Warrvu a. aud I U'ige It. ief,of rippe-; , taboo. J Hon. W. W llie:l , of Ltpo.-te, and Dr. J. M. Juii.c, nt Crs.

t ' . - ... Li -.1 t 11. .1 w.i..wwoid,cf DcKai.... i ...... .r 1 1 Mi..: .. r.l ! Win. Garter, of Hamilton. Colonel Kllivof üoshen, rasved the appointment of a committee cT two from ecth District, on apportionment of the votes of the counties. Judge Kilgore coved that tho Convention he deemed a llass Convention instead of Delegate. , . The motion of Colonel Kilts Was adopted, and the committee was named as follows: 1st District Wm. Hawthorne, of Pike; F. M. Thayer, of Vanderburg. 2W. W. Curry, of Floyd; Judge W. A. Porter, of Harrison. ' . 3. Joseph J. Irwin, of Bartholomew; R. C. Foster, of Monroe. 4. E V. JoLnson, of Ripley; R. H. Swift, of Franklin. . 5. Major W. U. Smith, of Fayette; Wm. S. Ballinger, of Wayne. 6. Dr. Conger, of Shelby; Henry 0. Swope, of llancockl 1 ' 7. A. Daggy, cf Putnam; W. C. Montgomery, of Owe- : ' ? 8. John T f Montgomery; J. P. Luse, of Tl . , . . 0. R. AX.. on, of Porter; 0. n.P. Bailey, cf .Mar'shl.-j ; 10. Moses Drake', of Allen; Thomas S. Taylor, of Lagrange. 11. Hour Wm: A. Bonham, of Blackford; JudgeJkJr" "'-bash. . On motion of Geii. ....iett, the Convention adjourned- until 2 P. M. The refcss was spent in hearing an addiess from Gov. Parts C Dunning. t AFTERNOON SESSION. ' ' Tie temporary President, General Lew. Wallace, called the Convention to order Eromptly at 2 P. M., and stated that as the uildingwas used by a theatrical company it was desirable that the Convention should expedite its labors as much as possible. He called for the Committee on Organization, but it was not ready to report. ; The Committee on Permanent Organisation then made their report. For officers they recommended the following: ' Preiulent, Governor Con bad Baker, of Vanderburg county. T7ce Presidents, 1st District General Nathan Kimball, of Martin. 2d District Hon. T. C Slaughter, of Harrison. " - 3d District General John L. Manefield, of Jefferson. ' ' 4th DistricU-Colonel Ira G. Orovcr, of Decatur; '.:;., 5th District General Sol Meredith, of Wayne. Cth District Colonel Fred Kneflcr, of Marion. 7th District General Charles Cruft, of Vigo. bth District Hon. John Beard, of Montgomery. ... Oth District Hon. A. Teegardcn, of Laportc. '.. 20th District Hon. Lott S. Bavless, of Allen. 11th District Colonel Milton S. Robinson, of Madison. " . -. . SecnttirtrS, Cyrus T. Nixon, of Clark: Emil Bishop, of Vanderburg; Mnjor O. M. Wilson, of Marion; I. (J. t'luJIips, of Howard; Colonel K. W, II. Elli. of Elkhart. , The committee; furtherrtport that tho Convention adopt the rules adopted by the late House of Representatives of the State; that all resolutions be referred to the Committee on Resolutions without debate, and that all speeches be limited to five minutes. Upon the ,rule: referring all resolutions to the committee without debate, as well as the one limiting all speeches to five min utes.' Colonel Moreau raised the point of order, tnat the committee bad transcended their duty, ind again proposed to introduce the resolution, offered by him in the morning. General Wallace ruled the resolution not pcrmain'to the question befoie the Convention. Colonel Moreau appealed from the decision, and argued his appeal at come length. After some discussion, the report of the committee was almcst unanimously adopted. Hon. John hj Miller, pf Tippecanoe, moved that a committee of one l'rcm each Congressional District be appointed to select a Union State Central Committee. Adopted. , .; . v Hon; David S. Gooding offered a resolution that this Convention is in favor of the immediate admission of nil loyal members of Congreas, irrespective of the States from which they como. Wuhdrawo under the rule referring all resolutions to the committeo without debate.The Districts wero called over, under the Amotion of Mr. Miller, and the following committee was' hamed: L First District Dr. Andrew Lewis, of .Gibson. Second District Colonel A. J. Ilawke, of Flovd. . - - . . ni . i r Third District General Morton C. Hun ter, of Monroe.' - Fourth District 0. P. Cobb, of Dearborn. "... .r .. FiAli DiatrioiDarid Parker, of IInry. Sixth District E, A. Olleman, of Morgan. ' 1 Seventh District AlbertLange.of Vigo. Eighth District John L. Miller, of 1 ippecauoe. Ninth District M. L. Easick.of Fulton. Tenth Diatrict-T. 0. Blaisjctl, of Allen. ... Eleventh District Judge Kelly, of WaIrmh. i" Tho committee Immediately retired to the couuty clerk's room for consultation. ArPOttTIOSMENT. The Committee on Apportionment re ported through their chairman that the ote forLincvlnjn 18C-1 was adopted as the basis, and one voto was to be allowed fr every 2CD- votes, or fraction over 100. The votes in the Convention arc to Le cast by the counties. The report was adopted. Hon. George A. Buskiik moved that a committee of one fronrcach Congressional District bo appointed' to nominate State officers. Col. Will C. Moresu moved an amendment that the present incumbents bo declared the uouiiueea by acclamation. The mueudmcnt wis laid upon the table. Mr. Conner, of Wabahj moved that tho original motion Ii on the table, and that the names of candidates be presented to . I. i ' . .. . .1 r, the Convention, and voted for by counties, wihc - ii was odopted. On the isiu'-tMion of Hon. Jol n M. II i rum. ihe order for nomination v as ariiel a ftillowa:

' 10. Hon, Win. S. cmmi, oi .neo,n.i

Attorney (ieneral. ' .S'crefury of State. 'Auditor of Stale. , Treasurer of State. Superintendent of Public Instruc4. 5. tion. ATTORNEY OENtßAL. Hon. Dclana E. Williamson, of Putnam, and Hon. Daniel D. Pratt, of Cass, were nominated for Attorney Genetal. The call for the counties was made, but after proceeding for some time, the name of D. D. Pratt was withdrawn, and the nomination of -Delana E. Williamson was mado unanimous.- . - SECRETARY OF STATE. " Colonel Nelson Trusler, of Fayette, and W. R. Ellis, of Tippecanoe, were nominated for Secretary of State. After proceed ing as far as Parke county, the name of W. R. Ellis was withdrawn, and Colonel Trusler nominated unanimouslyt AtMTOR OK 6TATE. Thomas B. McCarty, of Wabash, Col. M. C. Gafber, of Jefferson, and General James C Veach, of Spencer, were, nominated. The call resulted : For .McCarty 370, Veach 312, Garbcr 18. Thomas B. McCarty having received a majority of the votes, was declared elected, and upon motion of Chaplain Lozier the nomination was made unanimous. , TREASURER OF feTATE John I. Morrison, of Washington, Gen. Nathan Kimball, of Martin, and Gen. W. Q. Gresham, of Floyd, were nominated. ThFloyAdelegutioit withdrew the name of General Gresham, by authority. The call resulted r For General Kimball 549, for John I 3Iorrion 8C. Major General Kimball having received a majority of votes cast, was declared duly nominated, and upon motion the nomination was ratified unanimously, with loud cheers. SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. General Thomas W. 'Jen nett, of Uuion, and Professor George W; Hoss, of Marion, were nominated. General Bennett withdrew his name, and Professor Hoss was unanimously nominated. STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. Hon. John L. MilTer, of Tippecanoe, reported the following Central Committee for the State, which was unanimously concurred in: Chairman Jacob T. Wright, of Marion. 1st District Hon. Cyrus M. Allen, of lvnox. 2d District Colonel James B. Merriwether, of Clark. 3d District Captain W. Y. Monroe, of Jefferson. 4th District Colonel Ben. Spooner, of Dearborn. 5th District Hon. Walter Marsh, of Delawaft. O'th, District Hon. A. II. Conner and General Benjamin Harrison, of Marion. 7th District General Charles Cruft, of Vigo. 8th District Captain John A. Stein, of lippccarioe 9th District General R. A. Cameron, of Porter. 10th District Hon. E. W. II. Ellis, of Elkhart. 11 th District General J. P. C. Shanks, of Jay. . THE PLATFORM. Colonel Hudson announced that the Committee on Resolutions were ready to report, and th cession of lb Couiuüttaa having been extended over four hours, and very laborious, he hoped their labors would be accepted by the Convention, as they came from the Committee unanimously. 'J he resolutions were then read by Col. S. P. Oyler, of Johnson county, the Seeretarv of the Committee. They aro as follows: ' Reiolvad, That bat full faith in Prctident Jubnton and hi Cabinet, and In tha Union member of both House of CunjrtM, and la toe inrere detire and deteruiina tiud uf II cf ihein to conduct tha ttTlr of tie Qoreruiamt in uth a manner a to 00 ur the bet interest of tha whole people; and we hereby deoUre that we will sustain tbctn in all constitutional fforw to rcttvr peace, order and iteruuoant Union. Resolved. That in Andrew Johnson, President of tha United State?, we recognise a patriot true, and a Matvtinan tried; that wa will support him in ail hi Cousiit utionul Boris to restore na'ional autho'itjr, law and order amor, j tha eople "f tbe Slates lately in rebellion, on tba basi of equal and exact justice to all men and that wa plrdge to tho Administration, kxecutixe and Legilatii , oar united aud hearty co-operation in all wie and prudent measures deied for the security of the Uoeerntnenl sgxinst rebellion and insurrcotion la time to comt. Kcsolrcd, That whilst weonJorsa the President of the United States in his Constitutional efforts lor tba safety of the Union, and the restoration of law and order, we do hereby atpresi our ontira confidence in tha Union majority la Cozgresi, and pi Ig to (t our eordial support. Keiolved. That it is tho province of the lrgiilallt branch of tb Uencral (Jovertiintnt to determine tba question of rcoonstrueiion of tha States latel iu rebellion aguicst the t Oovernuiet tj and that, in tha eicrviie of that power, Congress should Isve tn view tbe loyally of Ihe pccple in those Slates, their devotion to tha Constitution, and obedience to the laws; ana until the people ot those States, by their acts prove thi rorelres loyal to the Government, tbey should not be restored to the rights and position trjoyed and occupied by them b fore their rebellion. Resolved. That the Constitution of the United State should be so amended that no rrpresenta tion la Consrti, or the tltctorsl College, ahsll be allowed to any State, for any portion of her population that I excluded from the right il suffrage on accennt of race or color. y ' ilveJ, That, under the Constitution of 'ha UV J fctat, Ihe poiicr to deieitnine tbe qualiCcafJls requisite for electori In each State test with the State respectively. Kesolved. That in tbe election .of Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnsen to.tb highest ideei la tbe gift f a great people, and in tba liberation of four mill onsot oppressed people as an Incident of the war for the Union, tbe nation ha approaenad tbe perfection of free government, wbioli inakes merit, and not lirtb or property , the basis of publie confidence, and secure universal Intelligence and freedom, and the honor and dignity of human labtr. Resolved, That th Union ef these Statu ha not been, and cannot be dissolved except by successful revolution; but that after the suppros Ion of a formidable rebellion againit theUeptral Government, we declare that tbe Government may, aud should hold io abeyane th powers ofibe rebellious States, until the pub io sulty will allow or tuoir restoration, Keiolved, That It la the duty of tbe Government of the United Mate to seo that emancipation shall be thorough and complete; that no State Legislation inall be tolerated which will tend to keeptho blacks a sutjett id servile race, and that lull protection to life, lllerty andproptrty, ball be guaranteed to them by Katlonsl legislation Hesolred, That no man who voluntarily participated in Ihe rebellion cnghtto be admitted to a seat tn Congress, and that tbe law excluding them therefrom ought not to be repealed. Keiolved, That the constitutional provision, "that tbe eitlten of each Slate shall b entitled to all privileges and Immunities of cltliens in tbe several States," shall be enforced by proper Congrenilonal legislation. Keaolved, That be assumption of tho rebel debt and tbe direct er Inditect repudiation of that of tho General Government, aro 1 like measures which can receive favor only, frtm Iba eaiuies of tbe eountry; that wedruounce both as bulpartof that treason which In the South was lately In armed eenflict with Iba National authority, aided In tbe North y tho wbula Influence of aoorrupt political vrganixation which now bus the iflrontery to seek power over a country it sought to destroy. Hesolred, That tb cm 11 try owva dbt of gratitude to tbe soldier i.d sailors latly coin. posing" the armlei and nuvlui of the Union, which na Ixnauajro cm exjrrmj n n 1 that e shall roorat wuh them, u t ihe ballot boa, la exrlaJI tig froui plarvs vf j ub 1c truit Iu Indiana, those who,

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sought to brioe disaster to tha Vlar.and dtfrraoe uiion the brave men wfco apbeld it with their lives upon the battle fie'd. - Resolved, That ja;,tee and doty dsmaad the bountie to our National defenders ihculd be tn eqnalixed in land grants or money, aa f render the aiooant received by those who entered the service, la the first yean of (be war, equal U the highest sums paid b the Government 10 thote who subsequently volunteered. Resolved, That a rigid economy In publio expenditure is absolutely essential to the "maintenance of tha national credit, and that measures of taxation should be so framed that the plighted pnblio faith shall suffer no dishonor, and the publio burden be equally borne by all elassei of the community In proportion to their wealth. Resolved, That, sympathising with every effort to elevate tbe great mass of tho people to a condition of tbe highest intelligence, we approve the moveuuent in tavor of tbe laboring population to reduce the time of toil to eight hours per day; and to give practical effect to this declaration, we respectfully request 1 be next General Assembly of this State to pass t Jaw making eight houra the rule for a day's labor in all oases, except where the parties InUrested shall expressly make a different agreement. , ; . Resolved, That we are decidedly in favor of bringing the lata rebel leader, Jeff. Davis, to trial for treason against tie Goverbuent,' ai toon a a fair and impartial trial can be had before 4 competent tribunal, and if convicted, to the end "that treason may be niadoodious," that he be punished as p.-etcribed Ly in. l.esolved, Thst w most heartily indorse the administration of Oliver P. Morton, a Governor of I ndiaoa, and tender him our gratitude for bis humane and patriotic treatment of her soldiery; and that wa deeply sympathize with him in hi recent aQictions. Resolved, That we have implicit confidence In the intelligence and patiiotisiii of Acting Governor liaker, and we rtjoice that In the absence of Gov. Morton, the Executive Department of the State Gavernmeal isso ablyand impartiality ad -ministered, and ee' "hereby tender him our full e nSeoee. y. - r . - General Lew. V.'ullace said he wished the houor of moving the unanimous adoption of the lesoiutions, which motion was seconded. Judge Kilgor moved to strike out the second resolution, and insert a substitute he offered more emphatically indorsing the President, 'which he supported in a five minutes speech The sustaining . of the President was absolutely necessary, and if the Convention could not do that, let the Convention 'adjourn until passion 'and prejudieo cool, say for one or two months. Cyrus M. Allen, of Knox, moved to lay the resolution of Mr. Kilgore upon the table, inasmuch ns the platform was the retuic of much labor and compromise upon the part of tie Committee. - General Wallace supported the original resolution as all that the President or his friends could ask. If President Johnson is not satisfied with the indorsement we give him, it will he because he despises our State. No man has attacked the President, and 'there is, therefore, no necessity forhi8 extraordinary defense. The resolution of Judge Kilgorc was almost unanimously laid upon the table, but a few voices being heard in the negative. Hon. James S. Wilson, of Montgomery, moved-Xo amend the 4th resolution by adding to the word "Legislative," Executive ind Judicial," and to rubstitutc the word "restoration'' for "reconstruction." Cup tu in Dewey moved to lay tho amendment upon the table, which was carried. Tho question then recurred upon the motion oi'Gencru Lew. Wallace, to adopt the platform. But two voices were heard in tho negative, and the result of the vote was received with salvos of cheers. After tho adoption of the platform, the Convention adjourned aiVteu'iY-, satisfied that their constituency the great Union party of the State will ratify its platform and its ticket by lialf a hundred thousaud mnjoriTHIS FREEDMEN'S BUREAU BILL. Vetoed !j the President Ills 3Iessagc to the Senate. - Washington, Feh. 19. Tu the & note of the United States: I have examined with care the bill which originated in the Senate, and has been passed by both Houses of Congress, to amend au act entitled "An act to establish a bureau lor tue rcnei ot irceümeii ana refugees, and for other purposes." Hitvii)" wilh much rejjret come to the conclusion that it would not be consistent with the public welfare to give my approvul to the measure, I return the bill to the Senate with my objections to its becoming a law. I might call to mind, in advance of these objections, that there is no immediate necessity for the proposed measure. The act to establish a bureau for the relief of freed men and refugees, which was approved in the month of March lant, has not yet expired. It was thought Mriiigetit and extensive enough for tho purpose in view. Heforc it ceases to havo effect, further experience may aist to guido ua to a wiseconclusion asto tho policy to be adopted in a time of peace. I havo, wilh Congress, tho strongest defiro to cure to the freedmcn the full enjoyment of their freedom and their propcity; and their entire independence a.d equality, in making contracts for their labor. Dut tho bill before me contüin proxibions, which, in niy opinion, are not warranted by the Constitution, and are not well suited to accomplish the cud in view. The bill proposes to establish, by authority of Congress, a military jurisdiction over all parts cf tho United Slates, containing refugees and freedmcn. It would, by its very nature, M'U' with most force to those parts of the United Slates in which the frcedmen most abound, and it cxpresaly extends the existing temporary jurisdiction of the Frcc'tyieu's Bureau, with greatly enlargedy-vfcCrsfvgvcr those States in which the o'dfVar-e of judicial proceedings hue betrrn.teirupted by the rebellion. The source from which this military jurisdiction is to emanate i none other than the President of tho United States, acting through tbe War Dcr.rtment, at.d the Commissioner of tho Irccdmeu's Bureau. The agents to carry out this military jurisdiction, are to be selected either from tho army, or from civil life. The eountry is to bo divide into districts and sub-districts, and the number of salaried agents to be employed may bo equal to tho number of counties or parishes in all the United States, where the Treed men and refugees are to bo found. The subjects ovor which this military jurisdiction is to extend in every parCofthe United States, includo protection to all employes, agents, and officers of this bureau in the exercise of the duties imposed upon them by the bill. In eleven States, it is further to extend over all cases affecting the frcedmen and refugees, discriminated against by the local law, custom or prejudice. In those eleven Slates the bill aubjoota any white person who may be charged with depriving a freed mau of any civil rights or immunities beloutrinz to white rcrsons, to imprison merit or fine, orlotli,. without, however, ' defining tho civil rights and immunities which aro thus to be secured, to the freed-

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men by military Jaw. This military juris-! diction also extends to all questions that may arise respecting contracts. The agent who is thus to exercise the ofike of a Military Judge, may le a stranger, entirely ignorant of the laws of the place, and exposed to errors of judgment to which all men are liable. The exercise of power over which here is no legul supervision, by so traat a number of agents, as is contemplated by the bill, must, by the very nature of inah, , be attended by acta of capr.ee, injustice and passion: The trials, haviug their origin under this bill, are to take piaco without the intervention of a

jury, and without any fixed rules of law or evidence, inu rules on wbich offenses are to be heard and determined by the numerous agents, are auch rules and regulations as the President through the War Department shall prescribe. . No previous presentment is required, nor any Indictment charging the commission of a crime against the Jaws, but the trial must proceed on charges and specifications. The punishment will not be as the law declares, but! such as a court martial may think proper; j and from these arbitrary tribunals there lies no appeal, no writ of error to any of the courts in which the Constitution of the United States tests exclusively the judicial power of the country, while the te.ritory and the clats of actions and offen tea that are made subject to this measure, are su extensive. The bill itself, should it become a law, will have no limitation in point of time, but will form a part of the permanent legislation of the eountry. I cannot. reconcile a system of military jurisdiction of this kind, with the words of the Constitution wbich declare that "no person shall be held toanswer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in caes arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war o: public danger," and that "in all criminal pneeutions, the accused thai 1 enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the State or di tritt wherein such crime shall have been committed." The safeguards, which the wis doin and experience of ages taught our fathers to establish as securities for the protection of the innocent, the punishment of the guilty, and the equal administration of justice, are to bu set aside; and for the sake of a more vigorous interposition in behalf of justice, we arc to take the ri-k of the many acts of injustice that would, of necessity, follow from an almost countless number of agsuts, established in every I arish or county, in nearly a third of the States of tho Union, over whoso decision there is to be no supervision or control by the Federal Courts. The power that would be thus placed iu the hands of the President, is such as in time cf peace ccrtaiuly ought never to be entrusted to any one man. If it ha asked whether the creation of such a tribunal within a State is warranted as a measure of war, the question immediately presents itself, whether we are still engaged in war. Let us not unnecessarily disturb the commerce and credit aud industry of the country, by oeclaring to the American people and tho world that the United States are still in a condition of civil war. At prcr-ent there is no part of our country in which the authority of the United Saales is disputed. Offences that may be committed by individuals, should not work a forfeiture of the rights of the same com. munitics. . The country has entered, or is returning to a state of peace and industry, and the rebellion is in fact at an end. The measure, therefore, seems to be as inconsistent with the actual condition of the eountry, as it is at variance . with the Constitution of the United States. If, pushing from general considerations, we examine the bill in detail, it is open to weighty objections. In timo of war it was eminently proper that we should provide for those who were passing suddenly from a condition of bondage to a state of freedom. But this bill proposes to make the Frecdmen's Bureau, established by the act of 18G5, as one of many great and extraordinary military measures to suppress a formidable rebellion, a permanent branch of the public administration, with its power greatly enlarged. 1 havo no reason to suppose, and I do not underhand it to be alleged, that the act of March, 1805, has proved deficient for the purpose for which it was passed, although at that time and for a considerable rcriod thereafter, tho Government of the IÜ ni ted States remained unacknowledged rTL . r . t. .. cj... . - . ... l - . - . l. i . . i .! in iuum ui iup oiiii n uoaa ii iiuuuams nuu been involved in the rebellion. . The institution of slavery, for the military teitruction of which the Frccdmcu'e Bureau was called into existence as an auxiliary, has been already effectually and finally abrogated throughout the whole country by an amendment of the Constitution of the United Slates, und practically its eradication has received the assent and concurrence of most of those States which at any time had existed. I am not, therefurc,able to dircerniu thecountry anything to justify an apprehension that the powers and ogencies.of the Frccdmetra Bureau, which weie effective for the protection ol frcedmen and refugees during tho actual continuation of-hostilities and of African servitude, will now, in a time of peace and after the abolition of slavery, prove inadequate to ihe same proper ends. If I am correct in these views, there can be no necessity for the enlargement of the powers of the llure.u for which provision is made in the bill. The third section of the bill authorizes n general and unlimited amount of support to the destitute suffering refugees aud frcedmen, and their wives and children. Succeeding sectious make provision for the rent or purchase of landed estates, for ficedmen, and for the erection, for their benefit, of suitable buildings for asylums aod schools, the expenses to be defrayed from the treasury of the whole people. The Congress of the United States has never heretofore thought itself competent to establish any laws beyond the limits of tha. District of Columbia, except for the benefit of our disabled soldiers and Bailors. It has never founded schools for any class of our own people; not even for the orphans of those who have fallen in defense of the Uuion, but has left the care of their education to the much more competent control of the States, of communities, of private associations, and of Individuals. It has never deemed itself authorized to expend the publio money for the rent or purchase of homes for the thousands, not to lay millions, of the white race who are honestly toiling from day to day for theiraubaintenee. A eyntem for the eupport of indigent persons in ihe -United States was never contemplated by tue authors of the Col "dilution; nor can any good reason bo advanced why, as a permanent establia-i-mcnt, it tnould be founded for one cla a o

color 6f b&f people more than for another. Pending the wai many refugees and freedmen received sappctt Irom the Government, but it was never intended that they should henceforth be fed, clothed, educated and sheltered by the United States. The idea on which the slaves were assisted to freedom was, that on becoming free they would be a self-sustai nlng populatian. A ttj legirlation that shall imply that they are not expected to attain a self sustaining condition, must have a tendency injurious alike to their character and their prosperity. The appointment of an agent for every county and parish will create an immense patronage, and the expense of the numerous officers and their clerks, to be appointed by the Preudcntr will- bo great., in tbe beginning, with a tendency steadily to increase. The appropriations asked by the Frecdmen's Bureau, as now established, for the year 18C6, amount to $11,715,000. It may be safely estimated that the cost to be incurred under the pending hill will require double that amount, or more than the entire sum expended in any one year under the administration of the second Adams. , If the presence of agents in every parish and county is to be considered as a war measure, opposition or even resistance might be provoked, so that to give effect to their jurisdictior , ttoops would have to be stationed within reach of every one of them, and thus a hrgo standing force be rendered

neceary. Largo appropriations woclu, the? 'V quired tosustainand enforce milu-, jviritwitvtlüti in every eounty und parish from the Potomac to the Ilio Grande. The condition of-our fiscal affairs is encouraging, but in order to sustain the present measure of public confidence, it is necessary we practice not merely customary economy, but as far as possible severe retrenchment. In addition to tho objections already Etatcd, the fiftlr section of the bill proposes to take away land from former owners, without any legal proceedings being first had, contrary to that provision of the Constitution, which declares that no persons shall be deprived of life, liberty or property, without the process of law.1 It docs not appear that lands to which this section relers, may not .be owned by miners, or peisons of unsound mind, or by those who have been faithful to all their obligations as citizens of tho United States. If any portion ol the land is held by such persons, it is not competent for any authority to depiive them of it. If, on the other hand, ii be found that the property is liablo to confiscation, even then it canuot be appro priated to publio purposes, until, by due J process cf Jaw, it shall have teen ucclareu forfeited by the Government. , There are still further objections to the bill, on grounds seriously affecting the class of persons to whom it is designed to bring relief. 'It will tend to keep the mind of tho freedman in a stnto of uncertain expectation and restlessness, while to thofc. umongvhom he lives, it will be a source of constant and vague apprehension. Undoubtedly tho frcedmen should bo protected, but they should be protected by the civil authorities, especially by tho exercise of all tho Constitutional powers of the courts of the United States and of the States. His condition is not so exposed ns may at first be imagined. He is in a portion of the country where his labor cannot well be spared. Con. petition for his services from planters, from those who are 'constructing or rcptiiing railroads, or from capitalists in his vicinity, or from other States, will enable him to command almost his own terms. He also possesses a perfect right to change his plate of al.ode, aud if therefore he docs not find in one community or Slate a mode of life suited to his desires, or proper remuneration for his services, he can move to another, where labor is more esteemed and Letter reward-! cd. In truth, each istate, inuuceJ by it own wants at.d interests, will do what is necessary and proper to obtain within itsborders all the labor that is needed for the development of its resources. The laws that regulate supply and demand will maintain their force, and tho wages of the laborer will be regulated thereby. There is no danger that tic great demand lor labor will not opcrato iu favor of the laborer, neither is suflicr t consideration given to the abWity of tl ficcdmcu to pericct and take care of tl cmclves. It is no more than justice to ihcm to believe, that us they have received their freedom with moderation and forbearance, so they will distinguish themselves by their industry; and they will feel and soon rhow the world that in a condition of ficedoiw, .ry io self sustaining and capable of selecting their own employment and (cir own places of ubiyde; of insisting for ti einsclvca on a proper remuneration, and of establishing and maintaining their own asylums and schools. It is caructtly hoped that instead cf waiting away, they will, by their own efforts, estab ish for themselves a condition of respectability ai d prosperity. It is certain they can attain to that condition, only th.ough their own acrits aud exertions. In this connection tho query presents itr.ell whether the system proposed by the bill will not, when put into complete operation, practically transfer the entire care. support and control of four millions of emancipated tUv to ngent.a, overseers or taskmasters, who. appointed al Washington, arc to be locuted iii every county and parish throughout the United States containing ircedmcnand icrugccs;such a system would inevitably tend to such a concentration of power iu the Executive, which would cnablo it, if so disposed, to control the action of a numerous class, and uso them for the attainment oMiis own political euds. I cannot hut add another very grave objection to this bill. The Constitution imperatively declares in connection with taxation, that each State shall have at least one representative, and fixes the rule for the number to which in future times each : State shall Le entitled. It also provides j that the Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, and adds, with peculiar force, that no State, without its consent, shall be de prived of its suffrage in the Senate. The original act was necessarily passed in the absence of the States chiefly interested, because their people were then contuma eiously engaged in the rebellion. Now the case is changed, and tome at least of the States are attending Congress by loyal Representatives, soliciting tho allowance of the constitutional right of representa tii n. At the time, however, of the con Ll.lA.alii.n atlfl lift.cihfp .f tVtA tilll tkjtrA ri U V I H I IV II ..it.. .'..-r.iK V. ...vva... . .. ss taitsr or Itepmn.stns m Congresa from tbe eleven states which are to be mainly affcetcd by its provisions. The very fact ihat rcorta "wete and aro tirade t . .. i V ... .... . against the good disposition of thocouutry, is an additional reason why thy need and

ahonld lave Representatives of their ownj in Cortgre?s to explain their condition, and assist by their local kaowIeJge in the) perfecting of measures immediately affecting themselves, whi!e the liberty of deliberation would then. be freC'anfJ Cotgre;a would have full power to decide according to its judgment There could be no objection urged that the States mcit interestcd had not been permitted to be heard..' Tbe principle is firmly fixed in the minds' of the Amertcan people .that there could' be fid taxation without representation. ' Great hardens are bow to be borne by all the country, and we may best demand that they jshall be borne, without a murmur wben'they are voted by a majority of the Representatives all the people.... Iwould not interfere with the onquestior able right of Congress to judge, each house for itself, of the election, returns and qualifications of its own members; but that anthor'it cannot be construed as including the right to put out in time of peace any State from the representation to which it is entitled by the Constitution. At present, "all the people of the eleven States are excluded those who were most faithful during the. war not less than others. The State of Tennessee, for instance, whose authorities,' were engaged in the rebellion, was restored, to all her constitutional relations to th. Union, by the patriotism and energy of her injured and betrayed people. Before the war was brought to a termination, they

had placed themselves in relations with the" General Government, bad established a' State Government of their own. As ihtY were not included in the emancipation proclamation, they, by their own acts, have' amended their Constitution so as to abolish.' slavery within the limits of their own State.' I know no reason why the State of Tenne-' tee, for example, should not fully enjoy her relations to the United States. The President of the United States stands toward the country in a somewhat different , attitude from that of any member of Congress, chosen from a single district or" State. The President is chosen by the'' people of all the States. Eleven State' arc not at this time represented in cither branch of Congress. It would seem to be .his duty on all proper occasions to present ' their just claims to Congress. There always will be differences of opinion in the cotum.iuity, and individuals may be guilty of transgression of the laws; but these do not constitute valid objections against the right of a State to representation. It would, in nowise interfere with the 'discretion of Congress with regard to the qualification of members, but 1 bold it my duty to rec ommend to you, in the interest of peace and in the interest of the Uuion, the admission of every Stato to its full share of public legislation, when, however insubordinate, insurgent or rebellious its people may have been, it presents itself, not ouly in an attitude of loyalty and harmony, but in the persons of Republicans whose loyalty cannot be questioned under the existing constitutional or legal test.. It is plain that an indefiu'ue or permanent exclusion, of any part of the country from represen tatiou, must be attended by a spirit of di.egust and complaint. It is unwise and dangerous to pursue a course of measures which will unite any large rection of the country against another section of the country, no matter how much the latter may predominate. The course of immigration, development ' of industry and business and natural causes will raise up at the South men as' devoted to the Union as those' of auy other part of the land; but if they are all excluded from Congress, if in a permanent statute they are declared not to be in full constitutional relations to the country, they may think they have cause to become a unit in feeling, and sentiment against the Government. Under the political educa tioti of the American people the idea ix i ihcrcnt and ineradicable that the consent of tlie majority of the whole people i necessary to secure a willing acquiescence) in legislation. The bill under consideration refers tn certain of the States as though they had not been fully restored to the United! States. If they have not, let ns at once act together to secure that desirable end at the earliest possible moment. It is hardly necessary for me to inform Congress that in my own judgment most of these States, so far, at least, as depends upon their own action, have a.reidy been fully restored, and are to be deemed to be entitled to enjoy .i ...... i i . t uieir constitutional rignts as meniners ot the Union. Reasoning from the Constitution itself, and from the actual situation of the country, I feel not only entitled. Lot bound to assume that, with tho rcdcril Courts revorcd in the several States, and in the full exercise of their fu notion", th rights and interest- of all classes ofthei people will, with tha aid of tba mili ary itn cases of resistance to the law, be essentially protcctcdagainst unconstitutional infringemerit and violation. Should this expectation unhappily fail,, which I do net anticipate, then tbe '"t cutivo is already armed with the conferred by the act of March, Iö , ..- tablishing the Freedmeti's Bureau, and' hereafter, as heretofore, ho can employ. the land and naval forces of the country to' suppress insunecjion and. to overcome' obstructions to the laws. I returu the hill (o the Senate, in thV earnest hope that a measure -involving questions and interests so important to the) country will not become a law, unless upotv deliberate consideration by the people, if shall receive the sanction of an enlightened publio judgment... : signed Andrew JonsaoN. Wasuikütoü, D. C, Feb. ID, 18GC. ip NEW ADVERTISEMENTS First Quarterly Statement OF Ibe condition af tba Brookvilla XatleasV Dank of Brauk rille, India ce, ob the morals; cf the first Jlundsj in Jsacsry, U66: RESOURCES. Banking House... ... I- Me". Safe, furniture and Altäre..... W" Expense repairing hoase, Jte ' X& T) from National Banks. ....le.esO V. S. J 20 Bonds deposited with Trees, to secure oar escalation ............... 31, U.S. 5-20 Uepdsoa baud....- ,000 fM.OOO LIABILITIES Capital stork raid ln". Valance unpaid od BaDkiog bvase et - . ......... ei taa X see inarS Iw J0HS TT. UITT, Cab Turnpike Meeting. .... n .... ...... . - . . ! . 9 il..,..fcliAM.,l AT IÄSaSsM. at CoUre Curaar, -a ecoH Sat. vSay f March, Tor the parpere prelecting nree PlrrcUrs at '"'"J"' Tfl JH la Vila. YVtifl.it Store, at 2 s de. M. , " J. M. I'l'KTj Pret. tcii., jj. Scimf.Tiry. weiJ :