Indiana American, Volume 15, Number 14, Brookville, Franklin County, 2 April 1847 — Page 1

JMMIAMA

11 ..r..

CAM

-lltkl.:

o Ol'B COM NTRT OCR COC.NTKV's INTE Rl STS A W OCR COrNTllv's THIRDS. BV C. F. CLAI!KSO. BUOOKVILLE, INDIANA, FRIDAY, APRIL 2, ISiT. VOL. XV XO. 14.

ADDRrsS ON FEZIALE EDUCATION, Ot.'itvjWflr Cafe -&, Drcem&rt H, nt. itwx.Jmmw, cr cut. Ci.tr im si. Bat those who contend for th inferior i y of the female u.iad ask the question, --.hy$ it 'tt in our country distiiicuiHietl m.iisofar outnumber distinguished' wo.f.ii;1 As a miner of fact, ihi must almitteJ. Our country abounds with 3?n who rise fax above their fellow in s.jlendor and usta)nefVhi!e similar ins.ances amon wbnVeo are. but few. l-re there, like atatWin astormy night, a Voliant appears, aizles the eye for a tu omeul and then goes out. Let me answer this question, also, by asking another. Wuence comas the galaxy of bril ' i it lights stretched across the hemisrire, f.-om one extreme to ihe other? V 2 th? the sons of the rich, tha great powerful? No. not thjy. Witj few' acsptions. all ths distinguished men of nrns'ion hive arisen from the humsierl walks of life, by their on unaided eff rt whi'e, commuted a society is, it ij next to imposib!a for a woman, bv hir n,.n 1

eforts, to rife one step above the lerol on which she eaters the staa of life, fly a I'teky marriage, or someoiher whim of firinne, her con i:tio:i is s m Mi:n-s mile belter; but she never rise fion ohscu.-ity to splendor by an effort of her own. Why this .iitTi.-ence? Let mo illustrate by a ftnilur example. Francis and Isabella were c iildren of the same birth nursed o i t ie sama bosom -dandled on thr same knee-hujlted to sleep by ihesama lull,by fed o:i the sj-jij homely fire rial h the sa ne russet weed; an J poss-sed ortiiniliy of ihe same powers of mind. Both were orphans before they svv the :;;ht. In infancy ihey lived to poverty, t d in youth supported a widowed mothtv by their daily labor. Doih sp-ung up maturity, he a mm and she a w inu,, "houteven the rudiments of an EnUh -'.ncaiion. As yet ambtiot ha! never! Jisiuroea tne repose of either. Francis hal heard of towns and cities, and wise n;i. and great men, and schools and colItii where the sons of rich people learnei s'rtnge thing; an i impelled by soma miscount ihle em ition he wandered Irotr: hometosse and hoar for htoneX By chance he heard wise men talk, and he saiito hmiself, "I, too, will ba wise.' H) heard an orator entraiiv?e the m-ilti-tule with his eloquence, an J he said, ' I too. will be an orator." He went home, and, exchanging work with a country schoolmaster, learned to rea4. But he had no books, and no one give him anv U worked whilo sluggards slept, 'and with his earnings bought a b k, and rea 1 it. By the tame process he bought an oth cr, and read t'l a alsi; and another a t I another, until the 1-arnei, who know but one wsyof getting knowledge, wonderra now n nu teamed so much. Fori a while the gre,t ones laughed at hi n, but I in v tin. They f-owned on him. hm t eject. He was neither to be laughed n r frowned from the arena. He 'pursued hs way with awkward bat gigantic step. I'll at length, the eae with which he trod down opposition gave a grace to his m ition, and a charm to his rudeness. Envy u icoiled hr snakes a he paed at on. "But tiott whs hatrd drJ not o .t.tpi,f At length, when their fnend-i:p could be or no service to htm. the creat o-ies teached out the ban I, and he co.f escet ied to accept it. The fair ones smild npn him, an I hesfoipe to receive their ca'ees. He aliied'him-telf to wealth and power, and b th are honored by the alliance. But what berel the sister? Before her brother ha 1 set his foot on the thresh h! l of the temple of fsme, he was married to an inglorious clowo, the mother of a ramtly. and doomed to drudge out her days in obscurity from which her brother cannot now rescue hr. Such is Vie fate of thousands of women, endowed with talents that would have cast a hundred Hemans into the shade, if, before se r iree of a family came upon them. thbiokof knowledge had been spread r?f re their eres. Fuil many ftm of puret rr trrrne, Trdrk nnHithomert cre ol" "nrran bear; Fnil mint a flowrr ii burn to blush umrrn, Ad wane it irrtntf on the iirert air." Away, then, forever away with th vulgar notion that lasies have not capiu? fr learning. Hitherto they lave not had time to learn. They have not had opportunity to learn. They have not had encouragement to learn. Gravity and wit have laid ill-aorted heads together to defeat their efforts. Learning an J ignorance have agreed together to deny Their pretensions; an 1 gallantry, their sole defender, has flittered their beauty at the expense of their understanding. Only give them a place in the lists, and an equal chance for the prize, and depend upon it, tn the race of learning they will outstrip the ungenerous pedants who laugh at their pretentions. But our adversaries say, that, admitting Udies to have capacity for learning equal to that of gentlemen, they have no occasion for the higher branches of education. This position is usually backed by ridicule rather than argument. The tale is told of Milton.whohid no son,that when ssked if he intended to leach his daughters the difleient tongues, repiied, "one tongue is ennugmnr a woman." Milton was a Creat and learned man; but in the character of a father he was little better than a brute. He "took no middle flight" himself; but contrived to keep his chtldren to deplorable ignorance. He was the greatest scholar or his age, and spent the prime or his life in the vocation of a school master, not far filthy lucre, as he tells u,but to promote the cause of education; but his own daughters were never taught to write ao mtch as their own names. They had "but one tongue," and yet in his blind old ae, when he was writtr his chris- - . - f ... Tar- - - ..oct,' he fivrarl them to t- ,., .

u. tr.L . uaun, ins Italian, the Spa .ish, and Hip French tongues, of neither of which thev understood one word. His t.nly surviving granddaughter, who followed the trade of a Chandler in Cock lane, was so igno rant that she had lost the spelling of hiname. and retained little other recollec una oi ner g.and father but his harshnes. to his daughters, and litj refusal to hav, them taujhl to write. M.U.m, according -Johnson, held that man was made only M rebel, and woman to submit; and in hi gross ignorance, or disregard of the right, ot women, rather than in any fault of her may be round the reason whv the wifeor hts youth abandoned him. ir inthe springs of domestic happn.es, himself. u uenmns tn.s mismrtune of his own a specimen of the best, it wa, alllra, e. nnugh that in his "Para.lu-o r .... , , ii r between Adam and Eve, in ihe garden of na, a ucIiever in Chrtstianitv. a hp iin,t.ln :.. " "eiore tne u . m mm . . o . . ncr ni writing prayers and hymns for otlr. th. ....;- them himself, charity say, he'is now in better world; but, if Uie doctrine of pu ra- . .. . ..c inic, may we not suppose, that as punnineni tor his neglect of duty to! .... nc ,.,3 uoomec lor a whi! 10 wau the night" in ghostly Cock hue. u"i iiv 1 11 p ngnt 'Or starry lamp., and Maiin err,.ef Tea but by the "light of his grand-datiahter's tallow candles, and condemned toVsten to her vulgar wrangling, with her clown ish hubnd. about the proceeds of the play of his own immortal Com ts. I Btit, perhaps Milton thought, like a learned gentleman of my own city, that to educate women i:i the higher branches J f learning, would give them a disrelish ! for toeir domestic duties, and destroy j their usefulness as daughters, wives, and ; mothers. Were we to speculate on this! stlhiprt I J....I.. ..--. . . - 11. uL.i.ii wie result wou,i j "!,r 'iT"r. uut et 11, never speculate, when we have the light of experience before our eyes. " Look around, then, and read the lessons before vou.Who are those ladies who are always at ho ne, when they have no busiess aily where elss-wh 0 visit their acpuatntances to renew anl perp-tuata old and endearing Iriendship-whopatro the streets on errands of benevolence-whine fam.. tes and households at home are patterns or neatness, taste and economy? They arc ihe ladies whose education is substantial-thorough-masculine, if you rrefihe term. On the other hand, who are those who ' gad about" to collect and distribute the scandal of the city ? Who parale ths streets, to show their finery and m.ke tmprsssions? Who involve their husbands hopelessly in debt for splendid eqmppages, and dash throuoh fashionable amusement, while their chiU oren are leU 10 the care of ignorant and crabbed nurses, to have their earliest lisp, mgs corrupted with barbarious English, and their tempera spoiled by revolts against the undignified government of a subordinate? They are the la lies whose education is shallow, and who? reading is light. Whose parents, instead of imbu ing their min Is with the soo l and solid principles of m,ntal. nnral ant rrlii.. ... education, studied only to make them at tractive, ny teaching them all that showy, empty an I worthless. is But the city is not the best place to note the workings out of anv system, particularly on the character of women; because, there thelyranny of fashion controls every thingfand moulds, for the time being all descriptions of people to ih same model. Let us look to the connt.v, where human beings are planted at sum' cient distances to develope fairly the combined influence of nature and education. The society or people, commonly called Qnakers, always educate there daughters a well and as thoroughly as their sons. If the sons are taught to read, the daughters are taught to read also. If the sons are taught to write, the daughters are .1,1 a.. a xiiiiii u write aiso. it the son, ri

..r eorew,ir,- Syr.ac.the Greek, the

aughtariihmeuc,the daughters are taught j firmed her employer, his wife, and wife's arithmetic also; and so on pari passn, to j sister, in the belief that she was the Mesthe highest grade of human knowledge, siah, and caused themto worship her as And what is the consequence? Do we such. In the fulfilment of her divine meet in this society the ruinous abandon-! mission, she ordained that her once eminent ordom-stic habits, so much dreaded ' p'oyer,but now abject servant, should kiss by my learned friend? On the contrary, j her every morning. Tiis rather turned there is no sect in the world, taking them ! his faith and his stomach too, and he inby and large, that can exhibit such models' continently ejected the impositor from his of domestic economy of neatness and ' household. Not so his wife and sister

ncceney aaroaJ nf comfort and cleanlines at home. No tables are so well spread, at the same cost io children so 'v"M""i 1,1 ie; same expense. And as to family discipline, a Quaker lady, with a countenance as placid as a summer's morning, and an accent as mild as a summer's breeze, says ''to one. en. and h -,. .1- O M 1. 1 ! .1 . I. . eth; and to another, come, and he cometh;!

..c, sriwui, uo mis, ana ne uoeth j i II. Walker, the celebrated Texan Ranger, by a minister of Washington City. here then, shall we set up the ne plus t In accepting it, he wrote: -The early ttitra or woman's learning? Where shall ' lessons of piety and virtue, taught by ladies leave off. while gentlemen press on-i my humble parents, amid the influence ward? Into what profound mystery of of religions and moral examples, have enscience shall man be permitted to enter, j abled me thus far to steer clear of many wnere women may not follow? Not ong ' vices and have left me with a clear constno I conversed with a learned theolo-1 science, which will enable me to brave all gian, employed in the education of young j necessary dangers to extend the area ladies, with whom I had the pleasure to of freedom in both civil and religious af. agree m every particular but one. He ' fairs, and also to enrorce the rights of my was satisfied that in all respects young la-; beloved country." dies should be as thoroughly educated as

a ia .1 I r l . - . i . i - . young gentlemen, except theology, and the learning preliminary to its study. N uhout discussing the question, whether j the Almighty ever intended the christian j ministry to be a distinct profession pur- ' oread, like engineering and snip building. I mnsl be allowed to epress free.y my conviction, that so far as theology has anv thina tn dn with iKa 'tiC'tv ot vac pnr l i: h practical reNron -or tui ifvhi:: men 2 t t Ii -ir,- i !.. v. anl wo - i '," 2?

"fit by ladies cannot be of secondary importance. At what period of life, and by whom rf the first piinciplea of religion implanted in the mind? A moment's pause, and each one will decide the question for him"If. They are implanted in infancy by he mother. The mother first sprinkles the dews of salvation on the opening bud, and guarifs the expanding flower and emI'ryo fruit from blast and rr.ildew. If.ihen, the first princinles of rel

fv the moiher.ought she noi to understand them well herself? But woman is not onlv th tP.rl.o, r religion at the openins of life h.u .1 close. Who is it that lingers about the bed of death, a minister of rnn.nixi.m r ler heart and flesh and earthly hope have .aucru. 11 woman. Sympaiheuc, warm-hearted, enthusiastic, elooiient woman. Eloquent in her words eloouent in her actions eloquent in her tears. Yes, eloquent in her tea r ff.A mn.l iiingi precious gem which brightens this dark and selfish world of onr. is -IVetr rWo'':" h forothert woet; W Inch pnnr at onre,bri?lit.pPv.rrm mine Already policed by thr hand Divine. P T And shall not the priestess of her nwn domestic altar, the first and the last teacher of religion, be educated in all that legitimately belongs to ii? And as to all the rest, let that go; give me all the theol.igv proper for woman to kno W. and ffr'ianiiii oil the rest for a bag of chaff, and bring me that, that, without the imputation of sacrilege, I may scatter it to the w inds. Conclusion nes t week. A Contrast An account of the opening of Parliament.and the accompannying ceremonies 8tates that "the extreme darkness, orcas' io:1ed hT h fogiiness and gloominess of the weather, rendered it necessary to ,'2ht "P "use, so that a much mnie brilliant eff-rl was produced than is ever "SU;1 by daylight.and the jewels worn bv l 1. 1 . . ... smme respienaently." In the milst of this snlendid irmo rounded by flashing ditmonds and peatls the younaQieen delivered her opening speech, more thin half of which is taken "P wnh the afftirs of suffering Ire'.and.No greater contrast could exist between the gloom or ihe sky without, and the brilliancy of the spectacle within, than is presented in theconditinn of thestarving peasants of Ireland.and proud peers and courtly dames upon whose ears the Royal message fell. Think or England's nobility, in its pomp and pride, a small portion tr whose rent-roll, a Tew of whose brilliant jewels, wuld carry happiness to thousands of miserable hearts; and then, puce by their side, in imagination, if we can, the ghastly victims of starvation in Irelandrom the strong man bowed down with hunger to the little child dying of want and murmuring.wiih its last breath. "Mother, give me three grains of corn." Can we place them side by side? Can we think or one portion or God's creatures being thus favored, another, thus cursed, without feeling, to the inmost core of the heart, that there must be a great day or compensation in a ruture slate; a great day, when a more imposing assemblage than any earthly Parliament shall be gathered in the presence or the August Majesty or Heaven, and revealed by a brighter light than any earthly illumination,the peer without his coroner, and the peasant, now the equal or a king! shall stand side by side, known only as MEN, and judged by their deeds off iety and mercy when on earth? Surely a truth like this must h ive its weight with every mind, whether in aristocratic England, or Republican America, where Providence has crowned our baskets and our store with such overflowing abundance. Rich. Republican. Horc Human Frailty. The Brooklyn (N. Y.) papers of a recent date contained a strange statement, from which it appears that a colored woman living as a servant at Williamsburg in the family of a copper plate engraver rlitiiltt hiloinoea in V V - . i who was so indignat at the violence which hid he'en done to ihe ol the psuedo proprietess, actually preferred to follow her forth as disomies rather than remain after she had gone. Tiny are now both in the lunatic aslvum. Cipt Walker .md the Bible. A Ilittia ilita j eoosinl I tt n raaa a .s. .1 ..'... r Temporary mi,.7.-Says the Albany Knickerbocker, "there is nothing takes the starch out of an aristocrat so soon as nominated him to some office thtt comes before the people. He's as fawning as a j dog ;riJ as polite anl neighborly as a Fenrh rtanrirt mt.ttrs Vo hnl lot i him, once get a permanent office, that nrilnl,..D..i- ... r - - : - -. , and how nciclly they '.'. afTct hatetir .t ., . ,, i . . ; Independence of justice afd h'imtr. r, tf not common arn?.

GIVE ME TflR HAND, av 00DVAN BAatfarClv mr the hand that it warm, kind and ready; Oir me the clasp that it calm, true and tteady; Oire me the hand that will neer deeeiTe me 1 Give me its prap that t aye may tyliere thee. Soft ii the palm of the delieate woman! Hard i the hand of the rough tturdy yeoman! Soft palm or hard hand, it matters not nerer! Cireme the Rratp that it friendly for ever. Give me the hand that it true at a brother; Give me the hand that hat harmed not another; Give me the hand that hat nerer fort wore it; Give me itt &rap that 1 aye may adore it. Lovrly the palm of the fair btue-Trin'd maiden! Horny the hand of the workman o'rrladen! Lovely or ugly, it mattert not nerer! Gire me the gratp that it fnndly for erer. Gire me the rrtp that it honest and hearty, Free at the breeze, and unshackled br nartr.

Let friendthip gire me the grasp that become, her, Close at the tuieof the rinet of the summer. Girt me the hand that it true at the brother; Give me the hand that has wrong'd not another; Soft palm or hard hand, it mattert not nerer! Give me the grasp that it friendly for ever. The Stream of Life. By l?"m. C. Bryant. Oh, silvery ttreamtet of the fields, That flowrst full and free I For thee the rains of Spring return, The Summer dewt for thee ; And when thy latett hlotiomt die, la Autamn't thilty showers, The Winter fountains gush for thee. Till May brings back the flowert. Oh, Stream of Lift ! the violet springs Rut once beside thy bed ; But one brief Summer, on thy path, The dewt of Heaven are shed. Thy parent fountains shrink away, And close their cryttal veins. And where thy glittering current flowed The dust aloue remains. How beautiful are the following lines from Talfourd's Ion: " 'Tit a tittle thing To give a cup of water, yet in draught Of cool refreshment, drained by revered lipt. May give a thock of pUasure to the frame, More exquisite than when nectarean juice Renews the life of joy in happiest hours. It is a little thing to speak a phrase Of uncommon comfort, which by daily use Has almost lost its tense ; yet on the ear Of him who thought to die unmourn'd ; 'twill fall Like choicest mutie ; fill the glazing eye With gentle trars, relax the knotted hand To know the bonds of fellowship ayain." AMERICAN AUTHORS. FROM On. ORMWOLD's "PR08B WRITEB0." Just published by Carey $ Hurt. JONATHAM EDWARDS. The first man or the world during the second quarter of the eightsenih century was Jonathan Edwards of Connecticut. As a theologian. Robert Hall and Timmai Chalmers admit that h was thu nroxtoit who has lived in the Christian ages; and as a metaphysician Dugald Stewart and Sir James Mackintosh agree that he was never surpassed. In Great Britain and on the continent of Europe men disavowed belief in some of his doctrines,bul confessed that they had only protests to oppose to them: Edwards had anticipated and refuted all arguments. Adopting some of his principles, others built up for themselves great reputations by pei verting them or deducing from them illegitimate conclusions, lu whatever light he is regarded, he commands our admiration. He was unequalled in intellect and unsurpassed in virtue. Ilacon was described as the "wisest and the meanest of mankind;" but Edwards, not inferior tn the immortal Chancellor in genius,suffers not' even an accusation of anything unbecoming a gentlemen, a philospher, or a Christian. Born in a country which was still almost a wilderness; educated in a oollege which had scarcely a local habitation; settled, a large part of his life, over a church upon the confines of civilation.and the rest or it in the very midst of barbarism, in the humble but honourable occupation of a missionary, he owed nothiiig to adventitous circumstances. With t fragile body, a fine imagination, and a spirit the most gentle that every thrilled in the presence cr the beautiful, he seemed of all men the least fitted for the great conflict in which he engaged. But He who, giving to Milton the Doian reed, sent out his seraphim to enrich him with utterance and knowledge, with fire from the same altar purified the lips of Edward, to teach that "irue religion consists in holy afrctions,"lhe spring or all which is "a love tr divine things for their ovn beauty and streefnes." THE STYLE OF DR. FRANKLIN. Franklin's style is in all respect Rdmtr. able. That of his scientific papers, in simplicity, clearness, precision and con densation. is unparaleled. Discarding the symbols of geometry, and indeed all technical language, he succeeded in presenting the most difficult problems and abstruse speculations in the shortest space. ana so perspicuously that a child could perfectly understand them. That of his letters and essays is various, but always excellent. It is much better than Addison's of w hom he has absurdly been called a copyist.because he mentions as one of his boyish experiments an attempt to write in the manner of the SpectaAoV It is more concise and pointed, clear and forcible, and has quite a much wit and humor, ease and elegance. Bowditch might as well be called and imitator of Daboll, because he once worked out some of the propositions of that famous arithmelican. John Marshall as Chief Justice. Mr. Marshall's career as Chief Jistice extend ir.2 throuoh a neriod of more than thirty-four years,which is the largest judical tenure recorded in history. To one nhit rsnnnl f.illniss Hi. sia.i .,A ments, in which, at the same time, the itaniksof I...I . J;... i j i.u.t::.. rs .. rn limi'.s of human reason measured, the Tsn;nge of just eulogy moat wear an sn-iarvv-e f cs'ravjjin.-e In his own

profession he stands for the reverence of

the wise rather than forth pmh tlaiaam of the many. The proportion of the figure was so perfect, that the sense of its vastness was lost; Above the difficulties of common minds, he was in some degree above their sympathy. Saved from popularity, by the very raiity of his qualities, he was best understood. The questions upon which his judgment was detained, end the considerations by which his decision was at last determined, were such as ordinary understandings, not merelv couiu not resolve, but were often inadequale even to appreciate or apprehend. It was his manner to deal directlv with the results of thought and learning, and tne lengtn and labour of the process by wnieh these results were soggisted and

vrifi,t m;t,i -i.,j--.k uny atiance in me man wi nerever.fied.m.ght elude the consciousness of ; aller be chargeable with postage, and that those who had not Hsinis iMiiamni.Ji.L. . .. . v e 1 n "

to perform them.' From the position in which he stood of evident superiority to his subject, it was obviously so eav for - - v isiov w v a uitcuiuicu j - him to describe its character and define its relations, that we sometimes forget to wonder by what faculties or what efforts he had attained to that eminence. We were so much accustomed to see his tnind move only in the lieht. that there was danger of our not observine that the illu- , .... mination by which it was surrounded was the beam of its own presence, and not the natural atmosphere of the scene. Lives of Calhoun and Webster. A notice of the ereat statesman nf ih south is naturally followed bv one or the illustrious New E tgl in ler who sits oddobite to him iu the Senate, and who from their first entrance into Congress has been his most powerful and most constant an tagonist. Daniel Webster and John Caldwell Calhoun were bom in the same year. One is the son of a respectable northern farmer, who emigrated into New Hamp shire when it was a wilderness, and serv ed as an Officer in the old Frenrh war and the Revolution; and the other of a souther planter, or similar circumstances, who was a pioneer in the forests of Caro lina, and with ihe same rank, fought the Cherokees and Ihe British. The fathers - f ItAlk aarna it i .1 lu . I .t. ! . I I of both, after distinguishing themselves in tne nelJ, were called to honorable civil stations, but thev continued to be cultivators of the soil, and their sons, af ter partially acquiring their education, decided to follow their inherited occupations, and passed some three years in the quiet pursuits of agriculture. What changed the purpose of Webster is un known, but Calhoun was led to study his profession by the nist appreciation of an elder brother. When Christopher Gore presented his pupil, young Daniel Webster, for admission to the bar of Boston, he ventured a prediction of his future eminence, which all his present fame has not more than fulfilled; and Doctor D ight, about the same time, at the close of a class examination at Yale College, foretold that his southern student, John Caldwell Calhoun, would one day be President of the United States. For a while, they lingered about the northern and southern horizons, and then simultaneously shot up into mid heaven, with a efady.but different lustre.to fix the gaze, not of their admiring countrymtyyonly, but or mankind. Whatever maf wow or hereafter be the estimation in which any man or men engaged in our public affairs qjay be held. Daniel Webster and John Caldwell Calhoun will continue to be regarded as the representatives of the genius and of the leading opinions in political philosophy; held by the northern and southern states of the confederacy in the first half of the nineleeth century. Mr. Calhonn in Debate. Mr.Calhoun is in many raspects one of the most extraordinary men of the nineteenth century, an I is undoubtedly one of the few for whom this peiiod will be memorable in after times. His elequence is altogether unlike that which is supposed to belong to a new Country, or to a demomocracy, which is the eloquence of passion. Its power is from an excessive refinment and submission of the mind, and carries it forward with irresistible force;and its glow from the vehement energy and rapidity with which his argument is conducted. In his intellectual constitution he more than any other statesman resembles Jonathan Edwards. His mind has the same 'ouirknesa of DerJ r eeption, subtle sharpness of descriratnaunn, ana comprenensive giasp. ne lias the same sincerity ol conviction, fervor of tone and heartiness of purpose. One of the differences between him and Ed wards is in the manner of approaching a point of controversy. The great divine who gave to metaDhysics so much of the r J exactness and certainty of mathematics, assauea tne central proposition of his antagonist cautiously, and bv arious trains of reasoning, each of which seemed con clusive, nut an oi wnicn.startin? at mtt- ---- 1 r- I erent points and ending in the same re-j suit, were overwhelming. Mr.Calhoun, on the contrary, fixes his eye at once upon the essential issue; and upon this expends his whole force: and his clear and sKiiuui analysis aim rapid generalization are not unworthy of that great master of logic, to whom in perspicuousuess of ar rangement and in the hard polish of his diction he is frequently superior. Speeches of Clay. The distinguishing characteristic of the speeches of Henry Clay is an eminent practicalness, i hey are not imaginative, nor poetical, nor impassioned. They lack the solidity, compactness and inherent force or Webster, and the philosophic generalization of Calhoun: Wright is more olatisable and ingenious. Preston i more gracefnl and fervid, and Choate more b.illiant and classically ornate. Yet there is an unaffected earnestness of conviction, a profound heartiness of parpose, a rrsnk and perfect invenonsness. a maniy good sense, exhibited in lha works I of this great sUtc'msn, which eommendt

' them 10 the reader's understanding and

approval. Although the manner of the orator adds force and significance to the matter, so that his speeches should be bea4 to be justly estimated, they are found to bear a value in the closet not possessed by the productions of many who have en joyed the highest eminece in the Senate, me lorum and itie world ot letters. New Post Oflce Law. Towards the close of the last session of -Congress some important chanees I were made in the Postoffice law. Th rollowingextracts are taken from the instructions issued by the P. M. General to Deputy Postmasters tinder the newlaw. It will be seen that newspapers tne postage on all irregular newspapers, circulars.and handbills must be paid at the office at which they are deposited, or they cannot be sent: All newspapers transmitted through the mails will be hereafter rated with postage, except exchange papers between publishers of Newspapers.and those franked by persons enjoying the privilege:and contractors may take newspapers out of the mails, for sale or distribution among c uiaus, i ! subscribers. Transient newspapers, or those not sent from the office of publication to suhscribers.hand bills or circular letters, printed or lithographed, not exceeding one sheet in size, will pay 3 cents upon delivery at the office and before they are put in the mails, and all sueh to be charged by deputy postmasters as prepaid matter in the way bills and upon their accouis of mails sent, and stamped or marked "paid" with the name of the office rrom which sent. Transient newspapers, handbills.or circulars, cannot be received free by deputy postmasters under their priviledge If such should be addressed to them, it is their duty to return them to the s?nder under a new cover, charged with letter postage. If deposited in a post offie un sealed, addressed to deputy postmasters . or others, they will not in any case be 1 ... . forwarded by mail without payment of postage, ir sealed they will be rated withlotter postage, and forwarded in the mails . Letters addressed to different persons cannot be enveloped in the same envelope or package under a penalty of teri dollars, unless addressed to foreign countries. Letters, Newspapers, and packages not exceeding one ounce in weight:addressed to any officer, musician, or private in the army of the U. Stales in Mexico, or any post or place on the frontier of the U. States bordering on Mexico, will pass fiee in the mails. E-ich letter so addressed should specify after ihe name of the person, "belonging to the army" The law will continue in foice during the war with Mexico, and (or three months afier itt tei mination. Declension of Major General Cummins. Col Cummins, of Ga.,who was appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, as one of the Mnjor-Generals un der the Ten Regiment law, has sent in his declension from that office. Phil Sun. Hear the outpourings of an honest heart, in regret of ihe dilapidated condition of his unmentionables: Farewell! old trontaioantl Xong time wi've stnek togethrr Varietj of tc.-net goie through And braved all sorts of weather!' A Milliner's Card. When lovely woman longs to marry, And snatch ihe victim from the beaux, What charm the soft design will carryl What art will make the men propose? The only art her schemes to cover, To give her wishes sure success; To gain, to fix a captive lover, And "wring hit bosom," is to dress. Annecdote. A wine merchant received the following note the day after ft fire: "My dear L :I am sorry to tell yon that your store was last night burned to the ground, and your wine is all gone to the devil! Yours truly, Kn He replied as follows: "My dear M. :I am glad the wine Is gone wfcere my friends will be most likely to drink it. Yours truly l. Oaths The King of Prussia has abolished all oaths in a Court of Justice, add substituted a uniform one thus ' I swear before God to tell the truth, the whole truth. and nothing but the trnth,"ihe Court standing while oath is administered. The Democratic State Co irentionef Pa. met on the 4th inat. at Harrisbure. and nominated Francis R. Shnnk for Gevernor, on the first ballot. The vote stood 100 for Shunk. scattering, 21. Laborious Prearttn: Th Pop preached a sermon on the 13'h of Ttenarv be ing the first sermon delivered by a Pope for more trian three hundred years. This must be very laborious for the ho lyand reverend fathers one sermon in three hundred years! td"A young married woman in Rvgate. Vl made, from eight rows, during the past season 340 worth of butler. Thai's a wife and cows worth having! OrThe following is a table of the pop. nlation of Lower Canada: Number of Englishmen 1 1.659 ii Americans II 946 Irnhmrn 43,982 Scotchmen 13 393 Canadians, (natives) 524.30? ii it Teisi f.00,737

It! ' f