Indiana American, Volume 22, Number 22, Brookville, Franklin County, 19 May 1854 — Page 1

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V7 5.)

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BY T. A. GOODWIN.

Ilateiof ldrtllnf oaonreett upo bf the mbacrlbei-e. Transient Advertising. One,u.reorlr.i,Uiro wek 11,00 For rj iiMittoual acrtioa under moniti Yearly Advertising. On vnin or lew, on year Ou fuuritt ola columul mot . " s mo l,, uw i year. lia On half of aeolumu 3 mot 'u' Gmo. ..... .w.lHJ M It MV4. .......... ...D.W On column 1 m " HI! t Ohio.. ...... i 13 mi 4'"" For ca uiunion oer ihre week tiw leee than three mooU,SM ente a ,ure 111 b iuu. A ,uro coniu orsao m tea niioe nparetl. AnytUiog io uian aiiuro iw u wuuWUaaa full .uaro; a fraction over a (Uure, a a Hü re auJa aalt, a fraction over a ,uar aua a tail, a twoiuarsa, audit) on. Circuit ami i'oiumou loa Court, A-s mlnlitn tloa mad oUmr l uoikno. tausl ti Jtd I aJ . ....... -1 rwjiil. 11 b-M !! ., H UiL. .'' aHorUi lti l. loruoytwul t) held r.,ntuitl tot Ihi) t'.'al aU AunouuciugcjmUUieorry Uicr1itlon, .rr... ... ......... ....i i ia iiuiai ua in Hol AJverwaaneuu not warned on tha copy for a paeiUeU ouiutxsr or ineruou, will b eouunueU ...uioniDiwluuL aaU nermeul requlrJ aeoor.....tlVAlllLf IllfifiVCE. tb äiU te ntaanaU la lhat dalu. If uiaraaJ "Uli foroia," Uiey will, ot eourw, b UarUvl uutll ordrJ out, al u uul raioa. Alt aaruomuU froiatru9r ortrantlant k i . ....I.... id. r.i.,r to a tluduiU daK. wliaa pa raou W tw paia la al auco. r .SiMKital .oicaa, l'uJ, aod CoiatnuukaUOM . u nrainuia trtale l liiere. Will 0 jiamo au 1 lf aiü ar anoountod gratulu . I., i . for aai:n lutorliou. to aderUttuai will U InierUd wllboul CompaotaUoa. a GOODW15, Ed. American. professional (Smto. - Dr. J. W. KEELY, Surgeon Dentist, .. A n il II l t I I V II u.n k n.iTiui. All wor warranUd. o svdii m. hi k nuuic sui in j f inc. ialui Harge lor exaiuiuauon or advice. 41-17 J. K DAVIS, M. D., rhytiiciaii & Surgeon, OKFICÜ al bta rasldnc, corner oi Main and Jama iroaU, Ürookviüu, lud. CTnt'sKILOOltC, Juatlcaof tha heace, aud AHorusy aud Couuellor at law, brooktiUe, IoJ. O.tice outa Kal C'oruar of Public Square 43, llUJ. . MOIlflOW, Attorney and Coonielloral ,Uf, Omca o. 7Haila'a bulldinir, Brookvilla, mdiana. 1-43. AUorneT anl Counsellor a II, Uw,BrouliÜ9,laJ. Ufflca la Hau) i ouu 4J-"53 diuf NJI'C. CIIOOKSII.tlK, Attorney ana , CounielloratLaw. Office lolliilla'ibuildiiif, Vl'C. CUOOKSU ATK, Brookviüa, lodtaua. 43-'53 Jt on BurgeaaiireeUlwodoortiiorUi of Geo. HoiT laad'tOfflce.BrookTllla. ii-'ii NOTARY PUBLIC. Residence, Mt. Carmel. lnd. " SlüslJ. fiJJLLKY, Attornrr at l.nw and Notary Public, LAUKKU, KKANK.U.T CO. IXO., WILLUkearkoowiodginenu of Ueeda, take and certify Depoeition, AfflJaTluic. A la P. H'AUD, ATTORNEY &.C0UNfctLL0R AT LAW, Brookf Ilia, Indiana. Odea two doon north Burton' Mora. IN II. 3IURIIIS.M. Ü., Phy iticia ii &. Surgeon . Mt. Carmel, Ind., 22-2-' 53 1 year. C0VG2ZSSI09AL CANDIDATES. It appears from the following letter from Ii. F. Mullea that he has notion of being crowded off the track. From present appearances it will require some management to get the nomination in thii district: MCCORMICK HOUSE,) April 2Gth H54. J To tha Editor of tUe Da-oocrailo Rulatirj Sir: I have been somewhat surprised to find a report current over this congressional district, that I am not a bona-iido candidate for the nomination to congress, by the democratic convention, but that I am merely n candidate nominally, intending to induce my friends to support Col. Lane and thus ruro lis nomination. As this report docs me great injustice, and is untrue, in every particular, I beg leave publicly to deny tho charge, and state that I shall exercise no controling influence, if I do not get the nomination, for any other aspirant. Col. Lane and myself have been very friendly disposed towards each other I do not de&ire, and I hopo ho does not, to interruptthese friendly relations, yet I am forced to deny these charges hen gratuitously circulated against me. an mere aro some circumstnnrna iV,n induce tut to believo that the report in this county had its origin with some 'friend or friends of Col. Lane. They are as follows: First: In the attacks ms.do upon me m a democrat by independent (?) alias masked whig sheets th "Regis ter nas remained silent, -whilst the ,,Jacksonian"his defended me Secondly: Various proceedings of uciuut-muQ mccungs, called to appoint delegate, in which were embodied instructions to the delegates to support u,w v' yuv ominauon, have been suppressed; though the ,It.vister" was requested to publish. Lastly: My friends have invariably said that the report of my assuming to be a candidato came from th oso who profess to be warm supporters of Col. Lane. By publishing this communication reserving to yourself the rbht to comment upon it and select nny posi lion you choose to define, you will much oblige, Yours Kespccttully, ß. F. MU LLEN. OCT W. clip tho followinj from the Uoston Herald as a specimen of tha excitement created by tho late "do 1 a.v It manifests about as much intellhje nee certain lawyer manifests in tils opposition to our "hoj law." Mr. EdJytur of the Boston Herald:- -That what I witch to ir ink yois weatlier strlcknine wot the poleece givci i to dogi wont pizea the hcuman beans a f -ter lhe lassenden has been frido.I Jeese to put in the p.yper how this i 0, lur If frid atricknine i pizeu leo affji aaaeneer. Youn till pizened, AAurBor.

(Sjjoitc )ottru. BT X. ELL EM G00DMA.1. Polity, peacefully Lay her to rat; Place the turf lightly On her young breail; Gently, solemnly, Band o'er tha bed Whet a ye bare pillowed Thus early her head. Let a bright fountain Limpid and clear, Murmur Ita uiuelc, Km lie through a tear Realtor It diamond . Wo er tbe loved llo ErUHaulauC larry, " Like n.gcl'i eye. Thau euall the brljUt bird On (oldeu wlog', Llnforlii( ever, Murmuring Inf, Then uall 10 ot brof Pvodvely lgtt Bearing rich fragrance And nielody.by. Lay Uta od llgUÜy Ovar berbreait; Calm be bar luuibfrt, Peaceful her rest. Peaceful, lovely, She waa but given, A fair bud t earth, To Llot m .a heaveu. Z)T7T8CHS ADYÄTISiIZ5T. BY C. TOAfcKWOLFK. Mine horao la doped, aud I'm avrald Ho Iim beau diiaou, or:oleu,or iimjpj Mln big black horao, dt lookaao liiry, 1'oul fourteen oder twelve band blglt. llo hi boon gut liiusl four feots black, Two leg x) fore aud two peb'ud Pe ure you keep all di lu mlud. lie' pluck al: over, dal 1 truo, All butbi face, and dat piack loo; X drut aud canton, vki and puco And out vok Pelzcbub lu dracc. And van be gallop la de alreet, II vaks upoa hl leg- aud feet, a Von leg goea down aud den the oder. And alway follow von anoder; lie ba dwo etr ttucli 'n bi bead. Bot of Usm'sneder wbitoor red, But bot et'ke ahut von you , Ith placker dan de oder po; Ha' got two eye dat look von viy, Only fee lout von loder day; And van you want to take a ri Jo, Shamp oa bl back on toder tide, Andlllhutagnril drue, Da eye vau pllna vlU not see yoa. Ill tall' pihlnd hlru, long and ihleuk, Only I cut him off lat veek, And de re fore 11 not any mora A half 10 long ai t before. Ildcockthl ear aud look to gy, And wt!l not atartand ranavay, -'But von ba larUaui uakea vonpriug, Aod thump about like rcry iing", II ride about mit hall and cart, I never ee auch horte for h mart; And (ometlrue ba goe od de road, Ml tout nobody for hi load, But pay; of corn, and lake da track. Mil Hut boy upon hi back. Mine bore It not o very old, Mot ban o yonus a van he' foalded; And ven ha gallop, rear, or thump , 111 hetd eoine alt before him plaisp; And dea hi dail xt all behind, Pul aometlmea ven he takee a mind, Celt mad and turn all round, baiare, Vy den bl tail goe ail before. Whoever till re '.no plack hon got, Füall pay ton dollar on the thpot; And if ba bring de tief aliva, Vy,don ha pay m twenty-Are.

$ olitieitl. SPEECH Ör CQL.IENTON ON THE NIB2AS KABILL. Dellvorrd In tle Uemee of ftepre acnlatiree Tucedar (lie ?3tli day lAprll, 1831. COKCLCDID. Tbc crooked line of this smunlina firoces is this: "abolish the Compromise ine, and exteud the Constitution over the country; the Constitution recogni ses slavery; therefore, slavery is established as 60on as the line is abolished, and tho Constitution extend ed: and beinir put' there bv the Con stitution, it cannot bo legislated out." This is tho English of this smuggling process, and certainly nothing more unworthy of legislation more derog atory to a legislative body was ever attempted to be made into Jaw. Sir, tho Constitution was not raado for Territories but for States. Its provisions are all applicable to States, and cannot bo put in operetion in territories. They cannot vote lr President, or rice President, or members of Congress, nor elect their own oCiccrs, or prescribe the qualifications of voters, or administer their own laws by their own judges, sheriffs, and attorneys; and the clause extending the Constitution to them is a cheat and an illusion, and a trick to smuggle slavery into the lermory. or is it intended that they Bhall have any legislative viMit uuuer mo voiisumuon, even in relation to slavery. They may admit it beiauso it is "to bo there bv the Coasitution: they cannot exclude it. Dccavso tho Constitution puts it there That is the argument: and it is t juggh worthy ot the trick of one egg uuuei mree nats at the same time andunderncithcratanytimc. Besides, tue vonsuiution is an organic, not an administrative act. It is a code of principles, not of laws. Not n clauso in it can bo executed except by virtue of a law made under it not even the clause for recovering fugitive slaves. But I am not done yet with the beauties of this moda of repealing a law by an exception. Thcr is a further consequence to be detected in it. The Missouri Compromise consists of two instinct parts: hrst. an abolition of slavery in all the ancient Louisiana north and west of Missouri; secondly, a provision for the recovery of fugitive slaves in tin territory made free? Dy tho omitted extension of . this section, both these 1 ai ts are repealed. A tract of country larger than tho old thirteen Atlantic Slates, and bordering a thousand miles on the British dominions, is made un asylum for furitive , slavei . There will be no law to recover

a slave from ull that vast region. The ' constitutional . provision is limited to I cj.. t... : .:, :.. .u.. iTrtT

O llC.', tUC J'IUVIMUII Iii ll(. Ui l IUI is limited to lh Norlhwtst Territory; tho second purt of the Missouri Compromise extended this right to all the territory north and west of Missouri; and thut being rvpenlcd, that right of recovery is lost. I object to this on the part of the Statu of Missouri the State tobe most injured by converting all the territory north and west of her, quite out to the British line, into an asylum for runaway slaves. The blunder cannot be correcUd, (at least, in the opinion of those who deny the constitutional power of Congress to legislate on slavery in territories) by an Act at Uongraaa Then comes the reason fo'r excepting the Müsouri Compromise from the extension which is given to amass of laws which are not there, and denied to '.elf which is there. If tho reason had been because it was already there, it would have been a logical and com prehensible reason; but that is not the cause assigned; and those which are assigued aro actually numerous and curious and worthy of examination. rirsi, oecauso 11 was superseded oy certain nets of 1850; next, that it is 'inconsistent with thosoncts; then that is is inoperative; and, finally, that it never was there, being dead in its , birth under the Constitution, and void from the beginning. Let us look into these reasons, seriatim, as the lawyers say: and first of supersession. It is Buid that the measures of 1850 superseded this Compromise of 1820. It so, why treat it now as still existing, and therefore to bo repealed by an exception m order to get rid of it? If it was repealed in 1850, why do it over again in 1851? Why kill the dead? But it was not superseded; but acknowledged nnd jconnrmea oy every speaker in 1850 that j reierred to the subject, and by every I act that mentioned it. This beinir the matter of fact, and proven by all eorts f testimony parole, written, and record it had to bo civen up (though a test of orthodoxy as long as it stood) and something else put in its place. Thereupon supersession was itself superseded by "inconsistent." Out of the frying-pan into the fire! Inconsistent signines inability to stand together two things which cannot stand together from con and shto. Now, what is the fact with respect to the Compromises of 1G20 and 1850? tan they not stand to-rether? And if noCwhy knock the.ona down thut is alreadrTluwuf i tr now ruur veuraT since misisiniiuuuy to stand together took etTcct; and how do the two sets of measures make out together at the end of this time? Perfectly well. They are both on their feet standing bolt upright and will &tan.l so forever, unless Congress knocks one or tho other of them down. This is fact. .V i -, . . . . .

known to everybody, and a lmitted by i ries, and its duty to do so when there the bill itself; fur if the first u incon- 'is occasion for it as in 1787 and 1820. sisteut with the second, und unable to' I object to this shilly-shally willystand, why all this trouble to put it tvoniy don'ly canty style of logUladown? Why trip up the heels of n tion. It h not legislative. It's not manalaadyfl.it of his back on thj ' parliamentary. It is not ramly. it ground? Then comes another reason i i not womanly. No woman would that this compromise of 1320 is j talk that way. No shilly-shally iu a inoperative and void. If so, those 'woman Nothingof the female gendtr who are against its operation should j was ever born young enough, or lived be content. It is in the very condition j long enough, to get befogged in such they wish it useless, powerless, dead ; a quandary as this. It H one thing and no bar to the progress of slavery ft?r tho other with them, and what they in the North. Void is vacant, empty, ' say, they stick to. No breaking burnothing of it. Now, if tho of 3G deg. j gains with them. But the end of this 30 min. is iuoperative nnd void, it Ts j speech is the best of the whole. D.fin the condition of a fence pulled down, : fercnt from good milk, in which tho aud the rails carried away, and the j cream rise to the top, it here bettle to field left open for the stock to enter. I the bottom, und ii m these words: Hut the fence is not pulled down. The "Leave it to the people thereof that is line is not vet inorer.uivo nnd void, i to say, of the States and of the Territo-

It is an existing substantive line, alive j and operating; and operating effectu ally io oar tue progress ot slavery to tho Xorth; und will so continue to operate until Congress shall btop its ' operation. Thcu comes the final reason, that it was unconstitutional tin I void: that it had uo existence liom the Dciruminj; and that it must not bo repealed by u direct act, for that would bo to ac-1 knowledge its previous existence, and to nullify the constitutional argument; and, what is more terrible, nvolvo the authors of the doctrine in an inconsist ency of their own; and thereby make tnem, themselves, inoperative and I void. And this is tho analysis of the1 reasons for the Nebraska bill that i part of it which is to net rid of the i UonitiromiiO oi 1U''0: un run. ran rn. dictory, suicidal, and preposterous. And why such a farrago of nullities, incongruities, and inconsutencie: Purely and simply to throw upon others upon the Congress of iB50, and tho innocent Constitution the blame of what tho bill itself is doing; the blame of destroying tho Compaoraise of 1820; and with it, destroying all confidence between tho North and the South, and arraying ono hall' the i I'..!.. .1. . I . .. . , 1 ' Union against the other in deadly hostility. It is to be able to throw blame upon the innocent, that this farrago is served up to us. And what is all this hotch-potch for? It is to establish a principle, they say the principle of non-intervention of squatter sovereignty. Sir, there is no such principle. The Territories . . . .... aro lha children ot the Mates. lhev are minors under twenty-one years of age; and it is tho business of the tho business of the s;i,.i.. il,.r.ii,yl. ilw.;r .i.-.h.n:n. . vo" u.v.vu congress, to iaucnre oi vaesu minors until they are of age-until they aro ripe for State Government-tlxcn give them that Government, aud ndmiti them to an equali.y with the lathers, That h the law, and the sense of the case; nnd has been no acknowledged since the first Ordiuanco of 1781, by all authorities, Federal and State, legislative, judicial, aud executive. Tho States in Congress,' arc the guardiaus of tho Territories, aud are bound to excrciso tho cuardianshin; and cannot abdicate it without breach

BBOOKVILLE, FRANKLIN COUNTY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, MAY

trust and ft dereliction 'of duty. Tor ritorial sovereignty is a monstrosity born of timidity and ambition, hatched into existence in the hot incubation of a Residential canva-ss, and revolting to the beholders when . first presented. Well do I remember the day when it was first khown in tho Senate. Mark Antony did not better remember the day when Ciesajr first put on that mantle through which he was afterwards pierced through with threc-and-twenty "envious stabs." It was in tho Senate in 1843, arid was received as nonsense as thu essence of nonsense as tha quintessence of nonsense as tho fivd times distilled essenco of political nonscnsicality. .iVhjr, thTerritory itself is the property of the Stales, and they do what they please with it permit iL to bo settled or not, as they please; cut it up by lines, as they please; sell it, or give it away, as they please; chase whito people from it, -as they please. After this tumvgo this olla-podriJa comes a little stump speech, injected into the belly of thu bill, and which must have a prodigious effect when recited in the prairies, and out towards the frontiers, nnd up towards the heads of tho creeks. I will - read it, and I hope without fatiuinjr the House; for it is both brief and beautiful, and runs thus: "It being the true intent and meaning of this act, not to legislate slavery into any State or Territory, nor to exclude it therefrom; but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United States." This is tho speech, and a pretty little thing itself, and very proper to be spoken from a slump in tho prairie. It has intent, and a true intent; which is neither to lcgislato slavery into or out of any Stat or Territory. Then why legislate at all? Why is all this disturbance, if no effect is produced, and things to remain just as they were? Let well enough alone, was the old doctrine; to make well enough still better, is the doctrine of progress; and that in spite of thu Italian epitaph, which says: "I was well, and would be better; took physic, and here I am." But the states must be greatly delighted at the politeness and forbearance of this bill. It puts States and Territories upon precise equality with respect to the power of Congress over them. Congress does not mean to put slavery in or out of any State or ' Territory io all tint palite abneavrj ae x tlttit, ilk riAi4l ,i wi tho States, it is the supererogation of modesty humility, as Congress happens to have no power to put slavery in them, or out of them; aud in respect of tho Territories, it is a a abdication of a constitutional power and duty; it being the right of Congress to legislate upon slavery in the tcrrito- " 10 regulate si vvery for thcnisclvrs as they please, only subject to tue Constitution of tho United States." Certainly this is a new subjection for the States. Heretofore they have been free to regulate slavery for themwives admit it or reject it; aud that not bY irttto ot any granioi power in the Konsumtion, uui Dy virtue oi un unsurrendered part of their old sovcrcignty. It 13 al.-o new of the .territories. Heretofore they have been held to bo wards of Congress, and entitled to nothing under the Constitution but that which Congress extended to j thvm. Hut this clause is not acaden'y nere, is to ai uj mv um. of th Constitution in Territories, but only there In relation to slavery, ati that for its admission not rejec uw ti j. ... :..d;. ,V, videlicet; squatter sovereignty, non-in-in '' un iii.i im ii iiiaiie. l tue, iiiuui ÄKS TrZnVvr! to legisltitc upon siaicry id xeni.oras'. And this bill 11 asserts the whole three, w . . . and beautifully illustrates the whole three, by knocking each one on tho head with the other, and trampling each under foot in its turn. Sir, the bill does deny squatter (sovereignty, ! and it does intervene, and it eloos le and it does 1 ! isl-e upon slavery in Territories; and the proof of that, see the bill; and see it, astlio lawyers nay.crajitijinai i to say, here, and there, and everywhere. It is a bill of assumptions aud contradictions assuming what is un bounded, nnd contradiction what it assumes, und balancing evt ry aflirma - . tion oy a negation. ! . . .1. : ....... It IS a see-saw out noi me innoeeni Kco-e'iw which , . children play on a plank stuck througk i fence; but the up-and-down game i a fence; but the up-and-down game! I of no i tic laus, d Ia vci u t t he cx Dense ol 1 . .. i ......

I 1. ............ ii. ,.l l.rt. .-v in,, jit Inn lnif,,. bill, stuffed with monstrosities hobbled with contradiction., and Dadgercd with ft Dr0VlO i : . .. r.-.i a. u i uuio-jv j tt cause ior inu u .PK.lioii of b.lk. not onlv bv Conrress. .. . . w - . . but by the President, when carried to lnm lor his itmu'oval. lien. .Incltaon rejected one for that cause, aud it was the last night of tho last day of his last .1 .' ..I .. . . . I i i - administration, and a quarter before of niidnight. Congress had sent him a

p'-r- ":,,MJ7J,",1 "v. v,,,v!,)al0no to settle the question of ikw j n d to the nacrihco ot nil business in . lhemsclvca. bClltf it? 'j I 'l- , . ,ls nn "I'hibolog.ra , j ja au Q lic acl

'"WtVJf-Mj0

bill to rep-sal tlie specie circular, and to inaugurate thj paper money of a thousand local banks us the currency cf the Federal Covernment. It was an object not to b'i avowed, nor to be done in any direct or palpable m tuner. Paraphrase 9, circumlocution, ambidexUsri-. tery, and ambiguity, were necessary to cover the desigu; and it was piled on until it was unintelligible. The President read it, and could mako nothing of it; be sent to hij Attorney-General, who vascqually puizled.. He then roturjed it, with a message to the Sena!, refusing to sign the bill for ampli;bology. V e should reject this bi"; ( ." the samo cause, if for nodiing c' Tirdi the fite of party fealty. It Ua u iecp, tip with thu OVeu'-tkan-ging measure, lüften have these bills changed; and under every phruso they had tobe received as a test of orthodoxy; and have more changes to underdo yet; and to continue to be a test under all mutations. And, now, what is tho object of this movement, which so disturbs Congress and the country? "What does it propose to accomplish? To settle a prinLciple, is the answer the principle of non intervention, and the right ct tho people of tho Territory to decide to the question of slavery for themselves. Sir, there is no such principle. The Territories aro the children of the States. They are minors juuder age, and it is the business of the States, through their delegations in Congress, to take care of them until they arc of age until they are ripe for State Government; then to give them that government, and adn.it them '.o au equality with their fathers. That is law, and has been so admitted t-ince the first Ordinance, in 1784. The States in Congress aro tho guardians of the Terntaries, and are bound to exercise that guardianship, and cannot abdicate it without a breach of trust and a dereliction of duty. Why, sir, the territory itself is the property of the States, and they do with it what th. y please cut it up by lints, as they please; se ll or give it away, as they please; chase white people from it, as they please. This has been always the case. There is a proclamation now extant of the old Congress of the Confederation, describing tho first settlers in the Northwest Territory as "disorderly persons," and ordering them to be driven off by the military. 1 rememner many sucn ... m a military expulsion, in the early settlementof tnn Western country, often executed with seventy; burning houses, cutting up corn, destroying tences.nna anvtrigotr m people at the point of the bayonet, and under -3G, and after tho extinction of ths ituou Ol

. . .... , v. p - dm-on that froiu.er, the r.ow Senator Ul vongs, winy a,wUv. io ei the people fom that purchase; orders organäed territory lias ocn so treated by live Federal Governm ent, and wof? tho p-.ople driven ol, and their U. ...... j nrnv lin hmni,ni, in ...... , i . .i b"v" ' - , rv Arkansas, in 10-?, wnen utihc mousund square miles of her organized territory was given to the Clierokees, and the people driven away. Why sir. this very lino of 3U, deg. 30 min., with all the terr tory on one side of i; and two dcLrrees on the other ide, were given away to the King of Spain. This has been the seventy years prc-' ti.-f of the Government to treat tlie Territories aa property, and the people as uninvited guests, to be entertained, of turned out as the owmir of the house chooses. P ine sovereigns, these: cnascu on oy iu iium.uj, ou a a a i: a a a. ... i a u,t i their homes given to Indians or ."pan iard. .... . Ihu wuoic idea ot uns so e.e.nj .1 a novelty, scouted from Congress when it first appeared in the Senaa-, eont. dieted by the Constitution, n i tue whole action ol the uovernment. in a n times; and contraaicoa by tne , u, u 111 11 visions of I .he bill area UuU s.jua u pon sovereignty. It gius t .the V ope, instead of receiving from then y an itseii, wnici i? te. ee. ... a..- r.w ot-irun i- m-.t. And WfHU ail 'l t,! ' act! One in which they uro . i ; . .. .... .i .-. i I rvi.rv llttrinULU OI SOVCClKUl) . lwnivu 1 ...... r ..: ... j-j , , -t . v ai Aitrinnc ' iihiiii-ii ii ri uuui 0f Votin";elcnicJ choice of their own denied tho right o hxmg the naufii'ntii.iw of voters: subjected to a u umiiu wmiv" ' m j f'P1!:(m BUnervision; and controllable U, 7r the Federal Government, which A I I...... ma huttfl IH P IT l'r I II IIV r ----- incy uuvu nv .i.. -ww---at . . . . 1 ... a a ..... - a r l i. . rdlowcd to admit, nnd not to reject slavery. Then sovereignty only extends to the subject of slavery, and i or.lv to one side of that the admitting 1 . . . . . i f t . i. . i.. :.. .. ' ;Je. the oliK.r half of the power being jlja lQ be dcnU;d by the Constitution which is extended over them, and which (according to the leading of tho supporters of this bili) forbids any law to be made which will prevent any n.a from 'join ' there with his 1 .XyQ This is squatter sovereignty non intervention, und no power to legislate

anui.iu ii.i0tu i.ie i uue couutij, in.,t therv; an-j California settl Missouri similar orders were given t,J ; hcroclf.

which he execuiea in go.ng a;oue, (U,c..;o:i w.., S(.Mit. ,1.,,,,. .wilf.r.. ,

cxplnniDg his business, and requiring mcreiy hy Uw but bv f;.c Thc wcrk them to go away; whien they end, l.o : ,r.l4 doc aad t:ere -vaj no w., v l(j good and ordely peop e; an J when ; t .lt lhe quwtion but i uuJ. ,liC was gone, came buck like sensible And wulk. 10 s , u. Cvn.,s tl Jauhe industrious people; and scared their (jUrs.iou in for thv ,nil ' of &tsn pre-emptions. Not only settled but if ont ., i, i. ,i. .,... ,

intervention, und 110 jovi 10 ittni.uv . . . . - - , .1. . 1 ....... t,ii ,t,:. ing more or losi of alinosteverv slave "oriiinnes unon frlaverv. Aud this!.," . A. .

V Hncirde-lhc 'principle of . . .. 4 ,..-.. .i. t . nnn.iiitervenilOIl letUULT me lieuui v J . -. - iTi " "i! ..7, ,..7 hüi. ? hey make a Constitution for 1 -, i , i , otato UQVcrnmem. au iuv te. ; . . . . . . : i . ...in.,1. ...ii it, mi run.' 1 legl-lation, Which t 11 etiles nothing, and ; produses contention at every election, ; Kir Mininiin r.on-interveiitiun L'll, IUII ilHIV'l'. ..... - - is but tho pnuciple of contention a bone given to tho people to quarrel an3 fight over at every ilcc tion,and at every

12

ST

it 1851. eiwBwin.' aajjEVvrawa ai rwrjm meeting of their Legislature, until they become a State Government. Then, and then only, c:in they 'etile the question. For ueviinty years since the yenr 1781, when the organizing mind cf Jefferson drew tlie Lrst territorial Ordinance wo had a uniform method of providing for the government of Territories, nil founded upon the clan.se in the Constitution whL:h authorizes Congress to di:po:;c of, and nnkc rules and regulations rc?pcctiig, the territory nnd other property oV tlie 'United k."... tm . : i i antics. am iuouo oi L'ovei nmeui has cousisted of three . grades, arc founded in tho right of Congress to 'ovcrn them. First -rrade: a Cover nor aud judges, appointed by tlie United States, to adoptlaws from other States, to be in force until disapproved by Congre.NS. Second grade: a Territorial Legislature, when the. inhabitants shall amount to five thousand men above the age of 21, composed of a Council partly appointed by the United States, and allou.se of Repre sentatives elected bv the People, at the rate of one Representative for every five hundred voters, its legislation subject to the approval of Congress. Third grade: entrance on the Stat Government, in full equality with" the other States. This is the way these Territories have been governed for seventy years; and I am for adhering to it. And now, what is the excuse for all this disturbance of the country; this breaking up cf ancient compromises; arraying one half of the Union nguinst the other, and destroying tho temper and business of Congress? What is tho excuse for all this turmoil and mischief? We are told it h to keep the question of slavery out of Congress! To keep slavery out of Congress! Great Uoa! It was out of Con' Itwasoutof Congress! corn pletely, entirely, and forever out of Congress, unless Congress draped it in by breaking down the sacred laws which settled it. The question was settled, and done wun. mere was . I rrai not an inch square of territory in tho Union on which it could bo raised without a breach of compromise. The Ordinance of 178i) settled it in all the remaining pait of the Northwest Territory beyond Wisconsin; the Compromise line of 36 deg. 30 min. settled it iu ull tho country north and . . c t : .1 i i I ewwvw-aa a tliv w twIJil 114 west oi .uiiioun in uti'm i : ..nfi ,ln ... iir,:v r., n;,w. i or anfc act of 0rcgon, made by the ,)COpl(?f anJ s.mc,loilcd by Congress, 8Cltled it in all that region; the act for iu, ,,IVeinment of tin.h nnd Now Mexico beUled it ia tuosti two Terrttc lies. the impact with Tex is, doiernum'ocr ol i e oi'ttes ,-. ,,, lArm.'r rnf ,U' !,-. ,t., ot!.,,l va.v va Vil i U IUI,, OVUIVU d it for ,ov, wcero wastnoie an mcns.iuare u :rri:ory hln the Uril( (1 ; on . . , .,, ,,....,,.. fl)11i Vv, ;;0 where! Not r.uan me h! T! -ich llCrt :t out Wh.lt -Uvantago do the blave nies t cxpccl fr0IU tIlj . b!lp Certainly they i . ... .1. ... 1 eiueci me cxu-nnon 01 MlVt notrer, and slave p ipulation. ihat may proe a fallacious expectation. The question of shivery in tlicc Tenifoi ios.if thrown open to 'erritorial action, will be a question of numbers- a question of the majority for or iig;;invt $Uvtry: 1 . .... - crs ,,aVÜ m sucb at &i . bc ,u and wna; chance would the tuaveliohia contest? Nochancn ive emigrants wil be outnumbered, and compelled to plat' Rl a most unc,1Uil game, no: t p0jntof numbers, but also in ouly in in iir.inf. rkf . hiakKi, The slaveholder .taLcs his j property; and has to run it olT, or !o.e ,t ü outvoted at the polls. I see, nothing which slaveholders are to gain under this bill, nothin but ntiuucuial 1 anJ vexatious contest, in which they na, t0 bt; i0sen. . denr..ftt fcU,. un. ,, . . ... ; - ; ... . . (nsfill. ' " vwiiJiiwiivivi "ilal ! WU not a membur of lhe v,.n,:0,, v,, wa, ft rhof iM-f,mft:,r (M cra,ucipal0 ,lave, wilhou lllc of , promotc, that clause fur the sake of peace-for the eake of keeping the slavery ouesi . ... 1 1 l -. ; lliu ciuu oi a.ee()iiig me aiuvcry que ', uon ouiot oureieeuons nnu le'Msiauon . . . . for tho sake of preventing perpetual ; or . . I itriio umonr i ue peonte. v uai x uku . ' f . I . . Uli... I I ! .1 i imu.ui iiiii Ii ii tniiü an tm.in fi . . r- i r , u: ' ' ' . l ' " : ' . 1" ... r Wim i ii iiill: liiil: w.iy in Liir ui rr lv , aUII ri II ' I II 11. I IKIL II IIIIH'M II lll.'M 111 I : ewaiv i - - --.w.... . . " .

lie

w ,v tyii u vmihUi, l, 1

and cannot be opened without a breach , Le gislature lound it. With ih ex-1 hcr aaciaments no one Cuiity of practiof faith, and the destruction of thepcaec; ception of the fourteenth section und : ccs which she condemns. Why should

Ot the country. &ir, the question has been deeided. Tho free Slates are against this bill. and it is an ill return for their past generous conduct to endeavor to force it upon them. They have not only lust, but magnanimous, to the slave States. What was the condition of the slave Stales thirty years ago, in relation to the use of the soil within their limits? Debaried of a great part of its use an Indian population cover i tatu, and preven n;g ii.oiex1.ansion o us population. v niu is it now; -vu populat relieved. The Indians all i'nnc. tlu ir I linfj nil rirriiiiTht limlur llu. .Inmini.tn . I . 1 f tin. vvliiti' m:in nnd llw muj nf liivc ppuUittO" and of rdavo cultivaa ll J1 "t ui ii vimi u vi n iuui ill vi iv oimi ill oe'uiv e, ...... it .i.:. States. How whs this clono? , ui tiivui,. mn um iu Certainly by tho help of five State j votes, (lor it could not have been done witiioui mem I Lyme help oi their . . f . vnlt h in itriirm in the appiopiiitions.

and ratifying the treaties which j)nciy nnd--W , . cl1 ,n than removal of the Indians requiredfrman(irj. ' 13'd wherever de-)

. r . oun cot ner nno soaun

jwh .. i rJBsrmr.

relieved bv iL. Vt 1' la u c co u n try ; se vc-'n ita the State! m.l vofei gave us that by ahn u..f the . CoinjiTornise line to iacluJv ', i-w-J iict'.ji-lly converting tluit lire ri.',,,i.jQ-om frcs foil to slave toil. oi lLuiÄ votes tillered above iiii hundred nU --M' t';c Cocrpromiso Hue i'or our ixnciM upon vur req'.i'-st; and I w i ! 1 n e v (. r I . . x . . ra Tod to the m fo r it, nor vequ.'u-f.v ty a breach of thclinc to ihcirprc.i:-!-." Ana i f kw M i wo obtain the Northern votes whicirto ueccissarry for all v the -tippropriatieiis ' T nil thyse Indian reino-i'lhat.'Ml'.eralkd-l of the .i.i ; inest liit'i; and tiealit.1 vaL, and Cotr.juoii i,-. ; bt!."lUlilul . ' these volcb nv lint. which gave us the ronn'.ry? Did 'we get tK-k iira-AdUiiuui against inc.- iiwibi o! no: we No! no! we -'ot them by appealing to the justice and tho fraternal feelifigs of our Northern brethren, and to which we never uppealed in vain. And 1, who was part of all these transactions, , accustomed to solicit Northern votes und to mum thanks for them, will not now rettun thtni evil for good, by u;tempting to deprhe them ,of their bhare ol a Compromise which we imposed upon them. It is now four-mouths bince .this movement for tlie abrogation of the Missouri Compromise commenced in this Congress. It began without a memorial, without a petition, without !t request, from a human being. It has labored long and hard in these Halls, and to this hour there is not a petition lor it from th class of Slates for whose benefit tho movement professes to hava been made! not a word in its favor from the malle&t public meeting or piivatu assemblage of any slave State. This is the response of the South to this boon tendered to it bv Northern members under a Northern President. ! It is the resuouse ol" bilencc more j emphatic than words, and worthy of ! especial uolc in tliU debate. It argues well for the harmouv of the Union, and goes to show (what in fact has been often seen) that the trouble of the country come from uneaAy pohlicians its safety from the tranquil masses. , THU E20UGH E0AD. Oarreuucia w - - the railroad from ferre lliutte to St. ! Louis, known as Drouh's Pioad and j so important as a western continuation our Valley Ko id. In- at length :of bt en relic' t i of the embarrassments t! at have ihreateiu-d its progress. iüe 1CV. 1Q . e i in. opinion of the Su- ; prune Court -t HI. iu reference to the ' .i OriMON or nn:Svri;L.i2 Covkt or Illinois. The Pcvp!o, OiC, i. i l. El liiJ 'y ... 4 .... ,. . . . . 1 tMUV. t. lii" iUll-isiumii ailU VI- 1 v in.. ....... 'i... 1 ..... ....... .1 t.

Ianlio 17 :iht.;id Company. Appeal ! entire iy vj.-tuahd from this ijlace . . .1 1 r "1 Til. . . . .

not:: v.i.:ric. vo uu-u 0: t;ie Lour . by Tit k at. Chief Jut.ice. It hecoiMijs r..-cessaiy to deltrnjine j 'whether the defendant bad authority i tocons'.ruet the road iu ov.estion, bv 1 virtue 0! piovido the proviso.. ot'the "actio ior n ge ncral Ktsit'in ol lk.ail-I r t road incorporations. 1-, ven if it yo-1 . . .... ... .-csed 10 ...lr-h smih.irhv nJor thrtt law, ample power has be by Mibseottant leg slation. j-ne.i U The "Act rtcogr.iing and atuluruing the conslruc'.ion of Hip Mississippi and Athuitic Kaiiroul," iqq loved tho 'Z'M of Febiui'ry, 1115, not only dt.cl.m-s the defendant "lobe a valid and subsisting corporation," but urreotly invests ' jt with power to construct thu road. ; This Hct ltinove-s all diticnltv in tho 'care. If the Company had not originally to ron.-truct the ; Legislature hu expressiv Legislature has cxnrc?!y conferred j it. If there were de.ects in its crgsrnization, they are elearlv cured by this . . . I net. it the Company hal loileited it. ! franchises, the fc:tat has waived the forfeiture. The Cottit has now no , w Joclare R forfeiture for any to the passage of ! cause existing rrior i I ! this act, as the Senat i; alone may in- ! uron our waive lor.vfutv. It , mnrifc.sl! lho duty of the Court to ; ; hIH. t jl.e 3ud;,nnrnt entered below, ! and thus hvtve - he Company to pros-. i ? lf CH 10 completion. ' V JS'nt must be afarmerd. LET THSSS US SO MISTAKE. The action of the Legislatur which , .,M Q- ,h ...'..i ...... .. , . . .. i l-' w i mtrt i n ;i i' i vv n rnii.i'.vn i:i i i,, . " km. " .a ,Z . I imituvidtui t aviii. iiil liiu i:iw iiii J"" 'n" . 'J S.: ' Z V ' : Hill I111.U. I 11C 1.1IY I I rillllll 1 MIM. H I UK I a a . . . - , iv , us corxiadves, the machinery of whlcU lul 11,0 principe; tlie btiprtnio Com I P'ouounced unconstitutional, all its proxMons are left. It is, to all intents nttl purposes, a prohibitory act. The sertions which provide for imprisoimvnt on the third conviction, should o and probably will be vigorously forced. Let this be done in pans o the Commonwealth; tit th, same tue let if Ih- everywhere dw- . . - I . ..1.. ..I.-.. 1 .u . .1 , . i einen uiui-i sieieui 111 hi tue iHW.'liusii and willbe emended, and that for this purpose neims will be taken to elect f men ' Irtturc. in favor proh6iticn.-Äo;t L.c Boot. of -, i -X' i whiky loatiufacturers' inert-j ing wah'l in Cincinnati on Tu-sday j last. Ungate from tweiuy three tst;ib!ishnts in Ohio, Indiana nnd Kcutuck were in attvfldance, but the object o the convention is not Mated. . Kowuvti, h frV.v- sa s the twenty .;rt'!jUlhl,u',U;) manufacture up-1 i ...VtJii million gallons peri -

VOL. XXII. XO. 2JL

tLATj; FORKIGX XLWS. naval YicTcmra taz ritnc! I'ai tMrcof ihr i fist Uusiian I'rii-! Tlie LonJi n llitua oi the 17th pub-, li.shcd the fn'.lcwing telegram iv.;r. its Coprnhagt-u craspf ndtnttand t?u , i ifoinatijn cached tuucL irxitemcntf 'jT.r British ffiwte- Tf jJtit Jj These ships had been for fume limo under turt eillitnci?. -They were Ltdert with suhdiur, lead, and oilier contra- ! band of war were la;t at Lultee, and were on there way to a Rutf-ia:i port ' in tlie Gulph of Fiulaf.d. . . ri pier lket rauUr 37 sail, carry- , njr tout; guns nnd over lü.coo nun. It was runwJte 1 that' three 1 reueh Mi ip s of w a r w o did by :w t r h .1 r a w n Ti ü.'ü . the Ttlack Sea to re-enforce Uie Ea.Uic1 fleet. . . On the 12ih the French squadron under Admiral Parseval Dechtne$ sailed from Prest to join the fleet in the Baltic under Napier Letters from Stockholm of the 6 th confirm the statement that the KusHans had dismaniltd all the fortifications oh the islands of Aland and had retired with guns and stores to the main land The Czar had further order . ed that all pilots end men c.ipablw of bearing arms should remove from the islands to the main land of Finland, and al.o to remove or burn all thips and boats. This system of defence is to W pursued all along the bhures of the Bahio and Black Sea. TUE DLAclTtiCAaLOCKAUE OF ODESSA. Vausa, April I. The fleets have left in the direction of Sevastopol. ; CoNSTANTISOl'llC, April Ctll. The whole fleet is now in the ttlack Sea. The above aro :he only authentic announcements received of the movements of the fleets, but our information has tke i out by private dispatches. It was rumored that the bulk of the ilcet had gone to Odessa. Corrc6I pondence from the latter port says, of tiaie i si: j 'I We are here in a state of great j excitement. For several days past we I have seen many French and English j sails. They probably intend blockading us, far ihrv dWt h-m- the cpot. II, III k. ii I T Q'll il.-u . a. 1. . nw.r. ha . . Uesof troops are beicf concentrated here. Our garrison here is at this Ltaent twenty thousand strong, and i rriv CNtiy day from Descftiauta. ur nil ints. ii iui:e ciinr that our n!ace is not yum ' to Le evnp. 1 uutcd, but tlefe-nJcd. We have made up our minds here for the worst, aud several families have already retired ;inhuid. The forts are all arnd. and tents sre puencd lor tin: troops on tho I.ohu, um wur traue is at ifc.n end, and prices are ruinously high. 1 1 ho haighsh Consul-General wk still ! htl i j htro uj to yesterday (31ct. The RusMtii troops iu the Dobrodj i must be '.ii.... .1 it 1 i ! til llOUpS iu me ijoorouj'i must PC 'tireiy yi.;!uahd from this plac .'nee its impoitanco in this war." it'. H1SIIHI7 FEEÜITtrTS. T,le Jilt-'st Vork pspers briii'. 'u-i "ccouut? of the damage done by 5r- lllC vicinity of New York, " v'"i 11 1 n iin T Ri.ilroads and on the Cor.-,"-v-ul Uk waj o.L.liant w Ft bridges were ! Mvtl 1 ay;in a large number of phirts tue ti.u-ks were injured. The iresjict m iruton rmcr was a great damage to Uk; dnm, Lorn which New Vork city is supplied with- water, but not such as to impair its capacity for tlu city's purposes. On Conuelicui liner the wilier los 19 inches above inches the great flood of 1801 , and 'J3 above that of 1 843. It carried oway buildings, bridges and other properly; uprooted tins ami threw down fences

. . . to the amount of -61,000 to 81 5,000. the right i 2fOMr oienville and at Newark the roan, tne.i . ...r:...,,.,. ... vin nnn T ,i.,.

!..;;.,,, vlW .; -'' .i' f dQn -n J..r,cv the elamage was not as tevere as in Conneeticut, but at Patterson and o'.her plurcs it was quite heavy. e - - - PorraY ad ilavxht. T!ie Shepherd of the Valley, the Aus-tro-Jcbuit oraa of St. Loais, thu backs far , Ul)Ut;on ,f fa, , , r up jouu Mttciicir I er re in anpiration Mr. Mitchell has been attacked whrra (ho ninvtilnersblo; we wiah to GoJ that I all hi opponent had hia harJy honeity in little things. Mr. Mitchell doc not . condemn .egro slsvery. Mr. Mitchell . demn It; lor you ud 1 nuy hold a dred nerro ihm. f f.r m i i ia r.giii, ncitner ooe ine wnurcti couhun- - i a w.ih with Mr Mitchell, I had thero) and ro to . . . ' .v - comraunlun tomorrow without freein . - . . r .L . . . . .1 .P a a . v rirti nr iniT n )!-. rif t hrtm nn4 f V, a rU....e. ..!!...- a i.athohc Journaliat in the north cry Beasaiost Jlr. JSlitchell for thia! causa slavery is unpopular ia the north. it in nttl i air. iT The National Era gives the following illustration of the exorbitant cy of tho postage rates proposed bv Dr. Olds: i J f a Ulllt Illl a 11LJ ITI'l k IV I r a flint Wo C jn .1 fll1 HMV1.. T7 t0 Phdadelphia, or 10,400 copies ..ii- V.,, .u ...t . .n..-.v um euuserioeia pay fc300, which covers the cost of the white paper, of the head work on ; of cIerk f)ir and of . ß iM,,lhc mhhh or Jl thfiSP outlays, receives only 8300, the Gorcrnraent, for merely carrying, weekly, 200 papers, ( which a manmight take under his nrm.) from Washington to Philadelphia, is to receive, under the rate proposed by Dr. Olds, 8lo-a year! Wcro we to send 10 400copic of the Era to Philade Inhia.Tvs frebbf. it would cost us about two dollars and a half; sending them by mail, at the rates proposed by Dr. Olds, tho char n them will be moro than one hun -"iiarai