Indiana American, Volume 24, Number 4, Brookville, Franklin County, 11 January 1856 — Page 1
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A WBWS AND BUSINESS PAPER-DEVOTED TO PORE3CN AND DOMESTIC NEWS, MORALS, TEMPERANCE, EDUCATION, A&RSCUiTURfi, AND THE BEST INTERESTS OP SOCIETY i BROOKVILLE, FRANKLIN COUNTY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 11, 18.5(1. VOL. XXIV-NO. 4. WHOLE NUMBER 1200.
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A HUT TBABf MT v w. reraaaon. iMOirtM aar, To memory fear, 1 passrii loawn Ik stream of llf, 1.1 the fkthornleee Of K(ri. ii) . 1 rinT-1 away with sreb sublim, And How Vehr4! born: Tbl, feUl motu, UuMlOa again injr almpl rhym; Aod Um )o)o wood of th eharcb-bir oktal, Th fcont, ihr. laug. tW km. of .near. Shall welcome nolo Iba shire, of Um, Tbo florloui new-boro jest. Tbl e 0 lorloua day-lhla Ww Y aar1, day. Lorod by th 7000g Md old: O thir haar t sre warm. With Ita magic raarm With IU wmllli otjoy untold! La) I the laugh aod tb sbotl' On Iba air ring out. And mirth b oa Miro lied. La lha lanoeenl antlee Of the jureullee Clad Jen th haart of th older folk-, As hihi and aira SR by Iba Cra Craeklag nuu aad Juk or. ' TA.T- v. . fy 1 t kLai tba fr wn and Iba witak la That toll and Um tpnnkle Over tba tad brow of ear, Oo blddan white By Iba happiest smile That dimples the face of the mir. Why aol irrender f gladnoaa and mirth, At aa nidtyaar'i death and a aow year's birth "When Uw Maw Year mum to flaadaa the enrthJ Ah! the tear from tha yat nnblddon itartfrom Iba eyee tbat would be way. For too (boat of Um old year banal out bannt oar baarta alt day! Aad ibaeoul etarta back and ataada agbaat At too tight of bb) lock a of gray; Aad bia bony f arjar potato to tba paat To tha dead 'lay paat away; Wblto rr Um aoul Bat atl owe rait That tha wUI aaree not to my! Bookaam too ghoat an to tbo paat, Aad menorlee eome thron fi( But. Altbowch tbe tbrobbinjr brain, Ae o'er the dead laa iweopa the blaat Whan wt Dter bafina hi raigo! Ah! daye paat hare lad Ibrarar, And ha ttda of Urne iwlfl rlrer. From tk haad of the All Girer, Backward tnroetb, aerer, nrrrr Ha'er abail bo ourr again! "" ' - of tBo ofal rear paak! Hl lonaa er oaäf, buTTd, His words ara meaearad and alow, Like Mm peseta; of day and waaa. TV years are mighty rolomm, on whose pagaa flod art toe tha hietory of bis vaat creation; Tha deed of every maa, aad tribe, aad nation. Are there recorded th rough successive Bothlag oscapes tba eyee of the Recorder Hoiking tbat taan doea uudeserres attention; The lowest thought and the meet grand tovenUea, An written there U the moat perfect order. Another rolame now ie eloaed foroorrl Uoa" eommoata on the paat year's gloomy hlstoty. Tare' all Um moat remsin an unrolled my Till He, la todgement, shall the seal dissever. On Europe's bore th voice of childless mothers Aad widowed wires le sounding. Marderona Battle Has smnghtorod thousand there, like 'soalleaii OatUe! They weMarartarr! all mankind arebroUiTbe cr'.nfinf sslIUoae bow to heartteee Reroee Bow to Napoleon aad ta Alexander: Bards and divine 10 despotism pander, While freedom weeps In exile with her heroes. And In your own fslr land has Oory fhrtloa Bashed madly on for pewer and for plunder. With party strife, aod dtouord's oantteriag tu under. aiqtbc aattoalnto wild dtstraetion. Alaa! the volume that has J natbaen written Es stained wP the blood and tears of rroenius: BOUoaa; It toll oftyraanyVdark doprkdatlona Of fair lands drenched In Mood, and famine-ami tten. The OM Yesr pansee now, Aad his brow (rows aa dark aa eightDark as midnight I bis brow, And he vanishes out of sight. And the new year stand before ae Bends wtlb smiling feat a -es o'er ae Like aa angel from the s, .hsr,, Bids ua turn. In langnage pleaeant Fr m tbe dark nets of the pre cnt ; T the dawn of brighter years! And a song of hope and pleasure, la a lowing rhym and meaeure Fells upon oar l Uten I ng ears. Troth shall not f-.rerer IsngaUh -God can feel tha p.topfo, aagulht He will hear their piercing wail: He will emtte the proud oppressor. He will be tba graal Redreeaor Error's raute shall surely (oil; From the eannon snd the saber Men snail torn to bnneat labor Troth and R now ledge shall p rural! . Let os hope tbe good lime's coming. When the roaring and tbo dramming, Of the beule. Irl 1 shall cease; Whea the Kassian aaa the Tartars, Shall no mora make freemen martyrs, Aad Rome shake hands with Groese; When lb proud Unna aad tha BrtUoo, By war's bloody band on, mitten, Shall pursue tbe arts of peace. lt as bona tha day I lawanig Whoa tbo fussing and the fawaing Of pantos hei I be lea.: AaO fradooB lanrt gro greater, Till rrom Pole to lha Rnuaior Tho shall all tha nation bless! And to aid the Oawn well labor. Hot with eannnu, knife, and aber. But With TaovenT.aad Pax, and Haass. jT7A Yankee poet Ibas describes Usees bJO deration to his true lore: ol 1 ting her protos la pytry , From early morn to dewy eve; I criee whole ptnta ai bitler tears, Aad stipe them with my .leere. OTTB BTB A FATTHTtTL HE ABT. i do not rrare for bngbi gemt of earth, Orguld of daxxtlna; bae; But aak far sumalhing f mora worth A heart that', para aniUrac. Thoagb earth may jieM bereoatly genu. That look so nil r to rlaw, I ask not for a diadem, Uui for a heart that's true.
TIE PRESIDENTS NESS&SI. F 'Mow Cid ten- of the Swnod and fiouti 0 Repmmtatiwtt: The- eonttUation of the United Nute provide", that Conirroos ahall owemulc .innudlly on the first Monday of I )'. hi'mt. und it hon been U"ual for the I'rvnidwnt to mnku no eommunieatiun of b pub1 1 chitracter to the 8na and Houae) of Repreeentntirea until rtdviaed of thtir reAdineM to receivf it. I have deferred to tliii osbb until the clone of the Ar! month of the eniin, but my conviction! of duty
will not permit me longer to pootpone the dine.haTue of the obüirntiou enjoin ed 6y the cootlitution upon lh President "to irivo to the ContrreHg iulormation of the itete of the Union, nnd recommend to thtir consideration uch meanuren an he ahall judire neceoBry and expedient." it 10 a mmieroi eontrrttiuiaiton tnut the Kepublic is tronquilly advancing id B career of prosperity and peace. , oKRIOM RKLATIONB CENTRAL AMKRICA. WliiUt relaiiona of amity continue to exiit between tho Uniud Statea and ail foreign powers, with some ol horn grave questions are depondin", whirli may require tho conoiderBtion of Congreao. Of audi questions, the most imporitnt is that which lias arisen oat of the ne(ociations with Great s Britain in reference lo Ceitral America. By the convention on the 19th of April. 1050, both parties covenanted, hat "neither will ercr" occupy, or fortifv. or colonise, or assume or exor ine any dominion over, Nicaragua. Costa Rica, the Mu.squito coast, or my part of Oentrtl America." It was the undoubted understanding f the United States, in making this reaty, tbat all the present States of the former republic of Central Amori ca, and the entire territory of each, would henceforth enjoy complete in iependence; and that both cuniractiny; ;rtie engaged equuaily, and to the nme extent, for the present nnd for he future; that if either them had any lain, of riyht in Central America, uch claim, and all occupation or aubority under it, were unreservedly re.nguisbed by the stipulations ot the invention; and that no dominion was hereafter to be exercised or assumed in any part of Central Amtrica, by in it Britain or the United Slate. The government consented to restriction in regard to a region of thu ountry, wliTein we h id specific and peculiar interests, only upon the convictton that the like restrictions were is Ih. ..m. w.t nh1i..xtnrr or 0!lti dritaio. But for this understanding of the force and effect of the convention itwould neverhave been con:laded by us. So Clear wss this understanding on he part of the United Slates, that in correspondence contemporaneous with he ratihcation of the conventii.n, it was dislinctlr expressed, that the mu. uui covenants ot non-occunation were m were British T, not intended to apply to tbe establishment at the Balize mm"m 1 jualitictttion is to be ascribed to fact, that, in virtue of successive Imm 11. nr..v,;.v... liiOaniiiHIl , vw " " w
ountry. Great Britain had obtained a 1 "c. U",M" mmm!a "ni,,H ;mmu CHn r uni.u' w cniiateo or eniereu. m tne t aml til0 British North American Pror.nneeasinn of thn riiht to cut maliOL'- lhe .ofurenc or lh Pmises. We service of ,ny foreign Slate, either as ince, has been ortraniztI and has
tnY or dye-woods at x - O 1 . I I) I,,. . Kil t witn positive exclusion of all dom un or oovereignty; and thus it confirms natural construction and understood import of the treaty as to all the re-1 f the region to which the stipulations applied. It, however, became apparent, at tin early day oter entering upon the dis charge ol my present lunct ou, mat Great Britain still contined in tbe exrcise or assertion of large authority in all that part of Central America -ommonly called the Mosquito cm at. - .0 . a nd covering the entire length of th ,0' Min.Mi.na arid ia nur! nt (!im- ' 1 ' vi awawi ... .... f n mm. -a Rica; that she regarded the Balize as ner aosoiuie a as. domain, and wns gradually extending its limits at the xpense of the Stato of Honduras: and -hat she had formerly colonized aeon siderable insular gronp, known as tin Bay Islands, and Udou ging, of right, to that Slate. All these facts or pretensions of Great Britain, being contrary to the rights of the 8tates of Central Ameri ea, and to to the manifest tenor of her stipuhdions with the United States, as understood by this government, have been made the subjeri of negociation through the American Minister of London. 1 trauernd herewith th iasiructions to him on the subject, an l the f.rrespondence between him and the British Secretary for Foreign Af fairs, by which you will perceive that the two governments differ widely and irreconcilably as to the i ruction ot the eonV'-n'.ion. nnd its elleet on their respective elaiioos to Central America. Great Britain so constru8 the'eonvention, as lo maintain unah.mg'-'d' all her previous pretensions ov.'r l'u Iusquito coast, and in different p "rts of Central America. These preten sions. as to tbe Musquito coast, and predeceas-rs would confer on Great Britain any political rights. Great Britain does no' allege the aeaent of Spun na aa lhe origin of her clairaa on the Mosquito Coast. She has, on the con i try, by repeated and are founded on tho assumption ol political relation between Great Britain and the remnant of a Iribe of Indiaas, on that coast, entered into a time when the whole country was a colonal possession ol Spain. It cannot be successfully controverted, that, by the t i a a W"a . " B AT w v Dossible act of such Indians or iheir puöiic law oi iMtrope and America, no
Ereaeeeanora oouid confer on (ireati It is thu tradition .1 and settled poh nta.n any TohlicaI rights. ey of the United Mn e. m o "!:' Great Britain dots not tllego lhe impartial neutrality durtag (he ,n assent of Spain oo the origin of her which from time to time occur among clams on the Mosquito coast. She the great powers of the world. Perhas, oo the contrary, by repealed and forming all the duties of neutrality
successive weanes, renounce, 1 ami reliuquhhed all pretensions of her own, and recognized thc full and sovereigu
hirhtn o( Spain in tho m-at unequivo- '
cnl terms. Yet the..- ret nsions, no standing the existence of ouch hootili- frontier; and the whole business conwithout solid foundation in thu be- tieo, our citnens retain the individual I ducted under the suiiervision and by
Tinning, and thus repeatedly abjured, wore, Rt a recent period, revived by (.treat. Britain ayain-t the Central American Htates, the legitimate aue ceiaors to 11 lite nnciuüt jurihdiclio it Hp tin in that region. they wera firt ,! plied nly to a d lined part of J the coast ot Nicaragua, afterward U) the whole of its Atlantic coast, nnd 1 lastly to part of tbc coast of Costa Ri ca. and they are now reasserted to tli-a extent, notwiihtnnding engage menu to thu United Slates. On the waalern coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, the interference of (Ireiit BrilHin, though exerted at one I time in form of military .ccupttion of ' tho port of San Juan del Norte, then I in the peaceful possession of the appropriale autuortlteo of the Central American States, is now presented by
her as the rightful exercise of a pro-: erent power articles, contraband of era o design, entered upon with full teclorship over the Mosquito tribe of i wnr or to take munitions of war or sol- knowledge of our lawa and national Indians. . !disrs on board their private ship for 'policy, and conducted by responsible But the est iblishmetit at the Balizc transportation, and although, in bo! public functionaries, impelled me to now reaching beyond its treaty limits doing, the individual citizen exposes ' present tho case to the Briluh governinto thu State of Honduras nnd that of his property or person to some of tbe ! ment, ia order to sec tut-, not only a the Boy Islands, appertaining of right hazards of war, his acta do not involve! cessation ol the wrong, but its repay ato the same State, areas distinctly any breach of national neutrality, nor 'lion. The subject is still under die colonial governments as thöse of .la-1 of themselves implicate the govern- cusaion, the result of which will be macia or Canada, and therefore con- J ment. Thus, during the progress of oommuuicatod to you in due time, trary to the very letter as the spirit athe present war in Europe oureitisenst naiTiBit rblatiosts cohtinoku. of convention with the United Slates, have, without national responsibility, I repeat the recommendation sub as M was hi the time of ratihcation. therefor, oold gunowder and arms to mitte 10 thc Ua Congress, that proand now is uadereUnid by this govern- j all buyers, regardless of the destina- visioi mhde for the appointment of , . ton of those articles. Our merchant-! s commissioner, in connexion with 1 he interpretation whic.i the Brit- men have been nnd otill continue to , Qreill Britain, tosurrey and establish ih goverument thus in mrtioa aud be. largely employed by Great Britain , the boundary line, which divides the act, pervists in ascribing to tha con- aod by France, in transporting troops 'j erritory of Washin-ton from the vention. entirely ehangeo its charac ; provisions, and mtuiiUoas of war to , contiguous British possessions. Bv ter. While it holds us to all obbga-1 the pnncipal seat of military opera-1 reason of lhe extent Rnd imrw,rt.nce öf 11000, it in a great measure releases I tions, and in bringing home their sick the coantry m dispute, there has been Great Britain from those, which con- and wounded soldiers, hut ouch use of J imrmuent danger of collision between stituted the consideration if this Gov-! our mercantile marine i not inter-1 faK gUbiects of Great Britain and the
ernment for entering into the con ven-1 dieted either by the international, or , cilizcns of the Unit(.(1 States, inclttdtion. Ü is impossible, in my Judy- by onr municipal law. and therefore i,,g their n-pecive authorities in that ment for the Undedb States to acqui j toes not compromise our neutral re- quarter The project of a speedy esece in such a construction of the re- lotions with Rusebt. a.Tangement has contributed hitherto spective relations ol the two Govern-1 But our municipal law, in accor-; t0 jndUCe on both side- forbearance to ments to Central America. dance with the law of nations. Der- ....i k.. c.rr hut , .,,1, tiWa a
To a renewed call by His govern-; ment upon Ureal Bril:tin.to abide by and carry into effect, ihu stipulations of tne convention according to the obvious import, by withdrawing from the possession or colotiiz iton of por tions of the Central Aim tic in States of Houdurus, Nicaragua, BS d Costa Rica the British (iovernnteut has at length replied, affirruiug that the opeitur that th ratiou of the treaty 1 prospective onTO, atnt did oot rwuutre trreat Brhain lo abandon or contract any ooe.sions neid o her in Central America at the - - ., . . , . 1 be reply subs itutes a parüal issue I ,n PUc "cr,t" ,K ,h(' 1 ' ! :l" " 1 Bt" governmeni B tatei over the .f on of the right- at the d.t.e o. e treaty and that the-c ngbUeotB 1 Ponded the proectorohip td the j Mosquito Indians, the extended jurn,- ' diction and limits of the H ,l.z.. and the r 7 ! upn .Procieos 'y mphcation to inl-r, that, if the stipulations of the Ireatf bat colony 01 me Day tsianos and mere
to y vre in enect, ureai ornaiu 0 rver person to ennst or enter inmseli contemplated, for determining the B treat-lin ma: eU! aUw 10 hoi J the , or to go beyond the limits or juris- j rj ht8 of fight.py in Ae mouths of rivof the COnte . Portlons of Cnlral America. , diction of the United States with in-1 erB Qn the coaoU of the United States. I I . I -J 43 0 A A 1 mm. 1 m .t.i- i a. . t . t!a 1 m. B 0 . . t i L
ar... r . n;.: 1 r,, , IT I . ' I 1 'VII J Ut II , UHH, f a t-liv UfSVV Wl ill4. ...... 1L..4 -a . -.AT . . treaty, Great Britain had any posses stons there, other than the limited and peculiar establishment at the Balize, and maintain that, if she had any, they were surrendered by the convent. on This government, recognizor,, the obligations of the treaty, has of course
desired to see it executed in goo I that whether forbidden by lhe muni faith by both parties, and in the dis- ipal law or not, the 'very attempt to cussiou. therefore, has not looked to do it. without such consent, is an atrighto, which we might assert, inde tack on th" national sovereignty, pendanlly of the treaty, in con si der a I Such being the public rights and tion of our geographica position and j-the municipal law of the United
ot other -circumstances, winch create tor us ielations to the Central AmeriI . 1 ,r ... run S'jtl.iw rtitl,.r..nf rum 1 t ...... - i,t am Z.ZZ. ' o" Ul u,i,"r' i ne nriiien government, in us last communication, although well knowi9 the views of the United States, still declares that it sets no reason why a concihatorv spirit may not enable ihet wo governments to overcome all obstacles to a satisfactory adjustment of the subject Assured of the correctness of tbe construction of the treaty constantly adhered to by this sovernment, anil reso'ved to iusist on the rights of the United Suteo. vet actuated also bv the ruroe desire, which the British irovernme I causes of serious misunder-t audit) r
between two nations associated by so ' were immediately taken to arrest and to" not being justdied by any pnucimany ties of interest and kindred, it punish parties concerned, and so put pje of international law, it became the boo appeared to me proper not to con-1 n end to acts infringing the rounici-1 right and the duty of the United sidcran amicable solution of the COB- pal law and derogatory toour rover- (States to relieve themselves from the troversy hopeless. eignty. Meanwhile suitable repreoen-, implicasion of engagement on tbe There is, however, reason to appn -1 tations on tbe subject were addressed subjeot, so as to be perfectly free to act bend. that, witb Gieat Britain in acta-! to the British government. in the premiM-8 in such way B their al occupation of the disputed 'errito- ' Thereupon u became known, by tbe i public interests and honor shall derieo, a ,d the treaty therefore practi-; admission of the British government j mand. eally null, so far as reg aids our rights, itself, that the attempt lo draw re. I remain of the opinion tbat the this international dilficurty cannoriong emits from thia country originated United Statea ought not to submit to remsin undetermined, without involv- with it, or at least had its approval the pavrm nt of Sound dues, not so
ing in serious danger the Iriendly rclotipns, which it is the interest us well a the duty of both countries to eherish .U(1 preserve. It will afford me sincere gratification, if future efforts shall ns.'-'t in the succeso, anticipated heretofore w'lb more contidctic- than m . the aspect oi "-e Cil t permits me now to entertain BBcav'tKNT Ann other iihiee." ol discussion be- ' J - tween the United ."Hates and Greal B rilain has grown out u ' which he exegeucieo of the attempt. the war in hieb she id emra.rd with dussia in hicn sin. is tngageu witn . l sjl r. ' duc d heratto make, to draw recruits nm the United States. tr trjwai..s the n-Miecdvc b.-IILeieiit States we msv raabtäiablj expect , ihem not to interfere with our lawful
snjoyinent of its be tie lite, Notwith-1
n-hl to continue nil their acout turned , purMtiits, by land or by bob, at 1 home or abroad, subject only to such reatrictiono ia this relation, as the laws I of wir, 'in' usi,'.- ' unions, or special treaties, may impose; snd it is oar, sovereign ri'bt that our territory and (jurisdiction shall not be invaded by either of the belligerent nur tie- fr the transit of their armies, the opera tions of their flets, the lerv of troona 1 lor their owrvioe, the dtlting out of' ruihers by or against either, or any ' other act or ineident of war. And : these undeniable richte of neutralitv. : individual and naUonal, the United States will under no circumstances surrender. In pursuance of this policy, the laws ot the United States do not forbid their ' clligena 10 sell to either of the belüg-, empto.ily forbids, not only foreigners, w. ! 1 1 . .a ww B a.. but our own citizens, to fit oat, within 1 the limits of the United States, a ves. n to commit iiostiimes against any State with which the United States are at peace, or to increase the force of any armed vessel intended for such hostilities against a friendly State. Whatever concern mar have been felt by either of the belligerenr pow -
ers least private aned cruisers, orjBriuin relative to the Territory of other Teasels, in the service of one I Oregon. I have reason to be'beve , might be fitted out in the ports of this (nBf ft cession of the rh-hts of Ix.th
country to depredate on the property , o. me otner. an men .ears nave . 1. ... - I I . J. 1 proved to be utterly groundless. Our h've heen withheld from any -uch act of purpose by good faith and by reap -et f ,r the law. While the laws of the Union are thus p, remptory in their prohibition of the equipment or armament of heilig.rent cruisers ports they pro v ide no less absolutely that no per.on snail, within the territory or ju -n snan, wunin me urniory or ju nsdiction pt the United States, enlist r enter bimst If, or hire or retain and .i . . . m a - I I I-A- . s ' I VA YJ 1 , t.l (.. t Ulfs I MH 1 I dlill II I on board of any vessel of-war, letter . .t ..or.tf... .... ni-liniti... ...1 I. . . . VI iiniiji.. , vm Jil I , I . AUU Uli M' enactments are in strict conformity with the law of nations, which declares, tbat no Stale has die right to raise troops for land or sea service in ! another State without its consent, and Siatis, no solicitude on the Rubject was t nte rtained by this covei nment. . . - , ; , , , ivlum .. . ..... a..,.. It,.. lr.i.MU 1..n.l... W r I I "ÜTJÜIa "71' 1 1 7 ,"'C nieni passeu nu tuv to proviue ior tne enlistment ol foreigners in the mtlitarv service of Great Britain. Nothing on j the face of the ad, or in its public i history, indicated that tho British .overnment proposed to attempt re ' eroding in the United States; nor did it ever irive intimation of such intention to this irovernment. It was mat te of surprise, therefore, to find, sub- J oxWjWently, that the engagi ment of! persons "within the United States to proceed to Halifax, in the British
otuated also by ; province ot isova ocotia, aau intre ! ',1U 1111 "n U-""B ",v w"llu ch is avowed by enlist in the service of Great Britain, nance of the treaty, yet may, by possint, to remove all i was going on extensively, with little I bility, be construed as implying such
1 province of JNova Scotia, and there ! or no aisgmse. uminsry legal steps an Wav saoal sane' ion : but if also appeared that the public agents engaged in ii had "stringent instructions" not to violate the municipal law of the United' ' States. . It is difficult to understand how it j I should have been supposed that troops ... . 1 r . n ' . r could De raiseti nere oy ureal uritain, without violation of the municipal
law. 1 ta unmisianaDle object I the 'rhja government, on a former ocea- occur, facilitate their more speedy setlaw was to prcveut every ouch act, ,ion not unlike the present signalized dement, which, if performed, must be either j,, determination to maintain the) mbxico. in violation of the law, or in studied iret dom of the seas, nnd of the great The interposition of this govenment evasioo of it ; and. in either nlterna- natural ehnnnebt of navigation. The : has been invoked bv manv of its oiti-
X I . j :j l. .kl. IVU Ilia. It r I 1 1 II 1 e Wlllllll nu U V mill. - ' . V 4 I , ... a 1 . iTno... - rsi i en. ! Slates. In the meantime, tne mutter acrniied dditionnl imnnrtiniw. liv tbe
ecruitments in Hip ttniled Stales not the l.-mted States, althouL'h suttering ed Us government to give duo consul- or account, or to make false returns, being discontinued, and the doowkav I. s-hy t lkrt-depredations than many , eration to claims of private reparation ; and dso requiring them on the termi'tre of the fact that they were prose- other nations, returned the explicit j snd has appeared to call for and jus- nation of their service to deliver to
cu ted upon a systematic plan devis. a hv .ifBcial authority; that recruiting rende."VOaA hod been opentd in our 1 principa 1 dies, and depots for tbe re -
our the regular oo-operation ofDritish of fleers, civil and military, some in the Noith American provinces, and soffiw ia thu United Slates. Th complicity of tho e oflifcrs man underukinj, which could only be accomplished by defying our laws, throwing suspicion over our attitude of neutrality, and (Iisregardint; our Uirrttorial rights, to conclusively proved lv the evidence elicited 011 the ri.il of such of their w ngents aa have been npprvheuded and convicted. Some of the officers thus implicated me ot "high official position. and many of them bovood our iurj iatliction, so that legal proceedings cuuld not reach the sonroe of the 'mischief. These consiueratious, and the fact, that the cause ol complaint was not a ' ' caoiaI occurrence, but a delibrj.,ht. Continuano 1 . 1 nnce of delay on tbe part 01 the two governments to act in I O . prl 0f the two cov the matter will increase the (lantrers , and difficulties of tbe controversy. I M iiinrlertftmiin'r pviaL an tn the .extent. eWrwowee, and value of tbe possessurv rights of tbe Hudson's Bav Comoanv and the nroncrtv of the l ef Bef ! I Pii're-t?? Sun nil A tfricul r nnil Hnninanr 1 reserved in oar treaty with Creai companks to the United States, which in... - 1 wpa,d be the readiest means of terj miDR,,nfr M questions, can be ob tHine(1 on reasonable terms, and with ,v view to this end, I present the sab ;L.ct lo thc attcntion t Congr. s. The colony of Nef undland. bav ig en.tcted the lawr. required by the treaty of the 6th of June. 1854, is now p,Ced on the ssme footing, in respect t commercial intercourse with lhe United States, as the other British Uniu.d States, as the othei North American Provinces The commission, which thr that treaty ' ' j inces, I 1 . . w commenced its labors; to complete which, there is needed further appropriations for the service of another season. SOUND I u: KS. In pursuance of th" authority, conferred by a resolution of the Senate of the United States; passed on the 3d of March last, notice was given lo Denmark, on the 14th day of April, of the intention of this governmeut to avail itself of the stipulation of the subsisting convention of friendship, commerce and navigation betweea that Kingdom und the United States, whereby either party might alter ten years, terminate thc same of thc expiration of one year from the date of notice for (hat pnspose. The considerations, which led me to call the attention of Congiess to ! that convention, and induced the Senate to adopt the resolution referred to, still continue in full force. The convention contains an article, which, although it does not directly engage the United States to submit to the im position of tolls on the vessel and j cargoes of Americans passing into or ; irom tne name sea, uuruig tue coninila. rm . a .a , suoun.ou. iu watuuu w . much because of the amount, which is j a secondary matter, but because it ia in effect the recognition of the right of Denmark to treat one of Ibe great maritime highways of nations as a close sea, and the navigation of it as prj viletr for which tribute may be im' I . . , , ; i posed npon those wno nave occasion ; to use it. o . Diwoary otates nan, ior a mug time. f.. e I. 1 ... . 1 I r I . . .. - ck rceo me payment oi tnouie irom i .ii a : . . 1 1 1 ll'inou', wiiUoW: rsilip I rviUr i itcäA the Mediterranean. To the last de - a a a . a a man. I ot ho -n payment made nv mem, answer, that we preterred war to tribute, and thus opened the way to ! the relief of tbe commerce of die world 1 from an ignominious tax, so long
oeotioo of recruits established on
rrful nations of Europe. If the manner of payment of the Sound dues differ from that of the tribute formerly conceded to the JJarh.ry States, still their exAcUcn by Denmark has no better foundation in riht. Kach was in its origin, nothing but rt tax on a common natural right, extorted by tho, who were at that time, able to obstruct the free and secure enjoyment of it, but who no longer posaaai that power. Denmark , while resisting our hmsertion of the freedom of the Bailie Sound and Belts, has indicated a readiness lo make some new arrange m-nt on the subject, nnd has invited the governtneuts interest! I. in . !ud:n the Üniu'd States, to be represented in a Convention to as nibte for the purpose of receiving and considering a proposition, which she intends to submit for the capiulizalion of the Stund dues, and the distribution of the sum to be paid as commutation - amon the governments, according to tain ivrinn.,1,1; jiiujjui nun ' 111 i;n 11 maritime commerce to and from the Baltic. I have declined in behalf of the United States to accept thisinvita tion, for thu most cogem reasons. -One id, that Denmark does not offer to snhmit to the convention the question of her right to levy the Sound dues, A second is that, if the convention were allowed to take cognisance of that particular question, still it would no: be competent to deAl with the great international principle involved which nffeots the right in other "cases of navigation and commercial freedom, as well as that of access to tho Baltic. Above nil, by the express terms of the proposition it is contemplated, that the consideration of the Sound due -shall be commingled with, and made subordinate to, a matter wholly extraneous, the balance of power amoiy the governments of Europe. While, however, rejecting this propoMoon. am. uwm ng on tue rigi u ' ii' c utmu nuu ,111 1 iioui tm: u.ii' tic, I havej expressed to Denmark, a willingness on the part of the United States, to .-hare liberally with other powers iu compensating her for any advantages, which commerce ahall hereafter derive from expenditures , tn"de hLhfr for tbe improvement and i fciy wf !he navigation of the Sound or the Belts I lay before you, herewith, sundry documents on the subject, in which mv views are more tuliv disclosed. Should do satisfactory arranrcmcnt fu. ervnn r ine I n , I ml T wliatt ii.ain n . 1 1 v-.-v a . ..... 0... oui ciicntion to nie suo.eci. wt'.n
submitted to, by the farmor
recommendation of such measures asi.i- , ....... 1 ; ...A
may appear to be required in order to aaaert and secure the rights of the United States, so far as they are effected by the pretensions of Den mark. FRANCE. I announce with mach gratification' that, since the adjournment of Congreso, the question then existing be tween this government and that o! j France, respecting the French consul at oan rrancisco, ih. satisuictoriiy determined and that the relations ot the two governments continue to be of the most friendly nature. UBBKCK. A question, also, which has been pending for several years between the United States and the kingdom of Greece, growing out of the Sequestration, by public authorities of that country, of property belonging lo the present American Consul at Athens, and which had been the subject ol very earnest discussion hcrctefore, has recently been settled to the satisfac lion of the party interested: and of both governments. SPAIK With Spain, peaceful relations are still maintained, and some progress has been made in securing the redress of wrongs complained of by this government. Spain has not only disavowed and disapproved the conduct of the officers, who illegally seized and
detained the steamer Black Warrior at I provided fur in the late treaty with Havanna, but has also paid tbe sum j Mexico, and seven million buys i hun claimed as indemnity for the loss jdred and fifty thousand dollars approthereby inflicted on ciiizeDS"of the U. j priated on account of the debt due to
States In consequence ol a destructive hurricane, which visited Cuba in 1844, ti.e supreme authority of that island a decree, permitting the importation, for the period of six months, of cer taiu building materials and provisions, free of duty, but revoked it, when about half the period only had elapsed, to the injury of citizens of the United States, who had proceeded to BOl on the faith of that decree. The Spanish government refused indemnification to the parties aggrieved until recently, when it was assented to, payment being promised to be made as soon as the amount due can be as - certained. Satisfaction claims for the arrest and search of the steamer 1 Dorado has not yet been accorded, out there is reason to believe that it will be and that case with others continues to be urged on the attention of the Spanish Government. I do not abandon the hope of concluding with Spain some general arrangement, which if it do i D0t wholly prevent the recurrence of 1.. .. . ... i diraculties in Cuba, win render them j less frequent, and whenever they shall I . ... l . . A M . . n ... mmriA. l.kna. try. eUB, uu ..wuu. oi iuju.it.. w w !.. j r,. -t,:t. meir persons auu property, wtiteu i . . .. ai., .,.,..1,'... v..n..n.i n., luv- .man txii iipuuiio ta tcw-vuoiuit:. 1 The unhappy siiuation of that counI AO. at .11 trv, ior some time paat, nas not anow tiiy some loroearance in sucn mauers i on the part of this government. But, if the revolutionary movements, I which have lately occured in that re -
public, and in the organization of a siabis government, urgent appeals to ilat justice will then be made, and, it may be hoped, with oucceoo, for the redreoo of all complaiato of our oiti
CBKTBAL AMBBIOA. In regard u the American republics which, from their proxi.nity Bad other consideration, huvc pecuUar ralatioao to this government, ahilo it has been , ' I rov conMtAiiL aim tricllv Lo observ 41 i the obligations of political friendship and of good neighborhood, obi lac lea ! to this have ihdi in noiuu of them. from their own lusuhVicnt power to check Inwlesi irruptions, which ia el feet thrown rooat of thu tank on tbe United Sutea. Thuo tt i that the distracted internal condition of the Slate of Nicrragua has nande it incumbent on roe to appeal to the good faith of our citizen tu abstain from unlawI fui intervention in ito affairs, cud tu : adopt preventive measures to tbo same 1 v,-ty ,siviat "M rniiiirai wv waW J Vi a IJaaVU Ue ral,u ia roftMUring the ei-ii, winch, on a similar occasion, bad peace of tbo Mexican Statu of S000ra and Lower California. ! iKKATiBfi. ' Sine the I as: oeasion of Congreao a treaty of amity, commerce, and nava-I gation, aud for the surrender of the fugitive criminals, with the kingdom of the Two Sicilian; a treaty cf friendship, commerce, nnd navigation with Nicaragua ; and a convention 0 comraerciol racipraoity with the Hawaiian kingdom, have been negotiated. The latter kifiurdiim nnd thi Stun- t-J ICinat. ratrua have also -needed to a declare-! tion. recognizing as international righto. tin principles contained in the convention between the United States and ! Russia of the 2nd of July. 1864 These treatiea and Conventions will ! be laid before the Senate for raüficacation TUKArlURr. The statements made, in my last annual message, respecting the anticipated rtceipU txpen(Hture8 IV..0r,, 1, u have been kubstantiailv , , un'o tr verified. It appears from tbe report of the Secretary of the Treasury, that the receipts during the last fiscal year ending June 30, 1866, from all sources, were sistv-6ve million three thousand nine hundred and h'.rty dollors; and that the public expenditure for the same period, exclusive of pay men tsi on account of lhe public debt, amountd to fjft six million three hundred and sixty live thousand three hundred unfl ninetv . I Ii ro dnllnra tliirin., tVi.i same period tho Davmentg idoX in j Name period the pavments r,.,,.m.,. . , ... .h 1,1.- Hhr inl uti'i: num?i nuu jkiiiiuui, aiuuuuku . . K tn nine mi hen ei,.hl hundred and f..r. ty-four thousand five hundred and twentv M.rht dollars. The balance in the treasury at the beginning of tbe present fiscal year, July 1, 1855, was eighteen million nine hundred and thirty-one thousand nine hundred and seventy-six dollars; the receipts forth? firai quarter, and the estimated receipts for the remaining three quarters, amount, together, i 10 sixty neeii loauiwai nine uuuureu . and eighteen thousand seven hundred and ihrity-four dollars: thus affording in all, as the available resources of the fiscal year, the sum of eighty-six million eight hundred and fifty six thousand seven hundred and ten dollors. If, to the actual expenditures of the first quarter of the current fiscal year, be added the probable expenditures tor the remaining three quarters, as estimated by the Secretary of the Treasury, the sum total will be scveo-ty-one million two hundred and twenty six thousand eight hundred and forty six dollars, thereby leaving no estimated balance in the treasury oa July 1, 1850, uf fifteen million six bnndred and twenty three thousand eight hundred and sixty three, dollars and for'y one cents. In the above estimated expenditures of the present fiscal year are included thr.e million dollars to meet the last instalment of tbe ten millions! rn t t a lexas, wnicit two sums m:.Ke. an aggregate amount of ten million seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and reduce the expenditures, actual or estimated, for ordinary objects of the year, to the sum of sixty million four hundred and seventy six thousand dollars. The amount of the public debt at tbc commencement of the present fiscal year, was forty million five hundred and eighty three thousand six hundred and thirty one dollars Bnd deductions being made of subsequent payments, the whole public debt of j government remaining al this time is ' less than forty million dollars, The remnant of certain other gov'ernment stocks, amouuting to two 1 hundred and foity three thousand dol- ; iars, reierrcu to in my last message as outstanding, has since been n.itd. I am fully persuaded that it would be difficult to devise a system superior to that, by which die fiscal buisness of the government is now conducted. Notwithstanding the great number of public agents of collection and disbursement, it is believed that tbe checks and guards, provided, including the requirement of monthly returns, render it scarcely possible for any considerable fraud on the part of those agents, or neglect involving hazard of serious public loss, to.escape detection. I renew, however, the recommendation, heretofore made by me, of the enactment of a law declaring it felony on the part of public officers to insert ao I . Atn, a taise entries in their books of mr-nr1 their successors all books, records, and other objects of public nature in their custody. Derived as public revenue is, in
chief part, fron duut ob uu porta, ikf
magnitude affords gralrfytag orti of the prosperity, not only of onr merce, but of the other great upon which that drperda. The principl that all motteri icquired for the c oxro t aTportoao of the government ohouVd reraaia tor aclire . mployment in the hands of tbe people, nnd tbe conapicwou fact that the annual revenue from ail xceedi, by many mi I lions of l,H amount neeoeo for a prudent asvd econtmieal administration of piibRc almln- B l " OUggeot Ute proprtetr of on early re vision aod redmeSAoot the unfr. of duties on importi. Ji ib now an gwerajlj conceded that sjaw purpose of revenue alone eaa jeefify . L - t Ia: . J ' toe impuBiuon 01 auuei OA Hi that, in ro-adjuatin.' the iaspot and schedules, which UMBMlionoohr ... 1 in .r. a' require esenuai moaiDOAUODS, B m part u re from tho principle a of of tho present tariff is not anticipated. Alder. Tbe Army, during the pool year, bt'n tlYeljr engaged ia defsttaiaaf Üoe nuian rronuer, toe state ol rimitting but few and . in oar permanent fftriiflratotoM. Tltt additional regiments aiillii rhmtlll at Ja last aeasioD of CoBgreao have lmea re cruit ed and organised, and a portion ol the trams haoa been sent to the field. All the which devolve upon the Baihtarr e lishmf nt. have been satfaotorily mt- .. I I .v. j j . lT J loiuieu, miu toe uangera aaa pa incident to the character of tha 'I-,in,d of r troP Woe TBdlltaWi -dUonal evidence of their roarOafe, r.ea!l nd1lCÄJf-t3r to "- 1 8,tlon' h ' co-tr? uPn tbem- for tb deUik -öditary operaUons. tho dislribojlfow of lhe trooJP!' V d,dltio"-J Posi required for the military service, I re fer you to the report of the Secretary of War, and the accompany lag doeaments. Experience, gathered frooo which hare transpired since aay . lawi annual mosoage, has bat served to emafirm tbe opinion than expieseed of the propriety of making pjxvioiot, by a retired list, for disabled iflUofl. awaf for increased compeoaation far th oMcers retained on the list for active ataxy. aii tne reasons wo tea. txtHeC. X a . aaa ate, these measures were T mod,natüti. for.ner ocitasMsa: except bo Car aa V ne S1 toree. The recommeodatiooo. md for a Y"" regtmMtm oi tht army ore also re Dewed o a Toe . thorouifh elementary education nir 1 a . w 1 In ihnen nffiouH avtwt .naiauaaa ft.. 1 " "" "-"v'" " waerw .an , JT? witb th P rf ( fies them, to a considerable exteai, to perform tbe duties of every arm af tike service, bat to give the highest efficiency to artillerry requires the special study aad practice of many years, and it ia no', therefore, believed to be advisable to maintain, in time of peace, a larger force of that arm tbaa can be usually employed in the duties appertaining to the service of fieU aad siege artillery. The duties of taw staff in all fts various brmnebeo, belong to the txaoweowBYito of the liwui. and the efficiency of oa army im the field would materially depettd wpott the sobility with whieh these dodaM are discharged. It is not, as in tabs ease of tbe artillery, a specialty, bau req uires, alga, an ialisaate knowledge of the duties of bb officer of the line, and it is not doubled, thai, to eooaplete the education of bb officer for dther the line or the general staff, tt ie desirable that he ahall have oerroni hs both. With ibio view, it was reeooBmeniied on a former occasion tbat the duties of the staff should be rasinW performed by details from tbe line - mi, with conviction of the which would result fromjsach a it to aam presented for the tion of Congress. BAYT. The report of the Secretogy of thc Nary, herewith submitted, exhibits in full the naval ope ration a of the year, together with the present tion of the service, and it makes saxggestions of further legislation, to w hich your attention io invited. The construction of sixty i gates, for which aporiattoas by the lost Congress, bos the most satisfactory. with such expedition as to warrant the belief that they will be reotdy for aervice early the coming spnng. tant as this addition to oar bbybJ is, it otill remains ioadcoaatc to contingent exigencies of the pTOlacdon of the extensive sea ooaot sssoi vast commercial interest ot the United Statea. In view of this hot, aad of the acknowledged wi adorn of the policy of a gradual and oystoowatoc increase of the BBvy , bb ippwiptriowiaa ia recommended for the eooaOOrnobatoa of six steam sloops erf war. Ia regard to the stai ecu tion of the net of mote the eSoieocy of Ükt aavy, ü if unneceasary for ma to aay on tore tawaB to express entire nnaiitisisnaioi hi ftkB observations oa that by the Secretory in. his It will be rjereereed. by OlBt of the Postmaster Qanowol. tn Css expendftare of the the last fiscal year oraa ion nine hand red and mxtj -tight i line nnnoren nan sassy agau. "- three hundred and fcesry-toro noland the groos reexsipwi savna tmnv hree hundred and noosty-toro tnensand Urs, ion three hundred sand one hundred and ikkny nollars, making an izoowof over receipts of twn Badnwi Hrwd and twenfr-otx t hundred aad six dollars; tnnttaVi of mail tDapCHrtxttion dwnnw tka was six handred and thousand nine handred ojbd nfty-toro dollars greater than one wsHona year. Mach of tba haavw exmnditBres, lo which noe Tiibbbbj ia tbot ooJyjoex to oa moNbta to the lovga
dortig.
i r aa itwl i i ob