Indiana American, Volume 2, Number 32, Brookville, Franklin County, 8 August 1834 — Page 1

(D Mo OUTl COUNTRY OUR COUNTRY'S INTERET AND OUR COUNTRY S FRIENDS. IIROOJCYILLE, INDIANA, FRIDAY EVEXKXG,- AUGUST 8, 1834. VOIj. II. NO. 33.

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I.li'F. OLM.AFAYKTTC.

Gilbert Motier (lormelv nur-

HsJv.) wai norn a Chavagnac, near Brioud, 'vergne. Sept. 0, 1757, was educated in ijcoiiee of Louis li Grand, in Pari?, plar-

uicoirtas anoiacer in one 01 me guards

t' honor, aiui at i was mmieu iu

,nnrt-dauihterof the Duke ofNoailles.

f as under these circumstances, that the Li. marquis de. La Fayette entered upon a

fireerso little? to be expected from a youth of Lt(brtnu-3,of high rank, of powerful convex-

I as, at the most brilliant anu lacinai.i! ; ccttrt the world. He left France,, -'secret! v.- for

Wica,in 1777, and arrived at Ghar?csion. Qi Carolina, April 23, being then 19 years

l The state of this country ,it is well known, rss,ftt that time, most gloomy; a feeble ar!T without clothing or arms, was, with ditfitltv.keot together before a victorious enemy; isovenunsnt was without resouces or cred-

the American agents in Paris were

ftfaally obliged to confess that they could not

mih the young nobleman with a convey

hefi. ' 1 neu Siiiu lie, - i vt hi in uui csaci

reltf and he did so. me sensation pro

sed in this country, by his arrival, was very sat: it encouraged the almost disheartened

Lple to hope for sucor and sympathy from

lie of the most powerful nations in Europe.

bmediately on his arrival, Lafayette receiv-

the offer of a command in the coatinenta

. . . i- i t i - i

imv, out declined li, raisca ma r.-i irppea a

lodvolmen at tus own expense, and tr a en-

xl the service as a volunteer withem pay

e lived m the lanulv ot the commrtncer-in-

lief, and won his offeclion and cohdenre

ewas appointed ma jor general in July, an

September, was wounded at Urandywine.

'e was employed in Pennsylvania and Rhode

bud in 1778, fcnd after receiving the thanks

thecountry for his important services, em

ir!:ed to Boston, in 1779, for France, where nis Oioujrht that he could assist the cause

oreetTectuallv for a time. The treaty con-

iided between France and America about

esame period, was by his personal exertions.

lie eSective in our favor, an 1 lie returne d America with the intelligence that a French xe would soon be sent to this country. Mediately oa his arrival, lie entered the nice, and received the command of a body infantry of about 2J00 men, whom he clath-

1 and equipped, in part, at his own expense.

storce marched to Virginia. i'i iecemLer,

$h raising 2000 sruieas at Caliimore. on

the tri color should go round the world. On the march of the populace to Versailles, Oc

tober b and (.) the JNational Guards claimed

to be led thither. Lafavette refused In rnm.

ly with their demand, until havins received

colors in the afternoon, he set off, and arrived at 10 o'clock, after having been on horseback

from before daylight. He requested that the

interior posts of the ihatean might be commit

ted td him; but this request was refused, and the outer posts only were entrusted to tlie

National Guards. This was the riiHit on

which the assassins murdered two of the Queen's gtiards, and were proceeding to fur

ther act9 ol violence, when Lafayette, at the head of the national troops, put an end to the

disorder, and saved the lives of the royal fami

ly. In the morning he accompanied them to

Pans. On the establisnment of the lacobm

club at Paris, he organized, with Daily, then

Mayor ot Paris, the opposing club of l euilIrnns. January 20, 17G0, he supported the

motion lor the abolition ot titles of nobihtv

from which he renounced his own, and has

never since resumed it. The constitution of a

representative monarch, which was the ob

iect of his wishes, wa6 now proposed, and Ju

ly 30, 1700, was appointed lor its acceptance by the king and the nation, and in the name

of 4,000,000 National Guards, Lafavette

swore fidelity to the constitution. Declining

the dangerous power of constable of r ranee,

or generalissimo of the national guards ot the kinsdom, after having organized the national

militia and defended the king from popular violence, he resigned all command, and retir

ed to his estates. 1 he first coalition agams France (1792).soon called him from his retire

ment. Being appointed one of the three ma

ior generals in the command of the French ar

mies, he established discipline, and defeated

the enemy at rhillippeviHe, Maubeuge, and

Florenues, when his career of success was in

lerrupled by the domestic factions of his own

country. Lafayette openly denounced the

terrible Jacobins, in his letter of June 10, in

which he declared that the enemies of the rev

olulion, under the mask of popular leaders

were endavoring to stifle liberty under the ex

cesses of licentiousness. June 20, he appear

ed at the bar of the assembly, to vindicate hi

conduct, and to demand .the punishment

the guilty authors of the violence. But the

Mountain had already. overthrown the con

stitution, and nothing could be effected. : I

on, he cave Lis

ops; his rescue of Richmond; his Ion trial

gftl!

up

with Comwallis. who lmnstp.l

at "the boy could not escape him:" the

laeof Yorktown,and the stromin of the re-

rubt.are proofs of his devotion to the cause of

mencaa Independence. Desirous of serving

lat cause at home' he aain rp?nrrA.t t

ranee for that purpose. "Congress, which

M already acknowledged his merits on fr

ier occasions, now passed new resolutions, ovember 23, 178 L in which, besides rb n-

lai marks of approbation, they desire thi A-

Iencan ministers to confer with him in their gociations. In France a brilliant repuaHl had preceded him. and ho nWfereivdd

& the highest marks of nilblir. admin.Mnn-

pll, be urged. upon his jrovernment the ne-

pity of ncgociating with a powerful force in

.enra,a!id succeeded m obtaining orders to lit effect. On hU

P ships with 2v),000 men. read v to f.dlnw him

I America, had not peace rendered it urme-

fswrv. a letter from him communicated

first intelligence ofhat event to Con

fess.

Jine importance of Ins services in France J be seen by consulting his liters in the

PcsKndcnce of t,ie American Revolution, Mon 1831.) He received pressing inritaps, however, to revisit the country. Wash-

JWn Particular, urged it strongly; and,

r .c uuru time, lataycfte landed in the

icu stales, August 4,

sewaavs at

1 M ft

iicsi. Alter pass

Mount Vernon, he visited

fuumore. rh huU nhin vi- n

aoa was every where received with IUp.

iwwstcnthusi asm and delijrht. Previous to

P return to France. Consrress nnnnintnd

Jnnf..:- . . ' . ' I. .

rn"on,consitingof one member from each take leave of him on behalf of the fT? and assure him that the United

fins rpp-rir.l t:.,i.. ir,f:

i." ill , III! Will Ulill .lilt-CHHII,

I ot cease to feel an interest in what f ef tllav r.ir,. Ki I '

i , ,.' ii ins liunor ur nrospcriiy.

uis ret

ru8 wjnttigate the condition of the Protcst-

7-v; " In the assembly of the notaldes, in r. l;ie suppression of L tlcrs !e cachet and ule ttufa ..: . - .... p..

, iuiini, uie einancipaiion 01 mc

i'esants i -i . r.i

it " com ocaiiou 01 me repre-

LJJ -vr,ois. (smce Charles X.,) if he de f the sutcs-neneral. he replied, Yes

better. Beinr elected

W tC ?-tnc states-sncral, which took the

rjgj Assembly, l he pro-

i " n ucri.irnt.n..

"""viusi ui rignts, ana a aecrec

, "Ulflff for I ,a M f ,t .

"crrntl-n T j a . .v i

lot ... " "uuaysauer me nirarK on

LiT - lRwa appointed (July 15) com

, - -"iti ui nuj iauonai uuaras oi ra-

'I at V national assembly were crsaiil?? nd the population of Paris. ,u"ed at this, bn uJ -i,.t i

. . " " '1U 1 ClVlfll III I t- 1 1

FPPSl.ion. a bl:i! nn,1 ro4 .i-,i fUr.;.

rrK .. . -i'.uiviuiiui,yuim, lcrs Ol the rifv f l.,-.- T..1.. - T "

! adiied to the cockade the white of the

arm ... .

uvvianng at ll:c tame time tiiat

fayette then offered to conduct the king and his family to.Complegne. This proffer being

fwwmrwi ns tif?d to the arm v. whirh hr

endeavored to rally round the constitution.

June 30, he was burnt in cfligy at the Palais Royal, and August 5, was accused of treason before the assembly. Still he declared himself openly against the proceedings of August 10; but, finding himself unsupported by

tne soldiers, he determined to leave the country, and take refuge in some neutral ground. Some persons have charged General Lafayette with want of firmness at that period; but it is without a full understanding of the situation of things. . Conscious that a price was

set on his head at home, knowing that his troops would not support hiai against the principles which were triumphing in the clubs

and in the assembly, and sensible that, even if

he were able to protract the contest with the

victorious factions, the frontiers would be ex

posed to the invasion of the emigrants aryl their foreign allies, with'whom he fell it treason against the nation to negociate, he had no

alternative. Having been caDtured bv an

Austrian patrol, he was deliverd to the Prus

sians, by whom he was again transferred to

Austria. He was carried, with great secrcsy.

toOImutz, where he was subjected to every privation and suffering, and cut off from ail communication with his friends, who were not even able to, discover the place of his confine

ment until late inr An unsuccessful at tempt was made to deliver him from prison by

ur. liolimcn, a German, and Mr. llueer.

(now Col. linger, of Charleston, S. C.y His

wife and daughters, however, succeeded in

obtaining , admission to him, and remained

with him nedrly two years, till Ins release.

Washington had written directly to the en

pcruroi viusina on nis oenau, without enect;

but alter the memorable campaign of Bona

parte in Italy, the French government required that the prisoners at Olmutz should be re

leased, which was done, Aug. 25. 1797, after

a negociation tnat lasted three months.

Refusing to lake any part in the revolution

ol the lath I- rutuJor, or of the Ibth Brumal

re. he returned to his estate at La Grange.

and declining the dignity of senator, offered

him by lionaparte, he. gave his Vote against

the consulate for life, and, taking no further

part in- public atlairs, devoted himself to ag

ricultural pursuits. , On the restoration of the

Bourbons, in 1S14, he perceived that their i . .

principles oi government, were not such as France required, and he did not therefore leave his retirement. The 20th of March, IS15, again saw Napoleon on the imperial throne, ahd endeavoring to conciliate the nation by the profession of liberal principles. Lafayette refused, though urged through the mediation of Joseph, to see him, protested against the ade aJditwnnrt of April 22, decli

ning the peerage offered him by the rmperor,

note 'for all nece?;if sup

plies, on the ground MtafFrance Was invaded?

and that it w as the duty of all Frenchmen to

lelend (heir country. June 21, ISIapcleon re

turned from Waterloo, and it was understood that it was determined to dissolve the house

of representatives, and establish a dictator-

ship. Two of his Counsellors informed La

fayette that, in two hours, the representative

body would cense to exist. Immediately on the opening of the session, be ascended the tribute, and addressed the house as follows:

"'When, for the first time, after an interval of

many years, I raise a voice which all the old

friends of liberty will recognize, it is to speak

ot the danger of the country which you can

save. 1 his, then, is the moment for us to ral

ly round the old tri-colorcd standard, the

standard of "98, of liberty, of equality, of pub

lic order, which we have now to defend against foreign violence and usurpation." He then moved that the house declare itself in

permanent session, and all attempts to dis

solve it high treason; that whoever should

make such an 'attempt, should be considered a traitor to the country, &c. In the evening

Napoleon sent Loucien to the house, to make

one more enort m his favor. l,oucien, in a

strain of impassioned eloquence, conjured the

house not to compromise the honor ol the

French nation by inconstancy to the empe

ror. -At these words, Lafayette rose in his place and addressing himself directly to the orator, exclaimed-," "Who dare accuse the

French nation of inconstancy to the emperor? Through the sands of Egypt and the wasters

ot Russia, over hfty fields of battle, this nation

has followed him devotedly, and it is for this that we now mourn the blood of three millions

of Frenchmen." This appeal "had such an

effect on the assembly, that Loucien resumed

his scat without "finishing his -discourse. A deputation of five members from each house was then appointed to deliberate in committee with the council of ministers. Of this deputation, Gen. Lafayette "was a member, and he moved that a committee should be sent to the emperor to demand his abdication. The ardi-chahcellor refused to put the motion; but the emperor sent in his abdication the next morning; (June 22.) ' Aprovional government was formed, and

Lafayette was sent to demand a suspension of

hostilities of the armies, w hich was refused

On his return, he found Paris in possession of

the enemy; and a lew days alter, (July b) the

doors ol the representatives s chamber was

closed and guarded by Prussian trccps. La

fayette conducted a number of the liiembtis to thejhouse of Lanjunais, the president.wherc

they drew up a protest against this act of vio

lence, and quietly separated, Lafayette now retired once more to La Grange, where he

remained till lbiy,whenhe was chosen mem

ber of the chamber of deputies. . Here he con

tinued to support his constitutional principles

by opposing the laws of exceptions, the cstab

lishment of the censorship of the press, the sus

pension ol personal Jihertv,ivc.,and by advo'

eating the caaseof public instruction, the' or

ganization ef a national militia, and the mvi

plability of the charter. In June, 1821, he

landed at New ork,on a visit to the United

States, upon the invitation of the President and was received in every part of the country

with the warmest expressions of delight and

enthusiasm. He was proclaimed by the pop

ular voice, "the guest of the nation," and his

presence every where was the signal for fe

tivals and rejoicings. He passed through the

24 states of the Union m a sort of tnumpha

process ion, in which all parties jorned to forget

their dissentions, in which the veterans of the

war renewed their youth, and the young were

carried back to the goings and sufferings of

their fathers. Having celebrated, at Bunker

Hill, th "anniversary of the first conflicts of

.

undeviating consistency Is acknowled by all, even those who did not allow him the possession of first rate talent. When the nation

al guards were established throughr.iit France after the termination of the struggle, he was appointed commander-in-chief, and his activity in his post was admirable. August 17, he was made marshal of France. His influence with the government seems to have been, for some time, great, but whether his principles were too decidedly republican to please the new authorities (a lev days after the adoption of the new charter, he declared himself a pupil of the American school.) or whether he

was considered as a rallying point of the re

publican part, or whatever may have been

the reason, he sent his resignation in Decem

ber 1830, which was accepted, and count

Lobau appointed chief of the national guards

of Paris. Lafayette declared from the trib

une, that he had acted thus in consequence of

the distrust which the power accompanying

his situation seemed to excite in some people

On the same occasion he also expressed his

disapprobation of the new of election. Short

ly before his resignation, "he exerted himself

most praiseworthily to maintain order during the trial of the ex-ministers. The Poles late

ly made him first-grenadier of the Polish na tional guards. . ' .

From the Shelbyville Transcript. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.

At the late celebration of the 4th

of

July

it

POLlTICAf,.-

but accepted the place of representative, to

w.iich the votes ot his ic How citizens called him. He first met Napoleon at the opening of the chambers: the emperor received him wi;h gnpat marks of kindness, to which, how. ever. h did not respond; but, although he

the revolution, and at Yorktown, that of

closing scene, in which he himself had borne so conspicuous a part, and taken leave of the

four cx.presidents of the United States, he re

ceived the farewell of the President in the

name of the Nation, and sailed from the cap italin a frigate mimed, in compliment to him

the Brandy wine, Sept. 7, 182o, and anved a

Havre where the citizens, having peaceably assembled to make some demonstrations ot their respect for his character, were dispersed by the gendarmerie. Iu December following, the Congress of the United States made him a grant of $200,000, and a township of land, "in consideration of his mportant services and expenditures during the American revolution." The grant of money was in the shape of stock, bearing interest at 6 per 'cent.

and redeemable Bee. 31, 1S24. In August, 1827, he attended the obsequies of .Manuel,

over Whose body he pronounced a eulogy. In November, 1827, the chamber of deputies was dissolved. Iafayette was again returned a member by the new elections. Shortly before the revolution of 1S30, he travelled to Lyonsf &c, and was enluusiasticlly received a striking cantrast to the conduct of the ministers towards hifn, an alarming symptom

to the despotic government. During the revolution of July,"lS30, he was appointed Gen-eral-in-chief of the National Guards of Paris, and though not personally engaged in the fight his activity and name were of greatest service. To the American, Lafayette, the intimate friend of Washington-, had appeared in his last visit, almost like a great lstorical character returning from beyond the grave. In the eves of the French he is a man of the ear

ly days of their revolutiona man, moreover,

at Brookville (la..) the following sentiment

was oliercd:

No. I. By J. A Matsok, President of the tfty

Our fellow-ciiizent, Are f hit day celebrating al Shelbyville, the commencement cf the Indiaitapolit

and Laicrenceburgh Rail Road. May their Jau

dable zeal in the srreat work of internal improve

ments, bo answered by the inhabitants of the valley of Whitewater, in an equally warm support of tle

proiected canal to the Ohio. Indiana American

It must be gratifying to the citizens of She!

by to see the tributes of respect which are

paid to their f nterprize in various sections of

the- State. It shows that the cause ol internal improvement is the caue of the people

hat it has their respect, and admiration and

learty co-operation. It shows that the spirit

of improvement is not asleep that the peo

ple are awake to its importance. Let us not

prove unworthv the adimration our zeal m the

cause of the Rail-Road has excited.

The examples of other States teach us that,

internal improvement enhances the value of

property, by giving impetus to the growth o

the country and lurnishing a convenient ma

ket for surplus produce. For example, let Us

turn our attention lor one moment to that part

of the State through which passes the W abas

and Erie Canal. AY bat. are the facts? I hat country before the coifnffencementof the ca

nal was in a wild and uncultivated state.

Since its commencement there seems to have

been almost a simultaneous rush to enter the

ands situate upon its borders. The conse

quence is property has risen in value, the la

bourers employed on the work consume most of the surplus produce f the country, which

there bears a higher price than in any other

part of the State. Perhaps no part of Indi

ana is at this time increasing faster in. enter

prising population than that along the line of

this canal; and such consequences always lot

low in the train of internal improvements. Then why should we hesitate when we have

such striking example's before us? The same

cause will always be followed by similar ef

fects. Let us go ahead with our Rail Road

and we shall be blessed with like advantages, We look irpon that man who, after all the examples which are before us, after the. convin

cing proofs which have been exhibited of the utility of internal improvement, will oppose

one single obstacle in the way of its advancement, as either very ignorant or an enemy to the Drosceritv of the country. We are not

about to embark in ah enterprize the utifify

and practicability of which we know nothing,

we have the lights ol experience and the lorce

ol example to direct us. Were works ol in

ternal improvement yet in tlTeir infancy, and did the people not know their importance there would be some cause for circumspection

and doubt; but in the existing tate of things there 16 none, and we are forced to an unfavorable conclusion respecting those persons w ho in any way oppose them. But it is rtrgued that our Rail Road Company is a monopoly that it can and will oppress the people. To this argument we would answerlet the State take more than one half of the

stock and she can always rule the destinies of

the company and prevent imposition on the people. Again, it is said, should the State take stock in this company she may do so in all others with equal propriety. To this we oppose two arguments First, our Rail Road is qf a more public and general character, benefits a greater portion of the State, and its influence will be left to a greater extent than any other in the State. But suppose the State were to take one hundred thousand dollars-in each Company: the fund invested would be

but little more than half what is to be invested in a State Bank; and the profits arising to the State from the Bank will not be half as

much as that arising from the Rail Road stock.

Let us calculate a little. 1 he loan lor a State Bank is to be procured at 5 per centum

per annum; and the dividends of the Bank

ing Company will not in all probability be

From the JVVto -Yurie Evening Star. MR. SKNATOtt " WinGHT THF. Cl'STOM HOUSE SCBVETOK'S OFFICK. The correspondent of the American stategj

that in reply to a remark made by Mr. Clay.

relative to the political exertions of person

employed inthecustoms,Mr. Senator W right,"

tins-State, said that no such insinuations.

ind been made before the dismissal of Mr. JVJ

h from office, and he had only read such char

ges in the Star. I have always been under

the impression that 1 had resigned the otiice of surveyor; it was so put forth, I believe, by

the official paper at the time; but 1 now learn

from the declaration of Mr. Senator Y nghtj that I was dismissed from office; and as' dis

n are w ords of very dif

ferent import, it may be well to inquire how this came to pass, and it w illah-o serve the double purpose cf replying to many .verbal and written applications demanding to know

the reasons why 1 lclt that department. ii

the story is a long one, it Carries With it som ; i... , - r i ii.:. i! -

political reminiscences oi mieresi hi uhs unit.-.- -

New York has always been the head quarter

of intrigue, and the abode of unsafe politicians, from the period when the three parties existed in this State in 1783: viz, the strong

government party, the federal phrfy, and th

republican party, down to the establishment

of that tyrannical and mercenary oligarchy,

known by the name cf the Albany Regency.

it has been my late, good or oaa, as a ponu-' cal editor, to have been always independent of leaders, and to haVe advocated what I con

ceived to be sound principles, without stopping to inquire what individual suffered, or who was promoted by the course I may have pursued. This incorrigible and uncollared course always told well enough with the peo pie, but it brought me into disrepute with the intriguing and ambitions; and I was sure tor

be marked by them for punishment when

they could get me down.'which they frequent

ly did. J was so unfortunate as to -commit Mr. Van Burcn in favor of Wei. IL Craw

ford for the Presidency, and to Jiold him fast

in his pledge of fidelity, so far, at least, as to

vole for him cn the nrst $allot, alter which it

was his intention to f.ave voted lor John luin cy Adams; to secure his election, and to ac cept, in return, such contingent reward, at services and influence of Jthat nature have rendered unavoidable; forVic It known that time, and at no time, was Mr. Van Buret, friendly to General Jackson, or had any confidence in his fitness or claims to ihe office of President. The columns of the Argus will bear me out in this assertion. Mr. Clav.how

ever, was too quick and too sagacious for the

Little Maginan, and IMr. Adams wa? eiecieu

bv Consrrcss on the first bahou 3ir. Vait

would akc no part in the projects cf Napole- j who lias iwrer changed &ide or principle. His

Buren's re-election tbr Senator was most dc ,

sirablc to him, and ho saw at once that he

could only Bacceed by obtaining t no votes of the friends of Mr. Adams in our legislature; so he professed to be satisfied with his adminir-

f fation, and took no hostile attitude, until, oy

the votes of the Adams men, he succeeded insecuring his 6eat in the- Senate. He then at

tempted to obtain olhce under Air.' Auams,-

and several efforts were made to secure hi

confidence. Finding that Mr. Van Bureu

was attempting to sell the democratic party to Mr. Adams, I forthwith ran up the Jackson flag under the head of the New York "Enquirer, and by this act incurred the severe diV pleasure of Mr. VanBuren and the Regency, fof presuming to declare in favor of Mister Jackson, as they called him, before they hacf exhausted their efforts to win over President Adamt, or had time to open negotiations with Gen. Jackson's friends, Mr. Adams, however was determined to try his fortune without Van Bufen.-and he declined purchasing him; and when Mr. Rufos King was appointed7 Minister to England, and Gen.' JacksonV prospects strengthened.Mr.' Van Buren th.ew himself into the current, and came out for the General, after the loiih had been fought.-

and in sight of victory, giving as his reasohgj tv a Wew York Politician, whom I can name, it necessary, that Gen. Jackson, of all the candk dates, iotM tlie easiest to manage." When appointed Secretary of Slate, rather' reluctantly, too, by Gen. J.tckson, Mr. Van Buren modestly thought, under all circuin--stances, that he ought to make the appointments for the State of New York; but Gen. Jackson came in with a determination to be President and was then surrounded by honest, able and faithful friends, and Mr. Van Buren saw the necessity of pursuing a cautiou course---to get the General in his clutches first, and then use him for his purposes, and use him up, as kc has since dsne. I applied for the office of Surveyor, to enable me to repair the losses which the paper had sustained in a political contest, in which 1 had to contend? against mercantile interests and patronage as well as the power of the Albany' Regency. I also applied for the officexn the ground of 20 years of faithful and successful services for the republican partyserviccs from whichMr. Van Buren had greatly profited, yet he . got up a candidate against me, and pushed him with : all his force. General Jackson gave me" the office, and Mr. Wa Buren and his friends determined, at a suitable lime,icr punish me for'receiving an apjxiiitm-.nt not of his bestowal. I was still Mr. Van Buren's friend. I had no room for petty malice or ii

more than 7 per cent, after deducting all ex

penses. The State then, will not make over 2 per cent, clear profit after paying her per

cent, en-13 loan.

patron,

and 1

will. 1 had always been nts was desirous of continuing fo.

When the intrigues of Van r.urcn broke up the first cabinet, and separated Andrc-