Indiana American, Volume 20, Number 24, Brookville, Franklin County, 4 June 1852 — Page 1
AM
"ncirr .lUdJ.:
60S OOfTET-CE ColTITItY'S mE8STS-AD OTtt COWTHTS FRIZKDS.
by
Cm r. CLARtfSON.
OOt BO' S W P JRKB, Haas o5 SeprewenVaUYc? asrkjof thsJMiUeininirom Georgia, Ja,) is reference to bct, likemy cordial aojurobitlMl. -I p"prtaciplelnwlwd in the original ntleman from Tenneesee. (Mr.
s
DROOKVILLB, FRANKLIN CO. INDIANA, FRIDAY, JUNE 4, 1853,
VOL-XX. NO. 2 4.
jttftheswhafltBW which has beea the gestieman from JJIwislippi, (Mr. V 3ati tiiuk then both very defective fw g gaaJ settlement of the laud queetherein I ooncar will, the gentle-
Georgiat m w&ai n m yeteruoy ...... .
aibieet. I Una tue time saa come,
tt has all begone by the tndomita'We energy of the pioneer his privations his peril, net onlv
m I
irora savage men, but froo disease and, death, so common In all new countries. It has been done by the hard labor of the deecendaats of thoeeaao, with whose sweat that of the speculator never mingled. I do not complain of the speculator fof this; but I do complain of the
oovarnment that first speculates upon the pioneer itself and then encourages him to do it. Neither his hand nor his purse have aided in clearing any of onr fields, building up any of our towns and cities, making any of ourturnpikes, Canals, or railroads. Yet he reaps a full share of
tne harvest with those who haw "borne the bur-.
sen and heat of the day." I flatter myself that every gentleman here will agree with me that this system of speculation ought to be brekea up. Surely, every friend of the new States, and of yielding to privation and toil their just reward , will help to
.nrm when it is rising, though it were i " . "u vu "arm? conceive ot anyJ Tirana "J", hand." Theit,rgLD,0reVe"ti0U,'lhanthist0 ' P-H
nave constantly before their eyes the iniquitious workings of this system. By the side of their planU'ions they find large tracts of land
7-k.. b, a temneet. And so , ,r0m t,,Ue worked their
utter should be brought to a settle-
3 BBal settlement upon some new basts. '.j,w motterings or a rising storm from 'jf ihe country, iu relation to these i.. .! it is the Dart of a wise man to
, .
M tenter than
ly i!or does, however long and unruffled been hit voyage. lie passes out upon in him canvas- jinii nr
n.mirn, r-
.-J .r. , wilrWm... .1..! .. .
If we Uke time by the forelock, 1 : ' . , I""- nurses
ri n xniuatniRnt for th final
t in ;u.!,6""y-f: " o " will remain
until
S"-"1 our " T J , 1 " ,, 1 e disUnt owner-whose face was never seen , iiursv that sha l give satisfaction to the , . ., . was never n 9"- , ,. r. r i there sh.ill please to se t; or, more Droh.m tndhea done, relieve Congress from f ,. ur' ,I,Dre ProDiC5',n9W 6 ably until it is disposed of by his heirs or execuir tumble annually recurring. tore "rsorexecu -Mr Chairman, there has been no other J Tl. , ,, . . j,.r.i.u This should not be so. Discontent and bad which we have had so constantly be- f pnni1, ' nd bad
5,-, eVM, and vet which has been so fr re-I. I"6, .1. J nr. 'J"1 - .1 knowledge that the svstem i trmn. Tk-
" - " a u? taiiu ought to be sold to actual settlers, and to no others. To them, then I provide that these sales shall ( mailn sit Intdnta .. .
.,.l.,.,tvcul, per, acre, because
f-afromthe right ktud of legislation as it cis me, if we abandon the system of sales fish has hitherto worked so well, as I am sure
his the disjosition of the public lands.
rirt toe nds SOTOluieiv iu uie u?rc , . r ... ... K u .1 that is deemed fully adeauate. as a em,
ion ol I ... r. " " ' 1 0 the (jovernnipnf f.ir nr,n:i 1
u.dWM the States, in turn.or alto- ... , " . t'"-e)Survey,
UIW f tv" o
And oh.' how kindly smiles on mo
Eaoh one .that's gutharM here'."
There, sir, you will find tho iirit of InoV
pendeneo tlwt correopondg with tho ftellngg of
encan nearts, Md with that of thbse hearU which ore coming to us from foreign Janda because they love our country better than hey love their own. The next main feature la my proposition Is this and I wish to attract the articular attention of tho House to it that such of these lands as shall have remained suDject t private entry, at twenty five cents per acre, for a term of five years, shall vest in the States, respectively,! where they are situated for particular purposes. Now, one great end that will be subserved by this, will be to rid the General Government of a great deal of trouble in the management of these lands. The States will do it much more economically and better than the General Government can. And when it is done, and the lands shall have been sold at such reasonable price as the States may think oroDer to
then a particular disposition is to be made of the proceeds.
chase made of Mexico. In all these acquisitions l' Sir, I hold in my hand an attract from a letter
it wan the sovereignty extended empire not j written by a, clergyman, a missionary la the
uieianottnat our hearts were set upon. The gold and silver of California, and Utah, and
N-sw Mexico, were not thought of when the territory beoamo ourr. The tide of emigration was pushing forward, aad difficulties were an
ticipated, if we did not avail ourselves of extended domain, harbors on the Pacific, mia room, and a larger outlet upon the West. It was for
that reaBon,and not that we might get the rr.oa-
Sonth-west which may be found In the National
Intelligencer, of?iay.S7, 1351- Thejwrlter
says: "Please sajsto the Abolitionists of the North, and those who advise the fugitive slaves to resist, that in tho opirion of one, whij bm been a missionary for more than fifteen years in the State of Mississippi, one half of rny time being
I devoted to the instruction of the colored people,
ey to put into the Treasury, that these millions j they are doing more to perpetuate 6kvery, and were also paid. I say nothing of the blood more tlamaee to the slaves of the South, than
that was shed in this last acquisition. That is aU the world beside; and that 1 do egard them a by-gone Let it re&L The American peo- j as the worst enemies the slave has upon the pie have acquiesced in it all. So there ought , earth. Will they think of this?"
vj oe no trouble with the gentlemen from tho Well, sir, what else have wet The people of
01a oiates upon this ground. my State have just been making a new consti-
ti was not, men, simply to buy the lands ; tution, and by a minority or some ninety
. - T J WMJ 1IVI .! Mil pur to acquire sovereignty, that fo msnv mil
lions were paid. Take that ont. and how much
no your lanus cost? My coIleauff. "Mr. Hen-
thousand, have declared that no foreign black
man shall ever again set his foot upon ths soil
dricks, on yesterday, based his calculations of 'niiana, and that tho scheme of colonization the cost of the lands, reckoning these payment , is their remedy for the evil of our existing Mack
v.v. in i.t vi 1 tiuai. 1 ) 11 11 tv, a iuirtinf 1
1 lile IF lie rvittltlATi rvitti n . 1 1 -
1 . ' . wu luutii, mwi even
ine oest in the world. We brim it Hir.ti ... Tf" ,r'Bnus ournortnea
homeloth,.. . . '?Iulen"Ibtates,aiidthe sou
- .u.nnieu m 1 nave equal right with us of the
impuiauon upon lUeir lands, for o- n tneseiands. Rieht. however, i.
pening them up to cultivation, or in holdine on'?d meril 's antber to them for their own good.and, as a conse-lS rowlh; auence. for th
ptiff-iurt itated tlie whole country for matvyw If w adopt a new policy, it should leiiitioa! policy; one which shall not disposes the States altogether, of what they may sks their interest in the lauds, nor one which
at the expense of another
bitwise it will not he meeting out equity isttali it will surely leave thes; difiicuhies
IWt! la my hand the outlines of a plan raci I design presenting before this bill is finr:isposel of, if I ever get the opportunity of ssjsoin parliamentary form. I will read it to atwitaittee, and then offer a few brief resi.ii 1p0Q it, which will consume the little al have yet left. Should a proper time arnv, I shall move I t refer the whole subject to a Pdctcoaaiiltee, with iastructions to bring in a
a'J ai-a the basis of these propositions. I hnve iessinch refisctioa upon the subject, and Itncoac-ive of nothing which will work bette.tiidMtwcouduce to the general welfare, JJufissja. It covers esseutiully, as I have 'i,tVBiiing principle contained in the hill l.tMdre us; and while, I trust, it will give si-fictian to the old Stat-s, it gives us, of the kv, il we shoalj as'i as Western raen . It is as I.That hereafter the sihs of th public lands
t'tae United States, when marie for cash, shall a!j be to such persons as will make oath that
iff purchase for ar-tuat s?tt!enieut;adj sales so
aitsha'I be at the rate oftwenty-rive cents per w.ioJ no more. And patents shall issue on h &Jes s 1 soon as there sluil have beea five rw'i continuous uccupatioa by the purchaser.
!mn,oraJs:gas.
S That all the public Ian Is now in market, if Maid withia five years.sliall vest in the States wtirely where they are situ ate,! and all lands Wt brought intj market if not sold withiu
Vfarj thereafter, shall in like manner vest; niil!l so vesting shall be sold by the propRat(, withia reasonable tiin, for such reaibl sum per acre, as to the State may seem tit And the nett proceeds of all such 1 stationed s ilea shall be appropriated as fol- ' One third thereof to the Ftate nuikiug Mf, fort perpetual common school fund; fed to be talably apportioned among the tt$ut aad the Disrcl of Columbia, in pro -"'ot'ae representation of each State in r,and r-jprdiug the District as entitled K?reeatative fjr a like purpose, and the "'Mg third to the American Colonization MUorthe colouizatini ofthe free blacks of LSsSutes,with their own consent, in the Kt?Ac! Liberia." K see, it provides that lauds shall be rii General Government to none except ao ihall make oath that they intend to "lil settlers. That is right. Every P'JWM who comes from the West has en tyvti the effect of the manner in wh ich I lanJs hiVe been taken up by specula- ' Wl in c'"pany with a gentleman dulast year, iu my ,wn State, who had 'westments in these lands simply for specC; lIa was fr0 the State of Connecticut, m Ulal "8 was then on a sho't visit to j"!8 10 s ,andj bad entered there some vm's ago, of which he assured me he bad ts-s!3. aud sixt-v aeres near the Capital of Kv "!,!?pMab,'adjacttotheplat or the - Hetit tie," said he, "for soire fifteen
'an tiien trm . , . '
:ls .l lumaivc Bime arrange- anove, your tire hundred dollar measure. It
iky miy ttt.paduation of price.distributio
ana patent to the purchaser. In this I am fullv
sustained by the figures of my colleague, (.Mr . Hendricks,) as presented yesterday. That sum is enough, and it is little enough for any man who has spirit enough to erect a W cabin unon
. his land, or clear a fil.t .n ,,i 1.:-,n
;taiid nP oae interest, oaesectmn of the , "-'
This will .. , 'T 's-jun,oriu ior
"ic "uuareu and sixty-acre tract. Mr. Chairman. I have not the face to stand up here and ask any gentleman on this floor to tax his people to buy farms for a portion of mine. No sir; my people are not very rich, but, thauk God, they are independent. They can, and will take care of their own poor. I din not come here to ask alms. I got my instructions very clearly on that point, before I came. But I am here to ask for justice. To ask this Government not to make herself a professional landjober speculatiug upon her own citizens. Nor
to allow herself to be used by others for a like purpose. I have no agrarianism in my composition, sir. I abhor it. Where the settler has acquired and hewed out his homestead in the wilderness, I would secure it to his family safely, against improvidence or misfortune. But let him be a freeman still; and if he desire to change or sell his home, I will not take from him the power to Co sj. When the pioneer has thus paid for the laud as much as it cost the Government, aud most probably as much as it is really worth, he will feel that he is not a meudicant, dependent upon the bounty of the Government, aud can,
like an honest, true-hearted man, enter upon his laud, make himself a farm, and not make his children ashamed of their father. There is one
great objection 1 have to the bill of my friend
here, ( Mr. Johnson.) He asks every man, before he can entitle himself to a farm, to swear
that he is a peor man. - Sir, honest poverty disgraces uobody. But had I my health, and
could keep my family from absolute suffering
wunout it, 1 would not take that oath , if I were
not worth the shirt I wear. No, sir; and it seems to me that no man of spirit enoufih to be anything else than a menial, ever would, could he, as 1 said, avoid it, and prevent his wife and children from being turned out or doors. Where is the man that has an independent heart in his bosom, w ho will, for the mere purpose of having alms granted to him by the Government, go up and swear that he is so poor that he cannot well get along unless you and I help him. You find such a proposition iu this bill. U is wrong. It does not correspond with the reelings of American hearts, or with the feelings of those true' hearts that are flocking to our shores from for. ! eign lauds, because they lore our country better than they love the country of their fathers. For, if the foreigner come thus and be notsentliere as a felou or a helpless pauper from whatever land the love of liberty bring him, and whatever may be his religion if he but declare his intention, in good faith, to become in heart one of us I would hail him as a brother, and as effectually open a way to a home for him, as I would to the native born. Mr. Chairman.lhe American people are accustomed to say, with swelling bosoms, "Thy spirit, Independence, let me share, Lord of the lion-heart and eagle-eye." And let me tell you, inasmuch as we are now fixing up if this bill pass in its present form a mode by which the charities of the Government are to be doled out to her citizens-that you wi
nnc quite as much of that royal spirit below, as
I.IOn Iia An n M.J. l.l.
Mr rh.irm., i , V ' uo 'uur lanas C08t twenty-two Mr. Unairman, what guarantee have we that cents per acre. '
the States will execute this trust judiciously?) Now Mr-Chairman, my proposition is this;
friends, those
them States,
western States
one thin?,
The question for us,
the true poiicy for the na-
auenr-e fnr th f ,u l 1 , . ;" you owe inese peep e much, w 10 auence.ror the good of the whole, for what is have driven back the savage hordes upon the tor the good of a part in this behalf, is for the ! frontier. You owe them much for peopling, good of the whole. The imperium in imperio ?PenluS UP and improving a great wilderness being thus ended, all occasion for jealousies and ' ke7th" iMivs !ntf- T"' i'V haVe U" hwri knmin.. . , i KeM ltinr "ves in their hands, and have cone heart-burnings, growing out of the manage- out with their wives and their little ones, and mentof the lauds, will also end. But my time hwed out an empire tor you. And I kuow does not allow me to elaborate any of these "iy urolhern r the old Stales too well to suppropositiou. as I would. . J"1 lhVf Mn lork ?Pa lhem, WUh J' . , . . , PT eye. Many of these people are New btalea having thus sold the lands, let me England born, the great mass or them are eminvite attention to the proposed disposition orthe iSrttUts or the sous or emigrants, from the old proceeds. , States. Can the mother forget her offspring? Mr. Chairman, we have yet many a long' 1 d not "reue the constitutional question league of unsold land. They are settling rapid- here because 1 tll,uk il is too well settledly. About 102,000,000 of acres are aready ,PetlIed bevond douo1 ' qu''"ocation. We may sold, and yet we have some 1,400 000 000 un- .eVen gh'e 8W"y lands' if we t,,ink il exdisposedof. But is our country to endure n Pediel to do so. We may "dispose" of them longer than our public lands continue? What " "y 7 mem b"'is to be the condition of things then? In what' '.l ? ''Z' 0"e"third f U,e pr attitude ought we to stand to these lands, view- fsof the ands wh.ch remaiu unsold, after
ing the generations that are to come after us? .. T 7 - w.i.cn may
be disposed of by the States in wh ich they are
situated, at such times and upon such terms as
Sir, did our fathers build up this Government
simply for their veneration, or for the then nr..- '1""' "BUC" ",nM ana
ent condition of things alone? Was it simply TT "J exPeulent' es t0 Stales that they might spend the little remnant of their them9e'Te9makin8 the sales. They have the days underarree Constitution, thattheyexPen- riTS y ' aU1 the accounting ded so much blood and so much treasure? Not the T"'' "d 1,16 CSt f doi"g U" But'
at all. They looked far, far away into the fu. na aD0 inai, tney l.ave the great merit ture. The motto of "Estoperpetue" was at -I g reSUed this region from savage
num,ng grounus; ot naving converted the tangled forests into fruitful fields; and then oi having constructed the railroads, the turnpikes, the canals, and built up the cities which have
perpetue
ways upon their lips. Why, here is a patrimony that has descended to us, much of it through our fathers; all of it.as it were.from God. What
Bhall we do with it. Shall we act as unwiselv
as did the man in the table, -kill the goose that piVen,t0 these lands nearly all the value, as lays the golden eggs"-that our generation, e "nd,?at1Jlhuey l' itntright.then, 0 thflt 1 1 1 a XT ohnlllil hnnA muni, P I. 1
-U H rag 1 . , I ' - ""-oui w ia n-ad I payment of taxes up- j not the worshipper or mammon, supple ror thrift m now UP11 a simi'" visit. ; and too care-worn to sleeo whn niht mm...
.1 . . . . r
and the generations that may exist while the
lands yet remain unappropriated, may enjoy all? I hope not. It is the part of the wise states-, man to lay up for after ages, as the wise aud ' provident father will let the patrimony he received, go aown to his posterity unimpaired. Provide for the citizen an easy mode or acquiring a farm, and yet keep him so unlettered that he caunot read or write his name, and will he thank you for it? Will he hold your memory in Bweet remembrance when you are gone? I know to whom I am talking. Many a gentleman has been told by his old father, in his young days, "My son, if I can but give you a good education, that is all i expect I can do for you, and then you can take care of yourself." Sir, enlightment and intelligence lays the foundation or our institutions. Some one has well
said, that "an American would resent his being deprived the use or his musket; yet you deprive him of a stronger safeguard if you deny him the intelligence necessary to a knowledge of his Constitution." If we would then have our iliil.lnan mnA nn H.kiUR'. nl.:Ll - A I. - 1
. , .. . ii . , . . , do not think it the true doctrine; il shall not t -u t iriinanhfin ,i . mnA ....II ,,o MambJ I I... '
have my sanction if it be nossib e to do better.
that they should have so much of the proceeds
as I have proposed for a perpetual common school fund? Another one-third is to be divided among the other States, in connexion with this District, in ratable proportion, for a similar purpose. I think there is no man who will look upon this matter as a statesman should look, for future advantage, as well as for present, but what will agree with me that this is really the wiser policy. Why, sir, cannot you and I lake care or ourselves about as well as our children will be nble to take care or themselves? Shall we absorb this great bounty or Heaven, this hertags from our Tattlers? Shall we build uo mon
uments for posterity ? Shall we have nothing of
this to those that are to come aft-r us? In a word, shall il only be said of us, consumers fruges? Let us rather smite the rock now, while we may, and open intellectual fountains that shall flow down the stream of time coeval Willi the Republic. 1 confess my spirit revolts at a policy here that does not look to the ruture. 1 canuot contemplate it with complacency. I
us look Again to this plan. I
It is, that when the lands have been five years in market, free to all settlers, at twenty- five cents per ere, let the residue vest in the States where they lie, and then let them be sold, and the proceeds disposed of in the form I have indicated one-third to the Slate making the sale for a perpetual common school fund; one-third, to be ratably apportione d amoug the other States, and the District of Columbia, iu proportion to the representation of each in Congress, and regard! ig the District as entitled to one representee; aod the remaining one-third to the American Colonization Society, for the return of the free blacks with their own consent, to the
home of their fathers, whence we stole them
my sanction if it be possible
Further, Mr. Chairman, aiy proposition con
templates that the remaining one third shall be
appropriated for the purpose of removing the
free blacks, with their own consent, from our country. What are we doing with these people? Let me make a suggestion to my friends of the northern States. We are very sensitive about
slavery as it exists iu the slave States, so called
Our hearts bleed because of tho thraldom in
which our poor black brother is kept. But let
us go to our own homes, go to our own States,
go into the streets of our cities, through the
lanes and highways, the filthy hovels, damp
cellers, and dirty sculleries of our own free land,
and we will find that poor, forlorn, outcast,
N. . . . . .1 uunu nvuui.UUiiiiaubuisiucviiiD Bill, curiam ow, Mr. Chairman, let me suggest another , . , r '
idea. Some of my northe rn friends here in Tact, I believe some from all the old States seem troubled with the idea or giving up these lands at a low price, to the western settler, because they have cost the country so much. 1'hey refer to what Louisiana and Florida have cost, aud they speak or ths ten millions giveu to Texas, and they speak orthe cost of our wars, and nil this sort of thing. Now, I put it to the gentlemen if this be not a wrong view of the case. Did the General Government
and in a deperate thraldom, that would freeze
our pure Christian blood, I fear, could we only
extract some of the moles from our eye. I ask
my Abolition and Free-Soil friends, what are we doing? where are the contributions we are
making for the emancipation of our slaves in the
tree Slates? If we have consciences that are
tender, and would thank God that ws are not
altogether as other men, but holier than they,
here is something to be done. None but crazy
people think of amalgamation. We will never
C-Trs have elapse,!, yet an axe has nsv
ObT my 1;lnd; "nd ugh I paid but the
n ! . a mi, r uiin .1,1 In tllim 111 niriTt l CP-
i- r.A iii: r- r i6,' ---5'"--1- - - -
B1VO IV & lUUbD llimu JIlllllUUB lui uuusaiia Bill,- ... 1 i .1 , , ,. . . , , , .. Hence equal privileges, citizenship for them ply for the purpose of buying her lands? Where: . , , " , r
is the statesman who can contend for that for
t-50.
price per acre, every acre is now worth
. who h
lav. like
a given such great value to these
'tadi
it is not the incumbent of official station, howev
er elevated, that can appropriate to himself that spirit or the lion and the eagle. No, sirjthey wbo suppose so, make an egregious mistake. If you wish to see that spirit fully developed, go amongst those men who have sought, and now seek, homes in the untamed wilderness, aud even with absolute want, a noble spirit of Indeiif nHnnf o Ar (" ....IT! : . 1 .. . .
'ndr' u . o ' 1 . .. . , .j . Kii-BuiuLiciiuj uiiuui arrvgaucc.
'v,,,w,erayMrtMto lh mat won Id deem it no particular compliment
&.iW "'"peculator entered those were the King to call them cousin. Enter the
j "mc uruivtru v ,-4. - a i n- t
'4tirifl . me 00la pioneer,
-ouu auu nis axe in the
a Dn1lUninB linnli.n
3'bT the side nfniir ;,:.,
Kfa bv th .v.,: , . ...
caor 8 ,arms 01 even the chil-
rIUj.:.t . colleague,
-"Ui lvKR ; nn x-r. 1 l . .
ibuth y nolwo"evenSl 2a j home orsuchas these, ir you will, at ths close Ji,. .f entered lhen because his keen or a summer day's lone labor .and while you hear
the husbaudinan's song, you may appreciate not
only the spirit or his independence, but his hap piness also. "Sweet is the bread that toil has won,
4,
tt ,sa u,al where he went, the
. K. , W0U'd 800,1 "bl08S0m the ,00acroby toiling millions. be r," mVW,ment; i where he sowed ichjs e,t Wvest of do,Ur- And h:?T th'S harvest for him -richer than - in her yars ef plenty? Sir,
And sweet the sleep it brings; And sweetly, when the day is done, My cheerful help-mate sings. How proudly round my hearth I see My sturdy sons draw near;
happy to know that this benevolent and sublime
scheme of colonization is a permanent part of
tho PTganic law wf my adopted State. The American colonization society has pioneered the way. The warm hearts and strong hands of Christian philanthropy have already made a great highway to relief. It has already the good
OUP CHIP BASKET.
Tis HU to hack into tho roots or things, They are so intertwisted with tho earth, So that Ihe branch a goodly verdure fiuigs, I feck not if an acorn gave it birth.
CIl is &e work of a philosopher to be every
feelings strongly expressed of nearly, if noidav subduing his passion, aad laying aside his
quite, every State in the Union and Wvbsal' prejudice have furnished, and are still furnishipg, "ma- 1 . 0"As there is no prosperous state of life with terial aid." Tmt American Congress has : ont i,s calamities! so there is no adversity with frequently spoken out in favor of tho great ! 0nll b5nefitfc enterprise. And has not tho Ume now come I , HTu U ? rjlCgA " . , . . i Liyeroool, aihich has iron i nstead of wooden for us ta act in good earnest? Heaven has masU, 70 feet high. Onibnibusses are beginning smiled, and is smiling, on that little colony with to be constrncted of iron, in England. They peculiar benignity. And now is the auspicious are faid 10 lighter, stronger, and more com- ,. . . . . . , . ,,i . moihous t-han those of wooq. time to open a rich stream that will continue to . ,. .. ii .u i . r .i l i jj iLr The old Indian time to plant corn was run until the last of these homeless and dow- , wbf,Q the wait9ak leave, u Ur9 trodden exiles; whom we call free, shall havo sqirrel's ears been returned to the land of his fathers. !?A readine peonlo Vill become a thinking
Sir, my opinion is, that we will never have ! people, and then they are capable of becoming
with us, are out or the questiou, We are of different races. God has made the diffcreuce and we should act as wise men. My own State
Are we Christian men? Do we
love our kind? Have we bowels of compassion; or will we, like the ''Priest and the Levite," i pass by and see this people thus trodden under foot, denied any right to make an effort to place themselves ia a better condition, and .as it were, bauished from the earth ? They have, as slaves, done much to render our domain valuable in the South, say our southern friends, and we have them now in the North. And when they will not, or cannot, take Care or themselves we will take care or them; as their thronging numbers in our jails, and penitentiaries, and poor houses, most lamentably instruct, And shall we not now devote a little portion or public domain to enable them to go to the home where God placed their ralhers? That little colony at Liberia has been doing wonders there. The Colonization Society was organized in this city only a little over thirty years ago, and thus far it has greatly exceeded the wonders when the American continent was settled by our rathers.
There are great things to be effected there, not simply for this hapless people, now everywhere amongst us, tantalized and insulted by being
called free? But, sir, I think I see ar;reat light springing up in Africa. We cannot enter into
the councils of the Almighty. His ' footstep
are in the sea." Yet we have often seen, that
'behind a frowning providence, He hides a smil
ing face."
Once the slave trade was indulged in by all
the Christian world, without compunction
Now it lacerates the hearts of all Christian
men, aud Christian nations call it piracy. The framers of our Constitution determined to break
it up. But how futile have been all of our
efforts to that end, since their rity. Sir, the
comb ined fleets of Europe and America have
tried it, and now acknowledge the discomfiture.
All such efforts are but man's "footsteps iu the
sea; and the result is a signal rebuke to us for
not listening to the small, still voice from those
little colonies planted by Christian charity and individual benevolence. The colonies planted upon the African coast hare broken up the horrid traffic along some six huudred miles of that coast, as quietly and effectully as the victim dies uuder an exhausted receiver. And, what is still better, the ten thou sand emigrants that the benevolence of the land lias carried
thither, have been scattering intelligence and the light of Christian truth through ull that border
This little baud have now some two hundred thousand or the natives under their jurisdiction,
in the main living quietly, mildly, and pleased with the colonists. There is hope here for the
philanthropist and the Christian; it seems to me such as has hardly ever sprung up before since
the dawn of the world's morning. We have these people among us, and we owe it to them, as well as lo ourselves, to do whatever we can
for their relief.
Mr. Chairman, it is not enough for us simply
to say, in reference to the Compromise, about
which our predecessors legislated at the last Congress, that there is uo difficulty. There is, and will be difficulty until every black man is
removed from the free States. So long as he remains amongst us to tell the story or his wire and children in bondage, there will be a disquiet. But our people will be still trusting that the
clouds we have so much dreaded are "big with
mercy." Th people or my own State have spoken in this behalf In very plain language, not only in their new constitution, but through their legisla
ture, now in session. I hold in my hand their
"earnest request" to me, as one of their Repre
sentatives here, to co-operate iu this great enterprise oT colonizing our free blacks. 1 will read one or the resolutions, involving their view of the slave trade: 'Resolved, further, That reason indicates,and expei ience has shown, that this crime against our race, and the just laws of God, can be more certainly put down than by any plan heretofore tried, by the planting and rearing to maturity and power colonial States upon the African coast, with republican forms of government, from the free black population orthe United States; and that it is the duty orthe Congress
of the United States, and of the legislatures of
each of the States or this Union, to enact such
laws, in harmony with each other, es would promote a general system or colonization, not only ror the purpose or suppressing the African slave trade, but also to separate, as dr
as possible, the while and the black race upon this continent, by sending off, where they might
consent to it; all colored persons in the United
the harmony of sections restored to this Union rm,na' and Sreat Popleuntil we shall have removed every free black &XEt'l?''' b
one who
f rn m within nnr KnrituM nnrl nM..:J1
r,IMIU wcaiiBi rr-D:i. i i .t . , .
for continued removal as fast as slaves are! , 7 - wousanas .. gnon mm..min..l. Ti.u .!. .a .u. ! Btorles W1" now rec,iv "tural explanation,
slave and the free Stat, alike. On, wHa ! fr0ra discovery that the decomposition of
may be healed over;! believe they will be. But so loo gas the free blacks are amongst us of the
North, we will see the old scars, and feel
one moment.
n - .. .i j i
eir, it was anomer, Buiuercuv, una nigiier uu - , ... . , i - - .... . ' h.H i Th.t miah.v Rivlr cf our ,Us 'P0' out; ond lf ,,er hnn't7 no "hal1 States, except those who may be h,!d loervice
b J nnltf oniial inr hrnvprr. ihA Will hnv Intlnht I. 1 r I O i.t s
7 " , , . ' (tho world a lesson that will soon cause "Ethl-
mas.es its way 10 me ocean inrougn mis vry 1.. ... .t,ui.--j " nn . In Jreti-)i nut her hauil4 la Rod "
domain. It was for the soverignty of ths ter
ritory that we were willing to pay those mil-1 lions. The value of the land, merely as land
ought never to be talked of, never thought of, in this connexion; and the last thing, I expect,
that Jefferson thought of, when he made that acquisition, was, that w could put so
much money into the Treasury by buying tho land at wholesale, and then ped-
diinr it out by retail to our own citizens! No,
sir; it was lo make an outlet for the multiplying
millions ot the great M ississippi valley , to acquire extended sovereignty, that this money was paid. The same was the case when Madison paid Spain
five millions for Florida. It never entered into the debates of those days, either, I presume how
much we might make by seliiug lUose lands to
viding Tor their comfort there for a reasonable
period afterwards; thus making some compen
our own citizens. It was the same in the pur- the ca'ise of emancipation fifty years!
Twenty-three yeais ago, when 1 went to the j Balion t aa injured race for the wrongs and
State of Indiana, before this calamitous excite- j oppressions of ages, and relieving ourselves from
ment had sprung up between tue tree ami tne slave ! a population which, although amongst, can States, there was a deep interest there, as else- I never be or us in social or political rights; and
where, which prevaded the whole community, I for that cause are at all times liable to become a in regard to the lamentable condition of the free ! eource orpublic charge and or public annoyance
black man; and the people seemed on the point In eaoh gtate where triey may reside, and or
or repealing some r the "Black Laws," en- causing irritatiou aud bad neighborhood in the
Urging their liberties, and giving them many feelings of the States themselves."
powers and privileges whicn they bad not. But Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to have this re
Uiis unfortunate question arose and what has qne8t; bat there was no necessity for them to
been the consequence T &ir, Mr. Uay never : of me that I should call upon this Govern-
made a truer remark than he did to the people of; ment to j0 i0mething Tor our Blaves in the free
my district ten years ago when he told the states. Sir, my heart and hand, my pen and conereeated thousands tht met and greeted h iin . , , . , . . there, that this slaver ablatio., had out back tonga-, ever since I arrived at matan.mrs,
, ' r,. I
annoyingly the twinges of former pains. We
must let tlii people go as fast as their consent
can be had. We must so enlichten their minds.
provide easy means for their exdus, and comfort in their new homes, that they will deire to go. Then, and not till then, Will the quiet consolations of a clear conscience, and the rich blessing of domestic tranquility abide with us. The subject of slavery amongst us is fixed by the Constitution. And those who cannot endure it as long as State see proper to tolerate it rather than be engaged in tho business of stiriuing up and scattering around them the baleful fires of agitation here better leave their country for their country's good, and find some other, if they ccn, that they may Uke better I have sometimes almost wished that the discussions of this slavery question on this floor was a felony. Peace is better than properly. We may lock our doors against the thief; but what bars or bolts can secure us from the wauton assults of the peace murdering mischief-maker? I have no evidence that, in the matter of this grievous fault, the North is any more criminal than the South. We have all sinned, and might be hereafter, it seems to me, most profitably engaged in "works meet for repentance," and laying our sin-offerings upon a common altar. Mr. Chairman, I see my time has expired. Much that I desired to say I have not said. But I am gratified and thantful for the patience and attentive hearing the committee have given me. Here the hammer fell.
iioosir.it POCTHT, BY HOOSIER EDITORS. A Sonnet to Ulay. SV SC. GREGf), EDITOR XEW.LF1XV TR1SIXE WniO. Sow charming May, with smile returning', Bod''V1il in living roUo or frrern, Invites us forth tliis dewy morning To enjoy the grateful scene. Sons of sloth, shake off your slumbers. Misses, niuidciis, matrons all Vako the matin's Joyful numbers, Haste obey the Virgin's call. See ! she comcss in pcerles beauty. With flowers her queenly brow entwined, Her train, attending nymphs their duty,
The raricgalod roatli to bind. O, what fragrance, aromatic, Breathes around her every where '. Dulcet notes of joy ecstatic, Float upon the ambient air. Where so lat; was heard the thunder, Pealing loud above the blast; And the old ouks shook with wonder, As the angry storm-king passed: Where was heard the hail storm rattle Poured the rain a drenching flood Now the birdlings sweetly prattle, "AiLiLfi! God is oood." Gone are all. like shadow s flitting, Storms, and clouds, and tempest spray ! These were but the moans befitting. To usher in a glorious May. Hark I the fields and forests blending, In one joyful song of praise ! Koles of melody, transcending Aught that mortal man can raise. Hie we then, through forests ranging, Hast we o'er the flowery lea, Where the birds are interchanging Faith and love, from every tree. May we not a lesson borrow From the songsters of the grave; Learn to soothe a brother's sorrow, Learn to feel a brother's love. New Albikt, May 1, lt52. EDWIN. A Serenade 11 w. w. woollek, miToa kadko tkimwtc wsno O come with mo, my blue-eyed maid, While the moon shines bright and dear Whilst Nature 'r breath is pure and calm, And the sky is bright and fair And we'll walk down to yonder brook, Where th crystal water laves. And teat ourselves on its grassy brink, To view Its silvery wave 1 For there, my love, lo that clear stream. Thy mt rrored form I'll see; Then leave thy couch end dreamy borne, To come anl go with ms (
And there, beside that lovely broelt, O I sing thy s eetest song: Then haste my love aud let's away I Why linger we so long!
Lines upon the Death of a rery Dear
Friend ST . t- D!Al.D30!,EDlTOE or TBS TERRE BACTX cocriek wmo. Shall blighted hopes e'er bloom again; And peace or joy impart? Will pleasure take the place of pain. To cheer saddened heart? Oh. not nry mind is cheerless now O'erwhilraed in silent grief, And nought bat pain is o'er my brow. Say, what can bring relief? The smiles that often make me bleat Have vanished like a dream : Those eyes that beauty's self posessed. Have faded; yet they seem To keep their virgils ever ntgh, And watch about my bed; Oh! whv am I ljft hjre to sigh. When all I loved is dead: Come, gentle spirit return sgain Mv loug-lost, absent friend; Or teach me howto bear the pain
'Till earthly cares snail ena.
hnve been engaged in this cause; and I am now
Return rgain, that peerless one.
Tiint Tale decreed depart, Go I 'arn me how to lull the pain That hangs about my heart.
; animal matter is accompanied light, or Iuminous vaper, which is visible to certain sensitive persoca j 3j"An' d'ye say, mam, this be yer oonly
child?" questioned Aunt Mary's newly fnstallpd Irish maid, adding "well, me raithr had tin of us, an' aiver an oon!y chily among 'era all indade it was my brvther Mike, an sure I can't remember how it was with myself, at all," and firiuget looked deeply reflective. 2j After the recent burning of a slave fac tory, there were discovered in the ruins of tha town the charred remains of one hundred and fifty slaves, who had been unable to escape, owing to their being chained together by the neck. It is supposed they were collected to
gether ready for shipping.
ftT" The Boston Pott says that a man moved
to Hampshire ,and remained three weeks, during which time it rained hard every day on the
morning of the 21st day he met a neighbor who remarked that the skies looked as though "a
storm was going to set in," whereupon the discouraged emigrant packed up and floated back
to his old home.
(7- In the course of an article upon D'lsraeli,an English writer remarks. "There never was a more striking instance of what the sheer force of ability can do, than the triumph which Ihe landless novel-writer and orator has achieved over those who would cashier him in a moment if they could only get on without him." ID A Texas paper in speaking of one of our Presidential aspirants, says that as he has got no morals, he had belter go in for the Presidency. ETA man in Baltimore was recently poisoneti by putting his hand (one of the ringers of which had been cut) into the mouth of a horse afflicted w th the glanders. He died in about two weeks, in gieat suffering. The Boy and the UricU-A Fable. A hny hearing his father say, 'twas a poor rule that dsd not work both ways," said: "lf father applies this rule about his work; I will test it in my play." So setting up a row of bricks, three or four inches apart, he tipped over the first, which striking the second; caused it to fall on the third,
which overturned the fourth, and so on thrcugh the whole course, until ail the bricks lay prostrate.
Well," said the boy, "each brick bas knock
ed down his neighbor which stood next to him;
1 only tipped one. Now I will raise one and
see if he wilt raise his neighbor. I will see if
raising one will rai3e the rest."
He looked in vain to see them rise. "Here, father," said the boy, is a poor rule; it
will not work both ways. They knock each other down, but wiil not work to raise each
other up."
"My son, said the father, "bricks and mankind are alike, both made of clay, active in knocking each other down, but not disposed to help each other up." " Father," said the boy, "does the first brick, represent the first Adam. The father replied in the following. M O H A L. 'When men fall, they love company; but when they rise, they love to stand alone, like yonder brick, end see others postrate and below them. But, my eon, this is contrary to that Heavenly Charity which we ought to possess, and never let it be so with you. Hons? hold Definitions. Home -The place where children have their own way, end married men resort when they have nowhere else to keep themselves. Wife The woman who is expected to purchase without means, and sew on buttons before they come off. Baby The thing on account of which IU mother should never go to the opera; consequently need never ha7e a new hat. Dinner The meal that Is expected to be in exact readiness whenever the roaster of (he
house happens home to eat it, whether at tirelre or half past three. Trowscra The disputed territory. A Novel Duel We find the following in tho EddyvllIefKy. Telegraph: Two young bloods of our city becoming efendedatsome imaginary insult, a challenge was passed and accepted, as both thought nothing but blood could wash out the Insult. Tho terms ou which the challenge was accepted were these that they should meet at Dr. N.'s office and be bled until one or the other should be sat-
hfied. They accordingly met, and the Doctor I opened a vein fur them. They bled until both i becoming extremely weak, and looking as white ' as their own linen, pronounced themselves satis
fied. So ends this bloody affair. Oddities of a Wealthy Man Hans Wilson, of Sleubenville, who died tn the 2J year of hisnge, bequeathed in bis will.
to his oniyadaughter $I,G(iU; to the widow of ! his only son, now the wife of the Rev Dr. Cox, ; or Piqua, $300 ; the balance of his fortune esti- ; mated at 21)0.000, he divided, in small sums, to I di.Terent churches in town, and in large sums to foreign aud domestic missionary societies, j The old dotard probably thought he would be able ' "To read his title clear To mansions in the skies," by leaving his children iu beggary.