Indiana American, Volume 5, Number 48, Brookville, Franklin County, 1 December 1837 — Page 2

THH TIMES.

From tl.r Const ilulionaliit. LETTER FKOM .1. P. KINfJ, OF GF.O. Senate Ciiamreu, Oct. 1S37. Dear Sir: Justice to myself compels mc rclact.mtlv, to notice an, article in the Constitutionalist of the 3d inst. In that article you do me giat injustice. You assail me where I am most sensitive hut at the same time most invulnerahle. If I have any pride as a politician, it is the pride of consistency: if I have any- claim to merit, it is an adherence to principles: if I have any benevolent virtue, it is lasting gratitude io mv friends, and I wish no other distinction than (hat of nn honest devotion to the interest, of my constituents. My claims and pretensions being humhle, I assert ll.ctn with the more resolution, and hope you w ill neither mistake my temper, or my object, if I call on ymi to retract or prove some of the e h irges you bring against me. I ask, then, what are 'the great principles which the democratic parly profess,' which I have abandoned, and w hat 'changes of sentiment' I have undergone which places me 'in opposition to that party,' or the 'solemn de clarations of the legislature?' It imports that I should know this, for it is perfectly true that I 'was twice e lected bv that party to the ex ailed station' 1 hold: and with the destiny of that party I have united mv own and shall stand or f ill with it. Reminding m of this generous confidence was gratuitous and u i necessary. It can neither increase my grati tude, nor add to my obligations. io one! knows better than you, sir, that if any honors were unmerited, they were also unsolicited; and have always been at the disposal of (hose who so generously conferred them. Hut what 'solemn declarations of the legislature' have I disregarded? Do you refer to my uniform opinion on the subject of the Ui States Hank? My opinions on that subject have never been concealed or 'changed,' and were well known to the legislature at the time they elected n;c. So were those of my then gifted colleague, whose opinions were in accordance with my own. What 'change then, have I undergone on this subject, that merits your animadversion! I have done nothing further than to defend myself from unmerited denunciations, and these, loo, frequently frcm the mere popinjays of power, who most miraculously -changed' their opinions. I am not y el a convert to the modern doctrine (of some democrats) ofbreiM blessings upon the people and 1 have neither given or threatened any vote at all calculated to alarm them on thi's subject, or whic'i throws me 'in opposition to these 'solemn declarations.' In what else have I 'recently taken a stand' in opposition to the great principles of the democratic party? Is it in my opposition to the self-willed follies of the Executive, adopted and preserved in against the almost unanimous resistance of the legislative authority of all parties? The act w hich I most condemned was opposed in the body of which I am a member, by a unanimous vote v ith the exception of one. It had no support in the cabinet before it was adopted, and was afterwards, on trial, condemned by the people; and again condemned with urcat unanimity by the whole legislative authority. What 'change is there here: I, with my other democratic friends resisted this mea sure from the beginning; and step bv step, lorelold most of the mischievous consequences that would flow from it. unnecessarily and unnaturally embarrassing the European money market and manufactures, it struck down the exports of our Southern planters 30 or 10 per cent.; it did this as plain as the sun affords heat and light in addition to all the other mischiefs it produced. With this conviction resting upon my mind, it is true I did tiot join some others in applauding this Executive triumph over the legislative authority; or obsequiously estimate the glories of Executive violence by the misery and mischief it produced. 1 did not know that '(he great principles of the democratic party' required me to do this: or to consider onernan (he parti and another ma a the government. Nor did I know that my constituents required me to lick the hand that plundered them, and applaud the very measures that I know to have taken from their mouths the bread which their honest industry has earned. If I have mistaken the great principles of the party in this particular, it is obvious that I am not a fit representative tor it. I shall therefore return home in a few weeks and surrender a trust vou say I cannot honorably hold. I have from our friends many written evidences, that they still consider aemoeracy to mean the tcill of (he people. But .i .5 euougn tor me to know, sir, that some of my menus are dissatisfied ; and I wish, it understood, that I shall not embarrass them by eiug a candidate for re-election. It the kindness of my friends I came into office without trouble to muteft I intend to go out without trouble to them. That thev can select a successor who will serve them w ith more ability, 1 readily admit; that they can select one "ho will feel a more honest devotion to their interests. 1, with confidence, deny. In conclusion I hope vou will with.fr.-t f . T VHUICL? .....mmiucj ami apostacv, or do me the justice to publish this letter. u Kli gratitude to yourself and other friends or past commence, and regret that you have withdrawn it. I am, sir your friendand obedient servant, JOIIX P. KING. The. Vermont Legislature now i session. . , S W' That U U ".-"Pent and unsafe to charter new, or re-charter any old banks a the present session of the Legislature, unless .t can be done to secure the rights of the people by making the private property of the stockholders liable for the redemption of the oi.is thereof.'

F. X F.C U T 1 V F. I . F.( i I s . A T 1 1 ) X .

Ve rerommctni to our rcauers ai .uc-iui perusal of, and sober reflection upon the following article an extract of a speech lately delivered at Boston, by Mr. Fletcher, a member of Congress from that City. Mr. F. was on the committee of Ways and Means, and the charges made by him cannot be doubted. They arc too true, and the pernicious rcsultslhat must ensue from such a course should arouse every friend of his country : . . i r..i ! During the session, the business projects upon which the House were caiieu io an, came almost entirely from the Committee on Ways and Means. There are nine members of that Committee, only two of whom are understood to be opposed to the general policy X of the administration. I suppose you wou 1U like to know the manner in which the business was arranged for the IIoue. I will tell you the Ways the Meansyoxi will see in due time. You doubtless suppose, that this Committee of Ways and Means has some duty to do some ways to devise some means to find out some plans to originate and mature for the action of the House. The committee, you imagine, look over the message; see what is recommended to be done for the benefit of the country; consult together as to the bestj measures; and lay the result of their deliberations before the House. Is this your idea, Mr. President? Is this what you think, fellow citizens If :t is, I am sorry to inform you that vou labor under a very great mistake. 1 once entertained the same ideas; but 1 soon found mv error. No such thing, sir no such thing. The chairman of the committee steps up to the White House, and there receives from the President or the Secretary of the Treasury, such bills as they wish to have passed by the House. The chairman puts the bills in his pocket lakes them to the committee; without nn examination a majority of the committee approve them; the minority can do nothing; the bills are presented to the House, and received as the doings of the committee. I aver to vou that every important bill pas sed by the House, came to the House reaa'y draien. from the Executive. The kt-presen taiives are mere machines. Every measure is an Executive measure. I mean by the Executive, the President and heads of departments; the cabinet. They originate everything, put every tiling into the precise shape they wish, word for word, letter for letter, comma for comma, and the Executive majority in the House pass each bill forthwith, without alteration, and so far as depends upon them, w ithout debate, just as it comes from their masters at the White House. I had heard of Executive dictation of Exe cutive patronage. I thought 1 had seen something of it; but till 1 visited the seat of government, 1 had no conception ofits true nature, of its vast extent. I solemnly warn you against this terrible concentration of power in the hands of the Executive! I see in it a most alarming danger; threatening, fearfully threatening the liberties of the country! Executive power has become a very Colossus, which bestrides the land, from one end of it to the other; and feliow citizens, if we do not overthrow it, most assuredly it will crush us; and in crushing us, in crushing the people, it will crush liberty-, il will crush the constitution ! A resolution was introduced into the House from the Committee on Ways and Means, declaring thai it is inexpedient to charter a National Bank. You may feel some interest to know how that resolution "was got up. 1 will tell you. You will recollect that there was only two opposition members on the committee. The majority ziould do nothing for the people, and the minority could do nothing, except to report the doings of their masters in the committee, and the House to thci- masters, the people nnd this at least, I for one am resolved to do. Very many petitions from almost all the Stales, were sent into Congress fertile establishment of a national bank. These petitions as they were presented, by a mutual understanding were referred to the committee of Ways and Means: and suffered to lie on the table till the whole should come in; when, as was supposed, they were to be taken up and considered. So the matter stood, when on the last day but one, on which that committee sat, the chairman, without preface or explanation, introduced the above lesolution. It wasopposed by-one opposition member, the other being absent and the chairman was asked what had become of the petitions? They yet lay on the table, but the majority passed the resolution, without opening or reading one of them. The resolution was sent in, and by the help of the previous question was forced through the House. No doubt can be entertained that this resolution came down from the Executive in the precise form in which it passed. Here was a great and most manifold outrage on the liberties of the citizens. At least they have the right to petition if they have no other: and vet in a time of the greatest anxiety, when it was of the most vital importance 'that the views of the people should be communicated to their rcpresenta'ives, here was a successful attempt on the part of the Executive to cut offthis intercourse; to prevent the voice of tiie people from being heard; to erect a barrier between the Legislator and their constituents."' A Constructive Compliment. An Arabian having brought a blush to a nv.hW cheek by his earnestness of his gaze, said to' -.ici, -iu iooivs nae planted roses in vour cheeks, why forbid me to gather them? The law permits him who sows to reap the har vest." Fa i .ling Stars. What we commonly call a "falling star," is believed by the Arabs to be a dart launched by the Almighty at an evil genius, and on beholding one thev exc laim, 'May God transfix the enemy of the faith."

From tne .Vaititttnian. As the Sub-Treasury papers quote principles from the "Reformer Merchant." will they '.. . .. r , e

object to our copvu.g the toilowingyaas iiom the N.Y. Express? The eastern governments, we believe were quoted - bv Mr. Benton as examples of the Sub-Treasury systim. io the paragraph concerning France we might, add that, that this system is r.lready in operation there and requires to carry it forward one hundred thousand officers! Are the peo ple of this country ready lo humiliate tnemselvcs to the condition of the following HUill MONEY GOVERNMENTS! f The peasantry live on bread J and gruel, both prepared of oatOK WW. meal, with an occasional uitermixture of dried fish. Meal is vji luxury they rarely enjoy. The dress of the peasantry is prescribed by law. Their food consists of hard bread, dried fish, and gruel without meat. Sw eden. The peasantry are still heiu in bondage, and are bought and sold together with the land on which they labor. The nobles own all the land Denmark. in the empire, and the peasantry who reside upon it arc transferred with the estate. A great majority have only socages, one portiorof which is occupied by the family, while the other is appropriated to dome:?tic animals. Few, if any, have beds, avussia. but sleep upon bare boards, or upon parts of the immensestoves by which their houses are warmed. Their food consists of black bread, cabbage and other vegetables, without the addition of vjmy butter. In Poland the nobles are the proprietors of the land, nnd the peasants are slaves. A recent traveller says, "I have travelled in every direction, and never saw a whealcn loaf to the castward of the Rhine, to any part of North Germany, Poland, or Denmark."' T ..e common food of the peasantry of Poland "the working man"' is cabbage and potatoes; sometime, but generally, peak black bread and soup, or rather gruel, without the addition of butter or Poland. I. meal. The nobles are the pioprictors of the land, and the peasants arc compelled to work for their masters during day, except Sunday. The cultivators of the soil are in a state of bonAustria . Vuage. The nobles own the land, do not work, pay no taxes. The laboring classes are obliged lo repair all highways and bridges, are liable at all times to have Hungary. soldiers chartered upon them, and are compelled to pay onetenth of the produce of their labor lo church, and one-tenth to the lord whose land they occu lt rvHere the credit system is just making its appearance. It has been, and perhaps now may be, called a hard money Government. Of the people of France seven and a half millions do not cat wheat or w beaten bread: FltNCE. they live upon barley, ry e, buck wheat chesnuts, and a few po - tatocs. The common wages of the hired laborer in France is $37 50 for a man, ,1S 75 for a woman annually. The taxes upon them are equal to one-fifth lof its net product. It should also be added that France is about to try the benefits of a joint stock bank, under the management of Lafitte. the great French Hanker and Financier, with a capital; oi iiny -nve millions of francs! Long before the United States falls back upon the old hard money sy stem, the people of France will probably have completely emerged from it. The victory in Maine was to the Admistra lion what the huening of Moscow was to Xa poleon. It was an unequivocal index of the great revolution in popular opinion, which had begun. It was the first momentous check to the triumphant course of the conqueror Mien it was foi the first lime evident, that Fortune had forsaken her minion '.hat "he had reached the highest point of all his greatness," and would has'e now to his setting. I he omen of that defeat has been fulfilled l o wnai shall we compare the entire and ovewhelming ro il of the Administration forces in New York ? is the disastrous '-crossinT nf lhe hcrcsinar Whole armies swamped and swallowed up in the devouring wave! Bridges broken in and swept on by If he conquering billows, with the my riads of armed men who were pressing and crowding over the planks. The ice to w hich some trusted, giving in and consummating the work of devastation ! A route complete, final, and irreMuoie : i ue icw loriorn veterans, who have escaped, stand horror stricken upon the banks and ask "w here are the legions of the Emperor.' Boston .Idas. A lady at sea, full of delicate apprehensions, in a gale of wind, cried out among other exclamations, "We shall all go to the bottom; mercy on us, how my head swims.' "Madam, never fear," said an old tar, "you can't go to the bottom while your head v ims."

From the .Yashviile Banner. THE PEOPLE HAVE SPOKEN,

In New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont. North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee, Maine, And have set the seal of disapprobation upon the party in power, since the elevation of Martin Van Buren in March last. These States command 173 electoral votes, which added to the vote of Massachusetts, Delaware, and South Carolina, swells the present influence against the administration to 211 ELECTORAL VOTES, Or a majority of 5G, of the w hole number. Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Virgmia and Illinois will no doubt follow in the train, when the proper time arrives for ; manifestation of their sentiments. The administration forces in the Legislature of the first named Stale have already been reduced to a bare majority in the lower House, w hile the Senate is thoroughly Whig. The contest in Michigan and Mississippi, is still doubtful, but whatever may be the re sult, they must finally come into the support of the principles of the opposition. All the interests of Michigan are identified with New York and New England, and Mississippi can never consent to desert her other sisters of the West. Alabama elected a Tory Governor in Au gust, but it will be recollected that the divorce message has since been delivered that the plunder bill has been passed, and that the (Government has illustrated the cry agatns "bank rags," by the issue of ten millions of Treasury skin plasters. When these measures are passed upon by our ncighhorsof Alabama the result will no doubt establish her icdemp tic.n beyond dispute. Then taking a survey of the map of our country, frorr. the Penobscot hills in Maine to the frontier of the Far West, and from the shores of Niagara to the Gulf of Mexico, we find but two Slates, standing "solitary am: alone, and at the very outskirts of the L nion in defence of Van Buren and his scullions of the Kitchen. We give their names in true Expunging style. 3 IT A a? KAN 9 SAS. Disappearance nf the Island of Juan Fernandez. The isle of Juan Fernandez has recently disappeared from the South sea. It was, doubtless, produced at some remote period by a volcanic eruption, and it has been destroyed by an earthquake. Retwecn the double catastrophe which marked its origin and disappearance, no history in lhe world has made so little noise as the history of this island. If countries, like men, have their personal glory, the isle of Juan Fernandez, has certainly had its share, in affording an asy lum to the shipwrecked mariner to whom Daniel Defoe gave the immortal name of Robinson Crusoe. (The island took its mme from Juan Fernandez, a Spanish pilot of the sixteenth century, lie was in the habit of sailing along the South American coast from P ru to Chili, meeting with no enemies but the south winds; these were however, such redoubtable ones, that they became a rude, although sufficiently severe school of navigation. It occurred to him on one occasion, whether or not by putting jout further to sea he might not avoid these terrible winds. lie made the trial and found that it was crowned with success; his vessel glided over the sea as if by enchantment. During one of his voy ages, about the year 1752, Fernandez discovered a coast which he knew could not be that of Chila, and happier than Christopher Columbus himself, he immediately called it after his own name. He found that il was an island, and on his return recounted wonders of the place; but when he proposed taking a colony out there, mc Spanish covcrninent showed no disposition to favor his design. Fernandez, however established himself there, but after sometime he abandoned the island, leaving behind him only a few goats, which became, gradually multiplied It is by some doubted whether Spain allowed him to retain quiet possession of the place, but it is more probable that the cause of his quilting it was a return of his passion for the sea and the life to which he had so long been accustomed to. To his ad venturous hie he then returned, and it is bysome authors asserted that lie was the first to discover New Zealand. Mi ami Treaty. A note from the Indian gent,lo the editors of the Logansnort Herald states that a Treaty has been concluded with mc iHiami Indians and ratified with the Sc. nate, by which about two hundred and twenty thousand acres of land have been ceded to the United Stales. The lands ceded commence nf n nn;i - 1 j - - " 'saia, uu the south side of the Wabash River opposite L.ogansport, and extend about seven miloc m. the river, and thirty-four or five miles in southern diiection. These lands will be rapidly bought up for cultivation, as soon as they are brought into market. Ti, .it..:i r m. . .., 3 ..v-.. UCUI1I3 UI me treaty are. known only bv a few. IWh:.n we will notice the particulars when we shall have learned what they arc Logansport Tel. Cincinnati and Clm-lffnn ? n 1 - . ' (i .4 . . y Blip from the Aafel.ville Uanner of the 24tl, ult., informs u. tha: the bill to grant Banking Priv.leges to this enterprise, was ,n a fair way to become a. law. 1 Ue consent of Tennesson .. ; . 1111 iiicaeure. IB ail that is necoesary to ensure an early completion of the great project.

f 1 iMISij SOU-SRI- il ; 1 1!

From lhe fit. Louis Republican, J'ov. 21. Stale House Burnt Part nf the. Slate Library and all the Rolls and Papers in the Office of the Secretary of Slate. Destroyed. On Wednesday night last, the State House in the city of Jefferson w as burnt down. The

fire, as we learn from a letter, w ritten by a gentleman of that place on Thursday morn ing, is supposed to have been communicate! by a brand Irom the fire in the room occupied as the office of Secretary cf State, (which s in the north west corner of the building o:i the second story.) rolling down on the floor. l he lire was discovered about half-past nine in the evening, but had advanced tw far lo e stopped. All the papers in tiie office of the Secretary of Stale was destroyed, and atout half the State Libiary, which was kept in the adjoining room on me same lioor, The Auditor of Public Accounts occupied the two rooms immediately under toe Secretary's room and the l,iirary . and we are gratified to lear.i, that nearly all the papers in his cfice were saved, 'lhe burningcontinued un til about 13 o clock in the night, when the roof fell in and the flames subsided. W have not learned that any blame is attach to those having the custody of the Secretary office. No one lodged in that room, and it been closed for the night. This house wa: orig'.nially built for the residence of the Go vernor, but has been used of late for the IState House. Except the loss of the papois, the other is but small, the house not being worth more than about .512,000. The Can vm ans, are about ro strike for Liberty. For a quarter of a century they have been petitioning the government cf England to preserve their rights, from the wanton violation of creatures sent ever bv that government lo rule them and for almost an equal period have assurances been given that such protection should be afforded. Cut recently their supplications have 1 cm answered by the passage of a resolution, ii:froduced by Lord John Russel.to bring them to submission by force or in other words, to silence their importunities by violence. Thev claimed the privilege of electing tlicir council, as well as house of representatives; nnd this called forth the above resolution the : intelligence of the passage of which occa sioned numerous public meetings, at which llags were displayed, bearing inscriptions quite offensive to the minions of royalty, in a certain district, who assembled and passed the following resolutions. "Resohid, That should any one have the audacity to raise a flag in fny part of the district, n-e solemnly and firmly pledge ourselves, if uilhin our knou-ledge, to tear it to pieces, and riw ISH THE JHSNKEANT WHO DARED TO HOIST it i i' Resolved, That should the iNcrn'.L-i.r.s, (that is, the Radicals.) incur ovu VExnuAxcr, their day of mercy we rtmst consider past.'!" IJut these resolutions will not effect the nerves of the Canadian liberties. Thev know the character of those who have have passed them and vain boasting will new have no other effect than to excite contempt. Il a gun is tired, England provinces. Ind. Furnur. is shorn her i Map of Indiana. We were ye sicrth much gratified in examining a large man of tins rslate. wliicn has recenth been sent from New York by the publishers to ir. L. Munseilofthis place, for tiie double purpose of being corrected and amended, and of being exhibited as a specimen of what the work will be when completed. The plates from which the Map has been struck, are, we are informed, still in the hands of the engraver, and receiving as fast as possible, those additions and corrections, and that finish, which are requisite for the final completion and perfection of the work. Wc are also informed that is the intention and desire of the Publishers that the plates shall not finally go to press until thev have received every possible degree of perfection which il is in his power to give them, in order to render the Map a complete and minute, y delineated picture of tiie i'ltorciin" State which it represents. An experienced and well qualified agent has been constantly employ ed during the past y ear and is still engaged in visiting every part of the Slate for the purpose of collecting documents and information respecting the topography, Internal Improvements, &c, which are horn time to time, embodied and sent on to the engraver or insertion: and no trouble or cxp'-nsc have been or will be spared for thi, purpose.-. Democrat. 1 The Durham ib t, At ccnt.lv been puacha5ed by Messrs. Brodshav "u Matron, Dr. Sanders of Ker.Suckv, tor the sum of nine hundred dollars, and drove to the vicinity of Paris, Edgar county, Illinois. 1 ins fine animal is but three y ears old, and weighs onp t,n,j :i, j. orly too pounds. He is probaldv eoualled bv mo animal west of Ohio, save Zib v owned by our fellow ci'izen, I)r. Wilson, of Bridgeport bought of the same individual. In the drove with Montezuma, were noticed sonic calves, of the finest proportions of any c Have ever seen. Mr. Kirtley informs us, that they had made arrangements for the importation, next spring, of nine or ten head of tine stock, direct from England to Illinois. lhese enterprising gentleman understand their own interest nnd the interest of their country Ind. Farmer. A new one One day last week, while a cloud was every moment threatening us with deluge, we saw an Irishman carry ing water with great apparent haste. What is tbmatter, Dennis?' said we, 'is the house on fire?' Och, no sir,' said he, 'not at all, but it's my cabbages that I'm after getting watered before it rains.' Jasbtia Tel.