Indiana American, Volume 16, Number 8, Brookville, Franklin County, 18 February 1848 — Page 1

OVK COUHTRT-OVR COUNTRT S INTERESTS AND OUR CII.NTRT'1 FRIENDS.

BY C.F. CLAUKSOtf.

RELIGIOUS. The LaTe af Gad. Could we with ink the ocean fill, Was the whole earth of parchment made, Was every single stick a quill, Was every man a scribe by trade To write the love of God alone, Would drain the ocean dry; ' Nor wonld the scroll contain the whole, Though etretch'd from sky to sky. Prater. Prayer was not invented; it was born with the first sigh, the first joy, the first sorrow of the human heart; or rather man was born to pray; to glorify God, or to implore Him J was his only mission here below; all else perishe. before him, or with him, but the cry of glory, of admiration, or of love, which he raises from the earth; it re-ascends, it resounds from age to age, in the ear of the Almighty, like the, reflection of his own magnificence. It is the only thing in man which is wholly divine, and which he can exhale with joy and pride; is an homage to Him to whom alone homage is due. the Infinite being. O A writer depicts not a small number of persons in the following picture: "Religion in the eyes of S , was too sacred a thing to bring down into the world, where it must suffer violence, and be, in consequence, brought into disrepute. He, therefore, keeps his religion nicely laid up in lavender, for Sunday, when it was brought forward unspotted from the world." Methodist Revival. We are happy to announceto our readers that protracted meeting ; u uuw iu progress m me xueuioaisi L-nurca oi Vincennes. Quite an excitement seems to be among the people, and we trust before the meeting comes to a close, much good may be I Ann SrantAAn n.M.n. wam. . 1 I . '

night, asking the forgiveness of their sins. .T?v, "7 Mt V r there then commanded by Dearborn. In the jf ,ncennes Uaz- attack on Fort George.on the 27th of Mav 1811 Rxuoiocs Revivals. The relivious papers 't,. , ,h .' , , 1 MylvlJ jit . . , . , . i ne led the van, and took down the enemy's flap from different sections of our widely extended . , . . T T , . 8 naE . with his own bands. In July he was nrnmntpH country, continue to mention the existence of to m , f . 7 ne was Prmoted .. . . . i 10 command of a reeimenL He served nt mnusual religious interest in their vicinity. In Rllr;rwrl " , "7 Plymouth, N. H., there U said to be an uLual ' fn he l5 r , ? degree of religious feeling pervading one neigh- I" Montl Wilborhood. In Pittsford, .if I. two churcheJiu l-d" ""'. commanding Windsor county, Vermont, there is also said to H ned uch men as Scott and exist an unusual degree of religious feeling. 7 In West Bradford, Mass., there ha, existed a 'L ,1S13 terminaled ia' strong religious interest for several month, past. Ti T T Wilkin80n8 InRidgefield, Conn., a ,mewhat extensivl Ire- jn'"'on-.y being placed nvival ha. been in progress for three months.-1 1 .,MaJ" Ge"eral BrWn W'th A revival is reported as in progress at Pickering, "0W "' t0 th5 rnk f Brigadier GenCanada West, among the Baptists; and among ! " T " COmmanJ- new sPirit was in" the Methodists in Cayuga district. N. Y. We t T 0penUT' Ftm that ,nay have reporU also of the existence of unusual re- CnhDge ,n mtiitar7 hiUt7 of ligiou. interest in Iowa, Wisconsin, IIHno..,'""" Tenneee, Indiana, and Mississippi. Indeed ?' ' '?? h AmeriC8n 8o1from nearly every section of the countrv-..,: d,rr0UfhtneVer 10 Th ook command

receiving intimations of the existence, here and there, of special religious Interest at the present ... .. : . lime; and this, not confined to any particular ect or denomination; and as would appear, not rnerally the result of any special exertions, bt f th. TiImciyim nf Yi . .i.- J: of the blessing, of heaven on the ordinary means oi religious improvement. To the Poist. A Papist asked a Protestant one day, "Where was your religion before Luther's time?" "Where was your face this morning before you washed it?" replied the Protestant Govemixg PaixcrrLES or Reugio. Those who cry down moral honesty, cry down that : which is a great part of religion my duty to-

wards God, and my duty towards man. Whatlmaintained for two hrs against ovewhelminff

rare i 10 see a man run after a sermon, if he coien and cheat as soon as he comes home? On the other side, morality must not be with-'' out religion; for if so, it may change, as I see , convenience. Religion must govern it He ; that has no religion to govern his morality, is not a dram better than my mastiff dog; so long as you stroke and please him, and do not pinch him, he will play with you as finely as may be. He is a very good moral mastiff, but if you hurt him, he will fly in your face, and tear out your throat (John Selden. Pkess Os! Ministers, elders, deacons, classleaders, editors, colporteurs, teachers, one and all, press on. The mystery of Napoleon's career was this: Under all difficulties and discouragement.. tn

"press on!" It solves the problem of all heroes; !in this sketch. Thus, at twenty eight, Soott ' Wa8 t0 1,6 nursed- And he ventured to make it to the rule by which to judge rightly of all had stained the highest rank in the army the the a!wrtion that denunciations would be hurlwonderful success and triumphal marches to youngest man ever raised by his services to that ed agail,st the head of Mr. Trist for his part in fortune and genius. It should be the motto of P'tion, in either America or Great Britain! I the Peace negtiatio118 which had juM transall, high and low, fortunate and unfortunate, so From the peace of 1815 until the capture of " had a'ready heard U Bsserted iu cer-called-"press on," never despair, never be Vera Cruz, circumstances presented no opportu- taiu cirf ,es. that TrUt ought to be hung for discouraged; however stormy the heavens, how- nity for brilliant deeds. Scott married in 117 g peae' ver great the difficulties, or repeated the fail- ! He was more or less engaffed as became his heheved that Mexico was now ready to

un, -press on. it fortune has proved false to thee to-day, do thou prove true for this to-; morrow. Let the foolishness of yesterday make j . - ....... I 4 U .. ' ... . . I

uc wise w-aay. ii thy attections have been xommander in chief of the army, Scott was appoured out like water in the desert, do not.it pointed hi. successor. It was on Scott's sugdown and perish of thirst, but "press on!"-a gestion that Taylor was entrusted with the cornbeautiful oasis is before thee, and thou mayeat mand of the army of occupation. When the adreach it, if thou wilt press 0!t. vanceofthat armvtnth Rin f!rnH -..f.,l.

D- On Sunday alady called to her little boy'lowedby theattack on C.pt Thornton's party.l ho was tossinor marblMi n th. iv ' i. .l-t.-... . ... , , . . i

who was tossing marbles on the side walk, to! come into uie nonse. "Don't you know you shouldn't be out there, my son? Go into the i back yard, if run n- rt . n) li I ' J " umroiBB iv is - uuaay. v eil, yes. But aint it Sunday in the back yard, mother?" From tht Golden Rale. Six Reasons wht a Christian should wot t Tobacco. 1. It is a filthy practice, very; Christianity requires decency; "Let all things b done decently and in order." 2. It is an unjustifiable expenditure of money, which should be employed in doing good. We re stewards, and are held responsible for the e or abuse of our Lord, money. Fearful ! How numerous the call, for charity. 3. It is the gratification of a vitiated appetite; God never gave ns this. Can we create an unnatural appetite and gratify the same and be innocent? No person is naturally fond of tobacco. It is very nngenteel. There are very few persons who use it who do not either afflict others thereby, or put themselves to great inconvenience; the latter they are not likely to do. 5- It is injurious to health. According to the testimony of the most eminent physicians ad divines, from five to ten year, are taken f'm a man', life by iu use. Can a Christian 'omnuit suicide and still hope for heaven? R- It blunts the moral sennibilities.

BIOGRAPHY.

fflajar Grnrrnl Wialleld Sratt. Major Genetal Winfield Scott, now comman-er-in-chief of the army in Mexico, was born on g instinct towards the military profession he entered the army in 1808 as a captain of light artillery. The breaking out of the war of 1812, leading to a large increase of the army, Scott was rapidly advanced to the rank of lieutenant colonel, his soldierly person, his military knowledge, and h'-s high character as a disciplinarian, recommending him prominently for promotion. Since that period he has been incessantly em ployed in the service of his country, and always with honor to himself. Indeed, so numerous are his exploits, that we must necessarily con dense the account of them. In October, 1812, being in command at Black Rock, he furnished a detachment to assist Lieuj tenant (after wards Commodore) Elliott in cut- ' tiav oat the A rlam. r.U..:. r j. the guns of Fort Erie; and he subsequently de o vuimwuia 1 1 Ulll uUUcr fended the vessels triumphantly against a British force sent to re-capture them. At the battle of Queenstown, after a most heroic insistence, he was overpowered by superior numbers and comI pelled to surrender. Scott was taken to Quebec. but soon after exchanged. Some of the prisoners, who were Irishmen, being threatened with death as British subjects captured in arms against their king, Scott took up their cause and decImnad Amcrican government would retaliate, head for head. This spirited conduct prodnced the desired effect The men were exchanged. In the spring of 1813, Scott returned to the :When the whole country was disheartenor! bv series ot defeats, and when the soldiers were themselves without confidence; but in one short campaign they turned the tide, won the victories ,PP7 8Uperir todd8' Dd xtorted from the British government the very terms of peace, which, six months before, the Prince Regent had rejected. The battle of Chippewa, the first of those glo rious victories was won principally by Scott at tne bead or a single brigade; for with such im nfiiA.itw A', A ft. U ,i a . i T- -. , f ..-.. ulu o.uin, uiai me uriusn were in full retreat before the other brigades could a rrive to hls "'stance. The battle of Lundy's Lane wa8 E011 by Scott, with his single bricade.and oaaB' Delore rown co uld come np with the reTowards the close of this obstinately contested battle, Scott was severely wounded: and in consequence was compelled to retire from the camp for a season. On his way to PhiladelPhi there to seek surgical aid, he stopped at rnncetou. It happened to be commencement day, and weak as he was.he was forced to attend where the audience received him with the utmost enthusiasm. He did not again return to the Niagara frontier, peace having been declared early in 1815. For his gallantry in this war, Scott received a gold medal from Congress, with the brevet rank of Major General. The testimoals awarded him in addition, in the nhnnn nf swords, complimcnrary resolotions from leirisla- i tures, ic. are too numerous to moniin,, in -l-f.il ! high rank, in the Black Hawk war. the Flor.M, war, and the threatened border war in Canada. In 1841, on the death of Major General Macomb, 1 ' I by the battles of Palo Alto and Reeacade la Palma, and by the other primary events of the Mex lean war, Scott was solicitous to obtain con f . . i , . . ... mana oi me army in iuexico. 11 is sagacious plans, then ridiculed by many, have since proved to have been correct The public is familiar with the correspondence which ensued. When . ... - I'ui a lie oi lira vi wtrua uiai ivilvnw tut? ., , , too well known to our readers to require repe- ; r uuvu. luev are, iitrwtrvt-r, ou uriuiau i uiey 1- J -.11 . 1. t- 1 - indeed, -o near to the miraculous, that future agea will place the name of the hero of Vera

the 13th of June, 1786, near Petersburg ya. w u oown ocuea a snort ceDaie. we; " ti'b uie pocseis " mry iiaa noming to ao but to "bide their He graduated atWilliam and Mary Clleee' and' COpybe,OWaportionof the remarks of Messrs. j f . PeoPle was language unknown tolhejtime." and the administration would be com-; Immediately beiran the studv oflaw- but fceW ' C' B" Smilh of Indiana. Vinlon of Ohio j ConMtloii. He supposed, however, that the pe"-d to restore the system of revenue which' immeciateiy began the study oflaw, but feehng. l..,,- gentleman meant that, if the war shnld n, K 1 thev had hrnUn Ltir l. 1

Crux, Cerro Gordo, Chnrubusco, Chapultepec ntiemen from Pennsylvania, Mr. Wiland Mexico side by side with that of the great- moLj The ons nl,der consideration proeat generals of the past j poge ,0 nhf ,he gubj cf recommendation in It is admitted by all competent army officers tne President's message; and the message conthat, a. a strategist, Scott has no superior. It tained no allusion whatever to the subject-mat-must be recollected that however gallantly .r 0r the amendment; and it was also a matter

Worth, Twiggs, Smilh, and the other generals behaved on the battle-held, or whatever gemns

they showed in manoevering when Scott was ' amendment j Mr. . declared that he could not be induced j that if Congress shall legislate in any way absent, they acted usually merely inanexecu-j The gentleman from North Carolina Mr. to give any countenance by his vole to such a upon the subject of slavery, in violation of the tive capacity, and that while theirs were the McKay had declared, in the event that this war system as that The agricultural states of the ; rights of the South she will feel herself at libhand, to execute. Scott', wa. the head to plan, should not be brought to a speedy termination, west, south, and everywhere, could not stand erty to form a new separate, and distinct gov-

The scheme of the whole campaign, from the his willingness to appeal to the pockets of the that taxation. Nowhere, but in the great com- ernment. Gen- Jackson being dead, the chiv- i its adoption destructive to their party declaring injury to the spine. Bleeding, physicing, antilanding at Vera Cruz, to the triumphant entry people to maintain it. Mr. V. desired to know mercial and manufacturing districts, could any airy may as well amuse thenikelves by such rea-! the war to be just and necessary and that they j mouial medicines, aud stimulating embroca into the capital cf Mexico, was hi. and hi. .lone.' whether by thi. declaration the gentleman such system be tolerated for a single day. No olutions as by any other nonsense! Seneca Ad-, go fur the conquwt andannexation of .he whole j tions, are the most likely means of curs fer pal Nral'. Gazette. ' meant to say he was in favor cTa direct lax Southern State, he would affirm, could exist vertixer. ' of Mexico Free Trade,r. sy in th? hr.

BROOKVILLE,

THE T131ES. Congrem Direct Tain The motion of Mr.Wilmot to levy, during th vnr t-. rr.;iKr.o k J:. . i: - j mj unci loAauvu) ueiure n the war. and the wav and msin nf nmwn. ting it, which will repay an attentive perusal. 1 Mr. C.B. Smith spoke at length in opposition i to the general policy of the Administration in relation to the war. But, he said However the war may have been begun, on whomsoever its responsibilities may rest, its evils were now upon us and amongst us; and it became us, as representatives here, to devise some means by which these evils may be arrested, and to see if the war may not be brought to a close, and its calamitous consequences in some degree curtailed and prevented. Mr. S. proceeded to inquire into some of the evils to follow upon the continuance of the war. And first he looked at the state of the finances. The public debt at this time was about 15,000,. 000; and by the estimates of the President, on the 30th of June, 1849, this debt would be increased to $84,649,000. But he proceeded at length to show that little reliance could be placed upon estimates emanating from that source, by an examination and review of the errors in the estimates heretofore submitted. The estimates for the last year were erroneous, and fell below the amount of the debt incurred by the sum of $9,198,296; and from this basis of erroneous estimates ha proceeded to show that the public debt in 1849, instead of $84,000,000 was likely to amount to the enormous sum of more than $103,000,000, the interest on which would exceed Bix millions per annum. If the war was to be continued, he was in favor of direct taxes for its support At the very commencement of the government, the principle was laid down by the administration of Washington, that no public debt should be contracted without providing, at the same time, the means for its liquidation, so that the national credit might be made immortal. During the last session of Congress, the proceeds of the sales of the public lands were pledged for the payment of the loan then called for; and, fifteen days afterwards, they passed a law ceding away sixteen millions of acres of the public domain in the shape of bounty lands. The expenses of this war were already extended greatly beyond the expenses of the late war with Great Britain. For the three years of the late war, the expenses were $76,000,000; while the estimated cost of the present war, to the 30th of June, 1849, is $173,672,000, showing an excess over the expenses of the late war of S97.672,000. ' Mr. S. tlien went into a statement of figures to show that the gentleman from North Carolina Mr. McKay J wss mistaken in his idea, that if the war should be brought to a close, the ordinary revenue of the country would be sufficient to pay the public debt The ordinary rev enue could not be more than thirty millions, while the expenses, if the war should be terminated, would be equal to thirty-five millions; which, with the interest on the debt, would be be raised to forty-one millions annually. Mr. S. inquired what was to be understood by the cabalistic phrase of "indemnity for the past, and security for the future?" He supposed it referred to territory; and cited the correspon dence in the Trist negotiations to show that, as indemnity for the past, the administration had attempted to force upon Mexico the sale of the territory of New Mexico and the Caliroruias, which he denouneed as tyrannical. He avowed his belief that it was not the desire or expecta tion of the Executive to obtain a treaty of peace at present; but that the real object was to proceed, by temporizing means, till the occasion should be made ripe to ennounce the conquest! and absorption of the whole of Mexico; and. to show the ground for this opinion, he read from a late speech in the other end of the capitol, by the chairman there of the Committee of Military Affairs, Mr. Cass. The Indications of peace were still as unsatisfactory as ever. We have had the of "Pace peace," when there was no Peace- The war was to end yet It J peace which might be proposed to her by th,s overnmentAff Vaip.ar Mr. Sawyer (interposing) said: The gentle man says that he believes that Mexico would accept of peace on honorable terms. I would like to hear tli6 terms which be would be willing to consider honorable. "r !ra,lh: 1 W,Uld 6'ad l! lh par,y with whom the gentleman from Ohio acts come forward with their terms of peace, instead of concealing them under a cabalistic phrase. He was glad to hear the gentleman from N Carolina say that he was willing to appeal to 1 the pockets of the people for the justification of; i this war; but he predicted, with confidence, j that as soon as the tax-gatherer should come i Miinil tt,a nnnnlarllv nf tliA Ornillit Vanish , . u u 1. u , . 1 1 V ,,v.p ulul 1. , vi .maw " . ..... u . the popularity of the war would vanish. Vinton said, other important business . . , . . . , . . seemed to demand that this debate should be ., , brought to a close; bat one or two propositions . . . ,. . , in its progress within the last i he desired to notice. In the I fl.v np ttvn. whirh hA ilMirMl tn tinllCA. In ftlA j p&rt wUch he shoM uke he de8ired to Kfn tQ th anwndraeIlt propo8ed on Uie motion of entirely foreign to the subject which agitates tne House. But he had other objections to the

i ..... ... i .VI r. i ntnn TUt- l - i . 1 . t

INDIANA, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 1

Mr. Mckay. I said so, if the war should con- I - tmue. I do not see what right the gentleman j has to interrogate me. I will explain at a prop- " time, speedily brought to a close, he would be for r. ' fortinS to a direct tax, for the purpose of carry- j "s tll0ught he could perceive , ouuio exieni, mis had become a popular doctrine among the democracy; and he had heard that it had been thrown out particularly by a distinguished gentleman from South Carolina. Now, Mr. V. had risen at this time for the purpose of saying, that he should never vote for a direct tax, while there were any other means left by which the revenues of the government could be replenished. He made this specific declaration, also, because the proposition of tUn (. ... . .1 . , the gentleman from Pennsylvania seemed to be ' .. lo M somewhat acceptable to the gentleman from In diana, Mr. C. B. Smith. Sir. Yllin li ... . n , , " tuiiiuieiiceu, you nad a revenue system in nngnilnn :i. ::. ,: , .;. . . 1 ... ' " 11 '"u . , v v iw Ai.-iruv.c u li li i now. iinnpr i ip im, portations of the lust year, would have brought millions and millions into the treasury above what is now realized. The Executive of the country had brought on a war which necessarily ivolved heavy expenditures of money by the government. The war was declared in the month of May, and July following two months afterwards the party then in power established the sub-treasury act.by which the government cut itself off from all aid through the banking institutions of the country. This was the first step that was taken after involving the country in war. Well, what further? While the expenditures of the government were thus increasing, in the month August of the same year, the present tariff act was passed; by which onethird of the amount of revenue derived from customs was at once cut off. Now, there were two parties in our nountry on this subject Those favoring the present law were generally understood to be free trade men; and the doctrine of free trade necessarily and inevitably tended to direct taxation. It terminated there, of necessity. The gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Wilmot) was a free trade man. His proposition, therefore, to impose a direct tax, so far as that gentleman was concerned, was entirely consistent. Sir, (said Mr. V.; I am not a free trade man. I would never resort to direct taxation, while the modes of indirect toxation can be made to answer the demands of revenue. Mr. V. considered the practical operation of this system. Suppose we levy a direct tax, had gentlemen censidered in what way it would operate? The example the late war tlx quoted by the gentleman from Indiana, was no precedent for him. This was a tax of necessity; and if the same necessity existed at the present time, he would resort to the same remedy, because necessity is above all law. At that time, every port of the country was blockaded, and the ordinary sources of revenue thus entirely cut off: and we were of necessity thrown back upon the principles of direct taxation, because we had nothing else to resort to. Was such the condition of this country now? Were we now thrown upon such an extreme necessity, requiring such extreme action? Sir, I believe it is the opinion of the best informed men that it is perfectly easy for this government to obtain an aiinual revenue of forty millions; and I agree with the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. C. B. Smith) that that sum will be necessary. But let me say to the opposition here in this House, that they have inthing to do but to stand still and await the progress of time and event, and these will accomplish for us all we desire. The progress of events will . U,an We can do for """elves "aV6 alredy amved at that point when not merely more revenue will be required than heretofore, but largely more than can possibly be provided under the present revenue system. The great question with the country is, Will you now carry out the free trade doctrine? or will you revive your former system? Will you not rather revive that system which, while it will supply an ample revenue, will, at the same time, do something to support the labor and capital of the country? These are the two systems, and the administration now in power will be compelled to rec ommend one or me otlirr either a revision of the tariff, or a resort to direct taxation. There is no escape. For oiie, I am free to say that I am for no opiates, or anodynes, or small doses. I am for going deeper and further than that. I would, perhaps, lay a duty on tea and coffee, but I would at the same time restore our pro tection to the iron and other great mapufacturj ing interests of the country, now in great danger in consequence of the late revulsions in Europe. If there was ever one question of more importance than another that should particular ly concern the people of Ohio or of Georgia this was that question. The character of legislation by C ingress was such, that the represen- ! lol,ve "om ""o was as much the representa1,16 -ooard as of his own immediate dis,rict- He took another case. Iu the assessniriii proposeo, Massachusetts would hive to supply the same quota with Indiana; and he would ask, if it could be supposed that the peopie of Indiana would stand that? Mr. V. also proceeded to state the estimate of the revenue which would be required during the present year to meet the expenses of the government, which was $62,400,000. Suppose this sum had to be raised by resort to direct taxation. Six millions would have to be raised by the state of Ohio; and that state was already obliged to raise, ! by direct taxation, in consequence of her pub lic debt, about a million and a half annually. Add that to the tax assessed by the general government, and the amount will be equal to all the B,d ud silTer in circulation in that Stat aua " lne oanK Paler

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8, 1848.

under its operation; and he would again declare that he was not disposed to resort to such a svs-' tern to carry on this war. j Mr. V. concluded bv reDeatinrr to hia frind . ' , waiting for th tim nrhon l,tr to that principle; and whenever the prodi?al should return, they would be ready to receive him kindly. I conclusion, Mr. V., in i accordance with his notice given yesterday, de-' manded the previous question 1'nw.iuK M. Clay. j This gentleman has recently addressed a letU,WI wun-tunwuiiivraKiw, ( on me subject of his volunteering in the war with Mexico, as follows: "Congress says there shall be war with Mex-: m1; ' w T , ''T . Mexico. We have done our dutv m h ico W 1 :j - ... played the game, and have lost! What shall we do? Shall we refuse to pay ? You say, - - - - - i yes: I say, no. There is an end of it! 'Losric' j brings us just to this point. Shall we do what . we have agreed to do, or not? You say, no: I say, yes. You must either go with the government, or dissolve the government. For my part, great evils as seemed to me the Texas iniquity and Mexican war, they were yet more sufferable than revolution and the dissolutinu of the Union. There cannot be any middle ground. If you refuse to pay when you lose, there is an end of all playing. If you refuse to carry out the enactments of government, there is an end to all government. Well, but the regular army ought to fight, not you, a volunteer. Why ought the regular to fight? Because he is paid for it. Shall a man be excused for a violation of principle because he is paid? If I committed crime in joining the army, then did every soldier commit the same crime. Why, then, denounce only me? If I committed a crime in going to the war, then did every man in America, denying the justice of the war, who contributed money by paying taxes, or who gave aid and comfort to the army, commit the! SAME CRIME. If there was a man who opposing the justice of the war, who did not use all the energies and means, which, after providing first for himself and his, he owes universal man, in aid of the Mexicans and against the American army, that man committed the same crime. I go boldly a step beyond all this, every man believing the Mexican war unjust unless holding the doctrine of non-resistance, who did not take up arms against the Americans, and who was not ready to peril his life in the Mexican cause, that man committed the same crime. Let impartial rea son then determine, who has been the victim of "log c," you or I. Once more. The jury is the legal creature of the government; the pris oner has undergone a fair trial; all the forms of the law have been complied with: he is condemned to be hung to death. You individually think the man innocent, or you are opposed to capital punishment; will you hang him? If you think with me, you will, if not you will nul.il. a:H 1 I . i ... icuioauu iravo me 10 ao u: i ou are a coward in such case. I say either hang him, or hki.f him. So much for "logic." Once more, Congress lays a tariff upon the importation of foreign sugar, it robs you to sustain slave labor. Will you pay it? You have never thought of doing otherwise; then you have committed the same crime for which lam denounced! Will I pay it? Yes. Be cause it is the law. Will you pay it? "Yes, because I cannot help it." Indeed! There was in Boston once, a set of men who, when an un just tax was laid upon them, by power to which they did not assent, said we will die, but pay no tax! Which were the nobler, vou or vour an. cestors? "Logic" places you in the dilemma of - - j , denouncing your ancestors, or, by admitting uie oungauons ior action are widely dinereut of, losing your argument, In a Republic, it seems to me to be the duty of every good citizen to advocate what he deems

I. .. . 1 .i 1 .Hi ...I have com upon us by t,,e annexa,ion of Texas i were lonS 8,nce 8ecn by me' as 'e" M b' eve" ! r' intel!igent observer of human events. I would, that I had pessessed eloquence equal

uui, nen i.iepuDiic win uas been deh- my country, that such will be the judgement nitely declared in a legal form, though it be di-' of Christendom." Reverdy Johnson, ametrically opposed to his. he ought in good I Abiuhoj;. faith fo carry out that will dissolve the gov-j Mr. Joseph Evans, an intelligent and inernment by revolution or leave the country, duslrious farmer residing in Gasper township, It does not follow, that you ought to have gone butchered a hog last week that weighed six huuto the war, or that thousands of other persons dred and ninety pounds, who has a bigger ought to have gone; they and you may have one? Eaton Register. been more useful in other vocations. "Wake up, here, and pay for your lodging," But this I say that you and every other man said the Deacon, as he nudged a sleepy stranger in this Republic who voles or partakes of its with the contribution box. protection, should have "aided nnd abotted" me Westeren Verdict. A Jury, in one of the and the American army who did go to the war, western counties in Michigan who had been until the proper authorities had concluded it by silting on a trial for stealing a jug of whiskey, a peace. It suited my temperament to play the' rendered the following verdict: soldier, yours to be tax-payer. I trust we have We, the Jury, find the defendant not guilty, both discharged our whole duty. Iu going to and recommend him to mercy. The Sheriff the war then, it was possible to have been con- jto treat the Jury the attorneys to pay the costs sistent, it was possible to have been a soldier in and the Judge to fill the jug which the defendthe pro-slavery Mexican war, and yet to have ent drank out of, and which the jury have empbeen an honest anti-slavery man. My motives, 1 tied during the trial. then, not the act; must determine my consis-j Jj A young lady, seeing her lover run in tency. Now, long before the declaration of preat haste to meet her, asked the cause of his the war, I avowed in public speeches in the hurry. North, that I would go to it Why was I not j Mjdam," replied her lover,"I was following then denounced? The earnestness which I my inclination." displayed in this cause gave me the reputation Paetry and PraTUiana. of being a fanatic. The untold woes which "Have you the 'Lays of the last minstrel,"'

the infinite issue that our nation had been I we have good fresh hen's egjs that we can warspared her great crime that the Constitution of ( rant were laid no longer than last week." my country were yet unbroken that her mil- Clerical Wit. As the Rev. Mr Field, lions of treasure had been spent in the libera-j formerly of Westminster, Vl, went to give his tion of the children of her own soil, that the vote at au election, a man of opposite politics blood of the great dead had not beeu shed inl expressed surprise at seeing him there, and to vain that the tears of widow and orphans hadj confirm his objection quoted the remark ol the not moistened so many hearths, now desolate ' s.ivior, that his "kingdom was not of this world." forever! j ''Has no man a right to vote," replied the witty

Brava. Resolutions have been introduced by a mem ber of the South Carolina Legislature declaring

FUX AND FANCY.

Hla They are slaves who fear to speak. For the fallen and the weak. They are slaves who will not choose, Hatred, scoffing, and abuse. Rather than in silence shrink From the truth they needs must think. They are slaves who dare not be In the right with two or three. ( n;miowil wit. While the bill to increase the rates of duties was before the House of Representatives in 18-24 Mr. Clay made a motion to increase the duty on molasses two cents per gallon. This produced some excitement amonr the members irora lenecticut, .Massachesetts, and some others in the east. Grn. II , then a ReDresentajtivefrom Tennessee, and now a senator from Texas, intendin to be witt v, and at the same .. ... - U " ""le CarCaSliC Iaid n lhe tab,e th fo'avinrrlln... - - , "Molasses in the East, how sweet they are I guess they claim pecularcare From all who love to eat good candy. And to drink rum instead of brandy!" The lines were returned in a few minutes, with the following reply: "Molasses in the East is sweet. For Yankee urchins good to eat; But 'possum-oil far in the West I reckon still is thought the best' So eat your oil and grease your faces, While we eat candy and Molasses!'" Mtrcng. The editor of the Boston Courier In speaking of the rumor that Daniel Webster would be a candidate for Vice Paesident upon the ticket with Gen. Taylor, says; " h is not in man that walketh to direct his steps;' but we trust we shall never be so thoroughly deserted by all good influences, as to support Gen. Taylor for President; but if such degradation should fall to our lot, we pray to Heaven we may not be lost iu that lower deep of degeneracy, that would re quire us to support Daniel Wedster for an office so much beneath his acceptance." Rad ( hamdi r in strbMl. It has been decided in Massachusetts that a pupil cannot be turned out of school for bad character. The Judff ruled that th nN. . boy's character was, the more need of school influence to reform it "O dear!"blubberd out an urchin who had just been suffering from an application of the birch "O my! they tell me about 40 rods makes a furlong, but I can tell a bigger story than that It them get such a p!:iguey ticklin' as 1 had, and they'll find oui that one rod makes an acher." A flagrant insult was oflVred to a worthy creaturo at Pittsburgh, a few days since; a lighted cigar to one of the elephants of a Managerie. The elephant acknowledged his politeness with a wipe over the ribs, which sent him half across the arena: Big as the elephaut was, he was not beast enough to smoke in public Nntrimouial Felicity "My love," says Mrs. Foozle to her husband, "oblige me with twenty dollars to-day, to purchae a new dress." "bhan t do any such a thing, Agne; called me a bear yesterday." -you "Law, love, that was nothing I meant by it that you were very fond of hugging." "You're a saucy a little puss,(sound heard like the explosion of a pistol,) but here's a fifty." An Important ?I:ion. Doctor Coveutry, of the Geneva Medical College, has been appointed by the Geneva and Buffalo Celieges as a commissioner to visit Europe, for the purpose of acquainting himself with the nature and proper treatment of the Cholera. Pretty An exchange, in endeovoring to get at the motives which actuated President Polk in fit ting out the Dead Sea expedition, hazards the opinion that his object is to fish up Sodom and Gomorrah, to annex them to the United States! CF"l8 the war just and honorable, or not? I think it is, and I hope for the good name of " a city Miss addressing a young man who ; stood behind the counter of a country store not ; lnany miles from Worcester. "No, we hav'nt toanJ. 0fthem kind," said the obliging clerk,"but clergyman, "unless he belong to the kingdom - ! of Satan. Northampton Courier (j3The "Old Hunver" portion of the Locofoco party in New l ork, have held their Mate Convention at Albany. They have issued an address, denouncing the" Barnburners" as trait or the Wihnot Proviso as unconstitutional, &

VOL. XVI NO. 8

THE FARMER. mpwtnnce mf Educating the Farmer. It is calculated that the division of the occupations of men in the United State, i. nearly in the following proportions: Engaged in Internal Navigation, 23,076 " Ocean - 56,021 " the learned professions 65,255 " Commerce, 119,607 " Manufacturers, 791,749 " Agriculture, 3,719,951 Thus It will be seen that those who are engaged in agriculture are three and a half time greater in unmber than those in all other divisions. The agriculturalists consequently have the physical and numerical power, and can at any time control every government in the United States, and give tone to public opinion. But do they? No, indeed, for however powerful they may be in number, they are weak in influence, and this arises from want of proper education. The sixty-five thousand, two hundred and fifty-five, engaged in the learned professions, are Intellectually stronger than tho three millions, seven hundred and nineteen thousand, nine hundred and fifty one, engaged in agriculture, and therefore hvlk them. If it were not so, seven eighths of the officers in the country would not be held by lawyers and dootors; nor would all the colleges and high schools be endowed principally for the benefit of the learned professions. Farmers, when will you arouse yourselves to the dignity and importance of your calling, and educate yourselves to that height of intelligence which will make you the rulers instead of the ruled of the other professions? There is surely nothing to prevent this if you will only be true to yourselves. Look at the millions annually thrown away upon the horrid barbarities of war or the preparations for it, and the honors that are awarded to those engaged in shedding a brother's blood, and compare these with the pitiful and downright contemptible snms which are grudgingly dosed out for your benefit Every occupation in the country seems to be bountifully provided for, save that of the farmer, and surely no one is to blame for this but yourselve, for if you choose, you need only speak to your servauts, your rulers, and a reform might be had at once. Ponder these things well, then, and in the Legislatures, assembled this winter. speak out and demand equal benefits with the most favored of the other professions. American Agriculturist Farmers and tiisir Children. Oue of the first duties ef the agriculturist is, to endeavor to elevate himself and theclass to which he belongs. And tlys can only be done by intelligence and faithfulness to all his duties. No idea is more injurious to the best interests of the farming population than that of educating some one child for what is called a "learned profession," and then regarding him aj on this account superior to the other members of the family. Let our farmers endeavor to educate all their children thoroughly, not giving bread to one an 1 stones and serpents to the others. Let them bear in mind that education is a. necessary to, and as much adorns and improve the cultivator of the soil, as the lawyer, the physician, ar the minixter. The more intelligent the man, the better the Farmer ajd, if virtuous, the more respected anJ useful Uie citizen. Ta Drive Hat. A correspondent of the Boston Cultivator recommends potash for this purpose. The rats troubled him very much, having eaten through the chamber floor; they appeared in great numbers, and were very impudent and troublesome, so that he felt justified in resorting to stratagem and severe treatment for their expulsion from his premises. He pounded up polish and strewed it around their holes, threw some nnder the holes, and rubbed some on the side, of the boards, and under part, where they come thro". Th next night they heard a squealing among J 'hem, which he supposed was from the caustic nature of the potash that got among their hair. or on their bare feet They disappeared, and h has not been troubled with them since that time, which was nearly a year. Ta Drive away Ant. I saw In your paper a plan to drive away red ants by feeding them with bacon; but the following is better than that it is to drive away black ants. When they trouble your sugar box, &.C., just roll up a small piece of camphor gum in a paper, and put inside the box, and it will soon kill and disperbe all these intruders; sage leaves thrown in th--ir war r very troublesome to them. Ohio Cultivator. 1'he Harwri "Trentmrnt af outninta. The Back Sore is a complaint which is very common to young horses when they first travel. To prevent it, their backs shou'd be cooled every time they are baited, and now and then washed with warm water, and wiped dry with a linen cloth. The best core for a sore back is a lotion of 1 oz. of Goulard's extract (sugar of lead and vinegar,) 1 oz. of turpentine, 1 ox. of spirit of wine, and 1 pint of vinegar. Sprais or thi Back Sinks s. This i often occasioned by the horse being overweighted, and being ridden far and fast especially if his pasterns are long; but it may occur from a false step, or from the heels of the shoes being too much lowered. A sprain of the back sinews is detected by swelling and heat at the back of tha lower part of the leg; puffiness along the course of the sinews; extreme tenderness so far as tha swelling and heat extend, and very great lameness. The first objet t is to abate the inflammation, and this should be attempted by bleeding from the plate vein: by means of which blood U drained from the inflamed part; next local applications should be made to the back uf the leg, in the form of fomentations of water sufficiently hot and frequently repeated; at the earn time, a. much strain as possible should be taken from the binew, by putting a high calkin ou the heel of the shoe. Palsv. Old carriage horses, and horses of draught of every kind, although uot absolutely paralyzed, have often great stiffness in their gait aud difficulty in turning: it is usually confined to the hinder limbs, and are sure evidences of