Indiana American, Volume 5, Number 31, Brookville, Franklin County, 18 August 1837 — Page 1

OCR COUNTRY OCR COCNTRYS INTEREST XD OUR COITNTRv's FRIENDS.

nr C. F.CL1KKSIK-V. IIIiOOKYILLiE, FRANKLIN COUNTY, FRIDAY, ALGUST 18, 1837. VOL. V. IVo. 31.

TERMS OP THE AMERICA. .rfrince "?.5' n 'x months; or $.t,nO at Uieratio" of tl.e yetr. Tha CdiU,r will dn, Inttnus subscription at his option. wr".-r-elve linger less, will b, .wert-cl once or throe times, for one dolly, and .Jo

ten ;s will be ctiarvu n.iuv.. ......... - THE TIMES. From the Philadelphia Couriir. YOU Til. li inflation o"Xioht, by .Vontgomery. BV MISS tCCY 8FTMOVR. Youth is the time for Thought, When q nck is feelings thrill, And sad experienca his not bro't On the warm heart its chill; Cli! then remen.hcr Him whose light, Alono cm g i trd thy steps aright. Youth is the time Jo mould The character for heaven, Ere yet tho plastic mind grows cold, Tlia impress should be given; AnJ ths fair seal of spotless truth, ..:J future li ss, be set in ycuth. Youth is the time to trnce Tb3 p'lce of science o'er. Era years with blightning cares efface Tbj thirst for uncient lore; To throng the memory with a store C"f knowledge, rich and pire. Youth is the time to love, Then feeling knows no rust. Auction's purity to prove, Irs deo; r.nd fervent trust; To tot I the sympathy which binJs. Congenial hearts and kindred minds. Youth is the time to xeeep, For sorrow then is brief, And the elastic spirits keep. No cankering mark of grief; There is less bitterness in tear tfhed in the- dawn of early years. Ycuth is the time for joy. Fur then the heart is light, Us tindim'd g)id without alloy, Its skits are clear and bright. Its every hope a promise is, And fancy's hopes are all of blisF. Youth in the time to pray. To commune with the sky. Till al! earth's glories lade away, In that communion high; Tis then the spirit win a power, Which nerves it for its trial hour. Youth is the time to die, NY hen all thing brightly bloom. To turn away without a sigh, AaJ tread the lonely tomb; And leaning on the Saviour's breast, In hope -and trust to sink to rest. Ill.MW GO EltXMKXTS AND LIBERTY. Tiie relative proportions which Republican forms of government bearto those ol Monarchial or u despotic character, have ever been a subject of inquiry amongst politicians, historian md philosophers of even nge; and tracing the rise and f ill of empires, with the progress of Republicanism from the earliest ages of minkind to the present day, would afford an admirable view of the march of hum in freedom. We regret that the synopsis from which we have made the followhi liberal extracts, in relation to the present different governments of nations, has never been published with the namp of its compiler, h would have it (forded us great pleasure to h-ive awarded to him in our column?, the credit which is eminently due for his aide research and development. It will be seen I'y reference to the subjoined statistics, thai the human family is, a yet, only in the infitiry of a progress towards the enjoyment of the natural and social rig its of man. Phila. Sat. Chron. The only countries possessing a Republican form of Government, or a system which acknowledges the People to be the source ol power, rccogniz-s no self-appointed or he red -it.iry ntithoritv are the following 1. The United States of America, the most enlightened and prosperous, which ha Mpul ition of six ecu million six hundred a ni eighty thousand. 2. 'Mexico whii h has about eight million two hundred thousand. 3. CjIjui'iU, three million four hundred l-VuH-Ul.l. 1. Bolivia, one nvllion five hundred thou sand. ). Guatemala, two "millions. I. Peru, two million. T. Chili, one million seven hundred thousand. These six last are embraced in the Continent of South America. 8. Jfnti. eight hundred and ten thous- !. "(Blades.)" 9. Switzerland, two millions and ninety thousand. 10. San Merino, (m Italy) population nbout twelve thousand. 11. Cracow, thirty thousand. AVe would further rtmai k, that with the tui tion of the United Slates and Swilterliind. very lew of the above nation can boast fa population sufficiently rational and intellectual, to be enabled to appreciate the natore and blessings of ielf-government.

LIMITED MONARCHIES. The countries possessing a Government In

which the hereditary sovreignty of one Chief magistrate or rving. balanced by a legislative representation of the People, upon ron(itu'ional principle, and a greater or less extension of elective franchise, are the following: 1. Groat Hritain.flthe freesf, most intcllicenl, powerful and prosperous among them, has a home population of twenty five mil lions ix hundred Ihrunnd; in Hanover one million; in British India one hundred and ,

fifty nine millions; in Canada and West In- bed possession, and the ground becomes roirdia Islands three millions one hundred thous-, oleic Iv seeded with them hv smother year.

and; in the Ionian Islands in the Mediterra ! nean, two hundred and nine thousand; in the (Tape of Good I lone and other colonies, one (million; in the Island of Ceylon one million. 1 he whole population of the IJritish empire is thus one hundred and seventy two millions four hundred and fiftv two thousand. 1.. ..II I! : . J . !.!. : IlKn.. I in ii iimnrti nuMiiiri iiiu?, iiitiu is t liraal perfusion of Republican piinciplc. This; is particularly remarkable in the government J of Great Britain,, in which nil supplies ore! granted bh the Fhwm of Co mmiu, or Rf presentatives of the reofde. As far as payment goes, therefore, the crow n, although heredit ary, is quite under the restraint of t'.ie people. The ministers are also held responsible for the public acts of the King, they bciiiji his good or evil counsellors. If llu ministers recommend to bring forward measures that are obnoxious or injurious to the interest o the People, they are not supported by the Commons and nec-ssirily dismissed by the king. The three great principles of human Government which have subsisted from lime immemorial Monarchy, Aristocracy and Democracy, are sid to be combined in the British Constitution. But it is remirkable. that the more republican reforms that have been introduced, and the nearer the popular branch "of the constitution has approximated to the system of the United States the near-! er also has it approached toward rational freedom and perfection. We now turn to the darker sidef the pici Jure, and quote j DESPOTIC fSOVEKXMENTS. i The countries in which the will of thesovereign is the supreme law, but in which mere nro various codes of subordinate laws and governors, are ihe following: I. Russia, which in Europe has a population of fifty three millions, and in Asia three miliiors four hundretl tiiousanu l2. 3. 4. 5. Eypt, four millions. Denmark, three million.. Prussia, fifteen millions. Saxonv,one million five hundred thou - sand. G. Turkey in Asia, eleven millions five hundred thousand; in Eirope, ten millions. 7. Arabia, despotic chiefs, ten millions five hundred thousand. 8. Tartary, despotic chiefs, ten millions. 9. China," one hundred and seventy mil lions. 10. 11. half. 12. 13. Japan, twenty-five milliois. Austria thirty four millions and Asiatic Isles, twenty millions. Bavaria, four millions four hundred and fifty thousand. 1 1. 'Italian state (pnpal) fen millions. lo. Brazil, five millions. 1G. Independent Indians (by chiefs) one million and a half. 17. Spanish colonies two millions seven hundred thousand. 18. Danish one hundred and ten thous and. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 21. 2.). Annam.in Asia, fifteen millions. Siam, three millions. SiguU, four million.;. Burmah, three millions nnd a half. N'epaul, two millions and a half. Sindhi, one million. Cahaul.six millions. Bohemia, between three and four 20. millions. 27. Thibet, thirty millions. 28. African Nations, unknown, but supposed to be two hundred millions. It therefore nnneirs that there arc now six hundred and sixty-five millions nlec hun dred and ninety two thousand ot the human race, in a state of political slavery! Scraps from Ihe Boston Eglantine. News of tus Week. A young lady passed down Washington street last week whose beauty was so attractive as to draw the nail out cfthe board fence near which she pass ed, and tile boards came lumbering about her feet. An oyster was opened at Point Comfort lately, which was so large tl at it took three men to swallow it whole. An Arabian courser lately imported from Barbary, was put to his speed yesterday alteration, and rati so swift as to overtake the horizon before it could get out of the way. A foot race took piace between a light footed gentleman and a running account which he had for some time at a grocer's store. He beat the account all hollow, and came out so far head as to be wholly out ol sight. It is thought that he is still running. The confiscated plate and jewels in the suppressed monasteries, in Spain, arc valued at $ 30,000,000. Cin. Got.

AGRICULTURAL.

Prom (hp Genesee farmer. BRIEF" HINTS FOR AUGUST. The pressure of work which formers are obliged to attend to through tho having a no! harvesting, often causes tl em to n-gl.:ct the extirpation of weeds al this tsrr.o. when they are about going to seed. This should le carefully avoided. After the second hoeing of torn, the weeds among the crop, of which there a l avs spri'u op more or less, are suffered to huve undistuit Line seasonable Moor wouin prevent uu? evil. We observed a piece ol ground whit h was kept clear of weeds last year, and another which was hut imperfectly cleared ol them; the consequence was. that the crop this season (field beet) which grew on the latter piet e. was literally hid with a dense growth ol . -i ,1 , i j ... it U'af.J "ctu-s while the other was comparatively free. Canada thisllee, must in no instance what ever he allowed to ripen their seed. Thistles, mulleins, burdocks, &c in pas turcs and fence coiners must be destroyed without fail. Ilcot crops, as rufa baga,and mangel wurlzel, are liable to be too much neglected .ftor one or two hoeings; they should be kept all the season perfectly clear from weeds, and the benefit they derive from this, and frcm stirring the earth" around them, amply repays the expense of the labor. With a little pains, it is as cheap to raise n good crop, as a crop of noxious weeds; an'd seed now selected should be therefore as per fectly freed from foul stuff as possible. If clean wheat is always sowed, we may ex pec i on clean ground, a clean crop; but land will become more and more infested with weeds so long as we sow the seeds with the grain. Chess being almost universally the worst weed among wheat, no pains should be spared to separate it. It may be done by means oi brine, first made strong, and then weakened till the wheat will just sink in it, when the chc s, being lighter, floats, and is skimmed from the surface. A basket should be used, to let the brine run off the more freely. The wheat should then be spread on a barn floor, two or three inches thick, and" about one fifteenth part of air slacked limcf sifted over it and well stirred. This assists the drying, and destroys the smut. A good fanning mill will dear most of the chess from wheat by passing it through a few jlimes. j No seed wheat should be considered clean, until by repeatedly spreading handtnlsof il 'on a fable, no chess can be found. There is noFmut h ol wnai i.s lermeu vtryjcieun rem that will endure this test Horses often suffer from slobbering during the latter part ol summer, especially when they feed in succulent pastures. The best remedy is dryer food. Fruit trees are frequently injured in col lecting the fruit, by resting" ladders against (he branches, and thus bruizing the bark. Apricot$,plunnand peaches, often suffer much in tins way. The remedy is to use sdf-sup-prrting ladders, constructed like a ronnion ladder, with cither one or two expanding legs of equal length, which serve to support it without any other prop. Budding" or inoculating should be performed while the stock are growing most rapidly, or while the camhhim or mm -ilaginous substance under the bark is in (he greatest abundance. This cements the inserted binis and makes them adhere the better to the wood. Cherries and plums should be budded imme-i . i i fi i.l - i diatelv, bul peaches may be deletieu inreeo: four weeks later, if necessary. The general rule is. budding may he performed successfully at any time when the bark peels hnm11 rv IS 1 .1 I v. ; tfitw. ct.irl.-s are thfiftv: if the I fully cut and raised so as not to injure t!u t r C .1. - I I . ... cm.nll:l f flT" I 1.1 i cattioium; u me uuus u m .-iw ".; Li ii.-.i ilim- ni.-iv lu nnrdicd closely to! fSI UUl inn. im; J 1 r - the wood of the Stock; if the bandages are bound so evenly that they may just maintain this close conflict between the bud and stock and if they are carefully removed as soot' as thev begin to indent the growingstock, there can be little doubt of success in budding. IioHymr Garden brfore youphnl it. In order to kill the eggs ol insects which may be in the soil the Larvae or the insects themselves which may do mischief, it has been found an excellent p'an to drench the bed to be planted, with scolding hot water. A friend informed us that a neighbor has for a number of years been in the habit of boxing tip hi beds snugly with a board, sunk on each side a few inches and projecting above it a few inches, and then pouring si aiding water over every part of it. Bv this management he has never been trouhh-d with grubs. This year he neglected so doing and his garden has been assailed with insect marauders mid nearly destroyed. For small plats of ground this mode may do well, but it would be no small job to boil a large one. Miine. Far. Swe Good Seeo Some farmers and gardeners allow their earliest peas, beans, corn, cucumbers, tfec. to be picked for eating and save "what is lelt," or the latest and refuse for seed; then they will complain that Ihey degenerate. The finest and earliest of every kind of vegetable should be saved for seed;

by this method instead of degenerating, they trtay improved. Every cultivator should attend to this subject, for it is very much neglected, and great loss is occasioned for the tvai.t of n little time and attention.

c Fur. BriEi.m.Nc. Cooper gives us twocxcellenf rules: "J. Choose those animals or vegetables fo ptopagate from, that possess the qualities you w ish to prop; gate, in the greatest perfection. Volutin s may he written .'o illustrate and oiitirm tfiis advite, he adds, but nothing can be added to it substantially. "2. Never quit one good breed, till you can pit k but fVom r. better. By following ibis plain method for a few generations, als . r- . i a ways seeking tor inc.se parents wno nave the points you wnnf, in Die greatest peifocti.n, you will certainly improve your stock, h hethcr of racers, cart horses, cows, corn or tiav-berrks." Tall Mexpow Oat Grass. We might say much in favor of this species of grass from information coniinunicattrd by some of our immediate neighbors, and from personal observation, bul we extract the following concise re murks on the subject from a gentleman in Lexington, Mass. who is a practical farmer." Ohio Farmer. "1 have cultivated this grass for seven years pasf, mostly upon a thin soil highly manured in fields of from one to four acres, and am ful ly satisfied of its excellent qualities either as a j hay crop or for grazing. I was induced to i maKea trial irom an-account oi n given wy Col. Taylor, of Virginia, a very distinguished practical as well as scientific farmer. After fifteen years' experience, Col. T. states in a communication to the Virginia Agricultural Society: It is the hardiest grass I have ever seen, and bears drought, and frost, and heat, and cold, better than any I have ever tried. It keeps possession of the land in spile of severe glazing, it furnishes belter gr.-.zing early in the spring, late in the fall, in thought and winter than any grass known to me.' Alone, cut before the seed ripens, its hay is as nutritive nnd pleasant to stock of all kinds as any I have ever used." WIRE LIGHTNING RODS. We have often wondered why lightning rods as preservers of buildings from the effects of lightning, were not more often attached to buildings than they are. There can he no doubt, that if thoroughly and properly prepared, they will always prevent the lightning from doing damage. Perhaps one reason may be, the not fully understanding how to erect and seruie litem, and perhaps '.he expense may be another reason why wc do not see them attached to the buildings more, fre quently. The usual form of them is in that of an iron rod, say half tin inch or an inth in diameter. This is generally put up so as to be above Ihe trp of ihe highest part of the building, its upper end sharpened to a point, and its lower end thrust into the ground. . As it is not very easy to get a rod of this size sufficiently long in one piece, several are often taken, and merely put one upon another, and held in this oosiiion hv wooden clamps. This is a dange rous mode. The t lamps get rotten, or ire rw ( rMit r f ihe wav bv the w inds or some-other cause, and the rods either do not touch at all or but slightly, and the conlinu- .... .-.,.'.,.. in.f pssiirv for convex nig the ekt trie fluid dow n, is interrupted and may. and often does lead to disasteroi'S consequences. The amount of sur'ace which such n sized rod (hald in inch in diametet ) will protect, is said by leclririans to be forty feet square. As to this last point we know nothing from expenent e. We know however that ouild- . ... i ... ..i i ings are often truck that have roos atiatnv-n to them, cither because the rod w as improper ..V. Iv put up, or because lliey were not sunn -ly large lo convey the whole of the bolt thai fell upon it. It is a fact which ran he easily demonstrated that the amount of electric fluid whii h any conductor will retain or suffer to pass, is directly as the amount of surface which it contains and not its solid contents. ti -, ii.i . t linilcr iinnlled lo an olecteit X 111!-, 1. II" . J - machine, will receive or retain, or suffer to it as much electric fluid as will a solid c hnder of iron of the s:.me diameter. This fact may be of use (o guide in erecting conductors for lightning. A strip cf tin or sheet iron, having the amount of surface, will answer just as well as a solid rod of iron. It may not stand as permanently or last as Inn"; but while it does stand, and retain the amount ofsurfi.ee unimpaired, it would protett as much space as the solid rod. A rod one half an inch diameter will give a fraction over an inch and a half of surface. Now a strip of sheet iron three quarters of an inch wide will afford very nearly as much surface as the rod, and of course carry down as much fluid from the clouds, and at the same time be less expensive. The only objection M lack of durability. But ihe same protection o bo curled bv meansol wire? w nit u m-v o.l imbiber may be lounu oi f i r cient length and may be more conveniently erected ad attached than the common rods PP-r-''r'unfof of an incn uiamuicn - .. . , ,f ...:.i fci liiile from that of the solid halt inch roi and we are inclined to think may be obtnin.d ch.-per, at any rate my be had ,n

one piece, can be easily put up and fastened. Four such wires will give double the surface. An English writer recommends the follow ing plan which he hns adopted. He takes four wires, oat h one f.t'.h of an inch diameter. These, says h?, should be bound together by copper rings. This compound rod should extend several feci above the highest part of (he

buildings, and at the top each wire should branch outal an angle of 45 degress and end in a point. The rod should he fastened to the building by wooden clamps. At two feet from the ground, it should incline out wards and on entering (lie earlheach wire should branch out again and terminate in a moist situation. In order to preserve tho rods from oxidation or rusting.he recommends that before they enter the ground they should pass through a cylinder of zinc. Wc have no doubt that the above plan is preferable to the common one now in use. If the building is large there should bo moro rods of them put in difleient parts. The above writer goes so far as to supposa that an extensive multiplication of them, in fields, would materially affect the growth of the crop for the better, by producing a change in the state of the air. No one we presume can deny the position, well known, however, that EJectricity has a great influence on vegetation, ;uid a more perfect knowledge of its laws in this respect is very desirable. Al'tinc Farmer. From the Globe. OFFICIAL. THE ISLAND OF CUBA. YVe have translated the following extract from the speech of the deputy Sancho, in the Corlez of Spain, dcliveied on the 1st of April last. It discloses the view s of the Spanish Government in relation to this island, which is cf so much commercial importance, not on ly to Spain bul to the United States. The debate came up under a proposition to admit Cuba in the Cortt z. The attention of the Government of the U. S. wns early attached to this island, which could not remain indiflerercnt to its political condition considering its geographical position, and parlictilai ly its social institutions, which are analogous to those of our Southern States. This portion of our confederacy, as well as the Republic of Texas, must have a deep interest in the question of slavery in Cuba. 'If, gentlemen, the island of Cuba sheuld cease to be S, anish, it must belong lo the negroes. It cannot come under the power of any other nation, because, firstly, there is no nnlion powerful enough to subjugate 400,000 negroes, who, under the tropics, shall say, 'we w ill not be governed by you.' Secondly, because, if" another nation should attempt to take possession of it, some rival Power would ooi.ose the design. In strict truth, and with out figure of speech, the island of Cuba is tho key of the Gulf of Mexico, and no other than a great maritime Power could take possession of it. And w hat power could consent to such possessions? 'Let us sfate the question as between England and the United Slates, since the former holds the sceptre of the seas, and the other is a masilime power in the ncigVborhcod of the island. 'Could the United Slates consent that EngI.....I i,i.t r.nn tho island of Cuba? Ill adj .,. tn lllfl r..cl iVttl (;ul1 is the key of the i it 1 1 ii ri ouiu Gu(r0r Al.xit o, we must keep in mind one other important circumstance. It is wen known that (he coast of America, m that quarter, has very few ports. The island of Cuba, on the contrary , may be said to be one whole port. H has 3-4 good Inn hours, and ol thte, fifteen arc capablt of ccntaining laigc squadrons. This is sufficient consideration lo prevent it from falling into the hands o. a maritime Power. Besides this advantage, there is this, that Cuba furnishes ship timber for any quantify ot vessels. ,1 - ,j .,i,nHr.t rcnrs. with great effusion of Mood, must happen ' r- f i .r.i mi .inn iuiiim " lehrethisduld lake place. The United wnni-'u ..v,. consent to this , l.ar.gr of mastt rs so soon as Great Britain. We all know that the riurs emptying into the Gulf of Mexico flow from the moun.ainsoftl.eUnitedSta.es. In their valeys is growing an in nanse population.--All the production of th se countrier have heir deboutho a. New O. It rs. w l tl. ji the principal port of t en n c u e of the Gulf of Mcxii o. If the United States should consent ,o the occupation of Cuba by Great Br,. ain it would be as if a merchant should end t he key of his money chest to f'"J and say, 'you are the master of that H st. ThcVis no alternative. J"' j island of Cuba must remain unde - bp jmjh protection, or it rr.ust be "ndoncd o ..se V1"51 te IZ "eSlf S-' burning climate. lt may be said that the h.(es possess w-ealth and knowledge. They posted them X in St. Domingo. But of what eva. ..iso in o p opposed to bru(hI force-when the question -eof P sure to the elements, ""Jfj" which the slave i mt.rf ,ng the heat of the sun, of ch the "egroj declares himsdftc tbt be the result? lnw",,s. in SL nami. ns 6 they were-e""""" " T r

nr.