Greencastle Banner, Greencastle, Putnam County, 28 February 1884 — Page 2

THE COPIAH INVESTIGATION Evidence is given before the Mississippi investigating committee of the terrorism created by the Democrats of Copiah county during election times. The people of the North should fully understand the situation. We give below the report of one day's evidence. Will patriotic people complain of the ‘waving of the bloody shirt," so long as such methods are allowed to enter into the canvass of free elections in this country? The report says: Those who listened to the testimony before the Hoar investigation committee to-day obtained a strange insight to the political methods which keep Mississippi in the Bourbon folds. Stories of the whippings and shootings of colored people, of the murder of white men, of arson, of the sudden resort to the pistol, of ballots uncounted, and of negroes forced to hide in the woods, were told so circumstantially that apparently left no room for doubt. Next to Senator Saulabury.as his advisor, sat one of the instigators of there outrages, watching each witness with a look that made some of the negroes tremble'. IJiive Bell, chairman of the Republican county committee, told bow he was whipped and m;i to to give up his ballots, tie is a shrewd daikey, who has been give.i a in tee p!a *o about the Mis issippi legislatu.c. He remembered who the men wore v •> luahe.i him, but refused tu tell. Ttie widow of Torn Wallis dtssribad with rude pathon now, two wioks hefpre the election, the 'ooh went to her house, and t wo of iiit-m masked entered. Her hnsbai.d, win-was an active republican, met tham. “I am the sheriff from B oik Haveo, and I want you,’ sai 1 the leader. W illis p: teited. Tuey tried to put a rope nr tuud his neck a >d ho threw it off. The;' tl • y l>-gan to shoot, and m a minute Wslin wa= dead, h)3 wife wounded, au.i the twonty men who hud stood about the ealiiti were galloping down the road. “Wh.it did ci do than?” asked Mr.

Frye.

“1 to .k t > da wools, sah," was ihe reply. ‘ M .st n? do cullad folks w.is sleepin'out th*o. 1 stayed out of uiy house aiiout. four Weeks.” One son, tiam Walds, h ato.it looking fellow, aaw unit reo guize i some of tho mot. He staid at home. “1 kuowed they could kill me if nuey wanted to, but I th eight I would keep my ground, ' he raid. He voted and was not molested. Toen cr.no Hardy Fat nor, a gold looking i, gin, v no w,u9 whippet nearly to death by the mob. “If jo i vote the rad io.< tick***: w t , iy.|| your brains out!” hew is a unouibhe l. He crept to the pel is early, and then tied to the woods and never returned. Two boys were made to ho' i him while ho was whipped, and .ns/ werethm whipped ;honnelves, Ol l twliam (111mors, bowed witu years and do ib!a l up with rbeumaiism, testified t a In* h id been warned if he voted the l» on die ui ticke. ti > would be killed He li I ii in ! to >k to the woods. "Dir is a in guty big setilemeat ol oullud peo p'e up our way,” he sanl, ’‘but debiggest part <V em layed out ut uigtu for dey dusu t stay at. h"ne. Home white men Wins ui de woo In, too, bu 1 dey was all Republicans. We all hud to lay out like po aiuns when do dog- are alter dom ” C. Li. Oliver, another colored man, ekowe i h'W R publican nieetinga wer.i broken up. iie was au nct've cauvasier and want into vartoas p»r so. the conutiy, b it was friglileno i at las' with tne rest a* d only wont home to fond bu oattl*. Die ra tofth*timehs was hiding. As tUrso poor people narrated thur sxpt ioeui ei it was noticeable how am ious they W; re to tell the truth. At iaterv.ila th'y would turn to Senator Saulbnry’s nlvisur to support their state-

ments.

J. W. Bond. ■ ang, a young wluta man, gava t ie moat striking te-itiinony of the day. Hi* father was k:i oilie r in the resel array, hut the sou is a republican. He described the rule of the mob, i a night ridings, an I I brent a. It's member*, lid said, mi l nim repeatedly: “We are preparing to carry this county, no maltsr «ho is hurt.” The night be ore election he went to hear Oougreesmau Barksdale 9j>c k in the court house. More t iau a hundi* d armed men Hood together in the canter Barksdale addrssaed ttisji, saying that • was glad to see in their faces a tlxeu tietei miuation to carry the »'ection no matter what was rna issue. He ad▼isrd them to hang F. M. Bucks, the republioian supervisor, “so high that the birds of prey could not bury tueir beak* in his liody.” “Did ho say that?” ntcrnly asked Sen at r S.uuldbury. •“J ist that,' aas vorel tha young man. The . ne told how Meade, the chairman, exciiaoh iinusetf from speaking because he h.*d het'ii so long in the saddle, while R iley, loader o? ‘he mot), made thesaino excue I*, but added that the negroes would ant vote, hh they ha t been forced to the woo is, "1 mo/e to appoint a committee to fury the indeueudeut dwad to morrow, aas hie remsrtt. S mUbiiry and Jonas tried to hieak this witness down, but without suoeaa. He swore that he heard distinctly what w,.s a 1. Wlieu tne news of Mathewa'a deutu na t spr. a t abroad, one of the armed n.ei sail. "Well, we never have to hold another elei'tiou; wa will just uieet and ouoi.se our men.” George Hamilton, the dem-nratic clerk <•[ the election told how Mathews was niurder**!! wliile voting, “i’tiere were only six of ub m tho room, tlv# democrats and Ms.hews,” said h«. "Math ewe H*i 1 he warned to vote and get away, tint it was decided to maki nun and Winder the two ohr.llengera. They talked for a minute pi* usatitly, and wh u the polls w< re opened Mathews was tne first voter. Wheeler was the only man m the room who hud a gnu. When .Mathews voted Wheeler stood about eighteen feet off', leveled bis gnu and tired tvvo onarges into Mathews'k bread. He fell dead Whin the smoke drifted Wlieder w..s loading his gun. ilia sou in daw. who bal been outside the door witu a gun, tm-n can o in, Tuey picked up a pistol on the tl or n-ar MtunewH, and sai i it was ms I uni sure that ie h id no s.gu of having ore wuen shot. YVuoeler stood around aad talked a few minu'ea, and said he would give himself up U t.o«U -iiff. He was not arrested. Tueie was r otuer re publican challenger that day, and hardly any republican votes cast.” Hamilton was a Utile uneasy wuiloon the stand, but evidently told the truth. He did not hear Wheeler say that he was anting under orders in shooting Mathews, but the warning of t he previous day telling Lum that ne would tie killed if he voted, and his murder by Wueeler.n personal triend, just as s 'on as he voted, witu (lie ludors mo it of tne act by tue dninocral .u mam moating, le ivei no doJbt of tuo fact. The cousins and brothers ot kluitnawn

T testified to the frail In which have iveen ] what want

i employed in M.shsmppi since the demo 1 rrati came into power last full. The independents, who were showing great strength, would have won with a fair count. Territted by this the democrats resorted to violence and fraud. Mat thsws brother counted the votes at his polling place until noon when lie beard of the mur ter. At that t me no mdependent tickets ha 1 been voted. I'he return* were made up to show 24. It was so oil

over the county.

Saulsbury and Jones ti iod t * show that the two had been in tights. The cousin tostifled that he had once drawn a kni'e on a man who bad oursed him la public without causa Contain ng, the witness said that si see Matthews' death itll his tenants bat one had l>eeu driven from his cotton plantation of 700 sorts. The last witness was J. B. Jones-ohair-man of the commission, of < opiah county. He was a demojrat until 1876, when the sholguu campaign disgu-ted him with his party. He told the same storirs about the work of tho armed mob Inst fall as the previous witness.

A PARTY FOR ALL MUX.

IndiAtiaixiliii Jo traal.

Ws published a letter a day or so since from an esteemed friend, who, proclaim ing himself a Prohibitionist, essertB that he “does not propose to he driven out of the Republican part)” and he raises a note of wnrning against the "abuse” that is heaped upon Prohibitionist-; by oertaift Republicans. There has been a goo i deal said noon this latter phase, and it is worth inquiring whether there is any foundation for the charge that Prohibitionists are “abused." Surely no one with eenss or discretion, or who is entitled iu any degree to speak for the Rapublican party, want# to “drive” anyone out of the organization, be he Prohibitionists or any ho ly else. The Republican party desires all th* voters it can secure, who believe that upon the national lines of policy on which too two parties are divided that that party is more nearly right than tho other. The Republican party doee notask, and will not ask, any man who steks to ally himself with it, or who is now, or who has ever been a mem her of the organization, whether ho believes in prohibition or local option, or in license, whether ho in a total at stain* r, whether he drinks whisky, wmo or be-^r; whether he is au uuti-t.ibacjjnist, or whether be smokes and chews; whether tic eats a cap of oat meal in tho morning for dyspepsia, or whether he has an unbounded stomach that can digest cut glass; whether he believes in infant bap tism, or in imme.siou; or what his views are upon a thousand and one things with which political parties ns at prisent constituted have uotbingtodo. The Repub I lean p<,rty has s lid certain things in its platform; it his formulated a certain set of distinctive principles, upon which it lias asked the oo operation of all men who believe in them. Is it not like “driving” out to seek t > practice a confidence game o:i those who become members of the party by the adoption of acme idea which is not held in common, but which is Binously aud honestly opposed by mauy, if not a niiijonty of its membership, anil an idea ent.rely foreign to the purp issa of the party and the legitimate scope of its administrative w *rk? I'tiere caa be little or no honest diffjreuos of opinion upon the proposition that prohibi ion right or wrorg in princio e.is not a partisan issue as parties are not divided, and cannot tie inaiie suoli by either party without sen ous injury to both principle and party. Tms is universally recognized by every one who oau taka two ide ,a into their head at the same tuns, it is distinctly recognized by the Methodist ministers of the Martinsville conference, in the reso iutions the Jonruul repnut d on Setur day last. No true Prohibitionist want; Republican prohibition or Democratic prohibition; the man who advocates tho oae or the other is amenable to lbs onarge that ho is not true either ass Prohibi tion'et cr as a parti-an, hut is a seldsh schemer with motives no higher than tj Heat his personality upon a possible fictitious impi.rtuuue he may secure by | standi ig fcbetwe n two evenly balanced opposites. This dispoaitioi is evi leuoed in the attitude aud st dements *f Mr. Bchumacher, the Prohibitionist candidate for Governor of Ohio, who v.inntiogly declared that he had defeated the Republican party, and that he would d i it again until the party adopted prohibition as a part |<.f i s political faith. Wnat sort of common sense or decency is there iu this attitude, whan the Republican party of Ohio had answered the prayer of the Prohibitionists and given them the opportunity of voting di ractiy upon » constitutional amrudmem? if it had not Iwee for the Repuuhoans in Ohio the Prohieitionists night have whietle 1 for a chases to vote; yet when the party had met their dwaires, snd wns entitled by all raeons of fair dealing to their earueat eupporr, a faction of Prohibitionists organize for separate action, wad their Isuder boasts that he and his followers have defeated the party tha took upon it* vf the duty of opening me ballot box to them. In Indiana the Re publicans took the aainu pcs tion as the party iu Ohio. Heie, iu the teeth of the opposition of the Democratic party, who affected to regard prohibrion is the ultimate of tueir denre,t:ie Republicans proposed lo give the people a chance to Vote ou n prohibitory siueudment. The taking of that position cost the party many votts, whion a decent legard for fair dealing would have dictated should be made up by those of the opposite party. But. tin less the tigu res of the election are false, it doee not appear that many Democratic Protiibuioiints oared enough for their pet idea to had them to vote against their party ticket, mpperted as it was by the full feree of the Liquor Leigue. To them Democracy, bloated with whisky aud committed fully aud vehemently agu list prohibition, wn-i dearer than the idea they talked so muou about and thou voted against. It whs three facta in inUlttua end Ohio which called forth whatever of “abuse” ugaiuot idea.Prohibitionists there may have been: and, il .the eon unions had been reve.sed, we are quite certain the i^iohibltiouists would huHi “abused” the itepublicuns. We do not think Mr. Sohameouer has reached that saiiOtined state where, wnen he is tmitteu ou one cheek, he will turn the other also. The air is full of warnings not to make prohibition a paiti san question, and it will not he made one —that is ns certain as the sun will rise to rnotrow. i'here are but tew, if sny, wuo aie urging this, and they, it seema io lie, are urging it to the uetrnueut of tue piiuciple ad'O •tiled; and lu this view we have the indorsement of tue Madias vilie eouiereuee, already referred lo in tne mean (ime, there is plenty of earnest, practical woik for all men of all be l.eta or suades of opinion in r<sirioitig the evila ot tno liquor trudij. Lueea are

to bo minimized and, if who shall select the teachers and se ier

possible, put down, rnther tlmn the triumph of any pet theory or plau. There is a co i non ground upon which earnest, practi al men can meet, if they are only disposed. Where there is a will there is n way. But there are other questions demanding attention, and in which the weal of the country is vitally concerned, and upon these questions the two great political p irtiesard preparing form.otb* r quadrennial struggle, and if all signs do not fail it will be tlieeeverest contest the country has seen for many years. It is folly to expect the contest to be switched off upon another line, and he is not u wise man who seeks to make a diversion. Whatever effective legislation in the in forests of public order and public morals there has been, aud ever will be, will he received at the hands of the Republican party. We can not understand the sagacity which expects to secure the eufoiioemeut of restrictive measures by strengthening tho hands of a party that is sold out body and soul the Liquor

League.

MYERS REBUKED. Secretary of Siate Myers, of Indiana, who contributed to his infamy by writing a letter iu his official capacity reflecting upon ex-President Hayes, nas received the following stinging reply 'from the Secretary of the National Prison Asso-

ciation:

New Yoiik, Feb. Ii), 188-1. To Hon. W. R. Myers, Secretary, etc. My Dear 8ii—Your letter of the 1st inst. was duly received. I have delayed replying to it, thinking that ia yonr so berer moments you might want to recall, or at least apologize for so gratuitous an insult 11 this society, and so flagrant a disgrace to the office yon hold. It s- ems that instead of sending au apology you have added to the Siscourttey of yonr action by giving your letter to the press, without giving me the customary intimation that you intended to do so. It is not. my purpose in this note to instruct you in yonr official conduct. I have neither the right nor the tim * to do that. I willmeiely express an opinion that such letters as tho one referred to are far more hurtful to tha writer than to any one elec. Iain moreover sure that auch in-iolence wi 1 re:eive a hearty rebuke from the press of your S’ate, as well ai the emphatic ooude uualion of that largo body of your partv that belt ves in a courteous and dignified, as well as an upright, administration. You might have learned,had yon taken th? trouble to do so, that tha National Prison Association of the United States is iu no sense a partisan organization. There are both Democrats and R -publicane, and all s iades of both, in its membership roll, and in its management. It has chosen Mr. Hayes | resident, not because of his party relation hi [is, not beo inse of his having been President of the United Suites, but oeoau e of his intelligent an 1 philanthropic interest in all true pris m reform Perhaps such action may be beyond your compr In nsios, but you will understand me when I say that tha association chose Mr. Hayes with the same unanimity that it wi 1 con demo yonr extraordinary official 1. tter. You seem to forget, sir, that Mr. Hayes was our choirs for president, and that sin h being the case your le*tcr was uu men t to the asso nation, aud not to hiir, as you iu’ended it to be. 1 have not had the opportunity of laying your le'ter before our executive committee as yet, but shall do ho next wet k at the time of our natn nal c inter noe. In tha meanwhile, I am far surer that I represent the feeling of th's aHsooiatioii in the appended signature than you do the peoole of Indiana when you attaih your r ffical signature to a gratuitously insulting letter. Awa'tingyour apilogy, (due far more fo the people of your Hcate than to this association), aa i begging leave to inform youth it I shall give this letter to the pre*8, I am, air, yours indignantly, Wm. M. F. Round, Secretary of the National Prison Association of the Unite ' States.

Kansas City Journal says: Are the farmers raadv for free trade in wool? Arc they anxious or ab'e to furnish raw roateiial at the free trade rates? They have be ore them the results of so called tariff reform as afftc rug wool. The reluction was f< rued by Dem c ats aud allowed by Republicans to save the tariff bill of 18S3. It stands to day us an illustration of Democratic taritl wisdom of tne Mor-risou-Curlible order. As they have done with wool so they would do with other industries. It means ignorant tinkering with tne tariff. Free trade with ample Witraingi-i less dangerous than taritl leg islutiou that aims at a blind slush at tariff rates.

By the restoration of harmony in tho Republican party of New York, due largely to President Ar thur's splendid a liniiustrHt'.oi), the Emoire Hlale is made debatable ground in the great Presidential struggle of 1881. The result of the late election seems to show clearly that the multituds of independent Republicans who were 1 ikewarm iu 1882, owing to the startling events winch threw politic! into a chaotic condition, have renewed thdr allegiecce to the party, and will probably remain in the rauks.

If anybody labors under the impression that no import duty is collected on farm products, be should take measuieH to better inform himself. During the year 1883 there were importaiMna of taru* products to the value of <67 446,763, on wh.eii <21,385,51U indiitus wereoolltcted.

CARLISLE AS .4 POLITICIAN. The South kuew what it was ub >nt when it vote l almost solid for Carlisle for S,eiker, regaiditss of ilnanoiul or commercial mteres s. The Northern people are ant to forget things that Soiiiheru politicians are sure to remember. Only six years ago Colonel Latidiutn opposed Mr. Carlisle tor U mgre a, and in a course of a joint debate Mr. Car lisle made a rip-roanug sioeision speich —not during the war, bin utter the war, Here is au extract fr ,iu that spessh, reported verbatim, and published at the time in the Cincinnati <*i,z«tte. The meeting was held st Oynthiaua, October 28, 1876. "1 deny that tho United Skate i is a Nation. it is a vicious system that ha* dostrryed sovereign Slates aud oppressed nine millions of people m the Souih. If a State has no rigut of secession, she certainly has the right of revolution, the ItipUDliCau party wants another Mine iiimeut to the Consritritiou. Why do they want it? Is it not that the Gnte nnient ahull take the school (uud Into it* own lianas, ttoii appoint a coiuuiiasiontr

of books ro be used in the schools, and you* 1 child and my child he denied the right to learn the arpi abet except in such a bonk ns sna 1 learn th.-m t > forget Wash ng'on Jack ou. JtflVus n. and the 8trttesm*-ii . f Virginia and the South? I’he most infamous order eve* is-iud was that of ih'- Attorney Genera 1 , only a few days ago, which caused Hx'y c.ninantes of soldt.-rsto march to 8 nth Carolina to lake charge of tire bal lot box arnt overawe Hie voters of that poor, riowntroduen State, the paradise ot oarpet-huirg.: a and scalawags. But the dav will >• .ne when South Carol-na wi! 1 , under Di m > ratio rule, take her place tiihid.* Virgin in aud other sovereign -hate-*, an 1 ml hfirs'df of the barbarous political bazzards of the ''Orth that have fe 1 on her carcase for the pest eleven years, ai d robbed white aud black without uiscri ination.” Turn hick the bands of the clock

twenty-two years.

Our Portrait Gallery.

Nutritious Qualities ol Food. Joiumil of Health. ■ i be wn. i t litde imagines how largely it is indebted t. . tho labor ions reseao-nr <*. eoieiitihr m-drciil men for man- f b o most itupu i ,ut truths relatively to human health, happiueau and life. As population increases, and the value of food is enhanced, tho knowledge which chemistry has elicited is becoming more and more valuable, in a practical point of view. Some kinds of food are more nutritions than others, and if it should be found that articles which are cheapest have the most nutriment and give the highest abilty to labor, then knowledge becomes money to tho poor. Tables vary, but some of the general results are as follows: One pound of rice, prepared for the table, gives eighty eight per cent, of nutri moat, and, aonsequentty, u relative proportional ability to labor, c .mpared with other articles of food. A pound of beef costing tiiteeu cents, gives only twentylive percent, of nutriment. Yet countless numbers of the poor in New York (drain

HON. .1. *1. IX(dALLS.

fl. S. t" iiMwa.*

SUGAR MAKING IN AMERICA. Growth and Development of the Industry During the Last Few Years.

Indi.-inapoliu Journal.

Prof. Haivey W. Wiley, chemist to the Agricultural Deportment, Washington, has just cimpleted a tour through the West and Northwest iu the interest of

tho sugar and syrup industry.

Dr. Wiiny left Washington Die. 20, and has bean lecturing on the sugar and syrup industry before farmers’ institutes, and cans giowens’ u/vucistions at Intiianapolie, Minneapolis, (Tiampsign, 111.

Madison, Wi*., and Topeka, Kas.

“Who? doer, the sugar industry amount j to in tho Unit* d Statci, Prof. Wiley?”

a point daily to purchase beaf at tifteen ,

cents a pound, when they could get a | aH |‘‘ * t * 1, ‘ r 'd 1,r,er - pound of rice for one-third of the amount One of tha mist

the rice, too, having three times ns much na'rimcnt as lieef, making a practical difforanca of eight huti lre.1 per cent., aside from the fact that boiled rice ie three times easier of digisuon tlivi roa*t baef, the rice being digested in about one hoiv-, roast beef requiring three hours and a half. There is meaning, then, in the renuted fact that two-fifths of the human

family live on rice.

We compile the following tables for preeervurio'i, a* being practically and permanently iisef"l. All the economist requires ia to compare the price of a pound

iu the

of food with the which it affords

amount of

nutriment

Kiml* of

Made of

Percentage

Food. Preparation. ot Natrimont-

Oil*

Pean

.Ootlod

Harley

bo.led

Corn broad

... baked

Wheat Hrvad

baked

{Ill

Rice

boiled.

(>8

beano

. ..toiled

Kye bread

baked

Mutton

broiled

Plums

raw

Grape*

raw

Hud

-aw

'Jil

Poultry

Pork

Veal

fried... .

Venison

broiled...

•J2

• /odftsh

boiled ...

Kk*» ...._

whipped

Apples

raw

Milk

raw

Turnips

Melons

('ucumbera

. . raw

The Fashions.

It is conceded by everybody who makes a study of the matter, of costume that the stage “sets the fashions” more persuasively than any other medium. In the gnat theatres, especially in Pann, the toilets arc watched for with as much interest by the women as the sitnations are by the men. The importance of the petticoat phateof the drama will be appreciated, if one considers how greatly the pleasure of a scene is enhanced by proper surroundings. Tue prettiest designs of the heads of those dressy little lace pins that adorn and fasten jabots and (rills of lace, are tiny leaves of the rose, in various colors, m one tide of which is a diamond dewdrop or a diminutive abilone shell, with a pearl or diamond dropped on its iri-dos-ent tip. It is very discouraging to those who own real pearl or diamond pins to tee that the imiiatiouu are so clever. The newest brooches, however, are branches, sprays, or round crown shapes, instead of slender, long rearf pine. For fastening luces tho very newest gold pins shaped like a dagger or w th a lily-shaped spray, curving at the head. Initial pins of silver, small gold pins, comma, flue pfont o and colored stoncp, are iu the heads of other pins intended to conflue the folds of lace at tho throat or to secure the bouquet to the bod ce. Long jeweled hair-pins, thrust in tho hair, are called Mascottes. aud are fashionable. They are straight, cresent or fancyshaped, and siudduJ with Rhine stone or

pearl beads.

One of tho novelties in London is the literary bracelet. It is made of twelve tiny books ( diver or gold) attaobed to each other by a double ch (in. Each little book bears the enameled name of some favoiite poet or novelist. There are also musical bracelets on tho same plan, only, of course, with the names of operas or eompo era. The Jersey herd of James P. Ross, of Waha*b, Iod, has many remarkable fitje animals, among them theoow Mary Ann of St. Lntnbtrts, 9,77.1, winch is a test of thirty-one days made twenty-four pounds thirteen ounces iu seven days.

iraportmt

c runtry. The prodnelion of onr own sngaf would keep at home r. billion dollars’ worth of m. ncy—more than the entire annual product of our gold and silver mines. W 0 use annually 1,200,000 tons of sugar in the United States, of which we make onlv about one twelfth part. Tho e-op i-i abort in the Southern States, due to overflow. Tie) acreage was much lea:* than cimaiOn In Louisiana they make 1,500 pounds to the acre from

tne Southern caua.”

“What fstbo yield of the Northern

cane?”

"From four to nix hundred poun s of sugar, and from forty to seventy gallons of eymp. Under improved methods o' cultivation and mnnnfactnre, the yield may rise to one thonsan 1 pounds in tho true No'tbcrn augur belt.” “I* there much interest in the work of the department among the farmers?’’ “Yep; thev highly appreciate the invoa tigatioDR .if the depuitmeut, particularly ns to the rntthode of extracting the juice of the cano by diff ision.” “What is tho ‘diffusion’ proeeer ?" “it consists essentially of cnttinc the cane into small slices diagonally nerons thesto k about an eight of an inch thick, | and theu extrecling the juice by purer laj ting hot water throngh the eaue. By this me bod 92 per ojnb of the juice ir, extmete J, while by the old pr< eoss of milling only about 50 per cent of the juice is

saved.’

"How much sorghum sugar is made in the Northern States?” “Abont h million pounds last year.Jand about forty million gallonn of syrup . The j sugar is worth eight cents a pound, ond the syrup from forty to fitcy cents n gallon. The sugar Is as p,we and white as any in the world. There are three prin cmal maimfaetorips. Rio Grande, N. J., has made the last year 3)0,000 pounds of sugar and 60,000 gallons of syrup. The syrup sold at 42 eFints t gallon by tho ear load, at the works, and the sugar at 8 cents by wholes ale." “Ho v much do they plant?” “I he;. put in n thousand acres last year. They bought 32,'MO wires of land ou Cape Mav peninsula at ??. an acre,ami the adjacent land is held at <50 to 875 an acre. New Jersey gives a b runty of 81 a ton ou all cane raised <n the State, and 1 cent a pound on all sugar rnise.l in the State. This bounty ia for five years, of whic , f ree have elapsed. It has greatly enhanced the interest of cane-raieing in the State.” “Where else is sugar made in the NsHhcrn States?” ‘There is a factory in Champaign, 111., whero they make over 200,0 W pounds of sugar. In Hutchison and Sterling, Kas., they make upwards of 590,000 pounds annually. Kansas is particularly a lapted to eaue raising, and there i i no rossou why in five years Kansas should not mske fifty million ponnds of augar an

Dually.”

What effect will protection have on the iuducJrj ?” ‘The unanimous sentiment in Kansas, and througont the Northwest is against miy change. The general fueling is that this infantile industry netrfa the fostering care of the government, and to reduce the tariff would be the death blow to sugar-making in the United States. Hagar cun bo made in all the northren states, but rot iu paying quantities. The season of manufacture as well as the season of growth must be considered. The sugar Ivet furnishes the material for a auit 2iK),000 pound* of sugar in the Umbd States. Ia Germany over two hnudred thousand million ponnds of sugar are marie trom the beet. Much of this is imported into France and the

United Stalas, and is as fine a sugar as 1S made in the world. Bat the l eete can he preserve! and sugar made all the winter; canc sugar, however, mast be made in the fall, befo e the frost comes. Io work up 1,200 acres of c ire requires seventy-five men, working iu two gangs —night and day—for three months. Syrup may be made thro;ig >ut the United States wherevercorn is raised; sugar, however, can be made profitably only in the middle tier of states-in the isotherms pasting through Cape May for | September and November we have the sugar-making belt of the northern States. “How decs the northern cane differ from the sent hern cane?” “It is a different species, botanically. The latter is grown by layering, while the Clu iivr** or northern cane is grown from thei -1 Th* principal varieties are the nr.ibiT, i ne orange, the Honduras, and the 1 Links hybrid. Each of tlmse has its good points—the amber ripens eirly, and a* the manufacutnng season begins early; The Honduras is a he ivy yielder; the orange and the Links hybrid combine tin qmlitie* of the other two. These are varieties—sports, the botanist, would call them —due to accidents of cultiva-

tion.”

Professor Wiley goes to Washington, and from ‘here to Ntw Orleans, to attend the Louisiana cane growers’ convention. Th : s is the main convention in tho United Statee. Tfce s', ana i tgar belt is smal', but the most important in the country. Ho statee among the eancgrowrs, Commissioner Loring is highly regarded. His efforts to adviuoe the sugar industry, ns well as Ins (fforts to Snd out th true nature of tho diseasea of the hog and of cattle, are highly appre-

ciated.

Oyster Pirates. Down the Virginia shore, whore runs the line between that State and Maryland, are found the best oysteis and the most intractable population, in sjme respects, on this hemisphere. These people have a rooted objection to letting anybody but themselves ku w the dividing line of the two S;a‘es which runs through the oyster beds to the Atlantic ocean. About ones every two years Virginia or Maryland appropriates several thousand d( ln.ru snd Bonds down a commission of very determined old gentlemen who have been fighting ever since they were born for either the rights of Virginia or the rights of Maryland in the oyster beds. These gentlemen, learned in riparian rights, stonily established the . dividing line according tc the latest water marks, and UiriiiiUm with instant apprehension anybody cuugbt trespnesing on either side. By rh? tim? the oomtuissioners have got out of sight every murk is lemovtd. Theoyster laws of the two States are very different and are conttantly changed, and it is extremely convenient to tho-e oystermen n .t to know iu which State they are working. If a man is caught trespassing by the Virginia authorities, he<f*waars stoutly it? was across the Maryland line, and can bring whole villagss and lb* ta from both sides ty swear that he was ou the Maryland uide. When he is caught by the Maryland authorities, the whole population turns out to make oath that he was on the Virginia side. When, after a year or two, either Htate scuds down to iiad the marks left by the previous commission, every mark has disappeared. and not u man oau Le found cither in Virginia or Maryland who knows anything about them. Ttie population aides with the oyster men, and regards the State vessels as pirates and the pirates as patriots. Last year Virginia spent $5,0)0 to fix the lines so that the lo^al Mifkorities could deal with the offenders, bnt the local authorities have not the smallest idea of meddling in so dangerous a matter. It is a point of honor with the governors of Virginia and Maryland to take command of the land and sea forces of their respective states iu person when tlie: campaign is particularly active. Governor (Jameron has several times acted as Lord High Admiral of the He d, and has won much naval renown thereby. Governor MoLano is having the outluseis furuislm 1 ne ami arc kept iu reasrve in the basement of the Annapolis state house for the oyster war, having been used iu similar encounters for the past century. When the Governor takes command iu person it is understood that no quarter is to be asked for cr given. The pirates, when they have taken up all the oysters they can, aud the State vessels bear down on thorn, run their vessels ashore, and disappear into the ground apparently, a* the people living on shore can never give tha least information about them. The Governor retu in triumph to write up his campaign and lay it before the Legislature, while the piraun return to their piracy, regarding the State’s interference aa rather an amusing episode in the tedium of lifa.

Rural Brov,tit-s. Start the hot bs 1 iu goo 1 season. Beware of the seed oats swindlers. Let eirory farm have a g ui l farmet N. t too late to start that farm dj How aboat the maple sugar crop? Bear’s meat is abundant in tho V February ends tha seamu of hibo tion. Wine and brandy can be made ( oranges. The Holstein enw is one of tho bei all round cows known. Unualted butter, s raiglit from churn,is largely sold in Iowa, Wilmington, N. U.. inw u u ,aUng rail