Indiana American, Volume 11, Number 14, Brookville, Franklin County, 31 March 1843 — Page 2
A LETTER FROM MR. DURB1N. A Letter f rom the Bee. J. 1 Dcrbin, D. D., President of Dickinson College, Carlisle. Pennsylvania, trVj having performed an entetuice totir in Europe, is now on a risit to
Egvpt and Palestine. Naples, Dec.2I, 1S12. Mt Dbar Dr. Sswll. I send you a letter,
not because you need information of our move
possessed it, and the skill to use it. Upon the pacification of Europe in 1S15, the continental nations were exhausted by the long and destructive wars of Napoleon, while England? soil had not tasted one drop of blood. The consequence was, she immediately became the man
ufacturer for the world, and the distribution of
her goods vastly augmented her mercantile
marine and extended her commerce. Of
course, all nations sent their coin to buy her
. , - -r
ments in Europe, ior your son Keeps j uu unurui-j ... , .1 . j ed ofthese, but rather s a testimony of my deep, manufactures, which they could not produce sense of Tour man acta of kindness to me. and ! for want of machinery, skill and hands, the first
also to say how much pleasure I have enjoyed, ! tw o of which England prohibited from leaving
and how much I have protiteJ iu travelling ner 50il, and the latter lemainod with tier neabroad with the three young gentlemen who cause jt was to tncjr interest. When lite conhave accompanied me. We hare been a little j tjnenta natjon3 aT1j t,e Unite! Slates also were society, and have bid defiance to eskui, besi-1 . ......,.,. 0r ihrir coin and bullion, and
Few parties have accomplished so much in so 6hort a time, because we travel for informa
tion, not for pleasure. I have faithfully followed the advice you were so kind as to give me respecting ao'maf. 1 fear I have made it too copiou; for I judge I
have already 800 or 1,000 pages, in which I have written out the facts and reasonings which sustain the opinions and and conclusions to which I have come. I have interspersed sketches of men, society, and scenery, connecting them with the policy, causes, and history to which they are refered. The sketches are condensed and rapid, intended to preserve the prominent points only leaving the subordinate parts to memory. I have carefully studied the Catholic Religion both as a system of faith considered in itself, and as an external institution acting upon society as such, and forming an integral and necessary part of the Government in Catholic countries. I have no doubt no intelligent Protestant in Europe can doubt but that Catholicism is gradually regaining its ground in Europe, under the direct or indirect patronage of most of the monarchies, because they find
it a very convenient and powerful means of controlling the mass of the r eople through the priesthood. In Italy and Austria the clergy are in correspondence with the Bishops, and the Bishops with Minister of Police. Louis Phillippe and the Church had no friendship for each other seven year since; now they are in
close alliance; and, with a returning sense of icligion among the people of France, there is a corresponding return of the Church to power.
The ceremonies and decorations of the churches are arragned to suit the state of society, so as
to strike and captivate the mass of the people
Thence she is acquiring her influence again
over two divisions of community; over kings and rulers, because they need her as a means of government; ami over the mass of the lower
orders, because she is so arranged inherexter nal ceremonies as to strike and gratify the sen
ses, and so adapted by her sacraments, partic
ularly of penance, and her doctrine of purgato
ry, as to assure to the ear, after auricular con
fession, the pardon of sin, and the hope of es
cape in the next world, if not quite success
ful in this. hue m England she is acquiring
great influence, first, by greatly multiplying
and expanding her external machinery, such
as fine churches and cathedrals, schools and colleges, and the residence of many missionary
priests, secondly, by the strange approximation of many of the clergy of the establishment to
what is essential to Catholicism: but, most of
all, by the too equal division of Whigs and Tories, so as to give the balance of power during
the last Administration, very much to the Lath
olic party represented bv Mr. O'Connell; and
when we remember that the religious faith of a
Catholic is superior to his political opinions, while, on the contrary, the liberal faith of a Protestant is subordinate to his political opinions, we shall see the true power and position of the Catholic Chmcli in affairs of government
where there are popular elections. I must in justice add another clement or power in which, as a Christian, I rejoice. I refer to the increased morality and respectability of the clergy. While the Church is acquiring power and influence with sovereigns and Kings, and with the masses of people, the educated and intelligent portion of the community are much better affected towards her than they were fify or a hundred years ago, considering her purely as a religious institution, involving faith and morals
simply; but thej have an invincible aversion to
wards an external institution acting on society
as such, because she effectually destroys the
hope of liberty, or the spread of liberal princi
ples, which this middle intelligent class in Europe cherish almost exclusively. The result is this class is neutralized in decidedly Catholic countries, and the nobility are declineing in influence and also in numbers, because the soveign fears them and approximates the people by
the intervention of the Church, which spmpa-l
sought to pay England in grain and raw material, she instituted the corn laws, and other customs, to protect her own agricultural interests, and compel money still to (low toher in return for manufactures. This policy continued, compelled other nations to institute man
ufactories also, and in order to sustain them, to enact tariff laws after the example of England, and the free communication with nations diffused machinery and mechanical skill, and other nations now have in these respects an equality with England, and in point of cheap
ness of living and of customs, several have the advantage of her. The causes operating in England and abroad have produced the two following results, which now agitate England and the Continent. In England the manufacturing interest created anew and large population peculiar to itself.so suddenly collected, and so densely and promiscuously crowded and lodged, as to be destructive of health, but more particularly of morals, decency and frugality. This population required to be fed. and hence the increas
ed consumption of food augmented the demand and raised the rents of land from 23 to 200 per cent. The result is.when trade has failed them,
and they are literally starving, they cannot
melt away into the agricultural and trading masses, and thus be absoibed and restored; but they must gradually perish until their number shall be reduced to the present demand of
trade, and then they may barelv live again.
But while trade was active the manufacturing population prospered again, but as the nations around improved in their productions.
less wns wanted from England, and their suc
cess exceeding their own expectations, they
very naturally conceived the idea of reducing her wealth, distressing her people, and humbling her power, by excluding her manufactures. The consequence is, France is increasing her tariff, Germany has entered extensively into a national customs union.with Prussia at its head, and the Unifed States, by ne
cessity, has been obliged to increase the tariff, and must continue it, even if against her will, and the consequence is an unprecednted fallingoff in English exportation of manufactured goods, and a distress among her laboring population thathas no parallel on earth. All and more than I have said may be fully proved by the "Report on the condition of the Laboring Poor," published by authority of the House of Commons, July, 1S42.
This state of things in England lias produced
The Church of England 1 regarded before I
left home as the bulwark of Protestantism in
Europe; I still so regard it, and consider it the best possible model of a Cliurch and Stale. Its moral and literary character, as it respects the clergy is high, vastly higher than it was one hundred, or even fifty years ago. This is generally attributed to the action of Dissenters and Methodists, who have also increased the
activity of the cliurch as a measure of self-de-fence.because the piety and activity of Dissenters and Methodists were emptying the parish
churches, and of course bringing the parish clergy into contempt with the common eople. They have recovered greatly from this, and are recovering still; and of course there is at least a relative decline of Dissent and Methodism. I do not say that the Dissenters and
Methodists have declined absnlulelu in num
bers, activity, or piety; but I say the church
has gained vastly more than they relatively, during the last ten years; so much so, that, as a
candid man, I believe she would nearly neutralize their influence in the course of half a century, if she continued to increase in activity and piety as she has done for the last ten
or fifteen years. But the alarm which the church look some fifteen vears since at the progress of the Dis
senters and Methodists prodnced another still more remarkable result; it gave rise to the bitter controversy concerning the apostolic succession, which the church claimed, to the exclusion of Dissenters and Methodistsjand therefore would give her a great advantage if she
could establish her claim, and discredit the ordination of Dissenters and Methodists, and invalidate in the eyes ot the people the sacraments administered by them. For thus they would be drawn to the "church to receive the sacraments which would be an acknowledgement of her exclusive right to administer thein.
This controversy produced the O.tford tracts, by pressing the validity and sacred efficiency of the sncramerts only when administered by the established church or the Catholic clergy, whose authority and ordination were originally derived from a common source. Thus you
see the approximation of the Tractarians to the Catholics, the latter of whom regard it as very close, and symptomatic of the return of Eng-
I will add, I hare been much interested in studying the condition and progress of society, in different centuries and countries, in the remains of art and ruins of edifices found everywhere in Europe. I cannot recount these, but must content myself by simply referring to Rome, which is a wonder, and is itself worth a
visit to Europe. In its remains you may see
the legitimate influence ofobsolute monarchy, as under the kings, when the imperishable Cloaca Maxima was produced, only one hundred and fifty years from the foundation of the city of the Republic, when utility prevailed and produced no impetishable monuments, and under the Empire, when Rome was made, and has bequeathed to the world her ruined palaces, arches, amp itheatres, temples, toml s of 'such magnitude and strength as to have been and continue to be impregna
ble fortresses, colliscums. &c. the evidences
of concentrated power and wealth unfriendly
to the happiness, and liberty of the people.!yel
so dazzling to them as to steal away their
freedom and substance, by gratifying their
senses with splendor and sports. So the bar
onial castles of the middle ages perched on
hills, while the towns nestled under their beetling towers, clearly declare the state of socie
ty that prevailed then.
I beg pardon for not referring to the cause of temperance, or the state of medicine, of the last I am no judge, and of the former, you may have seen a letter which I wrote to Carlisle. And as I cannot write to all the friends
I have the pleasure of claiming, you have 'my permissien to share this with them in any way you judge best. You may likewise say to them that we shall probably be in Palestine when you and they are reading this, having seen Greece and Constantinople, and on our
way to Egypt, and then, for home. My kindest regards to each memberofyour
family. As ever, yours, J. P. DURBIN.
nooi.iTTi.r. mtxsov & ro. HANK NOTE EXGItAVEKS.
Office Third street, between IVainut and Vine,
CINCINNATI.
ANK NOTES, Chocks, Certificates, Bills of Exchange, Bonds, etc. etc. etc., execu-
land to the true cliurch. Dr. Wiseman, I hear; ted with promptness, and in a style equal to
has declared that the way is open on the 'any other establishment, either East or West ground of the Oxford Tracts, and Dr. Baggs, and at lower prices.
principal of the English college at Rome, and From their arrangements with several of the
Cardinal Acton both declared to me; in free, best Eastern Establishments, they can furnish
and protracted conversations, that these views , a great variety of new and beautiful Dies, both
of the Tracts were grnerally entertained at i for ornament and to prevent counterfeits.
Rome, but, thev added, the authors did not in- Seals and Seal Presses at the lowprice of .$20
tend to bring the English church to Roman,; for both, with counter dies complete, or either
but to essenltal Catholicism, for the double, separate for 10,
Fall mid Winter Goods. r niHE subscriber has just received a variety of Goods suited to the present and approaching season. Consisting in part of Rest superfine Btoad Cloth. Pilot Cloth Cassimeres and Satlinelts.
Plaid Ginghams. Splendid Muslins, Ve Lene. Figured Sajrony. French ami English Marino. Plain Bombazine ant Circassians. Bishops Ixivn. Mull and Stciss Muslins. Iarge Woolen Shawls. Dress llamlkerchiefs. Broirn and Bleached Muslins. Fur and Seal Caps. Fir and Wool Hats. Ladirs Calf Boots and Shoes, do Kid and Morocco. Mens Shoes and Boots. Soal and Upper Leather. Cotton Yarn. Queens-wure f Tin-vare. Castings. Nails, c. All or which he will sell VERY CHEAP for CASH, or COUNTRY PRODUCE. N. D. GALLION. Brookville, Oct. 11th 1842 Willi AT TAKEN FOR DEBT THE Subscribers, will receive Wheat a the market price if delivered in Brookville for all debts due them. Those who cannot now pay in money are requested to make payment in wheat. R.&S. TYNER. Brookville Oct. I8tli 1842. 43-
DISSOLUTION.
THE partnership of John A. Matson and George Holland, in the practice of the law is
this day dissolved by mutual consent. Persons indebted to the firm are expected to set
tle immediately.
JOHN A.MAIU. GEORGE HOLLAND. Oct. 27th 1842
BANKRUPTCY. THOSE who are still indebted to the fol
lowing Bankrupt estates are informed that pay
ment must now be made to tne unaersigneu immediately, or suit will be commenced there
on in a few weeks; the estates, to-wit:
purpose of gratifying ."the yearnings or thej February, 1842. 9English mind for Catholic truths," and for re-i sisting Dissent and Methodism. It will readi- Cheap GoOils for Cash ! ! ly occur to you that these same questions have i THE Subscriber has" just received a varie
been and are yet to be still more earnestly ty 0f New and Fashionable Goods, suited to pressed in America between Protestant Epis-!ti,e present and approaching season, consisting copalians and all sects with Presbyterian ordi-j m parij 0f
nation among whom are tne aietnouists, !aptists.and German Reformed churches. I ought
to add, the church of Rome does not admit the validity of the ordination of the church of Eng-
Caleb B. Clements,
Jas.Hilliard,
John S. Ray, ElishaB. Jones, Wm. Holland, Wm. Alley,
Isaac Clements,
Nathan A. Morgan
O.N. Jones, Richard P. Clark, II. D. Smith, EzeViel Collett, Elihu O. Halstead,
Geo. O. Kein,
The undersigned lias also just receivedthe
schedules of the following named Bankrupt
estates, to-wit:
the long protacted effort to obtain a repeal of
lland, although England admits the validity of
the corn jaws, in which the great landed propri
etors are deeply interested, because it would reduce their rents; and the suffering laboring population are interested because it would give them bread at a lower rate. The middle class in England are greatly reduced in numbers and influence by the increase of the riches of the rich and the poverty or the poor, Tor, by the general introduction or machinery Tor manufacturing purposes, however enterprising
and skilful a man may be, if he have not money he must simply become a part orthe machinery
of the rich mill owner, at a fixed price per
quantum of work or time. In Merchantile transactions it is much the same, as great com
panies now transact all heavy business, and the shopping is so cut up anil divided among the
millions that do a little, that it is a piece of
great good fortune to get a run of custom so as to save anything. Hence the extremes of so
ciety are widening in England and absorbing to themselves the middle class; and, if things continue as they are, the result will be that there will be but tv o classes there, the very
rich and the miserably poor; and I see no probability, scarcely a possibility, of an alteration in this state of things. It is true that the doctrine of free trade, which doubtless is the true system abstractly, is gain
ing ground in England; but her past policy has forced the other countries into a false position
with respect to this piinciple; and while she
may see it her interest to adopt the free trade
principles, other countries, partly tor this very
the Catholic ordination
No country has interested me more than Ire
land. She is a problem in society yet to be solved. With a general destitution that his
no parallel in Europe, she has increased in population for the last fifty years in proportion
much faster than any other European coun-
Splendid London Prints,
American do Xetc Style, Plain and Figured Cambrics, do do iMwnsandJaekoncts, Bonnets, Hoods and Bonnet trimmings, Handsome Figured Veils, Blk. Italian Hkffs. Blk. and White Cotton Hose, do do " Glores, Silk Glores, Lace, Edsring, fc. f c. ALSO
A fresh supply of SUGAR. MOLASSES.
Hiram Williams, Thomas Dillard, Robert K. Brison,
try, while at the same time, she has parted ( COFFEE, TEA, INDIGO, MADDER, COT
with millions of her children by enlistments TON YARN. &c. all of which, will be Mild
in the army and navy, and by emigration to , unusually low for Cash, or given in exchange
me coiomes unu iort-ii;ii omii's. i ins mti vi ior country produce.
William Brown,
Elias Macy, Aaron Ailes,
Wm. Morford. All nersons indebted to said estates are re
quired to make payment to the Assignee with-
out delay. ' vAuivoy
Assignee. Feb.23d,1813. 9 ItlnckMiiilli Wanted. . .a 1 :
ONE who thoroughly understanas ne Business, will hear of a desirable situation by applying at the White Water Factory, near
Brookville, Indiana.
Feb. 24.
L. MILLER. 9
this3 villi tne nignest ana me lowest portions j (asFrancP. for instance,) and partly be ef the community on the continent, but not j caiwe of meir mvn artificial inU,rPi!ts. which the
wun me miuuu- luu-mgL-.n uwroi :ms. ... Ucv pf Enclaml for ,i,e last fifty years obliis the true position of the Catholic Church at j ' thpm Q crpa(P( w il, bo conslrainetl to main. this time in decidedly Catholic countries, as in , f . ,. . . ... v nln. , on .,
liaty ami AU-irin; auu iii(irii:riiiiv n.i n-.wmg rounj wjtn liPr,
in semi Catholic countries, even wnere tne n . .,.,, na in icon nnri
A revival oftiade and corn-
Governments are Protestant. My remarks do,
not apply to Russia, Norway or Sweden, as I have not visited them, and scarcely to Spain jn her present agitated condition. With respect to England, I ha ve satisfied myseir that she is the richest, -wisest rnd greatest nation in the world, but that she exhibits
the extremes or poverty and wealth, destitu
the rapid increase of her population with the general absence of the comfortable means of subsistence and residence, is directly at variance with what has been considered a settled
law in political economy, that the increase, nf
population is in proportion to the means of subsistence. I passed through the length of the Island; and made a little volume of notes and reasonings, and finally came to this conclusion;
that the early marriages (girls generally mar
ry at from fourteen to seventeen) were owing,
not to a natural improvidence of the Irish, but to the hopelessness of improving their condi
tion preparatory to marriage. Hence they follow the first impulses of youthful passion in
order, to secure the longer continuance of pleasure which connot be improved by delay. If the enquiry be, why cannot they improve their condition? the answer is, the land is held mostly iu large tracts by absentee proprietors, and the demand for it is so great, owing to the
density of the population, and the rent is so
high, (more in proportion than in England,) that the family can scarcely meet its payment
while they live on potatoes. Of these last I believe they have a sufficiency, and I was strongly inclined to jump to? the conclusion
that potatoe diet is favorable to the production,
as well as the sustenance, of a numerous population.
I satisfied mvself that the miseries of Ire-
N. D.
Brookville, May 3d, 1842.
GALLION. 19
NEW GOODS. It. S S. TYNER
IJAVb just received from Philadelphia Pittsburgh and Cincinnati a large assort
ment of
Dry Goods. Groceries Jlardtcarc,
i$fiocsy Bonnets, Palm Leaf Hats, Hoods, &c. ALSO-
IRON, NAILS and SALT all of which they
win sen very low ior uash.
Brookville, June 1, 1842. "NEW BACON
MAMS and SHOULDERS, for sale by
R. & S. TYNER.
Feb. 2, 1842.
Produce Wanted.
WHEAT, flaxseed, feathers, country nnen, dried aonles. dried peaches, &c. &c. for
which we will exchange store goods, cotton yarns, batting, candle wick, carpet chain, &c. on the most reasonable terms, at the White
Water Factory, near Brookville, Ind.
j. 1 IU1 Ju.L.r,H. 9
Feb. 24.
1835, is impossible
I am aware that it is an important question
in America whether this state or things does not endanger the Government of England?
i So one would judge at a distance; but inspec
tion in the country leads to a different result. The nobles and the crown rule by right of of
fice; the titled and the untitled rich rule by in
KCt)N HAMS, Shoulders an le by R. & S. 1
July 7. 14I.
SALT.
f0 BBLS. SALT just received ana ior
N. D. GALLION. Brookville, May 16, 1842. Indiana state scrip. THE Subscriber will take SCRIP AT PAH
For WRAPPING AND TEA PAPER.
Brookville Mills, May 6th 1842
d sides
TYNER.
fo
six
TPRMS OF TIIF INDIANA AMERICAN. HpW O Dollars in advance, S2 50 in
months. 3 00 at the end of the vear. and
an addition of 30 cents for every year payment
isoeiayea uierealter.
WHEAT. The highest Cash price will be paid at al
times for good merciianiame hcti, uj
N. D. GALLIUM. Brookville, Aug. 11th 1842.
land do not arise from misgovernment by the Advertisements. Twelve lines or less will
mother country, but from an overgrown popu-jne inserted 3 times for one dollar if payment lation; from large landed estates, divided up in-jbe made in advance, SI 25 if payment be de-
tionand comfort, depravity and virtue, more fluence in elections; because it is the interest of ctrilinrrlv thnn anv nlher rprnle on earth. ! -it . .
""""o-j t --- an men oi properly io support me viovernmeni She has acquired her maximum or dominion, Thevast atn0unt of service required in thecivand power, but, having a strong and well es- u and ,mlitary police of the country, in the
tablished Government, sne win long maintain ; army and ,hc navV) together with the respect her ascendency. Much of her success is to be j and ccrtain pav attached thereto, however ascribed to the character or her people, the An- are sufficient to enaMP novernmrnt
glo-Saxons have always been eminent for en- j to abstract from society mo?t or the activeterprise and utility, hence, while France ' minded, able-bodied men, (not included among speculative, and discovers great principles, and , ,he rich and nble and enUs, theminthe pub is content simply with their discovery, Eng-, lic SPrvice and thus ?ecure tnem on the sitleof laud applies them in practice, which renders the Government. The remainder.the commno them productive, and while Germany is met- people who labor for their living, have neither aphysical, and suggests splendid thoughts and spirit nor force to make janpe if they de theories England holds fast what ages of; sired; nor anv leadersor character, talents, and
gOOUSt-ese iia.c .vri iiiuiais aim uic-. skl ron,j ct llcm; and t,e country is SO ology. J overspread by the police, and the system of But I have said that England has attained j railroad radiates from the capital to every vale her maximum of wealth and power. This so that the Government in London can know will apper, when we consider her external , in a few hours where the danger lies, and can and internal history since the commencement concentrate troops on the point in a few hours of this century. Fifty years ago machinery ' more, and before it is posssible for the disaf-
was scarcely used at all to produce manufac- j fected to have notice or their coming. All this
tures, and England was the only nation
ufac- j fected to have notice of their coming that 1 was realized lat Jul August durin
to tenures of from a half to len or twenty acres,
at exhorbitant rents, from the absence of the proprietors in England to whom the rent is sent to be spent in London, or in travelling on the Continent, and to Catholicism, which from its very genius, is less friendly to improve
ment and industry than Protestantism. This
is evident by a comparison of the North
South of Ireland. To remove therefore
ills of Ireland, would require an exertion
Government in the violation of vested rights,
by compelling the division of large landed estates, and the common right of citizenship, by compelling the proprietors to reside in the country, and improve it by the products of their estates. Large landed estates in entail and hereditary titles of nobility are the true sources
of the miseries of Europe, yet the Irish are the most gay-spirited and chrerrul people I have seen, and both the populat'on and ihe country, under a tight policy and rree system or government, (or which they could be prepared in hair a century by a good system or public instruction, might be made equal to any in the world.
I had intended to have said something or
France, Germany and Italy; but I must postpone these until I 'see you. Having said so
layod one year, and $1 60 if delayed two years, and so in the same proportion for the time payment is delayed. Larger advertisement or for longer time will be charged on the Bame pinci-plo.
THE UNDER SIGNED, r-r . ... , ..
and the more, as usual at tne cirwe of the yeas,
lf e tuia upon sucn oi nis customers as may
r iii oe m arrears ior goods purchased prior to this
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE . A rew excellent Breakrast tables and Bedteads, just from the shop, either for money or or almost any kind of produce.
Ang.8. 1842.
BUSHEL CLOVER SEED for salt
R. & S. TYNER
lift
v by March 13, 1843
gOLE and upper -"thermal, by
Brookville Kb. 17. 1841.
date, to call and liquidate their several accounts
without delay
Those who can pay ought to pay, and those I hink, who wish me welL will pav.
My real necessities cry aloud for py, justice says pay, and it is earnestly hoped that every
one win now make the best payment they can
N. D. GALLION. Brookville, Nov. 30, 1842. 49 SMUT 3IACIIINE.
41 RIMES' Celebrated SMUT MACHINE
J., for sale by J. T. ALDEN, Cincinnati.
LAST NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to us are requested w make payment. We shall proceed agairrft 11 who fail to make immediate payment R. & S. TYNERNov. 29, 1842. 49
tiring the riots. ' much about folicy, churches, government, &c.
Carpenter Wanted. A PPLY at the White Water Factory, near BrooktiUe. J. L. MILLER.
FARMERS, LOOK HERE! THE subscriber having erected a bMy 1 MACHINE, is prepared to clean tne Wheat of his customers of all smut,white caps, and dirt of every description. Farmers res rous or having pure wheat flour, will find
gTeatly to their advantage to nave -Wheat run through the machine gpEEIL Brookville Mills, Sept.12, 1842. 2,000 LBS Conolylr NOT29.1S13. 49