Hope Republican, Volume 1, Number 15, Hope, Bartholomew County, 4 August 1892 — Page 2

WORK FOR FARMERS. What Harrison’s Aministration Has Accomplished. A BOOM FOR AGRICCliTURE. The President’s Relations to Secretary Rusk. Success of Efforts to Introduce American Products to New Markets. Washington Correspondence N. Y. Tribune. To any one impartially reviewing President Harrison’s administration no one feature will seem to stand out more prominently among the many excellent ones that characterize it than the earnest work done on behalf of the American farmer. At the time that the present administration came into power profound depression seemed to be the prevailing sentiment among the farmers. A slight but steady diminution in the prices of most of the staple agricultural products had been going on for some years, amounting in the aggregate to a considerable per centage of the average crop values, and this resulted in a depression necessarily severely felt by a class accustomed to measure even their prosperity by a moderate standard of profit. During the very first year of Mr. Harrison’s administration, the adverse current which seemed to threaten the country’s agricultural prosperity was arrested and then turned back, so that to-day—to change the figure—the cloud which a few years ago seemed to rest so gloomily upon American agriculture has been lightened, and the future once more holds out bright promises to the American farmer. The first good stroke of work done by the present administration on behalf of the farmers was the selection of J. M. Rusk for Secretary of Agriculture. Many people were disposed to regal'd the Department of Agriculture with the indifference, or, what was worse, with the good natured contempt with which it had been regarded in years gone by by many citizens and not a few public men. Many persous failed to realize that the change effected in the condition of the department by the legislation which made it an executive department of the government and placed its head among the official advisors of the President, was one of grave importance and called for the exercise of the utmost wisdom in the selection of a suitable person to fill the new Cabinet office. Not so the President. Realizing that his nominee would be practically the first Secretary of Agriculture of the United States; that upon him would devolve the responsibility of showing to the country whether the elevation of the department to its present rank was a wise or unwise measure; that his administration, in fact, of this important department would be the test of its future value to the farmer, and consequently to tthe whole country, Pressident Harrison wise determined that new Secretary must bo not only a man of affairs, but a man endowed with exceptional good sense, with energy ;and perseverence, and, above all, thoroughly familiar with the conditions of agriculture, thoroughly in sympathy with the farmers, and enjoying to the MU their confidence. Such were the conditions that led to the selection of General Rusk. THE RIGHT MAN. Having selected a Secretary whom he believed to be the right man in the right place, the President extended to him the fullest confidence, lending him all possible influence in carrying out such measures as seemed necessary to enlarge the scope and sphere of the Department and to entend its power for the benefit and advantage of agriculture. In no department of the government have the tangible resulla obtained been more important or more gratifying than those secured by the administration in the Agricultural Department —results affecting directly the happiness and well being of the 5,000,000 farmers of the United States, with their families and their hired laborers, nearly one-half of the population of the Union —and indirectly the prosperity of every branch of industry and of every class of people in the country. When the administration came into power, the live stock interests of the country were at a low ebb. Vexatious regulations and restrictions, •and in some countries prolonged quarantine, discouraged and hampered the shippers of live stock for export, while the meat trade, especially that in pork, which is of the most importance to the greatest number of farmers, was practically strangled by oppressive restrictions and costly inspections, and in the case of the last named product by absolute phohibition in most of vhe countries of Europe. The growth of the pork trade '-"'thriving and rapid during the Sties, was not only checked but V reduced during the following in a disastrous 'A market, a corres-

ponding depreciation in prices and general depression among pork producers. • An admirable system of inspection has been devised and carried out in the teeth of much opposition, based mainly on allegations of impracticability and costliness, with the result not only that both these allegations have been triumphantly refuted, but that prohibitions against American pork have been removed by Germany, Denmark, Austria, France, Italy and Spain, and this important product now goes to nearly every portion of the globe without discrimination or restrictions. From September, 1891, to April, 1892, inclusive, more than 20,000,000 pounds of inspected pork have been exported, and such pork now brings about one cent a pound more in American markets than the uninspected. TWO EVILS. In case of cattle two evils had to be contended with: First, the continued allegations, many of them unfounded, of the existence of disease among American cattle —allegations made in foreign countries largely for the purpose of justifying the restrictions which tended to make the trade unprofitable; and, secondly, the existence in one or two comparatively insignificant sections of the country of pleuro-pneumonia,a disease which, however restricted, was a constant menace to the cattle interests and a perpetual argument iu the mouths of foreign competitors against the American cattle trade. To be effectual, measures to remove these difficulties had to be simultaneously carried out, and a consideration of the work to be undertaken was almost staggering, involving, as it did, coinspection by of the department in Great Britain of all animals inspected by the British authorities, inspection on this side of all cattle shipped abroad, and more than that a system of numbering and identifying each individual animal so that any alleged case of disease could be traced from the source whence it originally came. It meant a thorough investigation of the condition of live cattle throughout the country, the maintenance of strictest quarantine in those few sections in which pleuro-pneumonia was found, and the enforcement throughout the entire breadth of the country of rigid regulations controlling the transportation of cattle by rail or otherwise from south to north of what is known as the Texas fever line. Under the present administration all this vast amount of work has been undertaken and carried out, so successfully, indeed, that on the single item of insurance of cattle in transit shippers are saving annually $2,000,000 on the prices paid three or four years ago. The dreaded pleuro-pneumonia has been effectually stamped out of every section where it existed three years ago, with but one exception, a single county in New Jersey. With that exception, not a case of the disease has been found in any part of the country where it previously existed during'the last twelve months, and in the single exception noted over two months have elapsed without a new case being discovered, while the rigid quarantine and vigorous measures which have so successfully rid other sections of the country are being there most thoroughly enforced. Yet this is a disease with which great Britain and many other countries have been unsuccessfully coping for forty or fifty years, with the result that many authorities declare that its thorough extirpation is impossible. It is not too much to say that as the result of the work of the administration American catile and other live stock are in a more healthy condition than the live stock of any other country, and in a more healthy condition than they have been in this country in the last twenty years. During the same period the foreign markets for this country’s surplus crops have been enlarged by the introduction of products in places where they have been comparatively unknown hitherto, or at least unused; and the resources and conditions of other countries which might be made ..available as a market for surplus crops have been investigated, in order that all dealers in agricultural products might be furnished with information to guide them in seeking new outlets. This has notably been the case as regards the Central and South American republics and West Indies, with which, as the result of such information and of judicious treaties, the trade for agricultural products has already been greatly enlarged, and, what is even more important, a strong foothold has been obtained for American farm products in regions where this trade had been heretofore completely monopolized by British and German producers. As an instance of the introduction into certain regions of American products hitherto comparatively unused, one attempt may be cited with which the American public is now thoroughly familiar, although for two vears the work went on intelli- ’ gen Nad indefatigably with barely

a woi’d of recognition or encourage inent, namely, the introduction of our American Indian corn into Europe for use as human food. Tim persistence and intelligence with which this work has been carried on are now beginning to reap their reward; and enlarged demand has been created for corn meal in Great Britain and. Germany especially, with every prospect that before the present administration closes an American product hardly known in European markets, save as a cheap substitute for cattle feed, will be known in every country in Europe depending upon foreign sources for any part of its cereal food supply, as a cheap and nutritious substitute for other cereal foods. The importance of this work can hardly be overestimated, representing as it does a crop for the increase of which the resources of the United States are almost uulimitedjand which with every good crop suffers a depreciation in price which frequently has made a smaller ‘ crop bring more actual money to the producer than a larger, for the reason that its value and uses are unknown abroad. No demand for the American surplus, save as a cheap substitute for cattle feed, has existed heretofore, only 4 per cent of the crop having been exported during the last decade. THE M'KINLEY BILL AND THE AMERICAN FARMERS. American Economist. No schedule in the McKinley bill was framed with greater care than the schedule of duties on agricultural products and provisions. Not only did farmers and agricultural societies have hearings before the committee, but the members of that committee spent no little time in the construction of a schedule that would give the American farmer more thorough protection and a better hold on the home market. That their efforts did not result in failure is shown by the following table, giving the imports of various competing farm products (or finished products of which the raw material competes) in the years 1889 and 1891 —the years immediately preceding and following the enactment of the McKinley bill — together with changes in rates oX duty made by the new law :

Although the articles given in this table are but a few of the many that compete with theproducts of American farms, they are enough to show that the effect of the McKinley Tariff has been to greatly decrease agricultural imports, and, by the amount of that decrease, to put money into the pockets of our farmers. The Democratic House votes to tax sugar, which cannot be produced in this country in sufficient quantities to suit the demand, and votes to free tin, which can be produced in this country under adequate protection. The tax on sugar is added to the cost of the commodity because of a lack of competition in this country to keep the price down. The tax on tin is not added to the commodity, for the reason that tin can be produced in this country, thereby giving employment to all men who’engage in its production or manufacture. If the tax on imported tin is removed foreign producers will at once reduce the price so long as they are threatened with competition on this side of the ocean, and increase the price the moment the possibility of competition is removed. If protected until their business is established here, competition will reduce the price in the manufactured article until it would be lower than we could ever hope to have it under British and foreign monopoly. Home production of tin will give employment to thousands of American laborers. Thus it will be readily seen that the Democracy favors foreign labor and capital as against American labor and capital. The Republican party favors free sugar and home produced tin, and the Republican party is true to its purposes and promises. The man who never makes any mistakes never does any work that will outlive him.—Ram's Horn.

POLITICAL. The Democrats of Wyoming have nom' inated Dr, J. E. Osborne for Governor on a free coinage platform. Congressman Knute Nelson has been nominated for Governor of Minnesota by the Republicans, by acclamation. The People’s party of Lyons county, Kansas, nominated candidates and adopted a platform with a single-tax plank. The Democrats of the Thirteenth Dis trlct on the 27th nominated C. G. Cohn, the musical Instrument manufacturer, foi Congress. The Democrats of the Tenth Indiana District met at Logansport, Ind., Iasi week and nominated Thos. Hammond, ol Hammond, for Congress, he receiving 4( to 43 for Valentine Zimmerman, of Valparaiso. An enthusiastic Republican meeting was held, Friday, among the Indians on the Sisserton reservation, in South Dakota, and a Republican club, composed en tirely of Indians, was organized, with s charter membership of seventy-five. Speeches were made by both Indians and whites. The Silver League and People’s party, of Colorado, have fused on a State ticket each naming a part of the ticket. D. II. Waite was nominated for Governor. Ol the electors, two are original Farmers Alliance men, and one is a silver Republican. The Rocky Mountain News bolts the nominee for Governor, declaring that he is not possessed of the qualities to make him a safe Governor. A great political gathering was that at Monoma Lake, near Madison, Wls., Friday. Triangular political attractions were provided—Governor McKinley foi the Republicans, Henry Watterson for ths Democrats, and John P. St. John for the Prohibitionists. Mr. Watterson was ill and could not be present, otherwise the programme was carried out. The attendance was beyond all expectation. Seats for an audience of 20,(XX) had been provided, but long before the speaking commenced every Inch of available space was filled. The People’s party was likewise represented, but not to the extent of the other three parties. STRIKES ARE COSTLY. A Pittsburg special of.the 39th says: The great lockout at Homestead Is just one month old and has already cost over $l,t0i,000, besides the sacrifice of half a score of buman lives and serious Injuries to many times that number. Of the cost in cash, the military has cost in round figures $320,000; the workmen have lost in wages $180,000, and the Carnegles have lost aud spent as much more in getting now workmen. The workmen at Beaver Falls, Duquesne and the Union mills in Pittsburg have lost about?100,000 in wages by their sympathetic strike, and the firm is out $100,000 by the idleness ol its plants. Added to this will be the county expenses, for deputy sheriffs and murder trials, the expense to the city for the arrests, and the Nation for the Congressional investigation, Another item of no moan signili cance is the loss to workman and manufacturers in plants indirectly affected, which have been forced to close down for want of material. The locked-out workmen have not as yet been deprived of any or the necessaries of life, and if the strike should last several weeks yet there is no danger of any of the workmen's families coming to actual want. The Carnegie Steel Company has prepared a scale for the Union mills and the Beaver Falls plant, which the new men or those of the former employes who return to work, will bo required to sign. The scale will extend to January, 1804, and the wages will be the same as paid the amalgamated workmen, but no asso ciation will be recognized. The fires have been started in the Union mills, and work will probebly be resumed in a few days. The strikers are quiet, and no trouble is anticipated. There have been no attempts made as yet to resume at Duquesno or Beaver Falls, and none will be made until the Homestead and Union plants arc in full operation. The trouble with the transportation men at the Edgar Thompson works, Braddock, was settled by Manager Shwab, and the men have returned to work. At the Homestead plant the force is being steadily increased. Nearly oue hundred new men were sent up on the Tide Thursday. An Associated Press reporter went through the works Thursday and found fully seven hundred men at work. The men are very Intelligent, and not a few are college graduates, who, attracted by the reports of high wages in the steel works, prefer learning a trade to settling down to the doubtful expediency of a profession for a livelihood. There are, besides, a number of experienced mechanical engineers, who exhibited their certificates, and really seemed to handle the ponderous machinery very easily. Three heavyplates were rolled before the reporters eyes, and seemingly with as little friction as in any rolling mill. Work is beingespocially directed toward the naval contracts, and Mr. Potter says there will be little or no delay in furnishing the material. WASHINGTON. The House on the 27th by a vote of 117 105 passed the bill appropriating $5,000,000 for the World’s Fair. The President will leave Washington to ospend ; August at Loon Lake with Mrs. Harrison as soon as Congress adjourns. On September 1 he expects to go to Cape May Point, where he will establish the “summer Capital” the same as last year.

SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON. VI —August 7. THE APOSTLE’S CONFI PENCE IN GOP. —A CtS 4: 19-31. Supt.—19. But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye. School.—20. For wo can not but speak the things which we have seen and heard. 21. So when they had further threatened them, they let them go, finding nothing how they might punish them, because of the people; for all men glorified God for that which was done. 23, For the man was above forty years old on whom the miracle of healing was shewed. 23. And being let go, they wont to their own company, and reported all that the chief priests and elders had said unto them. 24. And when they heard that, they lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, Lord, thou art God, which hast made heaven and earth, and the sea, and all that in them is; 25. Who by the mouth of thy servant David hast said. Why did the heathen rage and the people imagine vain things? 26. The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord, and against his Christ. 27. For of a truth against thy holy child Jesus, whom thou hast anointed, both Herod, and Pontius Pilate, with the Gen tiles, and the people of Israel, were gathered together, 28. For to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done. 29. And now, Lord, behold their threatenings: and grant unto thy servants, that with all boldness they may speak thy word. 30. By stretching forth thine hand to heal: and that signs and wonders may be done by the name of thy holy child Jesus. 31. And when they had prayed, the place was shaken where they were assembled together; and they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and they spake the word of God with boldness. The section of history includes chapters 3 and 4. Time.—June, A. D., 30. The same day as the last part of the last lesson. The day alter the healing of the lame man. Place. —Jerusalem. The hall of the Sanhedrim, and the assembling place of the disciples. Circumstances. —In our last lesson we left Peter and John in trial before the Sanhedrim. After Peter had finished his address, the apostles were sent out of the room, while the council consulted daring to punish them for a good deed, and with the people on their side, the council recalled the apostles and tried to silence them by threats. Helps over Hard Places.—19. Answered: the command of the Sanhedrim. 23. To their own company: of Christians assembled in the city, and praying for these imprisoned disciples. 24. God, which hast made heaven, etc.: and therefore able to grant their request. 25. Who. .. hast said in the second Psalm. People imagine vain things; things they were unable to do, and vain, useless, if they could do them. 27. Jesus, whom thou hast anointed; i. e. made King and Messiah, which was done by anointing. 28. Whatsoever.. .. thy counsel determined: the Revised Version is better, To do whatsoever.. . thy counsel fore-ordained to come to pass. God had ordained the end, but not the means which men used. “God had indeed appointed that Christ should die for all men. But he had not foreordained or decreed the means by which his death was brought about. No doubt the evil was overruled for the greatest possible good, but it remained evil still, and they who did the evil were responsible for it.”-—Bishop Williams. Examples of this are found in Old Testament history. Jacob tried to fulfill God's promise to him in a wrong way. God had plenty of better ways, but Jacob did not see them, and he suffered all his life for doing in a wrong way what he had God’s promise should be done. God will carry out his plans by man’s good acts, if he will do good; but by his bad acts if he persists in being bad. 29. Grant unto thy servants; they did not ask freedom from persecution, but only strength to do their duty, and spread the gospel. 31. The place was shaken: as on the day of Pentecost, when the Holy Spirit came down in power. It was the token that their prayer for help was answered. Subjects for Further Study and Special Reports.—The courage of the apostles. —The need of courage in our day.—Obeying God rather than man. —The prayer. —Its charactmastics.—What they prayed for.— Bow signs and wonders aid the gos-pel.-—The answer to the prayer. During the ten years between 1880 and 1890 the total mileage of telephone wire in the country increased from 34,305 miles to 240,412 miles, while the number of subscribers rose from 48,414 to 227,357. The census bureau expert who compiled these figures puts the number of telephone conversations in 1890 at 453,200,000. The development of the telephone business is altogether unprecedented In the history of industrial enterprise. The Chinese gardeners are the most export fruit-growers in the world.