Indiana American, Volume 19, Number 2, Brookville, Franklin County, 3 January 1851 — Page 3

GOVERNNIVS MESSAGE.

-fifcr Ce"?Trfthen-wr Rcprc.ru,,,, I v.. j I vTsu ambled, according to the yon hiw P nc ,itution, ,0 deliberate uppMTiioni n - Connected wi-.h ! U";"vWColirt!li.tlo,Jil Vour jott.townf'" , - mi?e m hpart C(. " Jr.. . that .kted to advance the j . ' u .i,.i is ra'cuiatea to aavance me t

operation i 'V" , s,st. ! " " m resource but taction, we have firtef.rtlt t '"he nation ha, been ! "U ,,,a,,'d-cf deb.. In principal Porin h eThaneS" T it. Chief Magi., i 'V?'-,he of $2,529,156, and hare r,iri nrftotMfl bMeand sturdy., J nXrrn rn , f"E . inclnclipgihe trtte. Z''PS Death suddenly ended an.n"y interest, lf-51. the som cf fT.W,2CT:

n"''-consequent upon the apita- t tomf J ofgohjects, the complexity : lfeM 0f which, are unparalleled in irf import n,,,,,,! quietly np-l

oornrew".'- majtv 0r the ConstituHon 1 1 j u i ' ITVpne system, thesavin efTVceaaaotb J . wiom thereof, were sub- b? '-""ial sessions of the Leg isltre, and .' fited Thev "Pnlied the place ,,J.n,,enr frp" ' Msoa .mi

-hK delUl raa m - nlT. r twentv milliaos orfreemen, passed - " . bands; ,et the chanw. in "D':r.-V I' .r.ed to chasten airitation.

serveu .u ...ru s"-,;mrpd .:,h j : ' 'L,""

TrTAT !r f general sorrow, in view of the na enl bJteavement, were predominant, and the r. .vhibited a;me me pa.r.ou ,'"" t.k.nle- the streseth and cranceur orour rJvern"ent, end it. efficiency to meet I f r- rrisis which can arise. Terv emerge m., . , ... During the last vear we hare enmved within ear borders, the blessings cf general health. In meprl8or the State, we were visited with .u.. ,Iih!. disease, the Cnolera, which, in oth.iinna of the country, has ca carried eff thonet portions oi i"" ' vt thrcnf1! the mercies cTan ever-rn tiMrroviceDCe, but few among us fell victims rt theMstrorer. With this exception, the past ,TWrhiw hero one of health, happiness and geitttl prwperiiy. Xolhing has transp-red since your adjourn.mwt, to interrupt the regular aciion of all the .dtMr'.nwnts 0f government. The laws have :)eeaklir,1"y administered, respected and cbcyI m rratified In being able to say, that the Vcessry means to meet cur January interest, tusbetn promptly advanced by our fellow ciliirns, through the energy of our coo nty collector, without borrowing of the hanks. For the promptness with which our collectonhsve responded to the call of the State Trranret.it h right that yon authorise the Auditor and Treasurer to make them some compensation. The fintncial condition of the State Is still mprovirgThe ordinary expenses of the State Government, for fi sea! year ending the 31st day cfOcnober,185, were $S3,6I5 10. The expenditures for the ensuing year, ex!siveof the expenses of the Convention, are climated, by the Auditor ct irtate, at f mi.imiii mew now amount o. revenue pam ,n o ,ne State Treasury, during lh- past year, on all ceootp. was 450,4?1 76, which pxrppcis mAnnl rf lh nnTinti) vpnr 197 9 TV 1 ..l.,.nrt..,hl.r.eonrir . tslnr. r .edfor 1S50 Is fl343 ihicb is a inXTfT. , , . . 1 , . -I- I 149,956, being an increase over last rear, ci 6,'6 - I concur fully with the Ancitcr of State, in mottearnest'y calling your attention to the subject of an improvement in th revenue system. vVhrte the property of the man cf moderate means, the farmer, the mechanic, and the day laborer, is, from II? vety character, t xposed to the ey or the Assessor, and is such as to enable him to estimate its value with acroracy, it cannot be doubted lhat a larce amount of invisible properly, consisting of corporation stocks, mousy and credits, entirely escape taxation. The whole amount of corporation s'ock assessed in the Slits Tot ihe current vear,:s - 516; when, taking Into consideration our no-j merous Flank Roads, Hail Roads, River improve-

uivuw-, .u.uiouvc .uuiiiQui,un(i .Miinuiacsories, sesied for municipal purposes, is relumed (ft a much higher rale of valuation, than when listed by the county Assessor. In New Albany, the cily ssrs.-ment exceeds ihe ronntv asssssnif.n. in tUa -r tf.o...i n..o ia Madison bv the sum or 40?. ;.. l'.' i dianapolis, f65T.990; making a total excess in ' these three cities alone, cr n:ore than one and a ! btlf millions cr dollars. Individual instances of erroneous assessment, aiefamilirr to all. A case has been brought to i Ibe attention cf the Executive, where the pro-1 petty ofacitizen was valued by the county As- I sesorat'.hesumoff:o,525;and uponbisoeath.i the same prepay was valued, in the K!tler...,. ofhii eststA .i thv. oi-? , mere is.lso a great inequality in the assessaenl .or lands in contiguous counties; to rectify , whh.can m,!v be aocura.ely done bv a Stale1 Bcfequaltton, cr by Boards in lhe sevev( Coo(rresional districts : Thetrse reme.!y Tor this state or thing., I ' the adoption of a system to assess, at it trssh : wine, every species" or real and nersonal estate: !" nchaoceasin a sitisle year, in cursUter State. ' vhw, increased the eeprepate amount of the l.: . . . taxable of thst State, from one hundred and : fifty mi!J;oas, to four hundred end ten millions, f dollars. Let the Assessor furnish rnch taxpayer a blank form, to be filled tip bv himseir, jlh an enumeration vT bis property, to be veri- . nedby ealh or affirmation; aort on rerosal au- ' thorite the Assessor lo adM to ihe valuation such per centum as may be re, m. d necessary. Under such a system, we sn;, not onlv equalize the burc.ens or the people of i!,c State, but swell cur total of taxablee lo at least two hundred millions or dollars, thereby enabling us to reduce the pr-wnt rate or taxation. Property and wealth are the true bases or taxation, and tho pnWic burdens should rest upon them. Owing to the construction orvarious works ot Internal Improvement, and other causes, the Waeof real estate is constantly rhangi.ig, and lnt assessments, under any svstetsi, will be necessary. The last valuation or real estate was jnadelnl'Nifi, aud to secure an equalization of the bordeu. of the Slate, a re-appraisement is Imperative!, required. As the Atsessors have aright to commence making assessments ihe first i,r January, ir it i igned to change the present system, it is sngfled that .tec, be immediately taken to postJasni'i 8wm'nl ""'il the" first or March tofZS lh ro,i,eD f Mr- Meredith, U. S Warn. IL . n,omtt-ivised, though the latin. .L:.,o,crpre.'l.h"t our ,,tire w lsjo 1 -,uiw, being m increase, since lSid -r -.u.iu, oeitig an increase, sii . J, or npwarps or ,n" b"" J hundred thousand. "total valuation or Real Estate, ram.ino im. i Ration or Real Estate, rarming im somVI r ,Ud liVe ,tocl' "c'wive or other per- ' . aixty-thrw-min::.. """ "'". '" ai.tr .... " """-ons oi dollars, for lav..;- .r entire assessment tcrimonaof lftVhis were added other deMioa lllxx Tr.' Pr,,Ppf,y. "r entire v.lunS.10 ,r fs lhawo hundred and -.- "...imuK ot conars. t. .VL hih'.r ei'n owes inoi tha ins insinai ...... . "V ; ! . ot nis country, titan tl..i n' k. rsv-ernmeo TJ " .h" bor,, fc, , ,he food man will .r B,,d P"'8 him. No government Wh F.S t!" !",,port f i. . . " " he pays, be should n.v rT" "What he h;.onn.j;.. llh; and he will on Clare no occasion refuse to ceits yo. w a, J.. rji rn.' 0"rrn5"to rorthe ailesem . "n,t Ptala. v.n. TT""nand collection of von, oorii r.. . J"" "otain ine lust orn. kih; " . ",ch y will obtain the it.slr.rn. . .ceo. pon the entire we. lib r .1.1 ,. .- . i -r'wuis. - " 1 v. ills' 1 more PJtnt crthe ... j Jl m'UCUo" and final PUyvien, fu! 9 rf:ibt Tn? riir onto debt. m that wt annually reduce their 'Id when wemh' "URh 10 1" "'nVing "'w and cot!.-. i as em, "sv.eu me ! revenue levied upon the h.v. . " . ,na P"Prty of the State, we .1..11 weaitt, and a. .k. . suoieci. nt nw-n ...... "'""."oii trkateornerolevnd I. J rPWicd.hto.-k.',.-'--".'- ""7'nr,"lt - " Tniieeu I Mht can be henone..) is the ea I. L " , 'nc'l- Simp! tax 'Wet nnnlie.1- i i "n1 "r as can he,

it issafe to estimate the value oi this description i - - V " ?" 10 'V'r""r wnu n n-.u-ofproperty.atnot less than three millions or Mrorporal.ons are organized, and Tor which dellgrg. Pwer or tnxatton is granted to them; and lom.nM.o .1,. , . l"'1 to local emberrassmenls and difficulties

Id the establishment ot a hoard to manage the i l!ilS 'T r f:,a,'. "i the ofone

electee! b the people, wonld he ffcient. The power given should he fS" ,'" ,h" r surplus rB rfr cw , ' "e "ne-l ability of the State may be seen h"1 wwr.ptleh-d In the last nine yen", commencing with the suspension of cur .Y V" "i 'l'! ; r" -ein. in inni period. i .1 . . . f , ' 0,,,,,,u i me oroinnry txpenses addition to the s"n "qnivalent to one-half onr v - JT" f mreMriness. Jf year 1?53. with the improvements S,a be al l ,,,, be alle w i-hin tha, ve,r to ,pprpprill,. ,e ! nf $lW,r.r0 to the PHvme.,, of .V ! i n in rrt i iiirt lf-ti m w '' , .V'' " '"r .'re,Bn rt' foreign debt. A ihu l... k ' .-mV'TnuTTlX i fl'O.WO. that the annual increase of re.Mie wll ! be three per centum, (hot the sum or l(in linn

L. ' "It...

. ' "i.'" ----- .........iicn ii, ,ne iienoris ni iti

1 V, ,"V."rr tvr ry , Z"? JT' h"' "I"? be "T i Icreased every rear il,erean l,r .K. ,i; 1 .milium ( i lorrt ase. ann ine anicunt saved in the inter.st account Under snch an estimate. and 1 belivee it entirely practicable, the public debt w ill be liquidated n seventeen years from the first payment. To show still rorther the prac ticability or wiping cut the d-bt or the Slate at an early day. a table has been prepared by the Auditor or Slate, on a different basis, for which : yon are relerre.no his rvport. We are nrcressin- remJIr .i.h .r ! . . . i pnhlic improvement. imnn-An.nn T tK . . ' (have completed Four hnndred miles of plank ...i. Roads which have cost r-,m . c , ' , Vj i. " m twp,ve o twentyfive hundred do '.,irs mile. There Bre pnme t'.Ve hunted miles additional surveyed, and in i in ( progress. We have two hundred and twelve miles of Railroad In successful operation; of which one hundred and twenty-Tour were completed the past year. There are more than one thousand miles surveyed, and in a state or progress There is no evil to he apprehended from this expenditure of money and labor upon Plank roads. The profits go to our own people, and consequently no surplus, Tor the payment of interest on loans, goes out or the country. So long as we confine our operations and expenditures upon Railroads, and works of a similar character, to individual enterprise and capital, we have the surest guaranty that the investment will be made upon works of such a character, ks will pay liberally for the cost or their construction. While it is not the province or Ibe Executive to dictate lo his fellow-eiti2ens to v hM tVrnT work - ' Lisbon Id be direct J. still s. JL L I j proper to mv, nt .Ms lime ti hen thp mind of he i r.lll.lir ita Crt vlrnfn!.. 1 a . '1 l . . - - ...K ....-.-u .o raiircra entertlact oflbeJkh oe - rs and the pnh ic, when constructed, n i l h- . ,.,. " ' sorb the capital and energy or the co nntrv : ...... ...... ... iu i.niti ue appropriate.! to greater advantage in works of a more general character. And il is to befearrd that there is too great a disposition to carry on these works by subscription cf corporate cities and counties. From the evidence berore me, there is new one million nr t'ollars or corporate stock taken, in the State, in railroads, bv cities and connties; and frrm the present excitement in different parts of the State, the amount will be largely increased the coming season. Sound policy cie'ates that no municipal department however wealthy, should become s- . k V V ti CP"!1:,nK5.' r"r Pur' " r . a l,Pn,rr.wl',n "f ,h" i r a .1 . - . . . t,,..-- i''".'.!'?. ii. Fu.'ti nnroosrs. j , " " mchU,e tl,le became uiw,.".ni.. j If we shall hold a firm and steady hand; confine Investments to our public improvements to im'iviriusl Capital and enterprise; show .1. !:-.. . . capitalists at home and abroad, bv onr rcL"" T" . , w,ori!,,,nt determined to !"Jh r"y. pt engagement,; lhat we regard Slate and County credit, not as mere enif! - v Sound and promise, bu t that which is r;al "'! ".V'T ' a"",'1 "rXh Pserx ing;- ' WP S.h!,!'. 1 tn?'m W!" M-acily mov, TZTV ,!,rr "fw W', , dev,VI!r J T ProP"r nn'1 'ime, B.,,d. b- "able.l to present Ihe greatest rhain of Improvements, of any State in the T" " r lW rww P0'"1 r " o h ZS ''I rT . rP ! P ,h" PP" bonv.ds, .l the moment ITZ' " I. "? " n'T king Ibe w hole map or the State with Rail- " ''T e,B,M "i-i r 'he co.porate s'7 k 1 r,ro"' " ri'!" a,,,! ,ptt ns,,i'" trough ,Y',iM' bnl '"'""'n t.t advance this cr thnt worl: . ,nnl .'. """" P""1 fr years in come, tun. w e nan to. or port . tn ro,tr v o ttovo had such a lesson on this subject, that we should be justly chargcabl with a hok of prudence, if we sgain fall into a like difficulty, without having maue some exertion to avoid snch a disaster. I recommend H your consideration the propriety of making tffei.nt prcvisit-n by law, for taking nn annual staiislicel account or Ihe Agricultural, and other industrial products of the Stale, in their greet material features. Hardly any subject cr domestic policy can be more important, whether we regard Its effect upon our internal policy, or upon the just weight and character otitic Slate, as a mmber cr the ronrederacy. The attention or wise men has long been directed to this subject. Not only has one or more of our sister Slates taken some action, but the General Government is proposing to lend its aid in accompliseing the object. But while I approve the spirit which we must suppose actuates and influences the General Government. I douht the expediency of rel ying solely npon ils action. Why should we lie continually looking to the Capital of the nation for information as to our own wealth, resources, and means? This Is a subject of economy in its largest sense; Involving ihe certain knowledge of our material interest and nbility. Such knowledge Is of the first importance to Ihe successful prosecution of Inriividua land subordinate busleess affairs; but it is of vastly greater consequence lo ihe just regn'ation oTltic collective Interest or the Slate. It should therefore be acquired bv the State, under its own laws, and '"ph i own ImPnf ss this measure undoubtedly is, it accompnsn it, at inning expense, a a . . ... . Hereon oi siadstics can be eneratled nnon il.o

rffice of Secretary or Slate, or some other Slate I Our policy is lo rely upon our own resources office, sn.l the nroper Blanks may be prepare ' ralhcr than urmn any aid Irom the Gener.1 t..obv such hereati. ami transmitted Ihence to the vernment. While we do Ihis.our Interests are county Assessor, or some other county effice, undislutbed by Ihe shocks ar.d struggles or poto be by Ihem filled, as i rescrihed by law, and , Htica! parl.es Our rlr. i gill and our Indepenretnrned to the Central rfiiice. to be" complied Felice lie In our great agricultural and manuracfor the Inrormnlion trthe General Assembly '"ring resources. U e want mor. knowledgeThus could be ascertained the number or acres we want a map wh.ch not only define our bounor land under cultivation; the quantity or cereal daries our area-our corporate subdivisions, grain and olher crops produced; the number or and the courses of -ur r.yers-but we want a horses, cn-tle. hog. sheep. &c, the number or , mP which will tell us the depth of our coal . I . ,' .1.. . , I...II.1.S r..s .me iron liirnacea

mi Us and m.nnfsclnr es: the amount of can tal and value or machinery employed therein; and the aggregate annual prodncs, vepeemlly In bread -Sinn's: statistics ol the more impoatrnt branches of mechanical labor; of the extent and - . 1- l.i ..... . i r Iprogress ot iiaiironus, 1 11.1m minis, vion., vs.i., L:.? . .... ! ... .;i.. i,w 1 "ii" me. n;.mv .. . ... Vt. . . , with any olher Hems r great and eesentlal Value t In this wav we mav recelx-e annual inrorma- ,.., .... ...r '"' J? , " ., . A I.". 1'.".' . .b. ! hnmber cr leacners, nunioer v.. pup. is in u..v....n,.i-, ... :. L..". ; . ..nV. ' .u. t ,h Ullllll-V. " ... r........ ... n..... - pav cf . . ,u k.t r . l. .a .. Ifm.Tiieii", ... Rlllll i, ..i.i'n w.ni n , schools, the condition of the School rand, and full details of the operation ofyour entire school system. Thus can be established a system of practical statistical Inrormatfon, relative to Ihe resources j and capital or the State, highly Interesting in a mora, .., eocial aspect, ami very important In lis bearing npon oar domestic policy, ami upon the character and credit of th Stale eenerallv. It wo.ihl afforrl m oreat nleasure if Indiana ..!.. ...... - ...i .1 f ...nh a I system, as a permanent part of our domestic policy. The Stale Univerity, and the other lu.tiin-1

: -f ... ...

More than two I onrired vonnlr ine M,"0Bi " 7 onp men have been . , " ..un.ireo young men have h c" n''ndanceal ,he 'flVrent coller the State, during the a " f" " know that ateverv' sub t f. question to the ballot bo J. there h. h-- ' tested by the neoi.le nn ni . . . , th. f..P,',P! T." .,ncafl"e Interest for ","M'ui '5,a,ii,si m"" of miform , pym of common school wngnape tlat where trmns moral cultivation is 1 nepUc.ed.therel.re. I hi; . j Zr! onefe. It i, the ohvinn. " Z' VX"Sr 1j .una L u V I VI vernment to provide rr the eiincation of the whole people; and tlit, to secure Beneral InteliiEence amoiie men, they should berin to leiirn h.le1l,ey are children. It Is, therefore, beconot'B in us, as rePresettives rr the people, to concentrate all our efforts r.-r the MstaNMiment cf common fcheols in every nniphhorhood for ... m.provenieni of everv child in the F,-hot.l """'ii. in wnicn should Mem or pvef-r dividn r aWcia e internHse R ' If,:? l ten,. It i. ?K?X : " r it ip mnniv iniiititiiAi.a 1 1 te,i. n.. ,u L '"1" " 0P WM ?rom- ! " "- VB " 'r,",,,: V we Py l the bb.ro" the .I r:; hJ! uYour attention i r, hIa ', , i sncffestlo.,, v......;.. ... I ";,m,na cnperiutenriantu ilour benevoent , ly r::,lB.V?"'; ' "t"-- to her porula- r tio,, iks. j r PPu,a rr...!... ....... i . . . . i ' nl nil .tnnncA m ,.-....1 nuiouer oi mules

by thirty-three per j filed and bound, U w.,rV'7 v m the Union. In this w5r, w shall Vne . J w. that o. the e,ire!sum,

cent.than any other State ' c mm oi ine enure numncr wnicn nave been placed In Hie Insane Asvlnm. n-tlliiii civ n, .1.- r .L .. ty percent, have been cured- and nf il iT .enter the Institution witM-i'om. " "n u , ......... - nuum ui me Biiacs.iijf cominir insane. eiol.. ' .'' - '"r Bn,r .b I their friend- rlo' j . " ,u 1 c,0'''d. dn heir right mind. e - i ir gni aiaw . .i w - . J .vtj Willi 111111 in t . , uhuu li.-t luiii ir llinilrtufl . IK irnrilttf nl ull n T.. . : a , . -J "" i"""-"-iiy , - i'eu oy inoiana, In admitting into her benevolent institutions, all classes and C0KtWwn Ulirpr,htp r.U'V; -...,eU oy inoiana, In Brimming ol rea,H trt r... T. . u Z T.V5" ' 1 out regard to property, has been followed by .. ... .. fm; .nose tnai liavo not, are now mal- lug efforts to occupy the sme ground. I These Institutions are the monuments or Indiana's benevolence, and it is your duty, as no doubt It will be your pleasure, to sustain them by liberal appropriations. No part or Ihe burdens imposed on our people, are paid w ith more ! Cberfulnesss It is, nowever, indis ensahle, that you provide suitable checks in the expenditure of the public, money thus appropriated. It may he worthy of your examin.tion, whether the adop- ; tion ol some such previsions as follow, would not ne nenencial: t-.. . ii. c , . ... . . cers shonlrl oir hm..l with .. , . . : u n ni.riiunil!. BItll rtl.ier Cm . to cover any amount of public money that may come into their hands. 2.1. That there should be adopted a uniform rule for the election of Trustees for all the Institutions, and that no Board of Trustees should have the power to fill vacancies In their own bod v . 3d. That no superintendent or effirer of these ! tain these Institutions, the money should he paid out upon Warrants drawn by the Auditor upon the Treasurer, to the persons entitled to ! receive the same; following the rule, as far as j practicable, by which pat nictits are now made to the ttlicers of the t-'.ate n-i . . r. , The propriety oT insuring thtse valuable l.uildns is worthy or vour eoosideralion j Ihe cultivation and improvement or our soil, is that upon which the other bran, hes cr business rely lor suoport, and is the true source or ' nnv.eai.li. i ne sjeni mat boitb .o toe stoca of inform: lion in Agriculture, will promote the welfare ol Ihe Stale, and deserves to be encouraged by Ihe Legislative Department. The estaMi.-hnieiit of allele Board or Agriculure, to eons-ist, sav, of five members, for the express porj.ose of organizing a Stale Agricul turalSoci. ly, would be calculated to bring into ' rxisteiice, in the several counties ol the State, Countx S.'Cielits, lhat would be auxiliaries to the State association. care an agr.cuii.ira. people, uur climate, cut. , biiu t-.'.ai...,i iiwnv us. a.... a,..ti.,..i or a system that w ill bring our people annually together tit some point in the Stale, where we can preset ihe meet valuable tpecimens of 1 - .1 . r I science and trt, estetlitlly Ihe e.i, eere.iuiiv inr useiui inventions of labor-saving implemenls or hus- j baniiry ; ei .lorsing the charact. r or the improve- j ments; awarding premiums, cither ot monev, ! t!i lomas or medals; exhibiting Ihe slock, grains and productions of our Stale, would no doubt create a spirit of emulation in our pet ple.and he well ndiii-led to lurlher t tit rests or our growing Slat-. We sre not aware or the amount ennnallv etpendeii by ojr people for slock, implements and productions tM other Slates, that can he saved in al'ew yenrsbythe proper organization oT such County aud Slate Agricultural Societies. To Hid in Ibis enterprise, it is suggested, that the lax collet ti. I upon travelling circuses, menageries, and public shows, in this Stale, to be paid to the County Treasurers, lhenc into the State Treasury, to he set apart expttvsly as a fund at Ihe disposal of the Slsie Board ol Agriculture, t. pay ninn'umsnt the annual fairs. It is beli.ted thnt you can sately appropriate cue thousand dollars lo this purpose in nnlici-cij-tilion of the receipts rrom this source the coming year I mention with pleasure, on this occasion, the fact that n few of the enterprising ritir.ens of Indiana are preparing to atiet Ihe great iudusirinl exhibition ol all nal.ons, at London, in May next, and lo carry with them specimens or lhir skill and labor, and samples or Ihe productions or our soil. The propriety of expressing, in some proper manner, your approbation or such an enterprise is wortny oi your consideration. Your attention is again earnestly invited to the importance nr providing Tor a thorough geological and topographical survey or the State The interests ol agriculture, manufactures and commerce, alike demand it. That Indiana is rich In mineral wealth is a Tact that each succeeding year mom and more demonstrates. We have vast beds of coal and Iron, and recent developments indicate that w have many or t ie more precious metals. When we shall send out men ol high scientific attainments to explore our hills and our prairies, lo analyse cur ores and our soils, and lay bare the now concealed ncnes oi , our mines, we snail nave taaen tue nrsi ana most Important step in lhat great race or Industrial progress which will place Indiana in her true attitude. Her position on Ihe map ' this great Valley is commanding; and II under a kind Providence, we escape Ihe perils that threaten to separate na from Ihe greul sisterhood nl Stales, whose Interests are so Mended by geological, geographical and commercial affinities, the next ten years will place tier aa an agricultural ana i :" - "J ' u ..I Slalo (V Ilka at I (Id HI 1 n 11 V 1 V H - ma. ! the extent and va'ue of our marble and stone quarries Ihe worth or our exhauslless quantlj lilies or limber, ami the true character or our nil We are now gronintf in comparative darkseams inr .-!." ; " I ness; and while other Stat-s, by the aid or sci- -- . . . , ,,kn.a-i ence. are unioldintf new and hitherto Unknoen - . ,,..i thowm. inleelement a of we.llh, we are trusting thees inle rels to chance and Individual enterprise. I submit to you, whether, ir we regard the measure ill Ihe lirht of a mere revenue alone, it is not worthy of vour deliberate and favorable a... .u.i. l.,...i. .1 th. rn.t consideration And while looking al me cost ,. . .hot 111 nt in worn. I ou v .i. i." - , - - - - .... Tew years it would bring such au uicrease ... p- .... . . I natation and capital as would reduce the general buniens of the pevq.te run r-fold the amount r .u. ........in..,-. I .h.ll lav before you a : ,1. ...e TAin"li'i"i.' - j - nted circular teller addressed lo me oil this pri 1 - . . .... . . . ... .. .. ... 1. e nf subject, ami signed ny a wr of Ih. d''J wilt attract your attention, ant., I oouoi not, command your favor. Some or the evils of local legislation have de-veion-d themselves in the practical effects of the rnlnil offanc.s defined by the general laws of AM irtn (pxcmni iHrtP;iriion wi - -

IJMftato.wjMHeM or the pe.ee. in several of the counties. Anions- tv. ofr...... ;. .k.. r

-1: 5-?I !L'T" ""d Pu":9h,n'n'' ' Coief s 1!. ' j: ' be Phed by a rcreaiuF one uiou.snd dollar-, and imprisonment for nv term of ik,.- , ..V-.. iur sii montha n.'.h. a-. . i. nr. : j aive jurisdiction on justice of the (eaee, In the :.:.Jl... . hisher than twentvno hue can V imnosed K. . eniy-hve dollars; and thus, in . " bery. B, mat ter ho aegraTited, cannot he punished by nne exceeding that amount Another bad eTect or this Act is, that upon the trial or an iuditment iu a Circuit Court Tor an asiault and bt tery with tnteut to commit a relonv. If the intern to commit a relonv is not. in "the opinion of the jury, prove.1, the Court Ins no jurisdiction lo inflict a punishment for the simple assault and battery. But when the case Is cisnnd Tor that raute and cornea l-i be retrird before a justice of the . r 4 ?' , "'V' COn,mil Mony nffi t-mved, and in that Case, he, also, Wool. OOld "'""d of junsdietiod. - Thus, in banbvine the Case to and fro. the render m, e.; punishment a.toge.be d ,h, too, when h,s r"' 7 . U,e " PC-H character - 1 tu,r.'1 r' your immediate attention The subject or a small aonronrlntion iniii:,l to the Stale Library Sufficient to pay tr one more Of the lllVnn.n . ..LI. I ." . v. me couiuiea oi linn . . . . r ' .'"..ii. ,ifu in enuu newsnaoer ...i.l!,l .., : i. . . ' r . e . io ne iruiariv our attention. Inconsiderable j sum .am a luslnrv nr nn, : h of great advantage" in aOer times. ' Yon will j then have in detail the general and local poli- . cv of counties, in connection ;.l. k. n..;..tnn. or men; the history of individuals and families! . . addresses; notices or all kinds; marriages, deaths &c, besides important local statistics not eanilv nlilulitusi (rnm nlhB. at It . . r- . - n woum we prire lull hies of naoers. which have been nublisbed i .......-. year 1H'4 since 1620? Thev would be more f,lr h." ""T rh Tound in the Slate l.inrary. By this means ihe religious, moral and our State, from year to yon woui.i preserve political history or j year; and although , you would have a a?t variety, much, of but little value; yet, it Is from this alone, in arier times, that our history is to be written. To this, the historian must go, to do iuolice to the men and the ege of which he writes. The work on the Wabash and Erie Canal. unner me judicious management of tho Trust;es, has been p rose u led steadily towards complelion, according to their plan as submitted i in their first report to the General Assembly : Uy Ihe contracts which they have made, the inul M-itlk. Cs. l.j. -r-. J ... .... .. "...or iiii.Miea to t,vausvi e wilntiine lima m ft a ..nL .. . i t , .' . ' ju uuowance as proviaea for lhe 'l.y. which have been occasioned by providential causes not within the control or Trustees. Beginning Ihe work at CnnlCreok. where inr oiaie icii it, iney liave.hnislied aud brought Inlo us- seventy-niue miles rrom that place, to Point Commerce. The Newbury and Mavsv.lle divisinn. evlen.1.. V. . .. . -- . ded Irom Poiut Commerce to Maysville, rortynine mtlp. hm n.l. A .. ... 1 J I r. -( i .....niieii, nun uui lur the laborers on the line ouring the last two seasons, would have been finished in time for j the uevlgHtion or next spring' J By the report of the trustees, it appears , that one hundred and fifty or the laborers on I Ihe line die.l nf tlu rh..i.... J. . i. . l .. ... imri . ui.i.uns occnsi.ine.l nv rltn prs nmntin vi.w.c.n uu. ii.ii .no las. summer, The entire balance or the line from Maysvile to Is t,',r ctolnct, and the work In progress, to be completed by the first day of November, 182. he enol h of th li... work Irom loint Cmmurce to Evnnsville, is one hundred and eleven aud a hair miles; upon which there has ben emploted, during the past seHMn, tan tflicteut lorce ct nesr Iwo thousand mu. Il is omlirvinir In fin.l f.Ait. ar.-.a .f tle Trustees, that notwithstanding the great

advance in the price of labor which has ta-j 1st. That in all applications for a pardon, noken place since they commenced the work, tice should be given of the time when thi same

me actual cost of the completion will not materially exceed the estimates which were made in 11:45. prior to the transfer. The cost, according to contract prices, from Coal Creek to Fvsnsville, one hundred and ninety and a half miles, 'exclusive of damages for the right of way,) will not vary much rrom 2,(112,(100. The actual sum cannot be known, until tho contracts are closed and the work paid lor. The Certain and Bi.olit nrtmnLl Inn nf .1,1 canal, ihe longest In the Uu.teii Stales, through the lerritnrv- nf t...n...u .t.. wnrk which has ever hern reoarded with such inierest ny our citizens, and ihe partial completlon of which has already conferred such

, " . . ' .. .... ... I'l.rciiinuirn v. Priri.ll II.f, BUU I CrilllF direct lu-nefils upon so large a portion of those of properly; or. at least, Increase the limit pre- , f thirty members; provided their election shall living along and near to it, and upon the scribed by law ror the division between grand be made under .system liberal enough to sej whole Stale in the addition which it has been and petit larceny. Intimately connected with 1 rur. , ,,B glal8 ,h; wr.icM of hrr ,j j Ihe means or making to Its population aud lax- this change in our criminal law, is the improve- ablest citizons

o. fllnJeci oi eincere congtatillation. And when we consider that this resuit has ..... nun, uT inr nrm-. in ma holders of our bonds, and ll., hiiauj b .1 . ced by Ihem at a time of great embarrassment It would seem to add to theohlgalion reeling Upon lis, if anything can add l.i ihe sacreduees ol Stale fallh Mild Stale honor, an a.lillli uial reason for maintaining with scrupulous fidelity Ihe arrangements with Ihem. and throwing ....n..o around them "every possible security, as their oniy reliance for protection and indemnity i . ! rt upon it j The revenues of the fiuiehed portion of Ihe canal show a gratifying increase In its traffic an, usefullness. I The tolls re delved for the year ending November I, IPsO, are reported at f 17,1'9,:18; biingan increase or (22,499 3 over the lolls or tlie previous year The Trustees 'report the silo of 2', 4f!j 22,10(1 acres or land in Ihe Vincennes elstricl; and 3,1,9!"6 22-l(n acres in the. Logansport orfice, during the year; exhibiting an Increasing demand or canal lands Tir settlement It cannot be expected that a work of the magnitude of thin. Involving so many interests, can be nroseculetl ami coiiinlele.1 wilhn.it rail.P. pf complaint on the pari or some or onrcltitvns. Those complaints are made to Ihe Evecute department lr qnenlly accompanied with the request that suits be brought. It is mggesled lhat yon adopt some rules to be observed in all applications for re'ler hy sails, The views of my predecessor on this eubject are worthy of your careful consideration On the twenty-eighth day or September, IpjO, Congress passed a law granting to each Stale, for a specified purpose, the swsmp or overflowed lands within their several borders, then belongiug to the General Government On receipt of Ihe law, a correspondence was opened with the General Land OlhVe at Washiuslon. A renlvl ,. - tu,,..,....CT . ,,. ,.n7 m... ... .a rt m UWik r October; and on the JIHU day or the same mouth, a circular was issued to each of the Couuty Surveyors throughout the State. Additional instruction having been recti ved on Ihe 29lh day of November, they were embodied in another circular, and ou the succeeding day were also issued as above. Under these instructions and circulars, the surveyors are at this time engaged Iu making the necessary examination of Ihe tracts of land that we shall be entitled to und.rthis law. A portion or them have discharged tneir nunes, aim mane meir re- ... ... . i 1 poris; out It IS pronanie inn inc. enure wora w ill not be completed before March or April, 1S1. From the beat information Ihnvercceived, the State will obtain, under this act, about One Million acres of land, for the purposes named therein. It will tie vour province, at the .1 inn .. h l.w. r,i. ih. nm present session, to provide by law for the compensatton vt lite enrveyon. nun tuners rngngeu Iu selecting these lands, and to tnke such steps as il1 preserve Ihem from waste, until such time as Ihe patent shall be made to the Male, i BUd the Leg tslature shall have determined lb -l.-il l ji A manner In which they shall lie disposed of. I have not sufficiently matured any system for bringing these lands into market, or otherwise disposing of them. This, with other matters relating thereto, maybe made Ihe subject if a special communication. It would accord with j my yirws, after the objects for which these lands were granted are accomplished, if the proceeds and residue were set apart to aid the Sinking j Fund for the redemption ol the State debt. I By the determination ot the Commissioner of the General Land Office, Ihe sales, by the severtal Land Offices of the swamp and overflowed I lands thus granted to as, will uot be shyped or ..... ....... .... g . ....... - m.rked off aa -State Imoua" npon their office

plats. But that if any auch lands shall have been, or shall hereafter" be, sold by such Land offices, the money received therafor shall ba held for, and be paid to the State. I have already received information of some su:h sales; and as there will doubtless be more, t so? jest that yon provide by law, the method of applying for and receiving the money arising therefrom. The State is under many obligations to Hons. K W. Thompson and John II. Bradley, for services rendered at Washington Cily in "the adoption ortha rnles for the selection of these lands. We were visited in the Stale Prison, the past sewon, with the cholera. Twenty-six of the convicts died. 1 he Warden, Col. Lemuel Ford, and his wife, fell victims to t'ie disease. He was at his post cf dnty, actively engaged, day and ight, In administering to the com Torts and wints of the sick and dying. He was a ueful mat, eminently qualified to discharge the duties of hi office. Hi place will be difficult to fill. I am gratified in being able to say that the prison wts in an excellent condition; entirely cleansed, ind the physician and all others con uected with the hrison. nohlv did their dntv du

ring the presence f this ciUease. oy me ainoess or Miss Din, that devoted inentJ 01 priSOne-,. nrUnn .licol ,li nn nnrl Nil nng hmfii. l t.,j ..i u.a ;" r-nSt, Tor the a of the nrisoners. two hun " .. :rea volumes ol Kel.jious, Historical, Agricultural and Biographical works, which cost the snm of one hundred and thirty eight dollars and riKMiy-eigm cenis, wnicn are kept neatly in a book case; let ont to the convicts regularlv, who are charged with them; and when returned, another is taken in its place It is with pleasure ( learn that a Urge portion rthe convicts read with interest this excellent section. Wisdom and humanity demand tht an appropriation of Flflv Dollars he nm.lo IIHiidlltr i.a jtha purpose or keeping up the Lhrary It is rig'il and proiier that men thus confined si..... I.I be furnished with books, that they may employ their time in reading w hen not engaged In labor i ooudi not that the above expenditure, a! though unauthorised by law. will be annroved by this enlightened body. i rt.t ... i ne greater part or the work on tho new buldl.ling has been completed, and we can now dispense with the duties or the Commissioners to superintend the Public buildings, so Tar, at least, as to give the same in charge to Ihe Warden, who resides inside of the walls, and who should be able to superintend all the improvement we have to mske. Bv pursuing this course, we shall save Tour hundred dollars a year and be able to pay your Worden ons thousand ! dollars a year for hla services in di-choririnir the ! duties that have heretofore beeo in the hands or the two There is some doubt under the- present law, now ine niysician to the prison ;should be se .- . . . '. .. . . ... icc.eu. my own opinion is, mat ne should be appointed by the Slate, and he independent of ' the lessee. 1 therefore recommend lhat you provide (or his appointment in the future. Your attention ia pulled to tho verv ahla ra. . . " " - ""J port made bv the Visiter to the orison. The highest number In the prison during the past year was one hundred and firty-four. Of this number, sixteen have been pardoned; three or them on account of insanity five r.ir good conduct, (the pardons being granted with- ; in a Tew weeks or the expiration oT their sen- , tences,) and the remaining eight were pardoned upon the application or the Courts, Juries, and citizens, who were presumed to be well acpuainled with euch case recommended lo Ihe ; Executive. There Is no duly devolving upon your Exej cutive that is more embarrassing, and surroun- ! ded with greater difficulties than the pardoning power. With whatever care he may watch ' and guard its exercises, he is liable to great Impositions. In view of my brief experience on ! this subject, I have adopted the following rule to he observed as fir as practicable iu all applications. They are presented in this communication with the view of submitting ihem to you, and through j you to our rellow citizens, believeing, that they mnv ho tt.nr.Kit nf liulni ...ad.. tl,A tilling, nt i Legislation, at least or an advisory character. i would he made 2d. That those who represent the State upon itr -l- .i ..i ... Inn Iriul. lltnllla fl.rn.ah wt Iwnst tha ii.luli.npa nf the etldence. .. ..... . - .. j r J ! I. bo relieved rrom deciding applications on ex. 1JJ Wltipiin mil COUrse, IHO CjXCCUllVe Wl parte petitions, letters, and will have be fure him the evidence on the trial. This course I has been pursued in the State of New York, j and the Executive, nTter one year's experience, Btieaka in ihcThinheHt terms nf the aviailom nf the law. i It i. r..nexif..ll .... I..I il,.t n.... k. n in the trial of cases or larceny, to imprison in Ihe.LoUiity .'ails or State I'rison at the liscretion of the Jury, without regard lo the value ""-.ii ... ,.ie regumuona o. our county prisons. Uy a very slight change In many counties, we -j ..." r'"-'-"" rnnsini .a oriui nreut ttslinn. Rirh run nl u liniaM Iu r. m.l n. 1 1 U 1 i - .- . buildings for the reception of juvenile offenders, sn const rt.cte.l nn.l fi.rnisheil n to nrovi.l fur the regular occupation nf all the inmates. It is idle to talk of reforming the young man, who hir his first oltnce, has been convicted fur stealing properly or the value of five dollars, and to two year's imprisonment in the State Prison i thus placing him hy the side oT the murderer 1 li-- . ... . i. . : .-ii . . tr - v, e ...urn pim:r .tie. y..uiir nun ji.vr.i.iiri ,. .lender where his associations aud intercourse are with those who will exercise an influence for good, and not with the old and hardened Iu crime. Our county prisons should be conver ted inls work-shops iuto houses of industrywearing Ine appearance of decency antl order. Active employment should he required of all ils occupants; for idleness itself often proves to be the school of vice. In this wav we may not only reform th prisoners, but we should compel them to contribute lo their own support, and to pny, by the sweat of the brow, the penalty of Hie violated law, and cost of conviction, thus rli ectlv relieving the counties front a I heavy burden which thev now nav to sustain ! those Imprisoned. The convict can as well lie j made to perform labor ror hla own support in ' your counties as in your Stale Prison. The ; individual convicted for the first offence; Ihe ' youth; the juvenile offender; or where the cir cumstances of the case seem to require at the hands or the jury or the county, that Ihe Im-

prisonmenl should be in the county jail; t our ; lain the movsment made by Mr. Bryant, of Alprisoner thus situated will find, daily or week- ,hama, fof ihe employment of go verm-en t vesels, ly, kind parental sdylce, and the watchful care l0 found an empirein Africa. Let the Nationof those who take an interest in his welfare, and ' ,. ., wr n,e Slats Governments, srlke al this

our pr.rooe w... .fwv.i.o a iiiti mvy ii.ifuii. uc, . : ... : II L.-M- 1. -. ai .. i 1 A l places not only ror punishment but lor refonna- ; tion. 1 he Stale has an interest in what callrd the wrwra-in ""i 'i' m in v "'" ' i.owivh "i ,,,,. Tlr.ir roia.ki. in the state ..r (.esirgia; about three hundred thousand acrea; w hick rost the State in an arrangement with one nl the Ra-lk east, in settling .n outstanding debt due as, ibe sum or Two Hundred and Forty 1 houaand Dollars. Thr) lie principally apon the water of the Ocmtilgee and A Ha m. hi. Hy virtue nf a joint resolution pi.scd nn the 16l.i day of February, 1"49, a contract was made with my imm.'.liite predecessor, by which 1 snlc of these limit, without notice, wia made to Martin H Green, and a eonv. 1 ancc encvutrd, for ihe aum of one thousand dollars. It is to lie regretted thit iny sale w is made of suck I large body of lands by the Agent of .he aiaif-a wnni'oi rrsrt sum in.- he ht lo the I.rgt-litnre ,nconrn, Dr reject 1 he a.me. t i.d.fflcult to dctermine wha. is the value of these laud; but from information received the list seienn. I hive reason to believe that a large portion are worth from fifty cent, to one dollar per acre. Your ofBcers of Slate, in view of the quantity of land and thrirceal, Irom ihe evidence before as, not necessary to be here mentioned, drs.ring to preserve , t mm ti-om passing in to t ne nanua oi ii.t.oreni p.irco.fm Xf u vh, notice, after mature rsai.ilnal. on, were indue d lo offer the interest of the Slate in these lands, for ale. line notice ha liern gi.en, ind several propos. lions hive been mide, some in the sir of iuoHiring is to the title; olher. wa to the value. No sal.- cm be efTteted .. long aa thr outstanding contract ind deed remain as they are. It would require more spree than ia alio' led for thi communication, to give the full history nf this tens, action, mil theeviuvnee upon which yonr riccntive acice in t Bering these lands again for ailei ill uf whi.h, will, will, pleasure, be eonimuniciird lo yuur body, or to any committee to whom tue aubject may be rel'. rn .1. It ia lithe due to Mr. Oreen to ill concerned lhat yn. ahonld thoroughly invesiig.tr thii anliject. You shuuld, upon that investigation, either confirm .id sale, ind direct the surrendering of ill ihe title papers, or you should mthariie ao.t to be brought to set is.de the eonvryine. I have ao hesitation in recommending the wringing of the suit, believing that the Stiw hid better receive nothing thin la tike the one Ihousind dollir The widow and Kvecalri. nf the late F.dwlrd J Rlack, nf Georgia, has presented a claim for a thou

amd dollar, igain.t the Sine, by virtue ofs cor tract nglslltnent Is beset With difficulty, and embarm.de by year A,tnl et State and kcr eceeised h.- J Tne patriate 0f the revolution, eoa-

bind, relative ( their landf, which require yoar investigation. On the 13th day f October, 1149, arbitritiri ap. painted bf my predeveor hy virtarnr a ipevisl let tr the Lec-islatHcr, entitled "An act r.ir the relief of Patrick MeGinler, ped Fehruiry It, IS49, mide an award in favnrof said MrinlrT.srint the Stite f Imliaiia, for the um of 21,143 d. .liars; hichaid award, tngeihtr with the papers in the canse, a well Ihe prucee-linr', were filled in the Clerh'i olllee of the Floyd Circuit Cenrt. On the 13ih day of Nr-vrmlM-r, 1S49, iws wirranti were drawn by the Auditor of Stite upon the Treasurer.--one for the lum af

J I I.OOS dollars; the other for 5.0O0 dollars, both pay- ; able nn the lit dajrof March, UJOj h.ch warrants I were drawn upui. ihcduly anihrnticatrd copy of laid iwird, fnm the Clerk of said Court; the piper an I file in said office showing that laid McGink-y agreed I to release the aim. of 5,143 dollars, that portion of iu awim over the mm t.r 10,000 dollars, upon the condition that nn ippeal wis liken in the ciuse, and hich sum of 5,143 dollan so released, wis to be ap propriated tothe pnvmrnt oT cot, epctis, Jtc. On the Sih day ufO. ruilh r. 1M9, my ilutie as F.ccutive commenced. The IJ, dav of February, t50, bemr on a visit to the ante Prison it Jcflersoturille, I called on the C.rk uf ,hr Floyd Circuit Court, and requested ',m t firnish me the piper in the eeof McJiinby. Forthefirtt time, I been mi acquainted iih the fact, tint atllie time of Ihe rendition nf the award, Mr. Bullett, ihe attorney fur the Slate, and the only person that was authorised by the act aforesaid to appear Tor the Ptiie, had prayed an appeal to the Supreme Court in the came, and thit roe me as granted. A copy of the record in the cause wa obtained, and legal gentlemen consulted, vhi made an iffl.la.it ofihr farts of the cie, giving the dotes, fce. t'p.in the application to the Supreme Conn, they directed the Clerk to docket the cause as an ar real. The cause is now pending In the Supreme o.irt. The warrants are yet outstanding ind unpaid. They ire unknown to onr liw, ind issued contrary to uniform practice, being payable ai a future time, thus Citing notice lo all of lltcir chirict.r. The course idnpte.l in this cause, ba. been with the concurrent action of vour officers of State, and I in. retvly hope, that if the highest jn.li.ial tribunal in the State; the one (hat decid.- the rights of aur citirens, has not jurisdiction in this cause, so is to decide the same upon its merit, that you will adopt in-h mima.nii will give that Court ample power. Ifthe Supreme Court of the State shall decide that this claim or Mt Ginlcr is correct anil just, we shoo Id pay not only the .ixt.ri. thousand dollars, but the last doll r, with inn ml, that is nljudged to him. If it should be the uleanre of your bod v to nav these outstanding w arrants, you will rem. mbcr that nn ' ?" n mad.-, unless the t i levied and I 'Tr.Kr ?" :We "' nnl) pledged . . ' n . . . - .. iin it, wmw imr nr. . : Srate revenue to use one interv-sti and the remaining onr-flfth ia act a put to piv the nnliuarr es penrs of the Stale. This bring au rvtraordinary drmiiid upun Ihe Trcisury, it can be met only by increased taxes, nr by virtue of a loan From information rrceived Irom our Senators it Washington, we shall not roeeise any portion of the three per cent In nil due us. until lome action ofCun. I gress is hid npon the subject j Tur attention is call.d to the report afthrq.iar. ter Waster Ut-mral: nartirnlarlv. aa to the amanclr of providing a building for the lafc keeping of the public arm The report of the Agent of State, exhibits the wis. .torn of ihe act of the Legislature it its list session. m-nt. The suggestion contained in the report are worthy of your consideration o ior sreai rrouri.on ol expend, li.rrt in lhat depart A citation has been sirred noon m in th- r the Viuceiiuea I'liiveraity against the State of I ...liana, on a writ or error to the Supreme Court of the I'niied States, from the Supreme Court of this Slate. It devolves upon )wu to provide in what manner the right ol Ihe Sine -hall he represented in tkia cause. In pursuance of the discretionary power given to Ihe Auditor of Stale un.lmit.ir, settlement and compromises have been made with the k-aaeeiuppn tSe Central Canal, by w hirh about 14,400 will be realirrri; the repairs and incidental cxpeuacs the past year, have hern about 1.S0. A suit that wa brought, is yet pending in the Supreme CourtDue notice was given and a S.le rlTecte.l of that portion of the canal lying north of.Morgin count-. 'I he sale was made to (..-.. rre i si..,un J..l. a ttm. man and Jimra Itariil. ii, fur he sum of n,4 i. That

portionoril.eCn.il lyiag.n Morgan count y wn sold . in its provisions, for the unnumbered bless n lo Aaron Al.lr.ilgr for ih.'sttm of s. hundred dollars. h....ri;..l.l.. i. . ...I-. . I ...... I h,.c !. are ...I,,, ct ... Ih, counrme.1 or rejected -njoy-J UU ler ill rule; an j in m-i. by you. Ihavenniloiil.ttl.it it iais ihe inn rest .,f(ory of that band as great and good men. who Ihe State to cnnlirm the sales, sud rerommend lint ; Conceived and established it. This truth

xoit take that course, Thr sooner the Stale is entirely disconnected with all public wurka, the better. 7lie Conv.niinn elected by the people to form a new Constitution fur the Stile is aiill in arsaion, and will probably not close their lihors for some week". The appropriation for the paymrnt of the fi.ii.ritii.n is ilrea.ly exhiusird. It w ill devolve upon you to makelorllit-r appropriation" tor this ..l.iecl. the imount collected by Ihe tit lii.-d the put yeirw illnot he nftlcicnt to pay the i.ldit.onul . -pi nieanfihe t'onv. ntion, I augest that you anticipate the r venue of the coming year, (the same rate of taxation being continued;) hyaloan for thta purpose, alo lor the payment of the July in.ereai un our public debt. I hare uu rinohtb.it that the aocreeding January interest will be promptly met by the peopl. through their co lectors. It Is your duly t this session to apportion the Slate inlo Senatorial and Represenlative districts. Public opinion seems to demand a reduction or the number in both houses. As to the character or legielation, quite as much O. n V ' Mr. nil. I II . i. ii ......i.M -. t I . 1 . . e- . ...o .aiin.:.,y u. CK lo.iliura, II ... . . . e upon tneir number. Able men will devote themselves to the public service for Iwo reasons , .'Ill-flu. hnnn. ,.... ,. n. , . - . I j ' i'v.ii'i w.ma .uiiiii.i.ii.iivh. IIIIIIVIIlIU v,w ,h(J conjitjou of oor Slate, the character or our people, and the vast Interests which they have at stake iu the establishment or correct system or domestic policy, it would seem that there is too great a difference between the honors ami emoluments or the State and National governments. The public business may undoubtedly he disposed or Willi more system aud order, and everv interest nf ilia Ktula n.nv tw f.irlu I ....... I .1.. . .....I . II ! r n. :J1. r Z..L.... e... '.-.o The sub ect of the Colonization of the free blacks Is now b-oiniug m receive that attention ; . Rh ih imnnrlanra J.m.n.l. Ti . , . . circum011- . il :, fM. ...;',. .,u. , stances wntcn ai.rrn..nit.t are pressing our j . e s. j Uur southern brethern are miking rapid ! movement towards abridging the privilege of this class, even lo banlshmeut. We in the north are adopting extraordinary meaus for removing them, by prohibiting them from holding properly, excluding them from the protection of the laws, and denyiag them any rights whatever. While all this is going on, onr better nature, : the common sympathies of all men, are beginj Ing to ask these important questions: What Is to he the end of all lhiT I there no remedy T Is there no cure for this evil? j In the midst of all this excitement and confusion, the light lire .ks in noon us, which points conclusively tu'cotunit. ilinn s the only remedy. The Infant colony of the Liberia, recognized as one among the nations or the earth, begins now , to attract the renewed attention or all men, who desire tneiitire separation of the two races. In this great struggle for the seperalion of the black man from the white let Indiana tnke her staud; put her agent into the field. Her citizen are ready. Yea, they are willing to contribute of their surplus, something for the removal ofthis people rrom among oa, and to locate Ihem In ihe native land or Ihelr forefathers. Olher , States in this Union have their own settlements in Liberia. I-jet Indian, hats hra f ... hour Tor a permanent remedy, on thiidifficult question. In pursuance of a Joint Resolntion of Ihe last session or the Legislature, a block or marble, native or the Stale, was procured and forwarded to Washington, to be placed in th monument, now In progress or erection there, to the memory of the Father of his country. The Geueral Assembly did not anthoriie any senlimnt to be placed on the block. I took the liberty of having inscribed the following: "Indiana knows no North, no South, nothing but the Uuinn." I did so, because I believed, as I still believe, that the seuliment thus engraved on enduring marble, was written also on the hearts of oor people, that it was Ihe s ntlmnt of the great mass of my fellow-citixens of Indians, on the most sgitating question of the day. Complete uuauiinity la r.rely the Incident of human councils. In a confederacy like outs, differing as its members do, in soil, climate and productions; in habits, manners and social relations; in local and sectional interests, It could not bo rxp' Cled now, say more than at the birth of oor federal Constitution, lhat any compromise, based upon mutual concessions, should be satislatorory to all. Ilis not a practical question, whether those measarea of price, recently framed by a great and good men, in the same spirit which actuated our fathers in days gone by, are, in every respect, such as meet on our nuqualified approval. It has been wall said, that the live of the best of us are spent In chousing between evils; and it isoflau a bounden duty to endure a temporary and Incidental evil, for a permanent and inherent good. A domestic institution, forced upon our fore-fathers, in colonial days, rather than voluntttity adopted bv them, is, for the present, the necessary policy of ourSooothern brethern. Any sodden abandonment of that policy, is impossible. Even its gradual relio

vened toframsa government that hat endur-d ror three-quarters of a century, has spread over half a hemisphere, the blessings of peace, of political and religious freedom, and of national prosperity; assented to the great principle that each State of the Union is sovereign, as to her internal government, and her social relation!. Withoat this recognition, absolnte aud unconditional, the thirteen original S la tee would nevee have concurred in tho federal compact. That was the groat consorvatiro element which bound hearts, tlion;h it could not reconcile opinions, withont thit element, the Union would not have beeo created then. Without it, the Uuiou canot be preserved now. Indiana, a central State, has always maintained a high, conservative position, specially on that exciting question of the day, whioh has threatened, mois seriously '.nan other, the iutsgrity of our confederacy or Statra. She ia, ladeed, convinced, that the lias wisely select -d hr own domestic policy. She is satisfied with tho degree of prosperity, which, under that fue policy, she has attained. Our State vria tho nineteenth ad in i tod into the Union. In wealth, In agricultural iuiportiaee. she is now the fifth. If, indeed, she be not the fourth. Of the eightesn Slates whieh snmposed tho Uulou when we were admitted, four, at most, are now iu our advance: and uot one those since admitted, ha come wilhta sight of us. Mtintairs'ng herpoiitiou ahead of all her younger sisters, Inlina has walked quilely in advance of fourteen of Iho

older Males. In oa onward progress, w have uniformly acWd toward each, equal to equal. Our compact with tho great eonfecVraey, to which we bIon, aoi every niamhsr of il, havebsen faithfully kept, in letter and in spirit. Neither by legislative act nor otherwise, have we withheld from any citizen of tho Uui .n, the rights, which, under the federal compact, are assured to him. To this day no caua- of complaint has been given; nor, so far as I know, has complaint bn made, against Indiana, by any Sliite in the Uoion. Above all, Indiana recognizes the imperative duty, by every good ciliten, of obedience to the laws of the land. Whatever differenc of opinion may exist as to the late compromise measures enacted by Congress; however ultra men in tho North or in the South may oppose or denounc them, there is bat one course of action for the true patriot to pursue; and that is, unhesitatingly, a ad l.i good faith, to carry out their enactments. There ia no safety for property, for liberty, nor for life, except In that absolute surpreinacv of the law. There is bo higher duty of tho citizen, than maintain, by word and deed, that supremacy. As we value the heritage, rich be1 yond all price, purchased not with silver or gold, hnl -,:lh lh. MnnA f . . t,mm that heritage bequeathed to us by our fathers, and which we, in tarn, must bequeath, inviolate, to our descendents let us hear in miud this great truth, that the first public act of disobedience to law, is the first fatal slap on the downwtrd road to anarch v. The Constitution of this great Confederacy, written on parchment, may be rent erunder, if it be not written also on the hearts and aflVclions of the peole. It is written on oars. We love, we respect it, we give it oar highest sanction, alike for the sake of the stored pnnt Ciples, guardian of hmnm liberty, emhodie.l sould be understood by our people, that this Union cannot be preserved by force, if it could, it would not be worth preserving. The bonds and ligaments lhat bind us together, are moral, and not physical. Our glorious Uuion is one of consent, and not of force. It is a Union of confidence, of trail, of love, and of affection. W hcu these are gon., the Uuion loses all ils attraction and value. At no hour of onr history have we required' more than at the present, au Infusion Into onr councils of lhat spirit in which the articles of our confederacy were firt conceived. As Representatives, as cilixens or Indiana, ss citizens or the Uuilel States, we have difficult, if Ica'e, Important duties lo p-rform. Fcremo.l among these is the obligation to oppose, by every liwful means, that spirit of actions fanaticism alike saicidul wherever il has birth, which iusid'ously assumes lh garb, in one section, of philaulhrophy, or Stale rights. By speech, by action, by concrsion, by forbearance, by compromise, by the influence of moral suasion and the strong power of kindness, by each and all of thes-t means, let ns seek In allay tho spirit of lawless misrule, ti nt spiilt which instil each nan's opion the arbiter of constitutional right, of which coolly estimate the value of this Uniou, and looks with sUady eye on a eeperstiou of these Slates, Ihe certel'i herald of bloodsheJ and a thousand horrors, a seperalion to be surely and epedi!y followed by wr, in it most olins fjnn, s-rvil--, perhapes, as civil, war among those of thr same name, the same blood, war that shall bring together in hostile array, neighbor, against neighbor, brother against brother, sou agaiustsire. To avert calamities so direful, Indiana wilt cast, even to the last, the entire weight of her influence. Shew-ill be just to each an I every member of Ihe confederacy just to tlie Ciatition juslto the laws Shs wi I abid. that C imttution ibl 'e by the laws: and above all, .ha will abide by the compromise made by our fathers the compromises made by the great and goo I men of this day. She w.ll hope, sha will pray, that the same kind and overruling Providence which watched over our Father at the adoption or thr. Constilutieo, and has sustained In every crisis and cheered in every hour of darkness aince, will direct their eons also in the paths or wisdom and of peace, and enable n to transmit to posterity thatsarred instrument, a guide and a blessing In the Future, as it hna ever been in the Past Indiana takes her stand In the ranks, not of SorrrHitaM dksti.ot, nor yet of NoiTHrai 1 isTitr. She plants herself on Die basis or the Constitution; and takes her stand in the ranks Of AMCklCaS DESTISV. JOSEPH A. WRIGHT. December 31, 1S50. Compound syrup of Hops and Eoae set. Tho Great Western Remedy! far tKs .arc ) fldt. rt.rA, rAran.r aV-rti.e a ike X.sa, Juhma, 4tr. Price snly fifty centa per bottle Any person parch. aing this ar-i.le, t.be aaed far any af the above cnmpla.Mta, if aot aitiafi.d with iri nperatina apon caliiug apon the Agent and satisfying him lhat they have used it riartly according to the directions by returning the empty bet tie and wrapper akeil be entitled to the money back. Pontic by M. W. HAII.E, LINC kFARqVHAH. Dee. 14th, Use ll-lm. TRUNKS. LIKCK Jt FARqUffsff, bare jo.l niiindiUl of aupcrier Irmrtlling trunk. ALSO, aaperior lota of Lmrlirt snd fr.tf.arii SmtrMt and tmrptt Smcki; which they will a. II a h. l.wcat 'hade. SHAWLS... SILK, Crape, Jenny I.tnd, Thibet Waal, M.rea. .ad Long Fiahionible Shiwli. latest atylrs, fp lie tow by U. II. Ic J. C. BUR ION. Sept xith, isse. ciif's Weir ACR. Bine, Green, Cadet ind Mrs ei.tk. Finry Black Cassimcrea, lalrat faihi.n. Over Con ind Blanket Cloth Supers a isji.dfiihionible Tailing.. Satia.tM, Jrina ind Tweeds. Jnat opened ind foriilr low by Sept lith UJO. B. H. h. J. C. BUU TOW. CASH paid for. keit by Sept 16 1350. B. H.iJ C. ItRTSV. SALT. 1 ff R ATIRFLS. prime Km. hi Salt rear id J I .s f ana for .ale fcy LINCK JtFARCUJTAIt. lik.re,aaladiiaa. at lb. rH . SALT. B ARRELS SALT, jest received .ad f.r .! O" kT K.D.CALLIOV. Rrnokville.Knd Jaly, !! . Dodd's Fall Style Hats, 1850. I, f EX'S snd B.y'i Ciw. Bacaa Tiata and MrtiI can Hat. For aalc hy Scot tAth'llje. B. 11. kf.ll'.TOV .JOHN D. HOWL AND, Attorney at Law, IIROOKVILLE. Ia,