Indiana American, Volume 19, Number 50, Brookville, Franklin County, 5 December 1851 — Page 2

PRESIDENTS MESSAGE. FeBvw Cititema of the ,Vnafr n J the Ilouf of Representative: I c mgratulate you and our common constituency upon the favorable auspices under wh'ch you moot ! r your first session. Our country is at peace with all the world. The agitation which, tea a time, threatened to disturb the fraternal relation which make us one people, is fast subsiding, and a year of genera! priwpvritv and health has crowned the na'ion with unusual blessings. None can look back t the dangers hie'i are passed, or forward to the bright ptvspeet betore us, without feeling a tliriil of gratitieaiion, at the same time that he must be imi R'ssed with a gratetul sense of our prolound obligations to a beneficent Providence, whose paternal care is so manitest in the happiness of this highly favored land. Since the close of the last Congress, certain Cubans and other foreigners resident in the United States, who were more or less concerned in the previous invasion of Cuba, instead of being discouraged be its failure, having again abused the hospitality of this country, by making it the scene of the equipment of another military expedition against that possession of her Catholic majesty, in which they were countenanced, aided and joined by the citizeus of the I'nited States. On receiving intelligence that such designs were entertained, I lost no time in issuing such instructions to the proper officers ot the United Siates as seemed to be called for by the occasion. l!y the proclamation, a copy of winch is herewith submitted, I also warned those who might be in danger of teing inveigled into this scheme of its unlawful character, and of the penalties which they would incur. For some time there was reason to hope that these measures had sufiL-ed to prevent any such attempt This hope however proved to be delusive. . Very early in the morning of the 3d of xVugvtst a steamer called the Pampero departed from" New Orleans for Cuba, having on board upwards of four hundred armed men. with evident intention to make war upon the authorities of the island. This expedi

tion was set on toot in palpable violation of the laws of the United States. Its leader was a Spaniard, and several of the chief officers, and some

others engaged in it, were foreigners. The persons composing it, however, were mostly citizens of the United States. Below the expedition set out, and probably tsefore

11 n ,s tiKBiuz'u, a sugnt insurrectionary movement, which appears to have been soon sunnrrssed.

had taken place in the eastern quartsr ot Cuba. 'I he importance of this movement was unfortunately so much exaggerated in the accounts of it published in this country, that these aiiven'urers

seem to nave been led to believe that the Creole pooula'.ion of the Island not only desired to threw

on trie aumority ot the mother country, but had resolved upon that siep, and had begun a weilcor.certed enterprise for effecting it. The persons engaged in the expedition were generally young mnA ill ........ I -I I . " 1 ; . l. . "

oiiu i.riii.i-i wii-u. uic Mt-amer in wnicn inev emI 1 1 I . 1 T M 1-1 - . 1.1 -1 .

I'urvi-u reu ii urieaiis sieauniiy ann wimout a

clearance. After touching at key West, she proceeded to the coast of Cuba, and, on the night between the 11th and 12th of August, landed the per

sons on ooaru at rtavtas, within about twenty !.,- i ii ' J

icitiiur: ui iiava.ia. '1 he main body of them proceeded to, and took possession of, an inland village, six leagues distant, leaving others to to:low in charge of the baggage, as soon as the means ot transportation could W obtained. The latter, having taken up their line of march to connect themselves with the main body, and having proceeded about four leagues into the country, were attacktd on the morning of the l.lth by a body of Spanish troops, and a bloJdy conflict ensued ; alter which they retreated to the place of disembarkation, where "about fifty of them obtained boats and re-embarked therein. They were, however, intercepted among the keys near the shore by a Spanish steamer cruising on the coast, captured and carried to Havana, and, alter being examined belore a military court, were sentenced to be publicly executed, and the sentence Wis carried into effect on the loth of August. On receiving information ot what had"oecurred, Comm.xiore Foxhail A Parker was instructed to proceed in the steam-lrieate Saranac to Havana, and inquire into the charges against the arsons executed, the circumstances under which they wore taken, and whatsoever referred to their trial and sentence. Copies ot the instrucions from the Department of State to him. and of his letters to that Department, are herewith submitted. According to the record of the examination, the prisoners a;t admitted the offences charged against them, of being hostile invaders of the island! At the time of their trial and execution the main body ot the invaders was still in the field, making war upon the Spanish authorities and Spanish suhjects. Alter the lapse of some davs, being overcome by :he Sr inisii troops, they dispersed on the 24th of August; Lcpez, their leader, was captured some days atier. and executed on the 1st of September Many of his remaining follower wrre kill..,!

died of hunger and tatiaue, and the rest were made prisoners. Of these none appear to have been tri. d or executed. Seven! of them were pardoned upon application of their friends and others, and the res', aivvit one hundred and sixty in number, were sent to Spain. Oi the final disposition made of these we have no official information. Such is the melancholy result of this illegal and lll-tated expedition. Thus, thoughtless youn men have been induced, by talse and fraudulent 'representations, to violate ihe law of their countrr. through rash and unlor.nded expectations of assisting to accomplish political revolutions in other ates, and have lost their lives in the u.irtertskii" loo severe a judgment can hardly be passed, by the indignant sense ol the community, upon those who, Ivine better informed themselves, have yet led away the ardor ol youth and an ill-directed love ot political liberty. The correspondence between this Government and that of Spain relating to tbi transaction is herewith communicated. Although these offenders against the laws have forleited the protection ot their country, yet the Government may, so far as is consistent with its obligations to oilier countries, and its fixed purpose to maintain and enforce the laws, ente.tain svmpathy tor their unoffending families and friends, as wcii as a feeling of compassion for !hmwlvJ

Aceonitnaly no proper ttiort has been spared, and none wi.i be spared, to procure the release of such otttttens ot the United States, engaged in this untawtul enterpnse. as are now in confinement in fpam; but it is to be hoped that such interposition with the government of that countrv mav not he considered as affording anv ground of expectation

. OTi.i!inu iiioi uic i. nuea Mates mil, here r. teel iisell under any obligation ot duty to in ode for the lilvration or pardon of such person tre flagrant oflenders against the law ot nation

imprisoned not more than three years; and this law has been executed and enforced, to the full extent ot the power of the Government! from that day to this.

hi proclaiming and adhering to the doctrine of

unmans miu non-intervention, the United States have not followed the lead of other civilized nations; they have taken the lead themselves, and t-ave been followed by others. This was admitted by one ot the most eminent of modern British Statesmen, who said in Parliament, while a minister of the crown, that, "if he wished tor a guide in a system ot neutrality, he should take that laid down by America in the days of Washington and the Secretaryship of Jefferson;" and we see in tact, that the act of Congress ol the year 1S18 was followed, the succeeding year, by an act of the Parliament of F.ngland, substantially the same in its general provisions. Up to that time there had been no similar law in F.ngland, except certein highly penal statutes passed in the reign of George II., prohibiting English subjects from enlisting in foreign service, the avowed object of which statutes was, that foreign armies, raised for the purpose of restoring the house ol Stuart to the throne, should not be strengthened by recruits from England herself. All must se that difficulties may arise in carrying the laws referred to into execution in a country now having thre- or four thousand miles of sea

coast, wi.n an infinite number ot ports and harbors and small inlets, from some of which unlawful expeditions may suddenly set forth, with j it the knowledge of Government, against the posses sionsot foreign States. Friendly relations with all, but entangling aliiancts with none, has long been a maxim with us. Our true mission is not to propagate our opinions, or impose upon other countries our form ol government, by anittee or force; but to teach by example, and show by eur success, moderation and justice, th blessings of self government, and tho advantages ot tree institutions. Let every people choose for itself, and make and alter its political institutions to suit its own condition and convenience But while we avow and maintain this neuiral policy ourselves, we are anxious to see the same forbearance on the part o' other nations,

"u.rre lurius ot government are cttierent Irom onr own. The dtep interest which we teel in the spread ol liberal princip'cs and the establishment ot tree governments, and the sympathy with which we wiuiess every struggle against eppresaion, forbid tha we should be indifferent to a case in which th. strong arr.i of a tor- ign power is invoked to stift public sentiment and repress the spirit of treedom in any country. The governments of Great Britain and France have issued orders to their naval commanders on

the est India station to prevent by force, if necessary, the landing of adventurers from any nation on the Island of Cuba with hostile intent. The copy of a memorandum of a conversation on this subject between the Charge dAHaires of her Britannic. .Majesty and the Acting Secretary of Sta'e and of a subsequent note of the former to the Department ot State, are ht rewith submitted, together with a conv of a note of the rtinT sl.,..

I - - - -- - - ...... . -1 l iui ji State to the Minister ot the French republic, and of

me repiyoi me latter, on the same subtest. These papers will acquaint you with the grounds of this interposition ot the two leading commercial powers of Europe, and with the apprehensions, which this Government could not fail to entertain, that such interposition, it canted into effect, might lead to abuses in derogation of the maritime rights ot the United Mates. The maritime rights of the United States are founded On a firm. Kfcm-., n.l .....li

defined basis; they stand unon the cninnH nf Na

tional Independence and public law, and will be maintained iu all their lull and, jnst extent. The principle which this Government has heretofore solemnly announced it still adheres to, and will maintain under all circum.-tances and at all hazauls. That nnnciule is. that in pvrrt r..,i.ri

documented merchant vessel, the crew who navigate it, and those on board of it, will find their protection in the flag which is over them. No American ship can be allowed to be visited or searched

lor t tie purpose ot ascertaining the character of individuals on board, nor can there be allowed anv watch by the vessels ot any foreign nation over American vessels on the coasts of the IT

or the seas adjacent thereto. It will be seen by the last communication from the British Charge d' -f-tairs to the Department of State, that he U authorized .to assure the Secretary of Sisip tl,t

care will be taken that, in executing the preventive measures against the expeditions, w-hieh n..i,i

States Government itself has denounced as not Winn aM,!!... I t ). . c

....i .vi ,nc i iuu viRMi ot any governme.it,

..v. iinciinrnn; r:al lKe Place Wlltl t 1 lawful

commerce of any nation. In addition to the correspondence on this subject herewith submitted, official i

received at the Department of State, of assurances

i'v i.ie rrenca government mat. in inr,

to the Ficnch naval forces, they were expres--fy in-sirueie-i.lin roiy operations they miht engage in,

we lias ui me l nuea Elates, wherever it might appear, and to commit no act of hostility

upon any vessel or armament under its protection.

i.iuusiere aim consuls oi mreign nations are th

means and agents of communication between us

im nose nai ions, aim it is ot the irniost import

ance ina, wm,e residing m the countrr. they

!""u i.eci cmuy so long as ttiey lai'tv IuIIl- ri.'!iarii tt,..;

...... v .ovi.utcv. ,11,1, irr, i.ue mines ati.i sre

cm. ty oi no violation ot our laws. This is the ad

miueu law ot nations, ami no country has a rleener interest in maintaining it than the United States Our commerce spreads over every sea and visits

t vny tnrne, ana our minurprs and consul a'e appointed to protect the inter sts of that commerce as well as to guard the peace of tha oounuy and maintain the honor ot its flag. But how can they

..., uinrt-B mey ne tnem'S'ives protected; and, it protected, it must be by tlie

u j loun,rF n which they reside. And what is due to our public functionaries residing in foreign rations is exactly the measure nt rh,t i.

due to the functionaries of other governments resi-

tu-s: nere. as in war. t ie bearers of if r ..,.,

fiat thelTovernmentot the United States niil, here r.tt- r. teel iisell under any obligation of duty to in

.Msiiim i'i..-miers against tne law ot nations

iiuu me laws oi tne I'mted States. These law must be executed. I' w e desire to maintain our re

j-it i-ia'.-iiiiy amor-g me nafons ot the cart1, ;t be hooves ustoenlorce steadily and sternly the'neu tra'.ity acts passed by Congress, and to follow, tar as may be, ihe violation of those acts with cou

Kilt whfttaivatta t... i.lla. 1 :,. ...

i,vuuai llllinna 1IV Til fhi in

vasion ot Uilvi is. that under the lead ot Spanish subjects and with the aid of citizens ot the United

v . . ' " origin, wiui main- in motiv.,

"it-v was advanced hr in,firi.l.u

I'Upiaity.

probably m cenideral)

ban boiuls. as li-ey hav

u.m.-.-j, si n very large discount mirl or the payment of which the public lands and nub

';l.i"' i'1"' m -;"o! wnate-er kind, and the fis-

u.e amounts, to purchase Cuive been called, irstied by 1..

is ,n f fm - l l'i'icana government of that i and, from whatever source to be derived were p edged, as well as the g.xxl taith of he gov ment expected to lie established Ml ti,.,J J. . " .

n payment, it is evident, were nnl t., u.l:r .

bv a Procws of W.M war, and revo oNone w-,11 deny that th who set on foot rtiil-tarv exfoitions against foreign States br mno 1.1...

.... v. . i

, wiipa.iie man the ignorant and t le r.eoesa.tous whom Uiey indnm to go forth as ,"e ostensible parties m the proceeding. These ot X nators ot the invasion ot Cuba seem to have determined. w!nr.-nd system, upon an undert.TKing w hich should disgrace thpir o,,.. ; .V:'

its laws and put to hazard the lives ot ill-informed and deluded men m will consider whether further legis'ation be necessary to rreve nt th J

petra'ion of such offences in future

No individuals have a right to hazard the nean ot the country or to violate itslwnn.,n . .....

tionsot altering or reforming governments' in other ta es. Ihis principle is not only reasonable ,

iis.i, ana in accordance with public law, but is enBmttod into the txxlea of ottvr nations as well ?, our own. But while such are the Ji JZ' l '!

in 4 I j'lVtiriimnni l

, " "y oe attaed that rucry imiefvndent nauon must be presumed w ft .bito i.elond its ,i sessions against unauthorized indi-

cnnnem of the United States, a, . tinle8 establishment, has ..) i ; . u

------uiim iia i; tyrtr .

Siriin Tti AitiH. a .1 . f

.n1: b!,wa 'h" P'. ar.d to oWrve

.... .... ..uur3 mi neuira tty. At an ear r r H.,-i .,(

bv

the act ot Acnl. i?m hy wht .k 'Z . .."'"V.1"1

things.it wasd.H-lared that if . "J' ..

within the territory or jurisdiction he lS S-ates, beam, or set on to.u ,:J . L "'

the means tor anv mili-r ct.IViV; ' or WP

to be carried on from tK,n'. ..r:.. "u . e"!erPrl;

j . . ' -ie,i lire

lltlt

r,i,,l.,n .,- r : ,i nor

v or

t any

...-.u.ci ..r pti.plewiin whom the Uni-ed Kat-s are at peace, every retain so offending shaM be deemed guilty of high n.isdemeanor, snd ahal be hned, not exceeding three thousand dollars, and

are.Bacred. or else wars would be interminable, sc in pieee, embasesdors, public ministers. nH n.

su.s, charged with friendly national intercourse are object of especial respect and protection, each sccordtng to the rights belonging to his ranft and s attoti In view ot these imrxrtaiU principles, it is with deep mortification and regret 1 announce to you t'in, dnnne the excitement grow:n out 0f the execauona at Havana, the cfVl.-e of hr Catnolic msji-sty s consul at New Orleans wrs astai'ed bv a mob hi? : property destroyed, the Spanish flag found in th:i furs carried rl ami turn in i,i.-.

snmscit liidueed to flee i.r ,a.,.i .r.....

which he supposed to be m danger, tin rei-eivin inlel.igenri of these events. 1 forthwith directed ho attorney ol the United States residing at New t'r.eans to inquire into the faue and the extent of ihe peenmary loss sustained by the consul wi'h the intention of laying them before von, that ton miC!it make provision for such indemnity to hini as aj tst regard (or the honor of the nation and the respect which is due to a friendly power might fn your judgment. seem to require." The correspondence on this isuKjeU between the Secretary of Slate and her t a'holic majefty-a minister plenipotentiary is herewith transmiwd y The occurrence at New Orleans has led mo io give my attention to ,i,e MVc o(onr lsW8 in B o .Ionian etr.bador,, ministers, and consul; -I think the legislation ol tho country is deficient in not providing sutiaiently either lor the protection or Acpumshrnrnt of consul,. I thererore recon" m.md the suhj.-ct to the o msideration of CWtA i our attt-imon m Koain inik.j

c . i , -t"11 w iiiw uuesiion of reciprocal tvade Memn ii,o i';..iH o..."

and Canada and other Pnt'sh possessions neaVo-ir !!rnU09 cr ""ntion upon this Ml ; eel have been reeeiwf imm lr n.

jesty's Minister ricnipotrntiary, but it seem" , u, he

... .i.i n-P.ns preteratue that the mnttf-r should be rognlated by rectproc.l legisiation. LVcimu,,

employment of a public vessel to convey to this

country Louis Kossuth and his associates in captivity. v

The inatruetion above referred to was complied with, and the Turkish government having released Governor Kossuth and his companions trom prison, on the lOih of September last they embarked on

uoaiuui mi- iiiiit-u o.aies steam irigate Alississip pi, which w as selected to carry into eflect the res

o .iuon oi ingress uovernor Kossuth left the Mississippi at Gibraltar, tor tho purpose of making a v sit to England, and may shortly be expected in w ork. By communications to the Dc-

puriinenioi Piste, ne has expressed his grateful acknowLdginents lor the interposition olTliis government in behalf of himself and his associates. Thi country has been j jstly regarded as a sate asylum tor those whom political events have exiled from their own homes in Europe; and it is recommended to Congress to comsider in what manner Governor Kossuth and his companions, brought hither by its authority, shall be received and treated. It is earnestly to be hoped that the differences which have tor some time past been pending between the government of the Frencn republic and that of the Sandwich Islands, may be peaceably and durably adjusted, so as to secur the i

of those islands. Long before the Pnm whi, h

have of late imparted so much importance to the possi saions ol the United States on the Pacific, we acknowledged the independence oi the Hawaiian

eutci mucin, i inn government was first in taking that step, and several of the leading powers of E irope immediately followed. We were influenced in this measure by the existing and prospective importnnee of the islands as a place of refuse and retreshment for our vessels engaged in the whale fishery, and by the consideration that they lie in the course of the great trade which must, at nodtstant day, be carried on between the western const ot North America and Eastern Asia. We were also influenced by a desire that those islands should not pass under the control of a-iy other great maritime State, but should remain in an independent condition, and so be accessible and useful to the commerce ol all nations. 1 need not tay that the importance of these considerations has been greatly enhanced by the sudden and vast development which the interests of the United Sta'es have attained in California and Oregon; and the policy heretolore adopted in regard to those islands will be steadily pursued. It is gratifying not only to those who consider the commercial interests ot nations, hut also to nil who favor the progress cf knowledge and the diffusion ol religion, to see a community emerge from a savage state and attain such a degree ot civilization in those distant seas. It is much to lie denlored that ili ,...

qmltty ot the Mexican Republic should a-rain be seriously disturbed; for, since the peace between that republic and the United Slates, it had enjoyed such comparative reiiosc, that the most favorable ' anticipations lor the future might, with a degree

oi 1-imnoence, nave been indulged. These, however, have been thwarted by the recent outbreak mr u-""c ot 'Ianiaul'pas. on the right bank ot tne Kio Bravo. Having received information that persons Irom. the United Slates had taken part in the insurrection, and apprehending that their example might bs followed by others, 1 caused orders to be issued f-r the purpose of preventing any hostile expeditions sgainst Mexico being set on foot in violation of the laws of the I nued States. I likewise issued a proclamation upon the subject, a copy of which is herewith laid be lore you. This appeared to be rendered imperative by the obligations of treaties and the general duties ol good neighborhood. In my last annual message I informed Con-Tress that citizens ot the United States had undertaken the connexion of the two oceans by means of a railroad across the Isthmus of Tehuantcpec, under a grant ot the Mexican government to a citizen ot that republic; and that this entt rpriz would proab.y be prosecuted with energy whenever Mexico should consent to such stipulations with the (;.-.

ernment ot the I nited States ns ch.uil.l ,.,. .

leeling of security to those who should invest their property in the enterprise. A conv ention between the two government for the accomplishment of that end has been ratified bv this Government, and oniv awaits tin. A.-. ..i .'i.

Congress and the Executive of that rrrnhlie

."Mime unexpected difficulties and delay have arisen in the ratification of that convention bv Mexico, hut it is to be presumed that her decision W!lt be governed by just and enlightened views, as well ot the general imnnrtnnre ' ih ,:... i

l . " i - w j' ii, us oi

..w iiinicin ohu uuugaiions. Ill negotiating upon this important Puhject this Government has had in view one, and only one object. 1 hat obtect has been, and is, the construction or attainment of a passage trom ocean to ocean, the shortest and the best fir travellers and merchandise, and equally open to all the world It has sought to obtain no territorial acquisition nor any advantages peculiar to iisell; and it wou'd' see, with the ereatesf regret, that Mexico should oppose any obstacle to the accomplishment ol an

....... nmi-ii promise so mucli convetiien.-e

me w .wie commercial world, ami such

nuiantae? lo .iiexico herself

viese sentiments and thes1

to

rmlnen

mpressed with

Convictions tho is,

ernment will continue to exert ail proper eft ins to

tr V necessary arrangement with the work Melu' ,or l!'e sicedy completion of the For somrt months past the Republic ofN icara-na has been the theatre ofoneot those civil conv, ilsums, trom which the cause of free institutions, and the genera! prosp-ri'y and soei.il progress of the Mates ol fen-ral America, hav- so often and soce veri ty guttered. Unti nniti,nii i.. i ' .

i - j - "uii u.ti- i'eii restored, and a government apparently stable shail have been organized, no advance can crudentlv be mn.iA

in disposing of the questions landing between the two coui-tries.

I

are estimated at tl2.8l-. -J.W 19. of which thur.

required for the ordinary Durnosesnf the Govt rn

ment, other than those consequent upon Ihe acciui

sition of our new 'I erritories, and deducting the

''!;",, . on ccountor the public deb', the sum ot (33.31.1,193 08: and for th nnrTifM rnnnf-elptf

directly or indirectly with those Territories, and in

me imminent ol the obligations of the Govern ment, contracted in consequence of their acquisi tion, tho sum of 9.MH.101 11.

If the views of the Secretary of the Treasury in

reierei ce to the expenditures required for these Territories shall be met by corresuonding action on the part of Congress, and appropriations made in accordance therewith, there will be an estimated unappropriated bjlanee in the Treasury on the 30th June lSXf, of $iO,3G,4 43 90, wherewith to meet

mat portion ot the public debt due on the first July

following, amounting to f b .237.931 35, as well as

any appropriations which may be made beyond the estimates. In thui referring to the estimated expenditures on account of our newly acquired Territories, 1 may express the h.pe that CongTefs will concur with me in the desire that a liberal course of policy may be pursue l towards them, aad tha. every

vuiftuuu(w(ticcB wi iiiiiucu, cmiTeu iiho in consequence nf their acquisition, shall be fulfilled by the most liberal appropriations for that purpose. The value of our domestic exports for the last fiscal year, as compared with those ol the previous year, exhibit an increase of $13,616,323. At first

view this condition ot our trade with loreign na

uuus wouiu xm io present tne most tlaiterinc I . r . . ..... m . '.

n. peg in ua iuiure prosperity. An examination

ot tne details ol our exports, however, will show

mat tne increased value ot our exports for the

insu iim-bi year in io ne louna in me mo i tine

ui i.HitHi wnicn prevaiiea ounng me tirst hall ot that year, wnich price has siuce declined alaiut

one-natt.

The value of our exports of brcadstnffi and nr.r

Visi ins, which it was sunnnsed ihn imntiir nt"

low tariff and large importations from abroad would

nave greatly augmeiTied. has fa en from fif,S.701..

?ei. in 1847, to $-'6,051,373 in ISoO, and to $21. 94S.6j3 in lr?M, with a strung probability, amount ling almost to a certainty, ot a etiU further reduc tion in the current year.

The aggregate values of rice exported during the last fiscal year, as compared with the previous

hi, aieo exiuon a aecreasfl miiuntin7 to c lhil

917, which, with a decline in the values ol thn t

ports of tobacco tor the same period, make an ag-

sit-iiBie oecrease in inese t'vo articles ot $1,150,751. I he policy which dictated a low rate of duties on foreign merchandize, it was thought bv those who uromoted and established it, would tend to

pentnt tho tarming population of this country, by

increasing; tne cemand and raising tha price ot ag ricultural preduciB in foreign markets.

i ne loregoing racis however, wpiii h show in.

ontestibly that no such result has lollowed the adaption ol this policy. On the contrarv. notwith

standing th-3 repeal of the restrictive corn laws in

r.ugiana, me lore gn demand tor ti e products of the American farmer has steadily declined, since the short crops and consequent famine in a portion ot Europe have been happily replaced by full crops and comparative abundance nf food. It will be seen.by recurring to the commercial statistics for the past year, that the value of our domestic exports has been increased in the single item of raw cotton by $40,000,000 over the value of that export lor the year preceding. This is not

aue to any increased general demand for that article, but to the short crop of the preceding year which created an increased demand and an augmented price tor the crop of last year. Should the cotton crop now going torward to market be only equal in quantity to that of the year preceding, and be sold at the present prices, then there would be a lading off in the value of our exports lor the pre-

,r,r m nt least 'iu,iMi,ooo, compared wuh the amount exported lor the year ending JOih June, IS.il. s The reduction of gold h California fr the past year eeems to prmniro a larye supply of that metal

rom inn quarter lor soma time to come. Puis

inrire annual increase ol the currency of the wor'd must lie attended with its usual results. These have been already partially disclosed in the enhancement nt prices and a risi.ig spirit o! speculation tnd adv-nttire, tending to ovcrtra tin-r. as well at homo as abroid. Unless some salutary check shall be given to these tendencies, il is to b feared that imooriat on ol torcian goods beyond a hcnlthv demand in this country will lead to a sudden drain of the precious metals trom us, bringing with it, as it has done in former times, tho moBt disastrous consequences to the business and capital of the American people. The exports of specie to liquidate our foreign debt during the past fiscal year have been $it ,2t,3 -9.9 over the amount of specie imported. The ex-

ore run mK.,,,-;... o. .. . ...

British government is willin.r to iT.,r "j

moM. .i.:-l. :. . .- ? "on uif

, nv anopt, itsomearranrem n uiN-n this subject t,hall not be made rr;,nSem nt nfZUTy note from ihe

the l Vpartment of aie tiiereto, it will apparti.at

.itauinc iliaieSIVX irovprnmcnt io .!.:

that n,rt r it ......-..".""" - w?nus

V,"f V - i """"""ry une netween Oregon and tne Bn'ish noss. , I.,.,ij k-....u..-; '.r

V v,..l, .! j .. . . ioori.au VP

. . V" ,al,a an intention wasexpresd o apply to Congress tor an appropriation to drtav expense thereof on the'paft of the Unhea states our attenuon to tlii i-kii :.

invued, and a Pro,W apVrtlon recoii

A convention for the adjustment of claim, ot

nizensoi me l niteil stt. . 1, . ,

tv-en ,l..l 11 ....IT... " .T 1 oriusai nas

.i V""u V11 "oucations have been ex-eha'-ged 1 he first tnsti .i .

.....1 k I l r.V. ' ' "lr moun t0

'- 1 1 llltllHI n'l lit, 'A .1. i O

ber I,.,, and has been nT.f 1 "vu m "f"

The President of the Funch KepuMic.accrd-no the revision? of the convention, has ben

. .. .iivr in me case ot the General Arm g, and has s g-.i tied that he accepts the trust

am happy to announce that an intnr.r.n.;-

communication from the mouth of the St I..hn .

I acttic has been so fur

Pas.'eiiirrrs have nptnulU trvnr,

I.i 3 i. u" ,?nslH1rtpd over it; and when the canal s nr. I have been completed, according to the

It is understood th

railroad across the lthmti. nf P.n.,.,. i.. ' u

completed, mud that the mail and nas'n.,.,;,

in tuture. be convevH il. ,-,,, "

W hichever of the several routes between tl, t.

oceans, may ultimaielylpMvc most elimble lor tiavelers to and from the riirioront ;,.to .. .u . . .

tic andGuifot Mexieo.and , 1,

there is little reason to rfr,k. .1... -r . uv-'"...'

, ' t"-"y wiucii alone Hey have b:-en or are rxnected to K .--rrij o--T 3 1

1 ence lias been concluded betwwn tl j

ouerAa. relation wiihat Sr The office of Commissioner to China remain unh! led; several persons have been appointed Zl the place, has been offered to others, all of whom tee cn'iy'of F "WPtSn-.n ground of the nadcq.iacv of tne comp, tisati on. The annual allowance by law is six thousnnd dollars, and th.re is no provision for any o.-itfit. 1 earnes.ly re v, mend the consideration of this subject toConarcg Our commerce with China is highly import ant, and is becoming more and more so, in conseqnonc ot the increasing intrrcnurse between our ports on l!1: r,St and hArTn .A?i- China is mi-

... ,.-.,, , country in wnicn

r.,-Mi,r, anu j snow ot no n

ports ol specie during the first quarter of the present fiscal year have been $14,651,827. Should specie continue to he exported at this rate for tho remaining three quarters of this year, it will drain from oiirmetallc currency during the year ending 3Uiu June, lbj2, the enormous amount ot $.53,607 3fS. In the present prosperous condition of the national finances, it will become the duty ol Congress to eons: let ihe best mod- ot paying ,.fr the public debt. It theprpent an i anticipated surplus in th 1 reasury should not he absorbed by appinpriation

cimracier, tins surplus should be employed m eueh way, nnd under such resections, as (. ongress may enact, in cxtinguishinii the outstanding debt ol the nation. Hy rele.-enee. to the act of Congress, approved 9th September, 1?50, it will bo seen that, in con-idro-tioti ot certrun concessions by the State of Texas it lsjirovided that the "United Slates shall pay to' th State ot IYx.n ihe sum of ten millions of dollars, in stock bearing five pr-r cent. int. rest, and redeemable at the end of fourteen years, the interest payable half yearly, at the Treasury of the

In the same section of the law it is further provmed "that no more than five millions ot said stock shall be issued until the creditors ot the State holding bonis and other i'erti6

fi r which dut,e, oh , mparts were specially pledged, shall hrst hie at the Treasury of the United States releases ot all claims against the United State for oron account ot said bonds or certilicates. in such form as shntl be prescribed by the Secretary of the t reasury, and approved by ihe President of the

v. uio .1 UtdiHT?.

I'ha lorm of release thus provided

prcscnlH-d by the Secretary ol the Treasury, and approved. It has been published in nil th

ected as arbiter in the case nf ih i'l-i

str.-.n. m.i I .... . . v " ' '

and t

. ....,.,.,i in. -rsi oi two nations. witH -l.i..k i.-

united by sentiments ot ci,,.r ..... f ... T

amity. las.iug

1 lie 1 urki-ih Mrmrn.!..! I... . .

hank. f;w.h. hiJtZZ":;"x " "PWI '

'.I '. VI r. '"Kion given to ihe Su

visit tl

ary last

, Amin tlW on the h5.." his e'en, to the Ur.iteil States. On the s? !, f p.. ist a despatch was address k. o

I State to Mr. Marsiu ihe American iZ Z:V.

'nstantinople, instructing him to ask ol the Turk ' government permission , .k. u

-hen iniaoncd within the dominmnr'm ioi e t ortr, to remo.e to this counfy. On the 3d of March laat both Hoases ot Congress passed a rei luuon requesting we President to aSise the

living is very

...... .,v., vi.u.MiMoiicr pent tmttier shou'd not Iv.

piacci, in regard to compensation, on an equal

newspapers in the commercial cities of the Untied ..63"i , P?rm(,lding claims of the kinds Z?tll,7"l P. ir?d to

, .. ., UM mrm tints prescribed in .V Y.l" ,0M1. Although this public:

tion f-.as

.March

Is m. vet nn ta thp 1st nf ri-t,

Tl. mithnritirs nf t!w State of Texas, nt the request nf ,he : Secretary of the 'I reasury, have furmshed la schedule of the public debt of tha, State created prior to her admission into ,he Union with trS' ,hC l8WS ,,m,er Which each 6,888 w n5,lay rn1m !he dornenta furnished by the : "e classes of claims

. ............ ltI uiu ari rp.

The report of the S crritary of the Interior, which accompanies this communication, will present a condensed statement of the operations of that important department ol the Government. It will bo seen that the cash sales of the public lands, exceed those oi the preceding year, and that there is reason io amicipaie a still further increase, notwithstanding the large donations which have been made to many of the States, and the liberal grants to individuals as a reward for military services. This fact furnishes very gratifying evidence ot the'growing wealth and prosperity of our country. Suitable measures have been adopted for commencing the survey of the public lands in Calilornia and Oregon. Surveying parties have been organiacd, and some progress has been made in establishing the principal base and meridian lines. But further legislation and additional appropriations will be necessary before the proper subdivisions can be made, and the general land system extended over those remote parts of our torritnry. On the 3d of March last an act was passed providing for the appointment of three commissioners to settle private land claims in Calilornia. Three persons were immediately appointed, all of whom, however, declined accepting the office, in consequence of the inadequacy of the compensation. Others were p-omptly selected, who, for tho same reason, also declined; and it was not until late in the season that the services ot suitable persons could ba secured. A majority of the commissioners convened, in this city, on the 10:h of September last, when detailed instructions were given to them in regard to their duties. Their first meeting lor the transaction of business will be held in Srn Francisco on the 8ih day of the present month. 1 have thought it proper to reicr to these facts, not only to explain tne causes of the delay in fil ing the commission, but to call yonr attention to the propriety ot increasing the compensation ot the commissioners. The office is one of great labor and responsibility, and the compensation should lie such as to command men of a high order of talents and the most unquestionable integrity. The proper disposal of the mint ral lands of California is a subject surrounded by great difficulties. In my last annual message 1 recommended the survey and sale of them in small parcels under such restrictio is as would effectually guard against monopoly and speculation. But upon turther information, and in deference to the ouinions of ner-

sons familiar with the subject, 1 am inclined to change that recommendation, and to advise that

they lie permitted to remain, as at present, a com

mon held, open to the enterprise and industry of all our citizens, until further exoerience shall havn

developed the best policy to be ultimately adopted in regard to them. It is safer to sutler the inconveniences that now exist, for a short period, than, by premature legislation, to fastsn on the country system founded in error which may place the whole subject b.-yond the future control ot Con

gress.

The acrieultural lands should, however. b tor.

veyed and brought into market with as liu'e HhIiv

as possible, that the titles may become settled, and the inhabitants stimulated to make nermnnent im.

provemnts, and enter on the ordinary pii-suiis of

inc. i o t neci inese onjects it is desirable that t!ie necessary provision be made bv law for the establishment ot land offices in California and Oregon, and for the efficient uroSwCUtion of the enrv. v. n

an early dav.

Somedillicultics have occurred in organizing the ferritorial governments of New Mexico and Ili.h-

and. when more accurate information shall be obtained of the canst, a further communication will be made on that subject. In my last annual communication to Congress I recommended the establishment of an Agricultural Bureau, and 1 take this occasion againto invoke your favorable consideration ot the subject Agriculture may justly be iegarde.1 .4 tha a-mst

interest of our people. Four fifths of our aet ve population are employed in the cultivation of the soil, and the rapid expansion ot our settlements over new territory is d uly adding to the number of lhoe encaged in that vocation. Justice and sound policy, therefore, alike require that Ihe (iovernment should use all the means amhoriorl h ii,

Cons'ittuion to promote the interests and welfare of that important class of our teliow citizens. And yet it is a sii.guiar fact that, whilst the manuiacturing and commercial interests have enuaged the attention ot Congrew during a large portion of every session, and our statutes abound in provisions lor their protection and encouragement. ln:i I,..

been d. ne directly for the advancement of ariciilt'ire It is time that this reproach to our legislation should he removed; and 1 sincerely hojie lUal the present Congress will not close their labors without adopting . fhcient means to supply the omissions cf those who have preceded them. An Agricultural Bureau, charged with the duty of collecting and disseminating correct information as to the best modes of cultivation n,i .,r th. ... .

effectual means ol preserving and rpsmrln. ihn t. l

tilitv of the soil, and nf

f 1 I 1 """S Ul"llll:g seeds and plants and other vegetable productions.

...a....,...,-,,:,!,, rt-uaru 10 me sou, climate, and treatment best adapted to their grow;h, could not tail to be, in the lanptia? of Wmiii,r,i.,r. ; i.;., i...

annual message to Congress, a "very cheap instrument ol immense national benefit."

Regarding the act of Comr. m-.ri.,,,! 00,1.

September, 1850, granting bounty lands to persons who ha 1 hern engaged in the military service ol the c 'iintrv. as a great measure nt n,i;,.n.i :...:

and munificence, an anxious desire has been felt by the ofln crs entrusted with its immediate execution, to give prompt eflect to its provisions All the means within their control wr ii,D.r.

brought into requisition to expedite the adjudication of claims, and I am gratified to h able instate that near one hundred ihousand applications have been considered, and about seventv th.ina.n.i

rants issued within the short space of nine months it adequate proviion le made by law to carry into ellect the recommendation of ih n,. .,.... ;.

is confidently expected that, before the close of the next fiscal year, all who are entitled to the benehJ '2e act wlU ,,ave re'i their warrants. I he Secretary of tho Interior has suggested in his report various amendments of the laws relating to pensions and bounty lands, tor the purpose of more effectually guarding against abuses and frauds on the Government, to all of which 1 invite your particular attention. r

---,"" lu ut iiiuian popu'at on consequent upon tne acquisition of N?w Mexico and California, and the extern ion of our settlementsmto Utah and Oregon, have given increased interest and importance to our relations with the aboriginal racn. " No material change has tak-n place, within the lst year, m the condition and pros;cts of th" Indian tribes who reside in the Northwestern Territory and west of the Mississinni ri. w" i . ...

peace with alt of them; and it will be', iirco 0

. .. , ,i u W learn inai mey are gradually &d yancmg ln civilization and th pursuiu of socirl

" " ,MC ,m,y. "as 'iccasionfd th numerous courts-muni. I . u lntovi

1. . . .j "i""' "ie art-

sels in port, and is believed to have hH 5 ' effect upon the discipline and eHiei, n'' vie. 1 o moderate n;iniBhm. . '

another is among the humane retml hut m .k.itul. .1 -'"irri!

- w u,riicii nm ui neventv

Wbic

genera,, y to offences on shiu-'lim'

noining in lis s'xad, is to Biippose a ' provenient in every individual ViT's which is not assumed by the LegH.',, "i2 -to any other class of men. It is h"'! r' gress, in the ample opportunity eff ,r,'v. ''' fession, will thoronnf.iy investia: 4 '" sulject, and establish euch mivi, " '' i guilt, and such gradations of phi,, '. ' ' consistent with humanity and tho . Tr'"" of individuals, and at the tame ; . ''"V'! the most energetic and efficient Vrv'r!''1 ' ty and the suppression ot crime m c'Ur ' : 1 he stone dock in the navy vaM at 5 " ' which was ten years in proce', f "l v i been so tar finished as 10 ba snrrenJ' r"" authorities of the yard. The n ry f nlT ? phia is reported as completed Z '-

soon to be tested and delivered ov t!-

ot the government. That ut V, r, tlamrwhire. is also nenrU ,

a resary apportionment, and in transmitting the certificates required by law. 1 The Superintendent of the Seventh Census it diligently employed, under the direction of the Sec-

Z interior, in classifying and arranging in tabular form all the .l.lialir.l inlnrrnatinn doriv.

ed from the returns ol the marshals, and it is be-

ueveu inai wnen the work ahn im ennin tpd it

will exhibit a more perfect view of the population, weal'h, occupations, and social coi.diii. n ofacreat

coiintry, than has ever been pres. ntcd to the world. 1 he value ot such a work. . th h.et., ,.1 niini,..

ened legislation, can hardly be over e-timated; and 1 earnestly hope that Congress will lose no ume in makin the appropriations necessary tn cr.mi.lf.te

the classifications, and to uublish the rAfiiilra in

style wonbv ot the subiect and nt mir nili..tiil

character.

1 he want of a uniform fee bill, m-escribinir the

compensation to be allowed district attorneys, clerks, marshals and commissioners in civil ni

criminal cases, is the cause of much vexation, in-

justice, and complaint. I would recommend a

thorough revision of the laws en th

and the adoption oi a tariff of lees, which, as far as practicable, should be uniform, and prescribe a specific compensation for everv serviee whirh th fTi.

cer may be required to perform. This subject will be fully presented in the report oi the Secretary of the Interior.

In my last annual message I cave hripf? v mv r.

eons tor believing that you possessed the constitutional power to improve the harbors of our great lakes and seacoast. and the navigation ol our principal rivers, and recommended that appropriations should be made for completing such works as had already been commenced, and tor commencing

TL" '1115 ! Kt'S ",en"

1 ' " . . ... . .... 1, u . v. , k ucriu it my duty again t call vour attention 10 this important subject. The works on many of the harbors were left in an unfinished state, and consequently exposed to the action of the elements, which 's fast destroying them. Great numbers of fives and vast amounts ot property are annually loet for want ol sale and conveni nt harbors on the lakes. None but those who have been exposed to that dangerous navigation can fully appreciate the importance of this subject. The whole northwest

appeals to you lor relief, and 1 trust their appeal will receive due consideration at your hands The same is in a measure true in regard to some ol the harbors and inlets on the seacoast. The unobstructed navigation of our large rivers is of equal importance. Our settlements are now extending the sources of the great rivers which empty into, and form a part of the MU-sitsippi, mid

me vauie 01 tne puoiic lands m those regions would ' r 1 l"e Atlantic to thf p

i-cureauy ennancea ny treeing the navigation of 1 IT -u...i7 una men shortened hy.

contract hss been concluded, n'n, iv Congress at its last session, !.? f ,0; dock on the Bay of San France, ''' ::?

o.u-i.wwu mr; ir.iinncnaatinii of t; ' touching the establishment of a r ?r junction wi'h this dock on t'c'p v,:: station is highly necr ssary to the LT " ' efleciiveness ourilcet in th.-d r "

lie expected to increase wi'h r. ., ' .

n. :-i a .j .

A,ii iiut.uy ai Ar.'."' -vised and improved f-ytrn ' lords opportuniiics ol creation r'."--the pupil quite equai.it is !iievt A"""' improvement, t those r,j,.y,-d bv'ffe Militar Academy. A Inr"-e pU'.-Vi shipmcn were received at thee, wm,?"1 last academic term, and a p'i,- , , V K: attaclicd to the iiisti;utin i,7aj 'J ' ' -: means for regular instruc'.on . :,,:!. well as for cruises during the vacation, four months in each year ' . The advantages tf enr jn rsu.;

uvvii innre BtriSiir

g y lliustn I

.1. u.c mci iBlea in t:ie report oi iiie N-" I ment, that, by means ol te wi, i J cliart", projected and

ry, the Superintendent oi the NavV tT'1 1

r I

those waters from obsiruciions. ln view, there-' !

fhe estimates for t!;e nipport

a view iu ine prcvennon of trie overflows that have 1 j proved so disastrous io that region oi country, have , 58lmst 6 been nearly completed, and the rcpt.rts thereof are . "g00. now in courv ot rrepsration, and will shortly bs r

iaiu oeiore you. " The protection ol our southwestern frontier, and ' ?J of the adjacent Mexican States against the Indian : .

lore, ot thisgn-at interest, I derm it my duty again' at to urge unon Conorea t. n,t.L- t-,,k .:. 11

or these improvements as they may d-em i.i cf- I .M.4.Z 1, the cstimau-s k: sary. ' J year oeing $5,Wn ,621. Th survey r.fthe Delta of '.!,c Mississippi, with ' Jhf e!il'-8 -Wia! o' j, nr. a view to the prevention of the ovrrfln- .ht k. i ,rolot thls Ot psnment ameunt ...t

a.-iu,:iGi lerine i.ret.-mv (

occasioned by tlje ti.diti ..r.ai -'cifie coast and the Mnra,-

laid betore vou. "1 ln California, autiiorised at 'he li-i'

iiiiuTciiienis ana repairs in nnv. v

tri lies within mir Kn.,in. i... i. i ' I id machinery.

, ,i.nj muuni my earnest i j ,, . . and constant attention. Congress having laiied 1 deem it ot much importance tn a at the las. session, to adopt my recumnitndauon'.?!kc that an additional regiment of mounted men snec- hcre pfio"ld be an entire sep'.ra-; i ' . 1 1 .. . .4 ...... .1 . . . L , t . mninfltmno r . . .

nuapieu iu lusi service, should be raised, all r ' f , , upiori i i ire Pin

,iiui icni.-iiiieu io oe aone was o make the best use """ '" "i rnianrni in.i,ri. 5

01 me means at my disposal. Accordingly, all the ' ,,,u ,B a,h"9' and from ,A,S

troops adapted to that service, that could properly he 1 spared from other quarters, have been concentrated on that frontier, and officers of high reputation selected to command them. A new arrangement of the military posts has also been made, whereby the u-oops are btought nearer to the Mexican frontier, and to the tribes they are intended to overawe Sufficient time has not yet elapsed to realize all the benefits that are expected to result from these arrangements, but I have every reason to houe that thfv will cflt..ll l u .1.-2 ."H.

, ..... t, .inn. int-ir nia oUGiiicr i 1 , . r exncdttiona. Thn mmr. nt ii, 1 ...?i 1 be length ot the foreign mni

Lr." rJ1 ll?e pi an army, and j 'V, JA

remarkably well adapted ,0 this predating X "i rj -47?;IS7' nf whi"h are; and we can scarcely hoie that any military u.V "' anment, anii $J u r. iorce combined with the greatest vigilance, can ,h n" h the ' SV'y am'"ntennrely suppress it. w' The annual transportation k,; , Bv the treaty of (inad.lnn. HiA.t. - 1 States, (excluding.the service m( r,:;.:-r

bound to piotect the territory of Mexico aaainst i e".' aH, U ,bow? f,.,r llie lir' t""c, rt, the incursions of the savage tribes within ou -XT- fmbce1 the tabular state,,,, ,;s If ;'

acr with equal diligence an 1 energy" as if the same were made within our territory or against our citixens 1 have endeavored to comply, as far as possible, w i-h this pro vi, ion of the treaty.

'i"Te Eiveu to me officers commanding

mail service, and other special ohjec'

iuc on (jci visum 01 mis Department. The report of the Postmaster G-n- -a' communicated, presents an inter sting v

UICUU At the close of the last fiscal ycat.'e

linn iiiiiir-e w n n Tie iinttpn ....

m'les; the annual transportation Urcrm- t miles; an d the annual cost of suc-'i t-" $3,121,754. "v

. 1 . r w will 111 mi 111 I II V on that frontier to consider the Mexican territory and us inhabitants as equally wiih our own enti t.ed to their protection; and to make all their

clauses desigaed lor the protection of our own cii lens apnly also to thous of Mexico. 1 have ;i

.1 1 - 1 -v mane an ineir plans and arrangements wnb a view to the attainment ot ihis object. Instructions have also been given to the Indian commissioners and agents

,1 in uu ireailes. tn ninlt., tho

ti-

resson 10 doubt tha

Ii dy carried into eflect. Nevenheless, it is Pr ba- ' ln oPlte of 8,1 our clTurts, some of the neighboring S-ates of Mexico may have suffered' dfan3r 6 ,rm tiePredllti')n8 the In To the difficulties of dtlcnding our own terriory,as above mentioned, arc superadded, in defending that ol Mexico, those that 0rl8e ( om its remoteness, from the fact that we have no right to station our troop, within her limits, and thatthere

cU.uclll nmury lorceon the Mexican side to co-operate with our own. Sn l . .k;!

continue to be the case, the number and activity -of ourtrooosw rntlir- in. .u. i:r : 01

evil, as the Indians ViiT'namra ly turn towards that country whew they encounter Uie lTan resist ance. Yet those troops are necessary to subdue hem, and to compel them to make and orTrve treaties. Until .this shall have been done, neUh ThM'1 enjy Fl? 'ro" tiieir attacks Ihe Indians in Caiforni. wi. k.j : i

appeared of a peaceable character, and di-posed to

...... ......c., oi .i-rai bcis 01 nostility. As a lartrc potuonot the reinlorcemen's sent to the Mexicfn fZ'enrnler,;d.ran,the racif,c' the mUiiary 7 T e.,a ,0"ed- thefe s considered cntirt 7y inadequate to its defence. It cannot bn incrcaej however, without an increase of the army; and 1 fhJ rf co,mmEnd JhV measure as indi.-ptni.blo is the protection ol tho frontier.

1 invue your attention to the suggest

ment I j f 1. . t.i 1. . 1 "

miles, at an increased cost ol .'i47.Jki The whole numlcrof pft States, on tl. 30th clay of Jmtc !a'.There were 1,618 post offices csta1' ., , discontinued, during the year. The gross revenues of the Ih-vif-fiscal year, including the m,l,..;'"

franked matter of Congress, of ti l ,;r

""vl """-ns vi vrovernnicnt. and exi: tra eign postages, collected tor, and rw "V Umtsh post office, amounted to nXexpPndil",e9 for tne sanie'rw.id i f 20..599 49, paid under r.n award 0: w 111 pursuance of a resolution ol ,b !"t C for m-ii rsrvice on ti e O.ijo ?r.d V;t;j..-.. in 1S32 and 1S33, anu the amount psia w"; lsh post ttiice lor fortign posw-a c . psyahie to that office) annimied to $ic:4. paving a balance of reven:i over tne w perdi'.urea of the year of $703,299 The receipts for TKjstJg.s VtirirgtVT.cJutlinff the foreign pMtag(-a col e.-ttd; ri bletothe Britieh post cflice) arptmnteVtA .47 21, being an increcsc of ?., tlT Tl. bj-100 per cent, over ihe iil-.e r-ctlrs!;: ceeding year. The rednrtinn if rwi, .,...1 .. .l-... .

i last, did not take eflect until the comraer"-!

tne present fiscal year. The accounts ie quarter, under the operation ol the red a. will not be settled before January nei'ts: liable estimate of the receipts tor t'.e f.can yet be made. It is believed, however. : will tall far short ot those ot the las', j--surplus of the revenues now on hands if. so large that no further appropriation Irotrt: sury, in aid of the revenues ot ilu n.

required lor the current fiscal year; l.tnati al appropriation lor the yenrendin" Jsn ? will probably be found necessary w". cr. ttet t the first 1 wo quarters of Ui.- Sucai ti: ascertained. ln his last annual report the Por'narftv recommended a reduction oi' pos ui ra the deemed as low as could La pr u. '.v t nln f '

uiiirra iopies8 wji9 prepared f

c u 11 ci. mill fin ni nnra . r i . 1 - . --v in-ioiur, 11 ri mik Miiiii'tri m 1 v 1;:'

ment, in tho report ef the Secret-.ry of War l'Ml 1 f"'" "i'Vrd -,han pquivaki.t to the -;t i The appropnations for the support of the army 1 11 V u" Lho G"vernmrnr. '!' " durma thn mrwnt 6.1 .. Validations of the Postmaster tieneral. n r

f'-rrr.-l 1.1 1 1 .

. . .... , cuu ln,. i,,rK h., i 1 .

13 1 . r.

u reu-n-nce o me Keport or the Secretory of the Wn7' ".T111,1 n that the aggrega . re'i , " lor th, last fisca year amounte,! to $:i.3i j 071. - luU ,he MmV in Treasury on ".he l' July, 18S0, gave, as the available means lor the i t ar, the sum ol .iS,iH7,521 $S.st.rend5rare9 ,or ,he ame I he total imoorts f,r the year ending 30th June, ltol, wt re m noOf which there were in specie, '4 Ot which theie were ot 'w.,i-5ii domestic products, $17S.Nt5 -- roreigngrnxls re-exported 9 73S6P5 biC10 etV231,&

Sine thn i.ti n .... , . f-'.-."'l.Kf,i

-.... ... ,,;,-v.m,r last tne Dr.vnien'a i

rfrr

1 . 1 i " i"t-fwii iirno hf.'

I uu. B-!inor:t?-o any one to remiv .H. . I'.'.'

J lT lw to lie dcDOsited in

mg lieen tiled there, the TO.

This

ise direct

irre-i. nave amounted to $7,5ol,4;,6 5,;. whi -h lowevcr. mc tides the sum of it j.vl ' 1 ' ier the 1 th arncl of .he , "i.rrAl .H"'

the tunher sum of f 2 591.213 45. g 'VhV aVn'ount ol awards to American ritiT.-na .i... "ount

'V viith Meyco, tor which the iVsne of ct "-k w Treyd' blU H,'ich " 1,aidin htromhe The rublic debt nn tho ?o.k ,;t.: .

the stk anfitirised to he iiued to Tex 9 1't hi

.i'--"i 1, k-.w, was f bi'.jiO.SUS

. a-.i oo,Y.;NA "1 u ' "te estimated

. .,. : - ""ri-ui v , mi me .nirn j

" Al. wlllSlVe. .4 th i,r.,h, .1

tiie Treas'trv, not hav

...1..1C live minions have not been issued

asi amount ot t ie oi.l- .. .0 1. .

hyamodincmnonhS.8"aU W1

s.cific dutVh..reve" therticlc i m S Tn nf such a character as to permit i nJ ,h uf

ine numerous frmta

pursuiu of social

Along the Mexican frontier, and in California and Oregon, the? have been occasional man ?eTtationsot untriendly feeling, and some denredaUons commuted. 1 am satisfied, however, that thy resulted more from ,he desiitute and starving wndi.

?ns progress towanis them? The 22 lZl ?J L"?.!," encing 1st July

they mainly rely for subsistence is driven eff or de S roycd. and the nn r in..ii.. i-r. r .

j , aiw aiui iiiiiivp ifir 1 1 (imm

starvation or plunder. It becomes us to consider 1.1 vie wot this condition of things, whether justS and humanity, as well as an enlightened rconomT do notreqiitre that, instead of seeking to punish thrm for otl.-nces which are the result of oiHtJ policy towards them, we should not provide fi" their immediate wants and encourage them m it Z sre;e.,VrnCM.""rPV8n',1 to rpl"cn "ieiri.ncT, in. stead of tne chase, for thn menus of smmnrt

wiih "i'ntr"""'8.' ' h V beerT negotiated

..... i,,m;B ouring me year, by whi

next and ending T. -7

showin? a reduction of ffl.l6i.4q2 '

The Board of Commissinnnra

agemtnt of the affairs ot the Military Asylum erewed by the act of 3d March last w-af euu,"d have selected a site for the ratnWi.h . --"L'

which

extinguished, all of whioh ...in

cation. ""mec to u,e benate lor raUG-

The

line

that rear, the sup, of ,"0 "W nMM lor It has been deemed nnn ;n r .l.

expenditurra conquent urxin the acquisi.ion r-xt fiscal year should h l.tri kr. !.u.

lich ... J;". i:11'"7 '-oiTRress in

remiii iE " ", r ne espendmirea so

Uon the 1 reasury.

theSI,. ... .rjlMr m the report of

ere

custom timiM V 1. "na the

dor k me same arlic es tin.

nee 01 the most fl,ar.. .k, ... Jj. "V "" rx

Tt,:, ... . , unurr ineexislincr IHIS practica BV.a on if.l. . .

pieseiii law, :ion of some

laws.

c.m.bincd wi,r,hecianeJnrr of ,!ie,.p-;t law-! f ill. : ."" '"ng?ning condition of

or our incre..in"rl.,",ta",'n? .gn markei

'taions, has ind.TrH r..'"UB'u,ra nd P.r-

required from the otherwise r,. . ".'T.

Km the 1 rv,,f ' .niui

The total expenditures for the next fiscal ...t" ?.K,i

fOint C-mimis-ini. mulrr il. .. r

lure Hidalgo has been actively .gedYn tunn X and nia,k, ,2 the boundary lu between the Cnited feu tcs and Mexico. It waa stated, in ti e

,17.. Interior, th.. the

. .L ; 1 . . "'to me point ot junction of the U.la with the Colorado river had blX . Z l ndfi.t,he "rtVenir line- abou' " hundred and fifty miles in length, tun and marked by temporary monument., yinee Ume t monument ol marble has been erectod at the imUa P .inland permanent landmarks of iron havabn P'id ?t iuitable distances along the line firin.i'Yi;"1 Pint.on Kio Grande has also been tixed by the commissioners at latitude 32 22' and nf,V.e.;a:ekJt,,e ,B9t wnmniciion the survey VOdltxtavl u .

one hundred and filiv mil. m .,.,;i.i ' 1 ..7"i

t .e copper mines. The commission on our part was at first orRsmied 011 a scale which experience proved to be unwieldy and attended with unnecessary expense l.'rdjTs have, therefore, been issued for the reduction of the ntim.-er of persons employed within the s nallest limits, consistent with Hie safety of those etigasred in tho service, and the prompt and efficient

t.fcuuon 01 inetr important duties.

nut. ww wHimoH fJr li., .... letter cos-size exerni nn I

ted by the Dep.riment. nd Oregon, 'were sub.-tantir.::-; .

reduction is a cnnnirWnMo ' . . . V-'Citne last Congress. He now rcenmmr"'- i

invite your early attention. w wnl"i I ence to the present loiter rates, and adv-.ff

ine expenditures of ihi rw,n.,... """cuon iin-u lUftiina rv

HiQo,k 1 il". F.....ri ,r uie n, th. nrntr:mnf

He also recommends that tbe rat;o! V'

primed matter be so revised as to rctitt simple, and more uniform in their up all classes of printed matter. I s-Ahv.i

mendations ot the report to your hvo-tt.i

ciu'-rmion. The public statutes of the TTni'iJ 5

Asylum in the vicinity of this city wh th IL iL I nT "cumulating lor more th.ir si.vy

approved by me. subject to the t.rnVw.: 7 . i Bna' lmerepcrd witri private ac'?, ate islnctorv title. J ptoduchon of a eat-1 through numerous volumes, and, lr m

Ihe report ol the Secret. r,i,. v :. ,,,e wno'e "tve become a'mosi iptcttr-i.-tt

massot the community. 'Itify is

I tuc mcongruity and imiie necti- a

SliOn. Aa il go. mo f.i l.n renrrl' V !'

iy ; that there is no common law nt tlic I'rr.tf

tne dclecLc o( men n 2i?iation, 1

that that legislation .-.."ii.u fc a . drhninrj every nowfr ir'n

receiyeH tho r,;.t i.;.J l .1 ' "umy Bna 1 conferred, every crime intended to be n f

eraiity of our interenuTse ri. ij-hab e, and preserving the r,n

hibit the condition ol . ,V n, V;'" r..?J" ! i P

np-rvision of that iv TUK1!"m 0

. 1 "nvai mrce irpir

... ... IH present year In. Ko.. .,;....

and usefully employed in civina .ir.it.,.,;.,,, .

widely extended ...rf ire7.i." VJ' ! 10 nPPr

" iicact cvri n tifrn nirimAii tha

power ot the nation.

The

.-hment

In addition to some narti-mlar cei-

anu tne digm'y end flicted

f of more at Irntrlli. th.

it? expedition commanded by Lieu'enant Ue ' lamentably detective. Some oriences s p llaven, despatched m search of the British com- teetly described, am! others are etitl.vir 1 .V. ?hn nklin, and his companions 1 that flaeTant crimes may be commit'ed r in the Arctic beas, re nrned to iVcw York in the "y- Thescale .if punishment is nol in

ii'i.ui o uciooer, alter Having undoreone great ! graduated according to the degrre raJ

peril and suffering Irom an unknown and Hanir.r.

ous navigation and the rigors of a northern climate, Without any satisfactory information of the objects of their search, but with new contributions to science and navigation from the unfrequented polar regions. The officers and men of the expedition having been all volunteers for this service and having so conducted it as to meet the entire apDrobation of the Government, it is suggested, is .n

ances 01 extra pay and emo iimont. . j .

the officers and men 1

them that were made to .h. ",J,uueu l0.

luting in the late exploring expedition ,0 the

1 earnestly recommend to your attention tho

vuti in nirn iiiiLnPitaMi uuiirs. lmoi .-J jia ing TPleTPnrt in Returns have been received from all th. nfTi. I J"Sanaa,7. rather than

rnuaged in taking the census in the Slates aud Ifoe.XJ . Berv. "td mr retiring from the ef.

'I he superintend- mcomZtT? may be

- ' Hiiuiiuance 01 active duty As a measure nf nwnnm. n Vi. As

this, arm f tk. - . we" w cmciency in mia arm of the service, the provision last mention ThT,en"? Wrthy y"r insider, "on " nv Lfe rmiI,'Uon the questions of relative rank between the sea officers and civil nffi.X

.nrf hmt. il- , .

1 -'n viucers 01 tne arm the y.rinlia frrarlAa 1. ii .

" .r " cnc" win also merit

1 erruorics, except t. am irma,

eni empioyea 10 mime tne enumeration in that State has not yet made his full report, from causes as he alleges, beyond his control. This failure hi rr uch to be regretted, as it has prevented th. ?

cretarr ol the Interior from making the rl..ni.i

apportionment of representatives amnnr. tk. u...

as required by

is hoped however

sntol representatives among the State. 1 .2 1 by ihe act approved May 23 1850 he M-r' wever that the returns will iJS J1 1 ,n

-.or. j- .

vinuera oi me armv and

1 r 1 1 1 rnn m 1 1 1 . v t -w . ."no at 1 outni 111 ixrn uri 1 1 .-,, .

ceived. and no time will th.n k Tr. :1 06 re." your attention. The fail, tn IZ J 'T'J'r11

the oflence. and

the different modes ot imprisonment, or nary confinement, in the different States.

H -8 of Permanent character m

miiuui.io mio appropriation bills, s;:a i ai cult to determine whether the pirtict: expiree with the temporary actol witicint-'1 or continues in force. It has also Inqaf paned that enactments and provision- 0: been introduced into bills, with the title w -( eabject of which they have limp or no or relation. In tl-.-la mrtn nf in.-.;. -:i,-o '

enactments b.vn luun .n 04..''

. ...u . 1 . iico(ir.u uj.i' ' . often with but littU mn., iiat. '

.uuciur;iaui,u' ,

instances, it is difficult to eearcu oU4cv! what is the law.

Tha Government of the United S:atel

icaaiy a government of written laws. 1. should, therefore, as far as practicable, ncj u made accessible to all, but be exirc.-sfd in ' so plain and simple as to be understood br ' arranged in such method as to five persf1"every subject. Many of thn ftaics ha e

their public acts with great and minify J

unu x itcumiaena mat provision oc iJu j

-"- "t'Kviiiiiiiriiv u. a COIIIIlilai.i'n iv -. public statutes of the United States, arrar: rln order, supplying deficiencies, conectj'i? gntitiea, simplifying their language, ana11'

iuciu 10 congress lor its action. ,. An act of Congress approved 30th SeFc 1850. rnntoinn . ....,,;,.,. ,,,, .l. .-rTlr.'

-1

1 wmmv u jriv'Wivii 1V1 uiv -